<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neelam Soni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dinesh Kumar Singh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vinay Kumar Singh</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inhibition Kinetics of Acetylcholinesterase and Phosphatases by the Active Constituents of Terminalia arjuna and Tamarindus indica in the Cerebral Ganglion of Lymnaea acuminata</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arjunolic acid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Enzymes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lymnaea acuminata</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Procynadine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tamarindus indica</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terminalia arjuna</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://phcogj.com/fulltext/292</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">148-156</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Paper demonstrates effect of the active molluscicidal components arjunolic acid (&lt;em&gt;Terminalia arjuna&lt;/em&gt; bark) and procynadine (&lt;em&gt;Tamarindus indica&lt;/em&gt; seed) on the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and phosphatases (ACP/ALP) in the cerebral ganglion of snail &lt;em&gt;Lymnaea acuminata&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Kinetics of AChE/ACP/ ALP inhibition in the cerebral ganglion of snail &lt;em&gt;Lymnaea acuminata&lt;/em&gt; was studied via &lt;em&gt;in vivo&lt;/em&gt; (40% and 80% of 96 h LC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;) and &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; treatments (0.3 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;g to 7.0 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;g) of the column purified fractions, arjunolic acid and procynadine. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;In vivo&lt;/em&gt; exposure of procynadine and arjunolic acid significantly inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE), acid phosphatase (ACP) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities in the cerebral ganglion of &lt;em&gt;L. acuminata&lt;/em&gt; exposed to 80% of 96h LC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;. In &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; treatment maximum inhibition in AChE/ACP/ALP activities in the cerebral ganglion of snail were noted when exposed to 7.0 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;g of arjunolic acid and 0.9 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;g of procynadine. Column purified fraction of &lt;em&gt;T. arjuna&lt;/em&gt; bark and &lt;em&gt;T. indica&lt;/em&gt; seed caused non-competitive and uncompetitive inhibition of AChE activity, respectively. Column purified fraction and arjunolic acid of &lt;em&gt;T. arjuna&lt;/em&gt; bark caused uncompetitive inhibition of ACP while column purified fraction and procynadine of &lt;em&gt;T. indica&lt;/em&gt; seed caused competitive inhibition. Competitivenon- competitive inhibition of ALP activity in the cerebral ganglion of &lt;em&gt;L. acuminata&lt;/em&gt; was observed after treatment of column purified active components of both plants. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; The molluscicidal activity of &lt;em&gt;T. arjuna&lt;/em&gt; bark (arjunolic acid) and &lt;em&gt;T. indica&lt;/em&gt; seed (procynadine) against snail &lt;em&gt;L. acuminata&lt;/em&gt; is due to the inhibition of AChE/ACP/ ALP. Their inhibition kinetics against AChE/ACP/ALP, were different in cerebral ganglion of snail.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">148</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Neelam Soni, Dinesh Kumar Singh, Vinay Kumar Singh* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Zoology, Malacology laboratory, DDU Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur 273009, Uttar Pradesh, India.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record></records></xml>