@article {1229, title = {Hepatoprotective and Nephroprotective Activity of Artemisia absinthium L. on Diclofenac-induced Toxicity in Rats}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {12}, year = {2020}, month = {August 2020}, pages = {1032-1041}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {1032}, abstract = {

Background: Artemisia absinthium L. is known for its antimalarial activity however, hepatoprotective activity of aqueous extracts has also been reported but, nephroprotective activity not yet evaluated. Objective: To evaluate the hepatoprotective and nephroprotective activities of A. absinthium against diclofenac-induced toxicity on rats. Materials and Methods: Three different doses of methanol and ethyl acetate extract of A. absinthium (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg/day) were evaluated and compared with silymarin 100 mg/kg. Rats received these doses for 5 days and on the 3rd and 4th day diclofenac (50 mg/kg i.p.) was administered 1 h after treatment. Animals were sacrificed 48 h after the last injection of diclofenac. Biochemical blood parameters like aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), urea and creatinine, and histopathologic changes of liver and kidney were studied and evaluated. Results: A. absinthium reduced the elevated blood levels of ALT, AST, ALP, urea and creatinine with the methanol extract to 200 mg/kg/day being more effective. The histopathologic evaluation suggested that A. absinthium decreased hepatic and renal necrosis induced by diclofenac. Conclusions: Hepatoprotective and nephroprotective activities of methanol and ethyl acetate extract of A. absinthium were demonstrated, being methanol extract to 200 mg/kg/day the most effective. This provides scientific support for the use of medicinal plants such as A. absinthium in the treatment of liver and kidney disorders.

}, keywords = {Artemisia absinthium, Biochemical parameters, Diclofenac, Hepatoprotective, Histopathology, Nephroprotective}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2020.12.146}, author = {Sag{\'a}stegui-Guarniz William Antonio and Silva-Correa Carmen R and Villarreal-La Torre V{\'\i}ctor E and Cruzado-Razco Jos{\'e} L and Calder{\'o}n-Pe{\~n}a Abhel A and Aspajo-Villalaz Cinthya L and Gamarra-S{\'a}nchez C{\'e}sar D and Ruiz-Reyes Segundo G and Ch{\'a}vez-Flores Juana E} } @article {1185, title = {The Nephroprotective And Antioxidant Activity of Sterculia rubiginosa Zoll. Ex Miq. Leaves}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {12}, year = {2020}, month = {June 2020}, pages = {843-849}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {843}, abstract = {

Background: Sterculia has an antioxidant activity. The Sterculia genus has phenols and flavonoids content, and this chemical content may be have an nephroprotective activity. Objective: The study was to investigate the in vitro study of antioxidant activity with DPPH and FRAP study and nephroprotective activity of Sterculia rubiginosa Zoll. Ex Miq. Leaves extract. Materials and Methods: The leaves was extracted using ethanol. This extract was determined for antioxidant activity by in vitro study with DPPH and FRAP methods, determined the content of total phenols, total flavonoids, and also identification of chemical content. Nephrotoxicity study done by induced gentamycin. The groups divided 6 group, consist: negative control, positive control, normal control, and the extract with dose 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, and 200 mg/ kg. The parameter for nephroprotective activity was tubular necrosis, the presence of tubules casts and glomerular damage, creatinine serum, and urea. Results: The ethanol extract has IC50 162.34 μg/ml for DPPH scavenging activity and 18.65 {\textpm} 3.53 FeEAC (Mol/g) for FRAP. The secondary metabolite presence flavonoids, tannins, terpenes, alkaloids, and glycosides. The total phenols 462.36 {\textpm} 9.23 mg GAE/gr, total flavonoids content 59.44 {\textpm} 0.11 mg QE/gr extract. All the dose have an nephroprotective activity, but the best dose was 50 mg/kg. Conclusion: The ethanol extract of Sterculia rubiginosa showed antioxidant activity and nephroprotective activity.

}, keywords = {Antioxidant, Gentamicin, Nephroprotective, Sterculia rubiginosa Zoll Ex. Miq.}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2020.12.121}, author = {Rini Prastiwi and Ema Dewanti and Inka Nurul Fadliani and Nessa Aqilla and Salwaa Salsabila and Vera Ladeska} } @article {1207, title = {Paronychia argentea: A Critical Comprehensive Review on its Diverse Medicinal Potential and Future as Therapeutics}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {12}, year = {2020}, month = {August 2020}, pages = {1172-1179}, type = {Review Article}, chapter = {1172}, abstract = {

Background: Paronychia argentea has been used since long as a traditional medicine for the treatment of diabetes, kidney stones, anti-microbial and many other human diseases. However, the plant has not been explored much. In the present scenario of drug resistance and toxicity associated with available drugs, there is a need for elaborated studies of plants like Paronychia argeneta which had been used as folk medicines. Aim and Objectives: The present article is focused on reviewing the ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, traditional usage, biological activities, of Paronychia argentea which has been used in traditional medicinal system for ages. The aim of the study was to assess the ethnopharmacological usage of this plant and to explore therapeutic potentials and future opportunities for research. Materials and Methods: Information on the traditional usage and studies of the Paronychia argentea was gathered from from various journals, MSc dissertation, conference abstract, local books. Various search engines including Google Scholar, Baidu Scholar, Elsevier, ACS, Pubmed, Web of Science, CNKI and EMBASE were used to collect the information along with libraries. Results: Paronychia argentea has played an important role in traditional medicines in Algeria, Portugal, Israel and Jordan. The aerial parts of this plant are used as diuretics in Algerian traditional medicines and are used as antiurolithiasis. Leaf decoction of this plant is also used as diuretic. Paronychia argentea has been used as analgesic, treatment of stomach ulcer, anorexia, and flatulence in Portugal. Scientific studies on extracts of Paronychia revealed a wide range of pharmacological activities including anti-microbial activity, anti-oxidant, nephroprotective activity. Moreover, few reports have given contradictory data for usage of Paronychia when compared with its traditional usage. As in the case of alpha-amylase inhibitory efficacy of PA, it was observed that PA inhibits alpha-amylase activity but later on it was proven that PA does not have a hypoglycemic effect. Main bioactive metabolites present in this plant include alkaloids, flavonoids, volatile oils, etc. Conclusions: Based on this review, there are evidences from various studies regarding pharmacological effects of this plant as nephroprotective, anti-oxidant, anti-microbial activity. Some indications from in vitro studies have confirmed the inhibitory activity of this plant extract against alpha amylase enzyme. The available literature showed that most of the activities of the Paronychia can be accredited to the flavonoids present in them. Data regarding mechanisms of action of this plant along with pharmacokinetics, toxicology studies is still limited, which indicate the need of such studies for the clinical usage of this plant.

}, keywords = {Anti-microbial, Anti-oxidant, Bioactivity, Herbal medicine, Nephroprotective, Oxidative stress, Paronychia argentea, Therapeutic value, Ulcerative colitis}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2020.12.165}, author = {Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan and Sardar Hussain and Janardhana Papayya Balakrishna and Surapaneni Krishna Mohan} } @article {568, title = {Nephroprotective Effect of Aqueous Extract of Pimpinella anisum in Gentamicin Induced Nephrotoxicity in Wistar Rats}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {10}, year = {2018}, month = {March 2018}, pages = {403-407}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {403}, abstract = {

Background: Pimpinella anisum known for its various medicinal properties is also a natural antioxidant and a free radical scavenger with no documented evidence as a nephroprotective agent. Objective: To evaluate the nephroprotective activity of aqueous extract of Pimpinella anisum seeds in a rodent model of gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity. Materials and Methods: Wistar albino rats of either sex, weighing 150\–200 g was divided into 5 groups; normal saline, gentamicin 80mg/kg, intraperitoneally for 8 days, aqueous extract of Pimpinella anisum seeds at 1, 2, and 4g/kg, per oral for 8 days, the test extract administered 3 days prior and concurrently with gentamicin for 5 days. Blood urea, serum creatinine, uric acid and blood urea nitrogen analyses and microscopic examination of kidney were performed. Results: Gentamicin treatment caused nephrotoxicity as evidenced by marked elevation in serum urea, serum uric acid, serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (107.5\±16.92mg/dl, 0.8\±0.09 mg/dl, 3.05\±0.29 mg/dl, 47.8\±9.07 mg/dl) respectively when compared to the saline treated groups. Co-administration of Pimpinella anisum extract with gentamicin decreased the rise in these parameters in a dose dependent manner. Histopathological analysis revealed epithelial loss with intense granular degeneration in gentamicin treated rats, whereas aqueous extract of Pimpinella anisum mitigated the severity of gentamicin-induced renal damage. Conclusion: To conclude, our data suggest that aqueous extract of Pimpinella anisum exhibits renoprotective effect in gentamicin induced renal damage and further studies on its mechanism of action are warranted.

}, keywords = {Aniseed, Drug induced nephrotoxicity, Gentamicin, Nephroprotective, Pimpinella anisum}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2018.3.66}, url = {http://fulltxt.org/article/532}, author = {Nair Aiswarya and Rao Rashmi R and Shenoy Preethi J and Vinod Chandran and S Teerthanath and Pai Sunil B and KB Rakesh} }