@article {918, title = {Screening of Tyrosinase Inhibitor, Antioxidant and Cytotoxicity of Dried Sea Cucumber from Tomini Bay, Indonesia}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {11}, year = {2019}, month = {May 2019}, pages = {555-558}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {555}, abstract = {

Background: Indonesia, as a tropical country, is one of the important producers of sea cucumbers (beche-de-mer). Sea cucumber is a marine invertebrate that contains attractive bioactive secondary metabolites and these metabolites can be used for health as well as cosmetics. Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the activity of tyrosinase inhibitors, antioxidants, and cytotoxicity of sea cucumber methanolic extract. Methods: Dried sea cucumber samples were taken from Boalemo waters, Tomini Bay, Indonesia. Tyrosinase inhibitor assay was carried out spectrophotometrically using tyrosinase enzymes and L-DOPA as a substrate and antioxidant tests were carried out by DPPH method. Cytotoxicity test against human breast cancer cell line (T47D) was conducted using the MTT assay. Results: The study showed that Bohadschia vitiensis had the best tyrosinase inhibitor activity with IC50 value of 0.28 mg/ml. The DPPH free radical scavenging testing showed that all sea cucumbers had weak antioxidant activity. On the other hand, cytotoxicity assay revealed that several sea cucumbers had good cytotoxicity against T47D cells, where Holothuria atra and Bohadschia marmorata showed strong cytotoxicities with IC50 values of 23.0 and 28.1 ug/mL, respectively. Conclusion: Based on the study, it can be concluded that the dried sea cucumber from the Tomini bay region, Indonesia, has the potential to be developed as a source of tyrosinase inhibitors and cytotoxic agents.

}, keywords = {Antioxidant, Cytotoxicity, Screening, Sea cucumber, Tyrosinase inhibitor}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2019.11.88}, author = {Muhammad Nursid and Endar Marraskuranto and Azizah Kuswardini and Tjahyo Winanto} } @article {219, title = {Cytotoxicity of Fucoidan from Three Tropical Brown Algae Against Breast and Colon Cancer Cell Lines}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {9}, year = {2017}, month = {December 2016}, pages = {14-20}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {14}, abstract = {

Introduction: Fucoidan is a sulfated polysaccharide that has a wide range of bioactivities including anti-cancer. This polysaccharide commonly is extracted from marine brown seaweed. There is lack of information on the fucoidan extracted from tropical brown algae and its anti-cancer activity. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to purify fucoidan from Sargassum sp., Turbinaria sp. and Padina sp., and to evaluate their cytotoxicity against breast cancer (MCF-7) and colon cancer cells (WiDr). Materials and Methods: Fucoidan extraction was conducted by using acid extraction method. Purified fucoidans were obtained by DEAE cellulose column chromatography and confirmed by HPLC and FT-IR spectrometry. The cytotoxicity was evaluated by using the MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl] -2,5- diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. Results: Fucoidan from Sargassum sp. and Turbinaria sp. showed low cytotoxicity with IC50 ranging between 461-663 \μg/mL. Higher cytotoxicity against MCF-7 and WiDr was showed by fucoidan from Padina sp. with IC50 of 144 and 118 \μg/mL, respectively. While its IC50 against Vero cells was 501 \μg/mL.Standard fucoidan from Fucus vesiculosus exhibited IC50 of 60, 63 and 211 \μg/mL against MCF-7, WiDr and Vero Cells, respectively. Although the IC50 was higher than that of standard fucoidan, Padina sp. fucoidan showed cytotoxicity comparable with standard fucoidan at concentrations below 100 \μg/mL. Conclusion: These results indicated that Padina sp.fucoidan showed potential selective cytotoxicity, and promising for the development of an anti-cancer compound.

}, keywords = {Breast cancer, Colon cancer, Cytotoxicity., Fucoidan, Phaeophyta}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2017.1.3}, author = {Alim Isnansetyo and Fadilah Nor Laili Lutfia and Muhammad Nursid and Trijoko and Ratna Asmah Susidarti} }