02630nas a2200229 4500008004100000245013200041210006900173260001600242300001200258490000700270520189400277653001502171653001302186653002602199653003002225653000802255100002302263700002702286700002802313700002302341856003602364 2025 eng d00aAnalysis of Solvent Concentration Effect and Extraction Method on The Total Phenolic of Syzygium myrtifolium Walp. Leaf Extract0 aAnalysis of Solvent Concentration Effect and Extraction Method o cAugust 2025 a461-4690 v173 a

Background: Syzygium myrtifolium Walp., an Indonesian ornamental plant, contains phenolic compounds with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial activities. The demand for natural antioxidants is rising due to concerns over synthetic alternatives. Objectivity: To determine the total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity of S. myrtifolium leaf extracts obtained with various solvents (ethanol 60, 70, 80, 96% v/v, ethyl acetate, n-hexane) and two extraction methods (maceration and ultrasonic-assisted extraction, UAE), and to assess the effects of solvent polarity and extraction method. Methods: Leaves were extracted by maceration and UAE. TPC was measured via the Folin–Ciocalteu method (tannic acid equivalents, %) using UV–Vis spectrophotometry. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using the DPPH assay (IC₅₀). Phytochemical screening was also performed. Results: TPC (maceration): 60% ethanol = 18.76%, 96% ethanol = 13.64%, ethyl acetate = 8.33%, n-hexane = 0.83%. TPC (UAE): 60% ethanol = 20.02%, 96% ethanol = 14.04%, ethyl acetate = 10.13%, n-hexane = 0.92%. Solvent type/concentration and extraction method significantly affected TPC (p < 0.05). UAE 96% ethanol showed the strongest antioxidant activity (IC₅₀ ≈ 16.03 ppm), ethyl acetate had moderate activity (≈67–76 ppm), and n-hexane the weakest (≈153–163 ppm). UAE 60% ethanol had the highest TPC but not the strongest activity (IC₅₀ ≈ 88.27 ppm), suggesting antioxidant potency depends on phenolic composition. Conclusion: UAE with 60% ethanol produced the highest TPC, while UAE with 96% ethanol exhibited the strongest antioxidant activity. Further profiling is needed to clarify the phenolic composition–activity relationship.

10aMaceration10aphenolic10asolvent concentration10aSyzigium myrtifolium walp10aUAE1 aUtami, Novi, Fajar1 aSyarif, Rizky, Mulyana1 aIrawan, Chorry, Sundari1 aRamadhani, Shintia uhttps://phcogj.com/article/2525