@article {2111, title = {Immunostimulating Activity of Sungkai Leaf Stigmasterol Isolate against Cluster Differentiated 8+ T (CD8+T) from Covid 19 Disease Exposure}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {15}, year = {2023}, month = {October 2023}, pages = {738-742}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {738}, abstract = {

Objective: Covid 19 is a disease that infects cells in the airway lining the alveoli. This disease is caused by a virus named SarsCoV2. One way to handle it is to increase immunity. The body itself consists of immune system organs. One component of the immune system that is very important in protecting the body against the SARS-Cov-2 virus attack is Cluster of Differentiation 8+ T (CD8+T). CD8+T is one of the components of the adaptive immune system or often known as the specific immune system and is cytotoxic, so it is called Cluster of Differentiation8 +T. One of the plants used by the community to increase endurance is Sungkai (Peronema canescens Jack.). This study aims to see its activity against Cluster of Differentiation 8+ T (CD8+T). Methods: Sungkai leaf powder was extracted using 70\% ethanol solvent and evaporated using a rotary evaporator to obtain ethanol extract and fractionated with n-hexanes and isolated to obtain active isolates of sungkai leaves against the immune system. Isolates obtained from the isolation of the active fraction of n hexanes that have been tested as immunostimulants in previous studies. This study used test animals, namely male white mice of the wistar strain as many as 30 mice consisting of 5 heads for each group. Group I is a control group that is not given treatment and groups II, III, IV, V and VI are given exposure to the Sars CoV2 virus antigen that causes Covid 19 disease, namely using one of the Covid19 vaccines, namely the 0.0013 mL Moderna vaccine which is given Intra Muscular. Groups II, III, IV, V are treatment groups induced with Sars CoV2 antigen and given a test preparation, namely sungkai leaf isolate with 3 dose variations, namely 1, 10 and 100 mg/kg bw given orally, and group VI was given stimuno 50 mg/kgbw as a comparison. Results: From the results of immunostimulant testing of sungkai leaf isolate, it was found that stigmasterol has an immunostimulant effect in increasing Cluster of Differentiation 8 + T (CD8 + T) in the body given SARS-CoV-2 virus antigen. Significant results were seen in the 100 mg/kg bw dose group which increased CD8+T by 53.93 ng/dl. Based on statistical tests conducted in the form of ANOVA tests, CD8+T also showed significant differences with a significance value of \<0.05. Conclusion: Stigmasterol isolate of sungkai leaf has the effect of increasing Cluster of Differentiation 8+ T (CD8+T) levels in the body given exposure to SARS-CoV 2 virus antigens.

}, keywords = {Cluster of Differentiation 8+ T (CD8+T), Immunostimulant., SARS-CoV-2, Stigmasterol, Sungkai}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2023.15.145}, author = {Dwisari Dillasamola and Fatma Sri Wahyuni and Rauza Sukma Rita and Yufri Aldi} } @article {1840, title = {Immunostimulating Study of Active Agent Fraction from Sungkai (Peronema canescens Jack.) Leaf from SARS-COV-2 Virus Antigen Exposure to NK and CD8+T Cells}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {14}, year = {2022}, month = {August 2022}, pages = {344-351}, type = {Original Article }, chapter = {344}, abstract = {

Introduction: Sungkai (Peronema canescens Jack.) plant had been used as an immune system enhancer. Aim: In this study, the effect of Sungkai leaf extracts from 4 different fractions, namely n-hexane, ethyl acetate, butanol and residual water with 3 variations in doses of 1,10 and 100 mg/kg bw on the activity of NK and CD8+T cells in male white mice that have been exposed to SARS-Cov-2 virus antigen was investigated. Methods: The experimental animals used were 60 animals divided into 12 groups with 14 days of treatment which had previously been induced with SARS-Cov-2 virus antigen (Moderna) and given with Sungkai leaf extracts for 14 days and evaluated on day 15. The evaluation results of NK cells concentrations sequentially were 2.96; 4.66; 5.38; 5.43; 4.05; 2.89; 3.56; 4.21; 2.88; 1.99; 2.07; 4.40; 3.21; 3.40; and 6.93 ng/ml. On the other hand, the evaluation results of CD8+T cells concentrations sequentially were 27.47; 28.96; 29.19; 27.90; 21.85; 25.79; 27.98; 23.50; 23.39; 26.56; 22.62; 25.19; 23,55; 26,75; and 29,69 ng/ml. One-way ANOVA and Duncan test were used for the data analysis. Results: The results showed significant increase of concentration (p\<0.05) towards concentration of NK cells in the butanol fraction at a dose of 1 mg/kg BW and CD8+T cells in the residual water fraction at a dose of 100 mg/kg BW. Conclusion: It can be concluded that fraction from sungkai (Peronema canescens Jack.) at doses of 1,10 and 100 mg/kg bw shows immunostimulatory activity.

}, keywords = {CD8+T Cells, NK Cells, Peronema canescens Jack., SARS-CoV-2}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2022.14.105}, author = {Dwisari Dillasamola and Fatma Sri Wahyuni and Rauza Sukma Rita and Dachriyanus and Yohanes Alen and Salman Umar and Yufri Aldi} } @article {1376, title = {Anti-inflammatory Activity of Pegagan Embun (Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam.) Plant Extract on Topical Application}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {13}, year = {2021}, month = {March 2021}, pages = {411-417}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {411}, abstract = {

Introduction: Pegagan embun (Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam.) is traditionally known to have many benefits, including anti-inflammatory. Aims: This study aimed to determine the activity of ethanol extract of Pegagan Embun as an anti-inflammatory using the granuloma pouch method. Methods: This experiment used 25 male white mice and were divided into five groups, namely, the positive control group, Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. extract group with concentration 0.5\%; 1\%; 2\%, and the comparison group that given Kaltrofen{\textregistered} gel containing 2.5\% ketoprofen. Experimental animals were given carrageenan 2\% to induced the inflammation subcutaneously. The dosage form was given as much as 0.2 g topically for four days once a day. Results: Based on the results of one-way ANOVA analysis and Duncan{\textquoteright}s test, there were significant differences in exudate volume and total leukocytes (p\<0.05) in the positive control group, extract with concentration 0.5\%, 1\%, 2\%, and the comparator. While the percentage of leukocyte cells showed that they were not significantly different (p\>0.05), the number of neutrophil cells decreased. Conclusion: From the overall data obtained, it can be concluded that the extract of Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. at concentration 0.5 \%; 1\%; 2\%, has an anti-inflammatory effect.

}, keywords = {Anti-inflammatory, Exudate, Gel, Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam., Ketoprofen, Leukocytes}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2021.13.52}, author = {Afriwardi and Rahmatul Nazmi and Dwisari Dillasamola and Elsa Badriyya and Yufri Aldi} } @article {1337, title = {The Effect of Giving Red-fleshed Watermelon Juice (Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.)) on Pregnant White Mice (Mus Musculus) Exposed by Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) Orally on the Number and Morphology of Fetus}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {13}, year = {2021}, month = {January 2021}, pages = {97-102}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {97}, abstract = {

Introduction: Infertility can occur due to the presence of free radicals. One of the most popular of free radical is monosodium glutamate. Free radicals from monosodium glutamate can be prevented by antioxidant compounds. Red-fleshed-fleshed watermelon is a fruit that contains antioxidant compound such as lycopene. Aim: This research was conducted to see the effect of red-fleshed-fleshed watermelon juice on the fetus including number, morphology, visual abnormalities and body weight of pregnant white mice exposed to monosodium glutamate solution orally. Total of 25 female white mice aged around 2-3 months were used as test animals. Methods: Pregnant white mice were divided into 5 test groups. Group I and II served as negative controls (whithout treatment) and positive controls (exposed to monosodium glutamate solution orally at dose of 1g/kgBW). Group III was given a solution of monosodium glutamate orally at dose of 1 g/KgBW added red-fleshed-fleshed watermelon juice at dose of 1.4 g/kgBW. Group IV was given solution of monosodium glutamate orally at dose of 1 g/KgBW added red-fleshed-fleshed watermelon juice at dose of 4.2 g/kgBW. The research data were processed using the one-way ANNOVA test. Results: The result showed that mice body weight, fetal number and morphology (body weight, body length, tail length, and head diameter) did not significantly influence (p\>0.05). However, it significantly affected the weight gain of mice during pregnancy. However, it significantly affected the weight gain of mice during pregnancy day 6 to day 17 of pregnancy (p\<0.05) and found abnormalities in the fetus such as low birth weight (LBW) and haemorrhage in group II and III. Conclusion: It can be concluded that watermelon juice at dose of 2.8 g/kgBW and 4.2 g/kgBW are effective in ward offfree radicals from monosodium glutamate orally at dose of 1 g/kgBW.

}, keywords = {Fetus, Infertility, Lycopene, Monosodium glutamate, Red-fleshed watermelon}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2021.13.14}, author = {Dwisari Dillasamola and Fitri Rachmaini and Dian Ayu Juwita and Rini Haryati} } @article {1606, title = {Ethanol Extract Activity of Pegagan Embun (Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides L.) Against Hematopoietic on Anemic Male White Mice}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {13}, year = {2021}, month = {July 2021}, pages = {866-873}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {866}, abstract = {

Introduction: Pegagan embun (Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides L.) is known to have many benefits, including as a blood booster. This study aims to determine the activity of pegagan embun (Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides L.) on the formation of red blood cells. The parameters include the number of erythrocytes, reticulocytes, hemoglobin levels, and hematocrit values in anemic male white mice induced by chloramphenicol 130 mg/kg for 14 days. Methods: Anemic mice consisted of 4 groups, namely the first group was given physiological NaCl, the second, third, and fourth groups were given ethanol extract of pegagan embun (Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides L.) at a dose of 10, 50 and 100 mg/kgper oral every day, for 14 days. Observations were made on days 0, 14, 21, and 28. Results: The results showed that administration of pegagan embun extracts at a dose of 10, 50, and 100 mg/kgto anemic male white mice significantly increase the number of erythrocyte cells, the number of reticulocytes, the hemoglobin levels, and the hematocrit values (p \<0.05). Increasing the dose and duration of pegagan embun extract administration could provide a more significant increase in the hematopoietic parameters (p \<0.05). Conclusion:It can be concluded that the extract of pegagan embun (Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides L.) can be used to treat anemia in male white mice.

}, keywords = {erythrocytes, Extract of Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides L., Hematocrit, Hemoglobin, Reticulocytes}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2021.13.111}, author = {Elidahanum Husni and Dwisari Dillasamola and Elsa Badriyya and Resta Angelia and Yufri Aldi} } @article {1371, title = {Immunostimulatory Activities of Pegagan Embun (Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam.) in White Male Mice}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {13}, year = {2021}, month = {March 2021}, pages = {368-375}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {368}, abstract = {

Introduction: Pegagan embun (Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides L.) has many pharmacological activies, such as improving the immune system. Aim: This research aims to study the immunomodulatory effect of Pegagan embun herbs ethanol extract (Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides L.) determined by phagocytic activity and capacity of macrophages, total and percentage of leukocytes. Methods: 25 male white mice were divided into 5 equal groups. Negative control group were given Na CMC 0.5\%, the extract treated group were given Pegagan embun ethanol extract at doses of 10, 50, 200 mg/kgbw, and the positive control group was given Stimuno 50 mg/kgbw orally for 7 days. On the 8th day, the total and percentage of leukocytes were counted through blood sample taken intravenously. The mice were then induced with Staphylococcus aureus suspension. After one hour, the peritoneal fluids was taken to determine the macrophages activity and capacity. The macrophages phagocytic activity and capacity, total and percentage of leukocytes were analyzed by One-Way Anova followed by Duncan Multiple Range Test (p\<0.05). Results: The results show significant increase of concentration (p\<0.05) towards macrophages phagocytic activity and capacity, and total leukocytes count. Percentage of leukocytes show that lymphocytes increase significantly (p\<0.05), meanwhile neutrophils segments decrease significantly (p\<0.05). Conclusion: It can be concluded that ethanol extract of Pegagan embun herb at doses of 10, 50, 200 mg/kgbw shows immunostimulatory activity.

}, keywords = {Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam., Leukocytes, Macrophage, Phagocytosis, Staphylococcus aureus}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2021.13.47}, author = {Afriwardi and Yufri Aldi and Dwisari Dillasamola and Yolanda Alfiyyah Larakhansa and Elsa Badriyya} } @article {1640, title = {Myocardium Neutrophil Infiltration in Rat Model with Acute Myocardial Infarction Treated by Ramipril}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {13}, year = {2021}, month = {September 2021}, pages = {1116-1121}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {1116}, abstract = {

Introduction: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a cardiovascular disease that attacks myocardial cells due to long-standing ischemia. In AMI there is neutrophil infiltration associated with the prognosis of the disease. One of the initial therapies for AMI is ACE inhibitors. Objective: To determine myocardial neutrophil infiltration In rat model with acute myocardial infarction which is given ramipril as an Ace inhibitor. Method: This research is an experimental study using the Post Test Only Control Group study design. This study used 24 experimental rats which were divided into 3 treatment groups. Data were analyzed using the One Way ANOVA test and the Least Significant Differences test. Results: The results obtained were the mean number of neutrophils in the K(-) group was 1.83, the K(+) group was 22.67, and the successive treatment group was 4,17. Significant differences were obtained between the K(+) group and the treatment group where the p value was 0.001 (p \<0.05). Conclusion: There is an effect of 4 mg/kg BW ACE Inhibitor ramipril and on the number of myocardial neutrophils of rats with AMI.

}, keywords = {ACE inhibitors, Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI), Neutrophils, Ramipril}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2021.13.144}, author = {Biomechy Oktomalioputri and Meutia Savitri and Dwisari Dillasamola and Noverial} } @article {1352, title = {Reconstruction and Scientific Explanation of Akar Kuning (Arcangelisia flava Merr.) From West Sumatra as Ethnomedicine and Source of Science Learning}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {13}, year = {2021}, month = {January 2021}, pages = {206-211}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {206}, abstract = {

Indonesia is one of the countries that has the largest tropical forest land in the world, this makes Indonesia rich in diversity of flora and fauna. This diversity produces a variety of cultures, traditions and local wisdom. One of the local wisdoms of the people of West Sumatra is the use and utilization of the biodiversity around it as a medicine for various diseases. The type of medicinal plant that is the focus of this research is the type of Akar Kuning plant (Arcangelisia flava Merr.). This research is an educational research conducted using an ethnoscience approach, meaning that it is based on the indigenous knowledge of the local community. This study aims to reconstruct knowledge from a cultural / community perspective in the health sector. which later will become a knowledge with scientific explanation. The data were obtained through direct observation to the research location regarding indigenous knowledge about the Akar Kuning plant and also based on laboratory test data on antibacterial activity carried out in the biology laboratory of Semarang State University. All data obtained will be analyzed and also strengthened by various sources. The analysis concluded that the Akar Kuning (Arcangelisia flava Merr.) Plant contains bioactive compounds that act as antibacterials, thus inhibiting bacterial growth. This is evidenced by the inhibition zone diameter data produced during laboratory tests showing the results that the Yellow Root plant extract (Arcangelisia flava Merr.)

}, keywords = {Akar Kuning (Arcangelisia flava Merr.), Ethnoscience, Reconstruction, Scientific explanation}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2021.13.29}, author = {Skunda Diliarosta and Sudarmin and Annisa Efendi and Dwisari Dillasamola and Biomechy Oktomalioputri and Rehani Ramadhani} } @article {1675, title = {Study of Sungkai (Peronema canescens, Jack) Leaf Extract Activity as an Immunostimulators With In vivo and In vitro Methods}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {13}, year = {2021}, month = {November 2021}, pages = {1397-1407}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {1397}, abstract = {

Introduction: Sungkai (Peronema canescens, Jack.) contains polysaccharides, terpenoids, alkaloids, and polyphenols which have pharmacological activity as immunostimulants. Objective: This study aimed to see how the effect of Sungkai extract as an immunostimulant agent was carried out in vitro and in vivo. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted using two methods, namely in vivo and in vitro. In vivo research method was conducted to test the activity and phagocytic capacity of macrophage cells, the percentage of leukocytes, and the total number of leukocytes. This study used 30 male white mice as the test animals that were randomly divided into 5 treatment groups. Each group was consisting of 6 mice which were given different treatments. The negative control group was given with the 0.5\% NaCMC suspension, the mice test substance group was given with the suspension of Sungkai ethanol extract with various doses of 800, 400, and 200 mg/kgBW, and lastly the comparison group was given with the Stimuno in a dose of 50 mg/kg orally for 7 days. On day 8, blood was taken from the mice{\textquoteright}s vein to count the number and percentage of its leukocytes, then followed by the intraperitoneal injection of a Staphylococcus aureus bacteria suspension. After 1 hour of administration of the bacterial suspension, the peritoneal fluid was taken to be observed for its activity and phagocytic capacity of macrophage cells. The in vitro research method was used to test the viability and immunostimulatory activity of RAW 264.7 cells with the Sungkai extraction at the concentration of 1.10, 100 g/m. This cell viability test using the microtetrazolium (MTT) method aims to see whether the Sungkai sample used is safe and not toxic to RAW 264.7 cells by observing at the cell viability value that should exceed \>90\%. The concentration of Sungkai extraction at 1.10, 100 g/mL was found to be safe and non-toxic to RAW 264.7 cells with a viability value of \>90\%. Thus, this concentration of Sungkai extraction can be performed for its immunostimulatory activity test on LPS induced of RAW 264.7 cells by observing their levels of IL-6 and TNF-α. (proinflammatory cytokines) were compared with the LPS alone as a control using the sandwich ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) method. Results: The observations were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Duncan{\textquoteright}s follow-up test (significance was taken at p\<0.05). The results showed that variations in concentration increased significantly (p\<0.05) on the activity and phagocytic capacity of macrophage cells, along with the total leukocyte cells. The percentage of leukocytes showed that the cells had a significant increase (p\<0.05). It was found that the Sungkai extraction on 1.10, 100 g/mL could significantly increase the concentration of TNF- and IL-6 (p\<0.05) which were tested by one-way ANOVA and followed by Duncan{\textquoteright}s post hoc test. Conclusion: Sungkai leaf extract (Peronemacanescsens Jack.) in a dose of800, 400, and 200 mg/kgBW has an immunostimulant effect both in vivo and in vitro.

}, keywords = {Cell viability, immunostimulant, Jack), LPS (lipopolysaccharide), Macrophages, MTT (Microtetrazolium), Phagocytosis, RAW 264.7 cells, Sungkai (Peronema canescens, total and percentage of leukocytes}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2021.13.177}, author = {Dwisari Dillasamola and Yufri Aldi and Fatma Sri Wahyuni and Rauza Sukma Rita and Dachriyanus and Salman Umar and Harrizul Rivai} } @article {1069, title = {Subacute Toxicity of Butanol Fraction of Tali Putri Plants (Cassytha filiformis L.) Against Hematology Parameters of White Male Mice}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {12}, year = {2020}, month = {February 2020}, pages = {25-28}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {25}, abstract = {

Hematotoxicity study of butanol fraction of Cassytha filiformis L. on white male mice has been performed. A total of 12 white male mice were used, and they were divided into four groups. Each group consists of 3 mice. These animals were treated with Cassytha filiformis L. butanolic fraction at several doses of 2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg for seven days. Hemoglobin value, erythrocytes, platelets, leukocytes, monocytes, lymphocytes, eosinophils, neutrophils, and basophils counts were measured at the 1st, 3rd, and 7th day of treatment. The data of this study were analyzed using two-way ANOVA, followed by Duncan{\textquoteright}s multiple region tests. The results showed that the doses of butanol fraction did not affect hemoglobin value, erythrocytes, leukocytes, and neutrophils (p \>0.1), but it significantly reduced platelet, monocyte, lymphocyte count, and increases eosinophils (p \<0.01) counts within their normal limits. There is no influence on the duration of administration and the interaction of dosage, and also the duration of use of the parameters above. This result implies that the Cassytha filiformis butanol fraction at doses of 2.5-10 mg/kg does not affect hematology parameters if it were used for seven days.

}, keywords = {Butanol fraction, Cassytha filiformis L, Haematology, Subacute toxicity}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2020.12.5}, author = {Dwisari Dillasamola and Annisa Yatursyi and Armenia} } @article {1293, title = {Topical Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Bromelain}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {12}, year = {2020}, month = {November 2020}, pages = {1586-1593}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {1586}, abstract = {

Introduction: Bromelain is a proteolytic enzyme found in pineapple plants. Aim: This study conducted to determine the activity of bromelain enzyme as an anti-inflammatory using the Granuloma Pouch method. Methods: The experimental animals were divided into five groups, namely the positive control group, the bromelain concentration group of 0.1\%; 0.5\%; 1\%, and the comparison group. Experimental animals induced carrageenan 2\% subcutaneously. The dosage form is given topically for 2, 4, and 6 days. The observation was made by measuring the volume of edema, the total number, and the percentage of leukocyte cells on days 2, 4, and 6. Results: The observation results of a positive control group, bromelain concentration 0.1\%, 0.5\%, 1\%, and the comparators, there was a significant decrease for the volume of exudate on days 2, 4, and 6 (p\<0.05). The average total number of leukocytes also decreased significantly (p\<0.05) in the positive control, the bromelain, and comparison group in day 2, 4, and 6. At the same time, the mean leucocyte percentage had no effect (p\>0.05). Conclusion: From the results of the study, it was concluded that the bromelain enzyme at concentration 0.1\%, 0.5\%, and 1\% have an anti-inflammatory effect by suppressing the volume of exudate, and the total number of leucocyte.

}, keywords = {Anti-inflammatory, Bromelain, Exudate, Gel, Granuloma, Leukocyte}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2020.12.217}, author = {Elsa Badriyya and Salman and Amalia Refina Pratiwi and Dwisari Dillasamola and Yufri Aldi and Elidahanum Husni} } @article {1012, title = {The Effect of Coriander Ethanol Extract (Coriandrum sativum L.) Against Phagocytosis Activity and Capacity of the Macrophage Cells and the Percentage of Leukocyte Cells in White Male Mice}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {11}, year = {2019}, month = {October 2019}, pages = {1290-1298}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {1290}, abstract = {

Coriander has long been used by humans as a traditional drug and to enhances the taste of foods. This study aims to know the effects of coriander ethanol extract against phagocytosis activity and capacity of the macrophage cells and the percentage of leukocytes. The test animals used were white male mice which divided into 4 groups and each group consists of 5 mice. The first group (control) was given with 0.5\% Na CMC suspension. The second, the third, and the fourth groups were given with coriander extract each with doses of 100 mg/kg, 140 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg orally for 7 days long. On the 8th day, the mice were induced by Staphylococcus aureus to help their immune system. The results showed that the administration of coriander extract at doses of 100, 140 and 200 mg/kg can increase the phagocytic activity of macrophages by 44.6\%; 54.2\%; and 60.2\% each, while the phagocytic capacity replaces the results of 95.8; 104.4; and 126 cells. The total number of leukocytes showed were 5210, 6190, and 7310 /μL blood. In the number of leukocyte cells, the amount of coriander extract can reduce the number of neutrophil and monocyte cell segments. The conclusion of this study regarding coriander ethanol extract at doses of 100, 140 and 200 mg/kg can increase phagocytosis activity and capacity of the macrophage cells and the total leukocyte cell counts in male white mice.

}, keywords = {Activity, Coriandrum sativum, Leukocytes, Macrophages, Phagocytosis capacity}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2019.11.200}, author = {Dwisari Dillasamola and Yufri Aldi and Marselani Kolobinti} } @article {1042, title = {Immunomodulator Activity of Ethanol Extract of Tapak Liman Leaves (Elephantopus scaber Linn.)}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {11}, year = {2019}, month = {November 2019}, pages = {1419-1427}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {1419}, abstract = {

Introduction: Tapak Liman (Elephantopus scaber Linn) is a medicinal plant in Indonesia which traditionally used as a treatment for fever, gout, dysentery, hepatitis, and infections. Aim: This study aims to determine the immunostimulants activity of tapak liman extract with carbon clearance method and to determine the percentage and total leukocytes and relative lymph weights. Materials and Methods: Twenty white male mice divide assigned to 1 control group and 3 experimental groups. It treated by oral administration of tapak liman extract; 10, 30, and 100 mg/kgBW. After six days of administration, mice intravenously injected with 0.1 ml/10gBW colloidal carbon. Blood obtained from the mice tail at; 3rd, 6th, 9th, 12th and 15th minutes. The determined absorbance then calculated to obtain the phagocytotic index, the percentage and the total of leukocyte cells and lymph weights. Results: Phagocytosis index increased significantly at 1, 12, 1.24 and 1.47. The percentages of neutrophil segment are 57\%, 60\% and 60\%, for lymphocytes are 3, 80\%, 32.80\% and 34.20\%, monocyte cells are 4.60\%, 3.00\% and 2.60\%, neutrophil are 3.40\%, 3.20\%,2.20\%, and for the eosinophil cells are 3.20\%, 1.8\% and 1.20\%. Total leukocyte cells are 10,760, 11,630 and 15,880 cells/microliter. The relative lymph weight of each dose in the sequence is 0.36, 0.49 and 0.66. Conclusion: Ethanol extract of tapak liman leaves (Elephantopus scaber Linn) can increase the immunity of mice.

}, keywords = {Carbon clearance, Elephantopus scaber Linn., Immunomodulator, Leucocytes, Lymph}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2019.11.220}, author = {Yufri Aldi and Dwisari Dillasamola and Gita Rahma Yanti} }