@article {2604, title = {Network Pharmacology-based Prediction and In Vivo Validation of Red Ginger and Turmeric Extract Combinations against Hypercoagulability in Isoproterenol-Induced Rats}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {18}, year = {2026}, month = {June 2026}, pages = {139-149}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {139}, abstract = {

Background: Myocardial infarction is a critical cardiovascular condition often preceded by a hypercoagulable state. Red ginger (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum, ZOR) and turmeric (Curcuma longa L., CL) are recognized for their anticoagulant properties, yet their multi-target pharmacological interactions remain poorly understood. This study aimed to evaluate the anticoagulant potential of ZOR and CL combinations using an integrated network pharmacology and in vivo approach. Methods: Network pharmacology analysis was employed to predict potential molecular targets of ZOR and CL bioactive compounds. For in vivo validation, rats were treated with single extracts (300 mg/kg bw) or combinations (ratios 1:1, 1:3, 3:1), followed by isoproterenol-induced hypercoagulability. Anticoagulant activity was assessed by measuring Prothrombin Time (PT) and activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT). Results: Network pharmacology identified 10 key hub proteins, including STAT3, AKT1, and MTOR, indicating a multi-target mechanism. In vivo, isoproterenol effectively induced hypercoagulability. While ZOR (300 mg/kg BW) showed the highest individual potency, all combinations significantly prolonged PT and aPTT (p \< 0.05). Based on Chou-Talalay analysis, the interaction was dose-dependent; PT showed nearly additive to synergistic effects (CI: 0.86{\textendash} 1.07), whereas aPTT exhibited antagonistic trends (CI: 1.06{\textendash}1.50) at higher ZOR ratios. Consequently, combination effects remained stable without exceeding the most potent single dose. Conclusion: The ZOR and CL combination provides a consistent anticoagulant response through additive interactions, likely mediated by the modulation of the AKT/mTOR signaling axis and coagulation factors. This integration offers a promising, safer multi-target strategy for preventing thrombotic events in myocardial infarction.

}, keywords = {Anticoagulant, Coagulation, Curcuma longa, Isoproterenol, Network pharmacology, Zingiber officinale rubrum}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2026.18.127}, author = {Puspa SD. Solihah and Ellisa Clara Pasaribu and Fahmi Ahsanul Haq} } @article {1398, title = {Cardioprotective Role of Partharishtam on Isopreterenol Induced Myocardial Infarction in Animal Model}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {13}, year = {2021}, month = {March 2021}, pages = {591-595}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {591}, abstract = {

Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the key causes of high death rate globally. We report the cardio protective effect of an Ayurvedic polyherbal formulation Partharishtam on isoproterenol induced myocardial infarction on albino rats. Administration of Isoproterenol to normal albino rat triggers MI evident from the significant changes in key biomolecules tested in blood serum and cardiac tissues. The cardio protective role of Partharishtam was compared with a standard medicine, Propranolol on some of the known identifying markers of MI such as, Troponin I and T, creatine phosphokinase serum (CPK-S), creatine phosphokinase myoglobulin isozyme fraction (CPK-MB) and oxidative enzymes like super oxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH) and catalase. There was an appreciable decrease in the levels of Troponin 1 and T, CPK-S and CPK-MB after the treatment of Partharishtam on Isoproterenol induced MI rats. In vivo anti-oxidative enzyme studies also revealed the increase in the levels of SOD, GSH and catalase to near normalcy after the treatment of Partharishtam in MI rats, which is very much comparable to the commonly used drug Propranolol to treat MI patients. Histopathological analysis confirmed the cardio protective properties of Partharistham in rat model. We did not find any side effects or toxicity of Partharishtam when tested on the normal rats. Thus, polyherbal formulation Partharishtam could be considered as safe medicine for MI.

}, keywords = {Catalase, Creatine phosphokinase, GSH, Isoproterenol, Myocardial Infarction, Partharishtam, Polyherbal, Propranolol, SOD, Troponin I, Troponin T}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2021.13.74}, author = {G. Narayanan and K Prabhu and Anath Bandhu Chaudhury and Mudiganti Ram Krishna Rao and V S Kalai Selvi and N S Muthiah and Sruthi Dinakar} }