@article {1700, title = {Cytotoxic Activities of Phytochemical Components from Ethanol Extract of Ajwa Date on Human Hepatoma Cancer Cells in Vitro}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {13}, year = {2021}, month = {December 2021}, pages = {1664-1672}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {1664}, abstract = {

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a primary liver cancer that occurs and develops in the liver and is among the top frequent cancer-related death worldwide. Currently, clinical treatment options can control the HCC cancer, but, in some cases, it develops resistance to standard therapies and does not respond to these treatment options. Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is used in traditional and alternative therapies for its various health benefits. Objective: The present study aims to evaluate the anticancer and cytotoxic effects of Ajwa date ethanol extract (ADX) on hepatocarcinoma (HepG2) cells. Materials and Methods: The polyphenolic constituents of ADX were analysed using HPLC to identify the major polyphenols in the extract. The cell proliferation and viability percentages were examined through Trypan blue dye and MTT assay. Additionally, DNA fragmentation and mRNA expression level of apoptotic genes were applied to investigate the cell death mechanism. Results: The ADX induced significant cytotoxic effects against hepatocarcinoma cells in vitro. It was reduced the viability and proliferation in HepG2 cells treated with ADX at various concentrations for different exposure times comparing to untreated cells. Furthermore, the microscopic investigation showed apparent changes in HepG2 treated cells and the results of DNA fragmentation showed an increase in the percentage of fragmented DNA. Moreover, the expression of p53 and Bax genes was up regulated, while Bcl-2 gene expression was down regulated, in HepG2 cells treated with ADX. Conclusion: The ADX may be a promising natural anticancer agent and can be developed as a new anticancer therapy tool.

}, keywords = {Anticancer, Date extract, DNA fragmentation, HepG2 cells, MTT Assay.}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2021.13.214}, author = {Faizah Ahmed AlMalki} } @article {198, title = {Bioactive Compounds and Cytotoxicity of Ethyl Acetate Extract From Broussonetia luzonica (Moraceae) Blanco Leaves against Hepatocellular Carcinoma (Hepg2) Cell Lines}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {8}, year = {2016}, month = {Oct 2016}, pages = {497-501}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {497}, abstract = {

Introduction: Broussonetia luzonica (Moraceae) Blanco is an edible and endemic plant in the Philippines. Other species of the plant are used traditionally in Chinese medicine to treat impotency and eye disorders and was proven to have anticancer potential. To date, there are no published scientific evidences yet to prove the cytotoxicity against hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines (HepG2) of B. luzonica. Furthermore, the bioactive compounds of the ethyl acetate leaf extract were determined. Methods: Bioactive compounds were determined using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). To determine the IC50, the percentage Hepg2 Cell inhibition of the extract at 200 \μg/mL, 100 \μg/mL, 50 \μg/Ml, 25 \μg/mL And 12.5 \μg/ mL concentrations against (HepG2) was evaluated using 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol- 2yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide (MTT) Assay. Results: GC-MS revealed the top three major bioactive compounds of ethyl acetate leaf extract based on quantity (\%). These are 1,2,3-propanetriol, monoacetate (21.21\%), phytol (20.28\%) and squalene (6.85\%). MTT assay showed that ethyl acetate extract at different concentrations exhibited marked inhibition of the HepG2. The concentration of the extracts that will inhibit 50\% of the cancer cell lines (IC50) was also determined. The assay revealed that compared to positive control (doxorubicin) with IC50 5.068 \μg/mL, Ethyl Acetate Extract statistically exhibited greater cytotoxic effect against HepG2 Cell Lines With IC50 1.118 \μg/mL (P=0.001). Conclusion: The presence of several bioactive compounds in ethyl acetate extract from the leaves of B. luzonica confirms the importance of the plant in treatment of diseases. Furthermore, the extract manifested more potent cytotoxic activity than the positive control, indicating promising chemotherapeutic potential of the plant.

}, keywords = {Endemic, GC-MS, Liver cancer, MTT Assay.}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2016.5.15}, author = {Franelyne P. Casuga and Agnes L. Castillo and Mary Jho-Anne T. Corpuz} }