@article {1410, title = {Isolation, Characterization of Neoandrographolide from Andrographis macrobotrys Nees and Evaluation of its effect on LPS induced TNF-α Activity}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {13}, year = {2021}, month = {May 2021}, pages = {669-674}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {669}, abstract = {

Introduction: Andrographis macrobotrys Nees is an important species of genus Andrographis with applications in traditional medicine. Neoandrographolide is one of the constituents in this plant. But there are no previous reports of isolation of neoandrographolide from A. macrobotrys. Current work is undertaken to concentrate on isolation, characterization, and evaluation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) inhibition activity of neoandrographolide from A. macrobotrys. Materials and Methods: For the isolation process techniques like column chromatography, thin-layer chromatography (TLC), and preparative TLC were used. Characterization was done by ultra visible (UV)-visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), carbon-13 (C13) nuclear magnetic resonance (13C NMR) analysis. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiaxo-2yl) 2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was done for the preliminary cytotoxicity test to standardize the sample concentration for the TNF-α inhibition study. The flowcytometric method was used to determine TNF-α inhibiting ability in a human monocytes cell line (THP-1). Results:\ Neoandrographolide was isolated from methanolic extract of A. macrobotrys which had a melting point of 174-175{\textordmasculine}C. FTIR results had shown stretching for {\textendash}OH, 3427.58 cm-1,sp3-CH, lactone, and α, β unsaturated ester. NMR data confirmed 26 carbon structures. Cytotoxicity of isolated neoandrographolide was 22.59 μg/ml. Further lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced TNF-α inhibition was highest in the case of isolated neoandrographolide in comparison with the crude extract of A. macrobotrys.\ Conclusion: A. macrobotrys can be used as a new source of neoandrographolide with anti-inflammatory abilities by inhibiting the TNF-α release in THP-1 cells.

}, keywords = {Andrographis, Anti-inflammation, Terpenoids, THP-1 cells, TNF-α}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2021.13.85}, author = {Medha A. Bhat and Hosakatte Niranjana Murthy} } @article {1409, title = {Isolation of Andrographolide from Andrographis lineata Wall. ex Nees var. lawii C.B. Clarke and its Anticancer Activity against Human Ovarian Teratocarcinoma}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {13}, year = {2021}, month = {May 2021}, pages = {660-668}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {660}, abstract = {

Introduction: Andrographolide is a well-known anticancer phytochemical often isolated from Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Nees. (Acanthaceae). Though Andrographis lineata Wall. ex Nees var. lawii C.B. Clarke (ALw) which also belongs to the same family has an adequate amount of andrographolide; remained untouched for isolation of andrographolide and anticancer studies. Therefore, this study was targeted to isolate the andrographolide from the leaves of ALw and to assess its role inthe induction of apoptosis against the human ovarian teratocarcinoma (PA-1) cell line. Methods: Column chromatography, thin-layer chromatography (TLC), preparative TLC were used for the isolation and purification while melting point, ultraviolet (UV)-visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), carbon-13 (C13) nuclear magnetic resonance (13C NMR) analysis were carried out for characterization of the compound. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiaxo-2yl) 2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was carried out for cytotoxicity test and further Annexin-V staining, caspase 3 activity, B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) activity, cell cycle analysis, and DNA damage study by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (dUTP) nick end labeling (TUNEL) assays were carried out for apoptosis study. Results: Andrographolide was isolated from the methanolic extract of leaves of ALw which had a melting point of 230 {\textordmasculine}C, λmax at 223 nm. FTIR results proved the presence of hydroxyl group, alkanes, carbon-carbon double bond, and a characteristic gamma lactone carbonyl. NMR data confirmed the 20 carbon structure. In the MTT assay cytotoxicity against PA-1 was at 3.7 μg/ml with other apoptotic assays supporting the induction of apoptosis by the compound at that concentration. Conclusion: ALw is proved to be an alternate source of andrographolide with potential abilities to induce apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells.

}, keywords = {Andrographis, Andrographolide, Anticancer activity, Apoptosis, Ovarian teratocarcinoma}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2021.13.84}, author = {Medha A. Bhat and Hosakatte Niranjana Murthy} }