@article {1849, title = {Leaf Effect of C. Trifolia L. as Nf-B and Tnf-Α Inhibitor Compounds with In Silico Method}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {14}, year = {2022}, month = {August 2022}, pages = {407-415}, type = {Research Article }, chapter = {407}, abstract = {

Introduction: Infection H. pylori causes inflammation through various pathways to induce proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α. The transcription factor NF-kB is a crucial regulator of the immune response and inflammation and regulates many cellular processes that are important in carcinogenesis, including transformation, proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Antiinflammatory plant C. trifolia L was shown to inhibit the activity of NF-B and several pro-inflammatory cytokine mediators. This study proved that the active compound from the plant{\textquoteright}s leaves, C. trifolia L has potential as an inhibitor of NF-B and TNF-α. Method: This study used a docking method with a grid box mimicking the bond between the receptor and the inhibitor control complex. Results: The bioactivity of Cayratria trifolia compounds as anti-inflammatory was shown in the inflammation parameters used, namely Interleukin 10 agonist, Interleukin agonist, Interleukin antagonist, Interleukin 6 antagonist, Interleukin 4 antagonist, Interleukin 2 agonist, Interleukin 1 antagonist, Interleukin 1b antagonist, Interleukin 10 antagonist, Interleukin 12 agonist, and Interleukin 1a antagonist. Interleukin 2 agonists showed the highest activity of all compounds. Piceid compounds showed high anti-inflammatory activity with interleukin 10 agonists, interleukin agonists, interleukin 6 antagonists, and interleukin 2 agonists. The compounds stilbenes, piceid, resveratrol, cyclopentadecane, and hentriacontane showed potency higher interleukin-6 inhibition than the other 22 compounds. These five compounds were continued for molecular docking analysis. The low bond energy is correlated with the number of bonds and the variety of interactions. The higher the number of bonds and the type of interaction, the lower the bond energy. The lower the bond energy, the stronger the interaction between the ligand and protein. Conclusion: Based on the prediction of anti-inflammatory bioactivity, five potential compounds were identified, namely cyclopentadecane, resveratrol, stilbenes, piceid, and hentriacontane. The five compounds bind to NFkB on the active site of the binding site with DNA, and this inhibition causes DNA to be unable to restrain NFkB transcription factors, and transcription does not occur. This proves that the active compound from the leaves of the plant C. trifolia L has potential as an inhibitor of NF-κB compounds. Inhibition of 6 compounds on TNF at the TNF receptor proves that the active compound from the leaves of the plant C. trifolia L has potential as a TNF-α inhibitor compound. The active ingredient Piceid exhibits predominant anti-inflammatory potential with lower binding energy and stronger interactions than other complexes.

}, keywords = {C. trifolia L, H. Pylori, in silico, NFkB, TNF-α}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2022.14.115}, author = {Judya Sukmana and Widjiati and Siswandono and I Ketut Sudiana and Hari Basuki Notobroto and Iswinarno Doso Saputro and Yoes Prijatna Dachlan and Endang Joewarini} } @article {1674, title = {Cytotoxic Activity of Peronema canescens Jack Leaves on Human Cells: HT-29 and Primary Adenocarcinoma Colon Cancer}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {13}, year = {2021}, month = {November 2021}, pages = {1389-1396}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {1389}, abstract = {

Background: In Indonesia, this species was well known in Sumatera, Kalimantan, Java, and Sulawesi. Peronema canescens Jack (Sungkai) was traditionally used as an anti-flatulent, fever, toothache. Sungkai leaves contain many secondary metabolites with potential anticancer activity. The reported anticancer research was still limited to the cytotoxic activity of chloroform extract on the HT-29 colon cancer cell line. However, it was necessary to uncover the underlying mechanism. Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanism (such as cell cycle inhibition, induces cells apoptosis, and necrosis) of subfraction chloroform (SF3) from P. canescens extract has anticancer activity on HT-29 cells and primary Adenocarcinoma (AdenoCa pT3N1cM1) colon cancer cells. Materials and Methods: The extraction by maceration method using methanol solvent, the fractionation process was using vacuum column chromatography (VCC) with polarity gradient eluent. The cytotoxicity of SF3 was measured by MTT assay. The cell cycle inhibition, apoptosis induction, and necrosis cells were evaluated with the Flow cytometry method. Results: Cytotoxicity value (IC50) against AdenoCa cells was 1.897 μg/ml. The inhibition activity of synthesis and mitosis phase in cell cycle demonstrated that the different concentrations of SF3 have inhibition activity on HT-29 (29.614 μg/ml) of 26.79\% and 0.16\%, AdenoCa cells (14.807 μg/ml) of 10.27\% and 19.29\%, respectively. For induced apoptosis activity on HT-29 (29.614 μg/ml) and AdenoCa cells (14.807 μg/ml) were 26.58\% and 11.50\%, successively. Whereas, necrosis activity on HT-29 (29.614 μg/ ml) and AdenoCa cells (14.807 μg/ml) were 0.02\%, and 9.56\%, respectively. Conclusion: The subfractions chloroform (SF3) of P. canescens extract has potential activity on HT-29 and Adenocarcinoma cells through cell cycle inhibition, induces apoptosis and necrosis cells.

}, keywords = {Apoptosis, Cell cycle, Colon cancer cells, Necrosis, Peronema canescens Jack}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2021.13.176}, author = {Arsyik Ibrahim and Siswandono and Bambang Prajogo EW} } @article {1643, title = {In Silico Analysis of Pinostrobin Derivatives from Boesenbergia pandurata on ErbB4 Kinase Target and QSPR Linear Models to Predict Drug Clearance for Searching Anti-Breast Cancer Drug Candidates}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {13}, year = {2021}, month = {September 2021}, pages = {1143-1149}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {1143}, abstract = {

Background: ErbB4 is a member of ErbB family of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and plays an important role in resistance to ErbB2 inhibitors. Objective: This study aimed to design a pinostrobin derivative with activity as an ErbB4 inhibitor and to establish a quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) of pinostrobin and its derivatives to predict drug clearance. Materials and Methods: In this research, an in silico study was conducted on pinostrobin and its derivatives by predicting the prediction of activity spectra for substances (PASS) with PASS online, followed by molecular docking using the AutoDockTools 4.2.6 program on ErbB4 protein kinase and visualizing the docking results using the Discovery Studio Visualizer software. While the study of QSPR pinostrobin and its derivatives was determined using physicochemical parameters with clearance (CLtot) using SPSS. Results: From the data obtained, 5-O-2- phenylacetylpinostrobin has a high affinity for ErbB4 protein with a free energy of binding (ΔG) -10.37 kcal/mol and an inhibition constant (Ki) of 26.06 nM. Conclusion: Probability {\textquotedblleft}to be active{\textquotedblright} (Pa) 5-O-2- phenylacetylpinostrobin of 0.595 for kinase inhibitors and 0.666 for apoptosis agonists, thus becoming candidates for breast cancer drugs. The QSPR model can be used to predict the properties of molecules such as CLtot, this will be useful in the drug design process. The best QSPR regression equation for pinostrobin and its derivatives is Log (1/CLtot) = 0.705 Log S + 0.035 MR + 0.375. This equation can be used as a reference in predicting CLtot.

}, keywords = {5-O-acylpinostrobin, Molecular docking, PASS, Pharmacokinetic, Physicochemical properties}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2021.13.147}, author = {Ersanda Nurma Praditapuspa and Siswandono and Tri Widiandani} } @article {1184, title = {Antimalarial Activity of Flavonoid Compound Isolated from Leaves of Artocarpus altilis}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {12}, year = {2020}, month = {June 2020}, pages = {835-842}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {835}, abstract = {

Introduction: Artocarpus altilis leaves extract has previously been reported as a potential antimalarial drug. Inhibition concentration (IC50) against P. falciparum and effective dose values (ED50) against P. berghei have been reported at 1.32 μg/ml and 0.82 mg/kg, respectively. The aim of this study is to identify the active compound from the ethanol extract of A. Altilis leaves against P. falciparum. Materials and Methods: The isolation of the active compound from the ethanol extract of A. altilis were conducted using chromatography methods, and the chemical structure of the isolated compounds was determined based on NMR and MS spectra data. Antimalarial assay was determined using microscopic method against P. falciparum 3D7 and molecular docking studies was performed using Molegro Virtual Docker version 5.5 program. Results: A flavonoid compound, class of dihydrochalcone was finally isolated from A. altilis and identified as 1-(2,4-dihydroxy phenyl)-3-[8-hydroxy-2-methyl-2-(4-methyl-3- pentenyl)-2H-1-benzopyran-5-yl]-1-propanone (Compound-1). Antimalarial activity test revealed that the compound strongly inhibited P. falciparum growth, with IC50 value of 1.05 μM. An in silico study to determine the mechanism of action of the compound revealed the existence a 3.BPF receptor that possesses a cysteine protease inhibitor of falcipain-2. Conclusion: Compound-1 were isolated from the leaves of A. Altilis is a good candidate of new source in the development of antimalarial drugs. An animal study using this compound is recommended before a clinical trial.

}, keywords = {Artocarpus altilis, Cysteine protease inhibitor, Dihydrochalcones, P. falciparum 3D7}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2020.12.120}, author = {Agriana Rosmalina Hidayati and Aty Widyawaruyanti and Hilkatul Ilmi and Mulyadi Tanjung and Tri Widiandani and Siswandono and Din Syafruddin and Achmad Fuad Hafid} }