@article {2275, title = {HIF-1α and VEGF Expression in Adult-type Diffuse High-Grade Astrocytoma}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {16}, year = {2024}, month = {April 2024}, pages = {466-470}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {466}, abstract = {

Background: Gliomas stand as the prevalent primary malignant brain tumors in adults with astrocytoma being more common than oligodendroglioma. Based on isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) status, astrocytomas are classified as astrocytoma with mutated IDH and astrocytoma with wild-type IDH (glioblastoma). Tumor growth relies on angiogenesis, a process facilitated by key factors such as Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) and Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1α (HIF-1α). This study aims to investigate the VEGF and HIF-1α expression profiles in grade 4 astrocytomas, encompassing both mutated IDH and wild-type IDH. Method: This study was conducted on 43 formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) materials of surgical specimens from adult-type grade 4 astrocytoma. Immunohistochemistry with IDH1 R132H was carried out to determine the IDH status, followed by assessment of HIF-1α and VEGF expression using semi-quantitatively utilizing immunoreactive score (IRS), and categorized as negative, weak, moderate, and strong. Results: Statistical analysis revealed no disparity in HIF-1α expression between both tumor types, nor was there a difference in VEGF expression in both tumor types, yet a positive association was established between VEGF and HIF-1α expression levels in IDH mutant and wild type of grade 4 astrocytoma with moderate strength (r=0.433). Conclusion: HIF-1α and VEGF are positively linked, despite the IDH status, and simultaneously work to promote angiogenesis in diffuse high-grade astrocytoma.

}, keywords = {Astrocytoma IDH mutant grade 4, Glioblastoma IDH wild type, Glioma, HIF-1α, VEGF}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2024.16.74}, author = {Febria Rizky Patikawa and Dyah Fauziah and Willy Sandhika} } @article {2431, title = {VDR and WNT/β-catenin Expression in Invasive Breast Carcinoma of No Special Type: Role and Prognostic Value}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {16}, year = {2024}, month = {December 2024}, pages = {1349-1354}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {1349}, abstract = {

Background: Breast cancer prognosis is closely related to tumor size (T stage). The Vitamin D receptor (VDR), found in about 80\% of breast cancer cases, inhibits tumor growth, promotes differentiation, and enhances apoptosis. The growth of tumor cells is linked to β-Catenin, an essential element of the Wnt signaling pathway. Both β-catenin and VDR affect breast cancer aggressiveness. This study explored their correlation with the T stage of invasive breast carcinoma of no special type. Methods: This research employed a cross-sectional design, applied on paraffin-embedded specimens from patients with invasive breast cancer of no special type (NST) who underwent modified radical mastectomy (MRM) at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital from January 2019 to June 2023. The samples were categorized into four groups based on the T stage. Immunohistochemical staining was performed using VDR and β-catenin antibodies. This study used analytic statistical methods to examine differences and correlations among VDR and β-catenin. Results: VDR expression and T stages were significantly different and negatively correlated. Expression of β-Catenin revealed significant differences and had positive correlations with T stages. VDR and β-catenin expressed no significant negative correlation with T stages. Conclusion: The study found significant differences and correlations between VDR and β-catenin expression with T stages in invasive breast carcinoma of NST. Both β-catenin and VDR play crucial roles in breast cancer cell proliferation.

}, keywords = {Breast cancer, Invasive breast carcinoma of no special type, Vitamin D Receptor, β-catenin}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2024.16.217}, author = {Dewi Sartika Ari Wanda and Willy Sandhika and Ridholia} }