@article {2058, title = {Effectivity of Patch Herbal Mixture Composed of Mangosteen Peel Extract and Bacterial Cellulose for Wound Healing}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {15}, year = {2023}, month = {June 2023}, pages = {461-466}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {461}, abstract = {

Indonesia has a very abundant production of mangosteen, which places at the 14th largest mangosteen production in the world. High mangosteen production affects the amount of mangosteen peel waste. On the other hand, mangosteen peel has been identified as a rich source in health benefits and has proven to be antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and anti-carcinogenic. Traditionally, one of the conventional medicines used in wound dressings or infection medicine. It can be a possibility for patch wound healing development, especially for diabetic ulcers with an open wound, wetness, chronic infections, and high inflammation. This research aims to innovate wound dressings (patch) that contain active compounds from mangosteen peel as herbs with many active compounds to enhance the wound healing process with low toxic side effects. The patch developed from organic material from bacterial cellulose. The research was carried out with the initial process of making patches from bacterial cellulose (BC), then adding mangosteen peel extract as patch dressing with different concentrations (0\%, 1\%, 2\%, 5\%, and 10\% v/v). Furthermore, the patch was applied to the injured Wistar rat, for 15 days. The wound area was measured using Image-J. The results of measuring the wound area showed significant wound improvement every day at each dose of the mangosteen patch compared with the control group. The optimum dose that appears to be different from the control is 10\% v/v mangosteen peel extract which has been able to leave 3\% of the wound area on the 15th day.

}, keywords = {Bacterial cellulose, Herbal compound, Mangosteen peel extract, Patch dressing, Wound treatment.}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2023.15.102}, author = {Marisca Evalina Gondokesumo and Yulanda Antonius and Yuana Elly Agustin} } @article {2098, title = {Quantitative Analysist of Ethnomedicinal Practice and Used by the Banceuy Tribe in Subang Village of Indonesia}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {15}, year = {2023}, month = {August 2023}, pages = {655-667}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {655}, abstract = {

Background: The people of Banceuy, Indonesia have used plants for traditional medicine treatment for generation to generation. However, this local knowledge has not been recorded until today. The quantitative approach of ethnomedicinal documented show the usefulness of plant. More application medicinal plant, more pharmacological reported, more drug discovery potential development. This study aims to understanding the utilization of plants for medicinal treatment by the people of Banceuy tribe, Subang village, Indonesia. Methods: We conducted semi-structured interviews with a total of 35 informants that representative 10\% of the total family units in Banceuy. The data has been analysed within species use value (SUV), family use value (FUV), plant part use (PPU), and the relative frequency of citation that was calculated based on fidelity level (FL). Result: We found 91 identified species and 3 unidentified species belonging of 41 group of families to treat 26 types of diseases. Among the recorded, Zingiberaceae and Piperaceae were the most abundant. The plant specieses with the highest SUV were Abelmoschus manihot (L.) Medik. (0.74) and Ageratum conyzoides L. (0.71). The leaves were found as the most used plant part and decoction was the dominant plants in medicinal administration. There were several unique traditional medicine treatments in Banceuy, such as tuak for cough ailment and post-partum treatment by mixed leaves concoction. Finally, all the data documented would be importance for new drug discovery, dried herbal market, as well as improving the society local income.

}, keywords = {Banceuy tribe, Plant part use, Species and family use value, Traditional medicine treatment}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2023.15.134}, author = {Marisca Evalina Gondokesumo and Silmi Qurrotu Aini and Siti Rahmadani} } @article {1647, title = {The Potential Interaction of Ethionamide-Thyroid Hormone Receptor Induces Hypothyroidism}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {13}, year = {2021}, month = {September 2021}, pages = {1174-1179}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {1174}, abstract = {

Background: Hypothyroidism is a common side effect found in patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis taking ethionamide. The mechanism of ethionamide-induced hypothyroidism is potentially caused by the structure of ethionamide compounds chemically similar to thioamide, such as propylthiouracil (C7H8N2S), which inhibits thyroid hormone synthesis. However, hypothyroidism is caused not only by a lack of production but also by signaling alteration. Thyroid hormone action is mediated by thyroid hormone receptors (TRs), members of the nuclear receptor superfamily that regulate their target genes. Unfortunately, there are limited studies on the potential interaction of ethionamide with TRs. Objective: In the present study, we want to elaborate on the potential interaction of ethionamide with TRs which might alter the thyroid hormone genomic regulation. Methods: Molecular docking studies were used to evaluate the potential interaction between ethionamide with TRα and TRβ. Results: The molecular docking results on TRα showed more than one hydrogen bond{\textendash}steric interaction formed from the ethionamide{\textendash}amino acid residue interaction. Ethionamide{\textendash}TRβ interaction showed more than one steric interaction, but the hydrogen bonds are not visualized. The docking score between ethionamide and TRα is -7.373 kcal/ mol and higher than its interaction with TRβ. Conclusion: These findings indicate that ethionamide can interact with TRα and TRβ. However, the ethionamide{\textendash}TRα interaction is stronger than ethionamide{\textendash}TRβ interaction. Our study reports a novel mechanism of action of ethionamide-induced hypothyroidism.

}, keywords = {Ethionamide, Hypothyroidism, Molecular docking, TRα, TRβ}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2021.13.150}, author = {Ronny Lesmana and Firyali Rahmani Shidqi and Hanna Goenawan and Iwan Setiawan and Marisca Evalina Gondokesumo and Farida Suhud and Nasrul Wathoni} } @article {842, title = {Xanthones Analysis and Antioxidant Activity Analysis (Applying ESR) of Six Different Maturity Levels of Mangosteen Rind Extract (Garcinia mangostana Linn.)}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {11}, year = {2019}, month = {March 2019}, pages = {369-373}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {369}, abstract = {

Background: Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana Linn.) is tropical fruit that known to contain bioactive compounds which has particular function as antioxidants, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial. Mangosteen rind extract is known to have high contents of xanthone compounds which have antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities. This study was aiming to determine the contents of xanthone derivatives using Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and antioxidant activity of six different maturity levels of mangosteen rind extract using electron spin resonance (ESR). Method: Mangosteen was classified based on the maturity level by its visual characteristic and divided into six criteria of maturity. The mangosteen rinds were extracted through maceration and freeze drying method. Qualitative analysis of xanthone was obtained using LC-MS/MS. Antioxidant activity was determined using ESR spectrometer. To evaluate antioxidant activity, using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) was used as free radical scavenger method. Results: The LC-MS/MS analysis showed that the highest concentrations are filled by mangosteen rind with maturity level 6. Moreover, each maturity levels of mangosteen rind extract has different g value compared to DPPH free radical. Different g value indicated the different type of free radical and decreasing g value indicated the declining intensity of free radical. The higher decreasing of g value was mangosteen rind with maturity level 4, 5 and 6. Conclusion: Mangosteen rind extract contains xanthone and its derivatives and ESR analysis showed that different maturity levels on mangosteen rind has different antioxidant activity as indicated by declining free radical intensity.

}, keywords = {Antioxidant, Electron spin resonance (ESR), Free radical, Mangosteen rind extract, Xanthone Garcinia mangostana}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2019.11.56}, author = {Marisca Evalina Gondokesumo and Bambang Pardjianto and Sutiman Bambang Sumitro and Wahyu Widowati} }