@article {2241, title = {Poikilodermatous Mycosis Fungoides: A Rare Case Treated with Low-Dose Methotrexate}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {16}, year = {2024}, month = {February 2024}, pages = {276-279}, type = {Case Report}, chapter = {276}, abstract = {

Mycosis fungoides (MF) is a subtype of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) and a primary cutaneous lymphoma. Poikilodermatous MF (PMF) is a rare clinical variant of MF. Systemic chemotherapy, such as methotrexate (MTX), may be administered as monotherapy or in combination at low doses in MF. A 64-year-old man with PMF has been reported. History and physical examination revealed hyperpigmented and hypopigmented macules on the chest, abdomen, both arms, back, and upper legs, along with erythematous macules on the right medial thigh. The diagnosis of PMF is based on clinical manifestations and histopathological features of atypical lymphocyte cell infiltration in the epidermis. In addition, immunohistochemical examination also supports the MF diagnosis. The patient received chemotherapy consisting of monotherapy with MTX at low doses. During the third month of observation following MTX therapy, a few of the hyperpigmented and hypopigmented macules appeared to have diminished; some of the erythematous macules had transformed into hyperpigmented macules, and there were no new lesions. The purpose of therapy is to control the disease. Administration of low-dose MTX as a monotherapy may result in clinical improvement, but further observation is necessary. PMF may have a better prognosis than other clinical variants of MF.

}, keywords = {Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, Methotrexate, Mycosis fungoides, Poikilodermatous mycosis fungoides}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2024.16.40}, author = {Eva Krishna Sutedja and Frizam Dwindamuldan Sutisna and Endang Sutedja and Kartika Ruchiatan and Yogi Faldian and Laila Tsaqilah and Hermin Aminah Usman and Yovan Rivanzah} } @article {2309, title = {Synergistic Effect of Imperata cylindrica Root Extract and Erlotinib on A549 Lung Cancer Cell Viability}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {16}, year = {2024}, month = {June 2024}, pages = {656-659}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {656}, abstract = {

Background: Erlotinib is typically used to treat lung adenocarcinoma and Imperata cylindrica extract has been shown to exert anti-cancer effects in various human cancer cell lines. Therefore, this study evaluated the combined anticancer effects of Imperata cylindrica ethanol root extract and erlotinib on the A549 lung cancer cell line. Method: The A-549 lung cancer cell line was treated with various combinations of 1/2 IC50, 3/8 IC50, 1/4 IC50, and 1/8 IC50 of I.cylindrica root ethanol extract and erlotinib for 48 hours. Cell viability was assessed using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, analyzed and interpreted using CompuSyn software and a normalized isobologram curve. Result: Of the sixteen combinations, eleven combinations acted synergistically, four were additive, and one was in the antagonist zone. Conclusion: The combination of I. cylindrica root ethanol extract and erlotinib act synergistically to decrease A549 lung cancer cell viability, therefore they are potential lung cancer therapeutics.

}, keywords = {A549, Cell viability, Erlotinib, Imperata cylindrica}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2024.16.103}, author = {Raden Anita Indriyanti and Eko Fuji Ariyanto and Hermin Aminah Usman and Ristaniah Rose Effendy and Diah Dhianawaty} } @article {2259, title = {An Ulcerative Cutaneous Plasmacytosis of the Scalp}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {16}, year = {2024}, month = {April 2024}, pages = {378-381}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {378}, abstract = {

Introduction: Cutaneous plasmacytosis (CP) is a rare benign disorder characterized by polyclonal proliferation of plasma cells of unknown etiology, with potential for malignant transformation. Clinical manifestations include reddish-brown macules, papules, plaques, or nodules, and, infrequently, ulcerative lesions resembling cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) or similar cutaneous neoplasms. Case: Herein we reported a case of ulcerative CP which was initially suspected as SCC in a 77{\textendash}year{\textendash}old male. Physical examination revealed an ulcer with well{\textendash}defined borders, and flat edges, with a granulation tissue base on the scalp which was suggested as SCC. Histopathological features showed infiltration of mature plasma cells in the perivascular area, polyclonal plasma cell population on kappa and lambda chain immunohistochemistry, and hypergammaglobulinemia on protein electrophoresis that supported the diagnosis of CP. Discussion: Cutaneous plasmacytosis requires a comprehensive diagnostic evaluation, which typically includes clinical examination, histopathological analysis, immunohistochemistry, ancillary tests such as protein electrophoresis, and negative results from a diagnostic workup for systemic disease. Conclusion: The complexity of CP manifestations necessitates a rigorous diagnostic approach, enabling the differentiation of this benign condition from malignancies with similar presentations.

}, keywords = {Cutaneous plasmacytosis, Hypergammaglobulinemia, Plasma cell}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2024.16.58}, author = {Eva Krishna Sutedja and Eva Yustiana and Yogi Faldian and Hermin Aminah Usman} } @article {1958, title = {The effect of Sinensetin and Imperatorin on A-549 lung cancer cell viability in vitro}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {15}, year = {2023}, month = {March 2023}, pages = {38-46}, type = {Original Article }, chapter = {38}, abstract = {

Introduction: Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer death worldwide, so research is ongoing to discover new therapeutics, such as plant-derived bioactive compounds. For example, Sinensetin, a plant-derived polymethoxylated flavonoid, and Imperatorin, a natural furanocoumarin, have anti-cancer properties. This study assessed the effects of sinensetin and imperatorin separately and in combination on A-549 lung cancer cell viability. Method: The A-549 lung cancer cell line was treated with sinensetin (60 μM), imperatorin (30 M), or a combination of both compounds (Sin:Imp 30:30 μM; 50:50 μM and 60:30 μM) for 48 hours. Cell viability was then assessed using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5- diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and apoptosis was determined using fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) Annexin-V/Propidium iodide staining. Results: The combination treatment of Sin:Imp 50:50 and Sin:Imp 60:30 μM reduced cell viability more than the individual treatment of sinensetin and imperatorin, with the lowest cell viability observed for the combination treatment of Sin:Imp 50:50 μM. Likewise, the combination treatment of Sin:Imp 50:50 μM induced the most apoptosis compared to individual treatment. Conclusion: Sinensetin and imperatorin can decrease A-549 lung cancer cell viability and are potent apoptotic inducers, especially when they are used in combination, therefore they are potential lung cancer therapeutics.

}, keywords = {A549, Apoptosis, Cell viability, Imperatorin, Sinensetin}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2023.15.6}, author = {Raden Anita Indriyanti and Eko Fuji Ariyanto and Hermin Aminah Usman and Ristaniah Rose Effendy and Diah Dhianawaty} } @article {1838, title = {Quantification of total polyphenols and flavonoids, antioxidant activity, and Sinensetin and Imperatorin contents of Imperata cylindrica root ethanol extract}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {14}, year = {2022}, month = {August 2022}, pages = {327-337}, type = {Original Article }, chapter = {327}, abstract = {

Introduction: Imperata cylindrica, commonly known as cogon grass, is currently widely distributed and used as a medicinal plant. The major compounds that have been isolated and identified are polyphenols and flavonoids, which have many biological activities such as antioxidant, and anticancer. Polyphenols and flavonoids are mostly found in the roots and leaves. This study aimed to perform phytochemical screening on I. cylindrica root ethanol extract from Sragen, Central Java, Indonesia and determine the total polyphenol, flavonoid, antioxidant activity and quantify Sinensetin and Imperatorin contents of the extract. Method: Quantification of all parameters were measured using visible spectrophotometric methods. Total polyphenol, total flavonoid contents, as well as antioxidant activity were measured using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, aluminum chloride reagent, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, respectively, and quantification of Sinensetin and Imperatorin were measured using High Performance Liquid Chromatography. Results: I cylindrica root ethanol extract had a total polyphenol content of 1.109\% gallic acid equivalent, total flavonoid content of 0.1\% quercetin equivalent, and antioxidant activity IC50 824.30 μg/ml. Sinensetin and Imperatorin were also identified in Fractions 1 to 11 with concentrations of 0.0157 and 0.0178 mg/kg extract, respectively. Conclusion: I. cylindrica root ethanol extract from Sragen had active phytochemical compounds of polyphenols, flavonoids, and antioxidants as well as Sinensetin and Imperatorin.

}, keywords = {Antioxidant, Flavonoid, Imperata cylindrica, Polyphenol}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2022.14.103}, author = {Raden Anita Indriyanti and Eko Fuji Ariyanto and Hermin Aminah Usman and Ristaniah Rose Effendy and Diah Dhianawaty} }