@article {1131, title = {Anatomical Characteristics of Leaves and Flowers of Cornus sanguine subsp. australis (C.A.Mey.) Jav.}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {12}, year = {2020}, month = {May 2020}, pages = {448-451}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {448}, abstract = {

Introduction: Cornus sanguinea subsp. australis (C.A.Mey.) Jav. is a widespread plant of the Caucasus (Russia). This is a small decorative tree with a large mass of raw material of leaves and flowers, which contain phenolic compounds. Currently, this plant is used in traditional medicine in some countries. Materials and Methods: C. australis leaves, and flowers were collected during the flowering period on the Mount Mashuk in Pyatigorsk, Stavropol region, Russia in June 2019. The anatomical structure of C. australis is considered in accordance with the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia XIV. Results: There are heavily sinuous walls of cells of the upper and lower epidermis in microscopy of the leaves of C. australis, stomatal anomocytic type, Т-shaped trichomes, two types of mesophyll: palisade and spongy. In the vascular system of the leaf and petiole, there are two vascular bundles: small and larger. In the small vascular bundle, the xylem is located from the abaxial surface, the phloem {\textendash} from the adaxial surface, in the big vascular bundle on the contrary. The lower epidermis of the petal and sepal is covered with T-shaped trichomes. Conclusion: Obtained anatomical signs are necessary for identification, authenticity, standardization for the use of C. australis as raw materials for pharmaceutical purposes.

}, keywords = {Collenchyma, Cornus sanguinea subsp. australis (C.A.Mey.) Jav., Cross-section, Mesophyll, Stomatal anomocytic type, Vascular bundle, Т-shaped trichomes}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2020.12.69}, author = {Victoria Vladimirovna Fedotova and Dmitry Alexeevich Konovalov} } @article {1047, title = {Anatomical Study of Pachyphragma macrophyllum (Hoffm.) N. Busch}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {11}, year = {2019}, month = {November 2019}, pages = {1587-1590}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {1587}, abstract = {

Introduction: Pachyphragma macrophyllum (Hoffm.) N. Busch is not studied endemic of the Caucasus (Russia) and Turkey. Now in medicine, it is not applied yet, but preliminary data confirm potential use of this plant. For this purpose, it is necessary to carry out the analysis of P. macrophyllum, and we began with morphological, anatomic studying. Materials and Methods: P. macrophyllum herb was collected during the flowering period on the Mount Mashuk in Pyatigorsk, Stavropol region, Russia in April 2019. The anatomical structure of P. macrophyllum is considered in accordance with the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia XIV. Results: The main morphological signs of P. macrophyllum: basal leaves have petioles; cordate or reniform. Stem leaves oval, petioles short. The leaves have a serrated margin. The inflorescences grow in a raceme. Fruit cordate silicula. Microscopic signs: on the edge of the leaf blade are outgrowths, walls of cells of the upper and lower epidermis heavily sinuous, stomata as a rule anisocytic type. In cross-section of the leaf, two types of mesophyll: palisade and spongy; vascular bundle collateral round shape. On the cross-section of the stem, the epidermis, collenchyma, parenchyma, collateral vascular bundles are located around. Cells of epidermis of a petal and sepal of a flower polygonal. Conclusion: The received standards will provide reference information for identification, purity, standardisation for the use of P. macrophyllum as raw materials for medicines.

}, keywords = {Collenchyma, Cross-section, Mesophyll, Outgrowths on the edge of the leaf, Pachyphragma macrophyllum, Stomata anisocytic type, Vascular bundle}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2019.11.242}, author = {VV Fedotova and DA Konovalov and АА Kruglaya} }