@article {1907, title = {The Effects of Leaves Extract of Toddalia aculeata on Body Weight, Body Mass Index, Body Fat Content and Resistive Index in Male Rats with High-Fat Diet}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {14}, year = {2022}, month = {December 2022}, pages = {771-777}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {771}, abstract = {

Introduction: Dictamine is found in the Toddalia aculeata plant and is able to interact with Flavin- Containing Monooxygenase-3 (FMO3) in silico, which mediates endogenous atherosclerosis formation. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of T. aculeata extract (TAE) administration on Body Weight (BW), Body Mass Index (BMI), Body Fat Content (BFC), and Resistive Index (RI) in rats with a high-fat diet. Methods: Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the negative control (NC), positive control (PC) + 2.98 μg/kg BW dictamine and treatment (TAE1-3) + 200, 400, and 800 mg/ kg BW TAE respectively. All rats were given a high-fat diet (HFD) for 28 days. The data were analyzed statistically using one-way ANOVA, repeated-measured ANOVA, and Friedman{\textquoteright}s tests with p\<0.05. Results: The average of rats{\textquoteright} BW in TAE2 (270{\textpm}13.78 g) and TAE3 (276.62{\textpm}40.31 g) was lower than that of the NC (304.12{\textpm} 4.16 g) but only the TAE2 group was significantly different (p=0.032). Rats in the TAE 1-3 groups had the average BMI (26.03{\textpm}5.61; 21.84{\textpm}0.81; 20.78{\textpm}2.17 g/cm3) significantly lower than the NC (29.61{\textpm}2.28 g/cm3) and the PC (28.67{\textpm}1.68 g/cm3) for TAE2 and 3. The same pattern was also observed in BFC. All treatment groups had significantly lower RI compared to the NC group (0.62{\textpm}0.07 cm). Conclusion: Administration of 400 and 800 mg/kg BW TAE for 28 days decreases BW, BMI, BFC, and RI in rats with a high-fat diet. Dictamine in the ethanol extract of T. aculeata leaves might contribute to the reduction of RI in rats with a high-fat diet.

}, keywords = {Body Fat Content, Body Mass Index, Obesity, Resistive Index, Toddalia Aculeata Extract.}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2022.14.166}, author = {Prasetyo Sarwono Putro and Dono Indarto and Bambang Purwanto and Widyastuti Soewondo and Sulistyani Kusumaningrum and Khim Yatul Nguzum} } @article {1807, title = {In Vivo Studies of Combined Probiotics on IFN-γ, Ig-E and Bronchial Muscular Layer of Rats with Allergic Asthma}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {14}, year = {2022}, month = {June 2022}, pages = {598-603}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {598}, abstract = {

Background: Leuconostoc mesenteriodes and Lactobacillus brevis are being used as probiotic to improve the immune system. The effect of probiotic containing combination of the 2 bacteria on enhancing innate and adaptive immune responses is not fully understood. Objective: This was conducted to analyse the effect of probiotic containing in single or combination content of L. mesenteriodes (Lm) and L. brevis (Lb) on IFN-γ concentration, Ig-E concentration, and histopathology of bronchial muscular layer of ovalbumininduced allergic asthma. Materials and Methods: A total of 40 male Sprague Dawley rats (6{\textendash}8 weeks, 200-300 g) were randomly divided into 5 groups: NC (non-induced control group); NgC (OVA-induced control group), Lm (OVA +probiotics containing L. mesenteriodes), Lb (OVA + probiotics containing L. brevis), and Lm + Lb (OVA+probiotics containing combination of L. mesenteriodes and L. brevis). On 64-day, concentration of IFN-γ and Ig-E in serum were measured. Histology of bronchus was performed. Results: IFN-γ concentration, Ig-E The administration of single or combined probiotics increased IFN-γ (p\<0.001), yet decreased IgE (p\<0.001) of all treatment groups, but only a combination of both probiotics reduced the thickness of the bronchial epithelium. Conclusion: The combination of Lm and Lb single or combined probiotics improve systemic and local anti-inflammation effects and ameliorate airway remodelling in the ovalbumin-induced chronic asthma rat model.

}, keywords = {Asthma, Bronchus histopatology, IFN-γ, Ig-E, Lactobacillus brevis, Leuconostoc mesenteriodes}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2022.14.77}, author = {Pujiati Pujiati and Soetrisno and Dono Indarto and Reviono} }