@article {1220, title = {Anti-Hypertensive Activity of Punica granatum peels Ethyl Acetate Extract on Fludrocortisones Induced Hypertension in Wistar Rats}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {12}, year = {2020}, month = {August 2020}, pages = {1135-1142}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {1135}, abstract = {

Pomegranate (Punica granatum Linn.) has several medicinal properties. Pomegranate juice has been reported to be an effective source of high amounts of phyto-constituents with many health and nutritional benefits. This work assessed the possible effect on blood pressure (B.P) and heart rate of P. granatum peel ethyl acetate extract (PGE) at a dosage of 400 mg / kg / day on hypertension-induced fludrocortisone Wistar rats. PGE therapy substantially lowered the B.P of hypertensive rats treated with salt fludrocortisones, but the mean blood pressure and heart rate in normotensive rats were not altered. In isolated aortic strip, the contractile reactions to noradrenalin of PGE-treated hypertensive rats have been substantially reduced. The active fraction was purified by successive chromatographic techniques resulted in isolation of quercetin and ursolic acid, this bioactive mixture induced a significant decrease in the blood pressure of hypertensive rats as compared to hypertensive control rats at a concentration of 10 mg/kg.

}, keywords = {Hypertension, Punica granatum, Quercetin, Ursolic acid}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2020.12.160}, author = {Rafik Monir and Asmaa S Abd Elkarim and Mohamed Fouad Shalaby and Alsayed Ahmed Zaki and Samah Shabana} } @article {491, title = {Simultaneous Quantification of Bioactive Triterpene acids (Ursolic acid and Oleanolic acid) in Different Extracts of Eucalyptus globulus (L) by HPTLC Method}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {10}, year = {2018}, month = {December 2017}, pages = {179-185}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {179}, abstract = {

Objective: To develop a novel analytical method for simultaneous determination of two triterpenic acids by high-performance thin layer chromatography in methanol and dichloromethane extracts of Eucalyptus globulus leaf. Ursolic acid was also isolated from Eucalyptus globulus leaf. Materials and Methods: Two triterpenic acids (ursolic and oleanolic acid) were extracted using methanol and dichloromethane as the extraction solvents. Study for total triterpenoids present in Eucalyptus globulus leaves was carried out which shows considerable amount of terpenoids present. Because of the similarity of chemical structure, the prechromatographic derivatization was necessary to separate these triterpenic acids. The samples were treated by 1\% iodine solution in chloroform directly on the chromatographic plate and developed with the mobile phase consisting of petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and acetone (7.8:2.2:0.1, v/v/v). After drying, the plates were sprayed with 10\% (v/v) ethanol solution of sulfuric acid and heated to 120 \°C for 3 min. Quantification was performed in absorbance/transmittance mode at a wavelength of 345 nm. The developed HPTLC method was validated for linearity, precision and accuracy. Results: Correlation coefficient (r2 \> 0.99), R.S.D. values, detection limits as well as recovery values were found to be satisfactory. Ursolic acid was isolated from E. globulus leaves. The identification of isolated ursolic acid was done on the basis of Rf value (0.26) for HPTLC and peak interpretation for FT-IR. Conclusion: The method has been successfully applied in the analysis of both triterpenic acids in medicinal herbs.

}, keywords = {HPTLC, Iodine derivatization, Oleanolic acid, Triterpenes, Ursolic acid}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2018.1.30}, url = {http://fulltxt.org/article/416}, author = {Arti Gupta and Pooja Maheta and Renu Chauhan and Sonia Pandey and Jitendra Singh Yadav and Shailesh Shah} } @article {218, title = {Cytotoxic Compounds from Kibatalia gitingensis (Elm.) Woodson}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {9}, year = {2017}, month = {December 2016}, pages = {8-13}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {8}, abstract = {

Ursolic acid (1), squalene (2), a mixture of \α-amyrin acetate (3a) and lupeol acetate (3b), and isoscopoletin (4), isolated from the dichloromethane extracts of the leaves and twigs of Kibatalia gitingensis, were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against three human cancer cell lines, breast (MCF-7) and colon (HT-29 and HCT-116), and a normal cell line, human dermal fibroblast-neonatal (HDFn), using the in vitro PrestoBlue cell viability assay. Compounds 1-4 exhibited strong cytotoxic activities against HT-29 cells with IC50 values ranging from 0.6931 to 1.083 \μg/mL. Furthermore, 1-4 were moderately cytotoxic against HCT-116 cells with IC50 values ranging from 4.065 to 11.09 \μg/mL. These compounds were least cytotoxic against MCF-7 cells with IC50 values ranging from 8.642 to 25.87 \μg/mL. The most cytotoxic against HT-29 cells, HCT-116 cells and MCF-7 cells are 2, 4 and 1, respectively.

}, keywords = {Apocynaceae, Cytotoxicity, HCT-116, HDFn, HT-29, Isoscopoletin, Kibatalia gitingensis, Lupeol acetate, MCF-7, PrestoBlue{\textregistered} cell viability assay., Squalene, Ursolic acid, α-amyrin acetate}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2017.1.2}, author = {Mariquit M. De Los Reyes and Glenn G. Oyong and Vincent Antonio S. Ng and Chien-Chang Shen and Consolacion Y. Ragasa} } @article {406, title = {DNA Fingerprinting Profile and Quality Control Standardization of Folklore Medicinal Plant Exacum lawii}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {9}, year = {2017}, month = {September 2017}, pages = {775-785}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {775}, abstract = {

Context and Aim: Exacum lawii (Gentianaceae) is bitter folk medicinal herb. The study deals with molecular investigation by DNA fingerprinting profile of Exacum lawii, quality control and phytochemical standardization of Exacum lawii. Methods: The DNA fingerprinting profile was performed by RAPD technique using 3 pairs of primers. The quality control standardization was done as per the WHO guidelines and official methods of AOAC. Phytochemical standardization employed quantitative estimations of phytoconstituents by spectrophotometric and identification using GCMS technique. The quantification of Swertiamerin and Ursolic acid in Exacum lawii was carried by HPLC. Results: Macroscopical and microscopical examination confirmed the diagnostic morphological and histological features. The content of vitamins, minerals and fatty acids were estimated. Physicochemical parameters obtained within the provided limits as per WHO. The phytochemical screening of ethanolic extract and its fraction revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, tannins, terpenoids, glycosides and steroids Total phenolics (57.4mg/g tannic acid equivalent), total tannins (15.3 mg/gm), total flavonoids (51.4 mg/gm rutin equivalent), total flavonols (5.4 mg/gm) and carbohydrates (12.6 mg/gm D-fructose equivalent) content were estimated using spectroscopic techniques. The GC-MS data revealed 20 compounds. Swertiamerin and Ursolic acid content was 119.59 mg/gm and 5.34 mg/gm respectively. Conclusion: Present study provides the referential information to develop a monograph for quality control standardization of Exacum lawii.

Key words: Exacum lawii, DNA fingerprinting, Swertiamerin, Ursolic acid, GC-MS.

}, keywords = {DNA fingerprinting, Exacum lawii, GC-MS., Swertiamerin, Ursolic acid}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2017.6.122}, url = {http://fulltxt.org/article/175}, author = {Sonam Sharma and Siva Hemalatha} } @article {241, title = {Pharmacognostic Standardization and Chromatographic Fingerprint Analysis on Triterpenoids Constituents of the Medicinally Important Plant Plumeria rubra f. rubra by HPTLC technique}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {9}, year = {2017}, month = {February 2017}, pages = {135-141}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {135}, abstract = {

Introduction: Plumeria rubra f. rubra commonly known as Lal Gulachin has wide horizon of medicinal possessions. Plant is found in India and in its tropical regions. Though the plant and its extracts have been indigenously valued as folklore medicine diversely in India, yet literature lacks somewhere in reverse pharmacognostical approach of this plant which reflects that plant have not been evidently explored therapeutically. There are several forms of Plumeria rubra among which P. rubra f. rubra is much appraised in India than its other forms. Method: In Present study the anticipated potential of this plant has been validated by laying down its pharmacognostical standards along with measurement of its active therapeutic constituent Ursolic acid and Lupeol via. HPTLC, information from organized search of published literature remarks that Ursolic acid and lupeol is ubiquitous to this plant. Results: Microscopic features revealed the presence of paracytic type of stomata, crescent bicollateral vascular bundle, calcium oxalate crystal and clothing trichomes in leaves whereas bark showed the presence of distinct periderm with cork and phellogen, sclereids, bast tissue with parenchymatous cells. Methanolic extract of both parts of plant was subjected to HPTLC. In HPTLC studies the Ursolic acid content in leaves was found to be 0.96\% whereas in bark was detected as 0.051\%, lupeol content in leaves and stem was found to be 0.014\% and 0.018\%. Conclusion: The data generated could be significantly used as reference for the standardization and quality control of Plumeria. rubra f. rubra, as no such work has been reported yet.

}, keywords = {HPTLC, Lupeol, Pharmacognosy, Plumeria rubra f. rubra, standardization, Ursolic acid}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2017.2.23}, url = {http://phcogj.com/fulltext/290}, author = {Gunja Srivastava and Abhishek Gupta and Manjul Pratap Singh and Anurag Mishra} }