@article {1383, title = {Comparative Pharmacognostical, Phytochemical and Biological Evaluation of Five Ocimum Species}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {13}, year = {2021}, month = {March 2021}, pages = {463-474}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {463}, abstract = {

There are about 150 species of Ocimum in the world and out of that 68 species are found in India. Comparative pharmacognostic study of these Ocimum species is unspecified. Growing demand of Ocimum plants demands quality standards for correct identification of desired Ocimum species. Objectives: Hence aim of present study is to establish comparative pharmacognostical, phytochemical and biological standards for most commonly found and morphologically confusing five species of Ocimum. Methods: Macroscopic, microscopic, preliminary phytochemical evaluations, extraction of essential oils, TLC analysis, in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial potency of selected five species carried out and compared. Results: This comparative study reports that O. sanctum should be preferred in medicine use among selected five species based on phytochemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial potency.

}, keywords = {Ocimum americanum, Ocimum basilicum, Ocimum gratissimum, Ocimum kilimandscharicum, Ocimum sanctum}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2021.13.59}, author = {Sharada L Deore and Shital R Ingole and Bhushan A Baviskar and Anjali A kide} } @article {95, title = {Chemical Profile of Essential oil of Ocimum gratissimum L. and Evaluation of Antibacterial and Drug Resistance-modifying Activity by Gaseous Contact Method}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {8}, year = {2016}, month = {09/2015}, pages = {4-9}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {4}, abstract = {

Introduction: Plant products with antimicrobial potential and ability to modulate the action of drugs have become the target of several studies. Many studies of the species Ocimum gratissimum Lamiaceae have reported biological activities in the essential oil and extracts of various parts of the plant. Objective: Evaluate the antibacterial and resistance-modifying activity of the essential oil of O. gratissimum (OEOg) and its major compound eugenol. Materials and Methods: OEOg was extracted by hydrodistillation, and eugenol was obtained commercially. Multiresistant strains of Escherichia coli and Staphylococos aureus were used to test for drug activity. Antibacterial and resistance-modifying activity of OEOg and eugenol was evaluated by gaseous contact. Results: Chemical analysis of OEOg demonstrated the presence of eugenol and other compounds such as 1,8-cineole and \β-selinene as well. In the evaluation of the antibacterial activity, both OEOg and eugenol were unable to form a bacterial growth inhibition zone at any of the concentrations tested. However, the modulation tests with amikacin and erythromycin identified synergism with OEOg and eugenol against E.\  coli and S. aureus. Gentamicin combined with OEOg showed antagonism against S. aureus but synergism against E.coli. When gentamicin was combined with eugenol, there was also synergism against S. aureus, whereas no effect was seen against E. coli. Conclusion: Given the results obtained in this study, it is concluded that OEOg and eugenol may eventually represent a new therapeutic tool against antibiotic-resistant bacteria.

}, keywords = {Eugenol, Gaseous contact, Modifying, Ocimum gratissimum, Resistance.}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2016.1.2}, author = {Maria Karollyna do Nascimento Silva and Vict{\'o}ria Regina De Alencar Carvalho and Edinardo Fagner Ferreira Matias} }