@article {566, title = {Accumulation of Potential Photo-Protective Compound Groups in Mangrove (Sonneratia caseolaris (L.) Engler.) Leaves}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {10}, year = {2018}, month = {March 2018}, pages = {576-580}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {576}, abstract = {

Objective: To analyze the accumulation of potential photo-protective compound groups, include phenol, flavonoid, and tannin in the leaf tissues of Sonneratia caseolaris (L.) Engler. Methods: The research used Sonneratia caseolaris (L.) Engler leaves as materials. The total of compound groups and photo-protective ability level of each tissue was measured using spectrophotometry, while detection of compound group accumulations in the leaf tissue were observed using histochemical assay. Results: Epidermis extract contained the highest content of total phenolic compounds (phenol, flavonoid, and tannin), followed by those of mesophyll and whole leaf. Moreover, Sun Protection Factor (SPF) value of epidermis was also higher than those of mesophyll and whole leaf, considering that there were no significant difference of SPF value between mesophyll and whole leaf. Result of histochemical assay of S. caseolaris fresh leaf sections showed that phenol, flavonoid, and tannin were highly accumulated in the epidermis and some parts of mesophyll. Conclusion: Potential photo-protective compound groups of S. caseolaris leaves were accumulated in epidermis and mesophyll. However, epidermis showed the highest level of potential photo-protective compound groups than those of other tissues. Photo-protective ability of epidermis also showed higher value than those of mesophyll.

}, keywords = {Leaf anatomy, Photo-protective, Secondary metabolite, Sonneratia caseolaris (L.) Engler, SPF}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2018.3.94}, url = {http://fulltxt.org/article/527}, author = {Haviah Hafidhotul Ilmiah and Tri Rini Nuringtyas and Laurentius Hartanto Nugroho} } @article {541, title = {Accumulation of Potential Photo-Protective Compound Groups in Mangrove (Sonneratia caseolaris (l.) Engler.) Leaves}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {10}, year = {2018}, month = {x}, pages = {XX-XX}, type = {x}, chapter = {x}, abstract = {

Objective: To analyze the accumulation of potential photo-protective compound groups, include phenol, flavonoid, and tannin in the leaf tissues of Sonneratia caseolaris (L.) Engler. Methods: The research used Sonneratia caseolaris (L.) Engler leaves as materials. The total of compound groups and photo-protective ability level of each tissue was measured using spectrophotometry, while detection of compound group accumulations in the leaf tissue were observed using histochemical assay. Results: Epidermis extract contained the highest content of total phenolic compounds (phenol, flavonoid, and tannin), followed by those of mesophyll and whole leaf. Moreover, Sun Protection Factor (SPF) value of epidermis was also higher than those of mesophyll and whole leaf, considering that there were no significant difference of SPF value between mesophyll and whole leaf. Result of histochemical assay of S. caseolaris fresh leaf sections showed that phenol, flavonoid, and tannin were highly accumulated in the epidermis and some parts of mesophyll. Conclusion: Potential photo-protective compound groups of S. caseolaris leaves were accumulated in epidermis and mesophyll. However, epidermis showed the highest level of potential photo-protective compound groups than those of other tissues. Photo-protective ability of epidermis also showed higher value than those of mesophyll.

Key words: Sonneratia caseolaris (L.) Engler, Secondary metabolite, Photo-protective, SPF, Leaf anatomy.

}, keywords = {Leaf anatomy., Photo-protective, Secondary metabolite, Sonneratia caseolaris (L.) Engler, SPF}, doi = {10.5530/jppcm.2018.2s.xx}, author = {Haviah Hafidhotul Ilmiah and Tri Rini Nuringtyas and Laurentius Hartanto Nugroho} } @article {466, title = {Cytotoxic Activities of Fractions from Dioscorea bulbifera L. Chloroform and Methanol Extracts on T47D Breast Cancer Cells}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {10}, year = {2018}, month = {December 2017}, pages = {33-38}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {33}, abstract = {

Objective: To elucidate cytotoxic activity of fractions from chloroform and methanol extracts of D. bulbifera organs on T47D breast cancer cells. Method: The vegetative organs of D. bulbifera were extracted gradually using chloroform and methanol. Cytotoxicity tested on T47D cells using MTT Assay. The most toxic extract was fractioned by vacuum liquid chromatography (VLC) followed by thin layer chromatography (TLC). The extract and fractions potential were tested on the Vero cells using the same method as cancer cells. The most toxic fraction was analyzed using TLC followed by the application of various spray reagents for the identification of active compound. Results: The chloroform extract of the D. bulbifera leaves was the highest cytotoxic on T47D cells (IC50 115.63\±86.01 \μg/mL). Moreover, the cytotoxicity test on the combined fractions of leaves chloroform extract showed that fraction 5 (F5) and fraction 6 (F6) were the most toxic fractions compared to those of other fractions. The IC50 of both fractions were 14.55\±8.62 and 7.12\±4.43 \μg/mL respectively. However, Its were very weak compared to those of cancer medicine (Doxorubicin) with the IC50 was 0.04\±0.02 \μg/mL. Potential fractions were not toxic against Vero cells with IS\>10. The active compounds in those fractions were alkaloid and terpenoid. Conclusion: Chloroform extract of the D. bulbifera leaves had the highest cytotoxic effect on T47D cells. Potential fractions were not toxic against Vero cells. The active compounds in those fractions were alkaloid and terpenoid.

}, keywords = {Cytotoxicity, D. bulbifera, MTT Assay, Secondary metabolites, T47D}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2018.1.7}, url = {http://fulltxt.org/article/362}, author = {Rinto Muhammad Nur and Laurentius Hartanto Nugroho} }