@article {2258, title = {Analysis of the Giving of Mp-Asi Through Food Based on Majene{\textquoteright}s Local Wisdom for Stunting Prevention}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {16}, year = {2024}, month = {April 2024}, pages = {372-377}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {372}, abstract = {

Background: Majene Society own tradition and knowledge typical in selecting, processing, and consuming food. Use food local can maintain diversity food and culture local. Food local has proven effective for growth baby optimally. Goals: With do comprehensive analysis to provision of MP-ASI through foodbased wisdom local Majene, expected can an effective and sustainable stunting prevention program was developed. Method: Method research used is study qualitative with design phenomenology. Informant in study This are 103 Baduta mothers who are exclusively breastfed, and live in rural districts Pamboang and District Tameroddo. Data analyzed use content analysis through N-Vivo 12 app. Results: Food tree chief in Tameroddo is rice red Because rice red become plant lots of fields found and easy grows in mountainous areas. Meanwhile in the Coastal Region Pamboang Still consistent with rice white or yams. Typical vegetables is leaf moringa, Langurru {\textquoteright}, and Lallere {\textquoteright}. Government Regency Majene push planting leaf moringa in each home easy get and help in increase continuity food, savings cost, and independence food in Majene. Besides That, leaf moringa of course known known as " tree magic " because mark high nutrition. Majene Society own access and consumption vegetables langngurru {\textquoteright} and lallere {\textquoteright} are just that found in the area mountains Tameroddo. Usually leaf This used as plant medicine, but in this area made as processed vegetables with add mango sour. Side dish typical Majene known with called " Baupapi ". Habit consumption child given Eat with Fish sauce is considered Already enough , even often this fish sauce considered as replacement vegetables , though very easy found various the main fish species in the coastal area Pamboang . Known Pineapple in local language Majene as {\textquotedblleft}Pandeng{\textquotedblright} is easiest fruit found Because grow with flourish in the yards House citizen. Findings food local the has content test nutrition and recipe test so that can used as the proper MP-ASI menu for given to baby for optimal growth. Conclusions and Suggestions: Important For ensure that kids get too consumption of fish or other protein sources as well as nutrition from vegetables and sources food other. Order child get appropriate nutrition through provision of adequate MP-ASI. Recommended to nanny , power health and government regency Majene to encourage provision of local MP-ASI with still notice mark appropriate nutrition , MP -ASI module as research output This can used as guidelines Proper provision of MP-ASI .

}, keywords = {Food based Local, MP-ASI, Stunting Prevention}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2024.16.57}, author = {Evawati and Nurhaedar Jafar and Healthy Hidayanty and Sudirman Natsir and Razak Thaha and Ridwan Amiruddin and Citrakesumasari and Lucy Widiasari and Anwar Mallongi} } @article {2238, title = {Antibacterial Potential of Durian (Durio zibethinus murr.) Waste as an Alternative Disinfectant in Raw Drinking Water - A Literature Review}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {16}, year = {2024}, month = {February 2024}, pages = {255-262}, type = {Review Article}, chapter = {255}, abstract = {

Efforts continue to be made to eliminate pathogenic bacteria in drinking water by using safer disinfection materials. The use of local plants as disinfection materials is highly desirable. The durian plant (Durio zibethinus) can be a very promising alternative as a natural disinfection agent to destroy pathogenic bacteria in drinking water. This narrative review comes from three online journal databases that provide free journal articles in PDF format, collected over the last ten years. The main keywords in conducting a literature review through online journals are "Durian, Durio Zibethinus, antibacterial, disinfectant, drinking water". Of the 5,693 journals identified in the three databases, 21 studies remained that met the requirements for inclusion in this review. This included study illustrates that fruit rind, seed, and leaf extracts from the durian plant have antimicrobial properties. Durian plants have antibacterial active compounds such as phenolics, alkaloids, steroids, saponins, tannins, flavonoids and triterpenoids. The antimicrobial potential tested using the diffusion and dilution method indicated that the presence of antimicrobial ingredients in the durian plant extraction was in the strong category. Some pathogenic bacteria in water that can be inhibited or killed are Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aerugenosa, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphilococcus aureus, Shigella boydii and Salmonella Typhi. This shows that there is an opportunity for the durian plant to provide a solution and great hope as a safe and economical alternative disinfection material as a replacement for current disinfection materials. Index terms: Durian (Durio zibethinus), antibacterial, disinfectant, drinking water.

}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2024.16.37}, author = {Rahwan Ahmad and Ridwan Amiruddin and A.Arsunan Arsin and Stang Stang and Hasanuddin Ishak and Yahya Thamrin and Anwar Mallongi} } @article {2362, title = {Application-based Reproductive Health Education on Reproductive Health Risk Behavior among Adolescents in Ternate City}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {16}, year = {2024}, month = {August 2024}, pages = {942-948}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {942}, abstract = {

Background: The current era of digitalization is encouraging public health literacy to increase, especially among teenagers who are close to gadgets, so that the term e-health literacy is known, namely digital health literacy is defined as the ability to search, find and understand health information available in resources. electronically and use information obtained from these resources to overcome health problems. Objective: To determine the effectiveness of application-based reproductive health education to increase positive behavior of adolescents in Ternate City. Method: This research uses a Quasi-experimental method (Pre-post Control Design). The number of samples in this study was 300 teenagers aged 12- 15 years, in Ternate City. The measurement uses a questionnaire to measure knowledge, attitudes, actions, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and health literacy. The analysis used is the mean difference test, namely the Wilcoxon test and the Mann-Whitney test. Research Results: The distribution of respondents based on age groups in the control group and in the intervention group was mostly in the 13 year age group, namely 119 people (79.3\%) and 111 people (74.0\%), the most common gender was female. The results of the analysis showed that there were no differences between the control and intervention groups before treatment, there were differences between the control and intervention groups after treatment, there were differences before and after treatment in the variables knowledge (p value = 0.000), action (p value = 0.000), and health literacy (0.007) (p value \< 0.05). However, there is no difference for the variables Attitude, Subjective Norms, Behavioral Control. There are differences before and after treatment in the variables knowledge (p value = 0.000), attitude (p value = 0.000), action (p value = 0.000), subjective norms (p value = 0.000), behavioral control (p value = 0.000) and health literacy (p value = 0.000) (p value \< 0.05). Conclusion: Application-based reproductive health education has a good impact in increasing positive behavior among teenagers in Ternate City, this is based on changes in knowledge, attitudes, subjective norms, behavioral control and health literacy.

}, keywords = {Adolescents., Application, Reproductive Health, Risk Behavior}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2024.16.152}, author = {Muhlisa and Ridwan Amiruddin and Apik Indarty Moedjiono and Suriah and Rizal Damanik and Ummu Salmah and Sudirman Nasir and Intan Sari Areni and Anwar Mallongi} } @article {2350, title = {Community-Based Electronic Recording and Reporting in Indonesia: Systematic Review}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {16}, year = {2024}, month = {August 2024}, pages = {860-864}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {860}, abstract = {

Background: Implementing electronic-based health information systems in Indonesia has shown a significant increase in the last decade. However, many problems still need to be solved that hinder the effectiveness of this system. Studies describing the implementation of electronic-based data collection, monitoring, and reporting show confusing results. Aim: This review aims to evaluate the implementation of community-based electronic data collection, monitoring and reporting. Method: PRISMA guidelines was used to conduct this review. Databases used to search relevant literature including PubMed, Sciencedirect, Willey Online Library, and Proquest. Authors independently screening and extracted the data from the eligible studies. CASP for qualitative study was used to assess the quality of the study. Result: There are nine studies that matched with the inclusion criteria. Area of recording, monitoring, and reporting including maternal and child health, NCDs, and Tuberculosis. the challenges faced by Indonesia in implementing the ERMR including internet connections, access to electricity, absence of regulations, human resources, facilities, Fragmented application, Age, Pandemic, and lack of communication. Based on those barriers, infrastructure in supporting the implementation of ERMR is the most stated in the studies included. Conclusion: The implementation of ERMR is crucial for the Indonesian government to address immediately, given the significantly substantial benefits for the health status of the Indonesian people. The availability of adequate infrastructure, especially in remote areas, will support satisfactory public health services.

}, keywords = {Health, Indonesia., Monitoring, Recording, Reporting}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2024.16.140}, author = {Rahmat Haji Saeni and Andi Zulkifli Abdullah and Veni Hadju and Ridwan Amiruddin and Agus Bintara Birawida and Suriah and Rika Handayani and Anwar Mallongi} } @article {2265, title = {Determinants of Adverse Birth Outcomes in Ambon, Indonesia: A Case-Control Study}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {16}, year = {2024}, month = {April 2024}, pages = {410-414}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {410}, abstract = {

Background: Globally, adverse birth outcomes were still high, especially in low and middle-income countries like Indonesia. Stillbirth, preterm birth (PTB), low birth weight (LBW), and first-minute birth asphyxia are some of the adverse birth outcomes. The incidence of adverse birth in Ambon is quite high but never been any research about determinants of adverse birth outcomes. Objective: This study aims to examine the determinants of adverse birth outcomes and identify the main modifiable risk factors in Ambon. Method: This retrospective case-control study included all birth outcomes in August and September 2023 in Ambon, Indonesia. A total of 165 birth outcomes (55 cases and 110 controls) with complete information in Puskesmas and Posyandu were included in the analysis. The Chi-square test and regression analyses were applied to evaluate the association between variables. Result: This study showed the impact of pregnant women{\textquoteright}s age, parity, passive smoking, ANC examination, and ANC counseling on birth outcomes. There are differences in maternal age (p=0.006; 95\% CI: 1.22-6.11), parity (p=0.001; 95\% CI: 1.52-8.51), passive smokers (p=0.004; 95\% CI: 1.37-8.99, ANC examination (p=0.02; 95\% CI: 1.08-5.01) and ANC counseling (p=0.002; 95\% CI: 1.44-8.67) between case and control groups. Conclusion: Maternal age (<= 20 and \>35 years old), parity (one and >= 5), passive smokers, ANC examination not according to standard, and ANC counseling without a husband were associated with a high risk of all adverse birth outcomes.

}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2024.16.64}, author = {Magdalena Paunno and Ridwan Amiruddin and Masni and Mardiana Ahmad and Bertha Jean Que and Ridwan Thaha and Sudirman Nasir and Anwar Mallongi} } @article {2356, title = {Development and Feasibility Test of the Self-Management Hypertension (SMH) Application for Elderly People with Hypertension in Makassar City}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {16}, year = {2024}, month = {August 2024}, pages = {902-909}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {902}, abstract = {

Background: The Self Management Hypertension (SMH) application is a digital-based educational media solution to improve knowledge of elderly with HT in managing their disease independently, easy to use and can be accessed wherever they are. Smartphone -based digital technology, Recently, it has become a very common tool needed by most people, including the elderly, not only as a communication tool but can also be used as a medium for education and information. Research Objectives: This research aims to design the development of a prototype of the SMH application and to determine the feasibility of the SMH application for self-management of hypertension for the elderly. Method: The research method used is Research and Development (R\&D). The research subjects for the expert validation test consisted of 3 experts. Meanwhile, the application trial subjects consisted of a one-on-one trial sample of 3 elderly people and a small group trial of 12 elderly people. Data collection uses the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) questionnaire which consists of 13 questions with 4 assessment aspects, namely the convenience aspect, usefulness aspect, trust aspect and user intention aspect. There are 4 Likert scale answer choices ranging from strongly agree to strongly disagree. Results: Expert validation results show the percentage and eligibility criteria are 86.6\%. The results of one-on-one trials show that the ease of application aspect is in the range of 3.25-4.00, the usefulness aspect is in the range of 3.00-4.00, the trust aspect is in the range of 3.67-4.00 and the user intention aspect is in the range of 3.00-4. .00. Small group trials showed an average convenience aspect of 3.52, an average usefulness aspect of 3.53, an average trust aspect of 3.69 and an average user intention aspect of 3.64. Conclusion: The SMH application has decent content, is easy to use, very useful, and trustworthy, thereby increasing the intention of elderly people with HT to use the SMH application

}, keywords = {Elderly, Hypertension, Self Management, SMH Application, TAM.}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2024.16.146}, author = {Hilda Harun and Ridwan Amiruddin and A. Arsunan Arsin and Abdul Salam and Mondastri Korib Sudaryo and H. Muh. Syafar and A. Ummu Salmah and Sudirman Natsir and Anwar Mallongi} } @article {2339, title = {The Effect of Giving Iodized Salt and Multi Micro Nutrients to Pregnant Women on the Nutritional Status of Pregnant Women in Majene Regency}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {16}, year = {2024}, month = {August 2024}, pages = {779-784}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {779}, abstract = {

Background: Maternal nutritional needs during pregnancy increase due to physiological, metabolic and anatomical changes. If the intake is insufficient, there will be deficiencies in both macro and micro nutrients. Multimicronutrient deficiency will affect the growth and anemia status of pregnant women. Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of giving iodized salt and Multi Micronutrient Supplements to pregnant women on hemoglobin levels, body weight, iodine levels in urine and pregnancy outcomes. Method: This research is an analytical research using an experimental design that controls several nonexperimental variables and there is a control group as a comparison group to understand the effect of treatment. Determining the sample in this study used a random experimental method where 200 pregnant women were used as the research sample. The results showed that there was a significant change or increase in Hb levels (p=0.006; \<0.000; \<0.000), body weight (p=0.001; \<0.000; \<0.000), lila (\<0.0015; \<0.000; \<0.000 ), Iodine levels (\<0.000; \<0.000; \<0.000), between the group given iodized salt and MMS and the group given MMS. In this study, in the group of pregnant women who received iodized salt and MMS intervention, on average there was an increase or change in HB levels, iodine levels, mother{\textquoteright}s weight, baby{\textquoteright}s weight and abdominal length and circumference compared to those who received MMS. for pregnant women is to regularly maintain nutritional intake during pregnancy, especially consuming iodized salt and MMS which is beneficial for the health of pregnant women and the baby they are carrying.

}, keywords = {Pregnant women; Iodine Salt; Multi Micro Nutrient Supplement; Nutritional status.}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2024.16.129}, author = {Darmin Dina and Nurhaedar Jafar and Veni Hadju and Hasnawati Amqam and Ridwan Amiruddin and Wahiduddin and Anwar Mallongi and Apik Indarty Moedjiono and Anang S. Otoluwa and Yulianah Sulaiman} } @article {2413, title = {The Effectiveness of Booklet and Images Game Education in Anemia Adolescent Women on Anemia Prevention Knowledge, Attitudes and Behavior}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {16}, year = {2024}, month = {October 2024}, pages = {1183-1187}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {1183}, abstract = {

Background : Risk factors for anemia in adolescents are lack of education, as well as adolescents inability to apply the information obtained in daily life. Effective health education improving adolescents knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors related to health. Objective : This study aims to test the effectiveness of Booklet and Image game education in adolescent girls on knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors to prevennt anemia. Participants were young women aged 15-19 years in the work area of the bayan Health Center and Gangga Health Center, who were selected through a screening process of 186 participants. each location had 93 respondents. Method : usiang a quasi-experimental two-group pre-test post-test design. In both groups, a pre-test was carried out furthermore, the intervention group was given health education through booklets and image game education, and the control group received health education with booklets. After the intervention was carried out, a pot-test was carried out on both groups. Results : Coherence analysis showed that the control group (booklet), adolescent girl with anemia who received the booklet and image game education in the intervention group reported better knowledge about anemia (p=0,000, n2 p=0,727)attitudes about anemia (p=0,000, n2 p=0,698), and behavior of adolescent girls with anemia between the intervention group and the control group were much different after being given with anemia between the intervention group and the control group were much different after being given booklets and image game education compared to adolescent girls who only received booklets. Conclusion : A multifaceted approach to health education can have a significant positive impact, especially when it involves interactive elements.therefore, the same educational program can be applied in various places to increase the effectiveness of a program or activity goal

}, keywords = {Adolescent women, Anemia, Attitudes, Behavior, Booklet, Image Game Education, knowledge}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2024.16.193}, author = {Misroh Mulianingsih and Suriah Suriah and Healthy Hidayanty and Ridwan Amiruddin and Veny Hadju and Dea Wulandari and Andi Ummu Salmah} } @article {2334, title = {Effects of ADCES7 Self Care Behavior Application and Acupressure on Changes in Blood Glucose Levels in Obesive, Prediabetic Women}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {16}, year = {2024}, month = {August 2024}, pages = {744-750}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {744}, abstract = {

Background: Prediabetes and obesity in women are important health problems today. Appropriate selfmanagement and other methods are needed to overcome this. Objective: To assess the magnitude of the difference in changes in fasting blood glucose levels, before and after carrying out ADCES7 self-care behavior and acupressure. Method: This research is quasi-experimental research. The research design used was the Non-Randomized Pre Test - Post Test Control Group, which gathered obese, prediabetic women in the Kalumata Community Health Center, Siko Community Health Center and Posbindu under the PKK Ternate City through screening by excluding those who had suffered from diabetes mellitus and were pregnant. This group was then divided into the ADCES7 self care behavior intervention group, the acupressure group and the combined ADCES7 self care behavior and acupressure group. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess changes in fasting blood glucose levels. Results: Respondents in this study were 102 people who were divided into three groups. The results showed that there was an effect of Self Management intervention p(0.016)\<0.05, acupressure intervention p(0.032)\<0.05, and the combination group of Self Management and Acupressure p(0.011)\<0.05 on changes in fasting blood glucose levels in prediabetic obese women. Conclusion: obese prediabetic women who are aware and active in self-management ACDES7 self care behavior and acupressure can reduce blood glucose levels and body weight in obese prediabetic women

}, keywords = {Acupressure, ADCES7 Self Care Behavior., Obesity, Prediabetes}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2024.16.124}, author = {Acce Basri and Syamsiar Russeng and Nurhaedar Jafar and Ridwan Amiruddin and Yahya Thamrin and Masni Masni and Muhammad Safar and Siti Muslimatun and Anwar Mallongi} } @article {2399, title = {Exploration of Adolescent Knowledge Experiences and Efforts to Identify Interventions on the Use of Digital Technology Information Media to Increase Knowledge related to HIV/AIDS Prevention}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {16}, year = {2024}, month = {October 2024}, pages = {1150-1158}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {1150}, abstract = {

Background: HIV/AIDS has become a pandemic that worries the world community, especially teenagers because of their lack of understanding in tackling the prevention and spread of HIV/AIDS. One of the things that can be done is to identify interventions in the utilization of digital technology information media. Purpose: This study focuses on exploring the experiences of adolescents in efforts and in identifying interventions using digital technology information media to increase knowledge related to HIV/AIDS prevention. Methods: Qualitative research using interpretive descriptive approach and literature review on teenage students of SMA Negeri 4 (SMA A) and SMK Negeri 6 (SMA B) in Pangkep Regency, Class II and Class III. Sampling using t purposive sampling type of criteria sampling. The number of participants is 20 people and 5 participants who fall into the source triangulation category. Semi-structured interview guidelines with in-depth interviews, FGDs and observations using field notes. Results: There are 4 main themes that are obtained, namely: 1) Lack of youth knowledge about HIV/AIDS; 2) Perception of adolescents{\textquoteright} response control towards HIV/AIDS sufferers (ODHA); 3) Work Program in efforts to prevent HIV/AIDS; 4) The needs of adolescents, teachers, health center staff, and the health office regarding plans for developing interventions to increase youth knowledge in efforts to prevent HIV/AIDS. Conclusion: Respondents have inadequate knowledge about HIV/AIDS, show negative attitudes towards PLHIV and are also involved in risky practices that can affect HIV transmission. This shows that the provision of accurate and comprehensive information related to HIV/ AIDS is a component of prevention and control interventions that must be increased so that intervention strategies are needed to alleviate suffering and possibly reduce the negative consequences that may occur.

}, keywords = {HIV/AIDS, Intervention Strategy, knowledge, Model Development, Youth}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2024.16.188}, author = {Rusli Taher and H. Muh. Syafar and A. Indahwaty Sidin and Stang and Oedojo Soedirman and Syamsiar S. Russeng and Ridwan Amiruddin and Andi Armyn Nurdin and Anwar Mallongi} } @article {2355, title = {Identification of Effort and Issues in the Prevention of Diabetic Foot in the Community: A Qualitative Study}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {16}, year = {2024}, month = {August 2024}, pages = {895-901}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {895}, abstract = {

Background: Diabetic foot is one of chronic complications that can cause significant issue on diabetes mellitus patient. In addition to contributing to mortality and morbidity rate, this disease also increases the family as well as national health economy burdens. Therefore, preventive efforts are necessary to decrease the risk of diabetic foot. In this case, intervention model in preventing diabetic foot is known to focus more on diabetes mellitus patients and healthcare service provider. Objective: Current research aims to identify the determinant of the efforts and issues in the prevention of diabetic foot in the community. Method: This research applied qualitative method through focus group discussion and indepth interview with 19 informants selected through purposive sampling, including the holder of Public Health Center programs, cadre, diabetes mellitus patients, and family. Data obtained through record were further transcribed and analyzed thematically. Result: There are several themes produced, including the education of foot care, cadre empowerment, role of cadre, strategy of cadre empowerment, knowledge, perception, self-efficacy, as well as patient and family strengthening. Conclusion: Diabetic foot preventive efforts focuses on the education of foot care and cadre empowerment in the community. Meanwhile, the issues discovered include the lack of knowledge, perception, efficacy and behavior in taking care of foot on diabetes mellitus patients. Hence, further study is needed in designing proper intervention strategy to prevent diabetic foot in the community.

}, keywords = {Diabetes mellitus, Diabetic foot prevention.}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2024.16.145}, author = {Tini and Darmawansyah and Ridwan Amiruddin and Masni and Anwar Mallongi} } @article {2221, title = {Implementation Model of Acceptance of Covid-19 Booster Vaccine in Elderly in Bogor City}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {16}, year = {2024}, month = {February 2024}, pages = {145-149}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {145}, abstract = {

Objective: The major impact of COVID-19 occurs especially on the elderly, however the vaccination achievement rate among them tends to be low. The COVID-19 vaccination strategy for the elderly must still be implemented even though WHO has been revoked the Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) status for COVID-19. One approach that can be taken is to empower the elderly in the vaccination process. This research aims to see the effectiveness of changes in knowledge, attitudes and behavior of the elderly regarding acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine after receiving educational intervention using modules using the peer group method. Method: Quasi-experiment with a one-group pretest-posttest pattern. The research was conducted at the North Bogor Community Health Center in April-June 2023 on 66 elderly people taken using a purposive sampling technique. The questionnaire is used to look at characteristics, vaccine history, assess respondents{\textquoteright} knowledge, attitudes and behavior regarding the COVID-19 situation. Data collection went through three stages, namely pre-test distribution, peer group method using module-19 and post-test distribution. Bivariate analysis with dependent t-test using SPSS 23.0 software. Results: The majority of elderly people were aged 60-74 years (90.9\%) and there was a significant increase (p\<0.05) in the average score of knowledge, attitudes and behavior of elderly people before and after being given the intervention. The average knowledge score before intervention was 69.60 {\textpm} 9.51 and after intervention 80.30 {\textpm} 10.29, attitude score before intervention 80.43 {\textpm} 9.61 and after intervention 85.25 {\textpm} 11.99, and behavior score before intervention 86.29 {\textpm} 14.67 and after intervention 90.35 {\textpm} 10.34. Conclusion: implementation of the model with intervention modules is effective in increasing knowledge, attitudes and behavior. It is hoped that with this increase, elderly people will be able to receive the COVID-19 vaccine.

}, keywords = {Acceptance of the COVID-19 Vaccine, Attitudes, Behavior, knowledge, Module, Peer group}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2024.16.20}, author = {Astrid Dewi Prabaningtyas and Ridwan Amiruddin and A Arsunan Arsin and Healthy Hidayanty and Chatarina Umbul W and Ummu Salmah and Lalu Muh Saleh and Sudirman Nasir and Anwar Mallongi} } @article {2390, title = {Improving Tuberculosis Detection: A Comprehensive Evaluation of Contact Investigation Implementation}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {16}, year = {2024}, month = {October 2024}, pages = {1103-1109}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {1103}, abstract = {

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death. Indonesia is currently ranked 2nd globally, and the incidence rate increases yearly. TB is highly contagious to risk groups, especially to those who live in one house. Purpose. This study aims to evaluate the implementation of tuberculosis contact investigation by health workers and health cadres in Samarinda City, Indonesia. Methods: This study was conducted with an exploratory qualitative design to explore the implementation of Active Case Finding through contact investigation in Samarinda. As research informants, there are five managers of the tuberculosis program of the Samarinda City Health Office and Public Health Center, four Health Cadres, and ten household contacts of tuberculosis patients. Results: The results of the in-depth interviews identified three domains, eight themes, and 22 sub-themes. We found several obstacles in investigating the TB patient case index contacts, including a lack of resources, low awareness of household contacts, and difficulty meeting targets. Conclusion: Lack of resources and use of conventional instruments indicate less effective coverage of contact investigations. Low awareness of household contact for screening is due to a lack of understanding of TB, shame as a family of TB sufferers, denying the existence of TB symptoms, and not wanting others to know about their health conditions.

}, keywords = {Contact Investigation, Evaluation, Tuberculosis Detection}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2024.16.179}, author = {Joko Sapto Pramono and Ridwan Amiruddin and Ida Leida and Aminuddin Syam and Anwar Mallongi} } @article {2236, title = {Microbial Quantitative Risk Assessment in Springs as Community Drinking Water Sources in the Banggai Islands Karst Area, Central Sulawesi}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {16}, year = {2024}, month = {February 2024}, pages = {241-247}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {241}, abstract = {

The Banggai Karst Area of the Islands of Central Sulawesi Province is dominated by the appearance of the Karst Ecosystem, which covers 97\% of the total area, so it is very vulnerable to pathogenic bacterial contamination. This type of research is an observational study with a Cross-Sectional design with an Environmental Health Risk Assessment (EHRA) approach method to assess or forecast the amount of human health risk caused by exposure to environmental hazards. Quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) determines or predicts the human health risk caused by exposure to environmental hazards from pathogenic bacterial contamination. In this study, we collected 230 human samples and four samples of springs as a source of community drinking water, namely Paisu Lalomo Spring in South Buko District, Paisu Taabak in Liang District, Paisu Olulan in North Bulagi District and Paisu Sinangkal North Tinangkung District. The examination results on four springs as a source of community drinking water contained one sample with the highest probability of infection (Pinf) of 3.92 x10-4, namely Coliform bacteria in Paisu Lalomo springs. Furthermore, the annual chance of infection (Pinf / year), the highest pathogenic bacteria, was also found in Paisu Lalomo spring samples, namely in coliform bacteria with the same value (Pinf / year) = 1.32{\texttimes}10-1. However, examination of other bacteria also showed that all positive springs contained coliform bacteria and Enterococcus exceeding the specified limit (1x10-4). Risk management is needed to control risk factors that can cause health problems due to consuming and utilizing springs as a source of drinking water.

}, keywords = {Karst, Pathogenic bacteria, QMRA, Springs}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2024.16.35}, author = {Ferdy Salamat and Anwar Daud and Agus Bintara Birawida and Amran Achmad and Muh. Syafar and Ridwan Amiruddin and Stang and Langgeng Wahyu Santoso and Anwar Mallongi} } @article {2410, title = {Obstacles to the Complementary Feeding Assistance Program for Stunted Children Aged 6-24 Months: A Systematic Review}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {16}, year = {2024}, month = {October 2024}, pages = {1209-1217}, type = {Review Article}, chapter = {1209}, abstract = {

Stunting is a condition of stunted physical and cognitive growth caused by malnutrition during the development of children under five. UNICEF and WHO recommendations stipulate exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months and breastfeeding for up to two years. Apart from that, it is very important to provide complementary foods for breast milk for 6-23 months. The aim of the research is to determine the obstacles to the Complementary Feeding assistance program for stunted children aged 6-24 months. The method used is a Systematic Literature Review. Health database with search engines Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direch, ProQuest and Scinapse. The search strategy uses the keywords: Program Constraints, Complementary Feeding, Stunting and Baduta. Identifying research articles for 2017-2023 and using PRISMA flowcharts and literature eligibility criteria based on the PICOS framework. A total of 10,523 articles were identified. Five articles used cross sectional methods, three survey articles, one descriptive analysis article and one cohort article. There were 10 eligible articles that met the inclusion criteria. Based on the results of the identification of Complementary Feeding assistance programs for stunted children aged 6-24 months. There is a correlation between obstacles to the mentoring program related to non-optimal complementary feeding practices (accuracy, diversity and frequency), lack of knowledge and experience, obstacles in communication skills (delivering key messages), selfefficacy/ working mothers, sanitation/environmental conditions, socio-economic, weak regulations and government programs including increasing community-based programs such as posyandu. If children aged 0-23 months receive inappropriate complementary foods, they are at high risk of stunting. Various obstacles to the Complementary Feeding assistance program will influence the program{\textquoteright}s emphasis on promoting children{\textquoteright}s growth and development to prevent stunting. Conclusion: the Complementary Feeding mentoring program is not optimal, due to various obstacles (specific and sensitive) faced in providing Complementary Feeding to stunted children aged 6-23 months.

}, keywords = {Breast milk, Complementary Feeding, Program Barriers}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2024.16.198}, author = {Icha Dian Nurcahyani and Ridwan Amiruddin and Yahya Thamrin and Wahiduddin and Aminuddin Syam and Nurhaedar Jafar and Anwar Mallongi} } @article {2239, title = {Occupational Diseases in Female Workers in the Industrial World, Indonesia: Hazard Types and Exposure Mechanisms {\textendash} Literature Review}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {16}, year = {2024}, month = {February 2024}, pages = {263-267}, type = {Review Article}, chapter = {263}, abstract = {

Background: Occupational diseases are diseases caused by work and the work environment. Specifically gender, women have a double burden, namely domestic work in the household and the burden of being a breadwinner who works outside the home, women are also faced with reproductive tasks, namely pregnancy, childbirth and breastfeeding, and bioanatomically women have physical strength different from men, so that women are specifically more vulnerable to health risks due to their work, both physically, mental and social. This research will review the types and mechanisms of the spread of Occupational Diseases (OD) in female workers in the industrial world. Methods: The writing of this research was carried out using the Literature Review method which is a literature review method in which scientific articles are selected by researchers related to the research topic. Results: According to the results of the study, the specific risk of occupational diseases in the female worker community is pregnancy and childbirth disorders, Anemia and Sexuall Transmitted Disease (STD), while other accompanying diseases are Pulmonary Obstruction Disease, Tinea pedis, Neurotoksic Symptoms, Noice Induce Hearing Loss (NIHL), Low Back Pain (LBP), MSDs, and Work Stress. Conclusion: Every female worker has a susceptibility to occupational diseases according to the conditions and work environment experienced. The industry must pay attention to programs to improve occupational health by making anticipatory efforts so that occupational diseases do not become a life threat to female workers.

}, keywords = {Female Worker, Hazard, Industry, Occupational Disease}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2024.16.38}, author = {Mirawati Tongko and Yahya Thamrin and Syamsiar S. Russeng and Lalu Muhammad Saleh and Sukri Palutturi and Ridwan Amiruddin and Irwandy and Anwar Mallongi and Maria Kanan and Fahrudin Lahay and Almustari} } @article {2263, title = {Peer Group Empowerment to Improve Teenagers{\textquoteright} Behavior in Consuming Blood Supplement Tablets Through the Youth Integrated Healthcare Center Program}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {16}, year = {2024}, month = {April 2024}, pages = {400-404}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {400}, abstract = {

Backgrounds: South Sulawesi Province ranks in the top 7 with a percentage of 58.9\% coverage of TTD provision to adolescent girls. Based on data from the Gowa District Health Service in 2021, it shows that the number of coverage for taking blood-added tablets among young women is 57\% of the accumulated achievements of 26 health centers, where the health center with the lowest number of coverage for taking blood-added tablets is one of the Kanjilo Community Health Centers with an achievement of 18\% of 1239 targets targets. Youth Integrated Healthcare Center with a peer-group approach allows for continuous interaction between peer educators and their peers so that the delivery of information is more intensive. This research aims to determine the effect of peer group empowerment to increase adolescent behavior in consuming blood supplement tablets at the Youth Integrated Healthcare Center, Barombong District, Gowa Regency. Methods: This research uses a quantitative method of quasi-experimental design with a pre-test and post-test group approach. The population in this study were all members of the youth Integrated Healthcare Center in the Kanjilo health center working area, Barombong sub-district, South Sulawesi province, who were divided into two groups, namely the intervention group and the control group, each with 40 people. Results: The results of the study showed that there was a significant effect of peer group empowerment intervention on intention, self-efficacy, knowledge, attitudes, parental support, and teacher support in the intervention group and control group in consuming blood supplement tablets in youth Integrated Healthcare Center with a p-value \< 0.05. Apart from that, the results showed that adolescent Integrated Healthcare Center participants were more disciplined in consuming blood supplement tablets because of peer invitations which made changes in adolescent behavior in a more positive direction. Conclusion: There is a significant influence between the intervention group and the control group before and after being given counseling and peer group empowerment training on adolescent behavior in consuming blood supplement tablets.

}, keywords = {blood supplement tablets, peer groups, Teenagers, youth Integrated Healthcare Center}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2024.16.62}, author = {Nurjanna and Muhammad Syafar and Syria and Ridwan M. Thaha and Abdul Salam and Ridwan Amiruddin and Anwar Mallongi} } @article {2361, title = {Phytochemical Screening and Antibacterial Activity Test of Ethanol Extract of Durian (Durio Zibethinus murr.) Soya Varieties Against Pathogen Bacteria Escherichia Coli in Raw Drinking Water}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {16}, year = {2024}, month = {August 2024}, pages = {933-941}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {933}, abstract = {

Introduction: Durian (Durio zibethinus) fruit skin contains antibacterial compounds. The antibacterial content in durian skin (Durio zibethinus) such as alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, phenols and tannins can inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhosa and Staphylococcus aureus and act as a disinfection agent. This research aims to determine the secondary metabolite compounds and antibacterial activity of the ethanol extract of Soya durian peel against the pathogenic bacteria Escherichia coli ATCC 25922. Methods: This type of research is a laboratory experiment, including making Soya durian peel extract using the maceration method using 96\% ethanol solvent. The antibacterial activity test was carried out using the liquid dilution method to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC) value and the solid dilution method to determine the Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) value. Results: Based on qualitative phytochemical screening, Soya durian peel ethanol extract contains secondary metabolite compounds with an average content of 4.24\% alkaloids, 22.95\% flavonoids, 1.74\% saponins, 57.41\% phenols and 2.27\% tannins. Soya durian peel extract has an MIC against E. coli ATCC 25922 bacteria of 3.12\%, while the MBC value of Soya durian peel extract against E. coli ATCC 25922 bacteria is 6.25\%. The results of the One Way ANOVA analysis of the Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) data have a significant value of 0.00 \< 0.05. The results of the Pearson correlation test (r) showed a significant number of 0.000 (p \< 0.05), the Pearson correlation coefficient between concentration and number of bacterial colonies was (r) = 0.812. This means that the higher the concentration of Soya durian peel ethanol extract given, the less the number of E.coli ATCC 2592 bacterial colonies will be reduced. The results of a simple linear regression test showed that the value of Y = 245.618 {\textendash} 29.016 245,618 colonies and each increase in the concentration of Soya durian peel ethanol extract by 1\% will cause a decrease in the number of bacterial colonies to 29,016 colonies. Conclusion: Soya durian skin extract has antibacterial compounds that can kill pathogenic Escherichia coli bacteria in raw drinking water.

}, keywords = {Antibacterial, Durian (Durio zibethinus) Soya variety, Escherichia coli, Phytochemicals, raw drinking water.}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2024.16.151}, author = {Rahwan Ahmad and Ridwan Amiruddin and A.Arsunan Arsin and Stang Stang and Hasanuddin Ishak and Wahiduddin and Gemini Alam and Bambang Wispriyono and Anwar Mallongi} } @article {2364, title = {Training Methods of Basic Life Support in Laypeople to Prevent Death Due to Cardiac Arrest: Scoping Review}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {16}, year = {2024}, month = {August 2024}, pages = {953-959}, type = {Review Article}, chapter = {953}, abstract = {

Introduction: Most major deaths worldwide are caused by cardiac arrest outside the home. Cardiac arrest is a fatal event and is still a major topic of public health. One effort that can be made to increase community knowledge and skills is to provide Basic Life Support (BLS) training using interesting methods. The purpose of this scoping review is to identify methods of BLS training in laypeople to prevent death from heart attacks. Methods: We conducted a Scoping Review to identify BLS training methods in the community with a search process using appropriate populations, concepts, and contexts. The databases used for article searches are Science Direct, SAGE, PlosOne, Pubmed, NCBI, and Google Scholar. The selection process was carried out using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) method and conducting a Critical Appraisal using The Joanna Briggs Institute checklist. Results: From 2,996, 11 articles were selected in this review. Some of the training methods that can be carried out are in-person training, using mobile applications, CPR videos, and Virtual reality compression. Conclusion: The BLS training methods can be used to increase the knowledge and skills of ordinary people.

}, keywords = {Basic Life Support, Laypeople., Training}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2024.16.154}, author = {Alamsyah and Lalu Muhammad Saleh and Syamsiar S. Russeng and A. Arsunan Arsin and Ridwan Amiruddin and Muh. Tahir Abdullah and Anwar Mallongi and Tut Handayani} } @article {2157, title = {Analysis of the Influence of Internal and External Factors on Empowered Pregnant Women Through the Behavior of Pregnant Women in Early Detection of Pregnancy Complications}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {15}, year = {2023}, month = {December 2023}, pages = {1029-1035}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {1029}, abstract = {

Objective: Maternal health is still one of the health problems globally, including in Indonesia. Empowering women that allows someone in making decisions about themselves to detect pregnancy complications. This study aims to analyze the influence of internal and external factors on empowered pregnant women through the behavior of pregnant women in conducting early detection of pregnancy complications [KOMPAK] in Bogor Regency. Method: Village in study is an analytical survey with a cross sectional study approach, which takes data related to internal factors (age, education, and parity) and external factors (husband support, family support, community support, and health worker support), behavior (knowledge, attitudes and motivation), and empowered pregnant women. It was analyzed using the spearman correlation test and path analysis with a confidence level of 95\%. The data was analyzed using the SPSS program version 26.0. Results: internal factors that influence empowered pregnant women in Conducting Early Detection of Pregnancy Complications [KOMPAK] in Bogor Regency are education (r: 0.194; p\<0.001) and parity (r: -0.108; p: 0.044) which means that the higher the education and the less parity, the better empowered pregnant women will be with weak correlation strength. External factors affect Empowered Pregnant Women in Early Detection of Pregnancy Complications [KOMPAK] in Bogor Regency where external factors (husband support, family support, culture and community support, and health worker and government support) will cause empowered pregnant women to be better with moderate correlation strength (r: 0.537-0.645; p\< 0.001). Conclusion: Internal factors (education and parity) and external factors (husband support, family support, culture and community support, and health worker and government support) affect (empowered pregnant women in early detection of pregnancy complications. External factors also influence pregnant women through maternal behavior (knowledge, attitudes, and motivations).

}, keywords = {Behavior, Empowered pregnant women, External factors, Internal factors}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2023.15.189}, author = {Bintang Petralina and Ridwan Amiruddin and Wahiduddin and Irwandy and Anwar Mallongi and Ummu Salmah and Suriah and Evi Martha} } @article {2086, title = {Cadre Interventions on Health Outcomes of Diabetes Mellitus Patients: Systematic Review of Randomized Control Trial}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {15}, year = {2023}, month = {August 2023}, pages = {697-702}, type = {Review Article}, chapter = {697}, abstract = {

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a disease that can cause complications in various organs of the body. There needs to be a strategic effort to improve the health outcomes of diabetes mellitus patients. Research studies show that cadres are able to become liaisons between patients and health care providers and make a positive contribution to the surrounding community. This systematic study aimed to review studies on cadre interventions on health outcomes of diabetes mellitus patients. Methods: The literature search was carried out on the online databases of PubMed, Proquest, and Google Scholar journals published in the range of 2015 {\textendash} 2021. The keywords used included community health worker, intervention, health outcomes, and diabetes mellitus. Meanwhile, the literature criteria used included journal articles, peer-reviewed, written in English, and research studies with the Randomized Control Trial (RCT) design. Result: Based on the results of a review of 15 selected articles, it was found that the overall interventions carried out were providing education, counseling, and group classes. Other activities include home visits, goal setting and action plans, diabetes mellitus diaries, and follow-up phone calls. There were interventions carried out by cadres, in partnership with health care providers and academic partners, involving peers of diabetes mellitus patients and culturally relevant community resources. Conclusion: The results of the review showed that almost all articles found changes in metabolic control, behavior, and psychosocial of diabetes mellitus patients as a result of the interventions. Therefore, there needs to conduct subsequent studies on the effect of cadre interventions on the prevention of disease complications both macrovascular and microvascular.

}, keywords = {Cadres, Diabetes mellitus, Health outcomes., Intervention, Roles}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2023.15.139}, author = {Tini and Darmawansyah and Ridwan Amiruddin and Masni and Anwar Mallongi} } @article {2091, title = {Community Empowerment with Independent Larva Monitor in Reducing the Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Incidence, in Sidrap Regency}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {15}, year = {2023}, month = {August 2023}, pages = {622-625}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {622}, abstract = {

Objective: This study aims to determine the effectiveness of developing a community empowerment model through independent larva monitor with an overlap in controlling dengue disease incidence in Sidrap Regency. Methods: This study used a mix-method conducted in Tanete Village. The number of samples for quantitative data was 70 respondents, and the qualitative data was 12 informants. Data collection was carried out through Focus Group Discussions, observations, and interviews. The data were analyzed using the McNemar test. Results: The results showed that the behavior of the people affected by dengue fever is people who do not maintain the cleanliness of their environment, litter, and people{\textquoteright}s habits do not routinely drain water tanks, and drinking places for livestock become mosquito shelters. The results of dengue counseling showed a significant difference between people{\textquoteright}s behavior related to dengue fever disease before and after counseling. Most people stated that explanations related to how to make and the process of making ovitrap were easy to do. They were interested in making their own because they used materials that were easy to find at home. In addition, the community has been obedient in implementing independent romantic programs. The results of overlap observations show that simple overlap can trap mosquitoes. Conclusion: The development of empowerment models through independent larva monitor can be used to prevent and control dengue disease.

}, keywords = {Community Empowerment, Dengue fever, Independent Larva Monitor, Ovitrap}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2023.15.129}, author = {A. Arsunan Arsin and Ridwan Amiruddin and Dian Saputra Marzuki and Rezki Elisafitri and Basir and Anwar Mallongi and Aisyah and Ahmad Yani} } @article {1995, title = {The Effect of Preconcenption Moringa Leaf Extract Supplementation on Cotinine Serum Levels in Pregnant Women Exposed to Tobacco Smoke}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {15}, year = {2023}, month = {April 2023}, pages = {290-293}, type = {Original Article }, chapter = {290}, abstract = {

Background: Moringa oleifera is known for its nutrition content, antioxidant and medical benefit. Tobacco smoke contains various toxic substance and can affect the pregnancy. To reduce the tobacco smoke effect on pregnancy outcome good nutrition is needed. Objective: This study aims to assess the effect of Moringa leaf extract on serum cotinine levels in pregnant women exposed to second-hand tobacco smoke. Method: This is an observational study with a prospective cohort study design the study population was pregnant women which were divided by 2 groups, first group received IFA supplements only (n = 30) and the second group receive IFA and Moringa leaf extract supplements (n = 26). The tobacco smoke exposure data collected with questionnaire, and cotinine serum by blood sample. The tobacco smoke exposure and cotinine serum levels were compered between the two groups. Results: The tobacco smoke exposures at home were higher in MO+IFA group pregnant women then the IFA group pregnant women (p\<0,05). The cotinine serum levels in both groups were found not significantly different (p=0,535). These results indicate that pregnant woman with high exposure of tobacco smoke who MO receive have similar cotinine serum levels with the pregnant woman with lower exposure of tobacco smoke. Conclusion: Moringa leaf extract supplementation to pregnant women with high tobacco smoke exposure has serum cotinine levels similar to pregnant women with lower exposure to tobacco smoke.

}, keywords = {Cotinine, Moringa oleifera., Preconception, Tobacco smoke}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2023.15.41}, author = {Haerani Harun and Anwar Daud and Ridwan Amiruddin and M Sabir and Veni Hadju and Anwar Mallongi and Rahma and Miranti and Tamrin Talebe and M. Faris} } @article {2103, title = {Improving the Quality of Assessment and Diagnosis in Nursing Care: A Literature Review}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {15}, year = {2023}, month = {August 2023}, pages = {703-706}, type = {Review Article}, chapter = {703}, abstract = {

Nursing care involves a series of interactions between nurses with clients and the environment to meet their needs and ensure independence in caring for themselves. Therefore, this research aimed to examine how to improve the quality of assessments and diagnoses in nursing care. Several articles were obtained from Google Scholar, Pubmed, and ProQuest databases, while the research questions were structured using the PICO method and search keywords. The inclusion criteria included articles focused on the quality of assessments and diagnoses in nursing care, applied to health institutions and services, and published in English from 2018-2022. A total of six articles were included after thorough identification, screening, eligibility, and inclusion. The results obtained can be used to improve the quality of assessments and diagnoses in nursing care.

}, keywords = {Nil}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2023.15.140}, author = {Brajakson Siokal and Ridwan Amiruddin and Tahir Abdullah and Yuliana Syam and Sukri Palutturi and Hasnawati Amqam and Rian Adi Pamungkas and Wahyuningsih and Samsualam and Sudarman and Akbar Asfar and Andi Mappanganro}, editor = {Yahya Thamrin} } @article {2061, title = {The Influence of Effective Nurse Communication Application on Patient Satisfaction: A Literature Review}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {15}, year = {2023}, month = {June 2023}, pages = {479-483}, type = {Review Article}, chapter = {479}, abstract = {

Communication is an important element for building trust and comfort in nursing, and it is the foundation of the nurse-patient relationship. The purpose of this study is to find out how effective communication influences nurses{\textquoteright} perceptions of patient satisfaction. A recent literature review was conducted using the Pubmed, Wiley Online, and Science Direct electronic databases. The review method uses the terms and expressions of the keywords "effective communication," "nurse," and "patient satisfaction." Based on the screening results for inclusion and exclusion criteria, a literature search turned up 10 studies. Effective communication provided by nurses greatly affects patient satisfaction; the better effective communication is carried out, the greater the patient satisfaction will be. With patient satisfaction, nurse communication can improve service by creating good cooperative relationships and fostering trust so as to improve patient recovery. Not only with patients, but effective communication must also be carried out with colleagues and other professions by applying several methods such as ISBAR, PCC, and MCA communication methods. Therefore, health services, especially nurses, should pay more attention to effective communication with patients and implement this effective communication in nursing care activities.

}, keywords = {Effective communication, Nurses, Patient satisfaction.}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2023.15.105}, author = {Brajakson Siokal and Ridwan Amiruddin and Tahir Abdullah and Yahya Thamrin and Sukri Palutturi and Erniwati Ibrahim and Yuliana Syam and Rian Adi Pamungkas and Samsualam and Andi Mappanganro and Wahyuningsih and Anwar Mallongi} } @article {2130, title = {Risk Factors of Stunting in Children Aged 0-23 Months in Katumbangan Health Center, Indonesia}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {15}, year = {2023}, month = {October 2023}, pages = {851-855}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {851}, abstract = {

The results of Indonesian nutritional status study at the regency level in 2021 showed that Polewali Mandar Regency had the highest prevalence of stunting in West Sulawesi Province at 36\% with the highest percentage of stunted toddlers being reported by Katumbangan Health Center (42.6\%). This study aims to determine the most dominant risk factors for stunting in children aged 0-23 months. This study was conducted in the working area of Katumbangan Health Center with a case-control study. The number of samples was 236 infants (0-23 months) with a ratio of cases and controls of 1:1. This study used secondary data sourced form e-PPGBM application, then analyzed by odd ratio test and logistic regression on Stata. The results showed that CED in pregnancy (OR=3.142 with 95\% CI, 1.122-10.072), LBW history (OR=5.963 with 95\% CI, 1.251-56.216) and exclusive breastfeeding (OR=2.099 with 95\% CI, 0.984-4.613). The dominant risk factor for stunting in children aged 0-23 months, namely LBW history (OR=5.092 with 95\% CI, 1.08-23.94). It is recommended for mothers to put more attention to the fulfillment of nutrition during in order to reduce the risk of LBW and also to assure that children nutritionl intake are adequate to their needs during the golden period of growth, especially infants with LBW.

}, keywords = {Infant, Risk Factors., Stunting}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2023.15.163}, author = {Nurul Iffa Safitri and Nur Nasry Noor and Wahiduddin and Ridwan Amiruddin and Nurhaedar Jafar and Balqis and Anwar Mallongi} } @article {2197, title = {Why Preconception Treatment is Important? A Literature Reviews}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {15}, year = {2023}, month = {December 2023}, pages = {1262-1267}, type = {Review Article}, chapter = {1262}, abstract = {

Objective: Conceptional care is a concept that has been proposed to address maternal health problems and environmental risk factors during pregnancy to improve the health of both mother and fetus during pregnancy. This article provides an overview of several studies relating to preconception care that are useful for preparing for a healthy pregnancy and fetus. Methods: This narrative review uses several sources from the Elsevier database. Key search terms such as preconception, iron status, pregnancy and fetus were used in this review. Of the 50 studies identified, 20 were eligible for inclusion in this review. Results: Preconception care is getting an increased focus as an effective way to prevent complications during pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum as well as preventing fetal abnormalities by estimating nutritional status in the preconception period. Preconception care is aimed at supporting the health of women before pregnancy, which is useful for improving the health of a pregnancy and preventing stunted fetal growth due to poor nutritional status in the mother. Low preconception iron status will have an impact on preconception gynecological morbidity, which will cause complications in pregnancy and cause low birth weight. Conclusion: Preconception care when given regularly will affect the health of a pregnancy and the baby when born. Preconception care teaches women of reproductive age to minimize potential health risks from an early age so that if they have a baby, the baby is born in better health. Considering that a healthy baby is very late if it is prepared during pregnancy but must be prepared from the preconception period, that is why preconception is so important.

}, keywords = {Fetus, Iron status, Preconception, Pregnancy}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2023.15.229}, author = {Darmin Dina and Nurhaedar Jafar and Veny Hadju and Hasnawati Amqam and Wahiduddin and Ridwan Amiruddin and Anwar Mallongi and Yulianah Sulaiman} }