@article {1424, title = {Evaluation of Acute toxicity, In-vitro, In-vivo Antidiabetic Potential of the Flavonoid Fraction of the plant Chenopodium album L}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {13}, year = {2021}, month = {May 2021}, pages = {765-779}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {765}, abstract = {

Background: The Chenopodium album L. commonly recognized as Bathua, is widely distributed globally and contains various phytoconstituents that help treat several diseases. However, until now, aerial parts{\textquoteright} antidiabetic potential and the plant{\textquoteright}s acute toxicity at fraction level have never been established. Objectives: To investigate the acute toxicity, the in-vitro, in-vivo antidiabetic potential of the plant at fraction level. Materials and Methods: The aerial parts of the plant were fractionated into different fractions, i.e., flavonoid fraction (CAFF), tannin fraction (CATF), alkaloid fraction (CAAF), saponin fraction (CASF), and were analyzed for in-vitro alpha-amylase inhibition assay. The CAFF, CATF, and CAAF were selected based on in-vitro alpha-amylase inhibition assay results and were further screened for its acute toxicity and in vivo antidiabetic activity using a high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced diabetes model. The CAFF was characterized by LC-MS, and a molecular docking study was carried out. Results: The in-vitro alpha-amylase inhibition assay revealed that CAFF was found to be more potent than standard Acarbose having IC50 values 122.18 {\textpm} 1.15 and 812.83{\textpm} 1.07 μg/ml, respectively. The CAFF fraction was found to possess potent antidiabetic activity in a dose-dependent manner in both in vitro and in vivo diabetic models and did not produce any sign of severe toxicity. Furthermore, the bioactive CAFF fraction was characterized by LC-MS, showed the presence of quercetin 3-O-(2{\textquoteright}{\textquoteright},6{\textquoteright}{\textquoteright}-di-O-rhamnosyl) glucoside (QRG) or quercetin 3-O-(2{\textquoteright}{\textquoteright},6{\textquoteright}{\textquoteright}-di-Orhamnosyl) galactoside (QRGa) and quercetin 3-O-rutinoside (rutin) (QR). It is predicted from the molecular docking study that the CAFF fraction primarily acts as an alphaamylase inhibitor. Conclusion: The CAFF fraction was found to poses dose-dependent potent antidiabetic activity and did not produce any sign of severe toxicity and primarily act as an alpha-amylase inhibitor.

}, keywords = {Acute toxicity, Alpha-amylase, Antidiabetic activity, Chenopodium album, Lc-Ms, Molecular docking}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2021.13.98}, author = {Neeraj Choudhary and Pranav Kumar Prabhakar and Gopal L Khatik and Subba Rao Chamakuri and Devesh Tewari and Ashish Suttee} } @article {405, title = {Influence of Extraction Parameters on the Yield, Phytochemical, TLC-Densitometric Quantification of Quercetin, and LC-MS Profile, and how to Standardize Different Batches for Long Term from Ageratum conyoides L. Leaves}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {9}, year = {2017}, month = {September 2017}, pages = {767-774}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {767}, abstract = {

Introduction: Ageratum conyzoides Linn is one of the Indonesian herbs are used as folk medicine. There are many studies to the therapeutic activity. However, the study of the influence in extraction parameters and how to standardize different batches of plant is still limited. Objective: The present study was designed to investigate the influence of extraction parameters on the variables matter, yield, phytochemical profile, and total quercetin from A. conyzoides L. leaves extract. The study also evaluates Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (LC-MS) and TLC fingerprint profiles of the extract to determine the proper quality of plant material of A. conyzoides L. leaves. Methods: Different temperatures (from 0\°C to 60\°C), solvent types (water and 70\% ethanol (\%v/v), and extraction time (192 h VS 2 h) were used to investigate the influence of extraction parameters. The profiles of extract were performed by TLC and LC-MS method. Results: The extract yield was influenced by temperature, solvent types, and time extraction. Our results suggest that the digestion technique at 60\°C with 70\% ethanol for 2h was recommended for the extraction method to obtained high yield and quercetin content as bioactive compound in A. conyzoides L. leaves extract. The range of quercetin content (40\–52 ppm) combined with TLC and LC-MS profile can be used to determine the proper quality of plant material. Conclusion: All parameter of extraction have an affect on the yield extract and total quercetin on the final extract. Thus, there is a need an optimized method to obtain the suitable method.

}, keywords = {Ageratum conyzoides, Lc-Ms, Quercetin, Standardization., Tlc-Densitometric}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2017.6.121}, url = {http://fulltxt.org/article/174}, author = {Anita Paulina Tambunan and Anton Bahtiar and Raymond Rubianto Tjandrawinata} }