@article {1417, title = {Pharmacognostic Study of Collection and Study of its Hepatoprotective Activity}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {13}, year = {2021}, month = {May 2021}, pages = {713-721}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {713}, abstract = {

Background: The aim of this work is pharmacognostic study of herbal formulation consisting of elecampane rhizomes and roots (Inula helenium L.), fruits of rose (Rosa sp.) and hawthorn (Crataegus sp.), leaves of pepper mint (Mentha piperita L.) and cowberry leaves (Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.), spiny eleuterococcus rhizomes and roots (Eleutherococcus senticosus (Rupr.et Maxim.) Maxim., low cudweed herb (Gnaphalium uliginosum L.s.l.) as well as determination of its hepatoprotective activity. Materials and methods: An electron microscope, HPLC and methods of the State Pharmacopoeia of Russia were used in pharmacognostic study of herbal formulation. The hepatoprotective, antioxidant and choleretic activities of the herbal formulation were studied in vivo model of liver damage induced by tetracycline hydrochloride and 40\% ethanol. Results: The content of biologically active substances (BAS) collected: essential oils - at least 0.30\%; flavonoids in terms of luteolin - not less than 1.0\%; ascorbic acid - not less than 0.5\%; tannins - not less than 3.0\%; arbutin - at least 0.4\%; eleutheroside B - not less than 0.01\%.It has been found that the course administration of herbal formulation to white Wistar rats with liver damage eliminates the prooxidant effect of tetracycline and ethanol, reduces the manifestation of cholestasis and increases the rate of bile secretion for 1-3 hours. Conclusion: The herbal formulation has hepatoprotective activity, antioxidant, choleretic effect and stimulates regenerative and antitoxic processes in the liver in rats with a model of combined liver damage induced tetracycline and ethanol. The obtained research results argue the possibility of using herbal formulation for prevention and complex treatment of liver diseases.

}, keywords = {Hepatoprotective activity, microscopy, Phenolic compounds, standardization}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2021.13.91}, author = {Lubsandorzhieva PB and Rendyuk TD and Dashinamzhilov Zh.B and Dargaeva TD and Ferubko EV} } @article {1079, title = {Correction of Toxic Liver Damage with a Multicomponent Herbal Extract in an Animal Experiment}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {12}, year = {2020}, month = {February 2020}, pages = {168-172}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {168}, abstract = {

Background: Digestive diseases constitute a significant part in the overall structure of human diseases. Herbal cholagogues are indicated for a treatment of chronic liver, gall bladder, and bile ducts diseases. The aim of the work is to determine the choleretic effect of a new multicomponent plant extract. Materials and Methods: Multicomponent plant extract was obtained from the following types of plant materials: 300 g of immortelle flowers (Helichrysum arenarium L.), 100 g of tansy flowers (Tanacetum vulgare L.), 100 g of rose fruits (Rosa sp.), 100 g of leaves of common nettle (Urtica dioica L.), 50 g of mint leaves (Mentha piperita L.), 50 g of licorice roots (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.). The extract was standardized by the total flavonoid content. It was calculated and expressed in terms of luteolin and isosalipurposide standards (total flavonoids content: not less than 4\% and 15\% respectively). The animal experiments being done in 80 nonlinear male rats with initial body weight 180-200 g. In order to study a choleretic effect of multicomponent herbal extract, naive rats recieved the single experimental dose of 250 mg/kg. Pharmacotherapeutic activity was studied in white rats with CCl4-induced hepatitis. Results: Studies indicate a pronounced choleretic effect of the studied plant extract, that is comparable with the effect of {\textquotedblleft}Allochol{\textquotedblright} in intact rats experiments. The course administration of a per os (peroral) multicomponent plant extract in a dose of 250 mg/kg to white non-linear rats with tetrachloromethane liver damage has a choleretic effect: it increases the rate of bile secretion, stimulates the synthesis and secretion of cholates with bile, and also the excretion of cholesterol and bilirubin. Conclusion: The obtained research results argue the feasibility of using a multicomponent plant extract containing biologically active substances of phenolic nature in the prevention and comprehensive treatment of liver diseases.

}, keywords = {Choleretic effect, Experimental hepatitis, Multicomponent extract}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2020.12.25}, author = {Ferubko EV and Nikolaev SM and Dargaeva TD and Rendyuk TD} } @article {1209, title = {Development and Evaluation of New Choleretic Agent}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {12}, year = {2020}, month = {August 2020}, pages = {962-966}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {962}, abstract = {

Background: The aim of the research is the determination of pharmacological activity during the development of the optimal way of a new choleretic agent obtaining. The multicomponent herbal medicinal product under the code name Hexaphyte (herbal multicomponent dry extract) is developed. It contains the following species of medicine plant raw materials: Helichrysum arenarium L., Tanacetum vulgare L., Rosa sp., Urtica dioica L., Mentha piperita L., Glycyrrhiza glabra L. in the ratio of 6:2:2:2:1:1. Materials and Methods: Herbal tea was extracted three times with hot water at the temperature of 75-85{\textordmasculine}ะก; water extracts were combined, filtered and dried. Hexaphyte was standardized by the content of phenolic compounds {\textendash} sum of flavonoids in terms of luteolin standard and isosalipurposide standard. Phenolic compounds (flavonoids) are dominating substances (35-37\%) in the obtained extract. The obtained multicomponent medicine under the code name Hexaphyte was administered per os in the experimental and therapeutic dose of 250 mg/kg to the laboratory animals having experimental induced damages of gallbladder and liver. Results: In Hexaphyte the content of the flavonoid sum (CFS) referred to luteolin standard at a wavelength of 350 nm was not less than 4\%; CFS referred to isosalipurposide standard at a wavelength of 315 nm was not less than 15\%. It was revealed in the results of the realized experiments that it has a choleretic effect superior in a number of indicators to the activity of the Allochol reference drug. The pharmacotherapeutic effect of Hexaphyte at experimental damages of gallbladder and liver is due to the presence of biologically active substances, mainly of phenolic nature. Conclusion: The obtained results of the research argue the feasibility of using the developed multicomponent medicine Hexaphyte containing biologically active substances of phenolic nature in the prevention and complex treatment of hepatobiliary system diseases.

}, keywords = {Choleretic activity, Choleretic herbal medicine Hexaphyte, Experimental damage of liver and gallbladder, Preclinical studies}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2020.12.136}, author = {Ferubko EV and Rendyuk TD and Dargaeva TD and Nikolaev SM} } @article {1214, title = {Phenolic Compounds and Immunomodulating Activity of Chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) Extract}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {12}, year = {2020}, month = {August 2020}, pages = {1104-1107}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {1104}, abstract = {

Introduction: This research aims to determine the immunomodulating activity of chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) herb extract and to evaluate the prospects of development of the medicine based on it. Methods: Object of the research was dry chicory extract obtained from herb (aerial part) of a wild plant. The chemical composition of the extract was determined by HPLC-MS method. Its immunomodulating action has been explored in vivo experiments involving intact animals, as well as immunosuppressed animals, treated with azathioprine cytostatic agent. Chicory extract was administered at a dose of 30 mg/kg per os 1 time per day for 14 days. As a reference drug, Immunal (Lec Pharma, Slovenia) was used. Chicory extract action on the state of cell immune component was evaluated in delayed hypersensitivity reaction. The humoral immunity condition was evaluated by the count of antibody-forming cells determined by the local hemolysis method. The state of the macrophage component of the immune response was evaluated in the phagocytosis reaction of peritoneal macrophages in relation to colloid liquid ink particles. Results: Dry chicory extract is capable to reduce the suppressive azathioprine effect on the cell-mediated immune response, antibody response, and phagocytosis with macrophages; it does not change the immunity indicators in intact animals. Conclusion: Dry chicory extract contains phenolic complex of biologically active substances, namely oxycoumarins, hydroxycinnamic acids, and flavonoids. Dry chicory extract is an effective immunocorrecting agent; it should be recommended for further study and application aiming for the prevention and treatment of immunodeficiency states.

}, keywords = {Chicory herb, Dry extract, Immunomodulating activity, Phenolic compounds}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2020.12.156}, author = {Saybel OL and Rendyuk TD and Dargaeva TD and Nikolaev SM and Khobrakova VB} }