@article {2604, title = {Network Pharmacology-based Prediction and In Vivo Validation of Red Ginger and Turmeric Extract Combinations against Hypercoagulability in Isoproterenol-Induced Rats}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {18}, year = {2026}, month = {June 2026}, pages = {139-149}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {139}, abstract = {

Background: Myocardial infarction is a critical cardiovascular condition often preceded by a hypercoagulable state. Red ginger (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum, ZOR) and turmeric (Curcuma longa L., CL) are recognized for their anticoagulant properties, yet their multi-target pharmacological interactions remain poorly understood. This study aimed to evaluate the anticoagulant potential of ZOR and CL combinations using an integrated network pharmacology and in vivo approach. Methods: Network pharmacology analysis was employed to predict potential molecular targets of ZOR and CL bioactive compounds. For in vivo validation, rats were treated with single extracts (300 mg/kg bw) or combinations (ratios 1:1, 1:3, 3:1), followed by isoproterenol-induced hypercoagulability. Anticoagulant activity was assessed by measuring Prothrombin Time (PT) and activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT). Results: Network pharmacology identified 10 key hub proteins, including STAT3, AKT1, and MTOR, indicating a multi-target mechanism. In vivo, isoproterenol effectively induced hypercoagulability. While ZOR (300 mg/kg BW) showed the highest individual potency, all combinations significantly prolonged PT and aPTT (p \< 0.05). Based on Chou-Talalay analysis, the interaction was dose-dependent; PT showed nearly additive to synergistic effects (CI: 0.86{\textendash} 1.07), whereas aPTT exhibited antagonistic trends (CI: 1.06{\textendash}1.50) at higher ZOR ratios. Consequently, combination effects remained stable without exceeding the most potent single dose. Conclusion: The ZOR and CL combination provides a consistent anticoagulant response through additive interactions, likely mediated by the modulation of the AKT/mTOR signaling axis and coagulation factors. This integration offers a promising, safer multi-target strategy for preventing thrombotic events in myocardial infarction.

}, keywords = {Anticoagulant, Coagulation, Curcuma longa, Isoproterenol, Network pharmacology, Zingiber officinale rubrum}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2026.18.127}, author = {Puspa SD. Solihah and Ellisa Clara Pasaribu and Fahmi Ahsanul Haq} } @article {2412, title = {Abnormalities in Hemostatic Parameters Related to Hemodialysis in End-stage Kidney Pathology: A Narrative Review}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {16}, year = {2024}, month = {October 2024}, pages = {1223-1230}, type = {Review Article}, chapter = {1223}, abstract = {

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressively prevalent global health issue. During the initial phases of the condition, CKD is commonly linked to a tendency for excessive blood clotting. While in the end-stage of disease, patients undergoing hemodialysis have a multitude of hemostatic abnormalities. These include prolonged bleeding time, altered platelet count, prolonged PT and aPTT, elevated FDPs and D-dimer, dysregulated vWF activity, and abnormal thrombin generation. These changes result from a combination of uremic toxicity, endothelial dysfunction, inflammatory states, and the effects of the hemodialysis procedure itself. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for managing and mitigating the bleeding and thrombotic risks in this patient population. This review aims to systematically investigate the effects of hemodialysis on key hemostasis parameters in CKD patients.

}, keywords = {Coagulation, End-stage Kidney Disease (ESKD), Hemodialysis, Hemostasis}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2024.16.200}, author = {Bassam A. Hazae and Yetti Hernaningsih and Puspa Wardhani and Fatima Albadwi and Nastasya Nunki} }