@article {1626, title = {Cytotoxic Activity of Eurycoma Longifolia Jack Root Extract Against Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cell Line}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {13}, year = {2021}, month = {July 2021}, pages = {1014-1018}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {1014}, abstract = {

Background: Eurycoma longifolia (E. longifolia) or Tongkat Ali is a tree that grows in southeast Asia, the roots of which contain bioactive components that exhibit cytotoxic properties against various cancer cell lines. However, no study has been conducted to relate the cytotoxic properties against nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), a type of cancer that shows poor prognosis for metastatic disease. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the E. longifolia root extract exerts cytotoxic activity against nasopharyngeal carcinoma (ORL-115) cell lines. Materials and Method: E. longifolia root extracts were obtained through Soxhlet extraction method and by using two different solvents; ethanol and dicholoromethane. MTS assay was used to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of the root extracts against ORL-115 cell line for three different incubation time which were 24-hour, 48-hour and 72-hour. Results: Ethanol extract was significantly more potent compared to DCM extract. Ethanol extract exhibited lower IC50 value compared to DCM extract. The IC50 of ethanol extract were 232.1 μg/ml, 66.86 μg/ml and 42.6 μg/ml. Meanwhile the IC50 of DCM extract were 678.87 μg/ml, 136.71 μg/ml, 73.72 μg/ml for 24-hour, 48-hour and 72-hour incubation period respectively. The cytotoxic activity of both extracts increased as the incubation time prolonged. The cytotoxic activity of ethanol extract at each incubation time was significantly different from DCM extract except at 72 hours. Conclusion: E. longifolia root extracts exerted cytotoxic activity against the nasopharyngeal carcinoma (ORL-115) cell line. Ethanol extract exhibited lower IC50 value compared to DCM extract. The cytotoxic activity of both extracts were dose dependent and time dependent.

}, keywords = {Cytotoxic activity, E. longifolia, Nasopharyngeal carcinoma}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2021.13.131}, author = {Nur Haseena Kajahmohideen and Siti NurSyafiqah Razi and Ghasak Ghazi Faisal and Abdelkader Elbadawy Ashour and Anisa Kusumawardani and Essam A. Makky and OE Ibrahim} } @article {915, title = {Investigation of Secondary Metabolites and Cytotoxicity of Jacquemontia pentantha (Jacq.)}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {11}, year = {2019}, month = {July 2019}, pages = {718-723}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {718}, abstract = {

Introduction: The aim of this study is to isolate and identify sterols and terpenes from the chloroform/methanol extract (3:1) of aerial parts of Jacquemontia pentantha (Jacq.) and evaluation of cytotoxic activity of crude extract and phytol for the first time from this plant. Methods: Different chromatographic techniques for the aerial parts of Jacquemontia pentantha extract were used resulting in isolation of eight compounds. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods including 1HNMR, 13CNMR, EI/MS spectrometry and by comparing their data with those reported in the literature. The cytotoxicity was evaluated using MTT assay. The mode of action of the extract was predicted by using Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay Kit for Tubulin beta (TUBb). Results: Eight compounds for the first time from this plant were identified as Palmitic acid (1), Phytol (major) (2), Stigmast-4-en- 3-one (3), mixture of α-amyrin (4) and β{\textendash}amyrin (5), 1,6,10,14,18,22-Tetracosahexaen-3- ol,2,6,10,15,19,23-hexamethyl (all-E) (6) and mixture of α{\textendash} amyrin acetate (7) and β-amyrin acetate (8). The extract showed potent cytotoxic activity on MCF-7 breast carcinoma cell line as well as HCT-116 colon carcinoma cell line at different concentrations (100-6.25 ug/ml) with IC50 (21.8 {\textpm} 0.9) and (40.9 {\textpm} 1.3) respectively. Phytol showed potent cytotoxic activity on MCF-7 cell line at different concentrations (100-12.5 ug/ml) with IC50 (60 {\textpm} 2.4), while it had no cytotoxic effect on HCT-116 cell line. The extract showed significant TUBb polymerization inhibition activity. Conclusion: The extract of aerial parts of Jacquemontia pentantha (Jacq.) and also phytol compound has cytotoxic activity due to the presence of phytochemicals such as sterols and terpenes.

}, keywords = {Cytotoxic activity, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Jacquemontia pentantha, MTT Assay, Sterols, Terpenes}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2019.11.114}, author = {Dina M Eskander and Ezzel -Din A El-Khrisy and Mary H Grace and Marian Nabil and Mahmoud I Nassar and Marwa M Mounier} } @article {804, title = {Preparation of Triphala Churna using the Ingredients Obtained from Local Market and Comparative Standardization}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {11}, year = {2019}, month = {January 2019}, pages = {102-111}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {102}, abstract = {

Introduction: In the recent years there has been rapid growth in the field of herbal medicine most of the tradition systems of medicine are accepted universally after standardization only. it very important to develop an essential techniques to standardization of herbal related drugs. The present study standardization of Triphala Churna majorly focused on that area under WHO guidelines. Method: This polyherbal Churna used treat the constipation and other gastric disorders. In this study a prepared Thriphala Churna was comparatively standardized with the reference obtained from market. For the standardization of the above formulations were done by evaluating the macroscopical, microscopical, powder flow properties, extractive values, Physicochemical characters, heavy metal content detection, qualitavte and quantitive determination of tannins and alkaloids, TLC finger print, in-vitro anti-oxidant activity and cytotoxic activity to assess the quality and safety and therapeutic activity of formulation. Results: The above parameters for the both formulation complies with the strands. The flow properties are poor. From the preliminary phytochemical test revealed the presence of various bioactive constituents. Majorly the concentration of tannins and flavonoids are high in water extract and also the water extract having the good anti-oxidant and in vitro cytotoxic activity. Hence the Triphala extracts may be used for various Ayurvedic preparations to chronic diseases like cancer.

}, keywords = {Cytotoxic activity, in-vitro anti-oxidant activity, standardization, Thriphala Churna, TLC finger print}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2019.1.18}, author = {Gunji Venkateswarlu and Seru Ganapaty and Akula Murali Sri Sudhakar} } @article {679, title = {Comparison between Volatile Oil from Fresh and Dried Fruits of Zanthoxylum rhetsa (Roxb.) DC. and Cytotoxicity Activity Evaluation}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {10}, year = {2018}, month = {August 2018}, pages = {827-832}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {827}, abstract = {

Introduction: Zanthoxylum rhetsa is a tree found in northern Thailand. It has been used as a traditional herb with medicinal properties. However, the comparison of composition in volatile oil from fresh and dried fruit is still not fully investigated. In study, we evaluated the constituents in oil from fruits of Z. rhetsa and evaluated the cytotoxicity in non-small lung cancer cells. Methods: The hydro distillation was applied to afford the oil. The obtained oil was analyzed by GC-MS and evaluated the cytotoxicity and apoptosis in non-small lung cells by using MTT method and flow cytometry respectively. Results: Fresh and dried fruits provided a higher yield of volatile oil by approximately 10\% and 20\% respectively, compared to other studies. Twenty-eight compounds were identified and the major components of fresh and dried fruits were not distinctly different. The major component, \α-limonene, was found in dried fruits from Phayao, southern Nan and Chiang Rai province. A high content of \β-phellandrene was found in dried fruits from northern Nan province and the (+)-sabinene was found in high content of fresh fruits from southern Nan, Phayao and Chaing Rai province. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity tests displayed that all of oil products were active against lung cancer cells. Among the components investigated, fresh and dried fruits from southern Nan province showed to be the most potent (EC50 = 1.91 \± 0.53, 1.79 \± 0.43 \μL/mL, respectively). Conclusion: Volatile oil of Z. rhetsa exhibited a strong cytotoxic properties against cytotoxic may be potentially used as natural anticancer agents.

}, keywords = {Chemical composition, Cytotoxic activity, Local variation, Volatile oil, Zanthoxylum rhetsa}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2018.5.141}, author = {Sewan Theeramunkong and Maleeruk Utsintong} } @article {634, title = {Pharmacological Studies of Oxalis Pes-caprae L.}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {10}, year = {2018}, month = {June 2018}, pages = {705-711}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {705}, abstract = {

Background: Oxalis pes-caprae is also called as \“sourgrass\” or soursob. The roots, stems and leaves of Oxalis pes-caprae have high medicinal values and have the function of antiinflammatory and analgesia, clearing heat, removing toxicity. In present study Oxalis pescaprae belonging to family oxalidaceae evaluated for pharmacological activities like cytotoxicity, phtotoxicity, antibacterial and antifungal bioassays. Materials and Methods: Cytotoxic activity was performed by brine shrimp bioassay using methodology of Atta- ur- Rahman et al., 2001. The phytotoxic activity was investigated by applying Lamna minor (as test species) following Atta-ur-Rahman et al., 2001. Anti-bacterial screening was conducted following Rathan (2000). Anti-fungal screening was carried out using agar well diffusion method following Perez et al. (1990) and Atta-ur-Rahman et al. (1991). Results: Its ethanolic extract showed highly significant (100\%) cytotoxicity with LD50 8.98 at 1000 ppm. Lemna minor phytotoxicity assay showed that O. pes-caprae chloroform extract showed 90\% inhibition at 1000 ppm with FI50 0.1048. Antibacterial bioassays showed that all the samples of the plant were significant against Xanthomonas, Clavibacter machengnitis and Bacillus at 1000, 1500 and 2500 ppm doses. Dose dependent antifungal activities against test species (Aspergillus flavus, Penicillium and Fusarium solani) were noticed for all the extracts at 100 and 1000 ppm. Conclusion: Pharmacological potentials showed that this plant can be used in upcoming time for extracting numerous active constituents for their pharmacological preparations.

}, keywords = {Antibacterial activity, Antifungal activity, Cytotoxic activity, Oxalis pes-caprae, Pharmacology, Phytotoxic activity, Whole plant}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2018.4.117}, url = {http://fulltxt.org/article/655}, author = {Syeda Naila and Muhammad Ibrar} } @article {396, title = {Alkaloid from Phoebe declinata Nees Leaves}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {9}, year = {2017}, month = {September 2017}, pages = {713-720}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {713}, abstract = {

Introduction: Genus Phoebe have been reported to produce isoquinoline alkaloids as aporphines, noraporphines, and benzylisoquinolines. Many of these isolates exhibit diversified biological activities, including cytotoxic activity. Objective: The objective of this study is to determine cytotoxic activity of compound isolated from Phoebe declinata againts MCF-7 (breast cancer cell line). Methods: Extraction was done by reflux using n-hexane, antioxidant activity measured by DPPH method and reducing power method, cytotoxic activity measured by MTT assay using MCF-7 cell line, struture eucidation was confirmed by NMR. Results: The antioxidant activity measured using DPPH method for 1 and 2 showed IC50 value of 6.42 and 11.80 \μg/mL respectively and using reducing power method for 1 and 2 showed IC50 value of 7.02 and 13.74 \μg/mL respectively. Compound (1) and (2) exhibited cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 cells with an IC50 value of 82.978 and 93.179 \μg/mL. Conclusion: Compound (1) and (2) exhibited antioxidant activity and cytotoxic activity against MCF-7.

}, keywords = {Alkaloid, antioxidant activity, Cytotoxic activity, DPPH, MCF-7 cell line., Phoebe declinata nees}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2017.6.112}, url = {http://fulltxt.org/article/165}, author = {Berna Elya and Basah Katrin and Roshamur Cahyan Forestrania and Rosmalena Sofyan and Ryan Adi Chandra} }