@article {1072, title = {Composition and Genoprotective Effect of the Flavonoidal Content of Lepidium sativum L. Methanolic Seed Extract against Cyclophosphamide- Induced DNA Damage in Mice}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {12}, year = {2020}, month = {February 2020}, pages = {124-130}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {124}, abstract = {

Background: Lepidium sativum L. (Family Brassicaceae) is known to possess different pharmacological properties. Objective: The genoprotective role of flavonoids of L. sativum methanolic seed extract (LSF) against cyclophosphamide (CP)-induced DNA damage, in somatic and germ cells of mice, as well as characterization of the flavonoidal content were carried out in this study. Chromosomal aberration analysis in somatic and germ cells were also included. Materials and Methods: Six mice groups were used for this study. Group 1 served as a negative control. Group 2 received oral LSF (100 mg/kg b.wt.) for 5 consecutive days. Group 3 served as a positive control by receiving a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) CP dose (20 mg/kg b.wt.). The three other groups were orally administered 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg b.wt. LSF, respectively, for 5 consecutive days. On the last day of treatment, the three groups received i.p. injection of CP (20 mg/kg b.wt.). Flavonoids were identified using spectral analysis. Results: LSF inhibited DNA aberrations in mice caused by cyclophosphamide dose dependently in the three groups with significant difference in the two groups that received doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg b.wt. The chromosomal aberrations inhibitory indices were calculated as 18 and 31 in mice somatic cells and 27 and 48 in germ cells, respectively. LSF was found to contain the flavonoids kaempferol, quercetin, kaempferol-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside, kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, and quercetin-3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside. Conclusion: LSF inhibited the DNA damage induced by CP in somatic and germ cells of mice dose-dependently. The antioxidant properties associated with flavonoids might account for the genoprotective activity.

}, keywords = {antioxidant activity, Chromosomal abberations, Flavonoids, Lipidium sativum}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2020.12.19}, author = {Iman AA Kassem and Ayman A Farghaly and Neveen S Ghaly and Zeinab M Hassan and Marian Nabil} } @article {915, title = {Investigation of Secondary Metabolites and Cytotoxicity of Jacquemontia pentantha (Jacq.)}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {11}, year = {2019}, month = {July 2019}, pages = {718-723}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {718}, abstract = {

Introduction: The aim of this study is to isolate and identify sterols and terpenes from the chloroform/methanol extract (3:1) of aerial parts of Jacquemontia pentantha (Jacq.) and evaluation of cytotoxic activity of crude extract and phytol for the first time from this plant. Methods: Different chromatographic techniques for the aerial parts of Jacquemontia pentantha extract were used resulting in isolation of eight compounds. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods including 1HNMR, 13CNMR, EI/MS spectrometry and by comparing their data with those reported in the literature. The cytotoxicity was evaluated using MTT assay. The mode of action of the extract was predicted by using Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay Kit for Tubulin beta (TUBb). Results: Eight compounds for the first time from this plant were identified as Palmitic acid (1), Phytol (major) (2), Stigmast-4-en- 3-one (3), mixture of α-amyrin (4) and β{\textendash}amyrin (5), 1,6,10,14,18,22-Tetracosahexaen-3- ol,2,6,10,15,19,23-hexamethyl (all-E) (6) and mixture of α{\textendash} amyrin acetate (7) and β-amyrin acetate (8). The extract showed potent cytotoxic activity on MCF-7 breast carcinoma cell line as well as HCT-116 colon carcinoma cell line at different concentrations (100-6.25 ug/ml) with IC50 (21.8 {\textpm} 0.9) and (40.9 {\textpm} 1.3) respectively. Phytol showed potent cytotoxic activity on MCF-7 cell line at different concentrations (100-12.5 ug/ml) with IC50 (60 {\textpm} 2.4), while it had no cytotoxic effect on HCT-116 cell line. The extract showed significant TUBb polymerization inhibition activity. Conclusion: The extract of aerial parts of Jacquemontia pentantha (Jacq.) and also phytol compound has cytotoxic activity due to the presence of phytochemicals such as sterols and terpenes.

}, keywords = {Cytotoxic activity, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Jacquemontia pentantha, MTT Assay, Sterols, Terpenes}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2019.11.114}, author = {Dina M Eskander and Ezzel -Din A El-Khrisy and Mary H Grace and Marian Nabil and Mahmoud I Nassar and Marwa M Mounier} } @article {1030, title = {Two Triterpenoid Saponins with alpha-glucosidase Inhibitory Activity from Harpullia pendula Seed Extract}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {11}, year = {2019}, month = {November 2019}, pages = {1386-1390}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {1386}, abstract = {

Background: Harpullia pendula Planch (family Sapindaceae) is a small to medium rainforest tree native to Australia. Objective: This study aims to isolate triterpenoid saponins from H. pendula and test them as α-glucosidase inhibitors. Materials and Methods: The saponin compounds were obtained using variable chromatographic techniques and characterized by spectral analysis. Results: Two new triterpenoid saponins were obtained as an inseparable mixture from H. pendula methanolic seed extract. Their structures were determined as 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1{\textrightarrow}2)-[α-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1{\textrightarrow}3)]-βD-glucuronopyranosyl22-OangeloylA1- barrigenol and 3-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1{\textrightarrow}2)-[α-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1{\textrightarrow}3)]-β-Dglucuronopyranosyl 22-O-(2-methylbutyroyl)-A1 barrigenol, respectively. The triterpene part 22-O-(2-methyl butyroyl) A1-barrigenol has never been characterized before. The α- glucosidase inhibitory activity of the two saponin mixture was evaluated invitro and proved to exhibit strong activity with IC50 value equals to 13.3 {\textpm} 5.0 ppm and IC90 value equals to 21.5 {\textpm} 8.0 ppm. Conclusion: Two new saponins were characterized from their mixture and found to exhibit α-glucosidase inhibitory activity.

}, keywords = {Harpullia pendula, Sapindaceae, Triterpenoid saponins}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2019.11.214}, author = {Marian Nabil and Neveen S Ghaly and Iman AA Kassem and Mary H Grace and Farouk R Melek} }