@article {1231, title = {Cytotoxicity of Lactobacillus plantarum KK518 Isolated from Pak-Sian Dong (Thai Fermented Gynandropsis pentaphylla DC.) Against HepG2, MCF-7 and HeLa Cancer Cells}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {12}, year = {2020}, month = {August 2020}, pages = {1050-1057}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {1050}, abstract = {

Background: Pak-Sian Dong is a fermented vegetable product of Thailand prepared from aerial parts of Pak-Sian (Gynandropsis pentaphylla DC.). Lactobacillus plantarum KK518 was isolated from Pak-Sian Dong and already assessed for its probiotic attributes. Objective: The aim of this work was to determine the untapped cytotoxic effects of L. plantarum KK518 extract against HepG2 (liver cancer), MCF-7 (breast cancer) and HeLa (cervical cancer) cells. Materials and Methods: The bacterial extracts were prepared from whole cultures; containing cells and broths using ethyl acetate as extracting solvent and the dried extracts were redissolved in ethanol before use. Cytotoxic, antiproliferative and antimigratory effects of the bacterial extracts on three types of cancer cells were determined using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2, 5-diphenyltetra zolium bromide (MTT) assay, clonogenic formation and wound healing assays, respectively. Results: L. plantarum KK518 extract showed the highest cytotoxicity at 90.88\% at 1,000 μg/mL against HeLa cells (IC50 of 371.97 μg/mL) over 48 h of exposure. Anti-colony formation test showed that the bacterial extracts at 600, 800 and 1,000 μg/mL over 48 h led to a complete inhibition of colony formation of HeLa cells; however the highest IC50 of 418.52 μg/mL was found in HepG2 cells suggesting that HepG2 was least affected by bacterial extract. Likewise, HepG2 cells seemed to be most resistant to antimigratory effects as observed by highest relative area of the wound at most time intervals and most extract concentrations. Conclusion: L. plantarum KK518 offers a potential use as a bio-therapeutic with chemopreventive effects against cervical, breast and liver cancers.

}, keywords = {HeLa, HepG2, L. plantarum KK518, MCF-7, Pak-Sian-Dong}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2020.12.148}, author = {Vijitra Luang-In and Worachot Saengha and Benjaporn Buranrat and Sutisa Nudmamud-Thanoi and Arjan Narbad and Supaporn Pumriw and Wannee Samappito} } @article {1163, title = {Cytotoxicity of Selenium-Enriched Chinese Kale (Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra L.) Seedlings Against Caco-2, MCF-7 and HepG2 Cancer Cells}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {12}, year = {2020}, month = {June 2020}, pages = {674-681}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {674}, abstract = {

Background: The Selenium-enriched Chinese kale (Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra L.) seedlings (Se-KS) have been known for its antioxidant activities, however its cytotoxic effects on various cancer cells are yet to be reported. Objective: The objective of this work was to study the cytotoxic effects of Se-KS on Caco-2, MCF-7 and HepG2 cancer cells. Materials and Methods: Freeze-dried seedlings were ground and incubated in 0.1 M citrate phosphate buffer pH 7.0 for 1 h at 37{\textdegree}C and extracted with dichloromethane to obtain total isothiocyanate (ITC) content which was quantified using the 1,2-benzenedithiole (BDT)-based cyclocondensation assay. The extracts from fresh seedlings were used to determine the cytotoxic effect on Caco- 2, MCF-7 and HepG2 cancer cells. Results: Se-KS was found to contain total ITC content at 1.02 mmol/100 g dry weight (DW) which was significantly lower than that of 7-day old broccoli microgreens (1.60 mmol/100 g DW) as reference Cruciferous vegetables. In addition, Se-KS extract exhibited cytotoxic effects in a dose- and time-dependent manners. The lowest IC50 value of 82.83 μg/mL at 72 h was derived from HepG2 cells and the highest IC50 value of 164.00 μg/mL at 72 h was from MCF-7 cells suggesting that the Se-KS extract was most effective against HepG2 cells. Cancer cells showed signs of apoptotic bodies over 72 h and DNA fragmentations at 24 h indicating that the Se-KS extract was able to induce apoptosis in cancer cells in addition to cytotoxic effect. Conclusion: Thus, Se-KS could be a novel source of organo selenium with chemopreventive benefits for functional food development.

}, keywords = {Caco-2, HepG2, Isothiocyanate, Kale, MCF-7, Selenium}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2020.12.99}, author = {Vijitra Luang-In and Worachot Saengha and Benjaporn Buranrat and Anut Chantiratikul and Nyuk Ling Ma} } @article {487, title = {Characteristics of Thai Pigmented Rice Milk Kefirs with Potential as Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Foods}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {10}, year = {2018}, month = {December 2017}, pages = {154-161}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {154}, abstract = {

Aims: The characteristics, antioxidant property of Hawm Nil rice (Purple rice), Red Hawm rice (Red rice), Khao Dawk Mali 105 rice (White rice) milk kefirs and mixing of three color rice milk kefir in different ratios were investigated. Then, anti-inflammatory activity of Hawm Nil rice kefir was studied. Methodology: The physiochemical properties, total phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities of these rice milk kefirs were investigated. Anti-inflammatory measurements were performed to study blood chemistry, hematological values and tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a) level in colitis rats compared with rats treated with prednisolone (positive control) and cow\’s milk kefir. Results: All the rice kefir formulas had lower pH values than the cow\’s milk kefir. Moreover, they all exhibited no changing viscosity. Lactic acid concentrations increased in cow\’s milk kefir during 24-48 h. Alcohol concentrations in all the rice formulas increased within 24-48 h, while cow\’s milk only increased at 72 h. Antioxidant activity, most of the rice milk kefirs had antioxidant activity higher than cow\’s milk by DPPH assay. In addition, the Hawm Nil rice milk kefir had high antioxidant activity by DPPH assay and FRAP assay. Blood chemistry, hematological values and tumor necrosis factor-\α (TNF-\α) levels in colitis rats treated with Hawm Nil rice milk kefir did not differ from those treated with prednisolone and cow\’s milk kefir. TNF-\α in the serum of colitis rats treated with Hawm Nil rice milk kefir was significantly reduced when compared to the PBS buffer. Conclusion: The findings indicated that color rice kefirs may offer protection against chemically induced tissue injury. Hawm Nil rice milk kefir exerted potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities and was safe for human consumption. Other Thai colored rice will be used to develop Thai rice milk kefir products as new and antioxidant-rich beverages and functional foods for human health benefits in the future.

}, keywords = {Anti-inflammatory, Antioxidant, Lactic acid, Rice kefir, Thai color rice}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2018.1.26}, url = {http://fulltxt.org/article/412}, author = {Sirirat Deeseenthum and Vijitra Luang-In and Supaporn Chunchom} } @article {704, title = {Effects of Kefir Fermentation on Antioxidation Activities (in vitro) and Antioxidative Stress (in vivo) of Three Thai Rice Milk Varieties Prepared by Ultrasonication Technique}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {10}, year = {2018}, month = {August 2018}, pages = {1061-1066}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {1061}, abstract = {

Aims: The effects of kefir fermentation were investigated on antioxidation activities (in vitro) and antioxidative stress (in vivo) for different Thai rice; Hawm Nil rice, Red Hawm rice and Khao Dawk Mali 105 rice. Methodology: Antioxidant activity (in vitro) was investigated using ferric reducing antioxidant power and 2, 2\´-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assays. In addition, antioxidative stress (in vivo) was performed using colitis rat models to study nitric oxide (NO), lipid peroxidation (LPO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) compared with rats treated with prednisolone and cow\’s milk kefir. Results: Antioxidant activity of rice kefir powder from both assays had higher antioxidant activity than cow\’s milk kefir powder. NO levels of colitis rats received Hawm Nil rice kefir powder (HNKP) was reduced when compared to phosphate buffered saline (PBS) group. Moreover, colitis rats received HNKP did not differ in NO levels from colitis rats that received prednisolone and non-colitis rats. The result of LPO product malondialdehyde (MDA) indicated that colitis rats treated with HNKP had reduced TBARS compared to PBS group, and did not differ in TBARS levels from rats that received prednisolone and non-colitis rats. Surprisingly, increase in SOD activity was observed in colitis rats that received HNKP compared to PBS, with similar results of increased SOD in rats that received prednisolone and cow\’s milk kefir powder. Conclusion: Hawm Nil rice kefir may offer a protective effect for antioxidative stress resulting from chemical induction; it has potential as a supplementary food with high antioxidant activity and is regarded as safe for consumer health.

}, keywords = {Antioxidant, Antioxidative stress, Lactic acid, Rice kefir, Thai rice}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2018.5.179}, author = {Sirirat Deeseenthum and Vijitra Luang-In and Stephen Moses John and Pheeraya Chottanom and Supaporn Chunchom} }