@article {1825, title = {Insight into Screening of Secondary Metabolites, Phenolic and Flavonoid Contents and Antioxidant Activity of Raphanus sativus L. Cultivated in Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {14}, year = {2022}, month = {August 2022}, pages = {313-318}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {313}, abstract = {

Medicinal plants and vegetables are promising source of antioxidant products. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the phytochemicals and antioxidant activity of leaves and roots of Raphanus sativus of Saudi origin. Various phytochemicals were screened in n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and aqueous fractions of leaves and roots of Raphanus sativus using standard protocols and IR screening method. Total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoid (TFC) contents were assessed by Folin-Ciocalteau and aluminium chloride methods respectively. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH antioxidant protocol, using trolox as standard. Results demonstrated that Raphanus sativus chemically characterized by the availability of various constituents such as flavonoids, steroids, saponins, tannins and carbohydrates at different levels in fractions of leaves and roots of Raphanus sativus and the absence of cardiac glycosides, anthraquinones and alkaloids which was further confirmed using FTIR analysis. TPC was ranged from (8.92{\textpm}1.01) and (211.80{\textpm}1.57) mg GAE/g extract and TFC was ranged from (0.036{\textpm}0.03) and (11.57{\textpm}0.60) mg QE/g extract for leaves and roots extracts respectively. Due to the high phenolic and flavonoid content in aqueous and ethyl acetate fractions of leaves and roots extracts , results demonstrated high antioxidant activity with IC50: (56.3{\textpm}1.3) and (69.7{\textpm}1.8) for aqueous fractions and (47.2{\textpm}1.5) and (58.7{\textpm}0.7) for ethyl acetate fractions of leaves and roots extracts respectively Study revealed that ethyl acetate and aqueous fractions of leaves and roots of Raphanus sativus could develop a potential natural antioxidant herbal remedy. The study recommends future investigation to isolate and identify the bioactive secondary metabolites in Raphanus sativus.

}, keywords = {DPPH, Folin-Ciocalteau, Raphanus sativus, total flavonoid., total phenolic}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2022.14.101}, author = {Abdullah Abdulhamid Altaweel and Abdullah Jalal Alasoom and Hussein Ali Burshed and Marwan Mohamed Alshawush and Hany Ezzat Khalil} } @article {1890, title = {Profound Assessment of Phytochemical, Botanical and Antioxidant Characteristics Including Determination of Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Contents of Stem Bark of Cordia obliqua L.}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {14}, year = {2022}, month = {December 2022}, pages = {753-758}, type = {Original Article }, chapter = {753}, abstract = {

Cordia obliqua is known as Bumber. Its fruits and leaves are popularly used because of antioxidant and anti-diabetic activities. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the phytochemicals and antioxidant activity as well as botanical features of stem bark of Cordia obliqua. Chemical components were preliminary screened in various fractions based on the polarities including; n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol and aqueous fractions of using standard procedures. Total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoid (TFC) contents were assessed by Folin-Ciocalteau and aluminium chloride methods respectively. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by ABTS antioxidant procedure, using ascorbic acid as standard. Results confirmed that stem bark of Cordia obliqua chemically is characterized by the presences of flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids, saponins, tannins and carbohydrates at different levels in various fractions and the absence of cardiac glycosides and anthraquinones. Microscopically, the plant is characterized by presence of big Ca oxalate clusters, various types of xylem vessels and big amount of cork cells. TPC was ranged from 13.6{\textpm}1.4 and 220.5{\textpm}3.4 mg GAE/g dry plant extract and TFC was ranged from 0.029{\textpm}0.12and 15.46{\textpm}0.33 mg QE/g dry plant extract. Due to the high phenolic and flavonoid content in butanol and ethyl acetate fractions; results of antioxidant using ABTS assay showed high antioxidant activity with IC50 valued 11.84{\textpm}1.2 μg/ ml for butanol fraction and 14.81{\textpm}1.1 μg/ml for ethyl acetate fraction. Taken together, the research work demonstrated the potential natural antioxidant value of the waste product stem bark of Cordia obliqua. The study endorses forthcoming work to isolate and identify the chemical constituents in stem bark of Cordia obliqua.

}, keywords = {ABTS., Boraginaceae, Cordia obliqua, DPPH, Folin-Ciocalteau, Total phenolic and flavonoid}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2022.14.163}, author = {Dalya Ramzi Alsuliman and Zainab Mohammed Al Sultan and Maryam Khalil Almajhad and Nour Kamal Alhajri and Abdullah Abdulhamid Altaweel and Abdullah Jalal Alasoom and Hany Ezzat Khalil} }