@article {2202, title = {Inhibitory Mechanisms of Soybean Extract on the Development of Breast Cancer Through Modulation of Cellular Immune Response}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {16}, year = {2024}, month = {February 2024}, pages = {01-08}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {01}, abstract = {

Background: Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women worldwide. Consumption of soy products has been reported to reduce the incidence of and mortality rate for some cancers, including breast cancer. However, there are limited in vivo studies on the inhibitory effect of soybean extracts on breast cancer. Objectives: To examine the effect of soybean extracts on breast cancer cellular immunity and to determine the role of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in the development and outcome of breast cancer. Material and Methods: Rat were induced with DMBA 11 times to get a breast cancer model. A soybean extract was given at different doses starting one week before DMBA induction and continued until the end of the study. At the end of the study, peripheral blood was collected, and the lymphocytes were examined using flow cytometry. Results: The phytochemical screening of soybean extract, using the Q-TOF LC/MS method, detected four bioactive components from the isoflavone and saponin groups. The incidence of tumor formation in the NeC, SE-D250, SE-D500, and SE-D1000 groups was 100\%, 83\%, 33\%, and 33\%, respectively. The highest proportion of CD4+ T cells was found in the NeC (69.35\%), while the lowest was in the SE-D1000 (63.75\%). The highest and lowest proportions of CD8+ T cells were found in the SE-D1000 and NeC groups, at 35.95\% and 31.15\%, respectively. Conclusions: The soybean extract was able to reduce the incidence of breast tumor formation in DMBA-induced rat in a dose-dependent manner. The soy extract group{\textquoteright}s CD4+/CD8+ ratio was close to that of healthy rats compared to the DMBA-induced group without soy extract. A lowered CD4+/CD8+ ratio is followed by a lower risk of tumor formation.

}, keywords = {Breast cancer, CD4+, CD8+, Cellular immune response, Soybean extract}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2024.16.1}, author = {Andi Muh. Maulana and Kusmardi Kusmardi and Erni Hernawati Purwaningsih and Andon Hestiantoro and Taifo Mahmud and Heri Wibowo and Bambang Pontjo Priosoeryanto and Primariadewi Rustamadji and Numlil Khaira Rusdi} } @article {2183, title = {Correlation of Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes (TILs) to Apoptotic Index (AI) in Breast Cancer}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {15}, year = {2023}, month = {December 2023}, pages = {1185-1188}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {1185}, abstract = {

Background: TILs is higher in breast cancer tissue, especially in the stroma compared to normal breast tissue. There is still no research on the relationship between AI and TILS in breast cancer. Yet another study indicating the presence of lymphocytic infiltration was investigated further by detailed analysis of apoptotic epithelial/tumor cells, using the CytoDEATH M30 antibody. The number of apoptosis was significantly higher. Methods: This study used an observational analytic design with a cross-sectional approach to analyze the relationship between Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and the apoptotic index (AI) in breast cancer. This research was conducted at H. Adam Malik General Hospital. The study was conducted using a case series model to see the correlation between Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes (TILs) and Apoptotic index (AI) in Breast Cancer. Results: In this study there were 52 patients where the mean age was 54.8 years with a standard deviation of 9.66 years Based on the characteristics of the TNM, it was found that most of the patients came with T3 (24 patients/46.2\%), N0 (29 patients/55.8\%) and M1 (31 patients/59.6\%). Based on the frequency, there were 35 patients with high TILS or 67.3\% of the total sample and 44 patients with high AI or 84.6\%. In this study, an analysis of the relationship between TILS and AI was carried out where a p value \<0.001 was obtained indicating a significance and relationship between TILS and AI. Conclusions: There is a significant relationship between tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and the Apoptotic index (AI).

}, keywords = {Apoptotic Index, Breast cancer, H. Adam Malik General Hospital, Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2023.15.215}, author = {Kamal Basri Siregar and Barry Winaldy Siregar and Suyatno} } @article {2181, title = {Ethanolic Extract of Propolis from Tetragonula laeviceps: Selective Cytotoxicity for MCF-7 Breast Cancer cells}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {15}, year = {2023}, month = {December 2023}, pages = {1177-1180}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {1177}, abstract = {

Introduction: Many patients with breast cancer fail to respond to conventional chemotherapeutic agents; these agents are also associated with numerous adverse events and toxicities. These concerns have led to the ongoing search for natural ingredients with antitumor effects. As such, the aim of this study was to explore the anti-cancer properties of an ethanolic extract of propolis (EEP), a natural product derived from the stingless bee, from Tetragonula laeviceps. Methods: Bioactive components of EEP were identified by gas chromatography{\textendash}mass spectrometry (GC{\textendash}MS) and antioxidant capacity was tested by 2.2-diphenyl1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) analysis. Selective cytotoxic actions of EEP on both MCF-7 and Vero cells were then evaluated using the MTT assay. Polyphenols were identified as the major components of EEP from T. laeviceps. Results: our results indicated that EEP was selectively toxic for human MCF-7 breast cancer cells and had only limited impact on African Green Monkey kidney Vero cells. Conclusion: EEP from T. laeviceps has bioactive components that may selectively inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells. As such, EEP may be useful source material to be used for the development of novel anti-cancer agents.

}, keywords = {Breast cancer, MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells, Proliferation, Propolis}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2023.15.213}, author = {Rina Masadah and Savira Ekawardhani and Ramadani Eka Putra and Dzul Ikram and Muhammad Faruk} } @article {1929, title = {Molecular Docking Estrogen Receptor Alpha Antagonist and P53- MDM2 Inhibitor, ADMET Prediction of Alkaloid Compound from Mitragyna speciosa for Breast Cancer Therapy}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {14}, year = {2022}, month = {January 2023}, pages = {912-916}, type = {Original Article }, chapter = {912}, abstract = {

Introduction: Breast cancer is one of the major universal health problems affecting more than two million cases per year. Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and P53 are common targets for the treatment of breast cancer and are primarily involved in cell proliferation. The function of p53 protein is regulated by direct binding to MDM2 protein. Therefore, inhibition of p53-MDM2 interaction leads to reactivating p53 activity. Alkaloid compounds generally have potential anticancer effect. Alkaloid compound from Mitragyna speciosa have the potential for anticancer. Methods: The method used is molecular docking with AutoDockTools 1.5.6 program. Predict the properties of physicochemical, pharmacokinetic, and toxicity prediction tests (ADMET) using pkCSM. Results: The results showed that speciophylline, corynoxine A, and corynoxine B have the best values in free binding energy (ΔG) for estrogen receptor (ERα) alpha receptor. Meanwhile, mitraphylline, mitrafoline, and corynoxine B have the best values for protein P53. Predict ADMET using the pkCSM, the alkaloid compound has strong lipophilicity and good permeability so it predicts the ability to penetrate intestinal cell membranes and the skin membrane. Spesiofilin, mitraphylline, and mitrafolin are not expected hepatotoxic. Conclusion: Speciophylline and mitraphylline have potential as anticancer drugs through the inhibitory of estrogen receptor alpha and MDM2 reseptor.

}, keywords = {ADMET, Alkaloid, Breast cancer, Docking, Mitragyna speciosa}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2022.14.188}, author = {Puja Adi Priatna and Rizki Rahmadi Pratama and Retno Widyowati and Sukardiman} } @article {1910, title = {Nano Transdermal Delivery Potential of Fucoidan from Sargassum sp. (Brown Algae) as Chemoprevention Agent for Breast Cancer Treatment}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {14}, year = {2022}, month = {December 2022}, pages = {789-795}, type = {Research Article }, chapter = {789}, abstract = {

Conventional chemotherapy substances are associated with mild to severe side effects that affect both healthy and cancer cells. It is presumed to improve therapeutic efficacy in coexistence reducing chemotherapy{\textquoteright}s side effects. Fucoidan is an anticancer bioactive compound derived from Sargassum sp. that has low cytotoxic activity. The purpose of this study was to explore the effectiveness of anticancer activities of fucoidan from Sargassum sp. against breast cancer then analyze the suitability of nano transdermal patch of fucoidan and blueprint the long-term research design of nano transdermal patch as a chemoprevention agent in the chemotherapeutic management of breast cancer. This research was performed through a literature study and in silico study by imposing carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX) as a marker of hypoxia and metastatic state of cancer cells. The results showed that the fucoidan from Sargassum sp. effectively induced apoptosis and prevented metastasis of breast cancer cells through the Bcl-2, Bcl-w, and bad pathways. Fucoidan, in addition, was predicted to inhibit CA IX by Glu4 Glu5, Leu7, Pro8, and Asp6 residues. Therefore, the delivery of fucoidan is favored to have a local effect on the site of breast cancer cells by nano transdermal patch preparations using fucoidan nanoparticle polymer. Further nano transdermal patch development as a treatment for breast cancer is suggested through the stages of formulation optimization, optimum formula activity testing, patent filing, and distribution in health services.

}, keywords = {Anticancer, Breast cancer, Fucoidan, Nano transdermal, Sargassum sp. .}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2022.14.169}, author = {Syeftyan Muhammad Ali Hamami and Michelle Fai and Ahmad Fariduddin Aththar and M Nizam Zulfi Zakaria and Viol Dhea Kharisma and Ahmad Affan Ali Murtadlo and Muhammad Badrut Tamam and Vikash Jakhmola and Muhammad Hermawan Widyananda and Dora Dayu Rahma Turista and Maksim Rebezov and Nikolai Maksimiuk and Nataliya Kulmakova and Evgeniya Latynina and ANM Ansori and Rahadian Zainul and Riso Sari Mandeli and Devi Purnamasari and Oski Illiandri and Khoirun Nisyak and Ernarisa Fitri} } @article {1800, title = {Utilization of Secondary Metabolites in Algae Kappaphycus alvarezii as a Breast Cancer Drug with a Computational Method}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {14}, year = {2022}, month = {June 2022}, pages = {536-543}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {536}, abstract = {

Breast cancer is one of the worst diseases that affect female people. Long-term treatment with therapy or surgery has a detrimental impact on the patient. The algae Kappaphycus alvarezii has gotten a lot of interest as a breast cancer medication because it contains chemicals that are expected to be anti-cancer. The objectives of this paper were to see how secondary metabolites in algae interact with the Nuclear Factor- kappaB protein kinase in breast cancer. The ligands and proteins were obtained from the PubChem and PDB websites, respectively. Swiss ADME was then used to assess the Pharmacokinetics and Drug likeness Properties. The last stage involved using molecular docking with PyRx and molecular dynamics to identify the interaction and visualization between the ligand and the target protein. The findings of the test revealed that the maraniol chemical had a superior binding capacity with NF kB protein kinase because it has a chromone group that controls transport efficiently in preventing breast cancer proliferation.

}, keywords = {Breast cancer, K. alvarezii, Molecular Docking., NF kB protein kinase}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2022.14.68}, author = {AF Dibha and S Wahyuningsih and ANM Ansori and VD Kharisma and MH Widyananda and AA Parikesit and MT Sibero and RT Probojati and AAA Murtadlo and JP Trinugroho and TH Sucipto and DDR Turista and I Rosadi and ME Ullah and V Jakhmola and R Zainul} } @article {1657, title = {In Vivo Antimammary Tumor Effects of Soybean Extract with Targeted Lunasin (ET-Lun)}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {13}, year = {2021}, month = {September 2021}, pages = {1269-1276}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {1269}, abstract = {

Background/Objective: Lunasin is a peptide, consist of 44 amino acids which have anti-cancer, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activity. The price of commercial Lunasin was very expensive due to the high cost of lunasin synthesis and the lack of methods to obtain the pure lunasin weight from plant sources, involving time-consuming analytical instruments. To overcome these problems, the soybean extract with targeted Lunasin (ET-Lun) was made. The aim of this study was to investigate anti-cancer properties of ET-Lun in breast cancer models in vivo. Methods: Effect of ET-Lun was evaluated in 7,12-Dimetilbenz[a]antrasen (DMBA) induced breast cancer rat model. Tumor Mass, volume, and number were measured. The expression of HER2 and EGFR from each treatment group in DMBA-induced rat was evaluated using immunohistochemistry. Results: The results shown that ET-Lun could reduced tumor volume (p=0,021). ET-Lun decreased EGFR expression compared to negative control DMBA (p=0,012). Conclusions: These results indicated that the ET-Lun has anti-breast cancer activity in vivo.

}, keywords = {Breast cancer, EGFR, HER2, In-vivo, Soybean}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2021.13.160}, author = {Numlil Khaira Rusdi and Erni Hernawati Purwaningsih and Andon Hestiantoro and Berna Elya and Kusmardi Kusmardi} } @article {1065, title = {Nanoparticle Synthesis and Cytotoxicity of Kaempferia pandurata Roxb. Extract to the Growth of MDA-MB-231 Breast Cancer Cell Line}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {12}, year = {2020}, month = {February 2020}, pages = {109-114}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {109}, abstract = {

Breast cancer is the most common cancer worldwide and in Indonesia. Kaempferia pandurata Roxb. is a herbal plant from South-East Asia which is known for its ability to inhibit the growth of Estrogen Receptor (ER) + breast cancer cell line from the former study. However, its effect on ER- breast cancer cell lines had not been studied. Therefore, we want to examine the cytotoxicity effect of K. pandurata Roxb. on ER- breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231). Nanoparticle is a form of preparation that optimizes the activity of any compound to the targeted cell. Therefore, it is expected that it can increase the effectivity of anticancer in Kaempferia pandurata Roxb. In this study, the rhizome of K. pandurata Roxb. trituration was dried and extracted with n-hexane solvent. Nanoparticle of K. pandurata Roxb. was synthesized with CaCl2, chitosan, and alginate by stirring with a magnetic stirrer, adjusting pH, and centrifugation. Then, nanoparticle was analized by UV/VIS spectrofotometry and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The cytotoxicity of K. pandurata Roxb. extract and nanoparticle were examined with MTT assay. The result of this test is data of inhibition percentage and IC50 value. The result showed that n-hexane extract of K. pandurata Roxb. is synthesized into nanoparticle form with 99,43\% yield percentage (entrapment value). Anticancer activity of n-hexane extract and nanoparticle of K. pandurata Roxb. is moderate with IC50 value of the extract is 87,23 μg/ml and the nanoparticle is 24,23 μg/ml. The nanoparticle{\textquoteright}s activity is better than the extract. n-Hexane extract and nanoparticle of K. pandurata Roxb. has cytotoxicity effects towards MDA-MB-231 cell line. Nanoparticle can increase the cytotoxicity effect of K. pandurata Roxb. extract because its hydrophobic feature and nanometer size.

}, keywords = {Breast cancer, Kaempferia pandurata Roxb., MDA-MB-231 cells, Nanoparticle, Temu Kunci}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2020.12.17}, author = {Risya Amelia Rahmawanti and Fadilah Fadilah and Brenda Cristie Edina and Lowilius Wiyono and Rafika Indah Paramita} } @article {730, title = {Cytotoxic Activity of Ethanol Extract of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Induced Ginger Rhizome on T47D Breast Cancer Cell Lines}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {10}, year = {2018}, month = {August 2018}, pages = {1133-1136}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {1133}, abstract = {

Objective: A study of investigate the cytotoxicity activity of ethanolic extract of ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) induced with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) against T47D cells line breast cancer have been conducted. Methods: Cytotoxicity were determined using the \“microtetrazolium (MTT) Assay\”, by measuring the activity of mitochondrial dehydrogenase in living cells that have ability to convert pale yellow of dissolved MTT to purple formazan product. The extract used at various concentration (0.1, 1.0, 10 and 100 \μg / mL. The level of cytotoxic actifity was determined by calculating the inhibitory concentration (IC50) value that was based on the precentage of cell death after 24 h treatment with the extract. The change of cell morphology were observed by using inverted microscope. Results: The statistic results proved that ethanol extract of AMF induced ginger rhizome could barriers T47D breast cancers significantly at concentrations of 10 \μg / mL and 100 ug / mL, with IC50 value was 12.5 \± 3.73 \μg / mL. centration of 0.1 \μg / mL, 1.0 \μg / mL, 10 \μg / mL and 100 mg / mL. Results of statistical analysis showed that the ethanol extract of ginger rhizome induced AMF at a concentration of 10 \μg / mL and 100 \μg / mL was able to inhibit the growth of breast cancer cells T47D significantly. Conclusion: The results showed the ethanol extract of AMF induced ginger rhizome was potential as herbal medicine for cancer-related ailments with IC50 value was 12.5 \± 3.73 \μg / mL.

}, keywords = {AMF, Breast cancer, Cytotoxicity, Ginger, MTT Assay, T47D}, doi = {xx10.5530/pj.2018.6.193}, author = {Netty Suharty and Fatma Sri Wahyuni and Dachriyanus} } @article {219, title = {Cytotoxicity of Fucoidan from Three Tropical Brown Algae Against Breast and Colon Cancer Cell Lines}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {9}, year = {2017}, month = {December 2016}, pages = {14-20}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {14}, abstract = {

Introduction: Fucoidan is a sulfated polysaccharide that has a wide range of bioactivities including anti-cancer. This polysaccharide commonly is extracted from marine brown seaweed. There is lack of information on the fucoidan extracted from tropical brown algae and its anti-cancer activity. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to purify fucoidan from Sargassum sp., Turbinaria sp. and Padina sp., and to evaluate their cytotoxicity against breast cancer (MCF-7) and colon cancer cells (WiDr). Materials and Methods: Fucoidan extraction was conducted by using acid extraction method. Purified fucoidans were obtained by DEAE cellulose column chromatography and confirmed by HPLC and FT-IR spectrometry. The cytotoxicity was evaluated by using the MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl] -2,5- diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. Results: Fucoidan from Sargassum sp. and Turbinaria sp. showed low cytotoxicity with IC50 ranging between 461-663 \μg/mL. Higher cytotoxicity against MCF-7 and WiDr was showed by fucoidan from Padina sp. with IC50 of 144 and 118 \μg/mL, respectively. While its IC50 against Vero cells was 501 \μg/mL.Standard fucoidan from Fucus vesiculosus exhibited IC50 of 60, 63 and 211 \μg/mL against MCF-7, WiDr and Vero Cells, respectively. Although the IC50 was higher than that of standard fucoidan, Padina sp. fucoidan showed cytotoxicity comparable with standard fucoidan at concentrations below 100 \μg/mL. Conclusion: These results indicated that Padina sp.fucoidan showed potential selective cytotoxicity, and promising for the development of an anti-cancer compound.

}, keywords = {Breast cancer, Colon cancer, Cytotoxicity., Fucoidan, Phaeophyta}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2017.1.3}, author = {Alim Isnansetyo and Fadilah Nor Laili Lutfia and Muhammad Nursid and Trijoko and Ratna Asmah Susidarti} } @article {416, title = {Triptolide Mediated Amelioration of Breast Cancer via Modulation of Molecular Pathways}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {9}, year = {2017}, month = {September 2017}, pages = {838-845}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {838}, abstract = {

Triptolide is the main bioactive molecule isolated from a root extract of Tripterigium wilfordii Hook F. of Celastraceae family. Chemically, it is a diterpenoid triepoxide molecule and its chemical formula is C20H24O6. Its five-membered unsaturated lactone ring (D-ring) is crucial for anti-tumor potential and carbonyl group at C-18 position is essential to exert important influence on the interaction between triptolide and the targeted protein(s). It is bio-synthesized from deoxy-D-xylullose-5-phosphate (DOXP) pathway in the cell. Triptolide can induce apoptosis in a number of breast cancer cells by up-regulating different pro-apoptotic and down-regulating different anti-apoptotic molecules. In vitro experiments indicate that it can down regulate several cell cycle related genes and induces S-phase cell cycle arrest. Triptolide treatment can also modulate the expression of different cell signaling molecules, e.g. ERK, NF-\κB, FAK, VEGF, \β-catenin, AKT etc. In vivo experiments indicate that triptolide can effectively reduce breast tumor growth in the mouse model. Apart from the single drug treatment, triptolide can effectively be applied in combination therapy. Application of Triptolide with other chemotherapeutic drugs, very efficiently check the proliferation of tumor cells which reduces the effective concentration of the commercially available drugs thus reducing their toxic sideeffects. Although triptolide is very effective against a number of diseases, its higher degree of multi-organ toxicity limits its use of further clinical trial. Therefore, to reduce the toxic effects, a number of strategies have been developed which increase its water solubility and at the same time decrease the toxic effect. In this review article, we have addressed how triptolide participates in the antitumor processes in breast cancer cells.

}, keywords = {Apoptosis, Breast cancer, Cytotoxicity, Molecular pathway., Tripterigium wilfordii, Triptolide}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2017.6.131}, url = {http://fulltxt.org/article/184}, author = {Swadesh Sarkar and Santanu Paul} } @article {117, title = {Inhibition of MDR1 in mammary cell carcinoma reverses Multidrug Resistance by SOCS1}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {8}, year = {2016}, month = {09/2015}, pages = {103-112}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {103}, abstract = {

Introduction: Suppressors of cytokine signalling (SOCS1), a newly indentified antiapoptotic molecule is a downstream effector of the receptor tyrosine kinase-Ras signalling pathway. Current study has uncovered that SOCS1 may have wide and imperative capacities, particularly because of its close correlation with malignant tumors. Methods: To investigate the impact of SOCS1 on MDR, we analyzed the expression of P-gp and SOCS1 by immunohistochemistry and found there was positive correlation between them. At that point we effectively interfered with RNA translation by the contamination of siRNA of SOCS1 into MCF7/ ADM breast cancer cell lines through a lentivirus, and the expression of the target gene was significantly inhibited. Results: After RNAi the drug resistance was reduced altogether and the expression of MDR1 mRNA and P-gp in MCF7/ADM cell lines demonstrated a significant decrease. Likewise the expression of P53 protein increased in a statistically significant manner (p\≤0.01) after RNAi exposure. Moreover, flow cytometry analysis uncovers that cell cycle and anti-apoptotic enhancing capacity of cells changed after RNAi treatment. Conclusion: These outcomes proposed SOCS1 may take part in breast cancer MDR by managing MDR1 and P53 expression, changing cell cycle and enhancing the anti-apoptotic ability of cells.

}, keywords = {Breast cancer, MDR1gene, Multidrug resistance, RNA interference., SOCS1 gene}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2016.2.2}, author = {Debasish Pradhan and Gitanjali Tripathy and Rakesh Kumar Pradhan and Shaktiprasad Pradhan and Soumyashree Rupambika Moharana} } @article {126, title = {Medicinal Plants for Treatment of Cancer: A Brief Review}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {8}, year = {2016}, month = {December 2015}, pages = {87-102}, type = {Review Article}, chapter = {87}, abstract = {

Cancer is actually a group of many related diseases that all have to do with cells. Cancer cells are characterized by unregulated growth, as well as insufficient and inappropriate vascular supply. Moreover, a core of cells was subjected to micro environmental stress conditions, and has decreased apoptotic potential through genetic alterations, thereby resulting in resistance to apoptosis. Cancer is one of the major causes of death worldwide where the number of cancer patients is in continuous rise. Cancer is a major public problem whose estimated worldwide new incidence is about 6 million cases per year. It is the second major cause of deaths after cardiovascular diseases. Chemotherapy remains the principal mode of treatment for various cancers. A number of synthetic anticancer drugs are available in practice, but the side effects and the drug interactions are major drawbacks in its clinical utility. Most of the currently used chemotherapy drugs for cancers are known to develop resistance, exhibit non-selective toxicity against normal cells and restrict by dose-limiting side effects. Hence, cancer treatment and development of drugs for this disease remains a major clinical challenge. On the other hand, plants are an exceptionally viable source of biologically active natural products which may serve as commercially significant entities in themselves or which may provide lead structures for the development of modified derivatives possessing enhanced activity and/or reduced toxicity in traeatment of cancer. Herbal medicines are now attracting attention as potential sources of anticancer agents and are widely used due to availability of the materials, affordability, relatively cheap and little or no side effects, wide applicability and therapeutic efficacy which in turn has accelerated the scientific research. For these reasons, World Health Organization (WHO) supports the use of traditional medicines which are efficacious and non toxic. In this review we have summarized few plants having anticancer activity.

}, keywords = {Allopathic Drugs, Breast cancer, Cancer, Cancer Cell Lines., Chemotherapy, Medicinal Plants.}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2016.2.1}, author = {Sonika Jain and Jaya Dwivedi and Pankaj Kumar Jain and Swaha Satpathy and Arjun Patra} }