@article {2435, title = {Analysis of the Impact of Muscle Mass Changes in Stroke Patients}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {16}, year = {2024}, month = {December 2024}, pages = {1359-1364}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {1359}, abstract = {

Stroke has become an increasingly prevalent health issue every year. Malnutrition is one of the complications that arise in post-stroke patients. Reduced physical activity, intake disturbances, and comorbidities experienced by stroke patients can trigger malnutrition. Additionally, factors such as age, sex, Body Mass Index (BMI), and stroke type accelerate the onset of malnutrition. One of the signs of malnutrition in stroke patients is a change in body composition, characterized by muscle mass loss due to inflammatory responses and catabolic reactions, which lead to increased caloric needs in stroke patients. This study aims to investigate the changes in muscle mass in stroke patients at Dr. Kariadi General Hospital, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia. This is an observational study with a cross sectional design conducted at Dr. Kariadi General Hospital from November 2023 to April 2024. The sample size was 49 patients diagnosed with stroke, receiving medical care on the first day at Dr. Kariadi General Hospital. This study evaluates factors such as age, sex, stroke type, BMI, smoking habits, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, hyperuricemia, hypertension, kidney disorders, and respiratory diseases, in relation to changes in fat-free mass, fat mass, visceral fat, and phase angle, to assess the correlation with muscle mass changes. Data analysis will be approached using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with Partial Least Square (PLS). The results show that various risk factors affect body composition changes, contributing to muscle mass changes by up to 84.1\%. In conclusion, the decline in muscle mass in stroke patients is influenced by various factors, in addition to reductions in visceral fat and phase angle, which indicate a tendency toward malnutrition risk.

}, keywords = {Body Composition, Dr. Kariadi, Muscle Mass, Stroke}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2024.16.219}, author = {Rivan Virlando Suryadinata and Hertanto Wahyu Subagio and Khairuddin and Darmonoss and Febe Christianto} } @article {2449, title = {Cerebral Vessel Rupture Leading to Sudden Death: Implications for Pharmacognosy}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {16}, year = {2024}, month = {December 2024}, pages = {1442-1446}, type = {Case Report}, chapter = {1442}, abstract = {

Sudden death is one of the situations that necessitates immediate treatment from a forensic doctor. The WHO defines sudden death as death occurring within 24 hours of the beginning of symptoms. There are three sorts of sudden death: unexpected, unwitnessed, and spontaneous. Diseases of the Central Nervous System are the third most common cause of sudden death. Ischemic stroke (blockage) and hemorrhagic stroke (bleeding) are examples of central nervous system illnesses. Hypertension (cardiovascular disease) and smoking are known risk factors for hemorrhagic stroke.In 2019, the global incidence of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) was 14.46 per 100,000 people. The case discussed in our paper is about the sudden death of a European (Ukrainian) ship captain who happened to be anchored in the waters of Gresik, East Java, who died of hemorrhagic stroke.

}, keywords = {Cardiovascular Disease, ICH, SAH, Stroke, sudden death}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2024.16.233}, author = {Farhad Moegis and Ahmad Yudianto and Renny Sumino} } @article {2039, title = {Identification of Family Adaptive Behavior in The Dayak Tribe in An Effort to Prevent Stroke}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {15}, year = {2023}, month = {June 2023}, pages = {334-338}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {334}, abstract = {

The Dayak tribe inhabits a large part of West Kutai Regency, East Kalimantan Province. Hypertension is a major health problem in the West Kutai region. The family plays a role as a facilitator in reducing hypertension and preventing the risk of Stroke in family members. The purpose of this study was to identify the adaptive behavior of Dayak families in an effort to prevent Stroke. This research method is qualitative research with in-depth interviews and FGD (focus group discussion). FGDs were conducted on 7 participants with tingkat 1 and tingkat 2 hypertension patients and 3 people from traditional leaders/ culturalists. This study obtained four main themes, namely 1) Understanding health problems, 2) Utilization of medicinal plants, 3) Disease control, 4) Driving factors in reducing Stroke risk. Suggestions for health workers to be able to improve educational methods and digital health promotion not only using print media.

}, keywords = {Family Adaptive Behavior., FGD, Stroke, The Dayak Tribe}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2023.15.83}, author = {Parellangi and Muhammad Syafar and Sukri Palutturi and Agus Bintara Birawida and Anwar Mallongi and Oedojo Soedirham and Pawennari Hijjang} } @article {235, title = {GC-MS Analysis of Indrakeeladri Native Medicine used in the Treatment of Stroke}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {9}, year = {2017}, month = {November 2016}, pages = {102-106}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {102}, abstract = {

Context: A stroke or cerebrovascular disease is an abrupt onset of neurological deficit that is attributable to a focal vascular cause. Antiplatelet drugs, anticoagulants and thrombolytics are used in ischemic stroke. Indrakeeladri, is a village in Andhra Pradesh in India where traditional local practitioners prescription has long been practiced for treatment of stroke by using unknown and undisclosed formulation (gulikalu) without any name and labeling. Patients who have taken treatment at Indrakeeladri have noticed improvement in their symptoms particularly in speech. Aims: We endeavoured to analyze the formulation to know its composition as this analysis might help us in preparation of newer drugs for stroke. Settings and Design: GC MS analysis. Methods and Material: The sample was powdered and tested for its solubility in different solvents of increased polarity strength and then subjected to Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GCMS) analysis in order to know its chemical components. Results: The sample was soluble only in water. The GC-MS analysis of the test sample revealed the presence of methyl tetradecanoate, dodecanoic acid methyl ester and methyl 10-methyl undecanoate as the major constituents. These substances are known to have inhibitory effect on blood coagulation. Conclusions: Further studies need to be carried out to find out whether these components of native medicine have a role in the treatment of stroke or not.

}, keywords = {Dodecanoic acid methyl ester, Methyl 10-methyl undecanoate, Methyl tetradecanoate, Native medicine, Stroke}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2017.1.17}, author = {Sundarachary Nagarjunakonda and Sridhar Amalakanti and Sristi Ram Dhishana and Maddi Ramaiah and Lalitha Rajanala} }