@article {1192, title = {The Development of Phyllanthus emblica Extract in Ethosomes for Hair Loss Prevention}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {12}, year = {2020}, month = {June 2020}, pages = {905-910}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {905}, abstract = {

Background: Hair loss is not a serious health problem but leads to decreased self- confidence, personality, and psychological problems. According to Thai traditional medical wisdom, Phyllanthus emblica has the property to prevent hair loss. Ethosomes are a drug delivery system, which can increase drug delivery to deep skin layers and enhance the effectiveness of the active ingredient. Objective: This research aims to develop ethosomes of Phyllanthus emblica extract with beneficial properties. Materials and Methods: Phyllanthus emblica was extracted by a maceration method with 95\% ethanol as a solvent. The total phenolic content of the extracts was determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu method. The antioxidation activity was evaluated by DPPH assay. Ethosomes were formulated by a cold method and their properties were observed. Results: The results showed that the total phenolic content of Phyllanthus emblica extract was 406.37{\textpm}2.39 mg GAE/g extract. The IC50 of antioxidant activity was 7.05{\textpm}0.17 μg/ml. Ethosomes with 0.03\% of Phyllanthus emblica extract, 2\% of soya phosphatidylcholine, and 20\% of ethanol had the highest percentage of entrapment efficiency (65.26\%{\textpm}1.80\%). The ethosomes of Phyllanthus emblica extract was the spherical shape and white colloid. The particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, and pH of ethosomes were 0.43{\textpm}0.00 μm, 0.44{\textpm}0.03, -10.40{\textpm}0.28 mV, and 4.06{\textpm}0.03, respectively. Conclusion: The ethosomes of Phyllanthus emblica extract had good properties and area possible alternative product for hair loss prevention.

}, keywords = {Entrapment efficiency, Ethosomes, Phyllanthus emblica}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2020.12.128}, author = {Pornpun Laovachirasuwan and Wutthichart Fuangbangluang and Atchariyaporn Phanichanaphan and Issarapong Nasomroop and Methin Phadungkit} } @article {1025, title = {Development of Ethosome Containing Bitter Melon (Momordica charantia Linn.) Fruit Fraction and In Vitro Skin Penetration}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {11}, year = {2019}, month = {October 2019}, pages = {1242-1251}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {1242}, abstract = {

Objective: Bitter melon fruit, which is containing charantin, has poor penetration through the skin. This problem can be solved with the lipid vesicle called ethosomes that offers better skin penetration. This study was aimed to develop ethosomes for improving skin penetration ability of charantin. Methods: Bitter melon was extracted with ethanol 80\% and fractionated with dichloromethane. Ethosomes were formulated with a various concentration equal to 2\% (F1), 3\% (F2) and 4\% (F3) of bitter melon fruits fraction (BMFF) and prepared using thin layer hydration method. The obtained ethosomes were characterized, then the penetration study was conducted using Franz diffusion cells. Results: The results showed that the BMFF was a dry, brown-greenish fraction and gave a positive test for a steroid. The entrapment efficiency of ethosomes F1, F2 and F3 was 91.50 {\textpm} 0.40\%, 92.62 {\textpm} 0.26\% and 83.85 {\textpm} 1.10\%, respectively. Moreover, the particle size (Dv90) of ethosomes F1, F2 and F3 was 1083.33 {\textpm} 15.27 nm, 1736.67 {\textpm} 11.55 nm and 1976.67 {\textpm} 5.77 nm, respectively. Ethosomes F1, F2 and F3 resulted polydispersity index of 0.42 {\textpm} 0.02, 0.35 {\textpm} 0.05 and 0.50 {\textpm} 0.11, as well as zeta potential of -54.33 {\textpm} 0.75, -57.50 {\textpm} 0.44 and -50.60 {\textpm} 0.98, respectively. Besides, all ethosomes had a spherical shape. The research revealed that ethosome F2 was the optimal ethosome among another formulas. Cumulative percentage of penetrated stigmasterol glycoside for ethosome F2 was 18.25 {\textpm} 0.08\%, while the control solution did not penetrate within 20 h. Conclusion: This research demonstrated that the ethosome could increase the skin penetration of stigmasterol glycoside, which is charantin content, from the fraction of bitter melon fruit.

}, keywords = {Bitter melon fruits, Charantin, Ethosomes, Skin penetration}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2019.11.193}, author = {Silvia Surini and Antik R Arnedy and Raditya Iswandana} }