@article {1075, title = {Comparative Pharmacognostical and Pharmacological Evaluation of Costus speciosus (Koen) J.E. Sm. Germplasm Collected from Eastern Ghats of India}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {12}, year = {2020}, month = {February 2020}, pages = {150-156}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {150}, abstract = {

Background: Costus speciosus is an erect perennial herb belonging to family Costaceae, an important medicinal plant widely used in several indigenous medicinal formulations. Objective: A comparative evaluation of Pharmacognostical and Pharmacological potential of Costus speciosus for the validation of traditional claims and quality parameters for industry. Materials and Methods: Pharmacognostical studies were performed as per Ayurvedic Pharmacopeia of India and quantification of diosgenin was done through HPTLC. In vitro antidiabetic activity was evaluated by α-amylase inhibition assay based on starch iodine method and in vitro anti-inflammatory were done by using inhibition of protein denaturation assay. Results: The pharmacognostical standards were also laid down for each sample. Morpho-anatomical characters had no distinct variation in all the collected samples of Eastern Ghats. The quantification of diosgenin (without hydrolysis of samples) in the collected germplasm varies significantly from 0.002 to 0.076 \% on dry weight basis. The maximum content was recorded in NBCS-06 from Patiya, Bhubaneswar and was identified as distinct chemotype with high metabolite content. IC50 value of Costus speciosus extract in starch-iodine assay was found to be maximum in NBCS- 6 (87.54 μg/ml) and inhibition of protein denaturation assay was found to be maximum in NBCS- 11 (73.91 μg/ml), respectively. Conclusion: The study suggests that the Costus speciosus germplasm possess potential anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic activity and comparative pharmacognostical parameters will be useful in collection of location specific potential samples for industrial usage along with quality control of raw materials.

}, keywords = {Anti-diabetic, Anti-inflammatory, Costus speciosus, Diosgenin, HPTLC}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2020.12.22}, author = {Manish Kumar and Ankita Misra and Akanksha Srivastava and Pushpendra Kumar Shukla and L M Tewari and Sharad Srivastava} } @article {538, title = {Comparative Pharmacognostical and Pharmacological Evaluation of two Achyranthes species}, journal = {Pharmacog Journal}, volume = {10}, year = {2018}, month = {January-2018}, pages = {309-314}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {309}, abstract = {

Introduction: Achyranthes is a well-known herb used in folk lore and traditional systems of medicine for its therapeutic value. The two species Achyranthes aspera and Achyranthes bidentata are used interchangeably by people and by herbal industries due to their resemblance in appearance. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to evaluate the comparative pharmacognostic and pharmacological properties of both species. Methods: Pharmacognostic characters were evaluated as per the guidelines of Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. A quantitative HPTLC method was developed for quantification of linoleic acid and oleanolic acid using toluene: ethyl acetate: formic acid (6: 4: 0.5 v/v/v) as a mobile phase. Quantification was performed using linear regression analysis by plotting the peak area vs concentration curve with 2000-5000 ng/band (R2 = 0.998) for oleanolic acid and 2000-5000 ng/band (R2 = 0.994) for linoleic acid. The developed method was validated in terms of accuracy, recovery and inter and intraday study as per ICH guidelines. Antioxidant activity of methanolic extracts was estimated by five different models viz. DPPH free radical scavenging assay, total anti-oxidant capacity, reducing power assay, total flavonoid and phenol content. Anti-diabetic activity was analyzed by \α-amylase inhibition assay using 3, 5 di nitro salicylic acid and iodine starch model. Results: The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) of oleanolic acid and linoleic acid were determined, respectively, as 0.426, 1.29 and 0.427, 1.29 \μg mL\−1. Inhibition of free radicals increases with concentration and IC50 of A. aspera and A. bidendata was obtained at 1.35 \± 0.173 mg/ml and 1.28 \± 0.169 mg/ml respectively. In in vitro antidiabetic activity, IC50 value shows that A. bidentata exhibit better activity than A. aspera. Conclusion: The present study generates data for the proper establishment of quality control standards of the crude drug.

}, keywords = {Achyranthes, Antioxidant, HPTLC, Linoleic acid, Oleanolic acid, α- amylase}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2018.2.54}, url = {http://fulltxt.org/article/484}, author = {Pushpendra Kumar Shukla and Ankita Misra and Sharad Srivastava} } @article {605, title = {Pharmacognostic and Pharmacological Evaluation of Hyssopus officinalis L. (Lamiaceae) Collected from Kashmir Himalayas, India}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {10}, year = {2018}, month = {June 2018}, pages = {690-693}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {690}, abstract = {

Introduction: Hyssopus officinalis L. is a well-known herb for its culinary and medicinal significance. The purpose of this study was to perform the pharmacognostic evaluation. Methods: Physicochemical and phytochemical analysis, HPTLC quantification and in vitro antioxidant and antidiabetic activity were done. Results: Preliminary screening revealed the presence of phytomolecules such as alkaloid (0.99\%), tannin (1.75\%), sugar (1.96\%) and starch (0.68\%). Total phenolic and flavonoid content were found to be 2.32\% and 1.16\% respectively. HPTLC quantification data showed that the content of ferulic acid (0.034\%) was higher than caffeic acid (0.0064\%) on dry weight basis The IC50 value for the in vitro DPPH radical scavenging assay was 0.50 \μg/ml and in vitro anti diabetic assay displayed IC50 value of 0.8366 mg/ml. Conclusion: The study suggests presence of considerable amount of phenolic acids and antioxidant activity in the plant which supports its use in the traditional systems of medicine.

}, keywords = {Antioxidant, DPPH, HPTLC, Hyssopus officinalis, Phenolic acids}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2018.4.114}, url = {http://fulltxt.org/article/652}, author = {Akanksha Srivastava and Kuldeep Awasthi and Bhanu Kumar and Ankita Misra and Sharad Srivastava} } @article {450, title = {Evaluation of Anti Arthritic Potential of Gloriosa superba (L.) Elite Germplasm Collected from Eastern Himalayas, India}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {9}, year = {2017}, month = {November 2017}, pages = {s87-s92}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {s87}, abstract = {

Introduction: Gloriosa superba (L.) is a traditionally known medicinal plant for its potential antigout property. The species is rich source of colchicine alkaloid and is commercially exploit in the international market for the same. Method: In the present study, elite chemotype of G. superba was identified from natural population in Eastern Himalayas based on their colchicine content through HPTLC calibrated method. The selected elite chemotypes were further evaluated for in vitro anti-arthritic potential via inhibition of protein denaturation along with hydroxyl radical scavenging potential. Result: The HPTLC quantification data reveals that the content of colchicine varies from 0.044 to 0.184\% having maximum content in NBG-128 from Jorhat, Assam. The results of bioassay reflect a potentiating anti-arthritic and hydroxyl radical scavenging with statistically insignificant difference within the elite germplasms. Conclusion: The presence of bioactive polyphenolics with significant hydroxyl radical scavenging will further suggest that inhibition of inflammatory mediator cells by extract is superimposed action of colchicine and other chemical inhibitors like polyphenolics. The study will aid in site specific exploration of high metabolite yielding chemotype(s) with validated pharmacological action for commercial cultivation to meet out the industrial demand of colchicine and herbal product development.

}, keywords = {Anti arthritic, Colchicine, Elite chemotype, G. superba, HPTLC}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2017.6s.162}, url = {http://fulltxt.org/article/387}, author = {Ankita Misra and Akanksha Srivastava and Mohammad Khalid and Poonam Kushwaha and Sharad Srivastava} } @article {347, title = {Simultaneous-HPLC Quantification of Phenolic Acids in Traditionally used Ayurvedic Herb Diplocyclos palmatus (L.) Jeffry}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {9}, year = {2017}, month = {May 2017}, pages = {483-487}, chapter = {483}, abstract = {

Introduction:The present study deals with the simultaneous HPLC-quantification of phenolic acid(s) in the aerial parts of Diplocyclos palmatus (Cucurbitaceae) and evaluation of their bioactivity potential through in vitro antioxidant assay\’s. Method: The HPLC elution was done using C18 column using gradient (binary phases) solvent system at a flow rate of 0.6 ml/min. Total phenolic and, flavonoid contents were determined and the antioxidant potential was estimated by four assay\’s viz. DPPH radical scavenging assay, ferric reducing power assay, total antioxidant capacity and 2-deoxy ribose assay. Results: The species is rich in three phenolic acids, among which gallic acid (1708 ug/g) is in maximum concentration followed by caeffic acid (437 ug/g) and protocateuchic acid (337.7 ug/g). Total phenolic content was higher (10.5 mg/g) than flavonoid content (3.78 mg/g) and TAC was found at 0.137 mg/g ASE (ascorbic acid equivalent). IC50 of D. palmatus extract for scavenging of hydroxyl radical by 2-deoxy ribose and DPPH was at concentration of 125.61 \± 0.834 (\μg/ml) and 353.71 \± 0.663 (\μg/ml) respectively. In vitro antidiabetiv potential, via inhibition of alpha amylase enzyme through starch iodine and 3,5- DNS assay reveals the IC50 of extract at 146.31 \± 0.415 ug/ml and 286.23 \± 0.671 ug/ ml respectively. Conclusion:\ The species (aerial part) was rich in phenolic acid with potential bioactivity, identified leads will be useful\ in further chemical characterization and pharmacological validation.

}, keywords = {Anti diabetic, Anti oxidant, Diplocyclos palmatus, HPLC, Phenolic acid}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2017.4.78}, url = {/files/PJ-9-4/10.5530pj.2017.4.78}, author = {Ankita Misra and Pushpendra Kumar Shukla and Bhanu Kumar and Abhishek Niranjan and AKS Rawat and Sharad Srivastava} }