@article {2461, title = {Marrubium vulgare Leaf Extract-Assisted Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles: Optimization, Characterization and In Vitro Exploration of Their Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Anti- Inflammatory Potential}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {17}, year = {2025}, month = {January 2025}, pages = {7-21}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {7}, abstract = {

Background: Biogenic metal nanoparticles are gaining popularity due to their remarkable biomedical properties, which provide hope in the fight against various diseases. Objective: This research produced silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from an aqueous extract of Marrubium vulgare leaves by a simple, onestep, bottom-up green route. For the first time in the literature, the antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antiinflammatory potentials of AgNPs obtained using leaves of Marrubium vulgare are investigated. Methods and results: The optimal conditions for biosynthesis were 80 {\textdegree}C reaction temperature, 60 min incubation time, 2 mM AgNO3, and 100 μL extract volume. The FTIR results indicated that the distinct functional groups found in M. vulgare extract were also present in AgNPs, confirming their critical role in silver bioreduction and AgNP capping. The biosynthesized AgNPs were crystalline, with face-centered cubic geometry, according to XRD analysis. DLS analysis asserted that the constructed AgNP{\textquoteright}s average size was 34.58 nm, whereas SEM/TEM revealed their spherical morphology. The AgNPs produced through biosynthesis inhibited microbial proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. They exhibited bactericidal attributes against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, with MIC values ranging from 0.041 to 5.312 μg/mL and MBCs from 0.083 to 5.312 μg/mL. Furthermore, the AgNPs exhibited fungicidal activity against three Candida albicans strains, with MIC and MFC respective values recorded at 2.656 and 2.656-5.312 μg/mL. Additionally, the biosynthesized AgNPs demonstrated significant antioxidant potency compared to ascorbic acid and the extract. Their potent in vitro anti-inflammatory effect, attributed to the inhibition of BSA denaturation, was directly proportional to the AgNP concentration, with a maximum inhibition of 86.14\% observed at 200 μg/mL. Conclusion: Therefore, the findings suggest that AgNPs have promising applications in combating the growing threat of antimicrobial resistance and might be utilized as potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents.

}, keywords = {Biological activities, Characterization, Green synthesis, Marrubium vulgare, Silver nanoparticles}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2025.17.2}, author = {Sarra Abbad and Nadia Aissaoui and Fatima Zahra Gana} } @article {1991, title = {Development and Evaluation of Bio fabricated Silver Nanoparticles from Blumea lacera for In-vitro Antibacterial, Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activity}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {15}, year = {2023}, month = {April 2023}, pages = {266-278}, type = {Original Article }, chapter = {266}, abstract = {

Background: Increasing prevalence of microbial resistance and side effects of currently available drugs compels the researchers to look for alternate therapies and formulations to overcome this problem. Plant based formulations have been proved to be most reliable agents in recent times. Objective: In the current study, bio fabricated herbal silver nanoparticles (HSNPs) were prepared by reducing silver nitrate (AgNO3) solution with ethyl acetate fractions (EAF) of Blumea lacera extracts. These bios conjugated HSNPs were then assessed for potential anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities along with in vitro antioxidant effect. Methods and Results: The synthesis was confirmed by absorbance peak at 441 nm due to surface plasmon resonance in UV-visible spectrophotometer. FTIR spectra of HSNPs indicated the phytochemicals having C-O bond responsible for reducing of Ag+ to Ago. Average size of HSNPs was found to be 59.21 nm which was in good agreement with TEM and SEM results. EDS analysis showed the existence of Silver, Nitrogen and Carbon in HSNPs. The antibacterial activity of HSNPs in terms of zone of inhibition (ZOI) via disc diffusion assay and against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli was found to be 25.0{\textpm}1.19 mm and 18.3{\textpm}2.08 mm, respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of HSNPs was found to be 50 μg/ml and 60 μg/ml against S. aureus and E. coli, respectively. The antioxidant capacity of the HSNPs was insignificant as compared to EAF but the results of anti-inflammatory activity was significant (p\<0.05). Conclusion: The overall result demonstrated better in-vitro pharmacological potential of HSNPs compared to neat extract/EAF. Key words: Green synthesis, Phytopharmaceuticals, Inflammation, Kukrounda, HPTLC.

}, keywords = {Green synthesis, HPTLC., Inflammation, Kukrounda, Phytopharmaceuticals}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2023.15.38}, author = {Tarkeshwar Dubey and Kancharla Bhanukiran and Kuna Das and Siva Hemalatha} } @article {1254, title = {Anti-inflammatory and Cytotoxic Effect of Arrow Root Mediated Selenium Nanoparticles}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {12}, year = {2020}, month = {September 2020}, pages = {1363-1367}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {1363}, abstract = {

Nanoparticles serve to reduce toxicity, enhance bioactivity and improve targeting. Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) are explored because of it{\textquoteright}s unique characteristics and various known therapeutic benefits such as antioxidants activities and reducing risk of cancer. In this study, arrow root which is a starch obtained from tapioca or cassava is mediated with SeNPs and studied for it{\textquoteright}s anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic effect. The plant extract of arrow root was prepared and mixed with the sodium selenite solution. The solution is kept in a magnetic stirrer while being observed for any colour change. The synthesis of nanoparticles is observed using UV-vis spectrophotometry. Then the anti-inflammatory activity is observed using albumin denaturation assay and cytotoxic analysis conducted on brine shrimp nauplii. The results showed that there was a lower toxicity rate of SeNPs and significant anti-inflammatory activity which concludes that these nanoparticles can be used in various drug designing aspects in future.

}, keywords = {Anti-inflammatory, Brine shrimp, Green synthesis, Selenium nanoparticles}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2020.12.188}, author = {Twinkle Francis and S Rajeshkumar and Anita Roy and T Lakshmi} }