@article {1128, title = {Hypoxic Preconditioning Decrease ROS and Increase SOD Expression in Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Cell}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {12}, year = {2020}, month = {May 2020}, pages = {430-435}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {430}, abstract = {

Adipose-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (AMSCs) have promising ability to differentiate into a cardiomyocyte. However, post-transplantation survival of AMSCs is relatively low due to lethal cellular hypoxia. Hypoxic preconditioning is a sublethal hypoxia condition which may improve AMSCs survival. This research evaluates the effect of hypoxic preconditioning on the expression of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) of AMSCs. Isolated human AMSCs was cultured to the 4th passage and confirmed with CD45, CD90 and CD105 expression. Cells were divided into control group (normoxia with 21\% O2) and hypoxic preconditioning group (with 1\% O2). ROS and SOD were evaluated using immunofluorescence and analyzed using SPSS 25. AMSCs was characterized by the CD105 and CD90 without expression of CD44 and CD45. ROS expression is significantly lower in hypoxia group than in controlled group (253,13 {\textpm} 67,795 vs 342,13 {\textpm} 116,447; p \< 0.05) and SOD expression is significantly higher in hypoxia group than in controlled group (340,25 {\textpm} 96,476 vs 234,56 {\textpm} 38,238; p \<0.05). In conclusion, hypoxic preconditioning in human AMSCs induce lower expression of intracellular ROS and higher expression of intracellular SOD.

}, keywords = {Antioxidant, Hypoxia, Oxidative stress, Stem Cells}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2020.12.66}, author = {I Gde Rurus Suryawan and Andrianto and Ratna Dewi Cahyaningtias and Makhyan Jibril Al-Farabi} } @article {1494, title = {Pharmacological Evaluation of Cucumber for Cognition Enhancing Effect on Brain of Mice}, journal = {Pharmacognosy journal}, volume = {6}, year = {2014}, month = {8th April 2014}, pages = {100-107}, type = {Original Article}, abstract = {

Introduction: Cucumber is fruit of Cucumis sativus var. sativus L. which has been used traditionally in gastrointestinal problems, skin problems and as coolant in salad for body and brain. Cucumber is a great folk medicine used to reduce heat and inflammation. Cognitive effects of cucumber are assessed in this study. Methods: Fresh fruits of Cucumis sativus L. were ground and a paste was prepared which consisted of different concentrations of cucumber (10, 20, 30 \% w/w). The three doses were given ad libitum to mice for 15 successive days. Animal models utilized were sodium nitrite induced hypoxia and object recognition task. Biochemical analysis employed estimation of acetylcholinesterase activity in brain, serum glucose levels, cholesterol levels, brain lipid peroxidation (MDA) levels and reduced glutathione levels in brain of mice. Results: 6g/kg and 9g/kg doses of cucumber significantly (P\< 0.05, P\< 0.01) increased frequency of entry, number of entry and duration of entry in small compartment in sodium nitrite induced hypoxia model and depicted significantly (P\< 0.05, P\< 0.001) enhanced exploratory activity in object recognition task model. Further, biochemical analysis indicated good potential of cucumber in cognition enhancement. 9 g/kg dose (P\< 0.001) reduced brain AchE activity along with blood glucose and serum cholesterol levels. 6 g/kg dose (P\< 0.01) replenished brain GSH levels and reduced lipid peroxides. Conclusion: Cucumber increased cognition in rodents.

Key words: Hypoxia, object recognition task, acetylcholinesterase, glucose, cholesterol, dementia.

}, keywords = {Acetylcholinesterase, Cholesterol, Dementia, Glucose, Hypoxia, object recognition task}, author = {Manish Kumar, and Milind Parle} }