02564nas a2200253 4500008004100000245009400041210006900135260001800204300001400222490000700236520180800243653001702051653002302068653001402091653002002105653001702125100002602142700001902168700001902187700002202206700002402228700002202252856003602274 2020 eng d00aA Study on Phyllanthus amarus; Pharmacognostic, Mycobactericidal and Mutagenic Properties0 aStudy on Phyllanthus amarus Pharmacognostic Mycobactericidal and cNovember 2020 a1732-17390 v123 a

Background: Phyllanthus amarus is a medicinal plant used in the treatment of various ailments which include gonorrhoea, jaundice, diabetes, kidney diseases, bladder and intestinal infections, influenza, measles, viral infections, and tuberculosis. Tuberculosis treatment is faced with many challenges, resulting in a prolonged treatment regimen and potential treatment failure. There is a need to search for more favourable treatment options. Objective: This study aimed at investigating the pharmacognostic and mycobactericidal properties of P. amarus. Since toxicity could also be an issue, the mutagenic activity of this plant was also assessed. Materials and Methods: The macroscopic, microscopic, and physicochemical characteristics were assessed with reference to the Quality Control Methods for Herbal Material WHO (2011). The mycobactericidal activity was determined by the agar diffusion and broth dilution methods, while mutagenicity was investigated by the Ames test. Results: P. amarus contained tannins, flavonoids, glycosides, saponins and steroids. The 50% ethanol extract exhibited activity against M. smegmatis at 100 mg/mL with an inhibitory zone of 2.0 cm. P. amarus had a minimum inhibitory concentration of 50 mg/mL while that of rifampin was 0.1 μg/mL. P. amarus showed weak mutagenicity at a concentration of 10 μg/mL. Conclusion: The documented pharmacognostic characteristics can be used for quality control of the crude plant material. The mycobactericidal activity also affirmed its folkloric use in the treatment of tuberculosis. The mycobactericidal activity can be further exploited for drug development.

10aFluorescence10aMutagenic activity10aP. amarus10aPharmacognostic10aTuberculosis1 aBekoe, Emelia, Oppong1 aKitcher, Cindy1 aDebrah, Philip1 aAmoateng, Patrick1 aDonkor, Paul, Owusu1 aMartinson, Sarfoa uhttps://phcogj.com/article/1283