@article {1131, title = {Anatomical Characteristics of Leaves and Flowers of Cornus sanguine subsp. australis (C.A.Mey.) Jav.}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {12}, year = {2020}, month = {May 2020}, pages = {448-451}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {448}, abstract = {

Introduction: Cornus sanguinea subsp. australis (C.A.Mey.) Jav. is a widespread plant of the Caucasus (Russia). This is a small decorative tree with a large mass of raw material of leaves and flowers, which contain phenolic compounds. Currently, this plant is used in traditional medicine in some countries. Materials and Methods: C. australis leaves, and flowers were collected during the flowering period on the Mount Mashuk in Pyatigorsk, Stavropol region, Russia in June 2019. The anatomical structure of C. australis is considered in accordance with the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia XIV. Results: There are heavily sinuous walls of cells of the upper and lower epidermis in microscopy of the leaves of C. australis, stomatal anomocytic type, Т-shaped trichomes, two types of mesophyll: palisade and spongy. In the vascular system of the leaf and petiole, there are two vascular bundles: small and larger. In the small vascular bundle, the xylem is located from the abaxial surface, the phloem {\textendash} from the adaxial surface, in the big vascular bundle on the contrary. The lower epidermis of the petal and sepal is covered with T-shaped trichomes. Conclusion: Obtained anatomical signs are necessary for identification, authenticity, standardization for the use of C. australis as raw materials for pharmaceutical purposes.

}, keywords = {Collenchyma, Cornus sanguinea subsp. australis (C.A.Mey.) Jav., Cross-section, Mesophyll, Stomatal anomocytic type, Vascular bundle, Т-shaped trichomes}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2020.12.69}, author = {Victoria Vladimirovna Fedotova and Dmitry Alexeevich Konovalov} } @article {748, title = {Essential Oil and Anatomical Study of Flowers Solidago caucasica Kem.-Nath.}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {10}, year = {2018}, month = {November 2018}, pages = {s63-s65}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {s63}, abstract = {

Introduction: Plant Solidago caucasica Kem.-Nath. (Asteraceae) is studied by us for the first time. We have established its diuretic and antimicrobial action. The study of essential oil and the anatomical structure of S. caucasica flowers is presented for the first time in this article. Materials and Methods: S. caucasica flowers were collected at the beginning of flowering in the botanical garden of the Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute. Essential oil was obtained by hydro distillation. The component composition of the essential oil was studied by liquid chromatography\–mass spectrometry. Results: The main components of essential oil and microscopic diagnostic signs of S. caucasica flowers were established. Solidago caucasica flowers contain 0.57\% essential oil. It contains humulene epoxide H (-)-spathulenol, \β-linalool, \α-terpinol, trans-geraniol, carvacrol and others. Numerous pappus hairs meet in the microscopy of the flower. Ligulate florets are characterized by round chromoplasts, covering trichomes multicellular. Epidermal cells of the tubular florets have polygonal chromoplasts, trichomes, consisting of several cells fused with each other, covering trichomes with a thick wall and a thin cavity inside. On the epidermis of the involucre there are stomata of anomocytic type, glandular trichomes, trichomes cone-shaped, trichomes wide and essential oil glands. Conclusion: The obtained standards will provide referential information for correct identification, purity, standardization and preparation of monograph of S. caucasica.

}, keywords = {Chromoplasts, Humulene epoxide, Pathulenol, Solidago caucasica Kem.-Nath., Trichomes}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2018.6s.12}, author = {Victoria Vladimirovna Fedotova and Dmitry Alexeevich Konovalov} }