@article {2509, title = {Metabolomic Study on Indonesian Green Tea (Camellia Sinensis L.) Cultivation}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {17}, year = {2025}, month = {June 2025}, pages = {331-341}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {331}, abstract = {

Background: Indonesia has been one of the largest tea producers in the world with one of the reputable plantations in Ngargoyoso region, Java Island in which the plantation specified in five green teas variants, TRI 2024, TRI 2025, Gambong, Kiara and Chinruan. Despite their premium quality, there were limited metabolites information related to varieties, altitude, and plucking position existed in Ngargoyoso. Objective: this research aimed to investigate metabolite profiling affected by varieties, plucking positions and altitudes in the tea plantation grown in Ngargoyoso, Indonesia. Material and Methods: Green tea (Camellia sinensis L.) grown in the plantation are five varieties TRI 2025, Gambong, TRI2024, Kiara and Chinruan in Ngargoyoso. Results: 1H NMR metabolomics protocol successfully identified TRI 2025 variety to have higher levels of theanine, catechins and caffeine than other varieties. The young leaves plucking position showed a higher level of catechin, EGCG, caffeine, theobromine, and L-glutamine than the older ones. While green tea at 1159 masl contains a higher level of theanine, L-glutamin, α-glucose, β-glucose, quinic acid, and succinic acid than those at 899 masl. This makes the TRI 2025 variety at the young position can be recommended to be the best quality in taste and benefits. Conclusion: Present study might suggest the tea quality based on metabolites profiling both for taste and benefits.

}, keywords = {Tea leaves; Camellia sinensis; metabolite profiling; 1H-NMR; Indonesia}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2025.17.43}, author = {Dinar S. C. Wahyuni and Raissa. K. Putri and Anik Arniyanti and Sasha H. Audita and Syaiful Choiri and Saptono Hadi and Rita Rakhmawati and Estu R. Nugraheni and Soerya D. Marliyana and Yudi Rinanto and Ari Satia Nugraha and Ahmad Ainurofiq} } @article {1970, title = {The Effect of Drying Methods on Chemical Profiling of Zingiberaceae Herbs Production}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {15}, year = {2023}, month = {March 2023}, pages = {128-133}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {128}, abstract = {

Background: Drying method is one of the important steps in post-harvesting in herbal production in order to prolong the shelf-life of herbal medicine and to ensure the good quality. Objective: This research aimed to profile and quantify the metabolites changing using metabolomic based on 1H-NMR Spectroscopy on Curcuma and Zingiber genus due to the drying process. Material and Methods: Five species of the Curcuma and Zingiber genus were Curcuma longa L., Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb., Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb., Zingiber officinale Roscoe. and Zingiber amaricans BI. The drying method applied were freeze drying and oven drying method at -1080C and 500C, respectively. Samples were extracted using buffer phosphate and deuterated methanol (3:7). The analysis was performed using 1H-NMR spectroscopy 400 MHz with TSP as an internal standard. The 1H-NMR spectra were analysed with multivariate (Principal Component Analysis). Results: The relative concentrations of sucrose and fructose at 5 samples in freeze drying method showed significant higher content than those in oven drying. On the other hands, glucose was mostly significant higher concentration in oven drying at 5 samples. Fructose and sucrose were significantly higher in freeze drying method than those in oven drying in Curcuma and Zingiber genera. Relative glucose content was higher in oven drying at Curcuma genus Conclusion: Therefore, oven drying method which applied heating at 500C is an appropriate method for herbal medicine production, especially in Curcuma and Zingiber genus, for maintaining the major secondary metabolites.

}, keywords = {Curcuma Genus, Freeze drying, Multivariate, Oven drying, Zingiber Genus.}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2023.15.17}, author = {Dinar Sari C. Wahyuni and Siti A. E. Astuti and Soerya Dewi Marliyana and Yudi Rinanto and Tiara Dewi S. Pratama and Ahmad Fauzi and Ari Satia Nugraha} }