<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Erich Christian Wayangkau</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Budiyono Budiyono</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martini Martini</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mursid Raharjo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bagoes Widjanarko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Daru Lestantyo</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effectiveness of the UFESA Model: A Culturally Grounded Intervention to Improve Adherence to Lymphatic Filariasis Mass Drug Administration in Papua, Indonesia</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">adherence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Filariasis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Local culture</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mass drug administration</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">psychometric testing</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2026</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2026</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">18</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">55-62</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Lymphatic filariasis remains a public health challenge in Papua because of low adherence to mass drug administration (MDA). Objective: This study evaluated the effectiveness of the UFESA model—a culturally tailored intervention integrating health education, family support, and traditional leader engagement—in improving adherence to preventive filariasis medication in Sarmi District. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A quasiexperimental pretest–posttest control group design was implemented across two health centers (intervention: Bagaiserwar; control: Sarmi Kota), with 160 participants recruited via multistage random sampling. The primary outcome was adherence across three MDA cycles; secondary outcomes included knowledge, attitudes, and support measures. The data were analyzed via chi-square, Mann– Whitney U, and Wilcoxon tests. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Adherence increased from 38.8% to 87.5% in the intervention group, whereas it increased from 26.2% to 52.5% in the control group (&lt;em&gt;p &lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt; 0.001). All the adherence dimensions were significantly greater in the intervention group. Knowledge increased from 3.00 to 10.00 (intervention) versus 2.00 to 4.00 (control), with similar improvements in attitudes and support (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; &amp;lt; 0.001). The instruments showed strong reliability (α &amp;gt; 0.80) and validity. The effect sizes were medium to large (Cohen's d=0.68–0.78; Cramer's V=0.38–0.45).&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The findings provide evidence of the effectiveness of the UFESA model in enhancing medication adherence and addressing psychosocial determinants, highlighting the value of culturally grounded, psychometrically rigorous interventions in public health.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">55</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Erich Christian Wayangkau&lt;sup&gt;1,2*&lt;/sup&gt;, Budiyono Budiyono&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Martini Martini&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Mursid Raharjo&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Bagoes Widjanarko&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Daru Lestantyo&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Doctoral Program, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University, Semarang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Public Health, Cenderawasih University, Jayapura, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University, Semarang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University, Semarang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Science, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University, Semarang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Occupational Health and Safety, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University, Semarang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lamyae Yachi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Madiha Alami Chentoufi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hajar Benhaddou</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brahim Mojemmi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mustapha Bouatia</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In Vitro Antiradical and Antioxidant Activity of Flavonoid Glycosides and Their Aglycones: Diosmin and Hesperidin Case Study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">diosmin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">flavonoid aglycone</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">flavonoid glycoside</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hesperidin</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2026</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2026</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">18</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">18-23</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;In recent years, several works have been carried out on the beneficial effect of flavonoids which act as natural antioxidants and help to neutralize free radicals. We analysed the antioxidant activity of two flavonoids, diosmin, and hesperidin, known for their anti-haemorrhoidal effect, before and after acid hydrolysis, for comparison with their corresponding aglycones, namely diosmetin and hesperetin. Ascorbic acid was used as a positive control. For antioxidant activity evaluations, three methods including 2,2’-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH•) scavenging assay, phosphomolybdate method, and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power method (FRAP) were used. The results were expressed as a percentage of inhibition of DPPH• radical and half-maximal inhibitory concentration values (IC50), for the first assay. And for the others, as mg of ascorbic acid equivalents per 100 g of powder: the quantity of ascorbic acid required to produce the same antioxidant activity as 100 g of sample (noted ''Ascorbic Acid Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity'': AEAC mg/100g). Aglycones exhibited significant in vitro antioxidant activity compared to glycosides (p&amp;lt;0.05 DPPH assay; p&amp;lt;0.001 Phosphomolybdate and FRAP assays), with antioxidant effect dose-dependent at the concentration levels used.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">18</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lamyae Yachi&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Madiha Alami chentoufi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Hajar Benhaddou&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Brahim Mojemmi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Mustapha Bouatia&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry and Bromatology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University Imp. Souissi, 10100 Rabat, MOROCCO.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Life and Health Science, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Abdelmalek Essaidi University, Tanger, MOROCCO.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Li ChangSheng</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chimgee Tserendash</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maral-Erdene Gerelt-Od</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Batdavaa Batbayar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Uyangamaa Altankhuyag</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mend-Amar Batbaatar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Narankhajid Myadagsuren</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Davaadagva Damdinjav</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Enkhmaa Gonchig</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yeruult Chultemsuren</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acute and Subchronic Toxicity Study of Sampilnorov Wurile</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acute and subchronic toxicity; biochemistry; blood test; histopathological analysis; Sampilnorov Wurile</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">203-210</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Sampilnorov Wurile (SW) is a traditional medicinal preparation containing 29 plant-, mineral-, and animal-derived components. It is used for cerebrovascular ischemia, retinal disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and neurological conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the acute and subchronic toxicities of SW. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Acute toxicity was assessed in C57BL/6 mice based on OECD-423 guidelines, with oral doses ranging from 500 to 6,000 mg/kg body weight. Subchronic toxicity was evaluated in Wistar rats following OECD-407 guidelines, with daily oral doses of 300 and 600 mg/kg of SW daily for 4 weeks. Clinical signs, mortality, body weight, and physical condition were monitored. Hematological, biochemical, and histopathological analyses were conducted on day 29. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; No mortality or significant clinical signs of toxicity were observed at doses up to 6,000 mg/kg, suggesting an oral median lethal dose exceeding this level. Subchronic toxicity assessment revealed no clinical signs of toxicity or mortality. SW at 300 and 600 mg/kg had no significant effects on serum biochemical parameters or vital organ histology compared to controls.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; SW exhibited no acute toxicity at doses up to 6,000 mg/kg and showed no adverse effects in a 28-d subchronic toxicity study. These findings support its safety at tested doses.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">203</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Li ChangSheng&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Chimgee Tserendash&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Maral-Erdene Gerelt-Od&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Batdavaa Batbayar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Uyangamaa Altankhuyag&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Mend-Amar Batbaatar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Narankhajid Myadagsuren&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Davaadagva Damdinjav&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Enkhmaa Gonchig&lt;sup&gt;2,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Yeruult Chultemsuren&lt;sup&gt;2,*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Mongolian Medicine Surgery, College of Mongolian Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, China; No 5 Xinhua Street, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous region, MONGOLIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, School of Biomedicine, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar 14210, MONGOLIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, School of Biomedicine, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar 14210, MONGOLIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;School of Pharmacy, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar 14210, MONGOLIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tserennadmid Erdenebaatar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Otgonsuren Daramzav</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bilguun Enkhbat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Davaadagva Damdinjav</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Myagmarsuren Badamtsetseg</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Khatanbold Otgonbayar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Munkhbat Sukhee</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analysis of Fatty Acids in Wool Oil Extracted from Mongolian Sheep Wool using Gas Chromatography and Infrared Spectrophotometry</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Functional groups; Lanolin; Saponification; Soxhlet extraction</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">444-449</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;To develop a method for extracting wool oil from Mongolian sheep wool, evaluate its quality, and determine the fatty acid composition. The extraction of wool oil was performed using the Soxhlet method. Fatty acid content was determined by gas chromatography, while saponification and ester numbers were assessed using titrimetric methods. Functional compounds in the wool oil were identified using infrared spectrophotometry, with further analysis conducted through gas chromatography. Infrared spectroscopy identified valence and deformation oscillations at 3308.01 cm-1, 2922.47 cm-1, 1743.46 cm-1, 1378.34 cm-1, 1465.76 cm-1, 720.83 cm-1, and 1085.39 cm-1. Gas chromatography revealed 14 distinct fatty acids, with saturated fatty acids accounting for 66.6%, and unsaturated fatty acids making up 33.3%. Polyunsaturated fatty acids comprised 26.26%, while monounsaturated fatty acids represented 7.14% of the total. The analysis identified key functional groups (C=O, CH3, CH2, C-C, C-O, O-H) in wool oil using infrared spectroscopy. The fatty acid composition of the extracted wool oil included a predominance of saturated fatty acids (66.6%) and a significant proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids (26.26%). This method provides a viable alternative for extracting and utilizing wool oil from Mongolian sheep wool.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">444</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tserennadmid Erdenebaatar&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Otgonsuren Daramzav&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Bilguun Enkhbat&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Davaadagva Damdinjav&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Myagmarsuren Badamtsetseg&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Khatanbold Otgonbayar&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Munkhbat Sukhee&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;School of Pharmacy, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, MONGOLIA&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andi Nadia Nur Cahyani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Balqis B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Indar I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amran Razak</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A. Arsunan Arsin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lalu Muhammad Saleh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Mallongi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analysis of the Influence of Leadership Style on Organizational Culture and Organizational Performance at RSUD H. Andi Sulthan Daeng Radja Bulukumba District</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Employee needs</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leadership Style</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Organizational Culture</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Organizational Performance</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">236-243</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;The success and failure of a hospital is influenced by a leader, Effective leadership impacts the progress of the hospital so that leadership style becomes one of the determining factors in the success of hospital performance. Leadership style is a norm of behavior used by a person when that person tries to influence the behavior of other people or subordinates. This research aims to determine the influence of leadership style on organizational culture and organizational performance at RSUD H.Andi Sulthan Daeng Radja, Bulukumba Regency, the type of research used is quantitative research. The sample in this study was 178 staff and health workers at H.Andi Sulthan Daeng Radja Regional Hospital Bulukumba Regency using a sampling technique.&lt;em&gt;Accidental Sampling&lt;/em&gt;. The analysis method used is &lt;em&gt;Path Analysis &lt;/em&gt;with&lt;em&gt; SmartPLS&lt;/em&gt; software version 3.0. Based on the results of this research, it shows that there is a direct influence of leadership style on organizational culture &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; value (0,000) with a t.statistic value (15.172), there is a direct influence of organizational culture on organizational performance with p value (0,000) with a t.statistic value (7.815), there is a direct influence of leadership style on organizational performance with p value (0,038) with a t.statistic value (2.077), and there is an influence of leadership style on organizational performance through organizational culture with p value (0,000) with a t.statistic value (6.339). Therefore, there is a need for good appreciation and direction to overcome difficulties in carrying out duties and responsibilities for employees, as well as consideration for paying more attention to employee needs which are implemented in organizational culture to improve better performance.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">236</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Andi Nadia Nur Cahyani&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;*, Balqis&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Indar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Amran Razak&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, A. Arsunan Arsin&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Lalu Muhammad Saleh&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Anwar Mallongi&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Masters Student of Health Administration and Policy, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Health Administration and Policy, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Occupational Health and Safety, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anchana Babu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rekha D Kini</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nayanatara Arun Kumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Megha Gokul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vandana Blossom</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sreerag P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shymala Nayak</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant and Neuroprotective Potential of Ashwagandha In Aluminum-Induced Toxicity</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aluminum Chloride</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ashwagandha</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Malondialdehyde</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oxidative stress</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reactive Oxygen Species</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reduced glutathione</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">336-341</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction : &lt;/strong&gt;Aluminium is the most abundant metal and the third most common element in the Earth’s crust, following oxygen and silicon. Exposure to aluminium is associated with oxidative damage, primarily due to its ability to disrupt redox balance, generate reactive oxygen species, and impair antioxidant defense mechanisms.This study was aimed to find the potential role of ashwagandha on aluminium induced brain toxicity. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;In the present study rats were grouped into 4 groups of 6 rats in each. Brain tissue was removed and processed for biochemical and histopathological analysis. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; In the present study, administration of aluminium to rats resulted in a significant decrease in tissue GSH levels and a corresponding increase in MDA levels in the aluminium-treated group compared to the normal control.. Treatment with Ashwagandha showed a significant increase in GSH level and decrease in MDA level. Photomicrographic sections of the Brain in Ashwagandha-treated rats showed normla neuronal Count and exposure to Aluminium has caused significant reduction in the neuronal count. Experimental group pretreated with ashwagandha showed a visible increase in neuronal count in different regions of the rat brain.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The results revealed that oral administration of aluminium induced adverse oxidative effects in the exposed animals, while treatment with Ashwagandha markedly reduced the extent of aluminium chloride-induced brain injury.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">336</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Anchana Babu&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Rekha D Kini&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Nayanatara Arun Kumar&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Megha Gokul&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Vandana Blossom&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sreerag P&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Shymala Nayak&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Physiology, Kasturba Medical College Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Anatomy, Kasturba Medical College Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Physiology, Srinivas Institute of Medical Sciences &amp;amp; Research Centre, Mukka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry, Kasturba Medical College Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">On-Anong Somsap</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wasinee Poonsawat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ameena Benchamana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anussara Kamnate</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gornganok Piboonpol</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wanita Pantong</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-Tyrosinase, Anti-Inflammatory, and Cytotoxic Activity of Si Boo Gan Tang Rice and Rice Bran Extracts</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-inflammatory</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-tyrosinase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytotoxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HaCaT cell</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Si Boo Gan Tang Rice</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">22-27</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Si Boo Gan Tang is a widely cultivated variety of rice in the Tak Bai district of Narathiwat province, located in the southern region of Thailand. This study aimed to evaluate the biological properties of Si Boo Gan Tang rice and rice bran extracts, focusing on their anti-tyrosinase activity, anti-inflammatory activity, and cytotoxicity. The anti-tyrosinase assay revealed that the aqueous extract of rice (RW) significantly inhibited tyrosinase activity by 41.47%. Similarly, the ethanolic extract of rice (RE) exhibited anti-tyrosinase activity at 35.34%. The aqueous (RBW) and ethanolic (RBE) extracts of rice bran showed anti-tyrosinase activity with percentages of 19.26% and 29.08%, respectively. The anti-inflammatory experiment, conducted using RAW 264.7 cells, demonstrated that all extracts (RW, RBW, RE, and RBE) from rice and rice bran exhibited anti-inflammatory properties by reducing the release of nitric oxide (NO) from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. The extracts had IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values of over 400 μg/ml and CC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values over 400 μg/ml. Cytotoxicity was assessed using the MTT assay on HaCaT cells. The findings indicated that the IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values for both aqueous and ethanolic extracts of rice and rice bran were greater than 800 μg/ml.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">22</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;On-Anong Somsap&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Wasinee Poonsawat&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Ameena Benchamana&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Anussara Kamnate&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Gornganok Piboonpol&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Wanita Pantong&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Princess of Naradhiwas University, Narathiwat 96000, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;The Center for Scientific and Technological Equipment, Walailak University, NaKhon Si Thammarat 80160, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Princess of Naradhiwas University, Narathiwat 96000, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Princess of Naradhiwas University, Narathiwat 96000, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Princess of Naradhiwas University, Narathiwat 96000, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lamyae Yachi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soukaina Bennis</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Madiha Alami Chentoufi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohamed Yafout</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brahim Mojemmi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amal Ait Haj Said</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mustapha Bouatia</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemical Composition and Nutritional Value of Edible Moroccan Truffles</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fungi</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morocco</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nutritional Value</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical screening</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Truffles</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">211-216</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background and objectives: &lt;/strong&gt;Truffles have a unique nutritional profile and are known to play an important role in terrestrial ecosystems. Mediterranean countries, including Morocco, are the location of an abundant harvest of truffles. This study investigated the chemical composition and the nutritional value of edible Moroccan truffles. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and methods:&lt;/strong&gt; We studied the nutritional profile, and we performed a phytochemical screening of Tirmania pinoyi, Terfezia claveryi, Terfezia oligosperma, Terfezia rosea, and Terfezia arenaria collected from different areas from Morocco. &lt;strong&gt;Results and conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; The results showed that the truffles that we analyzed are a good source of carbohydrates, lipids and dietary fibers. The phytochemical screening that we performed afterwards revealed that these Moroccan truffles contain numerous secondary metabolites such as saponins, alkaloids, sterols, coumarins, and tannins. These results demonstrate the nutritional value of these truffles that can support a healthy and well-balanced diet. The secondary metabolites that we detected in our samples can make an important pharmacological contribution that could be the subject of future investigations for therapeutic purposes.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">211</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lamyae Yachi&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Soukaina Bennis&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Madiha Alami Chentoufi&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Mohamed Yafout&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Brahim Mojemmi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Amal Ait Haj Said&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Mustapha Bouatia&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry and Bromatology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University-Rabat, MOROCCO.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Drug Science, Biomedical Research and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine and pharmacy, Hassan II University-Casablanca, MOROCCO.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Life and Health Science, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tanger, MOROCCO.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ali Napiah Nasution</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Juanto Tiojaya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stephanie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Erny Tandanu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suandy Suandy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andre Budi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Masdalena Nasution</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Comparison of the Effectiveness of Cream Extracts and VEGF Expression on Incision Wounds in Male Wistar Rats Treated with Ethanol Extracts of Papaya Leaf, Fruit Flesh, and Seeds (Carica Papaya L.)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Incision wound; Male Wistar rats; Papaya; VEGF</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">28-39</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Papaya (Carica papaya Linn) is a tropical fruit plant known for its medicinal benefits, including wound healing. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aimed to analyze and compare the potential of papaya leaf, fruit, and seed extracts in accelerating incision wound healing in male Wistar rats. Additionally, we compared the flavonoid content and stability of the extracts in cream formulations. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Creams containing 30% ethanol extracts of papaya leaf, fruit, and seeds were prepared and applied to the backs of male Wistar rats for two weeks. The wound diameter, epithelial thickness, fibroblast count, macrophage count, collagen density, and VEGF expression were measured after two weeks. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Our findings revealed no significant differences between the effects of the papaya leaf, fruit, and seed ethanol extracts on wound diameter, epithelial thickness, fibroblast count, macrophage count, and collagen density (p &amp;gt; 0.05). There were also no significant differences when compared to the negative control group (p &amp;gt; 0.05). The highest flavonoid content was found in the ethanol extract of papaya leaves. Application of the ethanol extract creams of leaf, fruit, and seeds had a significant effect on angiogenesis, as evidenced by VEGF expression (p = 0.002).&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Papaya leaf, fruit, and seed extracts are promising products for wound healing. Further research is recommended to conduct periodic histopathological examinations during the wound healing process and to explore different extract concentrations for optimal results.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">28</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ali Napiah Nasution*, Juanto Tiojaya, Stephanie, Erny Tandanu, Suandy Suandy, Andre Budi, Masdalena Nasution&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Health Sciences, Universitas Prima Indonesia, Medan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aasia Kanwal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Hamdi Mahmood</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mahad Butt</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hidayat Ur Rahman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Norhida Ramli</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Saiful Bahri Talip</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Showkat Ahmad Bhawani</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effect of Components of Gamma Oryzanol on Toll-Like Receptor 4: Receptor Structure-Based Pharmacophore, Hit Identification, and In Silico Evidence</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-inflammatory</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gamma oryzanol</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Infertility</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polycystic ovarian syndrome</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TLR4 antagonist</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">329-335</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Polycystic ovarian syndrome is a leading cause of female infertility. Inflammation has a central role in infertility. Persistent activation of Toll-like receptor 4 contributes to inflammation in PCOS. Gamma-oryzanol consists of esters of ferulic acid combined with phytosterols and triterpene alcohol derivatives of rice bran oil, and is known to have anti-inflammatory effects. However, the structural interaction of different gamma-oryzanol compounds with TLR4 remains unknown. &lt;strong&gt;Objectives: &lt;/strong&gt;The study aimed to investigate gamma oryzanol compounds as hit compounds and inhibitors of Toll-like receptor 4 by developing a pharmacophore model through a receptor structure-based approach coupled with molecular docking studies with the Molecular Operating Environment (MOE) software. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A structure-based pharmacophore model was generated from the co-crystalized structure of the TLR4– MD2 complex. Gamma-oryzanol derivatives were evaluated against the constructed pharmacophore model to identify potential hit compounds. The potential hit compounds that satisfied essential pharmacophoric features were subjected to molecular docking with TLR4. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The pharmacophore consisted of three characteristics: a hydrogen bond donor, a hydrogen bond acceptor, and a hydrophobic. Cycloartenyl ferulate, 24-methylenecycloartenyl ferulate, Campesteryl ferulate, and β-sitosteryl ferulate were found to be the hit compounds against the generated pharmacophore. The docking experiment showed that Cycloartenyl ferulate had the most potent binding interaction with TLR4 (7.9933), followed by 24-methylenecycloartenyl ferulate (-7.8580), Campesteryl ferulate (-6.1675), and β-sitosteryl ferulate (-5.9673). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The present pharmacophore modeling and docking findings predict that gammaoryzanol may bind with the TLR4 ligand binding domain, providing structural insights into their therapeutic potential role as a modulator of the TLR4-mediated inflammatory pathway. These findings provide a theoretical foundation for future in vitro and in vivo validation studies aimed at elucidating the mechanistic basis of gamma-oryzanol’s anti-inflammatory activity in PCOS.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">329</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aasia Kanwal&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Hamdi Mahmood&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Mahad Butt&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Hidayat Ur Rahman&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Norhida Ramli&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Saiful Bahri Talip&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Showkat Ahmad Bhawani&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine &amp;amp; Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300 Kota Samarahan, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Medicine, Allama Iqbal Medical College, 54550 Lahore, PAKISTAN. 3Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300 Kota Samarahan, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MM Litabe</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">M Matsabisa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FJ Burt</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effect of PHELA, an African traditional drug, on levels of selected inflammatory cytokines in mammalian cells infected with SARSCoV- 2</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">African traditional medicine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">immune-modulating</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PHELA</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">proinflammatory</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SARS-CoV-2</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">552-565</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes a severe illness, often characterized by an excessive release of proinflammatory cytokines, leading to a cytokine storm associated with disease severity. In this study the effect of PHELA, an accepted herbal combination of four exotic African medicinal plants, namely; Clerodendrum glabrum E. Mey. Lamiaceae, Gladiolus dalenii van Geel, Rotheca myricoides (Hochst.) Steane &amp;amp; Mabb, and Senna occidentalis (L.) Link, was investigated to determine the effect on viral replication of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infected mammalian cells and the effect on cytokine release. PHELA has previously been proposed for use as an immune booster. In this study mammalian cells were treated with plant extracts before or after infection with SARS-CoV-2. Viral RNA was measured at intervals and selected cytokine levels (IL-1β, IL-2Rα, IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-γ) were monitored. No significant difference in viral RNA was observed between infected cells treated with plant extracts and untreated infected cells. However, PHELA-treated cells showed a delay in viral RNA increase. Infected cells treated with PHELA exhibited significantly lower levels of IL-1β, IL-2Rα, and TNF-α compared to untreated infected cells at 48- and 72-hours post-infection. Post-treatment was more effective in reducing proinflammatory cytokine production than pre-treatment, highlighting the potential of PHELA and its constituents in modulating cytokine responses during SARS-CoV-2 infection.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">552</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;MM Litabe&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, M Matsabisa&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, FJ Burt&lt;sup&gt;1,3*&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Division of Virology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, SOUTH AFRICA. 3Division of Virology, National Health Laboratory Service, Bloemfontein, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rivan Virlando Suryadinata</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gabriel Tirtawijaya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sawitri Boengas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Priscilla Keshia Jayasaputri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Henriette Milda Latuputty</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nisa Kirania Dianti Mulyadi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nawal Fajril Haya</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Effectiveness of Beltfish (Trichiurus lepturus) Protein Intake and Physical Activity on Muscle Mass Growth</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Malnutrition</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muscle Mass</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physical Activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Protein Intake</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trichiurus lepturus</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">714-717</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Malnutrition cases have increased every year. One of the causes is insufficient food intake, marked by a decrease in muscle mass. Preventing malnutrition can be done by increasing muscle mass through providing daily protein intake according to needs and engaging in physical activity. The fish species Trichiurus lepturus is a high-protein source from the sea. The protein content in this fish can help promote muscle mass growth. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of protein intake from Trichiurus lepturus combined with physical activity on increasing muscle mass. The research method is experimental, using test animals (Rattus norvegicus) given protein intake and physical activity for 28 days. The animals were divided into six groups: three control groups and three treatment groups receiving different protein levels. Muscle growth was assessed by observing the enlargement of the cruris muscle using HE (hematoxylin and eosin) staining under a 4x microscope magnification. The data obtained were analyzed using ANOVA with an Bonferroni test. The results showed a significant difference between all groups (p=0.000). The treatment groups receiving protein intake and physical activity had larger muscle sizes compared to the control groups (P≤0.05). The conclusion is that protein intake accompanied by physical activity causes changes in muscle mass. Additionally, the amount of protein intake is directly proportional to the increase in muscle size.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">714</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rivan Virlando Suryadinata&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Gabriel Tirtawijaya&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sawitri Boengas&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Priscilla Keshia Jayasaputri&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Henriette Milda Latuputty&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Nisa Kirania Dianti Mulyadi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Nawal Fajril Haya&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine, University of Surabaya, Surabaya, East Java, INDONESIA&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Surabaya, Surabaya, East Java, INDONESIA&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Selloane G. Lehasa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Siphamandla Q.N. Lamula</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lisa V. Buwa-Komoreng</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ethnomedicinal survey, phytochemical, isolation and identification of bioactive compounds from Elephantorrhiza elephantina, Pentanisia prunelloides and Dioscorea sylvatica used in the treatment of elephantiasis</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bioactive compounds</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">elephantiasis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elephantorrhiza elephantina</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ethnomedicinal survey</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemicals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Traditional medicinal plants</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">662-675</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;More than 200 diseases can be transmitted to people through ingesting food contaminated with microorganisms (bacteria, viruses and parasites) or chemicals. Other pathogens for example those causing malaria, tuberculosis and leprosy, as well as parasitic worms can be as chronic infections and impaired nutrition, growth, cognitive development and fertility. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;The aim of this research was to screen extracts from the three plants for phytochemicals. This includesthe isolation and identification of bioactive compounds of &lt;em&gt;Elephantorrhiza elephantina&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt;In this study, an ethnomedicinal survey, phytochemical analysis, isolation, and identification of bioactive compounds were conducted in &lt;em&gt;Elephantorrhiza elephantina&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Pentanisia prunelloides&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Dioscorea sylvatica&lt;/em&gt; plant species used in the treatment of elephantiasis in most parts of the eastern Free State using standard methods. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt;The ethnobotanical survey documented 12 medicinal plants that are used to treat lymphatic filariasis. &lt;em&gt;Elephantorrhiza elephantina&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Pentanisia prunelloides&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Dioscorea sylvatica&lt;/em&gt; were the three most used plant species. All three plants tested positive for the presence of tannins, saponins, flavonoids, steroids, terpenoids, glycosides, anthraquinones and alkaloids. Four compounds: acetyl salicylic acid, benzoic acid, resorcinol and nonanedioic acid were identified from&lt;em&gt; E. elephantina&lt;/em&gt; rhizome. Discussion:Amongst 12 documented plant species, &lt;em&gt;E. elephantina, P. prunelloides&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;D. sylvatica &lt;/em&gt;were the most frequently used plants and were selected for isolation and characterisation of bioactive compounds. Acetyl salicylic acid, benzoic acid, resorcinol and nonanediotic acid were isolated and identified from the methanol extract from&lt;em&gt; E. elephantina&lt;/em&gt; rhizome. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt;The presence or existence of isolated phenolic-flavonoids in&lt;em&gt; E. elephantin&lt;/em&gt; demonstrated the basis for utilising it based on the isolated compounds&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">662</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Selloane G. Lehasa&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Siphamandla Q.N. Lamula&lt;sup&gt;2*&lt;/sup&gt;, Lisa V. Buwa-Komoreng&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Plant Sciences, University of the Free State, Qwaqwa Campus, Private Bag X13, Phuthaditjhaba, 9866, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Infectious Diseases and Medicinal Plants, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice 5700, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abhinav Dutta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jyothi Sujan Prasad</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pradyum Anand</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chandrashekar K.S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Venkatesh Kamath B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vijaya Bhaskar K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aswatha Ram H.N</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Formulation and Analytical Evaluation of Herbal Rectal Suppositories Containing Senna Extract for the Management of Constipation</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Glycerine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">herbal suppositories</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">senna extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">suppositories</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">438-443</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background.&lt;/strong&gt; Senna is a commonly used stimulant laxative that is typically administered orally as a senna extract tablet to treat constipation. This study aimed to formulate rectal suppositories containing senna extract, using glycerin as a base, to achieve site-specific drug delivery and reduce systemic side effects. &lt;strong&gt;Methodology. &lt;/strong&gt;The prepared suppositories were evaluated for various physicochemical and performance parameters, including visual appearance, disintegration time, in vitro dissolution, melting point, weight uniformity, drug content and HPTLC. &lt;strong&gt;Results.&lt;/strong&gt; The suppositories demonstrated satisfactory physical characteristics, with an average weight of 0.9707 g and a drug content of 0.150 ± 2% mg per suppository. The melting point was recorded at 37°C, and the complete dispersion time was 30 minutes. In vitro drug release studies revealed that the drug was fully released within 45 minutes. High-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) was utilized to confirm the presence of active constituents by comparing the sample profile with that of a standard extract. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion. &lt;/strong&gt;These findings suggest that senna extract suppositories are a promising alternative to oral tablets, providing targeted drug delivery through the rectal route for improved therapeutic outcomes.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">438</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Abhinav Dutta&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Jyothi Sujan Prasad&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Pradyum Anand&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Chandrashekar K.S.&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Venkatesh Kamath B&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Vijaya Bhaskar K&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Aswatha Ram H.N.&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal-576104, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal-576104, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal-576104, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Babiker Bashir Haroun Baraka</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bhagya Venkanna Rao</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tanuja Krishnamurthy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ramya Vasudev</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Housing In An Enriched Environment Enhances The Neuroprotective Effect Of Celastrus Paniculatus And Tribulus Terrestris In An Animal Model Of Chronic Stress</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chronic Immobilization stress</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Depression</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Enriched Environment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hippocampus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neurotrophic factor</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pro-inflammatory cytokines</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">191-202</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Prolonged exposure to stress can contribute to depressive episodes. Preclinical studies have shown that stimuli like environmental enrichment (EE) can produce beneficial effects against stress by positively modulating neuroplasticity, neurochemistry, and behaviour. Hence, we explored whether exposure to EE can augment the neuroprotective activities of &lt;em&gt;Celastrus paniculatus&lt;/em&gt; (CP) and &lt;em&gt;Tribulus terrestris&lt;/em&gt; (TT) in stressed conditions. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Rats were placed in immobilisation bags and stressed for two hours a day for ten days. After that, these stressed rats were treated by CP or TT, alone or in combination with enriched housing. Behavioural analysis in elevated plus maze, open field, forced swim and sucrose preference tests. The novel object recognition test and the rewarded alteration test on the T-maze were used to assess working memory. The brain-derived neurotrophic factor, interleukin-6, and tumour necrotic factor-alpha were measured in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortical tissues following stress and herbal treatment combined with an enriched environment.&lt;strong&gt; Results: &lt;/strong&gt;We found that &lt;em&gt;Celastrus paniculatus&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Tribulus terrestris&lt;/em&gt;, combined with an enriched environment, produced a synergistic neuroprotective effect. CP + EE and TT + EE improved working memory and recognition memory in CIS animals, but they also reduced anxiety and depressive-like behaviours. TNF-α and IL-6 levels were decreased while brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels were raised in the frontal cortex and hippocampus regions, respectively.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Our results show that living in an enriched environment can improve CP and TT neuromodulatory activities, highlighting the potential of combining sensory-motor interventions with herbal remedies for psychiatric disorders.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">191</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Babiker Bashir Haroun Baraka&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Bhagya Venkanna Rao&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Tanuja Krishnamurthy&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ramya Vasudev&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, KLE College of Pharmacy, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research Rajajinagar, Bengaluru-560010, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Dr.Prabhakar B Kore Basic Science Research Centre, KLE College of Pharmacy, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research Rajajinagar, Bengaluru-560010, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tiwuk Susantiningsih</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ichwan Baihaki</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maria Selvester Thadeaus</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yuni Setyaningsih</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mila Citrawati</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In-Silico Study of Bioactive Compounds from Moringa oleifera Fruit as Anti Premature Senescence Agents in Cardiac Cells: A Study on the p53 Protein</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cellular senescence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">in silico</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular docking</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moringa oleifera</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">p53 protein</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">497-505</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Cellular senescence, characterized by irreversible cell cycle arrest, contributes significantly to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases through mechanisms involving oxidative stress and activation of p53-mediated signaling. &lt;em&gt;Moringa oleifera&lt;/em&gt;, widely recognized for its antioxidant properties, has demonstrated anti-aging effects; however, the specific bioactive compounds within its fruit and their mechanisms of action remain poorly understood. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aimed to investigate the potential of &lt;em&gt;M. oleifera &lt;/em&gt;fruit-derived compounds as anti-premature senescence agents targeting the p53 protein using in-silico molecular docking approaches. Methods: Bioactive compounds from &lt;em&gt;M. oleifera&lt;/em&gt; fruit were screened via molecular docking against the human p53 protein, with Nutlin-3 used as a positive control. Binding affinities, hydrogen bonding, and hydrophobic interactions were analyzed to determine ligand– receptor interactions. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Niacin and oxalic acid exhibited stronger binding affinities (–5.90 and –6.00 kcal/mol, respectively) compared to Nutlin-3 (–5.64 kcal/mol). Niacin formed stable hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions with key residues within the p53 active site, suggesting a capacity to modulate p53 activity. Oxalic acid demonstrated the highest binding affinity but lacked hydrogen bonding, indicating potential instability despite strong interaction. These findings support previous studies highlighting &lt;em&gt;M. oleifera's &lt;/em&gt;role in ROS suppression and p53 modulation, pointing to its therapeutic relevance in mitigating cellular aging. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Niacin and oxalic acid from &lt;em&gt;M. oleifera&lt;/em&gt; exhibit promising binding characteristics as modulators of the p53 pathway. Their anti-senescence potential warrants further validation through molecular dynamics simulations and biological assays. This study supports the development of natural compound-based therapeutics for age-related cardiac degeneration.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">497</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tiwuk Susantiningsih&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Ichwan Baihaki&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Maria Selvester Thadeaus&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Yuni Setyaningsih&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Mila Citrawati&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta, South Jakarta, Jakarta, 12450, INDONESIA&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Research Centre for Moringa Oleifera, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta, South Jakarta, Jakarta, 12450, INDONESIA&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hrithik Satish Revankar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shilpa P Bhilegaonkar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Integrated Phytochemical Evaluation of Triphala Extract: TLC Detection and GC–MS Elucidation of Bioactive Compounds</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gallic acid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GC-MS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TLC</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Triphala Phytoconstituents</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">602-607</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Triphala&lt;/em&gt;, a classical Ayurvedic polyherbal formulation composed of &lt;em&gt;Terminalia chebula&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Terminalia bellirica&lt;/em&gt;, an&lt;em&gt;d Phyllanthus emblica&lt;/em&gt;, is well known for its therapeutic efficacy and wide range of biological applications. Its pharmacological potential is attributed to a rich diversity of phytoconstituents, including alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and phenolic compounds. Scientific validation and standardization of such formulations require systematic phytochemical evaluation using both conventional and advanced analytical techniques. The present study was undertaken to investigate the phytochemicals composition of Triphala extract using TLC and GC-MS. TLC was done to detect gallic gallic acid a major component of Triphala. GCMS analysis was carried out enabling the separation and identification of volatile components based upon the retention time and mass fragmentation patterns. Several compounds of pharmacological relevance were identified including phenolic acids fatty acids and flavonoid derivatives which are consistent with the known antioxidant and therapeutic properties of Triphala. This integrated approach combining TLC and GC-MS along with standard biochemical testing provided both qualitative and confirmatory data on the phytoconstituents of Triphala. The fidings not only support the traditional claims but also contribute to a scientific validation ensuring quality and paving the way for further pharmaceutical and nutraceutical approaches.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">602</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hrithik Satish Revankar&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Shilpa P Bhilegaonkar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;PG Research Scholar Department of Pharmaceutics PES Rajaram And Tarabai Bandekar College Of Pharmacy, Goa, INDIA&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Associate Professor Department of Pharmaceutics PES Rajaram And Tarabai Bandekar College Of Pharmacy, Goa, INDIA&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carlos A. da Silva</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polo-Ma-Abiele H. Mfengwana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Felicity J. Burt</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The In-Vitro Antiviral Activity of Carissa Edulis, Tulbaghia Acutiloba, and Tetradenia Riparia on Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiviral activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carissa edulis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tetradenia riparia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tulbaghia acutiloba</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">47-57</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;The current treatment landscape for COVID-19 is largely supportive or experimental in nature, highlighting the need for alternative approaches. Ethanolic extracts of three South African medicinal plants (&lt;em&gt;Carissa edulis, Tulbaghia acutiloba,&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Tetradenia riparia&lt;/em&gt;) were tested for their antiviral activity against SARSCoV- 2. Viral loads were quantified using real-time PCR, and their anti-inflammatory effects were also assessed using ELISA. Both pre-treatment and post-treatment of H1299-hACE2-E3 cells with C. edulis extract significantly reduced viral loads by two- to four-fold decreases as compared to untreated controls, which suggests potential antiviral activity. &lt;em&gt;T. acutiloba &lt;/em&gt;and &lt;em&gt;T. riparia &lt;/em&gt;also exhibited moderate antiviral suppression, especially when the extracts were pre-treated prior to infection at early time points (24 hours). All three plants showed anti-inflammatory activity. The findings from this research demonstrate &lt;em&gt;C. edulis’&lt;/em&gt; potent antiviral activity and positions it as a promising candidate for further research in antiviral therapy development.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">47</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Carlos A. da Silva&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Polo-Ma-Abiele H. Mfengwana&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Felicity J. Burt&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Biomedical Technology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Central University of Technology, Free State, Bloemfontein, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Virology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Enkhtuul Bayarsaikhan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Turtushikh Damba</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Buyanjargal Erdenebat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Norovnyam Ryenchinbyambaa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Otgonsuren Daramzav</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Khuvitavilan Battulga</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Munkhzul Boldbaatar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Myagmarsuren Badamtsetseg</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Enkhjargal Dorjval</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Davaadagva Damdinjav</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Otgonbaatar Urjin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maria Halabalaki</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wirginia Kukula-Koch</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Daariimaa Khurelbat</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medicinal Application of the Iceland Poppy (Papaver nudicaule L.) in Traditional Mongolian Medicine</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alkaloids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medicinal plant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nudicaulins</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Papaver nudicaule L.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Protopine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Traditional Mongolian medicine</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">71-76</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;In recent years, there has been a considerable focus on the utilization of natural medicinal substances, including plant-based medicines and formulations. While traditional medicine has been utilizing various medicinal plants to treat a wide range of diseases, there are still many medicinal plants and substances that have not been thoroughly studied at the scientific level. One such plant is the Iceland poppy (&lt;em&gt;Papaver nudicaule L.&lt;/em&gt;) from the Papaveraceae family. Globally, the Papaveraceae family comprises 44 genera and 760 species of which 32 species, representing 7 genera, are identified within Mongolia. The Iceland poppy (&lt;em&gt;Papaver nudicaule L.&lt;/em&gt;) is extensively distributed throughout Mongolia, with all parts of the plant, including its fruit and flowers. In addition, it has been traditionally employed in Mongolian medicine to treat a variety of ailments. However, systematic research on the practical applications and studies of the status of the local Iceland poppy in both modern and traditional Mongolian medicine remains poorly reported. Therefore, we aim to conduct a comprehensive and comparative study of the Iceland poppy (Papaver nudicaule L.) and its application in the Traditional Mongolian medicinal literature and internationally published studies. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; In this study, data was collected from a comprehensive review of the international and Traditional Mongolian medicine literature to understand the medicinal application of the Iceland poppy. Additionally, current study results were analyzed to assess its practical applications and efficacy in modern medicinal contexts. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; &quot;In a variant of Mongolian medicinal prescriptions, the Iceland poppy (Papaver nudicaule L.) is combined with the herb “Govo jad-5” Mongolian traditional prescription for treating surgical wounds, torn blood vessels, and both old and new wounds. Furthermore, the book 'Methods and Prescriptions for Using Medicinal Plants in Traditional Mongolian Medicine reports that Iceland poppy is part of a mixture of four types of poppies used to treat conditions such as diarrhea, intestinal inflammation, and dysentery, by boiling and administering the concoction. A study by Otgonpurev Sukhbaatar et al., (2018) determined that the optimal conditions for callus and suspension biomass production of &lt;em&gt;Papaver nudicaule L.&lt;/em&gt; are 1 mg/L naphthalene acetic acid and 0.5 mg/L benzyl adenine in MS media. Additionally, Gerelt-Od Yadamsuren et al., reported that the alkaloids 8,14-dihydroamurin, 8,14-dihydroflavinantin, and flavinantin from Papaver nudicaule L. exhibit significant antiviral activity against human rhinovirus-14. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Iceland poppy (&lt;em&gt;Papaver nudicaule L.&lt;/em&gt;) has been used in traditional Mongolian medical practice for a long time. it has been historically widely used in Mongolian traditional medicine to treat wounds under the name of “wound healer”. As reported by the scientific literature, the primary uses of these plants include inhibiting acetylcholinesterase enzyme, anti-cancer effects, as well as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Furthermore, regarding its chemical composition, researchers have conducted studies that confirm the presence of alkaloids in this plant, specifically isoquinoline alkaloids. These compounds are known for their diverse biological activities and potential therapeutic effects, which may contribute to the plant's traditional medicinal uses. In summary, the Iceland poppy (&lt;em&gt;Papaver nudicaule L.&lt;/em&gt;) has been utilized in traditional medicine for treating a variety of illnesses; however, it suggests that more comprehensive research is necessary to scientifically substantiate these applications.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">71</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Enkhtuul Bayarsaikhan&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Turtushikh Damba&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Buyanjargal Erdenebat&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Norovnyam Ryenchinbyambaa&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Otgonsuren Daramzav&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Khuvitavilan Battulga&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Munkhzul Boldbaatar&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Myagmarsuren Badamtsetseg&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Enkhjargal Dorjval&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Davaadagva Damdinjav&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Otgonbaatar Urjin&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Maria Halabalaki&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Wirginia Kukula-Koch&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Daariimaa Khurelbat&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, MONGOLIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, MONGOLIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Clinical pharmacy and management, School of Pharmacy, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, MONGOLIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plants Garden, Medical University of Lublin, POLAND. 5Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ariunaa Erdene</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amarjargal Baldandorj</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shagdarsuren Dashjamts</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Khaliunaa Baasanjav</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bold Sharav</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Selenge Erdenechimeg</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">New Studies on Drug Discovery for Cardiovascular Diseases from “Beautiful Wondrous Eye Ornament” by Jambaldorj</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ancient medical books</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cardiovascular diseases</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jambaldorj</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Traditional medicine</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">323-326</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;This research is to clear the information of the ancient medical books written by toin Jambaldorj, who wrote about some herbal medicines used to treat cardiovascular diseases, and their taste, potency, and quality. Toin Jambaldorj. Gso byed bdud rtsi'i 'khrul med ngos 'dzin bzo rig me long du rnam par shar ba mdzes mtshar mig rgyan zhes bya ba bzhugs so. Wooden printing block with Tibetan script. Methods of textual analysis for ancient books and checklist methods were used in the study. A prominent representative of traditional Mongolian medicine, Toin Jambaldorj, wrote his book “Beautiful Wondrous Eye Ornament” between 1817 and 1823. He used dozens of Indian Ayurvedic, Chinese, and Tibetan medical works of that time to write this book. He also extensively used the Mongolians’ medical heritage. Therefore, this book is considered the most reliable book on pharmacognosy. Toin Jambaldorj's book “Beautiful Wondrous Eye Ornament” lists 9 herbal medicines used for cardiovascular diseases. The names of some herbal medicines are written in Mongolian, Chinese, Tibetan, Manchu, and Sanskrit, further evidence that the book was written in many languages and from many different sources&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">323</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ariunaa Erdene&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Amarjargal Baldandorj&lt;sup&gt;1,2*&lt;/sup&gt;, Shagdarsuren Dashjamts&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Khaliunaa Baasanjav&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Bold Sharav&lt;sup&gt;1,3&lt;/sup&gt;, Selenge Erdenechimeg&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Mongolian University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, PO-37, Box-59, Ulaanbaatar 18080, MONGOLIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;BUNDA Clinic, Peace Avenue 107, Ulaanbaatar 16000, MONGOLIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;“Ach” Medical University, Peace Avenue, Ulaanbaatar 18101, MONGOLIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ace Baehaki</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sabrina Rahmadania</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Herpandi H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Hendri</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peptide Production from Snakehead Fish (Channa striata) extract with the addition of Bay leaf (Syzygium polyanthum) and Basil leaf (Ocimum basilicum)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Basil leaf</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bay leaf</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Degree of Hydrolysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peptides</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Protein Content</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Snakehead fish</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">542-544</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;This study aims to determine the effect of adding bay leaves (&lt;em&gt;Syzygium polyanthum&lt;/em&gt;) and basil leaves (&lt;em&gt;Ocimum basilicum&lt;/em&gt;) on the peptide extract of snakehead fish (&lt;em&gt;Channa Striata&lt;/em&gt;). The research utilized a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 4 treatment factors and 3 replications. Treatments involved different leaf additions during the preparation of the fish peptide extract: control (A0), bay leaves (A1), basil leaves (A2), and both bay and basil leaves (A3). Parameters observed were protein content analysis, degree of hydrolysis, and protein profile using SDS-PAGE. The results of protein content analysis showed no significant effect on protein content, with averages of 6.25% for treatment A0, 6.09% for A1, 10.83% for A2, and 9.80% for A3. The degree of hydrolysis results indicated highly significant differences, confirmed by Tukey's Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) test at a 5% significance level: 22.21% for A0, 41.82% for A1, 52.76% for A2, and 43.66% for A3. This demonstrates very significant variation among treatments. The protein profile analysis of the snakehead fish peptide extract showed that treatments involving the addition of bay leaves and basil leaves affected the molecular weight of proteins in the range of 10-140 kDa and the number of protein bands produced.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">542</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ace Baehaki&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Sabrina Rahmadania&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Herpandi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Hendri&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Study Program of Fisheries Product Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sriwijaya, Jl Palembang-Prabumulih Km 32, Indralaya Ogan Ilir, South Sumatera, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Study Program of Marine, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sriwijaya, Jl Palembang-Prabumulih Km 32, Indralaya Ogan Ilir, South Sumatera, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mandla Hlongwane</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Siphamandla Lamula</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lisa Buwa-Komoreng</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical Analysis and Antimicrobial Activity of Medicinal Plants Commonly Used in the Treatment of Tuberculosis in the Eastern Free State, South Africa</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dicoma anomala</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Drimia depressa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eucomis autumnalis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hermannia depressa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lotononis lanceolata</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Senecio harveianus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thesium angulosum</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Xysmalobium undulatum</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">155-163</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Tuberculosis (TB), an airborne infectious disease that mainly infects the lungs, caused by&lt;em&gt; Mycobacterium tuberculosis.&lt;/em&gt; South Africa is one of the countries with the highest TB and multi-drugresistant TB burden.&lt;strong&gt; Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aimed at screening eight medicinal plants that are frequently used by herbalists and traditional healers of the eastern Free State for the treatment of TB. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Thirty-two plant extracts were screened for the presence of phytochemicals, antibacterial, antifungal and antimycobacterial activities using standard methods. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Extracts prepared from &lt;em&gt;Hermannia depressa&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Senecio harveianus &lt;/em&gt;displayed the best antibacterial activity against all test microorganisms ranging between 0.098 and 0.781 mg/ml while &lt;em&gt;Drimia depressa&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Lotononis lanceolata &lt;/em&gt;extracts displayed the best antifungal activity between 0.049 and 0.781 mg/ml. The good antimycobacterial activity was observed with organic extracts prepared from&lt;em&gt; Dicoma anomala,&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;H. depressa, L. lanceolata &lt;/em&gt;and &lt;em&gt;S. harveianus &lt;/em&gt;between 0.195 and 0.781 mg/ml. &lt;strong&gt;Discussion:&lt;/strong&gt; All plants displayed the presence of tannins and saponins and the absence of alkaloids, anthraquinones and steroids. Plants under this study demonstrated significant antibacterial, antifungal and antimycobacterial activities, with extracts prepared from &lt;em&gt;H. depressa &lt;/em&gt;and &lt;em&gt;S. harveianus &lt;/em&gt;displaying the best activity against all the test microorganisms with MIC values ranging between 0.098 and 0.781 mg/ml, respectively. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The selected medicinal plants that are used in the treatment of TB and related respiratory ailments in the eastern Free State revealed the presence of phytochemicals and significant antimicrobial activities, which explain and justify their frequent use by traditional healers.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">155</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mandla Hlongwane&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Siphamandla Lamula&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Lisa Buwa-Komoreng&lt;sup&gt;2*&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Research Directorate, Mangosuthu University of Technology, Durban, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Botany Department, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Fort Hare, Alice, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anchana Babu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rekha D Kini</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nayanatara Arun Kumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Megha Gokul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bhagyalakshmi K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sneha Shetty B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vinodini NA</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Potential Role of Ashwagandha [Withania Somnifera] As An Antioxidant On Aluminium Chloride-Induced Testicular Damage In Wistar Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Malondialdehyde</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reactive Oxygen Species</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reduced glutathione</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sperm morphology</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">583-587</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Aluminium is most prevalent and third most abundant element in earth crust after oxygen. Its exposure in high concentration can accumulate in many organs that damage various organs in living organisms like humans and animals. Although aluminum (Al) is known to induce oxidative damage through various mechanisms including binding to negatively charged phospholipids on the membrane of various tissue cell which are rich in PUFA.Hence,this study was aimed to find the potential role of ashwagandha on aluminum induced testicular toxicity. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Animals were segregated into 4 groups of 6 rats in each. The control group, the Ashwagandha treated group, the Aluminum intoxicated group, pretreated with Ashwagandha with Aluminum intoxicity group. Testicular tissue was removed and were stored in 10% formalin saline and histopathological slides were done . A part of the tissues were processed for estimation of MDA and GSH level. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;In the present study administration of aluminum in rats showed a significant decrease in the testicular tissue level of GSH and sperm count, as well as increase in the level of MDA and sperm morphology in aluminum treated group compared to normal control. Treatment with Ashwagandha showed a significant increase in testicular GSH level, sperm count and decrease in MDA level sperm morphology. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The results of this study revealed that oral Aluminum Chloride administration induced adverse oxidative effects on the exposed animals and treatment with&lt;em&gt; W. somnifera &lt;/em&gt;reduced the extent of aluminium chloride-induced tissue injury&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">583</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Anchana Babu&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Rekha D Kini&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Nayanatara Arun Kumar&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Megha Gokul&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Bhagyalakshmi K&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Sneha Shetty B&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Vinodini NA&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Physiology, Kasturba Medical College Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Enkhmaa Gonchig</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chimgee Tserendash</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maral-Erdene Gerelt-Od</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Batdavaa Batbayar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mend-Amar Batbaatar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Perleidulam Bunddulam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Enerel Yeruult</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Narankhajid Myadagsuren</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Otgonbat Altangerel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yeruult Chultemsuren</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Preclinical Safety Assessment of a Polyherbal Formulation: Acute, Subchronic, and Mutagenic Evaluation</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">acute toxicity; mutagenicity; phytochemicals; polyherbal formulation; safety evaluation; subchronic toxicity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">322-328</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Before market approval, novel herbal medicines and bioactive compounds require rigorous genotoxicity and safety evaluations. A polyherbal formulation derived from &lt;em&gt;Dasiphora fruticosa, Cynara scolymus&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;Rosa acicularis&lt;/em&gt; has previously demonstrated antioxidant and nephroprotective properties. However, comprehensive toxicological and mutagenicity evaluations are needed to support its clinical development. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the acute and subchronic toxicities and mutagenic potential of this polyherbal formulation.&lt;strong&gt; Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Acute oral toxicity was assessed in C57BL/6 mice using a two-phase protocol based on Lorke's method. Subchronic toxicity was evaluated in Wistar rats following OECD guideline 407, with daily oral administration of the polyherbal formulation at doses of 500 and 1,000 mg/kg for 28 days. Mutagenicity was assessed using the Muta-Chromoplate (Ames test) kit according to OECD guideline 471. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Acute toxicity evaluation determined that the median lethal dose (LD&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;) of the polyherbal formulation exceeds 5,000 mg/kg, categorising it as practically nontoxic. The subchronic toxicity assessment revealed that doses of 500 and 1,000 mg/kg had no significant effects on body and organ weight, haematological and biochemical parameters, and histopathological features compared with the controls. Furthermore, the Ames test confirmed that the polyherbal formulation had no mutagenic activity. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; The polyherbal formulation exhibited no acute toxicity at doses up to 5,000 mg/kg, and no adverse effects were observed in a 28-day subchronic toxicity study. Furthermore, its favourable safety profile was further confirmed by its lack of mutagenic potential. Collectively, these findings provide a robust foundation for continued preclinical and clinical development of the polyherbal formulation&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">322</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Enkhmaa Gonchig&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Chimgee Tserendash&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Maral-Erdene Gerelt-Od&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Batdavaa Batbayar&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Mend-Amar Batbaatar&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Perleidulam Bunddulam&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Enerel Yeruult&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Narankhajid Myadagsuren&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Otgonbat Altangerel&lt;sup&gt;4*&lt;/sup&gt;, Yeruult Chultemsuren&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, School of Biomedicine, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Zorig street, post office 48/111, Ulaanbaatar 14210, MONGOLIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;School of Regional Innovation and Social Design Engineering, Kitami Institute of Technology, Hokkaido 090-8507, JAPAN.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, School of Biomedicine, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Zorig street, post office 48/111, 14210 Ulaanbaatar, MONGOLIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Hematology, School of Medicine, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Zorig street, post office 48/111, 14210 Ulaanbaatar, MONGOLIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amina DOUBBI BOUNOUA</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mokhtaria Yasmina BOUFADI</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karima BOUGUEROUA</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soumia KEDDARI</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Preparation, Characterization and Wound Healing Effect of β Chitosan and Gelatin Hydrogels from Sepia Officinalis: In Vivo Study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gelatin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hydrogel</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Os</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sepia Officinalis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Skin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wound Healing</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">β Chitosan</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">244-251</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Wound healing is a fundamental process through which the body repairs itself following damage to the skin's integrity. This process is intricate and involves multiple biological mechanisms. The objective of this study is to assess the wound healing properties of β-chitosan and gelatin hydrogels. Twenty-five rats were divided into five groups to facilitate the evaluation of wound closure rates and histopathological changes. Upon analyzing the results, we noted a decrease in the initial surface area of all wounds examined. The extent of contraction varied depending on the type of hydrogel used. By day 14, the contraction was most significant in the hydrogel (ch + gel) group (97.30%), followed closely by β-chitosan (96.72%) and gelatin (96.63%), as well as the cicatryl-bio treatment (92.76%).&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">244</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Amina DOUBBI BOUNOUA&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Mokhtaria Yasmina BOUFADI&lt;sup&gt;1,2,3*&lt;/sup&gt;, Karima BOUGUEROUA&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Soumia KEDDARI&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Bioeconomics, Food Safety and Health, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Life, University of Abdelhamid Ibn Badis, Mostaganem 27000, ALGERIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of biology, University of Houari Boumediene USTHB Algiers 16000, ALGERIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Libre university of Brussels, 1050 Brussels, BELGIUM.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ochirbat Dagvadorj</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Javkhlan Bold</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tserendagva Dalkh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Selenge Erdenechimeg</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bold Sharav</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Re-examining Crude Drugs used in the Treatment of COVID-19 from Ancient Medical Books</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ancient medical books</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Common cold</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COVID-19</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Influenza</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mana-4</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Norov-7</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Traditional medicine</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">327-330</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Purpose:&lt;/strong&gt; Research ancient medical books to find the medicinal ingredients used in the two most widely used recipes for treating COVID-19. &lt;strong&gt;Research materials: &lt;/strong&gt;1. The following materials were used in the study. Including: Lamyn gegeen Luvsandanzanjantsan (1649-1704). “Man ngag bdud rtsi zegs ma.” Wooden printing block with Tibetan script. 2. Toin Jambaldorj (1792-1855). Gso byed bdud rtsi'i 'khrul med ngos 'dzin bzo rig me long du rnam par shar ba mdzes mtshar mig rgyan zhes bya ba bzhugs so. Wooden printing block with Tibetan script.&lt;strong&gt; Research Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Methods of textual analysis for ancient books and checklist methods were used in the study. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The most effective and most widely used drugs for the treatment of COVID-19 were Mana-4 and Norov-7 decoctions. The source of these two decoctions is Lamyn gegeen Luvsandanzanjantsan’s (1649-1704) book “Man ngag bdud rtsi zegs ma”. This book was one of the main textbooks at the Medical School established in Mongolia in 1685. The traditional medicinal indications and usages of the 7 medicinal crude drugs included in the composition of Mana-4 and Norov-7 decoctions were studied in detail in Toin Jambaldorj’s book “Beautiful Marvelous Eye Ornament.” Apart from these 7 medicinal crude drugs, 6 medicinal crude drugs have the effect of treating influenza and influenza-like illnesses according to modern medical theory. Therefore, it has been established that Mana- 4 and Norov-7 decoctions have the effect of treating infectious febrile disorders accompanied by cold chills and shivering, preliminary stages of influenza, and open up bodily pores and induce sweat.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">327</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ochirbat Dagvadorj&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; , Javkhlan Bold&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Tserendagva Dalkh&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Selenge Erdenechimeg&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Bold Sharav&lt;sup&gt;2,3&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Post Box 48/111, Ulaanbaatar city 14210, Mongolia&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Mongolian University of Pharmaceutical Sciences PO-37, Box-59, Ulaanbaatar 18080, Mongolia&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;“Ach” Medical University, Peace Avenue, Ulaanbaatar 18101&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sainjargal Ayush</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Selenge Erdenechimeg</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ao Wuliji</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hua Naranmandura</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bold Sharav</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Javkhlan Bold</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A Study on Arsenic and Arsenic-Containing Mineral Medicines Referenced in Ancient Books of Traditional Mongolian Medicine</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arsenic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ingredient</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">manuscript</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mineral medicines</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Traditional medicine</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">270-274</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Arsenic was used to distinguish between red stone poison and white stone poison in traditional medicine from ancient times. However, there is no specific study conducted on &quot;stone arsenic&quot; based on ancient Mongolian medical books and manuscripts. Therefore, this study aims to collect and analyse information on arsenic recorded in ancient traditional medical scriptures and books written in Mongolian and Tibetan as early as the 19&lt;sup&gt;th &lt;/sup&gt;to late 20&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; centuries, with a focus on its medical applications and associated terminology. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The hermeneutic research method emphasises the interpretive analysis of ancient texts, communications, and their interrelations. Employing the hermeneutics method, we focused on interpreting the meanings within ancient medical texts and manuscripts, including the terminology of the sources selected for analysis. The checklist method was used to categorise and list the facts and information about arsenic in the study sources. The relevant components of the collected information and facts regarding arsenic and arsenic-containing mineral medicines were examined. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Several sources of traditional Mongolian medicine have mentioned the use of arsenic as a standalone substance. Additionally, there is limited information about its use in combination with other medications. During the research, it was discovered that an ancient manuscript mentioned its use as an active ingredient. This manuscript, a single-page scripture, is poorly written but contains rare information. The active ingredient of this medicine is arsenic, and the other four ingredients are sulphur native, sal ammoniac, realgar, and resin of the plant Shorea robusta. It is mixed with aged oil and applied to various wounds, and is regarded as one of the most effective remedies for all ulcers and wounds. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The research results revealed that there are several clear references to arsenic in ancient traditional Mongolian medical books and manuscripts written in Tibetan and Mongolian. The Tibetan name for arsenic is &lt;em&gt;rdo dug&lt;/em&gt;, the Mongolian name is khüntsel, and the Latin name is Arsenicum. The findings indicate that arsenic is incorporated into several traditional prescriptions and serves as an active component in certain medicinal formulations.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">270</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sainjargal Ayush&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Selenge Erdenechimeg&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ao Wuliji&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Hua Naranmandura&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Bold Sharav&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Javkhlan Bold&lt;sup&gt;4*&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Traditional Medicine, Mongolian University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MONGOLIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Research Institute of Mongolian Medicine, Technology of Inner Mongolia, CHINA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, CHINA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, JAPAN. 5Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, MONGOLIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Monika S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sridevi N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ranjitha S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Harini V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oviya R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tharun Adhithya M B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thirumal M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vignesh S</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Traditional claims to Scientific Evidence: A Analysis of Trachyspermum ammi</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ajwain</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Apiaceae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Histochemical studies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognostical study</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">standardization</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">425-433</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Trachyspermum ammi &lt;/em&gt;(Ajwain) is a medicinally significant plant belonging to the Apiaceae family, widely cultivated in various regions, including India, Iran, and Egypt. &lt;strong&gt;Objectives: &lt;/strong&gt;This study provides a detailed Pharmacognostic evaluation of ajwain through macroscopic, microscopic, powder microscopy, histochemical, and preliminary phytochemical analyses, along with standardization parameters for crude drug validation. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Ajwain fruits were collected and authenticated by a certified botanist. Macroscopic and microscopic analyses were conducted using digital and compound microscopes. Powder microscopy, histochemical staining, preliminary phytochemical screening, and physicochemical standardization, such as ash values, extractive values, and moisture content, were performed. &lt;strong&gt;Result: &lt;/strong&gt;Macroscopic observations confirmed the fruit’s distinctive morphological features, while microscopic studies detailed the anatomical structure, including the presence of vittae, epicarp with papillae, and oil globules. Powder microscopy further verified characteristic elements such as anomocytic stomata, fibers, annular vessels, and phenolic compounds. Histochemical tests revealed the presence of bioactive compounds like alkaloids, flavonoids, lignin, and mucilage, which contribute to its therapeutic properties. These findings substantiate the traditional medicinal applications of ajwain, particularly in gastrointestinal and respiratory treatments. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The study provides essential diagnostic markers for quality control and standardization in herbal medicine, laying a foundation for future pharmacological investigations.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">425</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Monika S&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Sridevi N&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ranjitha S&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Harini V&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Oviya R&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Tharun Adhithya M B&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Thirumal M&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Vignesh S &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu – 603 203, INDIA&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dr. MGR Educational and Research Institute. INDIA&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sri Balaji Medical campus and Hospital, BIHER, Chromepet. INDIA&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, P.S.V.College of Pharmaceutical Science &amp;amp; Research, Orappam, Krishnagiri&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baigalmaa Dovchinsuren</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ariunaa Damdinsuren</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bolor Bayarkhuu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mandakhnaran Purevkhuu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Otgonbat Batjargal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boditsetseg Badarch</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Enkhjargal Dorjbal</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tribulus terrestris L. in traditional Mongolian medicine: Medicinal Applications, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diuretic activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nephroprotective effect</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physical performance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Traditional Mongolian medicine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tribulus terrestris L.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">171-178</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tribulus terrestris &lt;/em&gt;L&lt;em&gt;.&lt;/em&gt; has traditionally been used in Mongolian medicine for its effects on kidney protection, promotion of urination, and boosting of physical energy. This study investigated the plant's historical use, chemical composition, biological effects, and medicinal significance. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; A literature review was conducted using classical medical texts, pharmacopoeias, and peer-reviewed articles from international research databases to explore the properties and uses of&lt;em&gt; T. terrestris.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Traditional sources, such as book “Essence of spring water, root of the eight-part secret”(“&lt;em&gt;Rashaan Shim Naiman Gishuun't Nuuts Uvdisiin Undes&lt;/em&gt;”), describe &lt;em&gt;T. terrestris&lt;/em&gt; as having sweet and warm properties, mainly used for treating kidney diseases and wind-related disorders (khi). It has traditionally been used to relieve kidney ailments caused by cold, kidney rheumatism, urinary retention, leg and back pain, edema, and male reproductive weakness. Additionally, it is believed to promote urination and enhance the overall vitality. Modern research confirms that T. terrestris exhibits kidney-protective effects owing to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. It also has mild diuretic effects, supports sex hormone production, and enhances sexual functions. Furthermore, their antioxidant properties have potential anti-aging effects. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Modern research confirms the traditional use of &lt;em&gt;T. terrestris &lt;/em&gt;to support kidney health, promote urination, and boost physical energy intake.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">171</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Baigalmaa Dovchinsuren&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ariunaa Damdinsuren&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Bolor Bayarkhuu&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Mandakhnaran Purevkhuu&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Otgonbat Batjargal&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Boditsetseg Badarch&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Enkhjargal Dorjbal&lt;sup&gt;2*&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacy Technician, School of Pharmacy, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, MONGOLIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, MONGOLIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paul Alan Arkin Alvarado-García</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marilú Roxana Soto-Vásquez</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Demetrio Rafael Jara-Aguilar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">José Gilberto Gavidia-Valencia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Natalia Mavila Guzmán-Rodríguez</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elda Maritza Rodrigo-Villanueva</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Iris Melina Alfaro- Beltrán</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antidepressant, Anxiolytic, and Antioxidant Properties of Piper Aduncum Essential Oil from Northern Peru</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antidepressant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anxiolytic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Essential oil</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Piper aduncum</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1252-1258</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;This investigation aimed to evaluate the antidepressant, anxiolytic, and antioxidant effects of &lt;em&gt;Piper aduncum&lt;/em&gt; essential oil from northern Peru. The essential oils were obtained through hydro-distillation using a modified Clevenger-type apparatus. The chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to assess the chemical composition. Behavioral assays in mice were used to evaluate the antidepressant and anxiolytic effects. In addition, the antioxidant capacity was performed through DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays. The GC-MS analysis revealed that linalool (29.16%), bicyclogermacrene (13.32%), nerolidol (12.38%), and β-caryophyllene (10.76%) were the principal components. The results demonstrated significant antidepressant and anxiolytic effects comparable to fluoxetine and diazepam, with statistical differences between all groups (p&amp;lt;0.005). The IC50 values for the DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays were 5.9±0.08, 0.20±0.06, and 109.5±1.3, respectively. Consequently, &lt;em&gt;Piper aduncum&lt;/em&gt; essential oil exhibits antidepressant and anxiolytic-like effects and modest antioxidant properties compared to the controls.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1252</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Paul Alan Arkin Alvarado- García&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Marilú Roxana Soto- Vásquez&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Demetrio Rafael Jara-Aguilar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, José Gilberto Gavidia-Valencia&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Natalia Mavila Guzmán-Rodríguez&lt;sup&gt;1,3&lt;/sup&gt;, Elda Maritza Rodrigo-Villanueva&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Iris Melina Alfaro-Beltrán&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Grupo de investigación en Salud Mental y Medicina Integrativa, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad César Vallejo, Trujillo, PERÚ.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Grupo de investigación de Productos Naturales y Sustancias Bioactivas. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, Trujillo, PERÚ.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Escuela de Psicología, Universidad César Vallejo, Trujillo, PERÚ&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, Trujillo, PERÚ.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Matsaba B.M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Makhoahle P.M</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bacteriological Profile of Clinical Isolates from COVID-19 Hospitalised and Non-Hospitalised Patients in Bloemfontein</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibiotics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bacterial Infections</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COVID-19</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Patients</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">67-75</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;The COVID-19 literature is limited regarding bacterial infections. If bacterial infections drive mortality in respiratory viruses, this has clear implications for patient management. To address this limited literature problem, we review current knowledge on bacterial infections in COVID-19, assess information from past viral respiratory pandemics, and determine the most prevalent infections. We also study antibiotic misuse during the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings of this study conclude that there is a need to consider presence or absence of bacterial infection in COVID-19 management. Early determination and antibiotic treatment are of importance, however not all patients who are tested for COVID -19 are also tested for bacterial infections which may exacerbate the disease. Physicians utilised antibiotics as a treatment for COVID -19 for various reasons, this posed a risk of antibiotic overuse and antimicrobial resistance when administered in patients with no bacterial infection. While lack of access to antibiotics could be dangerous in the same vein as its misuse, it is of importance to ensure that these life-saving agents are preserved and used with utmost care.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">67</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Matsaba B.M&lt;sup&gt;1,2 &lt;/sup&gt;and Makhoahle P.M&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;,*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Department of Health Sciences, Biomedical Technology/Medical Laboratory Sciences, Central University of Technology, Free State, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;PathCare Laboratory-Bloemfontein, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kasturi Bhattacharjee</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moumita Nath</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yashmin Choudhury</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berberine Mitigates Betel-Nut Induced Hepatocarcinogenesis, Enhances Chemosensitivity to Cisplatin and Reduces Cisplatin- Induced Nephrotoxicity in Mice Exposed to an Aqueous Extract of Betel Nut</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">AEBN</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berberine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Betel-Nut</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemotherapy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cisplatin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toxicity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1021-1028</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; There is a considerable correlation between the use of betel-nut (BN) as a chewing substance and the development of various malignancies. Objective: The bioactive phytocompound berberine was tested as monotherapy or in combination with cisplatin to reduce BN-induced carcinogenesis in mice. We also examined how berberine affected cisplatin-induced toxicity. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Swiss Albino mice were exposed to aqueous extract of betel-nut (AEBN) at a dose of 2 mg ml-1 in drinking water, for 16 weeks. Following this, the mice were given a combination of AEBN and berberine (10 mg kg&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;) for 8 weeks. Control mice were given drinking water without AEBN for 24 weeks. For the combination treatment, mice that had been exposed to AEBN (2 mg ml&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;) for 16 weeks were given AEBN+sodiumchloride+cisplatin (5 mg kg&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;) +berberine (10 mg kg&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;) for 2 weeks. Histopathology, oxidative stress, proliferation, apoptosis, oncogenic and tumor suppressor proteins, hepatotoxicity, and nephrotoxicity were assessed in tissues retrieved at treatment endpoints. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Berberine monotherapy reduced tissue dysplasia, liver nodulation, oxidative stress, proliferation (Ki-67 and Cyclin D1) markers, Akt/mTOR signaling, and pP53 (Ser-15) levels and apoptosis in AEBN-treated mice to levels comparable to cisplatin alone. Berberine with cisplatin decreased nephrotoxicity, fur shedding, and cancer phenotype more than cisplatin alone. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The study results imparted a new therapeutic approach in developing more effective and less harmful cancer treatments.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1021</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Kasturi Bhattacharjee, Moumita Nath, Yashmin Choudhury*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Department of Biotechnology, Assam University, Silchar-788011, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Retno Budiarti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ediono</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Miftahussurur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdulloh Machin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mochammad Wijdan Rosyich</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ayu Imamatun Nisa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fatimatuzzahro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nila Novia Putri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Ja’far Shodiq</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biomarker Profiles Associated with Covid-19 Mortality in East Java, Indonesia: A Tertiary Care Hospital Study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biomarker</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COVID-19</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Outcome</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">689-694</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; This study aimed to compare the most useful biomarkers for predicting prognosis and response to therapy in COVID-19 patients. &lt;strong&gt;Material and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; This quantitative study involved 639 patients who were hospitalized with COVID-19 infection. Patients without any biochemical marker result; patients referred to another hospital; and peripheral oxygen levels measured using oxygen supplementation were excluded from the study. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;There was a statistically significant difference in terms of demographics, vital signs on admission, and laboratory parameters. The risk of mortality in COVID-19 is significantly influenced by c-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels (p-value &amp;lt;0.05). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Findings revealed these biomarkers could help the future development of more personalized treatment and diagnostic approaches.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">689</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Retno Budiarti&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;*, Ediono&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Miftahussurur&lt;sup&gt;3,4&lt;/sup&gt;, Abdulloh Machin&lt;sup&gt;5,7&lt;/sup&gt;, Wiwin Is Effendi&lt;sup&gt;5,6&lt;/sup&gt;, Mochammad Wijdan Rosyich&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;, Ayu Imamatun Nisa’&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;, Fatimatuzzahro’&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;, Nila Novia Putri&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Ja’far Shodiq&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hang Tuah University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Pulmonology Department, Naval Hospital, RSAL Dr. Ramelan, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Division of Gastroentero-Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine / Dr. Soetomo Teaching Hospital, Airlangga University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Helicobacter Pylori and Microbiota Study Group, Institute of Tropical Disease, Airlangga University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Infectious Hospital, Airlangga University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Neurology Department, Faculty of Medicine / Dr. Soetomo Teaching Hospital, Airlangga University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ganesha Pratama Biyang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ashon Sa'adi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Challenges in the Diagnosis and Management of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia: A Case Report</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">21-hydroxylase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Congenital adrenal hyperplasia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disorder of sexual development</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">702-705</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is an autosomal recessive endocrine disorder resulting in 21-hydroxylase enzyme deficiency. Nonclassical congenital adrenal hyperplasia is commonly found in adult patients with menstrual disorders, growth delays, secondary sexual characteristic abnormalities, or infertility. Diagnosing and managing CAH presents several challenges that can hinder patients from achieving therapeutic targets. &lt;strong&gt;Case Presentation:&lt;/strong&gt; A 19-year-old female was referred from the Internal Medicine Polyclinic to the Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility Polyclinic at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital (RSUD Dr. Soetomo), presenting with primary amenorrhea and no breast development. Examination revealed signs of virilization, such as hirsutism, acne, and clitoromegaly. Ultrasound examination showed a hypoplastic uterus with normal ovaries. Elevated serum 17-OHP and testosterone from laboratory examination confirmed the diagnosis. Treatment with glucocorticoid replacement therapy using hydrocortisone, along with antiandrogenic contraceptive pills, showed therapeutic progress within six months. &lt;strong&gt;Discussion:&lt;/strong&gt; Diagnosing CAH is challenging and often results in delays in patients receiving appropriate care. The primary therapeutic goal of CAH is to prevent hyperandrogenism and provide glucocorticoid replacement therapy to suppress ACTH activity. Long-term administration of hydrocortisone and contraceptive pills for puberty induction is a viable and accessible option. However, long-term therapy can lead to side effects that impact the patient. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; There are several challenges in diagnosing and managing congenital CAH. Long-term management should be personalized, prioritizing the patient's goals and maximizing the benefits of multidisciplinary therapy.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Case Report</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">702</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ganesha Pratama Biyang*, Ashon Sa'adi&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Division of Fertility Endocrinology and Reproduction, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine/Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rahmat Haji Saeni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andi Zulkifli Abdullah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Veni Hadju</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ridwan Amiruddin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agus Bintara Birawida</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suriah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rika Handayani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Mallongi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Community-Based Electronic Recording and Reporting in Indonesia: Systematic Review</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Health</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Indonesia.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Monitoring</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Recording</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reporting</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">860-864</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Implementing electronic-based health information systems in Indonesia has shown a significant increase in the last decade. However, many problems still need to be solved that hinder the effectiveness of this system. Studies describing the implementation of electronic-based data collection, monitoring, and reporting show confusing results. &lt;strong&gt;Aim&lt;/strong&gt;: This review aims to evaluate the implementation of community-based electronic data collection, monitoring and reporting. &lt;strong&gt;Method:&lt;/strong&gt; PRISMA guidelines was used to conduct this review. Databases used to search relevant literature including PubMed, Sciencedirect, Willey Online Library, and Proquest. Authors independently screening and extracted the data from the eligible studies. CASP for qualitative study was used to assess the quality of the study.&lt;strong&gt; Result: &lt;/strong&gt;There are nine studies that matched with the inclusion criteria. Area of recording, monitoring, and reporting including maternal and child health, NCDs, and Tuberculosis. the challenges faced by Indonesia in implementing the ERMR including internet connections, access to electricity, absence of regulations, human resources, facilities, Fragmented application, Age, Pandemic, and lack of communication. Based on those barriers, infrastructure in supporting the implementation of ERMR is the most stated in the studies included. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The implementation of ERMR is crucial for the Indonesian government to address immediately, given the significantly substantial benefits for the health status of the Indonesian people. The availability of adequate infrastructure, especially in remote areas, will support satisfactory public health services.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">860</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rahmat Haji Saeni&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Andi Zulkifli Abdullah&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Veni Hadju&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Ridwan Amiruddin&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Agus Bintara Birawida&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Suriah&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Rika Handayani&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Anwar Mallongi&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Phd Student, College of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Nursing, College of Nursing and Midwifery, Megarezky University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Engla Merizka</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Septelia Inawati Wanandi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Budiman Bela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Silvia Tri Widyaningtyas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fadilah Fadilah</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Comparative Analysis Molecular Simulation IL6R Alpha with TCZ and HIL6: Mechanism in Inflammatory Responses</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Binding affinity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HIL6</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IL6</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IL6R</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular docking</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular dynamics.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">738-743</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; In cases of inflammation, there is typically a connection between IL6R and HIL6. If there is an excessive level of activity in this connection, it can lead to a cytokine storm. Tocilizumab (TCZ), also known as AntiIL-6R, is a biologic drug that is a recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody. It is specifically used to treat inflammatory and autoimmune diseases that are associated with cytokine storms. &lt;strong&gt;Method:&lt;/strong&gt; This study utilizes in silico analysis to assess the ability of TCZ, a biosimilar, to block IL6R and compares it to the blocking effect of HIL6. Validation of the 3D structure of the IL6R was performed using a Ramachandran plot. &lt;strong&gt;Results&lt;/strong&gt;: The IL6R alpha subunit had a validation score of 97.86%, while the IL6R beta subunit had a validation value of 95.54%. The molecular docking analysis reveals that the TCZ light chain forms a complex with IL6R, yielding a docking score of -16.4 kcal mol-1. Similarly, the TCZ heavy chain also interacts with IL6R, resulting in a docking value of -15.5 kcal mol-1. Notably, both scores are higher than the docking score of the control, which involves IL6R with HIL6, measuring -12.5 kcal mol- 1. The root mean square fluctuation (RMSF) value of the IL6R protein in the presence of TCZ (Tocilizumab) is consistently below 2, with an average range of 0.04-0.09. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;: The affinity between IL6R and TCZ is greater than the affinity between IL6R and HIL6.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">738</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Engla Merizka&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Septelia Inawati Wanandi&lt;sup&gt;3,4*&lt;/sup&gt;, Budiman Bela&lt;sup&gt;5,6&lt;/sup&gt;, Silvia Tri Widyaningtyas&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Fadilah Fadilah&lt;sup&gt;7,8 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Doctoral Program in Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine,&amp;nbsp;Universitas Indonesia, 10430 Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Diploma Programs for Medical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Science, Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof.DR.HAMKA, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Molecular Biology and Proteomics Core Facilities, Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta 10430, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta 10430, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine,&amp;nbsp;Universitas Indonesia, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Virology and Cancer&amp;nbsp;Pathobiology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, 10430 Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine,&amp;nbsp;Universitas Indonesia, Jalan Salemba Raya number 4, Jakarta 10430, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;Bioinformatics Core Facilities -&amp;nbsp;IMERI, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jalan Salemba Raya number 6, Jakarta 10430, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vicky Sumarki Budipramana</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Compression of Common Hepatic Duct (CHD) Caused by Dilated Cystic Duct, is it Another Variant or New Type of Mirizzi Syndrome: A Case Report</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Common Hepatic Duct obstruction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cystic duct dilatation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mirizzi Syndrome</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">698-701</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Narrowing or obstructing of Common Bile Duct (CBD) by gallstone impacted in distal cystic duct is known as Mirizzi Syndrome (MS). However, the compression of Common Hepatic Duct (CHD) because of the enlargement of cystic duct due to the impacted stone in the distal cystic duct has never been reported. &lt;strong&gt;Case Report: &lt;/strong&gt;A 60 year old man, Indonesian Javanese ethnicity, came to the hospital with bile duct stone and obstructive jaundice due to the compression of Common Hepatic Duct (CHD) because of the enlargement of cystic duct. In this case, the stone just lies in the tip of the cystic duct causing obstruction of cystic duct but the stone does not directly compress the CBD. Long cystic duct with mid or low insertion into CBD possibly occurs in this case. The diagnosis of this case is common hepatic duct obstruction caused by the enlargement of cystic duct. Two surgeries were performed, the first surgery was only cholecystectomy, and the second surgery was taking out the remnant of cystic duct including the stone inside. The outcome of the surgery was good, and the patient was allowed to go home from the hospital without further complaints. This rare case cannot be grouped into the existing classification of Mirizzi syndrome. May this case be grouped as another variant or a new type of Mirizzi Syndrome ? This case could be grouped as type I-a of Mirizzi syndrome according to the classification of Mc. Sherry, Beltran or Csendes. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; In Mirizzi syndrome the obstruction of CBD is not only caused directly by the stone in distal cystic duct, but also it can be caused by the enlargement of the cystic duct. This type of bile duct obstruction has never been reported before and this rare case cannot be grouped into the existing classification of Mirizzi syndrome. It is important for surgeons to recognize similar cases in the future, misinterpretation of imaging findings of bile duct obstruction makes surgery difficult and harmful for the patient.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Case Report</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">698</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vicky Sumarki Budipramana*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Hang Tuah University, Surabaya, INDONESIA&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Indra Sampe Parimba</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arief Bakhtiar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soedarsono Soedarsono</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Riyanarto Sarno</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Effectiveness of Armpit Sweat Odor with COVID-19 Detection Device for Detecting COVID-19</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Armpit sweat odor</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COVID-19</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COVID-19 detection device</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">RT-PCR</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">VOC</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">691-697</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Diagnosis and screening for COVID-19 are crucial in controlling the disease. RT-PCR is used for diagnosis. However, this test is high-risk, time-consuming, and expensive. There is a need for specific non-invasive biomarkers to detect COVID-19 rapidly. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by the human body can be used to depict metabolic conditions. A COVID-19 detection device is an electronic device designed to differentiate and detect odors. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of armpit sweat odor with a COVID-19 detection device to detect COVID-19. This study was an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design conducted on COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients in the special isolation ward of Dr. Soetomo Hospital and the outpatient clinic of the Indonesian Navy Hospital during April 2021-December 2021. COVID-19 examination using armpit sweat odor with a COVID-19 detection device. The results of the COVID-19 detection device and RT-PCR were then compared using the McNemar test. The general characteristics of the 168 subjects (81 COVID-19 patients, 87 non-COVID-19 patients) showed that the most common gender was male with the most common comorbidities being hypertension and diabetes mellitus. The results of the diagnostic test showed sensitivity and specificity of 88.9% and 97.7%, respectively with accuracy of 93.45%. The McNemar test showed no significant difference with the RT-PCR results. The results of RT-PCR were not different from the results of armpit sweat odor using COVID-19 detection device.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">691</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Indra Sampe Parimba&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Arief Bakhtiar&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;*, Soedarsono Soedarsono&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Riyanarto Sarno&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya, Airlangga University INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Informatics, Faculty of Intelligent Electrical and Informatics Technology, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS) Surabaya INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acce Basri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Syamsiar Russeng</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nurhaedar Jafar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ridwan Amiruddin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yahya Thamrin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Masni Masni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Safar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Siti Muslimatun</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Mallongi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effects of ADCES7 Self Care Behavior Application and Acupressure on Changes in Blood Glucose Levels in Obesive, Prediabetic Women</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acupressure</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ADCES7 Self Care Behavior.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Obesity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prediabetes</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">744-750</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Prediabetes and obesity in women are important health problems today. Appropriate selfmanagement and other methods are needed to overcome this. Objective: To assess the magnitude of the difference in changes in fasting blood glucose levels, before and after carrying out ADCES7 self-care behavior and acupressure. &lt;strong&gt;Method: &lt;/strong&gt;This research is quasi-experimental research. The research design used was the Non-Randomized Pre Test - Post Test Control Group, which gathered obese, prediabetic women in the Kalumata Community Health Center, Siko Community Health Center and Posbindu under the PKK Ternate City through screening by excluding those who had suffered from diabetes mellitus and were pregnant. This group was then divided into the ADCES7 self care behavior intervention group, the acupressure group and the combined ADCES7 self care behavior and acupressure group. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess changes in fasting blood glucose levels. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Respondents in this study were 102 people who were divided into three groups. The results showed that there was an effect of Self Management intervention p(0.016)&amp;lt;0.05, acupressure intervention p(0.032)&amp;lt;0.05, and the combination group of Self Management and Acupressure p(0.011)&amp;lt;0.05 on changes in fasting blood glucose levels in prediabetic obese women. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; obese prediabetic women who are aware and active in self-management ACDES7 self care behavior and acupressure can reduce blood glucose levels and body weight in obese prediabetic women&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">744</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Acce Basri&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Syamsiar Russeng&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Nurhaedar Jafar&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Ridwan Amiruddin&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Yahya Thamrin&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Masni Masni&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Safar&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;, Siti Muslimatun&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;, Anwar Mallongi&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Doctoral Degree of Department of Occupational Health and Safety, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2,&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Occupational Health and Safety, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Nutrition science, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Statistics and Demography, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Health Promotion and Behaviour Science, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;sup&gt; &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Food Science and Nutrition Indonesia International Institute for Life Sciences, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neni Wahyu Hastuti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Delfitri Munir</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reno Keumalazia Kamarlis</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bintang Yinke Magdalena Sinag</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adang Bachtiar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Farhat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amira Permatasari Tarigan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Delyuzar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eosinophil Cell and Mass Appearance in Atypical Mycobacterium Infection of Lymphadenitis</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Atypical mycobacterium</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eosinophil</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">664-667</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Atypical mycobacterium (ATM) is acid fast bacilli not including tuberculosis and may had opportunistic feature in environment either in air or soil. While symptoms of ATM infection may look similar with typical tuberculosis, these specific group of disease were harder to treat and would necessitate longer antibiotics consumption. While PCR may readily available to detect ATM, anatomical pathology method such as biopsy may be a cheaper alternative in low-resource settings to differentiate between atypical and typical mycobacterium infection. &lt;strong&gt;Aim:&lt;/strong&gt; To analyze correlation between eosinophil cells and eosinophil mass with ATM in lymphadenopathy patient. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This study is an analytical observational study with cross-sectional design which aimed to review diagnostic abilities of eosinophil cell and mass to detect ATM. Patient would undergo both PCR as gold standard of diagnosis and cytology biopsy aspiration as comparative diagnostic modalities. Data would be presented from SPSS v. 25. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; We collected 70 subjects that fulfill inclusion and exclusion criteria. Most samples were dominated by female in relatively young age. There are 37 patients with ATM in which 75,7% patients cytology result shown expression of eosinophil cells and 71,4% patients shown eosinophilic mass. Chi-square test revealed that statistical significance existed between eosinophilic cells with ATM. However, such statistical significance was not found between eosinophilic mass and ATM. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Eosinophilic cell can be used as alternative diagnostic modalities in diagnosing ATM. Further studies should further examine pathophysiological correlations and diagnostic power.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">664</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Neni Wahyu Hastuti&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;*, Delfitri Munir&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Reno Keumalazia Kamarlis&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Bintang Yinke Magdalena Sinaga&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Adang Bachtiar&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Farhat&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Amira Permatasari Tarigan&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Delyuzar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;6&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Philosophy Doctor in Medicine Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Ear, Nose, Throat, Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Anatomical Pathology, dr Zainoel Abidien Hospital, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Health Policy and Administration, School of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prasanth NV</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">P Pandian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">T Balasubramanian</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evaluation of In Vivo Anti Alzheimer's Activity of Vigna radiata and Vigna pilosa using Beta Amyloid Induced Neurotoxicity in Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alzheimer’s disease</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">amyloid-β</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vigna pilosa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vigna radiata</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">519-526</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;AD is the most common form of dementia. Extracellular senile (amyloid) plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) are hallmarks of the disease. Vigna radiata and Vigna pilosa are plants used in many Ayurvedic formulations used in the management of dementia and related conditions. The present study was aimed to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of these plants on an amyloid-β (Aβ) 1-42 model of Alzheimer’s disease in rats. Duration of the study was 21 days. After the recovery period post Aβ1-42 ICV administration, from the 8thday, the ethyl acetate extract of Vigna radiata and ethanolic extract of Vigna pilosa (200mg/kg, 400mg/kg), Donepezil (3mg/kg) treatments were made once daily p.o till the 21st day. Cognitive behavioural studies were conducted using radial maze test, Step-through Passive Avoidance Test. The animals were further subjected to euthanasia and the brain were collected and evaluated for antioxidant parameters and brain cytokine levels. The brain tissues were subjected to histopathological examination. The treatment with the extracts significantly improved the cognitive capability of the rats in the Radial arm maze task and step through passive avoidance test. It also reduced oxidative stress, which was evident by the lower levels of lipid peroxide and nitric oxide as well as elevated levels of antioxidant enzymes like catalase, superoxide dismutase and reduced glutathione. The treatment alleviated neuroinflammation in rats by decreasing the concentration of neuroinflammatory markers in a dose-dependent manner. From the results it can be concluded that the plants Vigna radiata and Vigna pilosa has beneficial effects in the improvement of cognitive impairment AD, by reducing oxidative stress and neuroinflammation.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">519</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Prasanth NV&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;*, P Pandian&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, T Balasubramanian&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;1Department of Pharmacy, FEAT, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;2Department of Pharmacology,Al Shifa College of Pharmacy, Perinthalmanna, Kerala, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paul Alan Arkin Alvarado-García</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marilú Roxana Soto-Vásquez</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Taniht Lisseth Cubas Romero</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Santiago M. Benites</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anthony Derlis Auris-López</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gerardo Manuel Del Pino-Aliaga</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Exploring the Calming Potential of Peppermint: Anxiolytic Effects of Mentha piperita Essential Oil on State and Trait Anxiety</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anxiety</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Essential oil</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mentha piperita</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">State anxiety</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trait anxiety</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1290-1296</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aimed to evaluate the anxiolytic effect of &lt;em&gt;Mentha piperita&lt;/em&gt; essential oil on state and trait anxiety. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The essential oil was extracted by hydrodistillation, and its chemical composition was analyzed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of 93 participants were divided into a control group (CG) and an experimental group (EG), with 47 participants in the EG receiving MPEO aromatherapy and 46 in the CG. Anxiety levels were measured using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) at pretest and posttest phases. Results: GC-MS analysis showed that menthol had the highest concentration (42.56%), followed by menthone (19.24%) and linalool (11.68%). Mixed model analysis revealed that group assignment (EG vs. CG) was a significant predictor of posttest state anxiety (F=16.508, p=0.001) and trait anxiety (F=9.091, p=0.003), independent of pretest scores, supporting the intervention’s effect on reducing anxiety. Posttest results showed a significant reduction in state anxiety in the EG compared to the CG (p=0.001) with a large effect size (r=0.508), while trait anxiety showed a moderate reduction (p=0.001, r=0.342).&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;These findings suggest that &lt;em&gt;Mentha piperita&lt;/em&gt; essential oil may effectively reduce state and trait anxiety, with a more pronounced impact on state anxiety.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1290</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Paul Alan Arkin Alvarado- García&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Marilú Roxana Soto- Vásquez&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Taniht Lisseth Cubas Romero&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Santiago M. Benites&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Anthony Derlis Auris-López&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Gerardo Manuel Del Pino- Aliaga&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Escuela de Psicología. Universidad Autónoma del Perú. Lima, PERÚ.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, Trujillo, PERÚ.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Universidad Autónoma del Perú. Lima, PERÚ.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deviarbi Sakke Tira</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sonyalin Buifena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sigit Purnawan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maria Magdalena Dwi Wahyuni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marni Marni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Mallongi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Factors Affecting the Occurrence of Diarrhea in Infants Aged 7-14 Months in Puskesmas Alak Kupang City</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BBLR</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diarrhea</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Exclusive Breastfeeding and Immunization Status</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Premature</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">388-392</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Diarrhea is a disease characterized by changes in the consistency of stools to liquid accompanied by an increase in the frequency of defecation more than usual &amp;gt; 3 times / day accompanied by changes, with or without blood and or mucus. Factors that cause diarrheal disease are infections, infections can be caused by bacteria, parasites and viruses. Busy parents often pay less attention to health and the impact of an unhealthy environment. The three children have digestive problems, which are still considered a habit and can be cured without having to go to a health facility. The purpose of this study was to identify and analyze the factors that influence the incidence of diarrheal disease in infants aged 7-12 months at the Alak Health Center, Kupang City. The type of research used is an analytical survey with a case control design. The population in this study was divided into case populations, namely all infants aged 7-12 months totaling 137 infants and controls were infants aged 7-12 months who did not experience diarrhea totaling 8,868 infants. Determination of the size of the control sample using a ratio of 1:1 with the case sample so that the number of control samples is the same as the case sample, namely 37 infants and the total sample is 74 infants. The sampling technique is simple random sampling. Analysis of the data used is the chisquare test. The results showed that there was a significant relationship with a history of premature birth (p-value = 0.015 with an odds ratio = 3.434), low birth weight (p-value = 0.015 with an odds ratio = 4.563), exclusive breastfeeding (p-value = 0.015 with an odds value ratio = 3.434), immunization status (p-value = 0.004 with odds ratio = 4.265) and history of allergies (p-value = 0.004 with odds ratio = 4.083) with the incidence of diarrheal disease at the Alak Health Center, Kupang City. Suggestions that health center health workers need to be able to increase prevention efforts from an early age by approaching the community and providing concrete education related to the incidence of diarrhea.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">388</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Deviarbi Sakke Tira&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Sonyalin Buifena&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Sigit Purnawan&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Maria Magdalena Dwi Wahyuni&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Marni Marni&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Anwar Mallongi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Public Health Science, Faculty of Public Health, Nusa Cendana University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rochfika</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Mallongi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aminuddin Syam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agus Bintara Birawida</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Syafri Kamsul Arif</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A. Indahwaty Sidin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muh. Nasrum Massi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Health Risk Assessment and Monte Carlo Simulation of Microorganism Aerosol Pollution at the Intensive Care Unit of Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital. Makassar</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bioaerosol</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Health risk assessment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Microorganisms</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Monte carlo</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pollution</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1170-1176</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Microorganism pollutants can be bacteria, fungi and spores in the room. Microorganisms that are distributed in space are known as bioaerosols. The spread of bioaerosol in hospitals can result in danger to human health, especially for patients with weakened immune systems. Risk assessment is very important for an organization or institution to overcome current and future risks related to contamination. The QMRA approach has been applied to inform standards for the microbiological quality of food, water, air, and touched surfaces. The method uses descriptive analytics with a literature review design. Data was obtained through searches on the electronic databases Pubmed , Elsevier , and Google Scholar. Keyword terms such as: (Bioaerosol * and Airborne * and Infections * and Hospital *) , ( Bioaerosol * and Microorganisms * and Inhalation ) , ( Airborne * and Microbial and * Hospital * or Intensive Room *) , ( Bioaerosol * Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment (QMRA)* and Hospital-Acquired Infection* and Intensive Care unit ) . health risks AND sensitivity AND aerosol pollution AND microorganisms OR fungi OR bacteria AND montercarlo AND intensive care OR hospital rooms: (Bioaerosol * and Airborne * and Infections * and Hospital *) , ( Bioaerosol * and Microorganisms * and Inhalation ) , ( Airborne * and Microbial and * Hospital * or Intensive Room *) , (Bioaerosol * Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment (QMRA) * and Hospital-Acquired Infection * and Intensive Care unit ) . health risks AND sensitivity AND aerosol pollution AND microorganisms OR fungi OR bacteria AND monter carlo AND intensive care OR hospital rooms are used. The search covered research conducted over the past ten years, from 2012 to 2022. Of the 27 articles found using the search terms, seventeen articles were selected for examination. The four categories of analysis are population, type of study, aims, and findings. According to research, one of the parameters for evaluating indoor environmental quality is bioaerosol. Microbial bioaerosol media in the air are ambient air and indoor air. The routes of exposure can be through ingestion/swallowing, direct contact and inhalation/inhalation. The cause of hospital infections is because hospital environmental conditions do not meet the requirements, causing high levels of room air germs. Poor hospital indoor air quality can cause HAIs. Therefore increasing levels of mechanical or natural ventilation as well as regular cleaning and maintenance activities can play an important role in improving indoor air quality.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1170</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rochfika&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Anwar Mallongi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Aminuddin Syam&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Agus Bintara Birawida&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Syafri Kamsul Arif&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, A. Indahwaty Sidin&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Muh. Nasrum Massi&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Doctoral Program and Department of Public Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Nutritional Science, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Hospital Management, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Microbiology Medical Faculty, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferdy Salamat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Daud</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agus Bintara Birawida</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amran Achmad</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muh. Syafar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ridwan Amiruddin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Langgeng Wahyu Santoso</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Mallongi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Microbial Quantitative Risk Assessment in Springs as Community Drinking Water Sources in the Banggai Islands Karst Area, Central Sulawesi</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karst</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pathogenic bacteria</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">QMRA</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Springs</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">241-247</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;The Banggai Karst Area of the Islands of Central Sulawesi Province is dominated by the appearance of the Karst Ecosystem, which covers 97% of the total area, so it is very vulnerable to pathogenic bacterial contamination. This type of research is an observational study with a Cross-Sectional design with an Environmental Health Risk Assessment (EHRA) approach method to assess or forecast the amount of human health risk caused by exposure to environmental hazards. Quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) determines or predicts the human health risk caused by exposure to environmental hazards from pathogenic bacterial contamination. In this study, we collected 230 human samples and four samples of springs as a source of community drinking water, namely Paisu Lalomo Spring in South Buko District, Paisu Taabak in Liang District, Paisu Olulan in North Bulagi District and Paisu Sinangkal North Tinangkung District. The examination results on four springs as a source of community drinking water contained one sample with the highest probability of infection (Pinf) of 3.92 x10-4, namely Coliform bacteria in Paisu Lalomo springs. Furthermore, the annual chance of infection (Pinf / year), the highest pathogenic bacteria, was also found in Paisu Lalomo spring samples, namely in coliform bacteria with the same value (Pinf / year) = 1.32×10-1. However, examination of other bacteria also showed that all positive springs contained coliform bacteria and Enterococcus exceeding the specified limit (1x10-4). Risk management is needed to control risk factors that can cause health problems due to consuming and utilizing springs as a source of drinking water.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">241</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ferdy Salamat&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Anwar Daud&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Agus Bintara Birawida&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Amran Achmad&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Muh. Syafar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Ridwan Amiruddin&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Stang&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Langgeng Wahyu Santoso&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Anwar Mallongi&lt;sup&gt;2,&lt;/sup&gt;*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;The Doctoral Study Program of Public Health Faculty Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Forestry, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Geography, Gadjah Mada University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ace Baehaki</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nabila Azzahra</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Organoleptic Characteristics of the Albumin of Snakehead Fish (Channa striata) with the Addition of Bay and Basil Leaves</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Organoleptic; albumin; characteristics; Channa Fish; Basil leaves; Bay leaves</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1131-1133</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Snakehead fish is a very rich source of albumin, an important type of protein that the human body needs every day. The source of snakehead fish albumin is very good for sufferers of hypoalbumin (low albumin) and healing post-operative wounds or burns. In rural areas, post-circumcision boys are always advised to consume this type of fish to heal faster, women after giving birth, and post-operative patients are advised to consume it to speed up wound healing. The organoleptic characteristics of snakehead fish albumin consist of color, aroma, taste and texture of snakehead fish albumin. The average organoleptic value of snakehead fish albumin color without treatment was 5.08 (neutral), with the treatment of adding basil leaves during albumin extraction it was 5.24 (neutral), the organoleptic value of albumin with the addition of bay leaves during albumin extraction was 5 .2 (neutral) and the organoleptic value of albumin with the addition of basil leaves and bay leaves during albumin extraction is 6.8 (close to like). The average organoleptic value of snakehead fish albumin aroma without treatment was 4.68 (close to neutral), with the treatment of adding basil leaves during albumin extraction it was 6.44 (somewhat good), the organoleptic value of albumin aroma with the addition of bay leaves during albumin extraction of 5.2 (neutral) and the organoleptic value of albumin with the addition of basil leaves and bay leaves during albumin extraction was 4.15 (somewhat unfavorable). The more leaves you add, both basil leaves and bay leaves, the more the albumin aroma you get will increase. The average organoleptic value of the taste of snakehead fish albumin without treatment was 4 (somewhat disliked), with the treatment of adding basil leaves during albumin extraction it was 5.6 (close to somewhat liking), the organoleptic value of albumin with the addition of bay leaves during albumin extraction was equal to 5.44 (close to liking) and with the addition of basil leaves and bay leaves the texture organoleptic value was 6.64 (close to liking). The average organoleptic value of snakehead fish albumin texture without treatment was 5 (neutral), with the treatment of adding basil leaves during albumin extraction was 6.84 (close to liking), the organoleptic value of albumin with the addition of bay leaves during albumin extraction was 6.84 (close to like), with the addition of basil leaves and bay leaves, the texture organoleptic value is 6.2 (somewhat like).&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1131</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ace Baehaki*, Nabila Azzahra&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Study Program of Fisheries Product Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sriwijaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kokoette Bassey</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pattern Recognition and Chemometrics for Qualitative Pharmacological Indication of Moringa Oleifera Lam. Leaves Commercial Products</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Commercial products</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moringa oleifera leaves</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pattern recognition</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quality indication</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">527-537</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Moringa oleifera Lam leaves are known for their nutritional, pharmacological, and related biological 3 characteristics across the Globe. Its commercial products are marketed across Pretoria, South Africa. The label claims portray 4 such products contain Moringa oleifera leaves powder, extracts, or compounds inherent in the plant, and that pharmacological 5 activities of such products are intrinsically linked to them.&lt;strong&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;We investigated (n = 29) commercial products using affordable, spectrophotometric UVvis, high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC), high performance liquid chromatography finger printing and chemometrics principal component analysis. The aim of the investigation was to recognize the phytochemical patterns similarity between the plant extracts and commercial products, to ascertain which product contains quercetin-3-O-glycoside or kaempferol-3-O-glycoside marker compounds known to be present in M. oleifera leaves that should mitigate the pharmacological properties of the products. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The pattern of quercetin-3-O-glycoside and kaempferol-3-O-glycoside standards conform to a peak in the ethanol extract to suggest that both compounds are present in the ethanol but not in the dichloromethane extract. The HPTLC analysis also indicated the presence of the quercetin and kaempferol glycosides in the ethanol extract at Rf of 0.18 and 0.28 respectively. As for the commercial products, only n = 3 of the 29 (≈10%) revealed patterns that were like that of the ethanol extracts. A principal component analysis with R2 = 0.97 for the DCM extract and 0.89 for the ethanol extract highlighted that commercial products P1, P7 and P24 as indicating good quality. The good quality commercial products clustered together with the quercetin-3-O-glycoside, kaempferol-3-O-glycoside, ethanol, or dichloromethane extracts while the poor-quality products were placed in a separate cluster in the PCA analysis conducted. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;This implies that only these three products will exhibit expected pharmacological and other biological activities displayed on the product labels.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">527</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Kokoette Bassey*&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho health Sciences University. Molotlegi Street, Ga- Rankuwa 0204, Pretoria, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Herman Herman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arsyik Ibrahim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Junaidin Junaidin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">M. Arifuddin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baso Didik Hikmawan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Siska Siska</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tahyatul Bariroh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reza Yuridian Purwoko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lizma Febrina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Faisal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Iswahyudi Iswahyudi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marissa Angelina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Erwin Samsul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laode Rijai</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Islamudin Ahmad</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognostic Profile and Antidiabetic Activity of Eleutherine bulbosa Mills. Bulbs from East Kalimantan, Indonesia</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antidiabetic activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bawang Dayak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">contaminant levels evaluation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) Urb</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pharmacognostic profile</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">118-125</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) Urb., known as Bawang Dayak, is commonly found growing in Kalimantan, Indonesia. The characteristics of the environment in which the plant grows greatly influence the characteristics of the plant and its biological activity. Objective: This study aimed to determine the pharmacognostic profile and evaluate the antidiabetic activity of E. bulbosa bulb extract obtained from Kota Bangun, Kutai Kertanegara, Indonesia. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The dried powdered of E. bulbosa bulbs was extracted using two different methods (maceration and microwave-assisted extraction). The evaluation of the sample fluorescence and non-specific parameters was done. The antidiabetic activity of the extracts was conducted using streptozocin-induced mice and histopathology analysis. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The fluorescence evaluation indicated various secondary metabolites contained in E. bulbosa simplicia. Non-specific parameters include drying loss (8.83±0.2611%), water content in simplicia (8.04±0.7481%), specific gravity (1.04±0.0058%), total ash content (20.3±0.1583%), acid insoluble ash content (1.70±0.0608%), ethanol content in extract (0.99±0.0017%), lead content (0.010 mg/g), cadmium (0.091 mg/g), Arsenic (0.0003 mg/g), aflatoxin (not detected), and mold/yeast (0.8 × 105 colonies/g) meet the established regulations. Meanwhile, the antidiabetic assay showed that both extracts decreased the blood glucose levels in mice during the 14 days of treatments in a dose-dependent manner. This activity is correlated with the increased repair of pancreatic beta cells as observed by histopathological analysis. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The dried bulbs of E. bulbosa obtained from Kota Bangun, Kutai Kertanegara, East Kalimantan, Indonesia meet the standards set as raw materials for antidiabetic herbal medicines.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">118</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Herman Herman&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Arsyik Ibrahim&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Junaidin Junaidin&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, M. Arifuddin&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Baso Didik Hikmawan&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Siska Siska&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Tahyatul Bariroh&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Reza Yuridian Purwoko&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Lizma Febrina&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Faisal&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Iswahyudi Iswahyudi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Marissa Angelina&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Erwin Samsul&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Laode Rijai&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Islamudin Ahmad&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Pharmaceutical Research and Development Laboratory of FARMAKA TROPIS, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, East Kalimantan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, East Kalimantan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. Dr. Hamka, East Jakarta, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. Dr. Hamka, East Jakarta, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Research Center for Pre-Clinical and Clinical Medicine, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong, West Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Research Centre for Pharmaceutical Ingredients and Traditional Medicine, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Kompleks Puspitek Serpong, South Tangerang and 15416, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sabrina Chris Janiba Sanvee</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bignoate Kombate</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yendubé Toughelighan Kantati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pascaline Kindji Kpoyizoun</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Essotolom Badjabaissi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mindede Assih1 Aboudoulatif Diallo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Batomayena Bakoma</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemistry, Antihyperglycemic, Antioxidant and Anti- Inflammatory Properties of Uvaria Chamae and Sida Linifolia Extracts: Potential Implication in Diabetic Disease</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Decoction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">hyperglycemia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neuroprotection</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemistry</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">582-590</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Uvaria chamae and Sida linifolia are plants traditionally used in Togo in diabetes treatment, an affection that often leads to several complications. This study aimed to evaluate the antihyperglycemic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant activity and toxicity of these two plants extracts.&lt;strong&gt; Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; A phytochemical analysis was carried out on extracts obtained either by decoction or maceration in ethanol of Uvaria chamae leaves and Sida linifolia whole plant. Evaluation of the antihyperglycemic activity consisted in glucose absorption test using yeast and rats’ muscle and jejunum. DPPH test, total antioxidant capacity assay, hemolysis and egg albumin denaturation inhibition assays and evaluation of extracts acute toxicity were performed. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Hydroalcoholic extract of Uvaria chamae showed the strongest antihyperglycemic activity (p&amp;lt;0.05); the highest phenolic contents (147.93 ± 1.01 mg/g), the best total antioxidant capacity (153.33 ± 4.07), the lowest IC50 (μg/mL) for DPPH test (296.96 ± 91.69), a capacity of hemolysis (825.99 ± 29.24) and egg albumin denaturation (738.10 ± 92.26) inhibition assays. In the same way, hydroalcoholic extract of Sida linifolia, showed the strongest antihyperglycemic activity (p&amp;lt;0.05), the highest phenolic contents (71.60 ± 2.16 mg/g), the best total antioxidant capacity (146.98 ± 2.81), lowest IC50 (μg/ mL) for DPPH test (788.28 ± 112.54), the hemolysis (882.03 ± 20.86) and egg albumin denaturation (1966.18 ± 35.94) inhibition assays. None of the extracts showed acute toxicity in rats. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;the hydroalcoholic leaves extract of Uvaria chamae and of the whole plant of Sida linifolia could be candidates in the treatment of diabetes and its complications.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">582-590</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sabrina Chris Janiba Sanvee&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;*, Bignoate Kombate², Yendubé Toughelighan Kantati², Pascaline Kindji Kpoyizoun², Essotolom Badjabaissi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Mindede Assih&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; Aboudoulatif Diallo&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; Batomayena Bakoma&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Lomé, Lomé- Togo, 01BP 1515, LOME.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;²Laboratory of Physiology/Pharmacology, Physiopathology Bioactive Substances and Innocuity Research Unit (PBSI), Faculty of Sciences, University of Lomé, Lomé - Togo, 01BP 1515. LOME.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Saad Mohammed Alsaab</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salman Khalid Alotaibi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prasanna Mohana Bhaskaran</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inbaraj Susai Domnic</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prevalence of Multidrug Resistant Organisms (MDROs) and Antimicrobial Sensitivity Pattern from clinical samples of the patients in Riyadh Province of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antimicrobial resistance (AMR)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">drug resistance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">drug sensitivity patterns</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ESBLs and Carbapenemases.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Multidrug-Resistant organisms (MDROs)</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">751-756</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Multidrug-Resistant organisms (MDRO) pose a global health threat due to overuse of antibiotics and genetic transfer of resistance. The Middle East, including Saudi Arabia, faces unique challenges in combating MDROs, necessitating tailored interventions. Objectives: This research aims to inform evidence-based treatment and infection control measures. By understanding local epidemiology, we can optimize antimicrobial prescribing and minimize resistance emergence. Comprehensive surveillance in diverse healthcare settings is crucial given the escalating antimicrobial resistance. &lt;strong&gt;Materials &amp;amp;Methods&lt;/strong&gt;: This study utilized a retrospective design. Data was collected from diverse healthcare facilities, including hospitals, clinics, and laboratories, from March 2022 to February 2023. Sample size was determined using OpenEpi Software, with 1500 participants needed. Data collection involved reviewing microbiological records and laboratory reports, with deidentification of personal information. Ethical approval was obtained from Shaqra University, Saudi Arabia. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The study reported that 37.3% of the 1500 patients were classified as MDRO, with a higher prevalence among males (64.3%) compared to females (35.7%). MDRO prevalence varied across age groups, with the highest prevalence observed in the 70–79 age group (14.3%). Multiple invasive procedures (P = 0.002), length of stay (LOS) (P = 0.01) were independent risk factors for MDRO infection. Antimicrobial resistance patterns showed significant proportions of MDRO among Klebsiella spp., Acinetobacter spp., and Pseudomonas spp., &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The study emphasizes the urgent need for policy interventions to tackle the alarming prevalence of MDROs and combat antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Healthcare providers must prioritize antimicrobial stewardship and implement rigorous infection prevention measures to curb MDRO transmission. Future research should evaluate the impact of stewardship, monitor resistance trends, and explore novel treatment strategies. Collaboration among stakeholders is vital for addressing AMR comprehensively through knowledge sharing and capacity building initiatives.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">751</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Saad Mohammed Alsaab&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Salman Khalid Alotaibi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Prasanna Mohana Bhaskaran&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Inbaraj Susai Domnic&lt;sup&gt;3* &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Dawadmi, Shaqra University, SAUDI ARABIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Medicine, College of medicine, Dawadmi, Shaqra University, SAUDI ARABIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine,&amp;nbsp;Dawadmi, Shaqra University, SAUDI ARABIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sherly Wulandari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Mallongi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Budimawan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agus Bintara Birawida</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nur Nasry Noor</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">M. Alimin Maidin</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Probabilistic Simulation and Sensitivity of Health Risks from Nickel and Cobalt Deposition Around the Mine</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cobalt</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Health risk</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heavy metal contamination</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Monte Carlo Simulation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nikel</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1159-1163</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Mining activities can produce large amounts of heavy metals that are discharged uncontrollably, causing widespread ecosystem pollution. Heavy metal pollution is a serious problem, as heavy metals are toxic and non-degradable, polluting air, water and soil. Although some heavy metals are considered essential for normal physiological functions, concentrations that exceed the prescribed limits can have negative impacts on human health and biota. Exposure to heavy metals can cause toxicity to various tissues, organs and systems such as circulatory, respiratory, endocrine, immune, nervous, urinary and reproductive systems. Due to the differences in toxicity of heavy metals, risk assessment is very important in environmental management.&lt;strong&gt; Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To describe the probabilistic simulation and sensitivity of health risks due to Nickel and Cobalt deposition around the mine using monte carlo simulation. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The method used in this study was literature review. Data collection was done through searching&lt;em&gt; online databases&lt;/em&gt; such as:&lt;em&gt; Pubmed &lt;/em&gt;and &lt;em&gt;Science Direct&lt;/em&gt;. The keywords used in the article search were &lt;em&gt;&quot;Heavy Metal Toxicity&quot;, &quot;Heavy Metal Effects&quot;, &quot;Heavy metal risk analysis&quot; &lt;/em&gt;and &quot;&lt;em&gt;Monte Carlo Simulation&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. Inclusion criteria were quantitative or qualitative research, target population was heavy metals&lt;em&gt; Nickel and Cobalt&lt;/em&gt;, published in the last 10 years (2013-2023) articles in English and articles in original, &lt;em&gt;fulltext and open access&lt;/em&gt;. Exclusion criteria are articles that are not relevant to the topic of discussion. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; 14 articles were found, of which 3 articles on diseases or health problems caused by nickel, 3 articles on nickel risk analysis, 5 articles on diseases or health problems caused by cobalt, 3 articles on cobalt risk analysis. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The environment around the mine shows a high level of toxicity, caused by the presence of heavy metals. This can result in serious environmental pollution and pose a great threat to human health. Chronic exposure to heavy metals can cause various health problems, such as mutagenesis, carcinogenesis, teratogenesis, deformation and organ damage.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1159</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sherly Wulandari&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Anwar Mallongi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Budimawan&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Agus Bintara Birawida&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Nur Nasry Noor&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, M. Alimin Maidin&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Doctoral Program Student, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Environmental Health Department, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Marine Science and Fisheries, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Environmental Health Department, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Health Administration and Policy, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Piracha Jumpa-ngern</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Parunkul Tungsukruthai</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chuntida Kamalashiran</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Somboon Kietinun</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kesara Na- Bangchang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kusuma Sriyakul</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Safety Assessment of Oral Lysiphyllum strychnifolium Aqueous Extract in Healthy Volunteers</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clinical study</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Healthy volunteers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lysiphyllum strychnifolium</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Safety</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yanang Daeng</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">235-240</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Lysiphyllum strychnifolium&lt;/em&gt; (LS), widely known as Ya nang daeng in Thailand, is a traditional herbal remedy that has long been used to promote health and treat diverse health conditions, especially detoxification, by alleviating the severity of symptoms and lowering the risks associated with toxic exposures. Although it is extensively used in Thailand, human safety studies have been lacking. Thus, this study aimed to examine the safety of using LS capsules in healthy participants through a Phase I clinical trial. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; This study aimed to investigate the safety of aqueous extract of LS in twenty-four healthy Thai participants. &lt;strong&gt;Method: &lt;/strong&gt;The participants were received 1,000 mg of LS aqueous extract each morning before their meals for seven days. All participants were examined safety assessment including history taking, physical examination, and laboratory tests at day 0, 8 and 14 (follow-up). &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The findings showed that there were no significant side effects or abnormalities found during the history taking, physical examination, or laboratory evaluation. Particularly, when compared to baseline, participants who received LS experienced statistically significant reductions in blood sugar, triglyceride, LDL cholesterol, and creatinine (P &amp;lt; 0.05), but still within normal ranges. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; Dietary supplementation with 1,000 mg of LS aqueous extract per day may have a beneficial effect on blood sugar and cholesterol management while remaining safe for healthy people.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">235</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Piracha Jumpa-ngern&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Parunkul Tungsukruthai&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Chuntida Kamalashiran&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Somboon Kietinun&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Kesara Na-Bangchang&lt;sup&gt;2,3&lt;/sup&gt;, Kusuma Sriyakul&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Integrative Medicine, Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani 12120, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Graduate Program in Bioclinical Sciences, Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat. University, Pathum Thani 12120, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Drug Discovery and Development Center, Office of Advanced Science and Technology, Thammasat University, Pathumthani 12120, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bilguun Enkhbat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Buyankhishig Dorjsuren</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tserennadmid Erdenebaatar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Myagmarsuren Badamtsetseg</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zolbayar Baasanjav</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Enkhtuul Bayarsaikhan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shinezaya Dashbaljir</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Khatanbold Otgonbayar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Buyanjargal Erdenebat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jambaninj Dambiinyam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Otgonsuren Daramzav</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Technological Study on The Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Plant Extracts Via Biosynthesis Methods</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimicrobial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bio reducing</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eco-friendly</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mongolian plants</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1124-1130</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Silver nanoparticles are better than other metal nanoparticles in terms of antimicrobial activity and stability. Recently, the biosynthesis method has been widely used, known for being ecofriendly and having lower toxicity compared to other methods of obtaining metal nanoparticles. This method is characterized by the use of active pharmaceutical ingredients contained in medicinal plants as stabilizers or bio reducers to produce silver nanoparticles. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; In this study, we synthesized silver nanoparticles using extracts from the upper parts of&lt;em&gt; Cacalia hastata&lt;/em&gt; L.,&lt;em&gt; Thymus gobicus &lt;/em&gt;Czern., and &lt;em&gt;Glycyrrhiza uralensis &lt;/em&gt;Fisch., which were collected from various provinces from Mongolia. These medicinal plants are used as bio reducing agents. We determined the most sensitive light absorption of each sample with purified silver nanoparticles using a UV-M51 ultraviolet spectrophotometer. Sizes and distributions were analyzed through Nanophox Particle Size Analysis, while morphological structure was examined using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The formations of nanoparticles were determined with instruments such as X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The appropriate formation times for nanoparticles were 24 minutes with &lt;em&gt;Cacalia hastata&lt;/em&gt; L. extract and 16 minutes with &lt;em&gt;Thymus gobicus &lt;/em&gt;Czern. extract. XRD analysis revealed characteristic peaks at 38.15°, 44.3°, and 64.55°, indicating the formation of a crystalline structure and confirming the presence of silver nanoparticles. Conclusion: Furthermore, these nanoparticles exhibited antibacterial activity against both &lt;em&gt;S. aureus&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;E. coli.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bilguun Enkhbat&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Buyankhishig Dorjsuren&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Tserennadmid Erdenebaatar&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Myagmarsuren Badamtsetseg&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Zolbayar Baasanjav&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Enkhtuul Bayarsaikhan&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Shinezaya Dashbaljir&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Khatanbold Otgonbayar&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Buyanjargal Erdenebat&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Jambaninj Dambiinyam&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Otgonsuren Daramzav&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;School of Pharmacy, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, MONGOLIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacy, Intermed Hospital, Ulaanbaatar, MONGOLIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;School of Medicine, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, MONGOLIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ahmad Yanuar Safri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salim Harris</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Putera Dewa Haryono</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ariane Benina Budiwan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eugenia Isadora</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aisyah Fitriannisa Prawiningrum</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fadilah Fadilah</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Unveiling Potential Therapies: Molecular Docking Analysis of CAMKK2 and Its Mutant Variants with CAMKK2 Inhibitors in Indonesian Patients with HIV-Sensory Neuropathy</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CAMKK2 inhibitors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HIV-SN</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular docking</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mutation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SNP</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">46-51</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;HIV sensory neuropathy (HIV-SN) is one among many complications that impair patients’ quality of life. Studies in Asian and African populations found that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of calcium/ calmodulin-dependent protein kinase 2 (CAMKK2) influence the risk of HIV-SN. This study attempts to explain the influence of CAMKK2 mutations on HIV SN by studying bioinformatics interactions between CAMKK2, its mutants, and their inhibitors by molecular docking with AutoDock in order to observe their interactions with CAMKK2 inhibitors. Results showed that CAMKK2’s binding energy with its native ligand (ATP) is stronger than the mutant variant of CAMKK2MT85 and CAMKK2MT363. Conversely, interaction between CAMKK2 and its inhibitors (KN-93, STO-609, and trifluoperazine) have the lowest mean binding energy compared to CAMKK2MT85 and CAMKK2MT363. This indicates that the mutant variants have weaker interactions with the native ligand and the inhibitors, therefore disrupting the normal function of CAMKK2, its interactions with the inhibitors, while increasing the likelihood of HIV-SN.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">46</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ahmad Yanuar Safri&lt;sup&gt;1,2,3,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Salim Harris&lt;sup&gt;2,3&lt;/sup&gt;, Putera Dewa Haryono&lt;sup&gt;2,3&lt;/sup&gt;, Ariane Benina Budiwan&lt;sup&gt;2,3&lt;/sup&gt;, Eugenia Isadora&lt;sup&gt;2,3&lt;/sup&gt;, Aisyah Fitriannisa Prawiningrum&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Fadilah Fadilah&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Doctoral Program in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Universitas INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Neurology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Neurology Department, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Bioinformatics Core Facilities IMERI, Medical Chemistry Department, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hatthapan Wipanso</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bhanubong Bongcheewin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suppachai Tiyaworanant</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suksalin Booranasubkajorn</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Natchagorn Lumlerdkij</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pravit Akarasereenont</style></author></authors><tertiary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pemika Siriboonsong</style></author></tertiary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">An Analysis of Local Knowledge of Phit-Samdaeng in Yang Sisurat District, Maha Sarakham Province and The Medicinal Plants Used to Relieve Its Symptoms</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alternative medicine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Folk knowledge</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Herbal medicine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phit-Samdaeng.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">259-265</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; “&lt;em&gt;Phit-Samdaeng&lt;/em&gt;” is a Thai term often used to refer to an illness of eating unsuitable foods. However, its use in a diagnosis is limited due to the unclear definition and description. This study aimed to compare knowledge of &lt;em&gt;Phit-Samdaeng&lt;/em&gt; symptoms and treatments in Northeastern folk medicine, Thai Traditional Medicine, and medicinal plants in the Yang Sisurat District of Thailand. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Semistructured interviews and participatory observations were used to collect data from 12 folk healers. Questions were designed to obtain local knowledge of &lt;em&gt;Phit-Samdaeng&lt;/em&gt; and medicinal plants. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, comparison and interpretation. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Some symptoms of &lt;em&gt;Phit-Samdaeng&lt;/em&gt; in the nine scriptures of Thai Traditional Medicine, &lt;em&gt;Tumraya Silajaruek Watprachethupon&lt;/em&gt;, and of &lt;em&gt;Kin-Phit&lt;/em&gt; and&lt;em&gt; Phit-Kaboon&lt;/em&gt;, in &lt;em&gt;Tamraya Boran Isan&lt;/em&gt;, were similar in &lt;em&gt;Yang Sisurat.&lt;/em&gt; However, the names were different. There were also differences in species and the recipes of herbal remedies among folk healers and in the textbooks. The most used plants to treat &lt;em&gt;Phit-Samdaeng &lt;/em&gt;by folk healers were&lt;em&gt; Clerodendrum paniculatum &lt;/em&gt;L. and C&lt;em&gt;lausena wallichii Oliv.&lt;/em&gt; var. &lt;em&gt;guillauminii &lt;/em&gt;(Tanaka) Molino. Only nine species had pharmacological effects relating to &lt;em&gt;Phit-Samdaeng&lt;/em&gt; treatment. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;The knowledge of &lt;em&gt;Phit-Samdaeng &lt;/em&gt;symptoms in &lt;em&gt;Yang Sisurat&lt;/em&gt; District were consistent with the Northeast folk medicine and Thai Traditional Medicine. The most commonly used species were native plants of Thailand. However, information on the medicinal taste and property from scriptures and pharmacological evidence is lacking. Therefore, the pharmacological activity and toxicity of herbal remedies should be further investigated for efficacy and safety.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">259</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hatthapan Wipanso&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Bhanubong Bongcheewin&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Suppachai Tiyaworanant&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Suksalin Booranasubkajorn&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Natchagorn Lumlerdkij&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Pemika Siriboonsong&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Pravit Akarasereenont&lt;sup&gt;1,4,*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Center of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Noufou Ouédraogo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">W. Leila Marie Esther Belem-Kabré</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A.M. Emmanuel Thiombiano</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tata Kadiatou Traoré</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lazare Belemnaba</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moussa Ouédraogo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Innocent Pierre Guissou</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-inflammatory Potential of Glycoside Flavonoids from Pterocarpus erinaceus Poir. (Fabaceae) Leaves</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Compounds</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Enzymes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medicinal plant.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">593-598</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background&lt;/strong&gt;: Chronic diseases have become one of the leading causes of death worldwide in recent years. Despite tremendous advances in the treatments of diseases, several concerns remain. Those with inflammatory components are alternatively treated or completed in Burkina Faso with medicinal plants. The present study was designed to identify and evaluate the anti-inflammatory potential of glycoside flavonoids from &lt;em&gt;Pterocarpus Erinaceus &lt;/em&gt;leaves. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The ﬂavonoids contained in &lt;em&gt;Pterocarpus Erinaceus&lt;/em&gt; aerial parts were extracted, identified, and characterized. Sequential soxhlet extraction was subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening, and characterization of isolated ﬂavonoid was done by U.V., I.R., 1H &amp;amp; 13C N.M.R. and MS. Subsequently, isolates were tested&lt;em&gt; in vitro&lt;/em&gt; for their antiinflammatory potential as well as their antioxidant capacities. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Five compounds were determined as corresponding to 3’,4’,5,7-tetrahydroxy flavone (luteolin); quercetin-3-O- sophoroside; quercetin- 3-0-β-glucose (isoquercitrin); Kaempferol-3-O-sophoroside and 3,3’,4’,5,7-pentahydroxyflavone-3- rhamnoglucoside (rutin). Concentrations of quercetin-3-O- sophoroside and quercetin-3-0-β-glucose that inhibit 50% of pro-inflammatory enzymes’ activities were expressed in μg/mL. They were respectively 18.07 ± 0.78 and 32.27 ± 2.02 for xanthine oxidase, 1.12 ± 0.018 and 11.53 ± 0.52 for lipoxygenase, 26.91 ± 0.34 and 19.54 ± 0.25 for acetylcholinesterase. Prevention of the degradation of deoxyribose test gave respectively 19.32 ± 1.08 μg/mL and 26.21 ± 2.25 μg/mL for quercetin-3-O- sophoroside and quercetin-3-O- β-glucose while the anti-DPPH free radical potential was 3.41 ± 0.82 and 2.90 ± 0.18 μg/ mL. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;These results may justify the traditional uses of P. erinaceus in treating diseases with an inflammatory component.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">593</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Noufou Ouédraogo&lt;sup&gt;1,3&lt;/sup&gt;, W. Leila Marie Esther Belem-Kabré&lt;sup&gt;1,2,&lt;/sup&gt;*, A.M. Emmanuel Thiombiano&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Tata Kadiatou Traoré&lt;sup&gt;1,3&lt;/sup&gt;, Lazare Belemnaba&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Moussa Ouédraogo&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Innocent Pierre Guissou&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Département Médecine et Pharmacopée Traditionnelles – Pharmacie (MEPHATRA-PH), Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (IRSS/CNRST), 03 BP 7047 Ouagadougou 03, BURKINA FASO.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratoire de Biochimie et Chimie Appliquée (LABIOCA), Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Technologie, Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, BURKINA FASO.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratoire de développement du médicament (LADME) / CEA-CFOREM, Ecole Doctorale Sciences de la Santé, Université Joseph KI-ZERBO 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, BURKINA FASO.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paul Alan Arkin Alvarado-García</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marilú Roxana Soto-Vásquez</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Luis Enrique Rosales-Cerquin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Santiago M. Benites</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Taniht Lisseth Cubas-Romero</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Emilio German Ramírez-Roca</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anxiolytic-Like Effect of Cymbopogon Citratus (Lemongrass) Essential Oil</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anxiety</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cymbopogon citratus.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Essential oil</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">674-679</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Essential oils are complex substances that are widely utilized in the practices of aromatherapy. Certain essential oils are recognized for their potential to alleviate anxiety symptoms. This research was conducted to evaluate the effects of &lt;em&gt;Cymbopogon citratus &lt;/em&gt;essential oil on anxiety. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The chemical composition of the extracted essential oil was analyzed using Gas chromatography with flame-ionization detection (GC-FID) and Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS). In addition, an experimental study with measures at pretest-posttest was conducted, where 128 participants were divided into two groups, a waiting-list (WL) control group, and an experimental group (EG)treated with aromatherapy based on &lt;em&gt;Cymbopogon citratus&lt;/em&gt; essential oil. The anxiety index was evaluated by Zung Self- Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS).&lt;strong&gt; Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The chemical analysis identified geranial (52,1%) and neral (35,2%) as the principal constituents. Anxiety levels decreased in the experimental group during the posttest phase (p&amp;lt;0.05). Besides a large effect size was found for anxiety (d = 0.962; Δ= 0.988) with 1-β=0.999 a percentage of change of -10.99%. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Cymbopogon citratus&lt;/em&gt; essential oil inhalation showed to be effective in decreasing scores anxiety. Therefore, it has the potential to serve as a supplementary treatment for anxiety.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">674</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Paul Alan Arkin Alvarado-García&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Marilú Roxana Soto-Vásquez&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Luis Enrique Rosales-Cerquin&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Santiago M. Benites&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Taniht Lisseth Cubas- Romero&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Emilio German Ramírez- Roca&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Escuela de Psicología. Universidad Autónoma del Perú. Lima, PERÚ.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, Trujillo, PERÚ.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Hospital de Apoyo Chepén, Chepén, PERÚ.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Universidad Autónoma del Perú. Lima, PERÚ. 5Escuela de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Universidad Nacional de San Cristóbal de Huamanga, PERÚ.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Saugi Abduh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Purwanto Bambang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dirgahayu Paramasari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soetrisno</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cardioprotective Effects of Thymoquinone on Myocardial Fibrosis</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cardiac Fibrosis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lipopolysaccharide</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nigella sativa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oxidative stress.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">924-927</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Thymoquinone (TQ) is one of the active ingredients in herbal plants such as &lt;em&gt;Nigella sativa &lt;/em&gt;which has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties thus may inhibits cardiac fibrosis formation. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of Thymoquinone as a cardioprotective agent in suppressing the extent of fibrosis in Wistar rats induced with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). &lt;strong&gt;Methods&lt;/strong&gt;: This post-test only control study used 30 Wistar rats which were divided into 5 groups: saline, LPS-induced cardiac fibrosis, LPS-induced cardiac fibrosis treated with TQ 10 mg/mL, LPS-induced cardiac fibrosis treated with TQ 20 mg/mL, and LPS-induced cardiac fibrosis treated with TQ 40 mg/mL. Serum IL-6, GSH, and cTnT levels were measured using ELISA, and Mason's trichrome staining was used to assess myocardial fibrosis. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The LPS10+TQ20 and LPS10+TQ40 groups exhibited significantly lower levels of IL-6 compared to the LPS10+TQ10 group (p &amp;lt; 0.05). GSH levels did not show a significant decrease in the TQ groups across different doses (p=0.771). The TQ-treated group demonstrated lower cTnT levels compared to the LPS-only group (p&amp;lt;0.05). Thymoquinone treatment resulted in reduced fibrosis area compared to the LPS10 group (p&amp;lt;0.05). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;TQ has a promising cardioprotective effect on the formation of cardiac fibrosis in Wistar rats induced with LPS.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">924</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Saugi Abduh&lt;sup&gt;1,2,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Purwanto Bambang&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Dirgahayu Paramasari&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Soetrisno&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Doctoral Student in Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Sultan Agung Islamic University, Semarang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Parasitology, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carlos Rodrigo Infante-Yupanqui</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Roberta García-de-la-Cruz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yanibel Hurtado-Vargas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rosa María Vega-Guevara</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Primy Agripina Alca-Chamba</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rod Rosberg Bendezú-Perez</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pavel Pool Puclla-Pareja</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Comics in Health as Alternative Therapy: An Information and  Therapeutic Resource for Post-COVID-19 Patients in Ayacucho, Peru</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1047-1051</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;The aim of this research was to determine the utility of comics, as an informative and therapeutic resource, in post-COVID-19 patients, in the area of influence of the Camisea project, which is delimited to cities such as Huanta, Tambo, and Cangallo, located in Ayacucho, Peru. The methodology included an observational design, with in and out surveys being conducted during the study. The first survey sought to discover the level of approach of post-COVID-19 patients with the use of comics, while the second examined the effectiveness and usefulness after being exposed to a brochure of four comics (Figure 1) that combined humor and information related to the recovery procedures for COVID-19. The research showed that the usefulness of comics as an informative and therapeutic resource in post-COVID-19 patients in the city of Ayacucho is very significant. This was confirmed by 96% of those surveyed, since they pointed out that the comics contributed to virus infection recovery and prevention.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1047</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Carlos Rodrigo Infante-Yupanqui*, Roberta García-de-la-Cruz, Yanibel Hurtado-Vargas, Rosa María Vega-Guevara, Primy Agripina Alca-Chamba, Rod Rosberg Bendezú-Perez, Pavel Pool Puclla-Pareja&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Faculty of Social Sciences, Universidad Nacional de San Cristóbal de Huamanga, Portal Independencia 57, Ayacucho 05003, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fares Khenniche</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abderachid Slimani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chawki Bensouici</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ibtissem Magboune</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Manel Srief</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hamed Hakkom</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Comparative and Evaluative Study On Total Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Potential Within Hydromythanol Extracts and Their Fractions from All Parts of Drimia numidica (JORD. &amp; FOURR.) J.C. MANNING &amp; GOLDBLATT of Northeastern Algeria</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Drimia numidica</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hydromythanol extracts and their fractions.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">total phenolic content</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">64-81</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Drimia numidica&lt;/em&gt; is a polyphenol-rich species that has antioxidant capacity, which makes it very important. Nevertheless, &lt;em&gt;D. numidica&lt;/em&gt; has not been studied in depth. Moreover, its capsules have not been studied so far. This detailed study compared the values of total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of all &lt;em&gt;D. numidica&lt;/em&gt; parts (scapes, flowers, bulbs, capsules, leaves, roots), from Edough Peninsula, Annaba, Algeria, using hydromethanol extracts and their fractions (cyclohexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol). &lt;strong&gt;Methods&lt;/strong&gt;: The total phenolic content was determined by Folin Ciocalteo assay, and the antioxidant activity by the following methods: DPPH, Reducing Powder, Phenanthroline, Silver Nanoparticles, CUPRAC, and ABTS. Statistical analysis was done using the ANOVA test and a correlation test (between antioxidant activity and total phenolic content). &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The Ethyl acetate fraction was found the sample with the highest phenolic content. The same was true for the antioxidant activity in all tests except for the silver nanoparticles test in which cyclohexane extracts scored the best. Considering the methods used in general, there is a correlation between phenolic content and the highest antioxidant activity, but there are some methods that have not recorded any correlation. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Choosing the appropriate method or extract/fraction type is extremely important. In addition, extracts of &lt;em&gt;D. numidica &lt;/em&gt;parts could be an important natural alternative to antioxidants industrial.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">64</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fares Khenniche&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Abderachid Slimani&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Chawki Bensouici&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Ibtissem Magboune&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Manel Srief&lt;sup&gt;2,3&lt;/sup&gt;, Hamed Hakkom&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Plant Biology and Environnement «Médicinal Plants» Axis, Faculty of Sciences, University Badji Mokhtar- Annaba. BP 12, 23000 Annaba, ALGERIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Biotechnology Research Center, Ali Mendjeli UV 3, PBOX 73, El Khroub, Constantine, ALGERIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Biotechnology laboratory, National Higher School of Biotechnology, Constantine, ALGERIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S. Nithya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S. Dhanalakshmi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S. Anand Babu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S. Nirmala</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">D. Bharathi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">L. Karpagavalli</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Comparative Study of Polyherbal Formulation for Antiarthritic Activity Having Cockle Shell, Egg Shell, Ginger and Balloon Vein in Gel Form and Oil Form: A Novel Preparation for Anti-Oxidant Activity</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Herb formulation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In vitro studies – DPPH.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">RA</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">714-718</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Inflammatory and chronic disease of the joints and tissues surrounding them, rheumatoid arthritis is known as the most common form of arthritis. Traditional medicines plays major role because of more advantageous like lesser side effects, naturally available and cost effective. A formulation for anti arthritis activity was developed, isolated, and evaluated in this study. Based on the extensive review of the literature, we have formulated three formulation like gel, polyherbal oil formulation with extract of herbs and polyherbal formulation with powders of herbs. We have selected, traditional herbs (Cockle shell, Egg shell, Ginger and Ballon Vein) based on the literature and does a comparative study between gel and the oil formulation to check which has better anti arthritis activity. The selected herbs for formulation of gel are cockle shell and egg shell which has rich calcium content and for oil formulation herbs like ballon vein and ginger were chosen.The chemical constituent present in herbs plays a major role in curing rheumatoid arthritis.Then finally we have done a evaluation like ph measurement, spreadability, specific gravity, antioxidant study etc., between the comparison of DPPH assay of the formulation, clearly reported that the efficacy in the medicated oil in the extract and well in the macerated oil showed significant antioxidant activity when compared to the gel.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">714</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;S. Nithya&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, S. Dhanalakshmi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, S. Anand Babu&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, S. Nirmala&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, D. Bharathi&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, L. Karpagavalli&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutics, GRT Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Tiruttani, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital campus, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chromepet, Chennai, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical chemistry, Jaya college of Pharmacy, Chennai, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sari Prabandari Prasetyaningrum</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arief Bakhtiar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yessy Puspitasari</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Correlation of TB LAM Ag (Tuberculosis Lipoarabinomannan Antigen) Results from Urine with Adenosine Deaminase Levels from Pleural Fluid Patients with Pulmonary TB Accompanied by Pleural Effusion</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Active TB with pleural effusion.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adenosine deaminase (ADA) test</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TB Lipoarabinomannan (LAM) Antigen</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">47-51</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;One of the newest testing methods for active TB uses TB LAM Antigen, in which lipoarabinomannan (LAM) as the examined substance serves as the main component of the cell wall of M. tuberculosis (MTB) and the degradation product of MTB by macrophages in the human body. Patients with active TB with or without HIV infection may experience a decreased antibody response, which causes LAM not to bind to antibodies so that it can pass through the normal glomerular basement membrane and can be detected in the urine. Lateral flow urine lipoarabinomannan assay (LF-LAM) can detect this material with urine samples from active TB patients. Another TB screening method uses the measurement of adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity. ADA has a very important function for the proliferation and differentiation of lymphoid cells, especially T cells, and assists in the maturation of monocytes into macrophages. &lt;strong&gt;Objective&lt;/strong&gt;: This study aims to qualitatively prove the correlation between the pleural fluid ADA levels of pulmonary TB patients with pleural effusion using the LF-LAM test results and examine the potential of TB LAM Ag, which correlates with increased pleural fluid ADA levels, as a diagnostic tool for diagnosing pulmonary TB. &lt;strong&gt;Method:&lt;/strong&gt; It is an observational analytic study with a crosssectional design. Materials for this study included temporary urine from active TB patients at Dr. Soetomo Regional Public Hospital collected in May-August 2022. The descriptive analysis was conducted using SPSS 25.0. The data were tested for normal distribution and with the homogeneity test of Shapiro-Wilk's data. The statistical analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney test, while the kappa suitability test was carried out to determine the correlation and level of concordance between the ADA cut-off value of pleural fluid and the TB LAM Ag test results. Results: This study involved 50 subjects consisting of 22 (44%) subjects with ADA test results between 40-100 IU/L compared to 28 subjects (56%) with ADA test results below 40 IU/L. There were 14 (28%) subjects with positive TB LAM Ag test results, consisting of 10 (45%) active TB subjects with a high ADA test cut-off of 40-100 IU/L and 4 (14%) active TB subjects with a low ADA test cut-off below 40 IU/L, with a p-value = 0.012. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; There is a correlation between TB Lipoarabinomannan antigen test results of TB patients with pleural effusion. TB LAM Ag can be detected positive on ADA test results of &amp;lt; 40 IU/L and more positive in active TB patients with high ADA test results of &amp;gt; 40-100 IU/L. Therefore, the TB LAM Ag test is more sensitive than the ADA test. The cut-off value of the ADA test reached 76.4 U/L, and a positive TB LAM was found.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">47</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sari Prabandari Prasetyaningrum&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Arief Bakhtiar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Yessy Puspitasari&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Clinical Pathology Specialization Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory Instalation, Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Clinical Pathology, Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Raden Muharam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nurhuda Sahar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kusmardi Kusmardi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Luluk Yunaini</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Risqa Novita</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rosalina Thuffi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Conny Riana Tjampakasari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ponco Birowo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diyah Kristanty</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Decreased Expression of Endocrine Glands Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (EG-VEGF) in Rat Endometrial After Stimulation with Recombinants FSH Can be Reduce Implantation Rates</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EG-VEGF</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Endometrial receptivity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">rFSH</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Secretory phase.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">707-713</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Decreased expression of EG-VEGF in human endometrium after administration of ovarian stimulators has been reported to adversely affect endometrial receptivity and low implantation rates. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To determine the effect of recombinant FSH administration on EG-VEGF protein in the endometrium of rats taken in the secretory phase and how it relates to endometrial receptivity. Design: A total of 36 female wistar rats with normal estrous cycles were randomly assigned to the natural cycle group (NC) and two stimulation groups (SC) which were injected with recombinant FSH at 12.5 IU and 25 IU intraperitoneally. Uterine necropsy and blood collection were performed on day 1, day 2, and day 3 after hCG administration. A total of 3 female rats from each group were mated with male rats (two males and three females in one cage). A successful marriage is indicated by the presence of a vaginal plug the next day. The level of EG-VEGF protein expression was assessed by immunohistochemical technique and steroid hormone levels were measured by the Elisa technique. &lt;strong&gt;Results&lt;/strong&gt;: ANOVA test, that the expression of EG-VEGF in the endometrial glands showed a significant decrease from the normal cycle group to the stimulated cycle group 1 (SC 1) and SC2 (P = 0.00), as well as the expression of EG-VEGF in the endometrial stroma. (P = 000). Steroid hormone levels did not show a significant decrease between the normal cycle group and the stimulated cycle group (P = 0.48 and P = 0.13). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Decreased EG-VEGF expression in rat endometrium after administration of recombinant FSH is associated with decreased endometrial receptivity which can reduce pregnancy rates.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">707</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Raden Muharam&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Nurhuda Sahar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Kusmardi Kusmardi&lt;sup&gt;3,5,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Luluk Yunaini&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Risqa Novita&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;, Rosalina Thuffi&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;, Conny Riana Tjampakasari&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;, Ponco Birowo&lt;sup&gt;10&lt;/sup&gt;, Diyah Kristanty&lt;sup&gt;11&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pathology Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Drug Development Research Center, Indonesia Medical Education and Research Institute, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Human Cancer Research Center, Indonesia Medical Education and Research Institute, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Center of Biomedical and Basic Health Technology, Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;Master Programe of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;10&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Urology Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;11&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tarkeshwar Dubey</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kancharla Bhanukiran</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kuna Das</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Siva Hemalatha</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Development and Evaluation of Bio fabricated Silver Nanoparticles from Blumea lacera for In-vitro Antibacterial, Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activity</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Green synthesis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HPTLC.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inflammation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kukrounda</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytopharmaceuticals</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">266-278</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Increasing prevalence of microbial resistance and side effects of currently available drugs compels the researchers to look for alternate therapies and formulations to overcome this problem. Plant based formulations have been proved to be most reliable agents in recent times. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;In the current study, bio fabricated herbal silver nanoparticles (HSNPs) were prepared by reducing silver nitrate (AgNO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;) solution with ethyl acetate fractions (EAF) of &lt;em&gt;Blumea lacera &lt;/em&gt;extracts. These bios conjugated HSNPs were then assessed for potential anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities along with&lt;em&gt; in vitro&lt;/em&gt; antioxidant effect. &lt;strong&gt;Methods and Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The synthesis was confirmed by absorbance peak at 441 nm due to surface plasmon resonance in UV-visible spectrophotometer. FTIR spectra of HSNPs indicated the phytochemicals having C-O bond responsible for reducing of Ag&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; to Ag&lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;. Average size of HSNPs was found to be 59.21 nm which was in good agreement with TEM and SEM results. EDS analysis showed the existence of Silver, Nitrogen and Carbon in HSNPs. The antibacterial activity of HSNPs in terms of zone of inhibition (ZOI) &lt;em&gt;via&lt;/em&gt; disc diffusion assay and against &lt;em&gt;Staphylococcus aureus&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Escherichia coli &lt;/em&gt;was found to be 25.0±1.19 mm and 18.3±2.08 mm, respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of HSNPs was found to be 50 μg/ml and 60 μg/ml against S. aureus and E. coli, respectively. The antioxidant capacity of the HSNPs was insignificant as compared to EAF but the results of anti-inflammatory activity was significant (p&amp;lt;0.05).&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The overall result demonstrated better &lt;em&gt;in-vitro&lt;/em&gt; pharmacological potential of HSNPs compared to neat extract/EAF. Key words: Green synthesis, Phytopharmaceuticals, Inflammation, Kukrounda, HPTLC.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">266</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tarkeshwar Dubey&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Kancharla Bhanukiran&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Kuna Das&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Siva Hemalatha&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering &amp;amp; Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha-769008, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Djatiwidodo Edi Pratiknya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Risma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ariyo Sakso Bintoro</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Effect of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBOT) on the  Histopathological Lung Cells of Male White Wistar Rats Which are  Intoxicated with Methanol</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Histopathological Lung Cells</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Methanol</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1202-1206</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Methanol is a liquid that has the characteristics of being light, very easy to evaporate, colorless, flammable, toxic, and has a very distinctive odor like ethanol but lighter. The World Health Organization (WHO) globally states that 320,000 people die every year due to methanol poisoning in the age range of around 15 years to 29 years. Usually, symptoms of poisoning caused by methanol appear within 30 minutes to 2 hours. Based on the phenomenon that occurred, the author wanted to find out more about the effect of HBOT administration on the histopathological appearance of lung cells in mice intoxicated with methanol. This study used 30 male white wistar rat lung samples aged 2 to 3 months weighing around 150 grams to 250 grams, divided into three groups, namely the control group, treatment group I, and treatment group II. The control group was not given methanol treatment and hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT). Treatment group I was given methanol for 14 days without hyperbaric oxygen therapy. Meanwhile, the treatment group was given methanol for 14 days and then given hyperbaric therapy for 10 days. The results show p&amp;lt;0.0006, which means the data is significant and there are differences between groups. The results of this study can be concluded that administering hyperbaric oxygen therapy to rats intoxicated with methanol had a statistically significant improvement effect on the alveolar membrane, alveolar lumen, and connections between the alveoli.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1202</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Djatiwidodo Edi Pratiknya&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Risma&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; , Ariyo Sakso Bintoro&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Marine Health, Faculty of Medicine, Hang Tuah University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Hang Tuah University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Urology Surgery, Naval Central Hospital Dr. Ramelan Surabaya, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ihyan Amri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdul Hafid Bajamal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">David S. Perdanakusuma</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effect of Hypnoanesthesia on Endogenous Opioids (Beta Endorphin and Enkephalin)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Beta-Endorphin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Enkephalin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Glutamic Acid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hypnoanesthesia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Substance P.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">141-145</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background&lt;/strong&gt;: Hypnoanesthesia is a state of anesthesia achieved through hypnosis techniques. Meanwhile, hypnosis is a condition in which the mind receives information without analyzing it. Hypnoanesthesia has been empirically utilized in surgery since the 18th century, but the mechanism remains unclear. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aims to prove nociceptive pain relief due to hypnoanesthesia in minor surgery, with indications of changes in the serum levels of several excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters in the physiological mechanism of pain. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The study subjects included patients with benign soft tissue tumors consisting of 40 people who were divided into 2 groups (treatment and control). The treatment group underwent minor surgery using hypnoanesthesia, while the control group underwent minor surgery using 2% lidocaine local anesthesia. Pain in both groups was measured by FPS (Face Pain Scale) and monitored by a vital sign monitor. Changes in the serum levels of glutamic acid, substance P, beta-endorphin and enkephalin neurotransmitters in both groups before and after the intervention were analyzed using ELISA. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; There were no significant changes in serum levels of neurotransmitters, pre and post intervention in both groups, both excitatory neurotransmitters Glutamic Acid and Substance P and inhibitory neurotransmitters Beta Endorphins and Enkephalin (p &amp;gt; 0.05). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Based on the results of the data analysis, it can be concluded that the empirical nociceptive pain relief occurred in patients who underwent minor surgery with hypnoanesthesia and there was no significant change in betaendorphin, enkephalin, glutamate acid, and substance P serum levels before and after hypnoanesthesia&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">141</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ihyan Amri&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Abdul Hafid Bajamal&lt;sup&gt;2,*&lt;/sup&gt;, David S. Perdanakusuma&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Doctoral Program of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Departement of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Departement of Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ihyan Amri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdul Hafid Bajamal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">David S. Perdanakusuma</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Effect of Hypnoanesthesia on Serotonin</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Glutamate Acid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hypnoanesthesia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Serotonin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Substance P.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">146-149</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Every minor and major surgical procedure requires anesthesia to relieve pain during surgery. The neuro-biomolecular mechanism of pain relief in hypnoanesthesia remains uncomprehended.&lt;strong&gt; Objective&lt;/strong&gt;: This study aims to observe the effect of hypnoanesthesia on several neurotransmitters, including serotonin, glutamic acid, and substance P, which play a role in the mechanism of pain. Methods: The study subjects included patients with benign soft tissue tumors consisting of 40 people who were divided into two groups, namely treatment and control groups. Minor surgery with hypnoanesthesia was performed in the treatment group, whereas in the control group, minor surgery was performed with 2% lidocaine local anesthetic. Pain in both groups was measured by FPS (Face Pain Scale) and monitored by a vital sign monitor. The processes of the study were recorded with a camcorder. Changes in serum levels of excitatory (glutamic acid and substance P) and inhibitory (serotonin) neurotransmitters before and after the intervention were analyzed using ELISA (Enzym-Link Immunosorbent Assay) in both groups. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The control and treatment groups had the same end result, which was pain relief. The results of regression and ANOVA analysis indicated that serotonin simultaneously had a significant effect on substance P at 98.4% and glutamic acid at 98.2%. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;There was no statistically significant change in serotonin levels before and after hypnoanesthesia. Serotonin, as an inhibitory neurotransmitter, simultaneously has a significant effect on both excitatory neurotransmitters, namely Glutamate Acid and Substance P, in the mechanism of nociceptive pain relief with hypnosis.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">146</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ihyan Amri&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Abdul Hafid Bajamal&lt;sup&gt;2,*&lt;/sup&gt;, David S. Perdanakusuma&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Doctoral Program of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Departement of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Departement of Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paul Alan Arkin Alvarado-García</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marilú Roxana Soto-Vásquez</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Luis Enrique Rosales-Cerquin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Santiago M. Benites</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Taniht Lisseth Cubas-Romero</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Demetrio Rafael Jara-Aguilar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">José Gilberto Gavidia-Valencia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Iris Melina Alfaro-Beltrán</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effect of Rosmarinus Officinalis Essential Oil On Anxiety, Depression, And Sleep Quality</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anxiety</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Depression</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Essential oils</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rosmarinus officinalis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sleep quality</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">343-349</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;The objective of this investigation was to evaluate the effect of &lt;em&gt;Rosmarinus officinalis &lt;/em&gt;essential oil on anxiety, depression, and sleep quality. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The essential oils were extracted by hydro-distillation using a modified Clevenger-type apparatus and the chemical composition was performed by Gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID) and Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Furthermore, a quasi-experimental study was conducted, where 81 participants were divided into two groups, comprising a waiting list control group and an experimental group treated with essential oils. Anxiety and depression indexes were evaluated using the Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), and sleep quality was measured with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Inventory (PSQI). &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Chemical analysis showed that 1,8 cineole (37.6%), α-pinene (19.9%), and linalool (15.8%) were the main components. Anxiety, depression, and sleep quality scores showed a decrease in the post-test study phase compared to the pre-test in the experimental group (p&amp;lt;0.05). A large size effect was found in the case of anxiety (d = 1.491; g= 1.490) with 1-β=0.996, while medium size effects were observed for depression (d = 0.581; g= 0.582) with 1-β=0.585; and sleep quality (d = 0.586; g = 0.588) with 1-β=0.638. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Essential oils extracted from &lt;em&gt;Rosmarinus officinalis&lt;/em&gt; are more effective in calming anxiety and show moderate changes in depression and sleep quality.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">343</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Paul Alan Arkin Alvarado-García&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Marilú Roxana Soto-Vásquez&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Luis Enrique Rosales-Cerquin&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Santiago M. Benites&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Taniht Lisseth Cubas- Romero&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Demetrio Rafael Jara- Aguilar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, José Gilberto Gavidia-Valencia&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Iris Melina Alfaro-Beltrán&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Escuela de Psicología. Universidad Autónoma del Perú. Lima, PERÚ.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, Trujillo, PERÚ.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Hospital de Apoyo Chepén, Chepén, PERÚ.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Universidad Autónoma del Perú. Lima, PERÚ.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Instituto Pablo Casals, Trujillo, PERÚ.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sharada L. Deore</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anjali A. Kide</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bhushan A. Baviskar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Somshekhar S. Khadabadi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bhavana A Shende</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evaluation of Neuroprotective Efficacy of Indian Shankhpushpi Varieties in Alzheimer’s disease – North Vs South</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alzheimer’s disease</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dementia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scopolamine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scopoletin.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">taraxerol</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">372-377</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background&lt;/strong&gt;: Shankhpushpi is a well-known Ayurvedic memory enhancing medicine associated with controversy. Among the various varieties, Convolvulus pleuricaulis and Clitorea ternatia are widely used in commercial memory enhancing formulations under the name of Shankhpushpi. Convolvulus pleuricaulis is recognized as true shankhpushpi in North side of India, however in southern part of India, Clitorea ternatia is accepted as Shankhpushpi. &lt;strong&gt;Objectives:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study aims to compare neuroprotective efficacy of &lt;em&gt;C. pleuricaulis &lt;/em&gt;and &lt;em&gt;C. ternatea&lt;/em&gt; by &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;in vivo &lt;/em&gt;methods and establish scientifically validated data to choose appropriate shankhpushpi variety for commercial use. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Both herbs were extracted in the Soxhlet apparatus with 70% ethanol for 5 - 6 hours at 60 - 65̊ C. The presence of neuroprotective principles - taraxerol and scopoletin in extracts was confirmed by the Thin Layer Chromatography. The preliminary screening for neuroprotective efficacy of extracts was done by in vitro free radical scavenging, Acetyl cholinesterase enzyme inhibition and LOX enzyme level estimation. Invivo study of extracts included behavioral assessment of adult rats by Y maze, Morris water maze using scopolamine induced Alzheimer’s disease like model. &lt;strong&gt;Result: &lt;/strong&gt;Extracts of both &lt;em&gt;C. pleuricaulis&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;C. ternatea &lt;/em&gt;significantly scavenged free radicals, inhibited acetyl cholinesterase and LOX enzyme in vitro. But in in-vivo study, significant retention of spatial and working memory was observed in rats administered with &lt;em&gt;C. pleuricaulis&lt;/em&gt; as compared to&lt;em&gt; C. ternatea.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;C. pleuricaulis &lt;/em&gt;more significantly shields against memory loss and dementia by reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, and memory impairment. Hence should be used in commericial neuroprotective formulation as chief source of Shankhpushpi instead of &lt;em&gt;C. ternatea.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">372</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sharada L. Deore, Anjali A. Kide*, Bhushan A. Baviskar, Somshekhar S. Khadabadi, Bhavana A Shende&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Government College of Pharmacy, Kathora Naka, Amravati -444601, Maharshtra, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Daya Banyu Bening</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reni Prastyani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nurwasis</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evelyn Komaratih</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ismi Zuhria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hari Basuki Notobroto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dyah Fauziah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chrismawan Ardianto</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Expressions of Matrix Metalloproteinase-3 and Tissue Inhibitor Metalloproteinase-1 in Corneal Tissue Post Alkali Burn Treated with Topical Medroxyprogesterone Acetate and Doxycycline</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Corneal alkali burn</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Doxycycline.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medroxyprogesterone acetate</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">553-557</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Purpose: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aims to investigate the effects of topical Medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) and Doxycycline in inhibiting the expression of MMP-3 and TIMP-1 in ocular alkali burn models in animals. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 18 New Zealand Rabbits were divided into 3 groups based on their post-alkali-burn treatment: PBS (G1/ control group), topical Doxycycline 1mg/ml (G2), and topical MPA 1% (G3). Alkali burn models were made by exposing 1N NaOH solution to the central cornea for 30 seconds. MMP-3 and TIMP-1 expression were evaluated using immunohistochemistry after 14 days of treatment. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;strong&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;Statistically significant differences in the mean MMP-3 expression were found between the three groups (p=0.010). There was a significant difference in MMP-3 expression between the control group with MPA (p=0.017) and Doxycycline (p=0.028) but was not found between the MPA and Doxycycline groups (p=1,000). The mean differences in TIMP-1 expression between the three treatment groups were statistically significant (p=0.005), with a significant difference between the control group with Doxycycline (p=0.022) and MPA (p=0.007). There was no significant difference in TIMP-1 expression between the Doxycycline and MPA groups (P=1,000). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;This study indicated that topical administration of Doxycycline or MPA in ocular alkali burn reduces the expression of MMP-3 and TIMP-1.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">553</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Daya Banyu Bening&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Reni Prastyani&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Nurwasis&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Evelyn Komaratih&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ismi Zuhria&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Hari Basuki Notobroto&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Dyah Fauziah&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Chrismawan Ardianto&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Ophthalmology, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital / Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biostatistics and Population, Faculty of Public Health, Airlangga University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Airlangga University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deviarbi Sakke Tira</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sonyalin Buifena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sigit Purnawan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maria Magdalena Dwi Wahyuni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marni Marni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Mallongi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Factors Affecting the Occurrence of Diarrhea in Infants Aged 7-12  Months in Puskesmas Alak Kupang City</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BBLR</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diarrhea</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Exclusive breastfeeding</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Immunization Status</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Premature</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1024-1028</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Diarrhea is a disease characterized by changes in the consistency of stools to liquid accompanied by an increase in the frequency of defecation more than usual &amp;gt; 3 times / day accompanied by changes, with or without blood and or mucus. Factors that cause diarrheal disease are infections, infections can be caused by bacteria, parasites and viruses. Busy parents often pay less attention to health and the impact of an unhealthy environment. The three children have digestive problems, which are still considered a habit and can be cured without having to go to a health facility. The purpose of this study was to identify and analyze the factors that influence the incidence of diarrheal disease in infants aged 7-12 months at the Alak Health Center, Kupang City. The type of research used is an analytical survey with a case control design. The population in this study was divided into case populations, namely all infants aged 7-12 months totaling 137 infants and controls were infants aged 7-12 months who did not experience diarrhea totaling 8,868 infants. Determination of the size of the control sample using a ratio of 1:1 with the case sample so that the number of control samples is the same as the case sample, namely 37 infants and the total sample is 74 infants. The sampling technique is simple random sampling. Analysis of the data used is the chisquare test. The results showed that there was a significant relationship with a history of premature birth (p-value = 0.015 with an odds ratio = 3.434), low birth weight (p-value = 0.015 with an odds ratio = 4.563), exclusive breastfeeding (p-value = 0.015 with an odds value ratio = 3.434), immunization status (p-value = 0.004 with odds ratio = 4.265) and history of allergies (p-value = 0.004 with odds ratio = 4.083) with the incidence of diarrheal disease at the Alak Health Center, Kupang City. Suggestions that health center health workers need to be able to increase prevention efforts from an early age by approaching the community and providing concrete education related to the incidence of diarrhea.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1024</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Deviarbi Sakke Tira&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Sonyalin Buifena&lt;sup&gt;1 &lt;/sup&gt;, Sigit Purnawan&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; , Maria Magdalena Dwi Wahyuni&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; , Marni Marni&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; , Anwar Mallongi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Public Health Science, Faculty of Public Health, Nusa Cendana University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prasanna Mohana Bhaskaran</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohammed Nawar Alotaibi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inbaraj Susai Domnic</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bhaskaran Ashokan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sudharshan Reddy Dachani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Semmal Syed Meerasa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Osama Mohammed Alruways</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hand Hygiene Awareness and Knowledge Among Healthcare Personnel in The Dawadmi Region of Saudi Arabia: A Cross- Sectional Survey Study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">awareness</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cross infection</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hand hygiene</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Healthcare workers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Knowledge.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">368-371</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction&lt;/strong&gt;: The outcome of patient care in healthcare settings is influenced predominantly by healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). Hand hygiene is the single most essential component in avoiding HAIs. &lt;strong&gt;Objectives:&lt;/strong&gt; The aim of the study is to evaluate the awareness and knowledge about hand hygiene among the healthcare personnel in the Dawadmi Region of Saudi Arabia. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This cross-sectional survey study was carried out between May till September 2021. The tool (Questionnaire) was adopted from World Health Organization's Hand Hygiene Knowledge and awareness Questionnaire (revised in 2009), validated according to CROSS (Checklist for Reporting of Survey Studies) check list. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; A total of 300 participants were randomly enrolled, 60 were nursing assistants, 140 nurses, and 100 residents, were enrolled in this study. With respect to years of experience in hand washing, 123 participants had 1–5 years (41%), 6–10 years (80%), 11–20 years (77%), and greater than 30 years of participation (6.67%). Concerning the education of hand washing and hygiene, training programs were attended by 230 participants (76.67%), and 70 participants (23.33%) did not attend the latest training program conducted by each institution. Most of them (83.33%) were using alcohol for hand hygiene. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions&lt;/strong&gt;: This study has clearly shown the requirement of an in-depth appraisal of important issues of compliance and patient safety. Educational interventions to recognize the hand hygiene opportunities, improved availability of hand hygiene facilities and multifaceted approach to tackle various barriers (poor attitude, workload, etc) of adherence are needed to be accorded priority.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">368</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Prasanna Mohana Bhaskaran&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Mohammed Nawar Alotaibi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Inbaraj Susai Domnic&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Bhaskaran Ashokan&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Sudharshan Reddy Dachani&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Semmal Syed Meerasa&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Osama Mohammed Alruways&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty, College of Medicine - Al-Dawadmi Campus, Shaqra University&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Final year Medical Student, College of Medicine - Al-Dawadmi Campus, Shaqra University&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty, College of Medicine - Shaqra Campus, Shaqra University&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty, College of Pharmacy - Al-Dawadmi Campus, Shaqra University&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Second year Medical Student, College of Medicine - Al-Dawadmi Campus, Shaqra University&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yusuf Baktir</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Arifin Parenrengi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wihasto Suryaningtyas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dyah Fauziah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">I Ketut Sudiana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Budi Utomo</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hydrocephalus Mice Model: Choroid Plexus Aquaporin-1 Dynamics Following Cerebrospinal Fluid Drainage</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">AQP1</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aquaporin 1</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Choroid plexus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hydrocephalus.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">891-896</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Aquaporins (AQPs) are a family of membrane proteins that act as channels for water, facilitating its movement across the plasma membrane of cells. Aquaporin1 (AQP1), located in the choroid plexus, is thought to be involved in the process of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) production. Objective: The objective of this study is to examine the impact of hydrocephalus and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage on the expression of AQP1 in a mice model of hydrocephalus.&lt;strong&gt; Material and Methods&lt;/strong&gt;: Laboratory experimental study with six groups. Five test groups, one control group, and a rat model of hydrocephalus caused by kaolin were used in the experiment. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Hydrocephalus in mice model induced by kaolin, and CSF drainage was performed on the 7&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; and 14&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; days group. Immunohistochemical analysis was conducted to examine the presence of AQP1 in the&lt;em&gt; choroid plexus&lt;/em&gt; using microscopes. The findings revealed a noticeable decrease in AQP1 expression levels in the &lt;em&gt;choroid plexus,&lt;/em&gt; which exhibited a semi-quantitative decline in correlation with the duration of hydrocephalus (p = 0.01). This decrease was observed when comparing the normal group with the hydrocephalus groups on the 7&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt;, 14&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt;, and 21st days following induction. However, after cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage, there was a significant increase in AQP1 expression (p &amp;lt; 0.05). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;This study shows the significant role of AQP1 in CSF production by comparing of AQP1 expression in the&lt;em&gt; choroid plexus &lt;/em&gt;of hydrocephalus mice model, with and without CSF drainage. AQP1 expression experiences downregulation in hydrocephalus mice model and upregulation after CSF drainage.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">891</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yusuf Baktir&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Arifin Parenrengi&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Wihasto Suryaningtyas&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Dyah Fauziah&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, I Ketut Sudiana&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Budi Utomo&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pathology Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Public Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Parellangi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Syafar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sukri Palutturi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agus Bintara Birawida</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Mallongi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oedojo Soedirham</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pawennari Hijjang</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Identification of Family Adaptive Behavior in The Dayak Tribe in An Effort to Prevent Stroke</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Family Adaptive Behavior.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FGD</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stroke</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Dayak Tribe</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">334-338</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;The Dayak tribe inhabits a large part of West Kutai Regency, East Kalimantan Province. Hypertension is a major health problem in the West Kutai region. The family plays a role as a facilitator in reducing hypertension and preventing the risk of Stroke in family members. The purpose of this study was to identify the adaptive behavior of Dayak families in an effort to prevent Stroke. This research method is qualitative research with in-depth interviews and FGD (focus group discussion). FGDs were conducted on 7 participants with tingkat 1 and tingkat 2 hypertension patients and 3 people from traditional leaders/ culturalists. This study obtained four main themes, namely 1) Understanding health problems, 2) Utilization of medicinal plants, 3) Disease control, 4) Driving factors in reducing Stroke risk. Suggestions for health workers to be able to improve educational methods and digital health promotion not only using print media.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">334</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Parellangi&lt;sup&gt;1,2,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Syafar&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Sukri Palutturi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Agus Bintara Birawida&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Anwar Mallongi&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Oedojo Soedirham&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Pawennari Hijjang&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;School of Nursing, Politeknik Kesehatan Kementerian Kesehatan Kalimantan Timur, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Public Health, Airlangga University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ramadanil Pitopang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nadhirah Nur Azizah Lubis</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mifthahul Jannah Tahapary Zubair</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Puti Andalusia Sarigando Banilai</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nurhaeni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ihwan</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Immunomodulatory and Acute Toxicity Tests of Rhizome Ethanol  Extract of Etlingera Flexuosa Poulsen (Zingiberaceae) on Male  Mice (Mus Musculus)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Etlingera flexuosa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Immunomodulators</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Immunostimulants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lethal Dose 50</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Macrophages</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phagocytosis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toxicity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1077-1083</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Immunomodulators are molecules of synthetic or biological origin that help to regulate the immune system. Many studies have focuses on exploring for phytochemical compounds that used as immunomodulatory properties in Indonesia, as well as in Sulawesi. The immunomodulatory activity of rhizome extract of&lt;em&gt; E. flexuosa&lt;/em&gt;, an endemic flowering plant of Sulawesi on male mice were studied. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; 25 male mice (&lt;em&gt;Mus musculus&lt;/em&gt;) used were randomly divided into 5 groups and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) was used as inducer. The negative control group was given 0.5% Na-CMC (Carboxymethyl Cellulosa Sodium), positive control group was given stimuno® and treatment groups were an ethanol extract of &lt;em&gt;E. flexuosa&lt;/em&gt; with successive doses of 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg body weight (BW) respectively. Each group was given the preparation orally for 7 days and on the 8th day the test animals were induced by &lt;em&gt;Staphylococcus aureus &lt;/em&gt;bacteria intraperitoneally. The mice were dissected and the peritoneal fluid was taken to determine the activity of the macrophage cells. Meanwhile, Thomson and Weil method was used to study the acute toxicity test and determine the lethal dose 50 (LD50). &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The percentage of macrophage activity in each group of negative control, positive control, extract doses of 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg BW respectively were 40.40%, 82.65%, 53.05%, 69.38% and 82.06%. Based on the results obtained, it was shown that the &lt;em&gt;E. flexuosa&lt;/em&gt; rhizome extract has an optimum dose of 800 mg/kg BW, which was not significantly different from the positive control. Meanwhile, the symptoms of toxicity began to appear from a dose of 600 mg/kg BW to a dose of 2400 mg/kg BW including decreased motor activity, tremor, ataxia, lids and writhing. LD50 expressed in LD50 within the criteria of being practically non-toxic. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; The&lt;em&gt; E. flexuosa&lt;/em&gt; rhizome ethanolic extract showed the immunomodulatory activity at optimum dose of 800 mg/kg BW by the increasing of macrophage phagocytosis activity. Moreover, the extract was also practically non-toxic based on LD50 value.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1077</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ramadanil Pitopang&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; , Nadhirah Nur Azizah Lubis&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; , Mifthahul Jannah Tahapary&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; , Muhammad Sulaiman Zubair&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; , Puti Andalusia Sarigando Banilai&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt; , Nurhaeni3 , Ihwan&lt;sup&gt;2,&lt;/sup&gt;* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics &amp;amp; Natural Sciences, Tadulako University, Palu 94117, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics &amp;amp; Natural Sciences, Tadulako University, Palu 94117, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics &amp;amp; Natural Sciences, Tadulako University, Palu 94117, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Postgraduate School, Magister Program of Epidemiology. Diponegoro University, Semarang 50241, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rahadian Zainul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rismi Verawati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gemini Alam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Khoirun Nisyak</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trisna Kumala Sari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Arya Ghifari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ritbey Ruga</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Putri Azhari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Romadhon</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Himmatul Barroroh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Riso Sari Mandeli</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Devi Purnamasari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Viol Dhea Kharisma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vikash Jakhmola</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maksim Rebezov</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ANM Ansori</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Interaction of Cynaroside from Orthosiphon Aristatus Plant Extract on TNF Alpha as a Stimulant in Malaria and Asthma</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Asthma.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cynaroside</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Malaria</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular docking</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Orthosiphon aristatus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TNF Alpha</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">581-586</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;This research aims to investigate the interaction between cynaroside, a natural compound found in &lt;em&gt;Orthosiphon aristatus&lt;/em&gt; plant extract, with TNF Alpha as a stimulant in the context of malaria and asthma. The research method involved an&lt;em&gt; in-silico &lt;/em&gt;approach using software such as Pymol, PyRx, Protein Plus, and the Lepinski Rule. The results of the study showed that cynaroside has a significant interaction with TNF Alpha, as indicated by high Binding Affinity values of -9.6, -9.3, and -9.2. Analysis using Protein Plus confirmed the interaction between cynaroside and TNF Alpha. Additionally, evaluation using the Lepinski Rule of Five revealed that cynaroside has physicochemical characteristics suitable as a potential drug compound, with a mass of 448, hydrogen bond donors of 7, hydrogen bond acceptors of 11, log p -0.401, and molar reactivity of 105.2. These findings provide a deeper understanding of the potential of cynaroside in regulating the immune response to malaria and asthma through its interaction with TNF Alpha. These results can serve as an important basis for further research in the development of more targeted and effective therapies for both of these diseases&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">581</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rahadian Zainul&lt;sup&gt;1,11,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Rismi Verawati&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Gemini Alam&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Khoirun Nisyak&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Trisna Kumala Sari&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Arya Ghifari&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Ritbey Ruga&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Putri Azhari&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Romadhon&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;, Himmatul Barroroh&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;, Riso Sari Mandeli&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;, Devi Purnamasari&lt;sup&gt;10&lt;/sup&gt;, Viol Dhea Kharisma&lt;sup&gt;12,13&lt;/sup&gt;, Vikash Jakhmola&lt;sup&gt;14&lt;/sup&gt;, Maksim Rebezov&lt;sup&gt;15,16&lt;/sup&gt;, ANM Ansori&lt;sup&gt;12,13,14&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Padang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Pharmacognosy-Phytochemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Science, Universitas Anwar Medika, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Informatics Engineering, Faculty of Computer Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Agricultural Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Andalas, Padang, West Sumatra, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Fisheries Product Technology Study Program, Universitas Diponegoro Semarang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Islam Maulana Malik Ibrahim, Malang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;Environmental and Policy Researcher, Environmental Science Program, Universitas Negeri Padang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;10&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Radiology, Universitas Awalbros, Pekanbaru, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;11&lt;/sup&gt;Center for Advanced Material Processing, Artificial Intelligence, and Biophysic Informatics (CAMPBIOTICS), Universitas Negeri Padang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;12&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;13&lt;/sup&gt;Generasi Biologi Indonesia Foundation, Gresik, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;14&lt;/sup&gt;Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;15&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Scientific Research, V. M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems, Moscow, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;16&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Ural State Agrarian University, Yekaterinburg, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dwi Wahyu Balebu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ridwan Aminuddin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Veni Hadju</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arsunan Arsin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nurhaedar Jafar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Herawati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Mallongi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Miracle of Moringa Oleifera Leaves for the Prevention of  Anemia: A Literature Review</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anemia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moringa oleifera leaf extract</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1258-1261</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Moringa oleifera&lt;/em&gt; leaves contain very rich compounds that include nutrients, minerals, vitamins, amino acids, and many other compounds with numerous benefits for humans. This literature review discusses the benefits of Moringa oleifera leaves in preventing anemia.&lt;strong&gt; Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; This review is a narrative review using the research of international journal sources from databased, national journals in the last ten years. The keywords anemia, hemoglobin, and &lt;em&gt;Moringa oleifera/M. oleifera&lt;/em&gt; leaves were used. Based on the 35 journals reviewed, 12 studies were included in this review.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The literature results show a positive relationship between Moringa leaf extract and an increase in the value of hemoglobin levels, with a p-value &amp;lt;0.05. However, this review found other benefits of &lt;em&gt;Moringa oleifera&lt;/em&gt; leaf extract, such as improving the morphology of damaged red blood cells and antioxidants. It has become an alternative in the treatment of anemia. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; The nutrient content in Moringa leaf extract plays a significant part in increasing hemoglobin levels in the blood. Other factors that can increase the risk of anemia are micronutrient deficiency, infectious diseases (HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria), worm infections, and genetic disorders. (25) We recommend conducting an experimental study to compare two groups given Moringa leaf extract and multi-micronutrient tablets to get more effective results in lowering the prevalence of anemia.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Review Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1258</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dwi Wahyu Balebu&lt;sup&gt;1 *&lt;/sup&gt;, Ridwan Aminuddin&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; , Veni Hadju&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; , Arsunan Arsin&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; , Nurhaedar Jafar&lt;sup&gt;2 &lt;/sup&gt;, Herawati&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; , Anwar Mallongi&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Public Health, Faculty of Public Health Sciences, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty Of Public Health, University of Tompotika Luwuk Banggai, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arnab Bera</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nilanjana Banerjee</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physicochemical and antistaphylococcal evaluation of two herbal  ointments from Mikania micrantha Kunth and Tridax procumbens Linn</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Herbal ointment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mikania micrantha</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Skin disease</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tridax procumbens</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1042-1046</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objectves:&lt;/strong&gt; This present work was carried out to formulate and evaluate herbal ointments using Mikania micrantha and Tridax procumbens. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The extracts were prepared using maceration technique. A simple ointment base was prepared using white soft paraffin and liquid paraffin. The extracts were incorporated into the ointment base following levigation method. The amount of extract to be incorporated into the ointment base was determined according to their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against &lt;em&gt;Staphylococcus aureus &lt;/em&gt;MTCC 87. The formulated ointments were evaluated for several physicochemical characteristics like colour, odour, homogeneity, washability, spredability, irritation potential etc. Antistaphylococcal assay was conducted using well diffusion method. Ointment base containing white soft paraffin and liquid paraffin was used as negative control and Supragent containing Gentamicin sulphate was used as a positive control. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The formulated ointments showed satisfactory results for tested physicochemical parameters. Both ointments showed moderate antistaphylococcal activity with reference to the activity showed by Supragent. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The results of this study indicate that the formulated ointments can be incorporated into India’s medicine system for treating &lt;em&gt;Staphylococcus aureus&lt;/em&gt; induced skin ailments in future.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1042</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Arnab Bera&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; and Nilanjana Banerjee&lt;sup&gt;2,*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Botany, Ramnagar College, Depal – 721453, INDIA&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Botany and Forestry, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore – 721102, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karyn Olascuaga-Castillo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olga Castillo-Medina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marleni Villacorta-Zavaleta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dan Altamirano- Sarmiento</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elena Caceres-Andonaire</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maria Llontop</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fatima Malca</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sebastian Noe</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cyntia Blanco-Olano</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical Screening and Antiinflammatory Activity of the Extract from the Leaves of Desmodium molliculum (Kunth) DC (Fabaceae) in Rats with Acute Inflammation</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acute inflammation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carrageenan</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Desmodium</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dog's Paw</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Edema Subplantar</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fabaceae.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">786-790</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Inflammation and pain are the initial response mechanisms to environmental aggression on the human body. The traditional use of plants such as &lt;em&gt;Desmodium Molliculum &lt;/em&gt;(Kunth) DC, among the Peruvian population for the treatment of inflammatory diseases, has occurred since ancient times. The objective of this research was to determine the presence of secondary metabolites and evaluate the antiinflammatory activity of &lt;em&gt;Desmodium molliculum&lt;/em&gt; (EDM) leaves in rats with acute inflammation induced using carrageenan. The phytochemical profile was performed for the main secondary metabolites with biological activity. Subsequently, 25 rats were divided into 5 groups and treated as follows: Group I and II: Physiological Saline Solution (PSS) by oral administration. Group III: Sodium Diclofenac (25 mg/kg body weight) by intraperitoneal administration. Group IV and V: EDM at 250 mg/kg bw and 500 mg/kg bw by oral administration, respectively; 30 minutes after administration, acute inflammation was induced in Groups II, III, IV, and V using the subplantar edema technique with 1% w/v carrageenan. The volume displaced by the hind paw was evaluated in all 5 groups using a digital plethysmometer every 60 minutes for 5 hours. The results were obtained from the displaced volume (Mean ± SD), with the most representative values obtained at 240 minutes, where EDM at 250 mg/kg (0.57 ± 0.07 ml) bw and 500 mg/kg bw (0.578 ± 0.051 ml) showed significant anti-inflammatory activity (ANOVA p&amp;lt;0.05). We concluded that &lt;em&gt;Desmodium Molliculum&lt;/em&gt; has anti-inflammatory activity at doses of 250 mg/kg bw and 500 mg/kg bw.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">786</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Karyn Olascuaga-Castillo&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Olga Castillo-Medina&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Marleni Villacorta-Zavaleta&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Deyber Lopez&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Dan Altamirano- Sarmiento&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Elena Caceres- Andonaire&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Maria Llontop&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Fatima Malca&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sebastian Noe&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Cyntia Blanco-Olano&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Pharmacology Laboratory, School of Human Medicine, Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego, Trujillo, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;School of Human Medicine, Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego, Trujillo, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rachmat Saleh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Daud</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hasanuddin Ishak</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hasnawati Amqam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Atjo Wahyu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agus B. Birawida</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Mallongi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spatial Distribution of Microplastic Contamination in Blood Clams (Anadara granosa) on the Jeneponto Coast, South Sulawesi</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blood Clams (Anadara granosa)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coastal Coast.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Microplastic Contamination</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spatial Analysis</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">680-690</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Plastic waste in oceans will threaten of marine biota. There is a very high degree of plastic pollution in Indonesia, however the distribution of microplastic contamination in seafood, particularly that ingested by the general populace as a daily meal from seas, is quite low. The purpose of this investigation is to map the distribution of microplastic contamination in blood clams (&lt;em&gt;Anadara granos&lt;/em&gt;a) throughout the South Sulawesi coast. Observational study employing a spatial analysis exploratory design. Blood clams (&lt;em&gt;Anadara granosa&lt;/em&gt;) and information on wind, currents, and tides are used to map the distribution of microplastic pollution. The Kriging model was used for their geographical analysis. Purposive sampling was used to collect a total of 25 samples of blood clams (Anadara granosa) from offshore locations, residential waterways, mangrove ecosystems, rivers, and river estuaries. The results showed that the highest distribution of microplastic contamination was found in mangrove ecosystem areas and residential waters, while the lowest was found in river areas. Blood clams (&lt;em&gt;Anadara granosa&lt;/em&gt;) have high levels of microplastic contamination because of sources of plastic pollution that come from waste disposal activities. It became stuck in the fisheries and mangrove ecosystems along the coast. Oceanography has an impact on how currents and winds migrate from the northeast (where mangrove habitats are) to the north (where residential waters are), carrying microplastic particles. Provision of waste management facilities by the local government and using the depuration method to eliminate microplastics in blood clams (&lt;em&gt;Anadara granosa&lt;/em&gt;) consumed by the community needs to be done to reduce the impact on ecology and health.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">680</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rachmat Saleh&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Anwar Daud&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Hasanuddin Ishak&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Hasnawati Amqam&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Atjo Wahyu&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Stang&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Agus B. Birawida&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Anwar Mallongi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar City, South Sulawesi, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Occupational Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar City, South Sulawesi, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Bio-statistics, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar City, South Sulawesi, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oscar Herrera-Calderon</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wilfredo Bulege-Gutiérrez</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Luz Alexandra Javier-Silva</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Melva Iparraguirre- Meza</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Victor Guillermo Sanchez-Araujo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elizabeth Julia Melgar-Merino</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johnny Aldo Tinco-Jayo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">José Santiago Almeida-Galindo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Josefa Bertha Pari-Olarte</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tanacetum Parthenium (L.) Sch Bip From Peru: Antioxidant Profile and The Antinociceptive Effect in An Experimental Model</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analgesic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medicinal Plants.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polyphenols</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tanacetum parthenium</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">435-437</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tanacetum parthenium&lt;/em&gt; (L.) Sch Bip known as “santa maría” (&lt;em&gt;Asteraceae&lt;/em&gt; family) is used in Peru for inflammatory diseases and also in colic, stomachache, headaches, diarrhea, among other. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The aim was to determine the antioxidant profile, and analgesic effect of ethanolic extract of flowers and leaves of &lt;em&gt;T. parthenium &lt;/em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Material and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Leaves and flowers of &lt;em&gt;T. parthenium&lt;/em&gt; were soaked in 96% ethanol and the obtained extract was analyzed using chemical reactions for identifying each secondary metabolite, 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) was used to determine the antioxidant capacity, and the antinociceptive effect was determined by using tail flick method.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Qualitative phytochemical study indicates the presence phenolic compounds, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins and steroids in both extracts. In DPPH assay IC&lt;sub&gt;50 &lt;/sub&gt;showed in leaves and flowers extract 452.10 ± 10.2 μg/mL and 270.70 ± 20.6 μg/mL respectively. The antinociceptive effect was better in leaves at doses 300 mg/ Kg than flower extract. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; The ethanolic extract of flowers of &lt;em&gt;T. parthenium &lt;/em&gt;showed a high antioxidant activity and antinociceptive effect in mice.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">435</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Oscar Herrera-Calderon&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Wilfredo Bulege-Gutiérrez&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Luz Alexandra Javier-Silva&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Melva Iparraguirre-Meza&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Victor Guillermo Sanchez-Araujo&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Elizabeth Julia Melgar-Merino&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Johnny Aldo Tinco-Jayo&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;, José Santiago Almeida-Galindo&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;, Josefa Bertha Pari-Olarte&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Bromatology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima 15001, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Universidad Continental, Huancayo, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Universidad Privada del Norte, Lima, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Universidad Peruana Los Andes, Huancayo, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Universidad Nacional de Huancavelica, PERU. 6Department of Chemical Sciences, Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga, Ica 11001, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Human Medicine, Faculty of Health Science, Universidad Nacional de San Cristobal de Huamanga, Ayacucho, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Human Medicine, Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga, Ica 11001, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry Pharmaceutical, Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga, Ica 11001, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pepi Budianto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suroto Suroto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brian Wasita</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diah Kurnia Mirawati</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tectona Grandis Leaves: Determination of Total Flavonoid Content, Phenolic Content, Characterization of the Leaves, and Compound Identification in GC-MS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ash content</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoids content</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GC-MS.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moisture content</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phenolic content</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Teak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tectona grandis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Water content</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">165-170</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Nowadays, traditional plant study has grown in importance as their use has been increased. &lt;em&gt;Tectona grandi&lt;/em&gt;s (teak) is one of several plants that have been studied for its phytochemical and pharmacological properties. This plant includes a number of secondary metabolites, which may explain its diverse pharmacological properties. Although teak leaf compounds have been examined in the past, there is still little information on the diversity of teak leaf compounds. As a result, we are employing several methodologies to determine the total flavonoids content, phenolic content, water extractable matter, ethanol extractable matter, total ash content, and other component analysis of teak leaves. We found that the average of total flavonoid content in the teak leaves is about 3.93 ± 0.008%w/w, while the average total phenolic concentration in teak leaves is about 4.3±0.15%w/w. The Gas Chromatography- Mass Spectrometry GC-MS study of the methanol extract of&lt;em&gt; T. grandis &lt;/em&gt;leaves also found twenty-three active chemical compounds (phytochemical components)&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;quillbot-extension-portal&gt;&lt;/quillbot-extension-portal&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">165</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pepi Budianto&lt;sup&gt;1,2,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Suroto Suroto&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Brian Wasita&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Diah Kurnia Mirawati&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Doctoral Program of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pathology Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;quillbot-extension-portal&gt;&lt;/quillbot-extension-portal&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salman Umar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nengsyih Putri Erman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Armenia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elsa Badriyya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yufri Aldi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Activities of Pegagan Embun (Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam.) on TNF-α, Macrophages and Leukocytes Male White Mice Exposed by H5N1 Virus Antigens</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Immunomodulators</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leukocytes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leukocytes types</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Macrophages</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TNF-α</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">253-261</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Pegagan embun (&lt;em&gt;Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides &lt;/em&gt;Lam.) has been known to have immunostimulatory activity, it can increase the activity and capacity of mice macrophage phagocytosis at optimum dose of 200 mg/kgbw. &lt;strong&gt;Aim:&lt;/strong&gt; This study aims to determine the activity of the ethanol extract of pegagan embun on TNF-α levels, total macrophages, total leukocytes, and percentage of leukocytes types. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Mice were divided into four groups, one group as control was given 0.5% Na CMC suspension, three groups were given pegagan embun extract at a dose of 10 mg/kgbw, 50 mg/kgbw and 200 mg/kgbw orally for 7 days. On the 8&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; day, all mice were induced with 0.3 mL H5N1 vaccine subcutaneously, then left for 24 hours. After 24 hours, the mice were sacrificed and then TNF-α levels, total macrophages, total leukocytes, and percentage of leukocytes types were determined. The research data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA (significance was taken at p&amp;lt;0.05) and continued with the Duncan test.&lt;strong&gt; Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The results showed that pegagan embun extract significantly reduce TNF-α levels and total macrophages, also significantly increase total leukocytes and percentage of leukocyte types in mice (p&amp;lt;0.05). Significant increases and decreases occurred on average at doses of 50 mg/kgbw and 200 mg/kgbw. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Based on these results, it can be concluded that pegagan embun extract have immunomodulatory activity.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">01</style></accession-num><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">253</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Salman Umar*, Nengsyih Putri Erman, Armenia, Elsa Badriyya, Yufri Aldi&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, University Andalas, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mark Joseph M. Desamero</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liezl M. Atienza</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maria Adrianna Isabella G. Claravall</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Roxanne P. Gapasin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jonna Rose C. Maniwang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dianne Jane A. Sunico</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">James Ryan D. Aranzado</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Joan I. Delomen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Loraine C. Bainto-Ancheta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Katherine Ann T. Castillo-Israel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rohani B. Cena-Navarro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maria Amelita C. Estacio</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acute Oral Toxicity Assessment of Freeze-Dried Lipote Fruit Extract (Syzygium polycephaloides (C. B. Rob.) Merr.) in ICR Mice</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acute toxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lipote</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mice</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Philippine berry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Safety</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">490-503</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Lipote (&lt;em&gt;Syzygium polycephaloides &lt;/em&gt;(C. B. Rob.) Merr.) has been traditionally used in Ayurvedic medicine due to its nutritional and bioactive contents. &lt;strong&gt;Methods&lt;/strong&gt;: An acute oral toxicity test was conducted following the OECD 425 guidelines to investigate the toxic effects of freeze-dried lipote fruit extract (LFE) in male and female ICR mice at doses of 55, 175, 550, 2000, and 5000 mg/kg BW.&lt;strong&gt; Results&lt;/strong&gt;: At the end of the 14-day experimentation period, no physical, behavioral, neurologic, or cardiorespiratory signs of toxicity nor mortalities were recorded in LFE-treated mice. Also, physiologic parameters such as body weight, and feed and water intake registered normal throughout the study. Hematologic values such as total RBC, total WBC, and differential WBC for both sexes remained normal, apart from the male mouse administered with 2000 mg/kg LFE dose which presented erythrocytopenia, leukocytopenia, and lymphocytopenia after the end of the experimentation period, most likely due to extraneous factors unrelated to treatment. Meanwhile, the blood creatinine and blood urea nitrogen values remained within their respective normal reference ranges.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;: It can be inferred from results of this acute oral toxicity study that LFE is relatively non-toxic, has an LD50 above 5000 mg/kg, and like other closely related&lt;em&gt; Syzygium &lt;/em&gt;berries, does not elicit any adverse effects on the physiologic, hematologic, and blood chemical levels of kidney-filtered substances in mice. Sub-chronic and chronic toxicity studies must be conducted to determine the safety of continuous oral ingestion of lipote fruit.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">490</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mark Joseph M. Desamero&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Liezl M. Atienza&lt;sup&gt;2,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Maria Adrianna Isabella G. Claravall&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Roxanne P. Gapasin&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Jonna Rose C. Maniwang&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Dianne Jane A. Sunico&lt;sup&gt;2,4&lt;/sup&gt;, James Ryan D. Aranzado&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Joan I. Delomen&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Loraine C. Bainto- Ancheta&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Katherine Ann T. Castillo- Israel&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Rohani B. Cena-Navarro&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;,&amp;nbsp;Maria Amelita C. Estacio&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines - Los Baños, Laguna, PHILIPPINES.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Institute of Human Nutrition and Food, College of Human Ecology, University of the Philippines - Los Baños, Laguna, PHILIPPINES.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research and Extension, University of the Philippines - Los Baños, Laguna, PHILIPPINES.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Science and Technology - Science Education Institute, DOST Compound, Bicutan, Taguig City, PHILIPPINES.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Institute of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines - Los Baños, Laguna, PHILIPPINES.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;National Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, National Institutes of Health, University of the Philippines - Manila, PHILIPPINES. Correspondence&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Melva Louisa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meuthia Faralita Annisa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pamela Basuki</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brigitta Cindy Lauren</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Syarinta Adenina</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alpha-Mangostin Enhances Proliferation in Sorafenib-Surviving HepG2 Liver Cancer Cells by Increasing Anti-Apoptosis and Antioxidant Markers Expressions</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-cancer drug resistance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caspase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hepatocellular carcinoma</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ki-67</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oxidative stress.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">584-590</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Sorafenib is the first-line systemic option for treatment in advanced liver cancer. However, sorafenib resistance may develop rapidly, which may involve apoptosis and oxidative stress dysregulations. Several alternative treatments have been suggested to alleviate the delayed resistance of cancer cells to sorafenib, including alpha mangostin (AM). According to an earlier study, AM might be able to overcome doxorubicin resistance in hepatocellular cancer cells. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of AM in sorafenib-surviving HepG2 cells, a hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell line. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Sorafenib 10 μM was used to treat HepG2 to obtain sorafenib-surviving cells. Subsequently, sorafenib surviving cells were treated with DMSO -(vehicle) or sorafenib (SF) 10 μM or AM 20 μM, or SF 10 μM + AM 20 μM. Afterward, the cells were counted, collected and extracted for RNA. The mRNA expressions of Ki-67, c-Jun, Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase-3 and -9, GPx, and MnSOD were then quantified using qRT-PCR.&lt;strong&gt; Results&lt;/strong&gt;: Treatment of alpha-mangostin, alone or in combination with sorafenib combined enhanced the expressions of proliferation markers, Ki-67 and c-Jun. In addition, there was a marked increase in mRNA expressions of Bax and BCl2, but not Caspase-3 and -9. There were amplifications of antioxidant markers expressions, GPx, and MnSOD after AM or a combination of sorafenib and AM.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Treatment of alpha mangostin in sorafenib-surviving HCC cells caused an increase in proliferation markers, which might be explained by the reduced expressions of apoptosis markers and enhancement of antioxidant markers.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></accession-num><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">584</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Melva Louisa&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Meuthia Faralita Annisa&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Pamela Basuki&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Brigitta Cindy Lauren&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Syarinta Adenina&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Medical student, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, YARSI University, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ponco Birowo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nurhuda Sahar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">R. Muharam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dwi Ari Pujianto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rosalina Thuffi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kusmardi Kusmardi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Conny Riana Tjempakasari</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analysis of LH Receptor Expression in the Testes of Infertile Azoospermic Non-Obstructive (NOA) Men at High Serum Prolactin Concentrations</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hyperprolactinemia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LH receptor expression</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male infertility</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Non obstructive azoospermia (NOA).</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">462-468</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Hyperprolactin is one of the endocrine disorders that causes male infertility (11%). The mechanism is not widely known; it is thought to occur through disruption of LH receptor activity on germ cells. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The aim of study to compare the level of prolactin secretion with receptor expression in non-azoospermic infertile men (NOA). &lt;strong&gt;Methods&lt;/strong&gt;: During the period from July 2019 to July 2021, 40 samples of testicular tissue and serum were obtained from infertile NOA men, aged 25-50 years who were recruited from Ciptomangunkusumo Hospital (RSCM) Jakarta, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia and Bunda Hospital Jakarta. Subjects were divided into 4 groups based on prolactin levels (20 ng/ml, 20-50 ng/ml, 50-100 ng/ml and 100ng/ml). This group was tested for significance between groups and continued with a correlation test with the level of LH receptor expression. &lt;strong&gt;Results&lt;/strong&gt;: ANOVA test showed a significant decrease in LH receptor expression between prolactin levels &amp;lt; 20 ng/mL with levels of 50-100 ng/ml and prolactin levels &amp;gt; 100 ng/ml (P &amp;lt; 0.05). Furthermore, the results of the correlation test showed a significant decrease between prolactin levels and LH receptor expression (P &amp;lt; 0.05). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;: The higher the level of prolactin secretion in this sample, there is a decrease in LH receptor expression, so that testosterone production decreases and the spermatogenesis process will be disrupted.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">462</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ponco Birowo&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Nurhuda Sahar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, R. Muharam&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Dwi Ari Pujianto&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Rosalina Thuffi&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Kusmardi Kusmardi&lt;sup&gt;5-8,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Conny Riana Tjempakasari&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia Jl. Salemba Raya No.6, Jakarta, 10430, Jakarta, Indonesia, 10430, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Jl. Salemba Raya No.6, Jakarta, 10430, Jakarta, Indonesia, 10430, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia Jl. Salemba Raya No.6, Jakarta, 10430, Jakarta, Indonesia, 10430, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Magister Program Biomedical sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia Jl. Salemba Raya No.6, Jakarta, 10430, Jakarta, Indonesia, 10430, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Anatomic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jl. Salemba Raya No.6, Jakarta, 10430, Jakarta, Indonesia, 10430, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Drug Development Research Cluster, Indonesia Medical Educational and Research Institute, Jl. Salemba Raya No.6, Jakarta 10340, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Human Cancer Research Cluster, Indonesia Medical Educational and Research Institute, Jl. Salemba Raya No.6, Jakarta 10340, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;Doctoral Programme Study of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Jl. Salemba Raya No.6, Jakarta, 10430, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Microbiology Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, 10430, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maulana Yusuf Alkandahri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nia Yuniarsih</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Afiat Berbudi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anas Subarnas</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimalaria Activities of Several Active Compounds from Medicinal Plants</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">245-252</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;The growth and spread of resistance to all first-line antimalarial drugs used in the treatment of malaria today has caused many problems in eradicating malaria in various countries in the world. Researchers have begun to look for candidates for new antimalarial drug compounds derived from natural products that have been scientifically proven to have antimalarial activity. This is done to replace antimalarial drugs that are currently experiencing resistance. Some active compounds that have been successfully isolated from various plants, including curcumin, kaempferol, piperine, andrographolide, α-mangostin, catechin, luteolin and betulinic acid, have been scientifically tested to have antimalarial activity with different mechanisms of action.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;/strong&gt; Malaria, Antimalarial, Curcumin, Kaempferol, Piperine, Andrographolide, α-Mangostin, Catechin, Luteolin, Betulinic acid.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%"> Review Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">245</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Maulana Yusuf Alkandahri&lt;sup&gt;1,2,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Nia Yuniarsih&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Afiat Berbudi&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Anas Subarnas&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor, West Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, Buana Perjuangan Karawang University, Karawang, West Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biomedical Sciences, Parasitology Division, Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, West Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Asep Sukohar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suharyani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sutyarso</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hendri Busman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nuning Nurcahyani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evi Kurniawaty</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities of Melinjo (Gnetum gnemon L.) Seed Fractions on HeLa Cell Line an In Vitro</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-cancer</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytotoxic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HeLa.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Melinjo</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">559-564</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction&lt;/strong&gt;: Medicinal plants have been investigated for possible anti-cancer effects. One of them is&lt;em&gt; Gnetum gnemon&lt;/em&gt; L (melinjo). This study aims determined&lt;em&gt; in vitro &lt;/em&gt;antioxidant activity and the cytotoxic effects of polar, semipolar and non polar melinjo seed fractions againts HeLa cell line. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The melinjo seed were extracted with ethanol as a solvent. Then, the fractionation was done using liquidliquid extraction method with three different polarity solvent. Cytotoxic activity was carried out using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) colorimetric assay in HeLa cell lines at concentrations ranging from 25 to 400 μg/mL. Antioxidant activity was determined by the diphenyl picryl hidrazil (DPPH) radical scavenging method. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Phytochemical screening indicated the presence of phyto-constituents like flavonoids, terpenoid and tanin. The DPPH scavenging activity by the melinjo seed aqueous, ethyl acetate and N-hexane fraction was 733,12 ± 18,95 μg/mL; 68,40 ± 1,9 μg/mL and 2035,70 ± 65,59 μg/mL, respectively. The cytotoxic activity of the melinjo seed fractions showed that the ethyl acetate was the most active fraction against HeLa cell line with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value 45,27 μg/mL.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; In this study, we have observed that the melinjo seed fractions exhibited antioxidant and cytotoxic activity against HeLa cell lines. This is presumably due to the content of phytochemicals and stilbenoids such as resveratrol and gnetin C. Melinjo seeds are more potent as anticancer Compared with other plants that also contain RSV such as grape extract (&lt;em&gt;Vitis vinifera&lt;/em&gt; L.) against lung cancer cells (A549). From the three fractions, the ethyl acetate fraction had the highest antioxidant and cytotoxic effect compared to the water and n-hexane fractions. &lt;em&gt;Gnetum gnemon&lt;/em&gt; L. can be considered as a potential source of anticancer agents. However, more research is needed to determine the mechanism of action.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></accession-num><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">559</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Asep Sukohar1, Suharyani&lt;sup&gt;1,2,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Sutyarso&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Hendri Busman&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Nuning Nurcahyani&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Evi Kurniawaty&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine, University of Lampung, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Magister Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Lampung, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dwi Kusuma Wahyuni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anindya Nariswari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agus Supriyanto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hery Purnobasuki</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hunsa Punnapayak</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wichanee Bankeeree</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sehanat Prasongsuk</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wiwied Ekasari</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, and Antiplasmodial Activities of Sonchus arvensis L. Leaf Ethyl Acetate Fractions</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biological activities</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Escherichia coli.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Malaria</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plasmodium falciparum</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sonchus arvensis L.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Staphylococcus aureus</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">993-998</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Infection is one of the health problems and a disease that mainly causes death. Malaria is a parasitic infection that is transmitted through the Anopheles sp. The female then causes infection and besides malaria, other contaminants that caused infection are bacteria such as&lt;em&gt; Escherichia coli&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Staphylococcus aureus&lt;/em&gt;. This study aims to determine the antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antiplasmodial activity of &lt;em&gt;Sonchus arvensis&lt;/em&gt; L. ethyl acetate fractions. &lt;em&gt;In vitro &lt;/em&gt;antiplasmodial activity was carried out by Rieckman methods against Plasmodium falciparum strain 3D7&lt;em&gt;. In vitro&lt;/em&gt; antioxidant activity was conducted by Prieto method against (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Then antimicrobial activity was performed using well diffusion method against &lt;em&gt;Escherichia coli &lt;/em&gt;and &lt;em&gt;Staphylococcus aureus. &lt;/em&gt;Maceration of &lt;em&gt;S. arvensis&lt;/em&gt; L. dried leaves used n-hexane and ethyl acetate successively. Then the ethyl acetate extract was fractionated by vacuum column chromatography, using n-hexane and ethyl acetate as mobile phases. There are five fraction groups based on thin-layer chromatography (TLC) analysis. The IC&lt;sub&gt;50 &lt;/sub&gt;of antioxidant and antiplasmodial activity showed that fraction IV was the lowest value and categorized as active for antioxidant (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;=22.56 μg/mL), for antiplasmodial (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;=12.07 μg/mL). Fraction IV also had antimicrobial activity, with diameter of inhibition zone (DIZ) of 19.22 mm against Escherichia coli and 17.167 mm against &lt;em&gt;Staphylococcus aureus.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">993</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dwi Kusuma Wahyuni&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Anindya Nariswari&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Agus Supriyanto&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Hery Purnobasuki&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Hunsa Punnapayak&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Wichanee Bankeeree&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sehanat Prasongsuk&lt;sup&gt;1,2,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Wiwied Ekasari&lt;sup&gt;3,*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Airlangga University Surabaya, East Java, 60115, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Plant Biomass Utilization Research Unit, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Airlangga University Surabaya, East Java, 60115, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Miloud Chakit</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rezklah Boussekkour</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aboubaker El Hessni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Youssef Bahbiti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Redouan Nakache</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hicham El Mustaphi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdelhalim Mesfioui</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiurolithiatic Activity of Aqueous Extract of Ziziphus lotus on Ethylene Glycol-Induced Lithiasis in Rats </style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ethylene glycol</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rats</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Urinary parameter</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Urolithiasis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ziziphus lotus</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">596-602</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;In Morocco, &lt;em&gt;Ziziphus lotus&lt;/em&gt; is commonly used as an urolithiatic agent in the traditional medicine. To confirm this effect, an aqueous extract of &lt;em&gt;Ziziphus lotus&lt;/em&gt; (AEZL) has been studied in ethylene glycolinduced urolithiasis model of rats. 30 male rats were randomly divided into five groups of six animals each. Group I served as a vehicle control and received distilled water (0.5 ml/100 g p.o.). All remaining groups received calculi inducing treatment for 28 days, comprised of 0.75% v/v ethylene glycol with 1% w/v ammonium chloride in drinking water ad libitum for 3 days followed by only 0.75% v/v ethylene glycol for 25 days. Group II served as lithiatic control and received distilled water (0.5 ml/100 g p.o.). Group III served as curative treatment group and received AEZL at doses of 150 mg/kg from 14&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; day to 28&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; day. Group VI served as preventive treatment group and received AEZL at doses of 150 mg/kg from 1st day to 28th day. Group V served as therapeutic and received a drug “Cystone” at dose of 750 mg/kg from 14&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; day to 28&lt;sup&gt;th &lt;/sup&gt;day. The extract treatment decreased the levels of oxalate and calcium in urine. Crystalluria analysis showed that untreated rats excreted large CaOx monohydrate and few dihydrate crystals while treated animals excreted mostly small CaOx dihydrate crystals. Significant similarity was observed between preventive and therapeutic anti-urolithiatic effect of AEZL and anti-urolithiatic effect of cystone (P&amp;lt;0.001). These results demonstrated that AEZL have an anti-urolithiatic effect with preventive and therapeutic treatments in this experimental condition.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">596</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Miloud Chakit*, Rezklah Boussekkour, Aboubaker El Hessni, Youssef Bahbiti, Redouan Nakache, Hicham El Mustaphi, Abdelhalim Mesfioui&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Biology and Health Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, Kenitra, Morocco.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ANM Ansori</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">VD Kharisma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">AA Parikesit</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FA Dian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">RT Probojati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">M Rebezov</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">P Scherbakov</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">P Burkov</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">G Zhdanova</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A Mikhalev</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Y Antonius</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MRF Pratama</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NI Sumantri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TH Sucipto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">R Zainul</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bioactive Compounds from Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) as an Antiviral Agent via Dual Inhibitor Mechanism against SARSCoV- 2: An In Silico Approach</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">85-90</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2) is the virus that causes COVID-19 which is responsible for respiratory illness infection in humans. The virus was first identified in China in 2019 and later spread to other countries worldwide. This study aims to identify the bioactive compounds from mangosteen (&lt;em&gt;Garcinia mangostana &lt;/em&gt;L.) as an antiviral agent via dual inhibitor mechanisms against two SARS-CoV-2 proteases through the &lt;em&gt;in silico &lt;/em&gt;approach. The three-dimensional structure of various bioactive compounds of mangosteen from the database was examined. Furthermore, all the target compounds were analyzed for drug, antiviral activity prediction, virtual screening, molecular interactions, and threedimensional structure visualization. It aimed to determine the potential of the bioactive compounds from mangosteen that can serve as antiviral agents to fight SARS-CoV-2. Results showed that the bioactive compounds from mangosteen have the prospective to provide antiviral agents that contradict the virus via dual inhibitory mechanisms. In summary, the binding of the various bioactive compounds from mangosteen results in low binding energy and is expected to have the ability to induce any activity of the target protein binding reaction. Therefore, it allows various bioactive compounds from mangosteen to act as dual inhibitory mechanisms for COVID-19 infection.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;/strong&gt; Antiviral agent, COVID-19, &lt;em&gt;Garcinia mangostana&lt;/em&gt; L., In silico approach, SARS-CoV-2.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">85</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ANM Ansori&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, VD Kharisma&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, AA Parikesit&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, FA Dian&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, RT Probojati&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, M Rebezov&lt;sup&gt;6,7&lt;/sup&gt;, P Scherbakov&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;, P Burkov&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;, G Zhdanova7, A Mikhalev&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;, Y Antonius&lt;sup&gt;10&lt;/sup&gt;, MRF Pratama&lt;sup&gt;11,12&lt;/sup&gt;, NI Sumantri&lt;sup&gt;13&lt;/sup&gt;, TH Sucipto&lt;sup&gt;14&lt;/sup&gt;, R Zainul&lt;sup&gt;15&lt;/sup&gt;,*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Doctoral Program of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Master Program of Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Brawijaya University, Malang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Indonesia International Institute for Life Sciences, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agronomy, Horticulture and Bioengineering, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, POLAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Kadiri, Kediri, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Ural State Agrarian University, Yekaterinburg, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;K.G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technologies and Management (The First Cossack University), Moscow, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Infectious Diseases and Veterinary, South Ural State Agrarian University, Troitsk, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;Center for Biotechnology of Animal Reproduction, South Ural State Agrarian University, Troitsk, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;10&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Surabaya, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;11&lt;/sup&gt;Doctoral Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;12&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Palangkaraya, Palangka Raya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;13&lt;/sup&gt;Biomedical Engineering Study Program, Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;14&lt;/sup&gt;Dengue Study Group, Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;15&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Duaa Adnan Alghafli</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zeneb Ali Albahrani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fatemah Hussain Alnasser</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aldanah Ibrahim Alnajdi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gharam Mohammed Alanazi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hussein Ali Burshed</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marwan Mohamed Alshawush</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hany Ezzat Khalil</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemical Profiling and In Vitro α-amylase Antidiabetic Assessment of Carissa Macrocarpa Flower Extract Cultivated in Saudi Arabia</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antidiabetic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Apocynaceae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caffeic acid.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carissa macrocarpa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">α-amylase inhibitory</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">759-765</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Carissa macrocarpa &lt;/em&gt;is commonly known as Natal plum. Its fruits are palatable and used in manufacture of jams while other parts of the plant are used in traditional medicine to treat various diseases. The main objective of current study was to screen the presence of and isolate the various phytochemicals applying standard procedures and to evaluate the&lt;em&gt; in vitro&lt;/em&gt; antidiabetic activity using α-amylase inhibitory assay. The total methanol extract of flower (TMEF) of &lt;em&gt;Carissa macrocarpa &lt;/em&gt;was subjected to several chromatographic procedures. Results demonstrated that TMEF of &lt;em&gt;Carissa macrocarpa &lt;/em&gt;is characterized by the content of different constituents such as flavonoids, steroids, saponins, tannins and carbohydrates at different levels. Chromatographic isolation led to the isolation of kaempferol-3-O-robinobioside and caffeic acid, which were confirmed via using &lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;H, &lt;sup&gt;13&lt;/sup&gt;C, DEPT, COSY, HMQC and HMBC NMR spectroscopic analyses. TMEF exhibited α-amylase inhibitory activity with IC&lt;sub&gt;50 &lt;/sub&gt;value of 65.4 μg/ml when compared to that of the acarbose (standard) (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; = 39.6 μg/ml). In conclusion, current investigation endorses the traditional use of &lt;em&gt;Carissa macrocarpa &lt;/em&gt;as antidiabetic herb. Hence, the studied TMEF of &lt;em&gt;Carissa macrocarp&lt;/em&gt;a may have the potential being nutraceuticals products for pharmaceutical applications as antidiabetic herbal remedy.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">759</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Duaa Adnan Alghafli*, Zeneb Ali Albahrani, Fatemah Hussain Alnasser, Aldanah Ibrahim Alnajdi, Gharam Mohammed Alanazi, Hussein Ali Burshed, Marwan Mohamed Alshawush, Hany Ezzat Khalil*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, SAUDI ARABIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marwan Mohamed Alshawush</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hussein Ali Burshed</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdullah Jalal Alasoom</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdullah Abdulhamid Altaweel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hany Ezzat Khalil</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemical Profiling, Antioxidant and Lipoxygenase Enzyme Inhibition Activities of Wild Edible Truffle (Terfezia boudieri) from Northern Borders of Saudi Arabia</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DPPH</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gallic acid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lipoxygenase inhibition</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terfezia boudieri</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Truffle</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">β-sitosterol</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">319-326</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Truffles are natural food product very famous for its health benefits for being significant biosource of essential fatty acids, proteins and other antioxidant and phenolic compounds. The current study was conducted to evaluate the phytochemicals, antioxidant and lipoxygenase inhibition activities of &lt;em&gt;Terfezia boudieri of &lt;/em&gt;Saudi origin. Various phytochemicals were screened applying standard procedures. The total methanol extract (TME) of the truffle was subjected to several chromatographic procedures. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH antioxidant procedure, comparing results with trolox as standard. Results demonstrated that &lt;em&gt;Terfezia boudieri &lt;/em&gt;chemically characterized by the availability of various constituents such as flavonoids, steroids, saponins, tannins and carbohydrates at different levels. Phytochemical investigation led to the isolation of β-sitosterol and gallic acid that were identified using 1H, &lt;sup&gt;13&lt;/sup&gt;C, DEPT, COSY, HMQC and HMBC NMR spectroscopic data. Results demonstrated high antioxidant activity with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;: 50.4 μg/ml and 31.4 μg/ml for TME and gallic acid, respectively. TME and gallic acid exhibited lipoxygenase inhibitory activity with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values 4.59 and 0.53 μg/ml for TME and gallic acid, respectively. The higher lipoxygenase inhibitory activity was presumably correlated to the high antioxidant activity. In conclusion, current investigation confirms the folklore use of &lt;em&gt;Terfezia boudieri&lt;/em&gt; as&lt;em&gt; &lt;/em&gt;antinflammatory food. Hence, the studied &lt;em&gt;Terfezia boudieri &lt;/em&gt;may have a great potential as antioxidant and antinflammatory functional food and nutraceuticals products for pharmaceutical applications.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></accession-num><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">319</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Marwan Mohamed Alshawush*, Hussein Ali Burshed, Abdullah Jalal Alasoom, Abdullah Abdulhamid Altaweel, Hany Ezzat Khalil*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, SAUDI ARABIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shahad Mohammed Nasser Alqahtani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dalya Ramzi Alsuliman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdullah Jalal Alasoom</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hussein Ali Burshed</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marwan Mohamed Alshawush</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdullah Abdulhamid Altaweel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hany Ezzat Khalil</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cichorioside a biocoumarin modulates lipid and glucose storage on 3T3-L1 cell lines: In vitro and in silico approach</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3T3-L1cell lines</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cichorioside</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oil red O staining</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PPARγ</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">933-937</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Natural coumarins are reputed to demonstrate several biological effects to improve adverse health conditions including; obesity. This study was conducted to explore the potential&lt;em&gt; in vitro&lt;/em&gt; lipid and glucose modulatory activity of cichorioside on 3T3-L1 cell lines .&lt;strong&gt; Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The 3T3-L1 cell lines were cultured and cell viability was assessed. Glucose content in medium of cultured cells was measured. Differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells from pre-adipocytes to adipocytes was evaluated upon addition of cichorioside. Expression of mRNA of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) was estimated. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Survival of around 90% of cultured cells was observed at 10μM cichorioside. Cichorioside inhibited glucose uptake from the medium by the 3T3-L1 cell lines. Cichorioside considerably inhibited pre-adipocyte differentiation and the lipid content in intercellular storage. Cichorioside demonstrated an upregulation of the mRNA expression of PPARγ. Moreover, the docking studies supported the results &lt;em&gt;via &lt;/em&gt;the deep interaction of cichorioside with amino acids residue of PPAR-γ. Taken together, these findings are the first report on &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; evaluation of cichorioside to modulate the lipid storage and glucose uptake of cultured 3T3-L1 cell lines&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">933</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Shahad Mohammed Nasser Alqahtani*, Dalya Ramzi Alsuliman, Abdullah Jalal Alasoom, Hussein Ali Burshed, Marwan Mohamed Alshawush, Abdullah Abdulhamid Altaweel, Hany Ezzat Khalil*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, SAUDI ARABIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ichwan Baihaki</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Beti Ernawati Dewi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Viol Dhea Kharisma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ahmad Affan Ali Murtadlo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Badrut Tamam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Devi Purnamasari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nunuk Hariani Soekamto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ANM Ansori</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kuswati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Riso Sari Mandeli</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kawther Ameen Muhammed Saeed Aledresi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nur Farhana Mohd Yusof</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vikash Jakhmola</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maksim Rebezov</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pavel Burkov</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marina Derkho</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pavel Scherbakov</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rahadian Zainul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Raffi Ghifari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Asmi Citra Malina AR Tasakka</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tengku Siti Hajar Haryuna</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Correlation of the Presence of Non Structural-1 (NS1) Antigen Dengue Virus with Severity of Dengue Infection</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dengue virus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NS1 antigen</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thrombocytopenia</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">813-816</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Dengue is a major public health threat worldwide, affecting approximately 3 billion people. More than 100 countries in the world located in tropical and subtropical areas, there are at least 100 to 400 million people infected with the dengue virus which causes dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). Soluble Non Structural Protein (sNS1) DENV is a soluble NS1 protein that is secreted and found in the serum of patients during acute infection. Because of its presence early in infection, sNS1 is used as a diagnostic indicator of acute dengue infection. NS1 can directly activate platelets through TLR4 and can further increase platelet aggregation, endothelial cell adhesion, and phagocytosis by macrophages that can cause thrombocytopenia so that high sNS1 levels are associated with disease severity. From the results of the study showed p &amp;lt;0.05. This indicates that there is a correlation between the presence of NS1 and the severity of dengue infection.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">813</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ichwan Baihaki&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Beti Ernawati Dewi&lt;sup&gt;2,3&lt;/sup&gt;, Viol Dhea Kharisma&lt;sup&gt;4,5&lt;/sup&gt;, Ahmad Affan Ali Murtadlo&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Badrut Tamam&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Devi Purnamasari&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;, Nunuk Hariani Soekamto&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;, ANM Ansori&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;, Kuswati&lt;sup&gt;10&lt;/sup&gt;, Riso Sari Mandeli&lt;sup&gt;11&lt;/sup&gt;, Kawther Ameen Muhammed Saeed Aledresi&lt;sup&gt;12&lt;/sup&gt;, Nur Farhana Mohd Yusof&lt;sup&gt;13&lt;/sup&gt;, Vikash Jakhmola&lt;sup&gt;14&lt;/sup&gt;, Maksim Rebezov&lt;sup&gt;15&lt;/sup&gt;,&lt;sup&gt;16,17&lt;/sup&gt;, Pavel Burkov&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;, Marina Derkho&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;, Pavel Scherbakov&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;, Rahadian Zainul&lt;sup&gt;19,20,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Raffi Ghifari&lt;sup&gt;21&lt;/sup&gt;, Asmi Citra Malina AR Tasakka&lt;sup&gt;22&lt;/sup&gt;, Tengku Siti Hajar Haryuna&lt;sup&gt;23&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Master Programme in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia-RSUPN Cipto Mangunkusumo, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Infectious Disease and Immunology Cluster, Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Division of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Generasi Biologi Indonesia Foundation, Gresik, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Universitas Muhammadiyah Lamongan, Lamongan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Radiology Engineering, Universitas Awal Bros, Pekanbaru, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;Chemistry Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;Professor Nidom Foundation, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;10&lt;/sup&gt;Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Jember University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;11&lt;/sup&gt;Environmental Science, Postgraduate Programme, Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;12&lt;/sup&gt;Biochemistry Department, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Arbil Governorate, Iraqi Kurdistan, IRAQ.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;13&lt;/sup&gt;College of Engineering (Chemical), Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Jalan Purnama, Bandar Seri Alam, Masai, Johor, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;14&lt;/sup&gt;Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;15&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Scientific Research, V. M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems, Moscow, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;16&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Ural State Agrarian University, Yekaterinburg, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;17&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Scientific Research, Russian State Agrarian University, Moscow, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;Institute of Veterinary Medicine, South Ural State Agrarian University, Troitsk, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;19&lt;/sup&gt;Center for Advanced Material Processing, Artificial Intelligence, and Biophysic Informatics (CAMP-BIOTICS), Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;20&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;21&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Informatics Engineering, Faculty of Computer Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, INDONESIA&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;22&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Marine Science and Fisheries, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar, INDONESIA&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;23&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, INDONESIA&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Silvia W Lestari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Khairunnisa F Ilato</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">M. Iqbal A Pratama</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Husna Qonitah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gito Wasian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amandanu Bramantya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Firda A Husna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ria Margiana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gita Pratama</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Does Soybean (Glycine max) Supplementation Increase Oocyte Viability, Decrease Oocyte Apoptosis and Improve Embryo Development Quality? An Experimental Study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">133-140</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; One of the important factors in Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) is embryo quality that depends on oocyte quality. Maternal nutrition in form of soybean supplementation is thought to have benefits in oocyte quality. To determine the effect soybean supplementation to the embryo quality from oocyte side. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This experimental study involved female mice from Swiss strain aged 6 weeks that were divided into two groups, group with soybean (soybean group/SG) and group without soybeans (pellet group/PG). Follicles were collected and denuded to get oocytes. The oocytes were stained with MitoTracker for assessing the mitochondrial membrane potential and TUNEL for assessing the apoptotic level. Colour intensity was assessed using a confocal microscope and determined using ImageJ software. Sperms were extracted surgically from the epididymis-vas deferens and performed preparation prior to intra cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) procedure. Then, the embryos were cultured and observed for the quality. &lt;strong&gt;Result&lt;/strong&gt;: In TUNEL test, the average colour intensity of the SG was lower compared to the PG, significantly (p=0.03). While in the Mito Tracker test, the average colour intensity for the SG was higher compared to PG, not significantly (p=1.08). In addition, the embryo development on Day-1 and Day-3 showed more good embryo quality of SG compared to PG, significantly (p=0.03). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;: Soybean supplementation improved embryo quality at the cleavage stage by decreasing apoptosis of the oocytes rather than increasing the viability the oocytes.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words&lt;/strong&gt;: Oocyte, Soybean, Apoptosis, Embryo development, Embryo quality.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">133</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Silvia W Lestari&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Khairunnisa F Ilato&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, M. Iqbal A Pratama&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Husna Qonitah&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Gito Wasian&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Amandanu Bramantya&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Firda A Husna&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Ria Margiana&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Gita Pratama&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Undergraduate Study of Medicine of Faculty Medicine, Universitas INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Undergraduate Study of Biology of Faculty Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Master’s programme in biomedical medicine of Faculty Medicine, Universitas INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Obstetry &amp;amp; Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia – Ciptomangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aprilia Romdiyana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">R. Mohammad Budiarto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evelyne Chandra</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Erlenmeyer-shaped Heart in a Patient with Giant Left Atrium due to Mixed Mitral Valve Pathology: A Neglected Case in a Rural Area in Indonesia</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Erlenmeyer-shaped heart</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Giant left atrium</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Junctional tachycardia.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mitral regurgitation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mitral stenosis</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">829-832</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Giant left atrium (GLA) is a rare condition typically found in patients with rheumatic mitral valve disease. On chest radiographs, this condition often mimics another cause of cardiomegaly. A 52-year-old man was admitted to the hospital with complaints of shortness of breath and orthopnea. Mid-diastolic and grade IV pansystolic murmurs could be heard at the apex radiating to the axilla on cardiac auscultation. The electrocardiogram showed a junctional tachycardia rhythm, while the chest radiograph displayed extreme cardiomegaly with Erlenmeyer-shaped heart. Massive pericardial effusion was suspected. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) was then performed, revealing GLA with a left atrial volume index (LAVi) of 1101 ml/m2. Meanwhile, transoesophageal echocardiography (TEE) confirmed calcification of P2 and P3 extending to the border of the mitral leaflet up to one third of the chordae tendineae, with moderate mitral stenosis and eccentric mitral regurgitation jet due to prolapse of A2. The patient was treated with optimal medical therapy while awaiting cardiac surgery. GLA is a rare complication of mitral valve disease and an almost forgotten cause of cardiomegaly. Diagnostic imaging procedures with echocardiography are a less invasive and readily available modality to establish the diagnosis of cardiomegaly.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">829</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aprilia Romdiyana*, R. Mohammad Budiarto, Evelyne Chandra&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Airlangga University, Dr Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maulana Yusuf Alkandahri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Afiat Berbudi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anas Subarnas</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evaluation of Experimental Cerebral Malaria of Curcumin and Kaempferol in Plasmodium berghei ANKA-Infected Mice</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blood-brain barrier.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cerebral malaria</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kaempferol</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kurkumin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plasmodium berghei Anka</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">905-911</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Cerebral malaria (CM) is one of the most severe complications of &lt;em&gt;Plasmodium falciparum&lt;/em&gt; infection and the leading cause of death from malaria in endemic areas. Natural products with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities have become valuable alternative therapeutic options in CM treatment. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of curcumin and kaempferol in experimental cerebral malaria (ECM) in mice infected with &lt;em&gt;Plasmodium berghei &lt;/em&gt;ANKA (PbA). &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; After PbA infection, mice were divided into 9 groups, namely Group I (negative control (NC)) with 0.5% HPMC, Group II received chloroquine 20 mg/kg, Group III (normal) with aquadest, Groups IV, V, and VI received curcumin at doses of 20, 40, and 80 mg/kg, respectively, Groups VII, VIII, and IX received kaempferol at doses of 20, 40, and 80 mg/kg, respectively. The antimalarial activity was evaluated using Peter's four-day suppressive test. This was conducted to determine the % parasitemia, survival rate, AST and ALT, blood-brain barrier (BBB) leakage, and neurobehavioral disorders in mice with CM. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The results showed that all treatments had significant antimalarial activity, with the % suppression depending on the dose. It also indicates that PbA-infected mice had a survival rate of 11-19 days after infection, which was higher than those in the NC group. This suggested that curcumin and kaempferol have a protective effect on the survival of PbA-infected mice. Furthermore, they significantly reduced the AST and ALT concentrations in the sample compared to the NC group. The same was observed in cerebral vessel extravasation, where the Evans Blue stain assay showed significantly less dye extravasation in the brains of PbA-infected mice treated with curcumin and kaempferol. This indicated better-protected integrity of the BBB. Additionally, the results also demonstrated a decrease in neurological disorders arising during ECM in the group treated with curcumin and kaempferol. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;: Considering these results, it is concluded that treatments with curcumin and kaempferol could improve animal survival, prevent AST and ALT elevations, as well as protect the BBB and neurobehavioral disorders associated with CM in PbA-infected mice.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">905</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Maulana Yusuf Alkandahri&lt;sup&gt;1,2*&lt;/sup&gt;, Afiat Berbudi&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Anas Subarnas&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, West Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Buana Perjuangan Karawang, Karawang, West Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biomedical Sciences, Parasitology Division, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, West Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A EZAOUINE</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">M R SALAM</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Y SBAOUI</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">B NOUADI</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S ZOUHIR</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">M ELMESSAL</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">F CHEGDANI</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">F BENNIS</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Extraction, Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Phenolic Compounds from Moroccan Satureja nepeta L.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">182-192</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Satureja&lt;/em&gt; nepeta is an aromatic medicinal plant, widely used by the Moroccan population. The objective of this study is to evaluate the influence of extraction methods on total phenolic compounds (TPC) and total flavonoid compounds (TFC). The phytochemical characteristics are subsequently analyzed to determine the components constitution as well as the evaluation of antioxidant activity. The extraction optimization and the extraction of total polyphenols was carried out using three methods (decoction, infusion and hydroethanolic). The antioxidant capacity was evaluated using the DPPH free radical trapping method, reducing power assay and the ABTS radical reduction test. Polyphenols were identified by the HPLCUV method. The optimal hydro-ethanol extraction conditions defined from the experimental design are: ethanol/water, 60/40 (v/v), 15 hours, 42.5 °C TPC and TFC of the infused extract were the highest. The evaluation of the antioxidant capacity showed that the infused extract had a good antioxidant efficacy. HPLC-UV and GC-MS has been used to identify some phenolic compounds in various extracts. In conclusion, optimizing the extraction of S. nepeta seems to be an efficient and quick method to establish the best extraction conditions. Also, &lt;em&gt;Satureja.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;/strong&gt; Moroccan Satureja nepeta, Antioxidant activity, Total polyphenol, Total flavonoids, Total tannins.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">182</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A EZAOUINE *, M R SALAM,Y SBAOUI, B NOUADI, S ZOUHIR, M ELMESSAL, F CHEGDANI, F BENNIS&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Laboratory of Immunology and Biodiversity, Faculty of Sciences Aïn Chock, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Morocco&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohamad Al- Hamwi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MahaAboul Ela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdalla El-Lakany</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Youssef BAKKOUR</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ziad Mahmoud</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FTICR/MS Analysis of Micromeria Fruticosa and Teucrium Polium Growing in Lebanon</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">112-127</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Micomeria fruticosa&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Teucrium polium &lt;/em&gt;are&lt;em&gt; Lamiaceae &lt;/em&gt;plants found throughout the Mediterranean, including Lebanon. Aerial parts of both plants were taken from a rocky mountain in Lebanon's Bekaa region and alcoholic extraction and chromatographic separation were performed. Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FTICR-MS) was used to examine crude extracts of both plants A and B, as well as their fractions. The mass spectra of both plants revealed great chemical complexity with a total of 6352 ions (peaks) for crude extract of plant A and 5147 ions (peaks) for extract B. The majority of chemicals found in both plants are condensed aromatics, particularly polyphenols which could explain the previously documented anticancer effects of both plants.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;/strong&gt; Micromeria, Teucrium chromatographic analysis, FTICR-MS.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">112</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mohamad Al- Hamwi&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, MahaAboul Ela&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Abdalla El- Lakany&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Youssef BAKKOUR&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Ziad Mahmoud&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Beirut Arab University, LEBANON.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Lebanese University, LEBANON.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Narasimha Baba Brindavanam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gurinderjit Singh Goraya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Santosh Pal Singh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amandeep Kumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ankita Tiwari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Badari Narayan Sarvepalli</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pankaj Prasad Raturi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genetic Diversity in Commiphora wightii (Arn.) Bhandari (Guggul): An Assessment of Populations in Conservation Sites of Kachchh Region (Gujarat) of India</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gene Pool</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Guggulu</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In-situ conservation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medicinal Plants Conservation Area</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MPCA</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">UPGMA</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">379-387</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;em&gt; &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Commiphora wightii&lt;/em&gt; (Arn.) Bhandari (Guggul) is native to semi-arid to arid zones. Its oleoresin gum is used for both medicinal and non-medicinal applications. Reportedly, the species faces high degree conservation threats. A network of Four Medicinal Plants Conservation Areas (MPCA) was carved out in Kachchh region- under financial support from National Medicinal Plants Board. The species also occurs in sanctuary and protected by default. It is considered important to assess genetic diversity of these conserved populations. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; A total of 38 accessions of Guggul leaves were collected from five study sites and the whole genomic DNA was extracted for each sample. Genetic study was carried out using ISSR technique. Scorable bands were obtained for 14 out of 40 primers tested. A total of 49 bands were obtained of which 20 were polymorphic in nature. UPGMA dendrograms were constructed for individual sites and also a collective dendrogram for all the study sites.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; All the 8 accessions of Tharawada MPCA were observed to share a high similarity coefficient. Among rest of three sites, genetic diversity was seen to be narrow. The accessions obtained from NSWS displayed good diversity. These accessions were also noted to be distant to the populations captured in the MPCA sites. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions&lt;/strong&gt;: Established MPCA sites capture the available gene pool of &lt;em&gt;Commiphora wightii&lt;/em&gt; of Kachchh region. Since NSWS populations are distant to rest of the region, it is suggested to create another site for this purpose. It is desirable to assess the genetic diversity in rest of the MPCA sites.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article </style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">19</style></accession-num><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">379</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Narasimha Baba Brindavanam&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Gurinderjit Singh Goraya&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Santosh Pal Singh&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Amandeep Kumar&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Ankita Tiwari&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Badari Narayan Sarvepalli4, Pankaj Prasad Raturi&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Research Scholar, Amity School of Natural Resources and Sustainable Development, Amity University, Uttar Pradesh, Noida, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;IFS (Retired), (Formerly Principal Chief Conservator of Forests, Government of Himachal Pradesh and Dy. Director General, Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education, Dehradun), INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Director, Amity School of Natural Resources and Sustainable Development, Amity University, Uttar Pradesh, NOIDA (Formerly Principal Chief Conservator of Forests, Government of Assam and Dy. Director General, Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education, Dehradun), INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Bioresources Development Group, Dabur Research and Development Centre, Ghaziabad (UP), INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">N Nerdy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">P Lestari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">F Fahdi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EDL Putra</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SAB Amir</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">F Yusuf</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TK Bakri</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In Silico Studies of Sesquiterpene Lactones from Vernonia amygdalina Delile on the Expression of EGFR and VEGFR as a New Anticancer Potential</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">91-97</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To assess the inhibition activity of sesquiterpene lactones from&lt;em&gt; Vernonia amygdalina&lt;/em&gt; Delile as a new anticancer potential on the expression of cancer therapeutic target-proteins, namely: epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR)&lt;strong&gt;. Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The in silico screening, target‐based approach (docking) was performed by the Prediction of Activity Spectra for Substances (PASS) website and AutoDock Vina program. The therapeutic cancer target proteins model of EGFR and VEGFR were downloaded from Research Collaboratory for Structural Bioinformatics (RCSB) protein data bank (PDB) with 5HG7 and 4AG8 as their respective codes.&lt;strong&gt; Results&lt;/strong&gt;: The test compounds have anticancer activity as predicted by the Prediction of Activity Spectra for Substances (PASS) website and AutoDock Vina program. The molecular docking analysis of the test compounds showed strong interactions and good inhibition activity with the targeted proteins with a low docking score value predicted by the AutoDock Vina program.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The test compounds have the potential to be used in anticancer drugs through the inhibitory qualities of EGFR and VEGFR.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;/strong&gt; In silico, Sesquiterpene lactones, EGFR, VEGFR, Vernonia amygdalina Delile.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">91</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;N Nerdy&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, P Lestari&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, F Fahdi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, EDL Putra&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, SAB Amir&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, F Yusuf3, TK Bakri&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Institut Kesehatan Deli Husada Deli Tua, Deli Tua Timur, Deli Tua, Deli Serdang, Sumatera Utara, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Padang Bulan, Medan Baru, Medan, Sumatera Utara, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacy, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Arjuna, Pintubosi, Laguboti, Toba Samosir, Sumatera Utara, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Kopelma Darussalam, Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Aceh, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ricadonna Raissa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anna Safitri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Masruri Masruri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ma Asuncion Guiang Beltran5</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aulanni’am Aulanni’am</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">An In Silico Study of Examining Bioactive Compounds from Azadirachta indica Juss. (Neem) as Potential Death Receptor 5 Inductor in Hepatoma Cells</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Apoptosis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Azadirachta indica Juss.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cancer</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Death receptor 5</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">in silico</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">343-349</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Hepatocellular carcinoma is a disease that occurs due to the uncontrolled growth of abnormal hepatocytes. While cancer cells will not die by itself, due to resistance to death receptors 5 (DR5)-mediated apoptosis. This study is aimed to investigate&lt;em&gt; Azadirachta indica&lt;/em&gt; Juss. leaves compound, such as gedunin and nimbolide, in binding DR5 and stimulated the TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL), native ligand binding to DR5, which has a role of pro-apoptotic by docking simulation. The ligand and protein preparations were done using Discovery Studio 2016 and Hex 8.0.0 for docking. Visualization was done using Discovery Studio 2016. The docking studies revealed that nimbolide has a lower binding energy with the DR5-TRAIL complex than gedunin. According to the findings, nimbolide is a more effective DR5-TRAIL binding inducer than gedunin and has a higher binding affinity for DR5-TRAIL. This interaction has the potential to significantly reduce DR5-TRAIL binding resistance. Nimbolide and gedunin can be considered as drugs that can sensitize TRAIL binding to DR5 and increase the activation of one of hepar cancers signaling apoptosis pathways.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">343</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ricadonna Raissa&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Anna Safitri&lt;sup&gt;2,3&lt;/sup&gt;, Masruri Masruri&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Ma Asuncion Guiang Beltran&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Aulanni’am Aulanni’am&lt;sup&gt;2,4&lt;/sup&gt;,&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Doctoral Program of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Research Center for Smart Molecules of Natural Genetic Resources (SMONAGENES), Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;College of Veterinary Medicine, Tarlac Agricultural University, Camiling, Tarlac, PHILIPPINES.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vikash Jakhmola</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tarun Parashar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pallavi Ghildiyal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ANM Ansori</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rajeev Kumar Sharma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">N. G. Raghavendra Rao</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kapil Kalra</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nishan Singh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nidhi Nainwal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rajeev Kumar Singh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">M. P Singh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vishwadeepak Kimothi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alok Bhatt</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ashish Dimri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ravi Kumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amit Semwal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nur Sofiatul Aini</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maksim Rebezov</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">An In Silico Study to Explore the Role of EGFR in Ovarian Cancer</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EGFR</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In silico study</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Protein-protein docking</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tyrosine kinases</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">817-821</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;EGFR is a tyrosine kinase receptor that has a role in the tumorigenesis of many types of solid tumors. Aberrantly phosphorylated or overexpressed EGFR is associated with cellular proliferation, prevention of apoptosis, activation of invasion and metastasis, and stimulation of tumor-induced neovascularization. EGFR’s hyperactivity has been observed in ovarian cancer. Although conventional chemotherapy and surgery for advanced ovarian cancer have improved over the years, still there is a critical need for the development of molecular targeted therapies. The major challenge for this approach is the complete understanding of the protein structure of this mega receptor. In this study, we explored this receptor using &lt;em&gt;in silico&lt;/em&gt; tools. The protein structure of the EGFR kinase domain (PDB ID: 1M17) and co-crystal containing EGFR and PTP1B kinase domain fragment (PDB ID: 3I7Z) were obtained from the RCSB Protein Data Bank. We performed protein-protein docking using BioLuminate. It was found in this study that the DADEYL segment of EGFR (position 988-993) which includes autophosphorylated tyrosine at position 992, is the segment that is responsible for the overexpression of this receptor in ovarian cancer. There are currently two main classes of clinically-approved drugs which downregulate EGFR activity; tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and monoclonal antibodies (Mabs). However, treatment with both type of therapies has been met with shortcomings. Therefore, there is a need for further studies to explore the suitable ligands that can downregulate its activity.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">817</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vikash Jakhmola&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Tarun Parashar&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Pallavi Ghildiyal&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, ANM Ansori&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Rajeev Kumar Sharma&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, N. G. Raghavendra Rao&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Kapil Kalra&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Nishan Singh&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Nidhi Nainwal&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Rajeev Kumar Singh&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;, M. P Singh&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;, Vishwadeepak Kimothi&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;, Alok Bhatt&lt;sup&gt;10&lt;/sup&gt;, Ashish Dimri&lt;sup&gt;11&lt;/sup&gt;, Ravi Kumar&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Amit Semwal&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Nur Sofiatul Aini&lt;sup&gt;12&lt;/sup&gt;, Maksim Rebezov&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;13,14,15&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Professor Nidom Foundation, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;School of Pharmaceutical and population health informatics, DIT University, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Professor, Kiet School Of Pharmacy, Kiet Group Of Institutions. Delhi-Ncr, Meerut Road, Ghaziabad - 201206 Uttar Pradesh, India&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Alpine College of Management and Technology Dehradun, Uttarakhand, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Srajan Institute of Pharmacy, Lakhimpur Kheri, Uttar Pradesh, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Apex Institute of Pharmacy, Samaspur, Chunar, Mirzapur Uttar Pradesh, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;School of Agriculture, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;Himalayan Institute of Pharmacy and Research Dehradun, Uttarakhand, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;10&lt;/sup&gt;School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Himgiri Zee University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;11&lt;/sup&gt;GRD(PG) IMT Dehradun, Uttarakhand, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;12&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, State University of Surabaya, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;13&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Scientific Research, Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Moscow, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;14&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Ural State Agrarian University, Yekaterinburg, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;15&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Scientific Research, K.G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of technologies and management (The First Cossack University), Moscow, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdullah Abdulhamid Altaweel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdullah Jalal Alasoom</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hussein Ali Burshed</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marwan Mohamed Alshawush</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hany Ezzat Khalil</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Insight into Screening of Secondary Metabolites, Phenolic and Flavonoid Contents and Antioxidant Activity of Raphanus sativus L. Cultivated in Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DPPH</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Folin-Ciocalteau</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Raphanus sativus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">total flavonoid.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">total phenolic</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">313-318</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Medicinal plants and vegetables are promising source of antioxidant products. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the phytochemicals and antioxidant activity of leaves and roots of &lt;em&gt;Raphanus sativus &lt;/em&gt;of Saudi origin. Various phytochemicals were screened in n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and aqueous fractions of leaves and roots of &lt;em&gt;Raphanus sativus &lt;/em&gt;using standard protocols and IR screening method. Total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoid (TFC) contents were assessed by Folin-Ciocalteau and aluminium chloride methods respectively. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH antioxidant protocol, using trolox as standard. Results demonstrated that &lt;em&gt;Raphanus sativus&lt;/em&gt; chemically characterized by the availability of various constituents such as flavonoids, steroids, saponins, tannins and carbohydrates at different levels in fractions of leaves and roots of&lt;em&gt; Raphanus sativus&lt;/em&gt; and the absence of cardiac glycosides, anthraquinones and alkaloids which was further confirmed using FTIR analysis. TPC was ranged from (8.92±1.01) and (211.80±1.57) mg GAE/g extract and TFC was ranged from (0.036±0.03) and (11.57±0.60) mg QE/g extract for leaves and roots extracts respectively. Due to the high phenolic and flavonoid content in aqueous and ethyl acetate fractions of leaves and roots extracts , results demonstrated high antioxidant activity with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;: (56.3±1.3) and (69.7±1.8) for aqueous fractions and (47.2±1.5) and (58.7±0.7) for ethyl acetate fractions of leaves and roots extracts respectively Study revealed that ethyl acetate and aqueous fractions of leaves and roots of&lt;em&gt; Raphanus sativus &lt;/em&gt;could develop a potential natural antioxidant herbal remedy. The study recommends future investigation to isolate and identify the bioactive secondary metabolites in &lt;em&gt;Raphanus sativus.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">09</style></accession-num><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">313</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Abdullah Abdulhamid Altaweel*, Abdullah Jalal Alasoom, Hussein Ali Burshed, Marwan Mohamed Alshawush, Hany Ezzat Khalil*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, SAUDI ARABIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fajar Herbowo Niantiarno</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agus Turchan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Myrna Adianti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Budi Utomo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Arifin Parenrengi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdul Hafid Bajamal</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kaempferia galanga L. Extract Administration Attenuate Aquaporin-4 Expression in Traumatic Brain Injury: An Experimental Study in Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ayuverdic medicine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neuroinflammation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neurotrauma</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Post-traumatic cerebral edema</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">893-897</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is still a major health problem in the world. It might cause long-term disability that affect socio-economic life and become nation health burden. Post-traumatic cerebral edema might develop and commit to an unfavorable prognosis. Aquaporin 4 (AQP4) is water channel protein and a key regulator of water metabolism in the brain. Although the mechanism of AQP4 in the regulation of post-traumatic brain edema remains controversial, AQP4-lacking mice show better survival and decreased brain edema. Thus, novel strategies that suppress AQP4 become a potential field. We hypothesized that &lt;em&gt;Kaempferia galanga&lt;/em&gt; L. may suppress brain expression of AQP4 following TBI and possibly limit the development of cerebral edema due to its neuroinflammation properties. &lt;strong&gt;Method:&lt;/strong&gt; We conducted TBI to experimental rats, then given &lt;em&gt;Kaempferia galanga &lt;/em&gt;L. extract at a dose of 600 mg/kg BW and 1200 mg/kg BW. Evaluation intensity of AQP4 expression by immunohistochemistry was performed 24 and 48 hours later to see its therapeutic effect. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Administration of &lt;em&gt;Kaempferia galanga &lt;/em&gt;L. extract at a dose of 1200 mg/kg BW showed weak expression of AQP4 in all samples, both 24 and 48 hours following traumatic brain injury treatment. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions&lt;/strong&gt;: Intensity of AQP4 expression in rats’ brain was lower at 24 and 48 hours after TBI in rats receiving &lt;em&gt;Kaempferia galanga&lt;/em&gt; L. extract with dose 1200 mg/ kg BW compared to the other groups. Our result indicates that &lt;em&gt;Kaempferia galanga &lt;/em&gt;L. might affect the expression of brain AQP4 in a dose-dependent manner.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">893</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fajar Herbowo Niantiarno&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Agus Turchan&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Myrna Adianti&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Budi Utomo&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Arifin Parenrengi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Abdul Hafid Bajamal&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga – Dr. Soetomo Academic General Hospital, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Traditional Medicine Study Program, Department of Health, Faculty of Vocational Studies, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Public Health Science and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inbaraj Susai Domnic</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Faisal Fahad Al Otaibi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Noureldaim Elnoman Elbadawi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prasanna Mohana Bhaskaran</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohammad Azhar Rashikh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dinesh Dimri</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Knowledge and Awareness about Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine Among the Students of College of Medicine, Shaqra university in Dawadmi, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Personalized medicine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacogenetic testing</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacogenomics</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">367-372</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Pharmacogenomics and personalized medicine are the two rapidly emerging areas in medical field which will determine the drug therapy of the future. It is very important for current medical students to be aware of these medical fields and apply these principles in their medical practice. There is huge scope for research in this area, hence an awareness study was conducted among medical students of college of medicine, Shaqra university, Dawadmi.&lt;strong&gt; Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A cross sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted among the medical students of Shaqra university, Dawadmi by self-administered questionnaire. 150 students participated in the study. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Out of the 150 students participated in the study Pharmacogenomics is relevant to my education 25% strongly agree. 45% agreed to recommend pharmacogenomic testing. Familiarity with genetics is only 16% and only 14% are familiar with interpreting results of pharmacogenomic tests. Knowledge testing showed overall less percentage. Only 16% can identify drugs that require pharmacogenomic testing. But 36% are confident to use the results of pharmacogenomics tests to make an appropriate adjustment to a patient’s drug therapy. Knowledge about personalized medicine is 31% with scale of 3 out of 7.40% of students agreed to undergo genetic testing. 52% of the participants agreed to know about their risk for developing genetic based chronic diseases. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;: There is genuine interest and awareness about Pharmacogenomics and Personalized medicine among the medical students but the knowledge is lacking. Hence including these areas in the undergraduate medical curriculum will impart valuable knowledge to the future medical students.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article </style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></accession-num><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">367</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Inbaraj Susai Domnic&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Faisal Fahad Al Otaibi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Noureldaim Elnoman Elbadawi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Prasanna Mohana Bhaskaran&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Mohammad Azhar Rashikh&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Dinesh Dimri&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty, College of Medicine, Shaqra University, Dawadmi, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, SAUDI ARABIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Medical student, College of Medicine, Shaqra University, Dawadmi, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, SAUDI ARABIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">JG Badilla</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MLC Fiangaan</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognostic Evaluation and Acute Toxicity Test of the Formulated Tisane Powder of Gallant Soldier (Galinsoga parviflora Cav., Asteraceae) Aerial Parts from Benguet, Philippines</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">193-204</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Galinsoga parviflora &lt;/em&gt;is a medicinal plant traditionally used to manage and treat various health conditions though the dearth of its scientific report on its pharmacognostic and safety profile remains. &lt;strong&gt;Objective&lt;/strong&gt;: This study is designed to delineate the pharmacognostic and safety parameters of &lt;em&gt;G. parviflora &lt;/em&gt;to ensure its authenticity, purity, quality, and safety. &lt;strong&gt;Methods&lt;/strong&gt;: Qualitative and quantitative analysis, including physicochemical evaluation, macroscopic and microscopic characterization, phytochemical screening, and acute toxicity test, were carried out to establish the plant’s diagnostic features and safety needed for its identification and standardization. For the Acute toxicity test, male and female rats were orally administered with aqueous extract at a single dose of 2000 mg/kg (n=5/sex) and 5000 mg/kg (n=3/sex). All experimental animals were critically observed individually for overt signs and symptoms of toxicity, behavioral changes, body weight changes, and mortality for 14 days.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The physicochemical characterization, macroscopic evaluation, morphometric determination, surface tissue examination, and powder analysis of the intact and powdered drug material revealed key diagnostic features and properties based on the stem, leaf, flower architecture, and pharmaceutical properties. The aqueous extract primarily contains alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, saponins, phytosterols, and tannins as its phytoconstituents. During the acute toxicity test, no toxicological response and mortality were observed on both doses.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study provides vital architectural features and chemical characteristics of G. parviflora essential for establishing pharmacopoeial standards, especially in plantbased medicine. Additionally, the aqueous extract's oral dose of up to 5000 mg/kg is relatively safe as no significant evidence of treatment-related toxicity and mortality is seen.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key Words&lt;/strong&gt;: Acute toxicity, Microscopic, Physicochemical, Phytochemical, Standardization.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">193</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;JG Badilla*, MLC Fiangaan&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmacy, School of Natural Sciences, Saint Louis University, Baguio City, PHILIPPINES.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ace Baehaki</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shanti Dwita Lestari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wiwira Agustina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sintya Dwika Putri</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical Analysis and Antioxidant Activity of Water Hyacinth Flowers (Eichhornia Crassipes) Extract</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reducing ability.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Water Hyacinth Flowers</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">955-957</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;The purpose of this research was to know about phytochemical compounds and antioxidant activity of water hyacinth flowers extract and its potential use as a natural antioxidant. Data analysis was performed descriptively. Research consisted of several stages including sampling, sample preparation, sample extraction, yield of extract, phytochemical analysis (phenols, tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids and saponins), antioxidant activity test with DPPH method and reducing power. The results showed that extracts yield of water hyacinth flowers with n-hexane solvent was 4.95%, ethyl acetate solvent was 1.69%, and highest extracts yiled obtained from methanol was 26.06%. Results of phytochemical compounds analysis showed positive results for phenolic compounds, tannins, flavonoids and saponins. Result of antioxidant activity with DPPH method interpreted within parameters of IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;. IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of Hyacinth flower extract were 1085.31 ppm for n-hexane, 950.71 ppm for ethyl acetate and 35.83 ppm for methanol. Small IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; showed that higher antioxidant activity.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">955</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ace Baehaki*, Shanti Dwita Lestari, Wiwira Agustina, Sintya Dwika Putri&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Study Program of Fisheries Product Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Sriwijaya University, Indralaya, South Sumatera, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohammed Wasel Matar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shahad Mohammed Nasser Alqahtani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Duaa Adnan Alghafli</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdullah Abdulhamid Altaweel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdullah Jalal Alasoom</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hussein Ali Burshed</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marwan Mohamed Alshawush</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hany Ezzat Khalil</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical Approach Including Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Contents and Evaluation of in vitro ABTS Antioxidant Capacity and Lipoxygenase Inhibition of Anisosciadium lanatum</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ABTS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anisosciadium lanatum</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lipoxygenase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">total flavonoid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">total phenolic</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">928-932</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Anisosciadium lanatum&lt;/em&gt; Boiss is commonly known in Bedouins as besbas. Traditional, it is palatable plant and used in medicine of livestock to treat skin conditions . The main objective of current approach was to screen the presence of different kind of metabolites applying standard procedures followed by assessment of total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoids (TFC) contents. In addition, the&lt;em&gt; in vitro &lt;/em&gt;ABTS antioxidant and lipoxygenase activities were evaluated. Different organs (leaves, stems and flowers) of &lt;em&gt;Anisosciadium lanatum&lt;/em&gt; were extracted using 70% methanol to yield total methanol extracts of leaves (TML), stems (TMS) and flowers (TMF). Results demonstrated that TML, TMS and TMF are characterized by the content of different constituents such as flavonoids, phenolics/tannins, steroids, saponins, and carbohydrates at different levels. Ethyl acetate (EA) and butanol (BT) fractions of TML and TMS demonstrated the highest percentage of TPC and TFC. The results demonstrated the competence of EA and BT as free radical scavenger fractions compared to other fractions and its opportunity to contain bioactive antioxidant metabolites . TML, TMS and TMF exhibited Lipoxygenase inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 4.88, 5.40 and 6.05 μg/mL, respectively when compared to that of the positive control baicalein (IC50: 0.27 μg /mL). In conclusion, present investigation highlighted the potential of &lt;em&gt;Anisosciadium lanatum&lt;/em&gt; to be promising candidate with activity against wide range of inflammatory-related diseases.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">928</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mohammed Wasel Matar*, Shahad Mohammed Nasser Alqahtani, Duaa Adnan Alghafli, Abdullah Abdulhamid Altaweel, Abdullah Jalal Alasoom, Hussein Ali Burshed, Marwan Mohamed Alshawush, Hany Ezzat Khalil*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, SAUDI ARABIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Veshalini K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Daryl Jesus Arapoc</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zainah Adam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rosniza Razali</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Noor Azuin Suliman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Noor Azlina Abu Bakar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical Screening, In vitro Antioxidant Activities and Zebrafish Embryotoxicity of Abelmoschus esculentus Extracts</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abelmoschus esculentus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant Capacity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemicals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zebrafish embryotoxicity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">690-701</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Abelmoschus esculentus&lt;/em&gt; (L.) Moench (&lt;em&gt;A. esculentus&lt;/em&gt;) commonly known as okra is being used as a medicinal plant traditionally, due to its phytochemical content that exhibits significant biological activities. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;The present study was undertaken to determine phytochemicals, antioxidant activity and embryotoxic effects of hexane extract (HE), chloroform extract (CE), methanol extract (ME), and aqueous extract (AE) of &lt;em&gt;A. esculentus &lt;/em&gt;cultivated in Malaysia. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;em&gt; A. esculentus&lt;/em&gt; extracts were screened for the phytochemicals while&lt;em&gt; in vitro &lt;/em&gt;antioxidant activities were evaluated by performing 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhidrazyl (DPPH) assay and reducing power assay. Meanwhile, the embryotoxicity were accessed by exposing zebrafish embryos to the extracts and developmental endpoint recorded with median lethal concentration (LC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;)&lt;strong&gt;. Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The phytochemical screening showed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, phenols, saponins, anthraquinones, alkaloids and reducing sugars. The highest phenolic content was obtained in the CE at 143.85 μg (GAE)/mg extract. Whereas the HE depicted the highest flavonoid content at 63.76 μg (QE)/mg extract. At 1000 μg/mL, ME showed the highest free radical scavenging activity at 28.86 % and reducing power at 0.271, in both DPPH and reducing power assay, respectively. While the CE presented a significant embryotoxic effect on zebrafish with the LC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; at 236.07 μg/mL. The morphological malformation of embryos, scoliosis and pericardial oedema were observed at 500 μg/mL of HE and ME treatment. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; As a result, with various ranges of phytochemical compounds, antioxidant capacities and lower toxic effects of&lt;em&gt; A. esculentus &lt;/em&gt;extracts may be efficient in reducing the inflammation precursors that drive chronic inflammatory illnesses.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">28</style></accession-num><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">690</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Veshalini K&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Daryl Jesus Arapoc&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Zainah Adam2, Rosniza Razali&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Noor Azuin Suliman&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Noor Azlina Abu Bakar&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Medical Campus, 20400 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Medical Technology Group, Malaysian Nuclear agency, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, MALAYSIA&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ade Arsianti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arfi Rabbani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anton Bahtiar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Norma Nur Azizah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lince Dameria Nadapdap</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ajeng Megawati Fajrin</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemistry, Antioxidant Activity and Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Black-White Fungus Auricularia sp. against Breast MCF-7 Cancer Cells</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">01-07</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Cancer is a non-communicable disease with over 18.1 million new cases and 9.6 million deaths annually according to WHO. Breast cancer is the number two highest count type of cancer trailing behind lung cancer. Treating cancer is expensive and have various side effects. Active components found in plants or fungi that have antioxidant and cytotoxic activity towards cancer cells, could be an alternative for anticancer. One of the fungi that is potentially developed as an anticancer, are the genus of &lt;em&gt;Auricularia sp&lt;/em&gt;. also known as black-white fungus. This study aims to determine the phytochemicals components, antioxidant activity and cytotoxic effect of the &lt;em&gt;Auricularia sp&lt;/em&gt;. towards MCF-7 breast cancer cells. &lt;strong&gt;Methods&lt;/strong&gt;: Dried black-white fungus of&lt;em&gt; Auricularia sp&lt;/em&gt;. grinded into a fine powder. Then, multilevel maceration is done with the n-hexane, ethyl acetate, ethanol as solvents. The extracts of black-white fungus undergo phytochemical screening and thin layer chromatography (TLC), followed by measuring antioxidant and evaluating the cytotoxic activity towards MCF-7 breast cancer cells. &lt;strong&gt;Results&lt;/strong&gt;: black-white fungus of &lt;em&gt;Auricularia sp.&lt;/em&gt; contained secondary metabolites of flavonoids, alkaloids, and triterpenoids and a total of 17 other phytochemical components. Ethyl acetate extract of black-white fungus showed a weak antioxidant activity towards DPPH free radical with IC50 of 215.51 μg/mL and a very active cytotoxic activity on MCF-7 cells with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of 0.21 μg/mL. On the other hand, ethanol and n-hexane extracts of black-white fungus are categorized with an active cytotoxic activity on MCF-7 cells with IC&lt;sub&gt;50 &lt;/sub&gt;of 29.28 μg/mL and 50.39 μg/mL, respectively.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Black-white fungus &lt;em&gt;Auricularia sp&lt;/em&gt;. that had anticancer activity towards breast MCF-7 cells should be considered as an alternative treatment for breast cancer therapy.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;/strong&gt; Phytochemistry, Antioxidant, Cytotoxicity, Black-white fungus Auricularia sp., MCF-7 cells.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">01</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ade Arsianti&lt;sup&gt;1,2,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Arfi Rabbani&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Anton Bahtiar&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Norma Nur Azizah&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Lince Dameria Nadapdap&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Ajeng Megawati Fajrin&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Drug Development Research Cluster, Indonesia Medical Education and Research Institute (IMERI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Jalan Salemba Raya 6 Jakarta 10430, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Medical Student, Faculty of Medicine University of Indonesia, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Indonesia, Depok, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deepika NP</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shyamala Baragur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mudavath Ravi Naik</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shanker Kalakotla</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhasina KM</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Puja Ghosh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Basavan Duraiswamy</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Preparation of Karkataka Taila, an Edible crab Rasayana, and assessment of its toxicological effects on SH-SY5Y cell line and on Drosophila melanogaster embryos</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Drosophila melanogaster</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rasayana</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SH-SY5Y</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toxicology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Virgin coconut oil.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">423-431</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Karkataka Taila (KT) is a virgin coconut oil (VCO) based Rasayana formulation that is enriched with the flesh of freshwater edible crab, &lt;em&gt;Scylla serrata, &lt;/em&gt;used to treat Parkinson’s Disease (PD) or Kampavata by local Ayurveda practitioners of Kerala state. There is no scientific study carried out on its toxicological effects so far. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To understand the ayurvedic preparation method for KT and assessment of the toxicological effects of the KT and VCO on SH-SY5Y cell lines and&lt;em&gt; Drosophila melanogaster&lt;/em&gt; embryos. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The SH-SY5Y cell lines treated with different concentrations of KT and VCO range from 6.25 μg/ml to 100 μg/ml and&lt;em&gt; Drosophila melanogaster &lt;/em&gt;embryos fed with food containing different concentrations of KT and VCO, ranging from 0.005 % to 10 %. &lt;strong&gt;Results&lt;/strong&gt;: KT and VCO did not show any significant cytotoxicity effect on SH-SY5Y cell lines up to a dose concentration of 25 μg. But, at 50 μg and 100 μg concentrations, KT has shown a cytotoxic effect and it was higher than the VCO. The toxicological analysis in &lt;em&gt;Drosophila&lt;/em&gt; has shown that the survival rate of the KT treated group at concentration ranges from 0.005 % to 10 % is significantly decreased from 78.8 % to 27.7 %, compared to the control group, whereas in VCO treated group, at 0.005 % to 10 %, the survival rate has decreased from 76.2 % to 66 %, which is marginally higher than the KT treated group. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Our findings revealed that as the concentration of Rasayana in the medium increases, there is a noticeable adverse effect on the percentage viability in SH-SY5Y cell lines and in the number of offspring in &lt;em&gt;Drosophila. &lt;/em&gt;The effect of vehicle, VCO, at the same concentration has shown a protective effect on cell lines and flies. It can be concluded that the toxic effect has been observed only at higher concentrations of KT and at the lower concentration, the toxic effect has been minimal.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article </style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">25</style></accession-num><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">423</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Deepika NP&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Shyamala Baragur&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Mudavath Ravi Naik&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Shanker Kalakotla&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhasina KM&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Puja Ghosh&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Basavan Duraiswamy&lt;sup&gt;*,1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Ooty, 643001, The Nilgiris, Tamilnadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Zoology, University of Mysore, Mysore, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Ooty, 643001, The Nilgiris, Tamilnadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agus Purnomo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hartiningsih</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Setyo Budhi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dhirgo Adji</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Devita Anggraeni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dito Anggoro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sitarina Widyarini</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shekhar Chhetri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Thohawi Elziyad Purnama</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Radiographic and Histological Evaluation in Canine Femur after Implantation of 304 Stainless-steel-based Plate</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">304 stainless-steel</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Domesticated animal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Femur</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fracture</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Radiograph</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">388-392</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Fractures are known to be high-risk traumatic cases in domestic animals. Surgery was performed to reposition and immobilize bone using a plate as a biomaterial component. This study aimed to evaluate the radiographic and histological findings in canine femur after implantation of a 304 stainless-steel-based plate. A total of six male dogs aged 3-4 months were used in this study. Dogs were acclimatized for a week and then randomly assigned to 2 groups and 3 replication, respectively. The left femoral diaphysis was cracked and fixed by (A) commercial plate; (B) 304 stainless-steel plate. Radiographic observations were performed at 24 h and 28 d postoperatively during the recovery period. Histological figures were evaluated at 28 d postoperative descriptively. As a result, physical examination of muscle tissue in both groups did not reveal discoloration, swelling, and fluid accumulation around the plate. The radiographic figures presented a slight callus production around the crack and a decrease in the gap between cracks after 28 d. The histological figures observed the proliferation of osteoblasts, osteocytes, connective tissues, and bone trabeculae. It can be concluded that no significant difference between 304 stainlesssteel plate compared to commercial plate. A 304 stainless-steel-based plate is recommended for bone immobilization in canine femoral fractures.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article </style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">20</style></accession-num><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">388</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Agus Purnomo&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Hartiningsih&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Setyo Budhi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Dhirgo Adji&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Devita Anggraeni&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Dito Anggoro&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Sitarina Widyarini&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Shekhar Chhetri&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Thohawi Elziyad Purnama&lt;sup&gt;4,5,*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Animal Science, College of Natural Resources, Royal University of Bhutan, Lobesa, Punakha, BHUTAN.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Division of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;School of Health and Life Sciences, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shafhan Dustur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Joni Wahyuhadi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Budi Utomo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Arifin Parenrengi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdul Hafid Bajamal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sri Ratna Dwiningsih</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Relationship Histopathology Grading of Meningioma with the Use of Medroxyprogesterone Acetate (MPA) as A Hormonal Contraceptive</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Contraception</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grading</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hormonal contraceptive</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medroxyprogesterone acetate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meningioma</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MPA</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neoplasm.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Progesterone</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">938-941</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction&lt;/strong&gt;: Meningioma is a common brain tumor with an incidence of more than 30% of all primary brain tumors in adults. The incidence of meningiomas increases with increasing age, women suffer more from meningiomas with a ratio of 3:1. Meningiomas are known to have steroid receptors in the form of progesterone (88%), estrogen (40%), and androgen (40%). Therefore, the use of hormonal therapy is suspected to affect the incidence and histopathological degree of meningioma. One of the widely used hormonal therapy is &lt;em&gt;medroxyprogesterone&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;acetate&lt;/em&gt; (MPA). However, there is not enough literature to explain the relationship between MPA and the incidence of meningioma. Objective: To identify the relationship between the duration of the use of &lt;em&gt;Medroxyprogesterone acetate&lt;/em&gt; (MPA) hormonal contraceptives and the histopathological degree of meningioma.&lt;strong&gt; Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; This study is an analytic observational with a retrospective design of meningiomas patients based on the duration of use of MPAtype hormonal contraception who performed surgery at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital during the period January 2015 to December 2019. We determined the inclusion criteria for meningioma patients: a history of using MPA hormonal contraceptives or 3-month injectable contraceptives; and the control group: meningioma patients without a history of hormonal contraception. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;There were 452 cases of meningioma and 101 patients met the inclusion criteria. Based on the results of statistical analysis, it was found that there was no difference relationship between the grade of meningioma and meningioma patients either using MPA or without using MPA. There was no difference in duration of use between the group using MPA &amp;lt;10 years or more than 10 years with the non-hormonal control group on meningioma grading (p = 0.772). There was also no difference relationship between the group that did not use hormonal contraception and the MPA group on the age of the patient (p = 0.217), both using contraception for &amp;lt;10 years and more than 10 years. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;There was no relationship found between histopathological degree of meningioma with the patients who use MPA contraceptives, both duration of use &amp;lt;10 years and ≥10 years compared with meningioma patients who do not use MPA contraception.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">938</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Shafhan Dustur&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Joni Wahyuhadi&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Budi Utomo&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Arifin Parenrengi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Abdul Hafid Bajamal&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Sri Ratna Dwiningsih&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Neurosurgery, Universitas Airlangga – Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, East Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Universitas Airlangga – Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, East Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Universitas Airlangga – Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, East Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Angelina V. Strelyaeva</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anna G. Kharitonova</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Larisa B. Vaskova</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alexander N. Luferov</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dmitry O. Bokov</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alina A. Bondar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Natalia V. Bobkova</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nevena Jeremic</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yulia B. Lazareva</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alla M. Antsyshkina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tatiana V. Prostodusheva</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Roman M. Kuznetsov</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research on External Signs and Chemical Composition of Medicinal Plant Raw Material -Leaves of Ficus Elastica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chromato-mass spectrometry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ficus elastic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Methyl</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytol</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vitamin E.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">б-D-Glucopyranoside</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">958-972</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ficus elastica &lt;/em&gt;is a species of the plant in the genus Ficus, from the family Moraceae. &lt;em&gt;Ficus elastica,&lt;/em&gt; which is the object of our study, has been used for many years in phytodesign, however in terms of medicine, it remains a poorly studied plant. While studying the external signs and chemical composition of medicinal plant raw materials of leaves&lt;em&gt; Fícus elastica&lt;/em&gt;, chromato-mass spectrometry was used. During the process of studying, some diagnostic signs of&lt;em&gt; Ficus elastica&lt;/em&gt; were identified. Chromato-mass spectrometry was used to identify 68 compounds. The maximum amount was accounted for &lt;em&gt;б-D-Glucopyranoside&lt;/em&gt;, methyl (28,99%), Phytol (9,90%), 2-Hydroxy-3-methylsuccinic acid (6,93%), Lanosterol (6,13%), Hydroquinone (5,55%), 9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid, ethyl ester, (Z,Z,Z)- (4,86%), Lup-20(29)-en-3- one (4,17%), 1,2-Benzenediol (3,33%), Lupeol (2,95%), 16-Allopregnene-3б,9а-diol-20-one 3-O-acetate (2,77%), 9-Octadecenamide, (Z)- (2,67%), 9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid, (Z,Z,Z)- (2,05%), з-Sitosterol (1,84%), а-d-Lyxofuranoside, methyl (1,57%), Dasycarpidan-1-methanol, acetate (ester) (1,52%), n-Hexadecanoic acid (1,45%), Hexadecanoic acid, ethyl ester (1,33%), 1,8-Dioxacyclohexadecane-2,10- dione, 5,6:12,13-diepoxy-8,16-dimethyl- (1,15%), &lt;em&gt;Vitamin E&lt;/em&gt; (0,64%). Identified morphological features of the leaves of &lt;em&gt;Ficus elastica &lt;/em&gt;can be used in diagnosis of this species and may help to develop indicators of authenticity for promising medicinal leaves. As mentioned earlier, by means of chromato-mass spectrometry were identified 68 compounds, and the relative percentage of identified compounds was determined using a simple normalization method.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">958</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Angelina V. Strelyaeva&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Anna G. Kharitonova&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Larisa B. Vaskova&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Alexander N. Luferov&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Dmitry O. Bokov&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Alina A. Bondar&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Natalia V. Bobkova&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Nevena Jeremic&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Yulia B. Lazareva&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Alla M. Antsyshkina&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Tatiana V. Prostodusheva&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Roman M. Kuznetsov&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8, Trubetskaya St., bldg. 2, 119991, Russian Federation, RUSSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, SERBIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anita Kumari Tharu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mukti Ram Paudel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ananda Prakash Joshi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laxman Bhandari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hari Prasad Aryal</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Screening of Secondary Metabolites and Antioxidant Activity of Wild Edible Termite Mushroom</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DPPH assay</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">phenolic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Termite mushroom</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">301-307</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Wild edible mushrooms produce a variety of bioactive compounds that are known to have antioxidant properties. Natural antioxidants can protect against oxidative induced free radicals without any side effects. Thus, they are consumed by people for food and nutraceutical values. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the phytochemicals and antioxidant activity of three wild edible termite mushrooms (&lt;em&gt;Termitomyces albuminosus, T. eurhizus and T. robustus&lt;/em&gt;). Different phytochemicals were screened in the 50% ethanol, methanol and water extracts of three termite mushrooms. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined by Folin-Ciocalteau and aluminium chloride method respectively. The antioxidant activity of three termite mushrooms was evaluated by DPPH assay. Qualitative screening of phytochemicals has revealed that alkaloid, steroid, fatty acid, flavonoid, saponin, tannin, carbohydrate and protein are found in the 50% ethanol, methanol and water extracts of three species of termite mushroom. A high amount of total phenolic and flavonoid content was found in the 50% ethanol extract of&lt;em&gt; T. albuminosus, T. eurhizus and T. robustus&lt;/em&gt; (TPC: 50.28, 54.56 and 57.63 mg GAE/g extract; TFC: 16.30, 18.43 and 18.80 mg QE/g extract respectively). Due to high phenolic and flavonoid content, 50% ethanol extract of three termite mushrooms has shown high antioxidant activity (i.e., lowest IC50: 710.00 - 714.05 μg/ml). These termite mushrooms have antioxidant properties due to the presence of bioactive secondary metabolites that can potentially be used as a source of natural antioxidants in the form of food and nutraceutical.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">301</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Anita Kumari Tharu&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Mukti Ram Paudel&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ananda Prakash Joshi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Laxman Bhandari&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Hari Prasad Aryal&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Central Department of Botany, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, NEPAL.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Ayshwarya Multiple Campus, Dhangadhi, KAILALI.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;National Medicines Laboratory, Department of Drug Administration, Ministry of Health and Population, Kathmandu, NEPAL&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Asmae Alaoui Belghiti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohamed Yafout</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soukaina Bennis</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amal Ait Haj Said</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Survey on Aromatherapy Among Healthcare Professionals in Morocco</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aromatherapy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Essential oils</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Healthcare professionals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morocco</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Survey</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">666-670</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Herbal remedies and more particularly essential oils are increasingly used throughout the world. In Morocco, the practice of aromatherapy is becoming more and more important, but the knowledge, attitudes, and expectations of healthcare professionals towards essential oils have never been studied. &lt;strong&gt;Aim:&lt;/strong&gt; To assess the attitudes, knowledge, and expectations towards essential oils and aromatherapy of Moroccan healthcare professionals. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;We conducted a survey among 205 Moroccan healthcare professionals from different categories using an anonymous electronic questionnaire. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The participants to our survey have a good general knowledge and 47.8% of the them have already prescribed or advised essential oils. However, only 10.2% of them considered essential oils as widely available. Moreover, only 3.9% of the respondents judged their theoretical knowledge of essential oils and aromatherapy as perfect, 36.6% considered the lack of information in this field as the limiting factor in prescribing and advising essential oils, and 88.3% were in favor of integrating aromatherapy into their basic training course. The prescription or advice of essential oils are statistically correlated with age, profession, factors mentioned as limiting the prescription and advice of essential oils, and the theoretical knowledge. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Empowering healthcare professionals’ capacities could help them overcome their fears and enable them to offer aromatherapy advice to their patients with confidence. This could also help to expand the use of essential oils in Moroccan healthcare facilities.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">666</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Asmae Alaoui Belghiti&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Mohamed Yafout&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Soukaina Bennis&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Amal Ait Haj Said&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;PhD Student, Laboratory of drug sciences, biomedical research, and biotechnology. Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy. Hassan II University of Casablanca, MOROCCO.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Resident in industrial pharmacy, Laboratory of drug sciences, biomedical research, and biotechnology. Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University of Casablanca, MOROCCO.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Assistant professor of pharmacognosy, Laboratory of drug sciences, biomedical research, and biotechnology. Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University of Casablanca, MOROCCO.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Professor of pharmacognosy, Laboratory of drug sciences, biomedical research, and biotechnology. Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University of Casablanca, MOROCCO.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yosua Butar Butar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Puspa Wardhani</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thalassemia β Major in Confirmed Covid-19 Patient: A Case Report</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COVID-19</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Infection</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Preventable Death</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thalassemia</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">445-449</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;The incidence of Thalassemia with confirmed Covid 19 is very rare. The aim of this study is to know the prognosis and evaluate the management of therapy in thalassemia β Mayor patients with COVID-19. This case study describes the progression of Thalassemia β Mayor with COVID 19 starting from how to establish the diagnosis of Thalassemia β Mayor and COVID 19 until how to treat thalassemia β Mayor patients with COVID-19 This case study result describes that COVID 19 aggravates thalassemia β Mayor. Infection can adversely affect thalassemia. Giving Blood transfusions must be done due to anemia in Thalassemia, but it will have an impact on the accumulation of iron in the body which will increase the severity of the infection. The administration of iron-chelation drugs is beneficial for Covid but on the other hand, it is contraindicated in Thalassemia patients.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Case Report</style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">27</style></accession-num><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">445</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yosua Butar Butar&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Puspa Wardhani&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;F1Clinical Pathology Specialist Medicine Academic Program, Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University/Dr. Soetomo General Regional Hospital, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University/Dr. Soetomo General Regional Hospital, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fathul Djannah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Nasrum Massi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mochammad Hatta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agussalim Bukhari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Irda Handayani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Faruk</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anny Setijo Rahaju</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Virgin coconut oil and tuberculosis: A mini-review</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mycobacterium tuberculosis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tuberculosis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Virgin coconut oil</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">464-469</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Virgin coconut oil is widely promoted and used as healthy and beneficial oil. One of them is caused by antimicrobials. Caprylic, caproic acid, capric acid, lauric acid and tau glyceryl monolaurate are other VCO compositions. Furthermore, due to the non-heating manufacturing process, the content in VCO can reduce cholesterol levels of triglycerides, LDL, phospholipids, VLDL and increase HDL in blood serum. VCO consumption lowers the number of&lt;em&gt; Mycobacterium tuberculosis &lt;/em&gt;colonies while increasing the conversion of BTA sputum. Until now, the prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) disease was extremely high. VCO can be used as a supplement to help TB patients recover faster.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mini-Review</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">464</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fathul Djannah&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Nasrum Massi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Mochammad Hatta&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Agussalim Bukhari&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Irda Handayani&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Faruk&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Anny Setijo Rahaju&lt;sup&gt;6,7&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Mataram, Mataram, West Nusa Tenggara INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar South Sulawesi, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar South Sulawesi, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar South Sulawesi, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Surgeon, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar South Sulawesi, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Universitas Airlangga Academic Hospital, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eshetu Dagne</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Beyene Dobo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zufan Bedewi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial Activity of Papaya (Carica papaya) Leaf and Seed Extracts Against Some Selected Gram-Positive and Gram- Negative Bacteria</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bacterial pathogens</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carica papaya</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medicinal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MIC.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1727-1733</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Medicinal plants are well-known natural sources of remedies, used in the treatment of innumerable diseases since antiquity. Wide range of medicinal plant extracts are used to treat several infections as they have potential antimicrobial activity. &lt;strong&gt;Objectives:&lt;/strong&gt; This study was aimed to investigate antibacterial activity of Carica papaya leaf and seed with different solvents against Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria. The leaves and seeds of &lt;em&gt;Carica papaya&lt;/em&gt; were dried, powdered and extracted with 80% of Acetone, Ethanol, Methanol and water. Disc diffusion method was used for the antibacterial assay and measuring the zone of inhibition, and the MIC was determined by broth macro dilution method. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The highest percent yield of crude extract72.5% was obtained from Carica papaya leaf with Methanol, Ethanol and Acetone as solvents while, the lowest yield 24% was obtained from Carica papaya seed with Acetone extract. All Crude extracts from the different plant parts showed antibacterial activity. Accordingly, Carica papaya Seed with Ethanol extract exhibited the highest antibacterial activity 14.3±1.2 (mm) against &lt;em&gt;P. aeruginosa&lt;/em&gt; which was lower than standard antibiotic disc Ciprofloxacin with inhibition zone of 25.9 ±0.00 (mm), while the lowest inhibition of 3.8±0.5 (mm) was recorded from Carica papaya leaf with Ethanol crude extract against &lt;em&gt;E. coli&lt;/em&gt;. The MIC of 12.5mg/ml was observed from Ethanol crude extract of Carica papaya seed on &lt;em&gt;P. aeruginosa&lt;/em&gt;. Crude seed extract of Ethanol showed the highest antibacterial activity. The results of the antibacterial assay of the crude extract of &lt;em&gt;Carica papaya&lt;/em&gt; (leaf and seed) with four different solvents showed zone of inhibition against all tested bacteria. However, among the plant parts of Carica papaya included in the current study, the seed of Carica papaya were found to be the best source of antibacterial agents. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; In this study, limited (only leaf and seed parts) of Carica papaya was tested for its antimicrobial activity. So, the same work should be carried out on different parts of C&lt;em&gt;arica papaya&lt;/em&gt; plant like; bark, root, flower and fruits on antibacterial activities so, as to have a clear picture of the spectrum of antibacterial activity of the plant.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1727</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Eshetu Dagne, Beyene Dobo*, Zufan Bedewi&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;College of Natural and Computational Science, Department of Biology, Hawassa University, ETHIOPIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Roberto O Ybañez-Julca</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ivan M Quispe-Díaz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Daniel Asunción-Alvarez</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kelly Sánchez-Muñoz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Albert Vargas-Goñas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jazminy Morote-Guzman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ronald Yaro-Marcelo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Edmundo A Venegas-Casanova</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rafael Jara-Aguilar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pedro Buc Calderon</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Julio Benites</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antidepressant-Like Behavioral and Spatial Memory Effects in Peruvian Red Maca (Lepidium meyenii)-Treated Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antidepressant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forced swimming test</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lepidium meyenii</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morris water maze test</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Red Maca</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spatial memory</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">81-88</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Lepidium meyenii&lt;/em&gt;, known with the vernacular name of “Maca”, is a Brassicaceae family that has been widely used by Peruvian traditional medicine in cases of sexual dysfunction, memory loss, and several other diseases and pathologies. &lt;strong&gt;Objetive: &lt;/strong&gt;The aim of the study was to test the potential effects of aqueous extract of Red Maca (AQ-RM) on antidepressant-like behavioral in male rats and spatial memory in ovariectomized (OVX) rats.&lt;strong&gt; Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Forced swimming test was used to examine the potential antidepressant AQ-RM activity in male rats. Fluoxetine and amitryptiline were included as reference drugs. Morris Water Maze test was employed to examine the effect of AQ-RM on spatial memory in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Such effects were compared to exogenous estradiol administration. The potential role of oxidative stress on spatial memory loss was assessed by measuring malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in rats brain homogenates.&lt;strong&gt; Results: &lt;/strong&gt;AQ-RM enhances swimming and climbing activities while reducing the time of immobility in male rats. Meanwhile, it prevents the decrease in the time spent in the target quadrant and displays higher values in the number of crossings in OVX-rats as compared to OVX-control rats. MDA levels in brain homogenates were decreased in OVX-rats receiving AQ-RM. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Oral administration of AQ-RM has anti-depressive application in male rats; and increases the ability of learning and memory in OVX rats.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">81</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Roberto O. Ybañez-Julca&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ivan M. Quispe-Díaz&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Daniel Asunción- Alvarez&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Kelly Sánchez-Muñoz&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Albert Vargas-Goñas&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Jazminy Morote-Guzman&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ronald Yaro- Marcelo&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Edmundo A. Venegas- Casanova&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Rafael Jara-Aguilar&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Pedro Buc Calderon&lt;sup&gt;2,3&lt;/sup&gt;, Julio Benites&lt;sup&gt;1,2,&lt;/sup&gt;*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, Trujillo, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique, CHILE.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Research Group in Metabolism and Nutrition, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, BELGIUM.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Afriwardi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rahmatul Nazmi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dwisari Dillasamola</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elsa Badriyya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yufri Aldi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-inflammatory Activity of Pegagan Embun (Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam.) Plant Extract on Topical Application</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-inflammatory</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Exudate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gel</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ketoprofen</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leukocytes</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">411-417</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Pegagan embun (&lt;em&gt;Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides&lt;/em&gt; Lam.) is traditionally known to have many benefits, including anti-inflammatory.&lt;strong&gt; Aims:&lt;/strong&gt; This study aimed to determine the activity of ethanol extract of Pegagan Embun as an anti-inflammatory using the granuloma pouch method. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; This experiment used 25 male white mice and were divided into five groups, namely, the positive control group, &lt;em&gt;Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides &lt;/em&gt;Lam. extract group with concentration 0.5%; 1%; 2%, and the comparison group that given Kaltrofen® gel containing 2.5% ketoprofen. Experimental animals were given carrageenan 2% to induced the inflammation subcutaneously. The dosage form was given as much as 0.2 g topically for four days once a day. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Based on the results of one-way ANOVA analysis and Duncan's test, there were significant differences in exudate volume and total leukocytes (p&amp;lt;0.05) in the positive control group, extract with concentration 0.5%, 1%, 2%, and the comparator. While the percentage of leukocyte cells showed that they were not significantly different (p&amp;gt;0.05), the number of neutrophil cells decreased. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; From the overall data obtained, it can be concluded that the extract of &lt;em&gt;Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides&lt;/em&gt; Lam. at concentration 0.5 %; 1%; 2%, has an anti-inflammatory effect.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">411</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Afriwardi&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Rahmatul Nazmi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Dwisari Dillasamola&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Elsa Badriyya&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Yufri Aldi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, Andalas University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fitri Santy Budiarso</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berna Elya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Hanafi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andy Howard Limengan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ratika Rahmasari</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant Activity of Methanol Fractions Stem Bark of Kayu Sarampa (Xylocarpus moluccensis (Lam.) M. Roen))</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DPPH</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FRAP</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kayu Sarampa</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1694-1701</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Methanol extract of X. moluccensis was found to be significantly effective in scavenging DPPH method. Therefore, this research is a follow-up research study from Budiarso et al (2020).. The methanol extract was then fractionated and tested for antioxidant activity. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To assess antioxidants activity of methanolic fractions from stem bark of Kayu Sarampa. &lt;strong&gt;Method:&lt;/strong&gt; The Stem bark was extracted with Reflux method using hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol as solvent. The methanolic extract was fractionated using a chromatographic column were subjected to the antioxidant activity assay by the 2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and the ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) method. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;F3 Fractions IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of &lt;em&gt;X. moluccensis &lt;/em&gt;exhibits the highest DPPH scavenging activity compared with F2, F3, ascorbic acis as control positif, F5, and F4, wich are 4.64, 6.79, 9.69, 10.49, and 227.44 respectively and Ferric reducing power from methanolic fraction of &lt;em&gt;X. moluccensis&lt;/em&gt; stembark F3 exhibits higher antioxidant power compared to F2, F1, F5, ascorbic acid and F4, respectively which are 667.8 μmol/gr, 607.8 μmol/gr, and 573.8 340.48 and 309.8 μmol/gr, respectively&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1694</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fitri Santy Budiarso1, Berna Elya&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Muhammad Hanafi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Andy Howard Limengan&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Ratika Rahmasari&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI Depok, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;National Research and Innovation Agency, University of Pancasila, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, Ubaya University, Raya Rungkut, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anton Bahtiar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Putri Sagita Utami</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Melati Raisa Noor</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Antioxidant Effects of the Ethanolic Extract of Binahong Leaves Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction Rat Model</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anredera cordifolia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Binahong</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chronic kidney injury</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">185-188</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Chronic kidney injury produced free radicals. In a previous study, the ethanolic extract of binahong leaves (&lt;em&gt;Anredera cordifolia&lt;/em&gt; (Ten.) Steenis) has a flavonoid content, quercetin, a protective free radical effect. This study aims to determine the impact of binahong leaves against chronic kidney damage in Sprague Dawley rats. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; To this end, we developed a chronic kidney injury animal model by Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction (UUO) method. We randomly divided rats into six groups. Group I is the Sham group; Group II is the negative control group; Group III is the positive control group (losartan 1.18 mg/kg BW); Group IV is Dose I of binahong leaves extract 75 mg/kg BW); Group V is Dose II binahong leaves extract 150 mg/kg BW); Group VI is Dose III binahong leaves extract 300 mg/kg BW). We administered losartan and binahong extracts on day 14 after UUO treatment. The plasma was examined for the superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme activity, catalase enzyme activity, and malondialdehyde (MDA). All statistical analyzes were processed using the Statistical Program of Social Sciences (SPSS) software for Windows, version 16. The measured values of the parameters were expressed in mean ± SD. The difference test between groups was evaluated by ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) followed by LSD (Least Significant Difference) with a degree of significance (p) &amp;lt;0.05 if the data distribution was normal and homogeneous. If the distribution of data is not normal and not homogeneous use non-parametric Kruskal Wallis analysis. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The results showed that UUO produced high MDA levels, whereas SOD activity and catalase activity were decreased compared with the Sham group. Administration of binahong extracts could reduce the MDA amount and increased the SOD and catalase activity. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Binahong leaves extracts showed antioxidant activity to prevent kidney injury in UUO model rats.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">185</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Anton Bahtiar*, Putri Sagita Utami, Melati Raisa Noor &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI Depok, 16424, West Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Noor Zarina Abd Wahab</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aziah Azizul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Norhidayah Badya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nazlina Ibrahim</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiviral Activity of an Extract from Leaves of the Tropical Plant Cynometra cauliflora</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">(3-(4</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide); virucidal.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cynometra cauliflora</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Herpes simplex virus type 1</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">plaque reduction assay</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">752-757</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cynometra cauliflora&lt;/em&gt; is a species of tree in the family Fabaceae and has been used in folk medicinal preparation. &lt;strong&gt;Objectives:&lt;/strong&gt; In this study, &lt;em&gt;Cynometra cauliflora &lt;/em&gt;methanolic leaves extract was tested against clinical isolate herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1). &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The leaves of &lt;em&gt;C. cauliflora&lt;/em&gt; plant was extracted using methanol extraction method. Cytotoxicity was assessed using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Plaque reduction assays were carried out to evaluate the antiviral activity of&lt;em&gt; C. cauliflora&lt;/em&gt; extract against HSV-1. These include post-treatment, pre-treatment and virucidal assays. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The value of cytotoxic concentration, CC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of&lt;em&gt; C. cauliflora&lt;/em&gt; extract was 36 mg/ mL. High antiviral activity was observed in post-treatment. &lt;em&gt;C. cauliflora &lt;/em&gt;extract treatment was found to not interfere directly to infectious particle and confer mild protection when given as prophylaxis. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; This study provides important novel insights on the phytomedicinal properties of &lt;em&gt;C. cauliflora&lt;/em&gt; extracts on HSV-1.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">752</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Noor Zarina Abd Wahab&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Aziah Azizul1, Norhidayah Badya&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Nazlina Ibrahim&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan, Bangi, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paul Alan Arkin Alvarado-García</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marilú Roxana Soto-Vásquez</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Luis Enrique Rosales-Cerquin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Demetrio Rafael Jara-Aguilar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Santiago M. Benites</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anxiolytic-like Effect of Luma chequen Essential Oil: A Pilot Study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anxiety</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Essential oil</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Luma chequeen.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1607-1613</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Essential oils are complex substances used widely extended in the form of aromatherapy or phytotherapy, some of them as agents to relieve anxiety and stress. In this sense this study was conducted to examine the anxiolytic-like effect of Luma chequen essential oil. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The essential oil was extracted by steam distillation and the chemical composition was investigated by Gas chromatography with flame-ionization detection (GC-FID) and Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Moreover, a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted, where 48 participants were divided into two groups, comprising a control group (CG) treated with placebo, and an experimental group (EG) treated with aromatherapy based on Luma chequen essential oil. The anxiety index was evaluated by State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Measures were taken at two times: pretest and posttest.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The chemical analysis showed that α-pinene was the main component (56.5%). State and Trait anxiety scores showed a decrease in posttest study phase in comparison with pretest in experimental group compared to placebo (p&amp;lt;0.005 for state anxiety and p&amp;lt;0.05 for trait anxiety). Cohen`s d score was 0.84 in State anxiety, while it was 0.52 for Trait anxiety. Percentages of change showed reductions of anxiety variable ranging between 14.94% for State anxiety and 13.60% for Trait anxiety. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;These results suggest that aromatherapy based on essential oil of Luma chequen was moderately effective in improving anxiety.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1607</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Paul Alan Arkin Alvarado-García&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;,*, Marilú Roxana Soto-Vásquez&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Luis Enrique Rosales-Cerquin&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Demetrio Rafael Jara-Aguilar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Santiago M. Benites&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Universidad Autónoma del Perú. Escuela de Psicología. Lima, Perú.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, Trujillo, PERÚ.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Escuela de Medicina. Universidad César Vallejo, Trujillo, PERÚ. 4Universidad Autónoma del Perú. Lima, PERÚ&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marilú Roxana Soto-Vásquez</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Madeleine Vanessa Horna -Pinedo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Luciana R Tallini</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jaume Bastida</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemical Composition and In Vitro Antiplasmodial Activity of the Total Alkaloids of the Bulbs of Two Amaryllidaceae Species from Northern Peru</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clinanthus incarnatus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clinanthus ruber</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plasmodium falciparum</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1046-1052</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; The amaryllidaceae family is characterized by presenting alkaloids with powerful pharmacological activities, including antiprotozoal activity. The aim of the present work was to determine the chemical composition and evaluate the in vitro antiplasmodial activity of the total alkaloids of the bulbs of two amaryllidaceae species from northern Perú. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The total alkaloids were extracted from the bulbs using an acid-base extraction. The chemical composition of the total alkaloids was determined by GC-MS, using galantamine as a reference standard. It was investigated the in vitro antiplasmodial activity against &lt;em&gt;Plasmodium falciparum&lt;/em&gt; FCR-3 strain (chloroquine-resistant). &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; 8 alkaloids were identified in the bulbs of &lt;em&gt;Clinanthus incarnatus&lt;/em&gt;: lycorine, galanthamine, galanthine, vittatine/crinine, hippamine, 3-O-acetylpowelline, 11,12-dehydroanhydrolycorine, 1-O-acetyllycorine with values of 19.73; 14.99; 10.36; 10.22; 10.16; 10.14; 10.04; 9.85 μg GAL/100 mg of total alkaloid (TA) respectively and 6 alkaloids in the bulbs of &lt;em&gt;Clinanthus ruber:&lt;/em&gt; lycorine, anhydrolycorine, 11,12-dehydroanhydrolycorine, 2,4-didehydro-2-dehydroxylycorine, 8-0-dimethylmaritidine, hippamine, with values of 70.2; 18; 4.15; 3.45; 6.8 and 0.1 μg GAL/100 mg TA respectively. The total alkaloids of the species of C. incarnatus and &lt;em&gt;C. ruber&lt;/em&gt; at concentrations of 1.0; 2.5; 5.0; 10.0; 25.0 and 50.0 μg/ml presented inhibition percentages of 23.5 ± 0.46% to 94 ± 0.56% against &lt;em&gt;P. falciparum&lt;/em&gt; with (p &amp;lt;0.05). They also presented IC&lt;sub&gt;50 &lt;/sub&gt;0.375 μg/ml (C. incarnatus) and IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; 0.241 μg / ml (&lt;em&gt;C. ruber&lt;/em&gt;). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The main component of total alkaloids of the bulbs of two species was lycorine, in adittion, these species showed in vitro antiplasmoidal activity against Plasmodium falciparum FCR-3 strain at the doses tested.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1046</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Marilú Roxana Soto-Vásquez&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Madeleine Vanessa Horna -Pinedo&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Luciana R. Tallini&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Jaume Bastida&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, Trujillo, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga 2752, Porto Alegre RS 90610- 000, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Departament de Biologia, Sanitat i Medi Ambient, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rima Farah AOUAD</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mokhtaria Yasmina BOUFADI</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Djallal Eddine Houari ADLI</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Faiza MOULAI-HACENE</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Khaled KAHLOULA</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Miloud SLIMANI</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemical Composition and Protective Effect of Rosmarinus officinalis on Alcohol-Induced Serum Hepatic Changes and Liver Injury in Male Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ethylism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hepatotoxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HPLC/UV</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liver stress oxidatives</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rosmarinus officinalis</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1205-1215</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Is a pleasant-smelling perennial shrub that grows in many parts of the world, &lt;em&gt;Rosmarinus officinalis &lt;/em&gt;a well known valuable herbal medicine which is widely used in pharmaceuticals and traditional medicine as a digestive, tonic, astringent, diuretic, diaphoretic and useful for urinary ailments. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;The objective of this study has, on the one hand, focused on the changes in hepatotoxicity induced by the chronic administration of ethyl alcohol according to a biochemical and histological experimental approach and, on the other hand, on the chemical composition which was determined. As well as, the hepato-protective effect of the ethanolic extract of &lt;em&gt;Rosmarinus officinalis &lt;/em&gt;(EER), whether to restore or not the harmful alterations due to ethylism was evaluated. &lt;strong&gt;Method: &lt;/strong&gt;The study included twenty-four male Wistar albino rats which were divided into four groups. The rats received ethanolic extraction of &lt;em&gt;Rosmarinus officinalis&lt;/em&gt; orally at a dose of 200 mg/kg. Hepatotoxicity was induced orally with a daily dose of 05 mL of 20% alcoholic solution for 90 days. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The chemical characterization of the ethanolic extract of&lt;em&gt; Rosmarinus officinalis &lt;/em&gt;(EER) by HPLC/UV shows the presence of polyphenolic compounds and numerous flavonoids, the main constituent of which is rosmarinic acid. It was noticed that the Ethanol caused an increase in liver function parameters (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, triglyceride and cholesterol, total bilirubin) compared to the control and oxidative stress through a significant decrease in antioxidant liver enzymes Superoxidase dismutase (9.39 U/mg), glutathione peroxidase (12.89 U/mg) and catalase (25.39 U/mg) and increased malondialdehyde levels. The histological study showed significant lesions in the liver. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The disturbances in liver function, antioxidant status and structural damage to the liver caused by ethanol have been restored by the administration of the ethanolic extract of&lt;em&gt; Rosmarinus officinalis &lt;/em&gt;which strongly justifies its therapeutic effect.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1205</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rima Farah AOUAD&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Mokhtaria Yasmina BOUFADI&lt;sup&gt;2,3,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Djallal Eddine Houari ADLI&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Faiza Moulai-Hacene&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Khaled KAHLOULA&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Miloud SLIMANI&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Biotoxicology, Pharmacognosy and Biological Valorisation of plants (LBPVBP). Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Moulay Tahar University, Saida, ALGERIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Bioeconomics, Food Safety and Health, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Life, Université de Abdelhamid Ibn Badis, Mostaganem, ALGERIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, BELGIUM.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mokhtaria Yasmina BOUFADI</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soumia KEDDARI</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Faiza MOULAI-HACENE</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sara CHAA</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemical Composition, Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Salvia Officinalis Extract from Algeria</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biomarkers of inflammation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HPLC/UV</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lipoperoxydation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oxydative stress</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salvia officinalis</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">506-515</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Due to its flavoring and seasoning properties, &lt;em&gt;Salvia officinalis &lt;/em&gt;has been widely used in the preparation of many foods. In folk medicine in Asia and Latin America, it has been used for the treatment of various types of disorders, including seizures, ulcers, rheumatism, inflammation, dizziness, and high blood sugar. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;The purpose of this study is to determine the chemical composition by HPLC/UV, antioxidant activity and lipid peroxidation; thus the, the anti-inflammatory effect of the ethanolic extract of &lt;em&gt;Salvia officinalis &lt;/em&gt;(EES) on certain homeostatic parameters, inflammatory biomarkers and antioxidant status in Wistar rats subjected to inflammation induced by carrageenan. &lt;strong&gt;Method:&lt;/strong&gt; Male rats (&lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt; = 24) were exposed to inflammation of the peritoneal by carrageenan (200 μL: 2%) and treated for 5 days with ethanolic extract of &lt;em&gt;Salvia officinalis&lt;/em&gt; (EES) in order to repair the damage caused by inflammation on homeostasis, TNF-α and PGE2. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The results of scavenging of DPPH and lipoperoxidation of the extract, showed an IC&lt;sub&gt;50 &lt;/sub&gt;of 29.69 ± 1.32 and 46.17 ± 1.51 μg/mL, respectively. The identification of EEC by HPLC shows the presence of polyphenolic acids (salvianolic acid, rosmarinic acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid) and many flavonoids (Cirsimaritin, Catechin, Acacetin, kaempferol, pinocembrine, quercetin). Salvia extract contains 221.08 ± 2.36 mg EAG/g and 80.54 ± 1.3 mg EQ/g dry extract. Compared to the control group, carrageenan induced a substantial decrease (P&amp;lt;0.05) in antioxidant enzymes and a highly significant increase (P&amp;lt;0.05) in homeostatic parameters (blood sugar, CRP and fibrinogen), biomarkers of inflammation (TNF-α and PGE2) and malondialdehyde levels. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The administration of Salvia extract corrects this perturbation where there is an improvement in antioxidant enzymes and a decrease in biomarkers of inflammation. &lt;em&gt;Salvia officinalis&lt;/em&gt; has been able to repair carrageenin-induced perturbations homeostasis and inflammation markers in Wistar rats.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">506</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mokhtaria Yasmina BOUFADI&lt;sup&gt;1,2,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Soumia KEDDARI&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Faiza MOULAIHACENE&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Sara CHAA&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Beneficial Microorganisms, Functional Food and Health (LMBAFS). Faculty of Natural Sciences and Life. Abdelhamid Ibn Badis University, Mostaganem, ALGERIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Libre University, Brussels, BELGIUM.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sharada L Deore</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shital R Ingole</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bhushan A Baviskar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anjali A kide</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Comparative Pharmacognostical, Phytochemical and Biological Evaluation of Five Ocimum Species</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ocimum americanum</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ocimum basilicum</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ocimum gratissimum</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ocimum kilimandscharicum</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ocimum sanctum</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">463-474</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;There are about 150 species of &lt;em&gt;Ocimum&lt;/em&gt; in the world and out of that 68 species are found in India. Comparative pharmacognostic study of these &lt;em&gt;Ocimum&lt;/em&gt; species is unspecified. Growing demand of &lt;em&gt;Ocimum&lt;/em&gt; plants demands quality standards for correct identification of desired &lt;em&gt;Ocimum &lt;/em&gt;species. &lt;strong&gt;Objectives:&lt;/strong&gt; Hence aim of present study is to establish comparative pharmacognostical, phytochemical and biological standards for most commonly found and morphologically confusing five species of &lt;em&gt;Ocimum&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Macroscopic, microscopic, preliminary phytochemical evaluations, extraction of essential oils, TLC analysis, &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; antioxidant and antimicrobial potency of selected five species carried out and compared. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; This comparative study reports that &lt;em&gt;O. sanctum&lt;/em&gt; should be preferred in medicine use among selected five species based on phytochemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial potency.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">463</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sharada L Deore*, Shital R. Ingole, Bhushan A Baviskar, Anjali A. kide&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Govt. College of Pharmacy, Amravati-444 604, Maharashtra, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soumia KEDDARI</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mokhtaria Yasmina BOUFADI</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meriem MOKHTAR</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Djahira HAMED</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Culture of Lactic Acid Bacteria in Natural Environments Based on Dates</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dates</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fermentation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lactic acid bacteria</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medium</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MRS</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">675-681</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Lactic acid bacteria are used in the food industry and have restrictive criteria for probiotic potential. The most common growth media used for lactic acid bacteria is de Man, Rogosa, and Sharpe culture medium (MRS). &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;In this study, three culture media were developed (date powder DP, date core DC and date core associated with lentils CL) based on locally available plant materials with a low market value to obtain a less expensive culture medium compared to the reference medium MRS for the growth of lactic acid bacteria. Four lactic strains were used (&lt;em&gt;Lactobacillus acidophilus&lt;/em&gt; LbA-CECT4529, &lt;em&gt;Lactobacillus plantarum &lt;/em&gt;LbP-CECT 748, &lt;em&gt;Bifidobacterium animalis &lt;/em&gt;subsp lactis Bb12 and &lt;em&gt;Bifidobacterium bifidum &lt;/em&gt;Bb 443). The growth and acidification kinetics of the tested strains were evaluated. The content sugar was determinate with HPLC.&lt;strong&gt; Results: &lt;/strong&gt;All lactic bacteria were able to grow on all culture media, but the best results were obtained with MRS and DP media. No significant difference (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; &amp;lt;0.05) was observed between DP and MRS medium. The consumption of sugars and proteins in the DP medium was good with all tested bacteria (70.87 to 81.96% and 71.42 to 80.90%, respectively). After the analysis of sugar content of DP medium before and after fermentation with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), fructose was the only sugar detected (45.28μg/ml ± 0.24). After fermentation, 83% of fructose was consumed by Bb12. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The present data allow us to conclude that date medium promotes the growth of lactic bacteria and can be considered as MRS standard medium substitute.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">675</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Soumia KEDDARI&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Mokhtaria Yasmina BOUFADI&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Meriem MOKHTAR&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Djahira HAMED&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Beneficial Microorganisms, Functional Foodand Health (LMBAFS), Faculty of Natural Sciences and Life. Abdelhamid Ibn Badis University, Mostaganem, ALGERIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elidahanum Husni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fatma Sri Wahyuni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hanifa Nurul Fitri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elsa Badriyya</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytotoxicity Study of Ethanol Extract of Bintangor Leaf (Calophyllum soulattri Burm.f) on T47D Breast Cancer Cell Line (Cytotoxicity Study with MTT Assay Method)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bintangor Leaf</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Breast Cancer Line</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Calophyllum soulattri Burm.f</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytotoxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MTT Assay</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">T47D</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">362-367</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;The public has used Bintangor leaf (&lt;em&gt;Calophyllum soulattr&lt;/em&gt;i Burm.f) for various medical treatments, including treated inflamed eyes and gout. Aim: This research aimed to determine the cytotoxic effect of ethanol extract and fraction of &lt;em&gt;Calophyllum soulattri &lt;/em&gt;Burm. f leaf toward T&lt;sub&gt;47&lt;/sub&gt;D breast cancer cell. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The test used T&lt;sub&gt;47&lt;/sub&gt;D breast cancer cells, the 3-4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl -2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) test method, and ELISA Reader to determine the absorbance. This method's principle was the presence of tetrazolium salts by the reductase system in the mitochondria of living cells formed purple formazan crystals. The used parameter was the value of IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The result showed that ethanol extract, n-hexane fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, and butanol fraction did not have a cytotoxic effect on T&lt;sub&gt;47&lt;/sub&gt;D breast cancer cell. The values of IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; respectively are 585.31 μg/ml; 409.33 μg/ ml; 534.08 μg/ml; and 563.22 μg/ml. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Ethanol extract and &lt;em&gt;Calophyllum soulattri&lt;/em&gt; Burm.f leaf fraction did not have a cytotoxic effect on T&lt;sub&gt;47&lt;/sub&gt;D breast cancer cells.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">362</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Elidahanum Husni*, Fatma Sri Wahyuni, Hanifa Nurul Fitri, Elsa Badriyya&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, Andalas University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anton Bahtiar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aulia Jihan Miranda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ade Arsianti</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Effect of Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg Extract Supplementation on Kidney Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Rat</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acute kidney disease</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Free Radicals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reperfusion injury</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sukun</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">150-154</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a kidney disease resulting in high morbidity and mortality levels in humans. One of the disorders classified as AKI is ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), characterized by two phases. The first phase is Ischemia in the kidneys due to obstruction of the renal arteries or veins, followed by the second phase, which is the occurrence of reperfusion with blood flowing back in the renal arteries veins. The aim of this current research is to analyze the efficacy of Artocarpus altilis on Kidney ischemiareperfusion model rats. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; To this end, first, we established Ischaemia-reperfusion kidney injury rat. We then evaluated the Artocarpus altilis extract on IRI model rats. A total of 36 rats have grouped into six groups. Group I is the Sham group, Group II is the negative control group, Group III is the positive control group (vitamin C 100 mg/kg BW), Group IV is Dose I of Artocarpus altilis extract 50 mg/kg BW), Group V is Dose II Artocarpus altilis extract 100 mg/kg BW), Group VI is Dose III Artocarpus altilis extract 200 mg/kg BW). The vitamin C and Artocarpus altilis extract administered 14 days before and after Ischemia-reperfusion treatment. At day 0, Ischemia was made by bilateral renal pedicle clamping method for 30 minutes, sacrificed 14 days after reperfusion. The blood and histology samples were collected on day 0, a day after reperfusion, at 24 hrs after reperfusion, at 48 hrs after reperfusion, and 14 days after treatment. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The clamping duration of 30 minutes leads to achieving the most representative clinical IRI conditions. It shows the most significant recovery of injury conditions within the 14-day reperfusion period in IRI animal models, making it ideal for IRI operations for the preliminary test. The administration of 100 mg/kg BW of Artocarpus altilis extract could reduce the malondialdehyde plasma compared with the sham group. The SOD and Catalase activity showed improvement after reperfusion. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Artocarpus altilis extracts showed antioxidant activity to prevent the kidney from ischemia-reperfusion injury by modulated SOD and Catalase.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">150</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Anton Bahtiar&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Aulia Jihan Miranda&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ade Arsianti&lt;sup&gt;2 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI Depok 16424, West Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia. Kampus UI Salemba, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elidahanum Husni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elsa Badriyya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Luqyana Putri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yufri Aldi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Effect of Ethanol Extract of Moringa Leaf (Moringa oleifera Lam) Against the Activity and Capacity of Phagocytosis of Macrofag Cells and the Percentage of Leukosit Cells of White Mice</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">macrophage cell</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moringa oleifera Lam</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phagocytosis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Staphylococcus aureus</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">706-712</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim:&lt;/strong&gt; This study aims to determine the activity, capacity of macrophage phagocytosis, and percentage of leukocyte cells of male mice treated with the ethanol extract of moringa leaves (&lt;em&gt;Moringa oleifera&lt;/em&gt; Lam).&lt;strong&gt; Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Twenty male mice were divided into four equal groups. The extract was administered orally for seven days at a dose of 10; 30; 100 mg/kg; and 0.5% CMC Na suspension as a negative control. On the 8&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; day, the percentage of blood cell leukocytes in mice tail was calculated using a microscope. Suspension of &lt;em&gt;Staphylococcus aureus &lt;/em&gt;was injected intraperitoneally. The peritoneal fluid was taken to figure the activity and capacity of macrophage cell phagocytosis. The activity and capacity of macrophage cells are calculated using a microscope. The data were statistically analyzed by the one-way variance analysis (ANOVA) method and Duncan test.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The results showed that giving oral ethanol extract of Moringa leaves on male could increase macrophage activity and capacity, increasing dose, macrophage activity number, and capacity increased. The highest activity and capacity was achieved at a dose of 100 mg/kg. Moringa leaf extract can also increase the percentage of banded neutrophil, lymphocytes, eosinophil cells and decrease the percentage of neutrophil cell segments and monocytes from male white mice. The highest percentage of banded neutrophil, lymphocytes, eosinophils, and reductions in the percentage of neutrophil cell segments, monocytes present at doses of 100 mg/kg. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;From the result, it can conclude that ethaol extract of Moringa Leaf can increase the activity and capacity of macrophages and percentage of neutrophils.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">706</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Elidahanum Husni*, Elsa Badriyya, Luqyana Putri, Yufri Aldi &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, Andalas University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhamad Iyad bin Ramzi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Hazzim bin Kosnin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ghasak Ghazi Faisal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohd Hafiz Arzmi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anisa Kusumawardani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ASM Sabere</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Essam A Makky</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">OE Ibrahim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ghasak Ghazi Faisal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohd Hafiz Arzmi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anisa Kusumawardani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ASM Sabere</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Essam A Makky</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">OE Ibrahim</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Effect of Eurycoma Longifolia Jack (Tongkat Ali) Root Extract on salivary S. Mutans, Lactobacillus and Candida Albicans Isolated from High-Risk Caries Adult Patients</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimicrobial effect</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eurycoma longifolia Jack</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inhibition</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salivary isolate</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">787-791</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Introduction: The roots of &lt;em&gt;E. longifolia jack&lt;/em&gt; (E.L.) or Tongkat Ali have been used in traditional medicine as well as supplements and food additives. Many chemical compounds have been detected in extracts of its roots which are believed to be responsible for its medicinal properties. In this study, our objectives were to study the effects of EL root extracts on the growth of &lt;em&gt;Streptococcus Mutans, Lactobacillus&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Candida Albicans &lt;/em&gt;isolated from saliva of adult patients with high caries risk. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The ethanolic extract of the root of this plant was tested against saliva isolated &lt;em&gt;Streptococcus Mutans, Lactobacillus&lt;/em&gt; and&lt;em&gt; Candida Albicans&lt;/em&gt; via disc diffusion assay at a concentration of 200mg/mL. The minimum inhibitory concentration was carried out by the standard broth microdilution method. Cell viability of test microorganisms against different concentration of the extract and inhibition zones were calculated.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Disk diffusion assay showed positive zones of inhibition for all test microorganisms with &lt;em&gt;S. mutans, Lactobacillus &lt;/em&gt;and &lt;em&gt;C. albicans&lt;/em&gt; exhibiting zones of inhibition of 8.3 ± 0.7mm, 12.4 ± 2.4mm and 21.4 ± 2.7mm respectively. For minimum inhibitory concentration, the test microorganisms were tested at concentration of 250mg/ mL, 125mg/mL, 62.5mg/mL, 31.3mg/mL and 0mg/mL. The minimum inhibitory concentration showed that MIC of S. mutans was at 62.5mg/mL, Lactobacillus at 125mg/mL and C. albicans at 31.3mg/mL. Lastly, the cell viability results supported the MIC determined prior. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Ethanol-based &lt;em&gt;E.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;longifolia Jack&lt;/em&gt; root extract has an antimicrobial effect on the following microorganisms isolated from the saliva of high-risk caries adult patients: &lt;em&gt;S. mutans, Lactobacillus&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;C. albicans.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">787</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Muhamad Iyad bin Ramzi1, Muhammad Hazzim bin Kosnin&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ghasak Ghazi Faisal&lt;sup&gt;2,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Mohd Hafiz Arzmi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Anisa Kusumawardani&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, ASM Sabere&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Essam A. Makky&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, O.E. Ibrahim&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Kuliyyah of Dentistry, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Fundamental Dental and Medical Sciences, Kuliyyah of Dentistry, IIUM, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Restorative Dentistry, Kuliyyah of Dentistry, IIUM, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Industrial Sciences &amp;amp; Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang (UMP), Gambang, 26300 Kuantan, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elidahanum Husni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dwisari Dillasamola</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elsa Badriyya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Resta Angelia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yufri Aldi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ethanol Extract Activity of Pegagan Embun (Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides L.) Against Hematopoietic on Anemic Male White Mice</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">erythrocytes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Extract of Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides L.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hematocrit</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hemoglobin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reticulocytes</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">866-873</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Pegagan embun (&lt;em&gt;Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides&lt;/em&gt; L.) is known to have many benefits, including as a blood booster. This study aims to determine the activity of pegagan embun (&lt;em&gt;Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides&lt;/em&gt; L.) on the formation of red blood cells. The parameters include the number of erythrocytes, reticulocytes, hemoglobin levels, and hematocrit values in anemic male white mice induced by chloramphenicol 130 mg/kg for 14 days. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Anemic mice consisted of 4 groups, namely the first group was given physiological NaCl, the second, third, and fourth groups were given ethanol extract of pegagan embun (&lt;em&gt;Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides&lt;/em&gt; L.) at a dose of 10, 50 and 100 mg/kgper oral every day, for 14 days. Observations were made on days 0, 14, 21, and 28. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The results showed that administration of pegagan embun extracts at a dose of 10, 50, and 100 mg/kgto anemic male white mice significantly increase the number of erythrocyte cells, the number of reticulocytes, the hemoglobin levels, and the hematocrit values (p &amp;lt;0.05). Increasing the dose and duration of pegagan embun extract administration could provide a more significant increase in the hematopoietic parameters (p &amp;lt;0.05). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt;It can be concluded that the extract of pegagan embun (&lt;em&gt;Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides&lt;/em&gt; L.) can be used to treat anemia in male white mice.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">866</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Elidahanum Husni*, Dwisari Dillasamola, Elsa Badriyya, Resta Angelia, Yufri Aldi&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, University Andalas, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohammad Amil Zulhilmi Benjamin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shean Yeaw Ng</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fiffy Hanisdah Saikim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nor Azizun Rusdi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ethnobotany and Traditional Knowledge of Bamboos (Poaceae: Bambusoideae) in Asia and Their Applications in the Complementary and Alternative Medicine: A Review</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Asia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bambusoideae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Complementary and alternative medicine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ethnobotany</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Traditional knowledge.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1751-1762</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Plants are considered a great source of various herbal medicines in the treatment of certain diseases and ailments. There is a growing interest in the utilization of indigenous medicinal plants as the source for complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) due to the significant contribution of plant-based materials to the pharmaceutical field. Bambusoideae is a large grass family of Poaceae, comprising approximately 119 genera and 1482 described species. About 70% of the bamboo forests are covered throughout Asia. This study aims to provide an informative review of the ethnobotanical significance and traditional knowledge of medicinal plants belonging to the Bambusoideae. This review comprises informative data on medicinal plants, their uses, and parts used by indigenous people and native communities in Asian regions. In line with this review, bamboo has made significant contributions to the ethnobotanical field, specifically as therapeutics for specific diseases. Ethnobotanical data has also made a successful contribution to the CAM. Therefore, the present review on ethnobotany and traditional knowledge of bamboo is expected to have many benefits and could be a good starting point for future work in the pharmaceutical field, both locally and internationally.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Review Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1751</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mohammad Amil Zulhilmi Benjamin&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Shean Yeaw Ng&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Fiffy Hanisdah Saikim&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Nor Azizun Rusdi&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chandra Mohini Nemkul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gan B Bajracharya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hayato Maeda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ila Shrestha</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ethnomedicinal Knowledge Verification for the Antidiarrheal and Antioxidant Effects of Rhus chinensis Mill. Fruits with Identification of Thirty Constituents</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial susceptibility assay</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DPPH radical scavenging assay</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GC-MS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">total phenolic content</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">37-43</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Ethnobotanical survey in the rural villages in Nepal revealed that the fruits of&lt;em&gt; Rhus chinensis&lt;/em&gt; Mill. have been using for the treatment of diarrhea and dysentery. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To evaluate antimicrobial and antioxidant effects, and identification of chemical constituents in the fruits of &lt;em&gt;R. chinensis&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Phytochemical screening was performed on the hexane and 70% methanolic extracts of the sample followed by gas chromatographymass spectrometry (GC-MS). Total phenolic content (TPC) was estimated using Folin-Ciocalteu method. 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical and hydrogen peroxide scavenging assays were used to evaluate the antioxidant capacity. Antibacterial effect was estabilished by the Agar well diffusion assay. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 30 compounds belonging to phenolics, anhydrides, aldehydes, fatty acids and hydrocarbons were identified in the extracts. The TPC value of 123.52±1.29 mg GAE/g dry extract was estimated. IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value of 135.54±0.82 μg/mL was calculated in DPPH free radical scavenging assay. Scavenging of 42.69±0.1% DPPH free radical and 63.20±1.48% hydrogen peroxide at 100 μg/mL concentration of 70% methanolic extract were estimated. The maximum zone of inhibition (ZOI) observed was 23.00±0.57 mm against &lt;em&gt;Escherichia coli&lt;/em&gt; at loading dose of 5 mg of the extract.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;All together 30 compounds were identified in the fruits. The extracts efficiently inhibited the growth of &lt;em&gt;E. coli &lt;/em&gt;and &lt;em&gt;Shigella dysenteriae&lt;/em&gt; verifying the rural knowledge. At the same time, the extracts displayed efficient antioxidant activity. The phytochemicals identified were responsible for these activities.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">37</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Chandra Mohini Nemkul&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Gan B Bajracharya&lt;sup&gt;2,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Hayato Maeda&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Ila Shrestha&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Departement of Botany, Tri-Chandra Multiple Campus, Tribhuvan University, Ghantaghar, Kathmandu, NEPAL.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Science, Nepal Academy of Science and Technology, Khumaltar, Lalitpur, NEPAL.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki University, 3-Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8561, JAPAN.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Departement of Botany, Patan Multiple Campus, Tribhuvan University, Patandhoka, Lalitpur, NEPAL.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kiran Giri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aradhana Singh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kamlesh M. Palandurkar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tuhina Banerjee</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Satish Chaurasia</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evaluation of Antihelmintic Activity of Indigenous Plants Found in India Including Butea Monosperma, Origanum Majorana, Piper Longum and Embelia Ribes And GC-MS Phytochemical Analysis of Plant Extracts</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antihelmintic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Butea monosperma</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Embelia ribes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Origanum majorana</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1464-1471</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction&lt;/strong&gt;: Antimicrobial agents are an essential tool in reducing the burden of the infectious diseases. This study aimed to comprehensively determine the antihelmintic activity of indigenous plants found in India including Butea monosperma, Origanum majorana, Piper longum and Embelia ribes. &lt;strong&gt;Methodology&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;:&lt;/em&gt; Additionally, the profiling of the phytochemical composition of the extracts was done. The preparation of the extract was done using Maceration method. For determination of antihelmintic activity Eisenia fetida were used. The gas chromatography-mass analysis was carried out in GCMS-QP-2010 plus system).&lt;strong&gt; Result and conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Aqueous extracts of Embelia ribes and Origanum majorana did not show anthelmintic activity at any of the tested concentrations. Aqueous extract of Butea monosperma showed antihelmintic activity at 20 mg/ml and 10 mg/ml at 1 hour and 2-hour time interval respectively. The aqueous extract of Piper longum showed activity at concentration 20mg/ml and 10 mg/ml at the time interval of 1 hour and 3-hour respectively.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1464</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Kiran Giri&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Aradhana Singh&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Kamlesh M. Palandurkar&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Tuhina Banerjee&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Satish Chaurasia&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221004, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Microbiology, Institute of Medical Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221004, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221004, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221004, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MI Bunu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">M I Ikhile</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">AN Matheri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MT Charlotte</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MCD Fotsing</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DT Ndinteh</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evaluation of Secondary Metabolites, Antibacterial, Antiplasmodial and Acute Toxicity Potentials of Chloroform Crude Extract of Boswellia dalzielii Stem Bark</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acute toxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiplasmodial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boswellia dalzielii</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GC-MS RT</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medicinal plants</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">393-400</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Medicinal plants contain bioactive compounds that have the potentials to cure many human ailments without unnecessary side effects like most of the chemotherapeutic drugs used today. Therefore, the need for phytochemicals in medicinal plants for potentials application in the treatments of these human ailments as alternatives. Drug resistance parasite has rendered most of the drugs used in treating many human diseases ineffective. There is an urgent need and continuous search for new drugs from natural sources because most of the drugs used are either derived from plant or end-product of the natural source. Antibacterial and antiplasmodial activities of &lt;em&gt;Boswellia dalzielii &lt;/em&gt;stem bark chloroform extract against some pathogens and &lt;em&gt;P. bergei&lt;/em&gt; was investigated using the serial dilution method. Phytochemical studies (GC-MS RT profiling) revealed the presence of some secondary metabolites. The extract was tested against thirteen bacterial strains (&lt;em&gt;Styphylococcus epidermidis, Mycobacterium smegmatis, Enterococcus faecalis, Styplococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis&lt;/em&gt;) and Gram-negative strains &lt;em&gt;Klebsiella aerugninosa, Proteus vulgaris, K. pneumonia, Klebsiella oxytoca,Entrobacter cloacae, Peptostreptococcus asaccharolyticus, Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis&lt;/em&gt;). Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and the Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of the extract showed activities against &lt;em&gt;Mycobacterium smegmatis,Escherichia coli, Klebsiella oxytoca, Klebsiella aerugninosa &lt;/em&gt;and &lt;em&gt;Proteus vulgaris&lt;/em&gt;. The extract demonstrated high safety with LD50 value greater than 5000 mg/kg body weight. The extract shows a high potent of antiplasmodial activities with&lt;em&gt; P. bargie&lt;/em&gt; inhibition of 66.95%. The results demonstrated that &lt;em&gt;Boswelliadalzielii &lt;/em&gt;stem bark extract can be used as a source of cheaper, less toxic novel antibiotic and antimalarial substances for drug development.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">393</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;M.I. Bunu&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, M. I.Ikhile&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, A.N. Matheri&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, M.T. Charlotte&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, M.C.D. Fotsing&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, D.T. Ndinteh&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemical Science, University of Johannesburg, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of chemical Engineering, University of Johannesburg, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Asmaa Sayed Abd Elkarim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amal H. Ahmed</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdelbaset M. Elgamal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Radwan El Haggar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alaa Khedr</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohamed Fouad Shalaby</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Roula Bayram</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Samah Shabana</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evidence Based Evaluation of Pharmacological Activity and Herb-Herb interaction of Organic Extracts of Certain Natural Anti- Diabetic Mixtures</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-diabetic herbs</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Herb-herb interaction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medicinal Plants.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1366-1376</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This work aims to find a new treatment based on the development of safe natural anti-diabetic mixtures. It assesses the hypoglycemic activity of natural mixtures and determines whether there are any negative side effects from the interaction of the herbs and the herbs. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Six natural mixtures were tested for anti-diabetic activity, which was confirmed by a pathological histological examination. We performed a GC-MS analysis on active mixtures 1 and 2, yielding 54 and 38 compounds, respectively. The major compounds were Gingerol, Butan-2-one and 4-(3-hydroxy-2-methoxyphenyl) (97 and 64.02 per cent). &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Among the six samples, the organic extract of mixture 1 and 2 showed a significant reduction in BGL compared to the standard drug glimepiride at a dose of 10 mg/kg ip and demonstrated a beneficial effect on renal function in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. These results were confirmed by a histopathological study which revealed that both mixture 1 and mixture 2 had decreased morphological and ultrastructural changes in the triggered liver. Docking of cuminaldehyde, Gingerol and α-Copaenin at the active site of human pancreatic enzymes α-amylase and aldol reductase revealed that these compounds had binding affinity at the active site of the enzymes. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Our results revealed the anti-diabetic activity of non-polar mixtures consisting of long chain hydrocarbons, oils and non-polar components, thus suggesting that the herbal formulation is safe and effective for the treatment and complication of type 2 diabetes.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1366</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Asmaa Sayed Abd Elkarim&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Amal H. Ahmed&lt;sup&gt;2,&lt;/sup&gt; Abdelbaset M. Elgamal&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Radwan El Haggar&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Alaa Khedr&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Mohamed Fouad Shalaby&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Roula Bayram&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Samah Shabana&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Chemistry of Tanning Materials and Leather Technology Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouthst. (former EL Tahrirst.)- Dokki-Giza, EGYPT.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-azhar University, 11884 Nasr City, Cairo, EGYPT.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth st. (former EL Tahrir st.)-Dokki- Giza-EGYPT.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo 11795, EGYPT.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology, MUST, 6th October City, EGYPT.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diah Lia Aulifa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Annisa Sri Rahayu Berliana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nur Asni Setiani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arif Budiman</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Formulation of Traditional Mask Powder Containing the Mixture of Coffea robusta, Angelica keiskei and Oryzae sativa, and its Activity as Tyrosinase Enzyme Inhibitor</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Angelica keiskei</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coffea robusta</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oryzae sativa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Traditional mask powder</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tyrosinase enzyme inhibitor.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1594-1597</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;Formulate a traditional mask powder with the mixture of Coffea robusta (CR) green bean, Angelica keiskei (AK) leaf and Oryzae sativa (OS) and evaluate its activity as an inhibitor of the enzyme tyrosinase.&lt;strong&gt; Methods&lt;/strong&gt;: The traditional mask powder was formulated by mixing homogeneously CR bean, AK leaf and OS, which is sieved by 125-μm sieve and sealed by foil aluminium. Subsequently, the traditional mask powder was evaluated including organoleptic, pH and microbial contamination test. The total phenolic content of CR bean, AK leaf and OS was determined by Folin-Ciocalteu test, and the inhibitory activities of the tyrosinase enzyme was determined using L-Tyrosine as substrate. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The physical stability of the traditional mask powder containing CR bean, AK leaf and OS was stable after 7 days of storage. The total phenolic content of CR bean, AK leaf and OS were 9.51, 2.80 and 2.2 gGAE/100g, respectively. The CR bean, AK leaf and OS had tyrosinase enzyme inhibitor activity with IC50 value 321.52, 930.10 and 339.55 μg/mL, respectively, while the IC50 of traditional mask powder was 127.60 μg/mL, and the IC50 kojic acid used as a positive control was 573.10 μg/mL. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;This study demonstrated that the traditional mask powder made the mixture of the CR bean, AK leaf and OS has a potential as a skin lightening agent.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1594</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Diah Lia Aulifa&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;,&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;, Annisa Sri Rahayu Berliana&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Nur Asni Setiani&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Arif Budiman&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung- Sumedang Km. 21, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Indonesia (Indonesian School of Pharmacy), JI Soekarno Hatta no.354, Bandung, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km. 21, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sanjit Namasudra</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pankaj Phukan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meenakshi Bawari</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GC-MS Analysis of Bioactive Compounds and Safety Assessment of the Ethanol Extract of the Barks of Holarrhena pubescens Wall. ex.G.Don (Family Apocynaceae): Sub-Acute Toxicity Studies in Swiss Albino Mice</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GC-MS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Holarrhena pubescens</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mice</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oxidative stress</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sub-acute toxicity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">162-171</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt; Holarrhena pubescens&lt;/em&gt; Wall. ex G. Don belongs to the family Apocynaceae and has several therapeutic applications in traditional medicine. This plant has various pharmacological properties such as antihelmintic, antidiuretic and antidiabetic. One of the major concerns, as they are used, is the lack of adequate pharmacological and toxicological data to support their uses. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The present investigation was carried out to evaluate the safety of an ethanolic extract of &lt;em&gt;Holarrhena pubescens &lt;/em&gt;Wall.ex.G.Don (Apocynaceae) by determining its potential toxicity after oral administration for 28 days.&lt;strong&gt; Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; In sub-acute toxicity, the extract at the doses of 250, 500 and 1000mg/kg, bw was administered orally for 28 days. After 28 days of treatment, the mice were decapitated; brain was homogenized for evaluating oxidative stress. The brain was fixed in 10 % formalin and processed for histopathological examinations. Phytochemical analysis of the plant extract was performed by (GC-MS). &lt;strong&gt;Result:&lt;/strong&gt; In the sub-acute study in mice, daily oral administration of HP resulted in a significant increase in the lipid peroxidation of treated animals and a decrease in enzymes activity of CAT, SOD, GPX and GR in both, males and females mice. Histopathological analysis showed alterations in the mice brain cortex. From the GC-MS analysis of the plant extract, it was evident that major phytochemicals were present in the ethanol extract of HP. Some major phytochemicals namely, conessimine (17.81 %); lup-20(29)-en-3-one (16.50%); piperidine, 2-(tetrahydro-2-furanyl)-(6.44%); lup-20(29)-ene-3, 28-diol, (3.beta.) (4.82%) and 17- (1, 5-dimethyl-3-phenylsulfanyl-hex-4-enyl (4.37%) were found. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;H.pubsecne&lt;/em&gt; bark ethanol extract was found to be relatively safe in lower doses although at higher doses it can cause lipid peroxidation and damage to the neuronal cell of the brain and should therefore be used with caution.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">162</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sanjit Namasudra, Pankaj Phukan, Meenakshi Bawari* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar-788011, Assam, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Afriwardi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Afdhila Fitri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elidahanum Husni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elsa Badriyya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yufri Aldi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Immunostimulant Activity of Pegagan Embun Herbs Extract (Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam.) With Carbon Clearance Method Towards Male White Mice</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carbon clearance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eosinophil</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Immunostimulants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leukocyte</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lymphocytes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neutrophil</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1472-1477</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Pegagan embun (&lt;em&gt;Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides &lt;/em&gt;L.) has been used traditionally to cure various diseases such as anti-inflammatory, neutralizing toxins, dysentery, and others. This study aims to determine the immunostimulant effect of pegagan embun herbs extract using the carbon clearance method, the number, and the percentage of leukocyte cells. In this study, 25 male white mice were used, which were divided into five groups, groups 1, 2, and 3 given pegagan embun herbs extract in a dose of 10 mg/kgbw; 50 mg/ kgbw; 200 mg/kgbw, group 4 was given 0,5% Na CMC, and group 5 were given stimuno 50 mg/kgbw. The preparation is given orally for seven consecutive days. On the eighth day, the phagocytosis index, number, and percentage of leukocyte cells were determined. The results showed that pegagan embun herbs extract has immunostimulant activity. The phagocytosis index of the 10 mg/kgbw dose group is 1.0211, 1.27796 for the 50 mg/kgbw, and 1.5250 for the 200 mg/kgbw. Then, the number of leukocytes of the 10, 500, and 200 mg/kgbw are 8.820/μL, 9.906/μL, and 10.790/μL, respectively. The percentage of lymphocyte cells are 58,5%, 60,6% and 62,8%, and for segment neutrophil cells were 26%, 27,6% and 30% for group 10, 50, and 200 mg/kgbw extract. Based on the results, that the pegagan embun herbs extract has immunostimulant activity against male white mice.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1472</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Afriwardi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;,*, Afdhila Fitri&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Elidahanum Husni&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Elsa Badriyya&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Yufri Aldi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, Andalas University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Afriwardi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yufri Aldi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dwisari Dillasamola</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yolanda Alfiyyah Larakhansa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elsa Badriyya</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Immunostimulatory Activities of Pegagan Embun (Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam.) in White Male Mice</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leukocytes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Macrophage</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phagocytosis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Staphylococcus aureus</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">368-375</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt; Pegagan embun&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides&lt;/em&gt; L.) has many pharmacological activies, such as improving the immune system. &lt;strong&gt;Aim: &lt;/strong&gt;This research aims to study the immunomodulatory effect of &lt;em&gt;Pegagan embun&lt;/em&gt; herbs ethanol extract (&lt;em&gt;Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides &lt;/em&gt;L.) determined by phagocytic activity and capacity of macrophages, total and percentage of leukocytes. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;25 male white mice were divided into 5 equal groups. Negative control group were given Na CMC 0.5%, the extract treated group were given &lt;em&gt;Pegagan embun&lt;/em&gt; ethanol extract at doses of 10, 50, 200 mg/kgbw, and the positive control group was given Stimuno 50 mg/kgbw orally for 7 days. On the 8&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; day, the total and percentage of leukocytes were counted through blood sample taken intravenously. The mice were then induced with &lt;em&gt;Staphylococcus aureus &lt;/em&gt;suspension. After one hour, the peritoneal fluids was taken to determine the macrophages activity and capacity. The macrophages phagocytic activity and capacity, total and percentage of leukocytes were analyzed by One-Way Anova followed by Duncan Multiple Range Test (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.05). &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The results show significant increase of concentration (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.05) towards macrophages phagocytic activity and capacity, and total leukocytes count. Percentage of leukocytes show that lymphocytes increase significantly (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.05), meanwhile neutrophils segments decrease significantly (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.05). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;It can be concluded that ethanol extract of &lt;em&gt;Pegagan embun&lt;/em&gt; herb at doses of 10, 50, 200 mg/kgbw shows immunostimulatory activity.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">368</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Afriwardi&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Yufri Aldi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Dwisari Dillasamola&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Yolanda Alfiyyah Larakhansa&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Elsa Badriyya&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, Andalas University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nolitha Nkobole</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olusola Bodede</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ahmed A Hussein</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gerhard Prinsloo</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In vitro α-Glucosidase and α-Amylase Activities of Wild and Cultivated Amaranthus spp. and Isolated Compounds</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">α-Amylase; α-glucosidase; Blood glucose; Diabetes mellitus; Hyperglycemia; Phytochemicals.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1614-1620</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Diabetes mellitus is a serious metabolic disorder that affects many South Africans. There is urgent need for alternative and affordable diabetic therapy from edible wild plants which have been used by the indigenous people for many years. This study presents in vitro antidiabetic effects of methanol leaf extracts of wild and cultivated Amaranthus spp. and isolated compounds. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The inhibitory effects against yeast α-glucosidase and porcine α-amylase were determined using a dilution series of ethanolic extracts of wild and cultivated leaf extracts and isolated compounds of Amaranthus spp. The aerial parts of the plant material were subjected to silica gel chromatography to yield three compounds. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Wild A. hybridus showed potent α-glucosidase enzyme activity (89.92±0.04%) at the lowest concentration tested (0.125 mg/mL) in comparison to acarbose which exhibited 80.20±0.13% inhibition at the same concentration. Cultivated A. cruentus extracts inhibited α-glucosidase enzyme activity (84.95 ± 0.04%) at the lowest concentration compared to cultivated A. hybridus which exhibited inhibitory activities of 72.28 ± 0.06%. In addition, three compounds namely, α-spinasterol, palmitic acid and pheophorbide A-methyl ester isolated from wild A.cruentus were tested for in vitro antidiabetic activity. Palmitic acid demonstrated the highest inhibition against α-glucosidase for all the concentrations tested. Tested separately, the isolated compounds were weaker α-amylase enzyme inhibitors however, when the compounds were combined, inhibition of α-amylase increased to 58.49± 002% at 0.5 mg/mL. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; Extracts and compounds of Amaranthus showed strong α-glucosidase activity inhibition and mild α-amylase activity inhibition suggesting that the extracts and compounds slow glucose absorption.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1614</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nolitha Nkobole&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;,*, Olusola Bodede&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ahmed A Hussein&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Gerhard Prinsloo&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, University of South Africa, Science campus, Florida, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Cape Peninsular University of Technology, Symphony Way, Bellville, Western Cape, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jorge Coronado-Olano</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ritva Repo-Carrasco-Valencia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oscar Reategui</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Emily Toscano</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elisa Valdez</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mirko Zimic</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ivan Best</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inhibitory activity against α-amylase and α-glucosidase by phenolic compounds of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) and cañihua (Chenopodium pallidicaule Aellen) from the Andean region of Peru</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andean grains</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DPPH radical scavenging assay</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HPLC-DAD</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">in vitro antidiabetic activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polyphenols</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">896-901</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Chenopodium quinoa&lt;/em&gt; Willd. and &lt;em&gt;Chenopodium pallidicaule&lt;/em&gt; Aellen are grains from the Andean region of Peru, which in addition to having a high nutritional value, have health-promoting properties related to the prevention of chronic diseases such as diabetes. &lt;strong&gt;Objetive:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study aimed to identify phenolic compounds associated with an inhibition of carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes associated with type 2 diabetes. &lt;strong&gt;Material and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Two varieties of quinoa and two varieties of cañihua from the Puno Region in Peru, were evaluated. Total phenolics, total flavonoids, identification of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; were measured by Folin-Ciocalteu assay, aluminum chloride colorimetric method, HPLC-DAD and DPPH radical scavenging assay, respectively. &lt;em&gt;In vitro &lt;/em&gt;hypoglycemic activity was evaluated through the inhibition of the α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes. Results: Gallic acid, rutin and chlorogenic acid were identified by HPLC-DAD in the varieties of quinoa and cañihua. The latter showed significantly higher levels of chlorogenic acid compared to quinoa varieties (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.05). Both Andean grains exhibited inhibition of key-enzymes linked to type 2 diabetes, presenting IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values of 7.99 to 34.05 and of 8.07 to 1158 μg/mL for α-amylase and α-glucosidase, respectively. Total phenolics, total flavonoids, DPPH radical scavenging assay, gallic acid and chlorogenic acid showed the greatest contribution to the inhibitory activity of the α-glucosidase enzyme (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.05). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Our findings suggest that the phenolic compounds present in the varieties of quinoa and cañihua could modulate the inhibition of carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes associated with type 2 diabetes.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">896</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Jorge Coronado-Olano&lt;sup&gt;1,5&lt;/sup&gt;, Ritva Repo-Carrasco-Valencia&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Oscar Reategui&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Emily Toscano&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Elisa Valdez&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Mirko Zimic&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Ivan Best&lt;sup&gt;6,&lt;/sup&gt;*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Facultad de Industrias Alimentarias, Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Lima, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Carrera de Ingeniería Agroforestal, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratorio de Bioinformática y Biología Molecular, Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo (LID), Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, Lima, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Hersil S. A. Laboratorios Industriales Farmacéuticos, Lima, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Unidad de Investigación en Nutrición, Salud, Alimentos Funcionales y Nutracéuticos, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola (UNUSANUSIL), Calle Toulon 310, 15024 Lima, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medha A. Bhat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hosakatte Niranjana Murthy</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Isolation, Characterization of Neoandrographolide from Andrographis macrobotrys Nees and Evaluation of its effect on LPS induced TNF-α Activity</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andrographis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-inflammation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terpenoids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">THP-1 cells</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TNF-α</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">669-674</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Andrographis macrobotrys&lt;/em&gt; Nees is an important species of genus &lt;em&gt;Andrographis&lt;/em&gt; with applications in traditional medicine. Neoandrographolide is one of the constituents in this plant. But there are no previous reports of isolation of neoandrographolide from &lt;em&gt;A. macrobotrys&lt;/em&gt;. Current work is undertaken to concentrate on isolation, characterization, and evaluation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) inhibition activity of neoandrographolide from &lt;em&gt;A. macrobotrys&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;For the isolation process techniques like column chromatography, thin-layer chromatography (TLC), and preparative TLC were used. Characterization was done by ultra visible (UV)-visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), carbon-13 (C13) nuclear magnetic resonance (13C NMR) analysis. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiaxo-2yl) 2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was done for the preliminary cytotoxicity test to standardize the sample concentration for the TNF-α inhibition study. The flowcytometric method was used to determine TNF-α inhibiting ability in a human monocytes cell line (THP-1). &lt;strong&gt;Results:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;Neoandrographolide was isolated from methanolic extract of &lt;em&gt;A. macrobotrys&lt;/em&gt; which had a melting point of 174-175ºC. FTIR results had shown stretching for –OH, 3427.58 cm&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;,sp&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;-CH, lactone, and α, β unsaturated ester. NMR data confirmed 26 carbon structures. Cytotoxicity of isolated neoandrographolide was 22.59 μg/ml. Further lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced TNF-α inhibition was highest in the case of isolated neoandrographolide in comparison with the crude extract of&lt;em&gt; A. macrobotrys&lt;/em&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;A. macrobotrys&lt;/em&gt; can be used as a new source of neoandrographolide with anti-inflammatory abilities by inhibiting the TNF-α release in THP-1 cells.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">669</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Medha A. Bhat, Hosakatte Niranjana Murthy* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Department of Botany, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580003, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medha A. Bhat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hosakatte Niranjana Murthy</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Isolation of Andrographolide from Andrographis lineata Wall. ex Nees var. lawii C.B. Clarke and its Anticancer Activity against Human Ovarian Teratocarcinoma</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andrographis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andrographolide</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anticancer activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Apoptosis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ovarian teratocarcinoma</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">660-668</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Andrographolide is a well-known anticancer phytochemical often isolated from &lt;em&gt;Andrographis paniculata&lt;/em&gt; (Burm. f.) Nees. (Acanthaceae). Though &lt;em&gt;Andrographis lineata&lt;/em&gt; Wall. ex Nees var. lawii C.B. Clarke (ALw) which also belongs to the same family has an adequate amount of andrographolide; remained untouched for isolation of andrographolide and anticancer studies. Therefore, this study was targeted to isolate the andrographolide from the leaves of ALw and to assess its role inthe induction of apoptosis against the human ovarian teratocarcinoma (PA-1) cell line. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Column chromatography, thin-layer chromatography (TLC), preparative TLC were used for the isolation and purification while melting point, ultraviolet (UV)-visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), carbon-13 (C13) nuclear magnetic resonance (&lt;sup&gt;13&lt;/sup&gt;C NMR) analysis were carried out for characterization of the compound. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiaxo-2yl) 2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was carried out for cytotoxicity test and further Annexin-V staining, caspase 3 activity, B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) activity, cell cycle analysis, and DNA damage study by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (dUTP) nick end labeling (TUNEL) assays were carried out for apoptosis study. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Andrographolide was isolated from the methanolic extract of leaves of ALw which had a melting point of 230 ºC, λ&lt;sub&gt;max&lt;/sub&gt; at 223 nm. FTIR results proved the presence of hydroxyl group, alkanes, carbon-carbon double bond, and a characteristic gamma lactone carbonyl. NMR data confirmed the 20 carbon structure. In the MTT assay cytotoxicity against PA-1 was at 3.7 μg/ml with other apoptotic assays supporting the induction of apoptosis by the compound at that concentration. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; ALw is proved to be an alternate source of andrographolide with potential abilities to induce apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">660</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Medha A. Bhat, Hosakatte Niranjana Murthy* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Department of Botany, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580003, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SM Abdul Aziz Barbhuiya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SH Victoria Devi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ajay Kakati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rejwan Ahmed Choudhury</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muslek Uddin Mazumder</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharamacognostic Profile and Comparative in vitro Anti- Inflammatory Activity Study of Ethanomedicinal Plants of North East India</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-inflammatory</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diclofenac sodium</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Macroscopic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Microscopic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Northeast India</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognostic study</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">317-324</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; In ethno-medicinal practices, the leaves of &lt;em&gt;Alocasia macrrorhizos&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Canavalia ensiformis, Amaranthus cruentus, Averrhoea carambola, Bauhina tenifloara&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;and &lt;em&gt;Capsicum Chinese&lt;/em&gt; have different pharmacological activities. The problem encountered with the proper utilization of herbal drugs is lack of documentation and standard parameter, which create problem in acceptance and importance of these plants. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The objectives of our study are to establish scientifically evaluated pharmacognostic profile and &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; antiinflammatory screening of six plants. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Leaf sample from each plant was evaluated by macroscopic, microscopic and physicochemical parameters (As per WHO recommended methods of standardization). The anti-inflammatory activity screening of methanolic extracts was carried out against inhibition of protein denaturation method taking diclofenac sodium as a benchmark. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The macroscopic characteristic and microscopical evaluation reveals the type of stomata within the leaves and presence of parenchyma cells, collenchyma cells, upper epidemis, lower epidermis, vascular bundle, palisade cells and trichomes in the transverse section of leaves. Physicochemical parameter reveals the total ash, acid insoluble ash, water soluble, methanol soluble extractives and moisture content. The IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value of &lt;em&gt;MEAM, MECE, MEAC, MEAC1, MECC&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;and &lt;em&gt;MEBT&lt;/em&gt; against inhibiton of protein denaturation was found to be 72.88, 841.78, 735.12, 303.75, 188, and 354.1855 μg/mL respectively. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The present study contributes useful information that will help in the exact identification as well as assessment of purity of crude drugs. Methanolic extract of&lt;em&gt; Alocasia macrorrhizos&lt;/em&gt; could be a potential anti-inflammatory agent from the natural sources.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">317</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;SM Abdul Aziz Barbhuiya, SH Victoria Devi*, Ajay Kakati, Rejwan Ahmed Choudhury, Muslek Uddin Mazumder&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Regional Institute of Paramedical and Nursing Sciences, Zemabawk, Aizwal - 796017, Mizoram, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gouri Kumar Dash</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohd Haziq Bin Hashim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdul Karim Russ Hassan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ravindran Muthukumarasamy</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognostic Studies on the Leaves of Annona muricata Linn</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Annona muricata</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fluorescence analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Macroscopy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">microscopy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physicochemical parameters</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Preliminary physiochemical screening</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">241-247</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Annona muricata&lt;/em&gt; Linn. (Family: Annonaceae) is a well-known traditional and natural medicine over the world; in Malaysia it serves as a treatment for many kinds of diseases. Studies have been reported that &lt;em&gt;A. muricata &lt;/em&gt;can be used to treat diseases due to its antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, antitumor, anthelmintic, analgesic, hypotensive, antiinflammatory, and has immune enhancing properties. Despite having several medicinal functions and properties, however there is no standardization parameters have been reported in the literature for the leaves of&lt;em&gt; A. muricata&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Therefore, through this research study, the macroscopical and microscopical characteristics, physicochemical parameters such as ash values, extractive values, fluorescence analysis and preliminary phytochemical analysis of the leaves were investigated.&lt;strong&gt; Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Based on the observation of the transverse section of the leaves, the presence of upper cuticle, upper epidermis, palisade cells, vascular bundle, spongy mesophyll, phloem fibers, lignified vessels, xylem vessels, collenchyma, lower epidermis, lower cuticle and parenchyma served as important key differentiating features for the studied plant. The powder microscopy revealed the presence of pieces of trichrome, collapsed uniseriate multicellular covering trichrome, spongy mesophyll, phloem fibres, xylem vessels, paracytic stomata and fragment of epidermis showing cell and palisade cell. Calcium oxalate crystals were also observed even though the captured image was slightly unclear. The phytochemical screening of the leaves was carried out using four different extracts which showed the presence of steroids, saponins, flavonoids, tannins carbohydrates and proteins, respectively.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Based on this research finding, the pharmacognostic standardization of the plant can be established thus, providing ease in identifying and determining the purity and quality of the investigated plant.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">241</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Gouri Kumar Dash&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Mohd Haziq Bin Hashim&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Abdul Karim Russ Hassan&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Ravindran Muthukumarasamy&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Universiti Kuala Lumpur Royal College of Medicine Perak, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 30450 Ipoh, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacy, Indira Gandhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Universiti Kuala Lumpur Royal College of Medicine Perak, Faculty of Medicine, 30450 Ipoh, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MA Alfaro Jiménez</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A Zugasti Cruz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SY Silva Belmares</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">JA Ascacio Valdés</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CA Sierra Rivera</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical and Biological Characterization of Aqueous and Ethanolic Extracts of Parthenium hysterophorus</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytotoxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Parthenium hysterophorus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemicals</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1122-1133</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Parthenium hysterophorus &lt;/em&gt;is a plant used in traditional medicine to treat health issues and which could be a source of phytochemicals with possible antioxidant activity without causing cytotoxic effects. Hence, this work was designed to evaluate its phytochemical profile, cytotoxicity, and antioxidant activity. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The aqueous (AE) and ethanolic (EE) extracts of &lt;em&gt;P. hysterophorus &lt;/em&gt;flowers were obtained by decoction and ultrasound, respectively. Their phytochemical composition was determined by colorimetric tests and RP-HPLC-MS analysis. Their cytotoxic activity was tested by a hemolysis assay. The antioxidant activity was evaluated with the Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), 2,2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and hydroxyl radical (-OH) scavenging assays. In addition, the effect of the extracts on the activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) from human erythrocytes, was evaluated. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The phytochemical screening of the AE and EE by colorimetric test showed the presence of flavonoids, steroids, triterpenes, saponins, coumarins, sesquiterpene lactones, tannins, and carbohydrates. In addition, the RP-HPLC-MS analysis identified some phenolic compounds such as flavonols, methoxyflavonols, flavones, methoxyflavones, and hydroxycinnamic acids. The hemolysis assay showed non-cytotoxic activity by AE, but EE exhibited a hemolytic effect. Furthermore, the AE and EE showed significant antioxidant activity to inhibit radicals in the TEAC, DPPH and -OH scavenging assays. Moreover, the SOD activity only showed a significant increase by AE. However, the two crude extracts increased the CAT activity, at the highest concentrations.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;P. hysterophorus &lt;/em&gt;has phytochemicals with antioxidant activity to inhibit radicals and increase the activity of antioxidant enzymes &lt;em&gt;in vitro.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1122</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;MA Alfaro Jiménez&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, A Zugasti Cruz&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, SY Silva Belmares&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, JA Ascacio Valdés&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, CA Sierra Rivera&lt;sup&gt;5,&lt;/sup&gt;*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Master program of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Saltillo, MEXICO.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Immunology and Toxicology, Food Research Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Saltillo, MEXICO.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Food Research Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Saltillo, MEXICO.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Bioprocess and Bioproducts Group, Food Research Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Saltillo, MEXICO.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Immunology and Toxicology, Food Research Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Saltillo, MEXICO.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kokoette Bassey</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Patience Mamabolo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mmamosheledi Mothibe</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Freddy Muganza</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical Profiling and Chemical Marker Compounds Identification in Helichrysum caespititium: A Chemometrics and 2D Gas Chromatography Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (GCxGC-TOF-MS) Perspective</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemical markers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemometrics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GCxGC-TOF-MS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Helichrysum caespititium</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical profiling</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">486-494</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Helichrysum caespititium &lt;/em&gt;is a medicinal plant indigenous to South Africa. Hitherto, only 2 compounds- caespititin and 2-methyl-4-[2’,4’,6’-trihydroxy-3’-(2-methylpropanoyl)-phenyl] but-2-enyl acetate have been reported from this species. Phytochemical profiling of the plant and identification of chemical markers are limited. &lt;strong&gt;Objectives: &lt;/strong&gt;Determining phytochemical profile of &lt;em&gt;H. caespititium&lt;/em&gt; and identifying the major marker compounds in its extracts. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; A two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GCxGC-TOF-MS) was used to analyze &lt;em&gt;H. caespititium &lt;/em&gt;extracts (acetone, methanol, and dichloromethane). The marker compounds from the generated phytochemical fingerprints were identified using Column plots and chemometrics orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). Polar acetone, methanol, and non-polar dichloromethane extracts were analyzed separately. &lt;strong&gt;Results and Discussions:&lt;/strong&gt; A total of 135 (12 from acetone, 13 from methanol, and 110 from dichloromethane extracts) compounds were identified in &lt;em&gt;H. caespititium&lt;/em&gt;. An OPLSDA score plot with R&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = 0.81 grouped the polar compounds into 2 clusters as phenolic and non-phenolic compounds, while a contribution plot from the score plot then nominated benzene[(methoxymethoxy)]methyl, 4-methyl-2,4-bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)penet- 1-ene, isoeugenol, and 3 4-dihydroxymandelic acid as marker compounds in the polar extracts. In a second plot with R&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = 0.67, the corresponding contribution plot accentuated 2-methyl-5- (fur-3-yl) pent-3-en-2-ol, 3,5-dimethyl-4-heptanone, 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, dihexyl-1-(4- methylphenyl)-5(2-dimethyl aminothenyl)-1H-tetrazole, and 3,5-dimethyl-4-heptanone as the marker compounds in the dichloromethane extract. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;This study recommends the use of the marker compounds as quality standard of raw materials and commercial products containing extracts or other forms of the South African &lt;em&gt;H. caespititium&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">486</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Kokoette Bassey&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Patience Mamabolo&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Mmamosheledi Mothibe&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Freddy Muganza&lt;sup&gt;3,4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University. Molotlegi Street, Ga-Rankuwa 0204, Pretoria, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology; Faculty of Pharmacy, Rhodes University. Artillery Road, Grahamstown 6139, P. O. Box 94 Grahamstown 6140, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Bausch Health Pharmaceuticals, Steinbach, Manitoba, CANADA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Providence University College and Theological Seminary, Otterborne, Manitoba, CANADA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amira Horchani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fadwa Chaabane</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mahassen Barboura</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Imen Mokdad-Bzeouich</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aimen Abbassi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amine Trabelsi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leila Chekir-Ghedira</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemistry and Biological Evaluation of Daphne gnidium L. Butanol Extract</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analgesic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-inflammatory</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Daphne gnidium</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lysosmal activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nitric oxide production.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1688-1693</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Daphne gnidium &lt;/em&gt;L. (Thymelaeaceae) has been used in the Mediterranean basin to treat skin diseases, rheumatism and toothache.&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;the aim of this study was to evaluate the biological activities of butanol extract from the &lt;em&gt;D. gnidium&lt;/em&gt; leaves. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A quantitative analysis by high‐performance liquid chromatography with a diode array detector (HPLC‐DAD) was performed. The antioxidant activities were evaluated by using three different assays: 2,2-diphenyl-l-picrylhydrazyl assay (DPPH assay), deoxyribose degradation assay and Cellular Antioxidant Activity (CAA) assay. The butanol extract was investigated for anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities in animal models. In addition, its effect on the production of NO and lysosomal activity &lt;em&gt;in vivo &lt;/em&gt;was assessed. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The HPLC-DAD analysis showed the presence of daphnetin. The butanol extract had a remarkable antioxidant activity in the different systems tested. Furthermore, it has an anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting the xyleneinduced ear edema and reduced the number of abdominal constrictions in mice indicating analgesic effect. It also was found to inhibit (NO) production and lysosomal activity &lt;em&gt;in vivo&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; These findings support the daphne use in traditional medicine for its analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities. Further investigations to elucidate its mechanism of action are required.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1688</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Amira Horchani&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Fadwa Chaabane&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Mahassen Barboura&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Imen Mokdad-Bzeouich&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Aimen Abbassi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Amine Trabelsi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Leila Chekir-Ghedira&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Unit of natural bioactive substances and biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy of Monastir, 5000, TUNISIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Dental Medicine of Monastir,5000, TUNISA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carmen R Silva-Correa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jorge L Campos-Reyna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Víctor E Villarreal-La Torre</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abhel A Calderón-Peña</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">María V González Blas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cinthya L Aspajo-Villalaz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">José L Cruzado-Razco</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">William Antonio Sagástegui- Guarniz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Luz M Guerrero-Espino</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Julio H</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Potential Activity of Medicinal Plants as Pain Modulators: A Review</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analgesic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antinociceptive</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Natural product</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pain</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">248-263</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;This review aims to demonstrate the relevance that medicinal plants and their promising results have in prevention and treatment of pain. The neurophysiological bases of pain have been analyzed and the potential mechanisms of action have been proposed, it has also been determined that the main experimental models used for the evaluation of the analgesic potential are: acetic acid-induced writhing test, formalin test, hot-plate test, capsaicin-induced nociception, cinnamaldehyde-induced nociception, glutamate-induced nociception, tail–flick test and tail immersion test. There are countless medicinal plants with potential analgesic activity, in some of them main responsible compounds for the activity are flavonoids (vitexin, quercetin, naringenin, astragalin, eupatilin), alkaloids (scotanamine B, bullatine A, S-(+)- dicentrine, stephalagine, lappaconitine), terpenoids (p-cymene, thymol, menthol, citronellol, myrcene, carvacrol, linalool) and saponins (siolmatroside I, cayaponoside D, cayaponoside B4, cayaponoside A1); however, all studies have only been carried out up to pre-clinical stages. Therefore, it is recommended to carry out kinetic studies of the most remarkable natural compounds, evaluate mixtures of active compounds for diminishing doses to avoide possible side effects, and continue with clinical studies of medicinal plants whose safety has already been reported.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Review Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">248</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Carmen R. Silva-Correa&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Jorge L. Campos-Reyna&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Víctor E Villarreal-La Torre&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Abhel A. Calderón-Peña&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, María V. González Blas&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Cinthya L. Aspajo- Villalaz&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, José L. Cruzado-Razco&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, William Antonio Sagástegui- Guarniz&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Luz M. Guerrero- Espino&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Julio Hilario-Vargas&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, PERÚ.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, PERÚ. 3Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, PERÚ..&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amel CHOUABIA</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Samir DJEMLI</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cherif ABDENNOUR</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leila MALLEM</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Labiba KAHALERRAS</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fatma Zohra ARKOUB</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Narimene BOUABDALLAH</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdelkrim TAHRAOUI</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Protective effect of Salvia officinalis against cypermethrininduced reprotoxicity in male Wistar rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cypermethrin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Histology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rats</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salvia officinalis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spermatozoa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toxicity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1413-1421</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Medicinal plants are a reservoir of biologically active compounds with therapeutic properties that, over time, have been used for the treatment of various diseases. This study aims to evaluate the protective effect of the aqueous extract of the leaves of&lt;em&gt; Salvia officinalis &lt;/em&gt;against cypermethrin-induced toxicity. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;30 male rats weighing approximately 240 g were divided into equal six groups; the control group received tap water, the positive control received the aqueous extract of sage leaves (SLE) at a dose of (0.5g/kg bw), the groups treated with cypermethrin (Cyp1) at 8.33 mg/kg bw and (Cyp2) at 25 mg/kg bw, and the groups treated by cypermethrin combined with aqueous extract of sage SLE+Cyp1 (0.5g/kg bw+8.33 mg/kg bw) and SLE+Cyp2 (0.5g/kg bw+25 mg/kg bw) for four days/week. After 4 weeks of oral administration, epididymal seminal fluid was analyzed via the CASA system, in addition to the histological study testis and epididymis. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The obtained results showed a decrease in the absolute weight of the reproductive organs, with a significant decrease in sperm concentration, motility and speed in the cypermethrin-treated group compared to the control. Histological study of the testes and epididymis indicates an alteration in the stages of spermatogenesis in groups Cyp1 and Cyp2 compared to the control. However, the above-mentioned parameters were maintained almost normal in the groups that received the aqueous extract of sage with both doses of cypermethrin. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; it can be demonstrated that SLE has been shown to protect rats from cypermethrin-induced reprotoxicity.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1413</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Amel CHOUABIA&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Samir DJEMLI&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;,*, Cherif ABDENNOUR&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Leila MALLEM&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Labiba KAHALERRAS&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Fatma Zohra ARKOUB&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Narimene BOUABDALLAH&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Abdelkrim TAHRAOUI&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Sciences, Animal Ecophysiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Badji Mokhtar University, Annaba, ALGERIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Sciences, Applied Neuroendocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Badji Mokhtar University, Annaba, ALGERIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ace Baehaki</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rinto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Hendri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sabri Sudirman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jeny Pusphyta Buana</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Proximate Composition and Antioxidant Activities of Vegetable Milk from Lotus Seeds (Nolumbo nucifera)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lotus seeds</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nolumbo nucifera</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Proximate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vegetable Milk</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">427-433</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;This study aims to proximate composition and antioxidant activities of vegetable milk from lotus seeds (&lt;em&gt;Nolumbo nucifera&lt;/em&gt;). The research method in this study used a randomized block design with 3 levels of treatment with 3 repetitions, the treatments used were: A0 = 100% soybean (Control), A1 = boiling temperature 80⁰C, A2 = boiling temperature 90⁰C, A3 = boiling temperature 100⁰C, B1 = boiling time 10 min, B2 = boiling time 30 min and B3 = boiling time 50 min. The test parameters carried out were proximate composition (water, ash, protein, fat, carbohydrates, and antioxidants) and antioxidant activiy. The results showed the ash content of the lotus seed until the boiling time of 90 min increased, but when the temperature was increased to 100⁰C, the ash content decreased. The fat content of lotus seed milk decreased with increasing boiling time. The protein of vegetable milk from lotus seeds tend to increase with the duration of boiling. The result showed the soy milk has the highest activity (control). For lotus seed milk, the highest activity was in lotus seed milk with boiling temperature treatment of 80⁰C and boiling time for 10 min.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">427</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ace Baehaki&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Rinto&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Hendri&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sabri Sudirman&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Jeny Pusphyta Buana&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Study Program of Fisheries Product Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sriwijaya, Indralaya, South Sumatera, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Study Program of Marine Sciences, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sriwijaya, Indralaya, South Sumatera, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rahmi Muthia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Helmina Wati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wahyudin Bin Jamaludin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kartini</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Finna Setiawan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Fikri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdul Wahhab</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Standardization of Eleutherine bulbosa Urb. Bulbs and Total Flavonoid Content from Three Locations in Kalimantan, Indonesia</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eleutherine bulbosa Urb.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Non-specific parameters</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Specific parameters</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">standardization</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">73-80</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Dayak Onion (&lt;em&gt;Eleutherine bulbosa&lt;/em&gt; Urb.) is a typical plant of Kalimantan which is traditionally used by the Dayak community as a medicinal plant. Dayak onion bulbs have been proven had many pharmacology activities. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aims to determine the nonspesific and specific parameters of 70% ethanol extract of &lt;em&gt;Eleutherine bulbosa &lt;/em&gt;Urb. Total flavonoids was also quantified &lt;strong&gt;Methods:.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Eleutherine bulbosa&lt;/em&gt; Urb was extracted with maseration method used etanol 70 % as solvent. Determination of non-spesific includes by determined specific gravity, water content, total ash content, acid insoluble ash content, residual sovents, heavy metanol contamination, microbial contamination, mold and yeast contamination. Determination of specific parameters included extract identity, organoleptic extract, water/ethanol soluble content, chromatography profile. Total flavonoid content were quantified with colorimetric method. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;there were no significance difference between nonspesific and specific parameters &lt;em&gt;Eleutherine bulbosa&lt;/em&gt; Urb from three different locations. Measurement of total phenol content and total flavonoid content respectively form South Borneo were ; 6,499 ± 0,5248 mg QE/g extract, from central borneo were 7,585 ± 0,0437 mgQE/g extract, and from east borneo were 5,035 mg ± 0,3887 mgQE/g extract. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;it can be concluded that bulbs of &lt;em&gt;Eleutherine bulbosa &lt;/em&gt;Urb from three locations have characters to similar between each other and bulbs of &lt;em&gt;Eleutherine bulbosa&lt;/em&gt; Urb form central borneo had the highest total flavonoid content.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">73</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rahmi Muthia&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Helmina Wati&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Wahyudin Bin Jamaludin&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Kartini&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Finna Setiawan&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Fikri&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Abdul Wahhab&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Departement of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemstry, Borneo Lestari College of Health Sciences, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Departement of Pharmacology, Borneo Lestari College of Health Sciences, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Departement of Pharmaceuticals, Borneo Lestari College of Health Sciences, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Pharmaceutical Biology Departement, Faculty of Pharmacy, Surabaya University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Pharmacology Departement, Faculty of Pharmacy, Surabaya University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arif Budiman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diah Lia Aulifa</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial Activity and Mode of Action of Black Mulberry (Morus nigra) Fruits Extract Against Streptococcus mutans</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Black mulberry fruits extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cellular membrane damage</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Streptococcus mutans</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1722-1726</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Black mulberry was a member of the plant groups from genus Morus, which contains the highest total phenolic compounds compared to other species. It could be a potential source of antimicrobial agents. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of the fruits extract against &lt;em&gt;Streptococcus mutans.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Agar diffusion and microdilution methods were used for evaluation of the antibacterial activity and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extract. Protein and ion leakage from the bacterial cells induced by the extract was analyzed spectrophotometrically. The morphological change was determined using Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Black mulberry (BM) fruits extract showed antibacterial activity against &lt;em&gt;S. mutans&lt;/em&gt; with MIC value of 8 mg/mL, as well as contributed to the aforementioned leakage. Meanwhile, cellular membrane damage was observed, indicating that the extract might inhibit growth of the bacteria. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;BM extract could be a potential raw material for herbal medicine, especially anticaries which has antibacterial activity.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1722</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Arif Budiman&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Diah Lia Aulifa&lt;sup&gt;2,&lt;/sup&gt;* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km. 21. INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Indonesia (Indonesian School of Pharmacy), Jl. Soekarno-Hatta No 354, Bandung 40266, West Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ace Baehaki</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Herpandi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Susi Lestari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Hendri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Febri Ariska</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antidiabetic Activity with N-Hexane, Ethyl-Acetate and Ethanol Extract of Halodule uninervis Seagrass</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antidiabetic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Haludule uninervis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seagrass</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">805-808</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;The purpose of this research was to observe the antidiabetic activity from N-hexane, ethylacetate and ethanol extract of &lt;em&gt;Halodule uninervis &lt;/em&gt;seagrass&lt;em&gt;.&lt;/em&gt; The antidiabetic activity with extract concentrations of 125 ppm, 250 ppm, 500 ppm, 1000 ppm and 2000 ppm from seagrass extract with ethanol solvent showed that it had the ability as an anti-diabetic agent stronger than seagrass extract with n-hexane and ethyl acetate solvents. Calculation of IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of &lt;em&gt;Halodule uninervis&lt;/em&gt; seagrass with ethanol extract was 74.99 ppm and ethyl acetate was 1,517,05 ppm. Glukobay as control was 0.27 ppm.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">805</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ace Baehaki&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Herpandi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Susi Lestari&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Hendri&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Febri Ariska&lt;sup&gt;1 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Study Program of Fisheries Product Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Sriwijaya University, Indralaya, South Sumatera, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Study Program of Marine Sciences, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sriwijaya University, Indralaya, South Sumatera, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Raceline Gounoue Kamkumo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abel Narcisse Messi Betene</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Patrick Valere Tsouh Fokou</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jean Hubert Donfack</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marius Jaurès Tsakem Nangap</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Albertine Ngako</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Roberto Fokou</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mariscal Brice Tchatat Tali</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Florence Ngueguim Tsofack</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Théophile Dimo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fabrice Fekam Boyom</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimalarial Effects of the Aqueous Extract of Entandrophragma angolense Bark on Plasmodium berghei Infection in Mice</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiplasmodial activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">E. angolense</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Malaria infection</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mice</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">P. berghei</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">687-698</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Research for new antimalarial drugs remains a permanent quest for the control of malaria. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study investigates the effects of the aqueous extract of &lt;em&gt;Entandrophragma angolense&lt;/em&gt; bark on&lt;em&gt; P. berghei-&lt;/em&gt;induced malaria in mice. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Eight weeks old mice, were intraperitoneally infested with 200 μl of blood, containing 1x10&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;em&gt;P. berghei&lt;/em&gt;-infected-erythrocytes. Parasitaemia was determined using a 10% giemsa stained blood smear read under optical microscope (x100). The infected animals were randomized into 5 groups of 10 animals each and daily treated for 5 days with the plant extract at 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg. The normal control and malaria control received water while the chloroquine control was treated with 10 mg/kg of chloroquine. Body weight, parasitaemia and survival time were monitored daily during treatment and follow up periods. Five animals from each group were sacrificed under anaesthesia at the end of treatment (d8) and after the follow up period (d28). Venous blood was used for haematological and biochemical tests. Organs (liver, kidneys and spleen) were also collected for biochemical and histological analyses. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Administration of the aqueous extract of &lt;em&gt;E. angolense &lt;/em&gt;bark to infected mice significantly inhibited parasite development (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; &amp;lt;0.001) with ED&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; estimated at 25.32 mg/kg. The extract prevented animal from death, body weight loss, anaemia, leucocytosis, high transaminases (ALT and AST), high bilirubin, creatinine and MDA levels, oxidative stress and anatomical alteration in organs as compared to the malaria control.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The &lt;em&gt;E. angolense &lt;/em&gt;bark possesses antimalarial properties, supporting its use in traditional medicine to treat malaria.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">687</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Raceline Gounoue Kamkumo&lt;sup&gt;1,2,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Abel Narcisse Messi Betene&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Patrick Valère Tsouh Fokou&lt;sup&gt;2,3&lt;/sup&gt;, Jean Hubert Donfack&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Marius Jaurès Tsakem Nangap&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Albertine Ngako&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Roberto Fokou&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Mariscal Brice Tchatat Tali&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Florence Ngueguim Tsofack&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Théophile Dimo&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Fabrice Fekam Boyom&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, CAMEROON.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, CAMEROON.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Bamenda, P.O. Box 39, Bamenda, CAMEROON.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, CAMEROON.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geetha Balasubramaniam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mahendran Sekar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maithili Varadarajan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shrishailappa Badami</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant and Hepatoprotective Activities of Strobilanthes kunthianus against Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carbon tetrachloride</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hepatoprotective</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hepatotoxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liver disease</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Strobilanthes kunthianus</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1143-1151</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;em&gt; &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Strobilanthes kunthianus&lt;/em&gt; Nees T Anders (Neela kurinji) is a shrub in the grasslands of Nilgiris, Western Ghats in India. It is well known for many biological properties including antioxidant. However, there is no &lt;em&gt;in-vivo&lt;/em&gt; antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities has been carried out previously on&lt;em&gt; S. kunthianus. &lt;/em&gt;Objectives: The present study was aimed to evaluate the antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities of methanolic flower extract of &lt;em&gt;S. kunthianus&lt;/em&gt; (MFESK) against carbon tetrachloride (CCl&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;)-induced hepatotoxicity in experimental rats. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The Wistar rats were divided into six groups comprising six animals to each. Group I was served as normal control and group II as CCl&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; treated. Both these groups were received sodium CMC (0.3%, 5 ml/kg). Groups III, IV and V animals were treated with MFESK at different dose levels (100, 150 and 200 mg/kg). Group VI was treated with standard silymarin (100 mg/kg). All these treatments were given orally for eight consecutive days. On the 8&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; day of treatment, except the normal group I, all the other group of animals from III to VI were received CCl&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; in liquid paraffin (1:1, 1 ml/kg, i.p., single dose) after 1 h of the vehicle. On the 9&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; day, the animals were anesthetized and blood was collected from the abdominal artery, then the serum was separated and used for the biochemical estimations. Serum marker enzymes such as ASAT, ALAT, ALP, TGL, CR, TP, TC, TB and albumin were measured using Ecoline kits by using autoanalyzer. Further, blood serum and the supernatant solution of homogenized liver and kidney were used for the estimation of antioxidant parameters such as CAT, SOD and TBARS by spectrophotometrically. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The administration of CCl&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; caused a significant increase (P&amp;lt;0.001) in the levels of ASAT, ALAT, ALP, TGL, TC, TB and TBARS and decrease in the levels of CR, TP, Albumin, CAT and SOD in serum. A significant (P&amp;lt;0.001 and P&amp;lt;0.01) restoration of these values towards the normal level was observed in all the three tested doses of MFESK. Similar results were observed for CAT, SOD and TBARS in both liver and kidney tissues. These results designated the strong antioxidant and hepatoprotective nature of MFESK. The histopathological investigation of liver and kidney tissues also confirmed the observed activities. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; These findings afford incitement for the development of a novel hepatoprotective herbal drugs.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1143</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Geetha Balasubramaniam&lt;sup&gt;1,2,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Mahendran Sekar&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Maithili Varadarajan&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Shrishailappa Badami&lt;sup&gt;5 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Swamy Vivekanandha College of Pharmacy, Elayampalayam, Tiruchengode – 637205, Tamilnadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Rocklands, Udhagamandalam – 643001, Nilgiris, Tamilnadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Universiti Kuala Lumpur Royal College of Medicine Perak, Ipoh – 30450, Perak, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Padmavathi College of Pharmacy, Dharamapuri – 635205, Tamilnadu, INDIA. 5Chaitanya Vikas Yoga &amp;amp; Nature Cure Centre, Rajatgiri, Dharwad – 580004, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geetha Balasubramaniam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mahendran Sekar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maithili Varadarajan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shrishailappa Badami</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant and Hepatoprotective Activities of Strobilanthes kunthianus against Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carbon tetrachloride</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hepatoprotective</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hepatotoxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liver disease</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Strobilanthes kunthianus</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1143-1151</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;em&gt; &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Strobilanthes kunthianus&lt;/em&gt; Nees T Anders (Neela kurinji) is a shrub in the grasslands of Nilgiris, Western Ghats in India. It is well known for many biological properties including antioxidant. However, there is no &lt;em&gt;in-vivo&lt;/em&gt; antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities has been carried out previously on&lt;em&gt; S. kunthianus. &lt;/em&gt;Objectives: The present study was aimed to evaluate the antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities of methanolic flower extract of &lt;em&gt;S. kunthianus&lt;/em&gt; (MFESK) against carbon tetrachloride (CCl&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;)-induced hepatotoxicity in experimental rats. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The Wistar rats were divided into six groups comprising six animals to each. Group I was served as normal control and group II as CCl&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; treated. Both these groups were received sodium CMC (0.3%, 5 ml/kg). Groups III, IV and V animals were treated with MFESK at different dose levels (100, 150 and 200 mg/kg). Group VI was treated with standard silymarin (100 mg/kg). All these treatments were given orally for eight consecutive days. On the 8&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; day of treatment, except the normal group I, all the other group of animals from III to VI were received CCl&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; in liquid paraffin (1:1, 1 ml/kg, i.p., single dose) after 1 h of the vehicle. On the 9&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; day, the animals were anesthetized and blood was collected from the abdominal artery, then the serum was separated and used for the biochemical estimations. Serum marker enzymes such as ASAT, ALAT, ALP, TGL, CR, TP, TC, TB and albumin were measured using Ecoline kits by using autoanalyzer. Further, blood serum and the supernatant solution of homogenized liver and kidney were used for the estimation of antioxidant parameters such as CAT, SOD and TBARS by spectrophotometrically. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The administration of CCl&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; caused a significant increase (P&amp;lt;0.001) in the levels of ASAT, ALAT, ALP, TGL, TC, TB and TBARS and decrease in the levels of CR, TP, Albumin, CAT and SOD in serum. A significant (P&amp;lt;0.001 and P&amp;lt;0.01) restoration of these values towards the normal level was observed in all the three tested doses of MFESK. Similar results were observed for CAT, SOD and TBARS in both liver and kidney tissues. These results designated the strong antioxidant and hepatoprotective nature of MFESK. The histopathological investigation of liver and kidney tissues also confirmed the observed activities. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; These findings afford incitement for the development of a novel hepatoprotective herbal drugs.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1143</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Geetha Balasubramaniam&lt;sup&gt;1,2,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Mahendran Sekar&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Maithili Varadarajan&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Shrishailappa Badami&lt;sup&gt;5 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Swamy Vivekanandha College of Pharmacy, Elayampalayam, Tiruchengode – 637205, Tamilnadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Rocklands, Udhagamandalam – 643001, Nilgiris, Tamilnadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Universiti Kuala Lumpur Royal College of Medicine Perak, Ipoh – 30450, Perak, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Padmavathi College of Pharmacy, Dharamapuri – 635205, Tamilnadu, INDIA. 5Chaitanya Vikas Yoga &amp;amp; Nature Cure Centre, Rajatgiri, Dharwad – 580004, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ronald Silva-Rivas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Natalia Bailon-Moscoso</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Luis Cartuche</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Juan Carlos Romero-Benavides</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Antioxidant and Hypoglycemic Properties and Phytochemical Profile of Clusia latipes Extracts</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DPPH</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical screening</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Type 2 diabetes mellitus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">α-glucosidase inhibitory activity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February  2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">144-149</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; The prevalence of diabetes has increased more rapidly in low and middleincome countries than in high-income countries. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), which is the most common form of diabetes, is caused by the inefficient use of insulin in the body and is characterized by disrupted insulin action or secretion. Also, oxidative stress plays an important role in the development of disease. The goal of this study is to identify the antioxidant and hypoglycemic properties of &lt;em&gt;Clusia latipes,&lt;/em&gt; an endemic species of Central and South America. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The antioxidant and hypoglycemic capacity of the extracts (hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol) of the leaves and stems of &lt;em&gt;Clusia latipes&lt;/em&gt; were evaluated. From the most potent extract, the phytochemical study was carried out and fractionated. Antioxidant activity was measured using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline- 6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS), while hypoglycemic capacity was measured by alpha-glucosidase inhibition. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The extracts with the highest antioxidant capacity are the extracts with the highest α-glucosidase inhibition activity. Inhibitory activity increased in samples extracted with medium polar (ethyl acetate) and polar (methanol) solvents. Phytochemical screening of these extracts revealed the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrates, flavonoids/xanthones, quinones, saponins, and tannins. The highest α-glucosidase inhibitory activity was detected in the ethyl acetate fraction obtained from leaf methanol extract, with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;) value of 0.90 μg/ml. The major constituent isolated from the same fraction was isoquercitrin.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">144</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ronald Silva-Rivas&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Natalia Bailon-Moscoso&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Luis Cartuche&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Juan Carlos Romero-Benavides&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Departamento de Química y Ciencias Exactas, Sección de Química Básica y Aplicada, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja, ECUADOR.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Sección de Genética Humana, Microbiología y Bioquímica Clínica, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja, ECUADOR.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Faiza MOULAI-HACENE</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mokhtaria Yasmina BOUFADI</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soumia KEDDARI</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdelkader HOMRANI</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Properties of Elettaria cardamomum Extract</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimicrobial activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemical composition</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elettaria cardamomum</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pathogenic strains</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1058-1063</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Cardamom, also known as&lt;em&gt; Elettaria cardamomum,&lt;/em&gt; a venerated perennial herb like the &quot;Queen of Spices&quot; belongs to the Zingiberaceae family. She holds various pharmacological activities due to its phytochemicals it contains such as; phenols, tannins, terpenoids, flavonoids, sterols. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The study included the determination of the chemical composition of&lt;em&gt; Elettaria cardamomum&lt;/em&gt; ethanolic extract (EEC) by HPLC/UV and evaluated their antimicrobial potential against ten pathogenic reference strains using two complementary techniques: the method of diffusion from solid discs and the determination of minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC). &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The results obtained from chemical identification of the EEC showed the presence of polyphenolic acids (rosmarinic acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, etc.) and many flavonoids (kaempferol, chrysin, galangin, pinocembrine, quercetin, etc.). The results of the antimicrobial effect showed that the extract reacted positively on almost all the microbial strains tested. The EEC extract significantly inhibited the growth of microbial strains, with a broader antimicrobial spectrum with extensive action with inhibitory zones between 8 and 33 mm in diameter. Thus, this extract revealed a dose-dependent antimicrobial activity on these microbial strains used. However, the inhibitory potential of the cardamom extract was variable compared to their MIC ranging from 6.25 to 12.5 mg of dry extract/mL. Therefore, the strains least susceptible to EEC are &lt;em&gt;Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Aspergillus niger&lt;/em&gt; and&lt;em&gt; Candida albicans&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;This activity is due to the phenolic compounds produced by the EEC extract. This extract can be used for the development of plant medicines against microbial infections and fungal infestations.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1058</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Faiza MOULAI-HACENE&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Mokhtaria Yasmina BOUFADI&lt;sup&gt;2,3,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Soumia KEDDARI&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Abdelkader HOMRANI&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Sciences and Techniques of Animal Production (LSTPA), Faculty of Natural Sciences and Life, Abdelhamid Ibn Badis University, Mostaganem, ALGERIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Beneficial Microorganisms, Functional Food and Health (LMBAFS), Faculty of Natural Sciences and Life, Abdelhamid Ibn Badis University, Mostaganem, ALGERIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, BELGIUM.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sardar Hussain</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Janardhana Papayya Balakrishna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gayathri Rengasamy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Surapaneni Krishna Mohan</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemopreventive Action of Garcinia Mangostana Linn. on Hepatic Carcinoma by Modulating Ornithine Decarboxylase Activity</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diethyl nitrosamine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">G. Mangostana extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hepatocellularcarcinoma</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ornithine decarboxylase</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1383-1388</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Ornithine decarboxylase and alpha -L- fucosidase over-expression is associated with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development. The objective of this study was to elucidate the action of &lt;em&gt;Garcinia Mangostana &lt;/em&gt;fruit extract (GME) on these overexpressed enzymes and apoptotic proteins in diethyl nitrosamine (DEN) induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) rats. The cancer was induced using DEN to the experimental rats and treated with GME (400 mg/ kg) to find its anticancer property. The lysosomal enzymes such as alpha-L-fucosidase, beta- D-glucosidase, ornithine decarboxylase activity (ODC), apoptotic and antiapoptotic proteins such as Bcl-2, Bax and Bcl-xl and H&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; thymidine incorporation assay were done to prove GME’s chemo preventive property. DEN induction caused significant increase in the activities of ornithine decarboxylase; lysosomal enzymes and increased cell proliferation with decreased apoptosis were observed. In contrast, the groups with GME treated rat’s elicited significant (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &amp;lt; 0.001) reduction in ornithine decarboxylase, lysosomal enzymes and decreased cell proliferation with increased apoptosis. GME has effective chemo preventive property and can serve as an anticarcinogenic therapeutic drug against hepatocellular carcinoma.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1383</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Sardar Hussain&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Janardhana Papayya Balakrishna&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Gayathri Rengasamy&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Surapaneni Krishna Mohan&lt;sup&gt;5 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai - 600 077, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biotechnology, Government science College, chitradurga-577501, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Stem Cell Biology, Stellixir Biotech Pvt Ltd, No.V-31, 2nd floor,10th Main Road, Peenya 2nd Stage Industrial Area, Bangalore - 560058, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai - 600 077, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry, Panimalar Medical College Hospital &amp;amp; Research Institute, Varadharajapuram, Poonamallee, Chennai – 600 123, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vijitra Luang-In</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Worachot Saengha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Benjaporn Buranrat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sutisa Nudmamud-Thanoi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arjan Narbad</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Supaporn Pumriw</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wannee Samappito</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytotoxicity of Lactobacillus plantarum KK518 Isolated from Pak-Sian Dong (Thai Fermented Gynandropsis pentaphylla DC.) Against HepG2, MCF-7 and HeLa Cancer Cells</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HeLa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HepG2</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">L. plantarum KK518</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MCF-7</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pak-Sian-Dong</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1050-1057</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Pak-Sian Dong is a fermented vegetable product of Thailand prepared from aerial parts of Pak-Sian (&lt;em&gt;Gynandropsis pentaphylla&lt;/em&gt; DC.). Lactobacillus plantarum KK518 was isolated from Pak-Sian Dong and already assessed for its probiotic attributes. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;The aim of this work was to determine the untapped cytotoxic effects of&lt;em&gt; L. plantarum&lt;/em&gt; KK518 extract against HepG2 (liver cancer), MCF-7 (breast cancer) and HeLa (cervical cancer) cells. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The bacterial extracts were prepared from whole cultures; containing cells and broths using ethyl acetate as extracting solvent and the dried extracts were redissolved in ethanol before use. Cytotoxic, antiproliferative and antimigratory effects of the bacterial extracts on three types of cancer cells were determined using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2, 5-diphenyltetra zolium bromide (MTT) assay, clonogenic formation and wound healing assays, respectively. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;L. plantarum&lt;/em&gt; KK518 extract showed the highest cytotoxicity at 90.88% at 1,000 μg/mL against HeLa cells (IC50 of 371.97 μg/mL) over 48 h of exposure. Anti-colony formation test showed that the bacterial extracts at 600, 800 and 1,000 μg/mL over 48 h led to a complete inhibition of colony formation of HeLa cells; however the highest IC50 of 418.52 μg/mL was found in HepG2 cells suggesting that HepG2 was least affected by bacterial extract. Likewise, HepG2 cells seemed to be most resistant to antimigratory effects as observed by highest relative area of the wound at most time intervals and most extract concentrations. Conclusion: &lt;em&gt;L. plantarum&lt;/em&gt; KK518 offers a potential use as a bio-therapeutic with chemopreventive effects against cervical, breast and liver cancers.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1050</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vijitra Luang-In&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Worachot Saengha&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Benjaporn Buranrat&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sutisa Nudmamud-Thanoi&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Arjan Narbad&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Supaporn Pumriw&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Wannee Samappito&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Natural Antioxidant Innovation Research Unit, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Technology, Mahasarakham University, Khamriang, Kantarawichai, Maha Sarakham 44150, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University, Muang, Maha Sarakham 44000, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Centre of Excellence in Medical Biotechnology, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Colney, Norwich NR4 7UA, UK.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Kalasin University, Na Mon District, Kalasin 46230, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Technology, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham 44000, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vijitra Luang-In</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Worachot Saengha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Benjaporn Buranrat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anut Chantiratikul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nyuk Ling Ma</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytotoxicity of Selenium-Enriched Chinese Kale (Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra L.) Seedlings Against Caco-2, MCF-7 and HepG2 Cancer Cells</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caco-2</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HepG2</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Isothiocyanate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kale</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MCF-7</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Selenium</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">674-681</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;The Selenium-enriched Chinese kale (&lt;em&gt;Brassica oleracea&lt;/em&gt; var. &lt;em&gt;alboglabra &lt;/em&gt;L.) seedlings (Se-KS) have been known for its antioxidant activities, however its cytotoxic effects on various cancer cells are yet to be reported. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;The objective of this work was to study the cytotoxic effects of Se-KS on Caco-2, MCF-7 and HepG2 cancer cells. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Freeze-dried seedlings were ground and incubated in 0.1 M citrate phosphate buffer pH 7.0 for 1 h at 37°C and extracted with dichloromethane to obtain total isothiocyanate (ITC) content which was quantified using the 1,2-benzenedithiole (BDT)-based cyclocondensation assay. The extracts from fresh seedlings were used to determine the cytotoxic effect on Caco- 2, MCF-7 and HepG2 cancer cells. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Se-KS was found to contain total ITC content at 1.02 mmol/100 g dry weight (DW) which was significantly lower than that of 7-day old broccoli microgreens (1.60 mmol/100 g DW) as reference Cruciferous vegetables. In addition, Se-KS extract exhibited cytotoxic effects in a dose- and time-dependent manners. The lowest IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value of 82.83 μg/mL at 72 h was derived from HepG2 cells and the highest IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value of 164.00 μg/mL at 72 h was from MCF-7 cells suggesting that the Se-KS extract was most effective against HepG2 cells. Cancer cells showed signs of apoptotic bodies over 72 h and DNA fragmentations at 24 h indicating that the Se-KS extract was able to induce apoptosis in cancer cells in addition to cytotoxic effect. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Thus, Se-KS could be a novel source of organo selenium with chemopreventive benefits for functional food development.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">674</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vijitra Luang-In&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Worachot Saengha&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Benjaporn Buranrat&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Anut Chantiratikul&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Nyuk Ling Ma&lt;sup&gt;4 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Natural Antioxidant Innovation Research Unit, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Technology, Mahasarakham University, Khamriang, Kantarawichai, Maha Sarakham 44150, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University, Muang, Maha Sarakham 44000, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Animal Feed Resources and Animal Nutrition Research Unit, Division of Animal Science, Faculty of Technology, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham 44150, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Monika Bhalodiya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jayant Chavda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nilesh Patel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ravi Manek</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ajay Patel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sheetal Faldu</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Determination of Polyphenolic content and Antioxidant Activity from Various Extracts of Boerhaavia diffusa Linn Root: An in vitro Approach for Selection of Appropriate Extracting Solvent</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ABTS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boerhavia diffusa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">crude extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DPPH</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Free radicles</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">total phenolic content</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1578-1585</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; This study is aimed to evaluate extraction capacity of different solvents (toluene, dichloromethane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, ethanol, methanol, water, 60% aqueous methanol, 60% aqueous ethanol and 60% aqueous acetone) and its effect on total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, and antioxidant assay. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Extraction was performed from dried root powder of &lt;em&gt;Boerhavia diffusa&lt;/em&gt; using various solvents at 25˚C on magnetic sirr (300 rpm). Extraction yield, total phenolic content, total flavonoid content and total tannin content of the extracts were determined spectrophotometrically using gallic acid, quercetin as standards. Antioxidant potential determines by using various in vitro methodologies such as DPPH, FRAP, and ABTS assay. &lt;strong&gt;Result: &lt;/strong&gt;The 60% aqueous methanol showed the highest extracting yield, in contrast, toluene and hexane showed the lowest yield. Highest total phenolic content (239.8±0.25 mg GAE/g) and total flavonoid content (131.1±4.20 mg QCE/g), were found from methanolic extract. While, acetone extract showed highest tannin content. The Methanolic extract of &lt;em&gt;Boerhaavia diffusa&lt;/em&gt; exhibited the highest antioxidant activity. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;The highest correlation was found between phenolic content and the antioxidant assay. It seems that phenolic contents are responsible for free radicle scavenging activity. From the observation, it concluded that methanolic extract rich with polyphenolic content and acetone extract showed the highest amount of tannin content.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1578</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Monika Bhalodiya&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Jayant Chavda&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Nilesh Patel&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Ravi Manek&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Ajay Patel&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sheetal Faldu&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Gujarat Technological University, Chandkheda, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 382424, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;B.K Mody Government Pharmacy College, Rajkot, Gujarat 360003, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Smt. R. D. Gardi B. Pharmacy College, Rajkot 360005, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amjad T Shatarat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sawsan Abuhamdah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eman Alefishat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohamed K Al-Essa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rima Altaweel R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Faisal Mohammed</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Darwish Badran</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hanan Jafar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effects of Beta-Carboline Alkaloids of Peganum Harmala on Induced Rat Ileum Contractions</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Harmaline</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Harmalol</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Harmine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ileum</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peganum Hermala L</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rat</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spasmolytic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">β-Carbolines alkaloids</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">260-265</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Peganum harmala &lt;/em&gt;L., Zygophyllaceae popularly known as Wild Syrian rue, a well-known plant in folk medicine for many pharmacological uses including antispasmodic activity. Chemical composition of the plant showed that the most important constituents of this plant are betacarboline alkaloids such as harmalol, harmaline, and harmine. In this work, we aimed to evaluate the effects of these three major harmala alkaloids on induced rat ileum contractions, induced by acetylcholine, BaCl&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and KCl. Of these three harmala alkaloids, harmalol and harmaline produced a concentration-dependent spasmolytic activity, which was found to be reversible (i.e. disappeared after tissue wash-up. Both alkaloids inhibited acetylcholine and KCl-induced ileum contractions but BaCl&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; -induced contractions were only inhibited by harmalol but not harmaline. Harmine did not show any inhibitory activity.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">260</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Amjad T. Shatarat&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Sawsan Abuhamdah&lt;sup&gt;2,3&lt;/sup&gt;, Eman Alefishat&lt;sup&gt;3,4&lt;/sup&gt;, Mohamed Al-Essa&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Rima Altaweel R&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Faisal Mohammed&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Darwish Badran&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Hanan Jafar&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, JORDAN.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;College of Pharmacy, Al-Ain University, Abu Dhabi, UAE.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, JORDAN.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, UAE.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, JORDAN.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nita Sari Wijaya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Katrin Basah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anton Bahtiar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effects of Pearl Grass Extract Capsules on Osteoarthritis Subject</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clinical efficacy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pearl grass extract capsules</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercetin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">VAS scale</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WOMAC scale</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">303-310</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Pearl grass extract, a standardized bioactive polar extract of the herbs of Hedyotis corymbosa, is preclinically proven to have an activity to osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis properties in an animal model. The current clinical study has evaluated the efficacy and safety of Pearl grass extract of osteoarthritis subjects. This research was a pilot study of osteoarthritis subjects using Parallel double-blind study design. Subjects have normal renal and liver function, above 50 years of age, and has a sign and symptoms of osteoarthritis included in the study. In the treatment, Pearl grass capsules were given as one capsule once daily for eight weeks, throughout the study, the weekly assessment to evaluate the adverse event. Thirty subjects of mean age 55.90 ± 3.7 years were evaluable. Pearl grass extract capsules did not change renal and liver function in 56 days treatment. Pearl grass capsule markedly reduced the consumption of analgesic drug compared with placebo groups. Pearl grass capsules also decreased pain scale better compare with placebo.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">303</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nita Sari Wijaya&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Katrin Basah&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Anton Bahtiar&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI Depok, 16424, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI Depok 16424, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sharada Laxman Deore</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Someshekhar S Khadabadi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bhushan A Baviskar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Expression of Heat-labile Enterotoxin of Escherichia coli in Biolistic Transformed Hairy Roots of Daucus carota L.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carrot</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gene gun</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">hairy root</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LTB</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1440-1443</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Expression and secretion of recombination proteins in transgenic hairy roots have opened door to simple, feasible and economic option compared to animal and bacterial systems. Here, we report a feasibility study for producing the nontoxic B subunit of Escherichia coli heatlabile enterotoxin (LTB) in &lt;em&gt;Daucus carota&lt;/em&gt; L hairy root where transformation is achieved by biolistic gene gun method. &lt;em&gt;Agrobacterium rhizogenes &lt;/em&gt;strain (R-1000) cells containing synthetic LTB gene in pMYO51T plant expression vector under the CaMV 35S promoter introduced to &lt;em&gt;Daucus carota&lt;/em&gt; L roots by biolistic gene gun method. PCR amplification confirmed the integration of synthetic LTB gene in carrot hairy roots. Western blot analysis confirmed production of LTB pentamer in similar banding pattern to the native bacterial derived LTB. 0.50-0.70% of LTB protein estimated in carrot hairy roots. GM1-ganglioside assay indicated formation of biological active pentamers. LTB protein with biochemical properties identical to native LTB protein in the hairy roots of edible carrot roots opens the way for inexpensive, safe, and effective plant-based edible vaccines for humans and animals.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1440</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sharada Laxman Deore*, Someshekhar S. Khadabadi, Bhushan A. Baviskar &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Govt. College of Pharmacy, Kathora naka, Amravati-444604, MS, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Roger Ducos Youmsi Fokouo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Patrick Valere Tsouh Fokou</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cedric Derick Jiatsa Mbouna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elisabeth Zeuko’o Menkem</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fabrice Fekam Boyom</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Formulation and Evaluation of Safety and Antifungal Efficacy of Syzigium Aromaticum-Base Cream on Guinea Pigs Infected with Trichophyton Mentagrophytes</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antidermatophytes activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cream</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dermatophytes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Formulation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S. aromaticum</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toxicity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">342-350</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;The increasing incidence of dermatophytoses in the world and the side effects of the current therapies encouraged the search of alternative drugs. Hence the objective of this work was to determine antidermatophytes activity of &lt;em&gt;Syzigium aromaticum&lt;/em&gt; formulate antidermatophytic cream. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The extracts were prepared by maceration of plant materials into methanol. Three formulations of creams were made, and the best was chosen according to its physicochemical stability and appearance. The acute dermal toxicity and antidermatophytic efficacy of the cream was performed on guinea-pig. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The methanolic extract of &lt;em&gt;S. aromaticum &lt;/em&gt;was incorporated in the final cream formulation. The formulation containing shea-butter 58.5%, acetylic alcohol 2.5%, stearic acid 1.5%, bee-wax 10%, borax 1.5%, polysorbate 60 2.5%, 2 drops of lactic acid and water was chosen because of its good appearance and stability. The cream with methanolic extract of&lt;em&gt; S. aromaticum &lt;/em&gt;did not reveal any dermal toxic effect. The cream efficacy was dose-dependent. The treatment with cream at 5% methanolic extracts of &lt;em&gt;S. aromaticum&lt;/em&gt; revealed the best potency after 14 days of treatment. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; These results show that the cream at 5% methanolic extract of &lt;em&gt;S. aromaticum&lt;/em&gt; seed is promising in the treatment of dermatophytoses and could be used as an alternative in the development of a new therapy.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">342</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Roger Ducos Youmsi Fokouo&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Patrick Valere Tsouh Fokou&lt;sup&gt;1,2,3,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Cedric Derick Jiatsa Mbouna&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Elisabeth Zeuko’o Menkem&lt;sup&gt;1,4&lt;/sup&gt;, Fabrice Fekam Boyom&lt;sup&gt;1,2 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Antimicrobial and Biocontrol Agents Unit, Laboratory for Phytobiochemistry and Medicinal Plants Study, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, PO Box 812, Yaoundé, CAMEROON.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Drug Discovery and Development Unit, Laboratoire Roger Ducos, PO Box 20133, Yaounde, CAMEROON.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Bamenda, PO Box 39, Bambili, CAMEROON.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, PO Box 63, Buea, CAMEROON.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shoket Ali</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shikha Bansal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ravi Prakash Mishra</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fumaria indica (L), a Famous Medicinal Herb of Tribal Regions of Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh: Broad Spectrum Antibacterial and Phytochemical Profilng Against Some Pathogenic Microorganisms</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fumaria indica</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemicals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tribes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zone of Inhibition</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">619-623</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;This work describes the broad spectrum antibacterial properties of methanolic and chloroform extracts of &lt;em&gt;Fumaria indica&lt;/em&gt; herb in different concentrations (50 mg/ml, 100 mg/ml and 150 mg/ ml) against &lt;em&gt;Bacillus subtilis&lt;/em&gt;(MTCC 10110), &lt;em&gt;Staphylococcus aureus&lt;/em&gt;(MTCC96), &lt;em&gt;Escherichia coli &lt;/em&gt;(MTCC 77), &lt;em&gt;Pseudomonas aeruginosa&lt;/em&gt; (MTCC1688) and &lt;em&gt;Klebsiella pneumonia&lt;/em&gt; (MTCC4032) using agar well diffusion method compared to standard antibiotic ciprofloxacin. Results have shown significant activities against the tested microorganisms viz., &lt;em&gt;Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa &lt;/em&gt;than other strains. Minimum inhibitory as well as minimum bactericidal concentrations against &lt;em&gt;Bacillus subtilis&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Klebsiella pneumonia&lt;/em&gt; were evaluated. The study indicates the possible potentiality of F. indicato act as an active antibacterial agent in the modern drug formulations. As the target plant species serves for the tribal medicinal purpose in several tribal regions of Madhya Pradesh, hence, the aim of the present study is to link comparatively the possible traditional use of this herb with the modern antibiotic usage.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">619</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Shoket Ali&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Shikha Bansal&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Ravi Prakash Mishra&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Environmental biotechnology lab, Department of Post Graduate Studies and Research in Biological Science, Rani Durgavati University, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Botany and Microbiology St. Aloysius College (Autonomous) Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Revathi B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lakshmanan S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Veerakumar D</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Impact of Insecticide, Chlorpyrifos on Protein and Amino Acid Contents in Liver, Kidney and Brain of Exotic Teleost Fish, Channa punctatus (Bloch, 1973)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biochemical constituents</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brain</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Channa punctatus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chlorpyrifos</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kidney</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liver</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">351-355</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Pesticides are one of the most potentially harmful toxic chemicals introduced into the environment and human ambient. These pesticides are utilized widely to ensure agricultural harvests against the harm brought about by different sorts of irritations. Anyway, these chemicals may reach non focused on biological systems like lakes and waterways through rain and wind, influencing numerous different organisms. Biochemical factors show explicit reactions to specific types of ecological pressure. The methodology of present work was to assess toxic effects of an insecticide, chlorpyrifos on biochemical constituents like protein, and Amino acid in liver, kidney and Brain of freshwater fish, &lt;em&gt;Channa punctatus&lt;/em&gt;. The fish exposed to chlorpyrifos showed a decrease the protein and increase the amino acid levels for 15 and 45 days in liver, kidney and brain compared to control. The objectives of the present work was to observe the effect of chlorpyrifos on protein and amino acid levels in the liver, kidney and brain of teleost fish &lt;em&gt;Channa punctatus&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">351</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Revathi B&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Lakshmanan S&lt;sup&gt;2,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Veerakumar D&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Ph.D, Research Scholar, Department of Zoology, Poompuhar College (Autonomous), Melaiyur – 609 107, Sirkali Taluk, Nagapattinam, Tamilnadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Assistant Professor, Department of Zoology, Poompuhar College (Autonomous), Melaiyur – 609 107, Sirkali Taluk, Nagapattinam, Tamilnadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Ph.D, Research Scholar, Department of Zoology, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar- 608 002, Tamilnadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rajkumar S Bagali</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sunil S Jalalpure</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SS Patil</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In-vitro Antioxidant and In-Vivo Hepatoprotective Activity of Ethenolic Extract of Tectona grandis Bark Against CCl4 Induced Liver Injury in Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CCL4 induced hepatopathy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hepatotoxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Histopathology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quinones</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tectona grandis</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">598-602</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objectives:&lt;/strong&gt; The systematic screening of &lt;em&gt;Tectona grandis &lt;/em&gt;bark with the purpose of discovering new bioactive compounds as a hepatoprotective agent and to establish the scientific basis for the therapeutic actions of traditional plant medicines. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Tectona grandis&lt;/em&gt; bark ethenolic extract was studied for the hepatoprotective activity against CCl&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; induced liver injury in rats. Serum enzymes level, total bilirubin and histopathological study of liver were performed. This extract’s DPPH radical scavenging potential was also studied. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Oral administration of ethenolic extract of &lt;em&gt;Tectona grandis &lt;/em&gt;bark (200 mg/kg) exhibited significant reduction (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.05) in CCl&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;-induced increased levels of SGPT, SGOT, ALP and bilirubin (Total) concentration. Treatment with Liv 52 syrup also reversed the hepatotoxicity significantly (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.05). Histopathological studies also provided supportive evidence for biochemical analysis. This extract also showed better activity in quenching DPPH radical.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tectona grandis &lt;/em&gt;bark ethenolic extract shown to have hepatoprotective and antioxidant action due to presence of quinones and tannin like phytoconstituents.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">598</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rajkumar S Bagali&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Sunil S Jalalpure&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, SS Patil&lt;sup&gt;3 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Ashokrao Mane College of Pharmacy, Peth Vadgaon, Maharashtra, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, K.L.E University, College of Pharmacy, Nehrunagar, Belgaum-10, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutics, Ashokrao Mane College of Pharmacy, Peth Vadgaon, Maharashtra, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geetha Balasubramaniam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mahendran Sekar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Subban Ravi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shrishailappa Badami</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Isolation and Structural Characterization of Phytoconstituents from Strobilanthes kunthianus</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Column chromatography</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavone glycoside</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neela kurinji</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytoconstituents</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Strobilanthes kunthianus</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1605-1611</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Strobilanthes kunthianus &lt;/em&gt;T Anders (Neela kurinji) is well known for its medicinal properties and reported to possess many biological activities. However, so far there is no phytoconstituents are isolated and reported in&lt;em&gt; S. kunthianus.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study aimed to isolate and characterize the chemical constituents present in various parts of &lt;em&gt;S. kunthianus.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The successive petroleum ether root and stem extracts, chloroform stem extract, macerated and crude methanol flower extracts were subjected to column chromatography for the isolation of constituents. All the isolated compounds were characterized based on their physical and spectral data analysis. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Ten compounds were isolated and being reported for the first time from &lt;em&gt;S. kunthianus.&lt;/em&gt; Except lupeol (&lt;strong&gt;1&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;2&lt;/strong&gt;), betulin (&lt;strong&gt;3&lt;/strong&gt;), α-amyrin (&lt;strong&gt;5&lt;/strong&gt;) and β-sitosterol (&lt;strong&gt;7&lt;/strong&gt;), other five compounds including of 3,5-bis-(dimethylcarbamoyl)methyl)-4-(11- cyclohexylundecyl)-4-heptyl-N1,N1,N7,N7 tetramethylheptanediamide (&lt;strong&gt;4&lt;/strong&gt;), 4-amino-tetrahydro- 2H-pyran-3,5-diol (&lt;strong&gt;6&lt;/strong&gt;), 2-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3-methyl-4-((E)-3,6-dimethylundec-4-enyl)cyclohexyl propionate (&lt;strong&gt;8&lt;/strong&gt;), flavone glycoside (&lt;strong&gt;9&lt;/strong&gt;) and decahydro-1,1,4a,8-tetramethylphenanthren- 2(1H,3H,4bH)-one (&lt;strong&gt;10&lt;/strong&gt;), isolated from&lt;em&gt; S. kunthianus &lt;/em&gt;were novel. Conclusion: The novel compounds need to be further investigated for ascertain pharmacological activities which will be useful for further drug development.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1605</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Geetha Balasubramaniam&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Mahendran Sekar&lt;sup&gt;3,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Subban Ravi&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Shrishailappa Badami&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Swamy Vivekanandha College of Pharmacy, Elayampalayam, Tiruchengode – 637205, Tamilnadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Rocklands, Udhagamandalam – 643001, Nilgiris, Tamilnadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Universiti Kuala Lumpur Royal College of Medicine Perak, Ipoh – 30450, Perak, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore – 640 021, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Chaitanya Vikas Yoga &amp;amp; Nature Cure Centre, Rajatgiri, Dharwad – 580004, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jai Prabhu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">K Prabhu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anathbandhu Chaudhuri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mudiganti Ram Krishna Rao</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">VS Kalai Selvi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TK Balaji</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sruthi Dinakar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neuro-protective Effect of Ayurveda Formulation, Saraswatharishtam, on Scopolamine Induced Memory Impairment in Animal Model</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ayurvedic medicine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elevated Plus Maze</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neuroprotection</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Piracetam</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Saraswatharishtam</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scopolamine</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February  2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6-13</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;In the management of neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases, memory loss remains very challenging. Saraswatharishtam (SWRT) is an ayurvedic formulation prescribed for several neurological illnesses like acute anxiety, partial memory loss, slurred speech, neuro degenerative diseases like Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s etc. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Present study explores the possibilities of curative effects of SWRT on Scopolamine induced memory impairment and to compare the effects of commonly used drug piracetam. Adult Wistar Swiss albino mice were used for this experiment and divided into five different groups for the treatments of the drugs in various combinations. The first group was vehicle treated control while the second group was treated with scopolamine to induce memory impairment. The third group of animals were treated with Scopolamine where the mice were pretreated with standard neuroprotective drug Piracetam, while the fourth and fifth group of animals were treated with scopolamine and the animals were pretreated with SWRT at the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg respectively to compare with the effect of Piracetam. Scopolamine was administered on day eight, only for 45 minutes in all the cases (Group I- Group V). Several neurobehavioral parameters were examined to confirm the neuroprotective effects of SWRT. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Saraswatharishtam significantly reversed the memory loss in mice model revealed from elevated plus maze, radial maze and rectangular maze experiments justifying its neuroprotective potential as observed in usually used synthetic Piracetam. SWRT was found to be nontoxic and very promising antioxidant recorded from acute and chronic toxicological studies. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;It is suggested that SWRT, could be used as safe and easily available Ayurveda medicine to treat neurological dysfunctions without any side effects. Further translational research is needed to explore its neuro-protective potential.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Jai Prabhu&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, K Prabhu&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Anathbandhu Chaudhuri&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Mudiganti Ram Krishna Rao&lt;sup&gt;4,&lt;/sup&gt;*, VS Kalai Selvi&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, TK Balaji&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Sruthi Dinakar&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;strong&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Research Scholar, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Assistant Professor, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, 35401, USA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Professor, Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Professor, Department of Anatomy, Chettinad Health City, Chennai 603103, Tamil nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Ayurvedic Physician, Kottakkal Arya Vaidhya Sala, Chennai, Tamil nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jai Prabhu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">K Prabhu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anathbandhu Chaudhuri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mudiganti Ram Krishna Rao</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">V S Kalai Selvi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">T K Balaji</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shruthi Dinakar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neuro-protective Effect of Ayurveda Formulation, Saraswatharishtam, on Scopolamine Induced Memory Impairment in Animal Model</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ayurvedic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elevated Plus Maze</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neuro-protection</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Piracetam</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Saraswatharishtam</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scopolamine</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">465-472</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; In the management of neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases, memory loss remains very challenging. Saraswatharishtam (SWRT) is an ayurvedic formulation prescribed for several neurological ailments like acute anxiety, partial memory loss, slurred speech, neuro-degenerative diseases like Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s etc. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Present study explores the possibilities of curative effects of SWRT on Scopolamine induced memory impairment and to compare the effects of commonly used drug Piracetam. Adult Wistar Swiss albino mice were used for this experiment and divided into five different groups for the treatments of the drugs in various combinations. The first group was vehicle treated control while the second group was treated with scopolamine to induce memory impairment. The third groups of animals were treated with Scopolamine where the mice were pretreated with standard neuro-protective drug Piracetam, while the fourth and fifth groups of animals were treated with scopolamine and the animals were pretreated with SWRT at the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg respectively to compare with the effect of Piracetam. Scopolamine was administered on day eight, only for 45 minutes in all the cases (Group I- Group V). Several neurobehavioral parameters were examined to confirm the neuro-protective effects of SWRT. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Saraswatharishtam significantly reversed the memory loss in mice model as revealed from elevated plus maze, radial maze and rectangular maze experiments justifying its neuroprotective potential as observed in usually used synthetic Piracetam. SWRT was found to be nontoxic and very promising antioxidant recorded from acute and chronic toxicological studies. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;It is suggested that SWRT, could be used as safe and easily available Ayurveda medicine to treat neurological dysfunctions without any side effects. Further translational research is needed to explore its neuro-protective potential.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">465</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Jai Prabhu&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, K Prabhu&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Anathbandhu Chaudhuri&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Mudiganti Ram Krishna Rao&lt;sup&gt;4,*&lt;/sup&gt;, VS Kalai Selvi&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, TK Balaji&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Sruthi Dinakar&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Research Scholar, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Assistant Professor, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, 35401, USA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Professor, Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Professor, Department of Anatomy, Chettinad Health City, Chennai 603103, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Ayurvedic Physician, Kottakkal Arya Vaidhya Sala, Chennai, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sardar Hussain</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Janardhana Papayya Balakrishna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Surapaneni Krishna Mohan</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paronychia argentea: A Critical Comprehensive Review on its Diverse Medicinal Potential and Future as Therapeutics</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-microbial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-oxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bioactivity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Herbal medicine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nephroprotective</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oxidative stress</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paronychia argentea</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Therapeutic value</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ulcerative colitis</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1172-1179</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Paronychia argentea&lt;/em&gt; has been used since long as a traditional medicine for the treatment of diabetes, kidney stones, anti-microbial and many other human diseases. However, the plant has not been explored much. In the present scenario of drug resistance and toxicity associated with available drugs, there is a need for elaborated studies of plants like &lt;em&gt;Paronychia argeneta&lt;/em&gt; which had been used as folk medicines. &lt;strong&gt;Aim and Objectives:&lt;/strong&gt; The present article is focused on reviewing the ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, traditional usage, biological activities, of &lt;em&gt;Paronychia argentea&lt;/em&gt; which has been used in traditional medicinal system for ages. The aim of the study was to assess the ethnopharmacological usage of this plant and to explore therapeutic potentials and future opportunities for research. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Information on the traditional usage and studies of the &lt;em&gt;Paronychia argentea&lt;/em&gt; was gathered from from various journals, MSc dissertation, conference abstract, local books. Various search engines including Google Scholar, Baidu Scholar, Elsevier, ACS, Pubmed, Web of Science, CNKI and EMBASE were used to collect the information along with libraries. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Paronychia argentea&lt;/em&gt; has played an important role in traditional medicines in Algeria, Portugal, Israel and Jordan. The aerial parts of this plant are used as diuretics in Algerian traditional medicines and are used as antiurolithiasis. Leaf decoction of this plant is also used as diuretic. &lt;em&gt;Paronychia argentea&lt;/em&gt; has been used as analgesic, treatment of stomach ulcer, anorexia, and flatulence in Portugal. Scientific studies on extracts of &lt;em&gt;Paronychia&lt;/em&gt; revealed a wide range of pharmacological activities including anti-microbial activity, anti-oxidant, nephroprotective activity. Moreover, few reports have given contradictory data for usage of &lt;em&gt;Paronychia &lt;/em&gt;when compared with its traditional usage. As in the case of alpha-amylase inhibitory efficacy of PA, it was observed that PA inhibits alpha-amylase activity but later on it was proven that PA does not have a hypoglycemic effect. Main bioactive metabolites present in this plant include alkaloids, flavonoids, volatile oils, etc. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; Based on this review, there are evidences from various studies regarding pharmacological effects of this plant as nephroprotective, anti-oxidant, anti-microbial activity. Some indications from &lt;em&gt;in vitro &lt;/em&gt;studies have confirmed the inhibitory activity of this plant extract against alpha amylase enzyme. The available literature showed that most of the activities of the &lt;em&gt;Paronychia&lt;/em&gt; can be accredited to the flavonoids present in them. Data regarding mechanisms of action of this plant along with pharmacokinetics, toxicology studies is still limited, which indicate the need of such studies for the clinical usage of this plant.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Review Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1172</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Sardar Hussain&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Janardhana Papayya Balakrishna&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Surapaneni Krishna Mohan&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College &amp;amp; Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical &amp;amp; Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Velappanchavadi, Chennai – 600 077, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biotechnology, Government Science College, Chitradurga-577501, , Karnataka, India&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Stem Cell Biology, Stellixir Biotech Pvt Ltd, No.V-31, 2nd floor, 10th Main Road, Peenya 2nd Stage Industrial Area, Bangalore - 560058, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry, Panimalar Medical College Hospital &amp;amp; Research Institute, Varadharajapuram, Poonamallee, Chennai – 600 123, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sharada L Deore</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Poonam B Bhansali</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bhushan A Baviskar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognostic, Phytochemical and in vitro Biological Evaluation of Blepharis repens (Vahl) Roth</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-cancer</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-microbial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-oxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bioautography</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blepharisrepens</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HL-60</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">952-961</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Blepharis repens&lt;/em&gt; (Vahl) Roth of Acanthaceae family, commonly known as Hadsan in Marathi and Haridachchu in Kannada, is threatened species due to exploitation from natural habitat.&lt;strong&gt; Objectives: &lt;/strong&gt;The objective of present study is to establish scientifically well evaluated pharmacognostic and biological efficacy parameters. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Microscopical parameters of leaf, root and stem are evaluated. Powder microscopy, physicochemical analysis, elemental analysis, fluorescence analysis, preliminary phytochemical screening and estimation of major phytoconstituents of whole herb powder are carried out. &lt;em&gt;In vitro &lt;/em&gt;biological evaluation of Blepharisrepens carried out for antioxidant potential by DPPH method, &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; anticancer activity by SRB assay and antimicrobial efficacy by both agar well diffusion and bioautography methods. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Morphologically, roots are cylindrical and elongated, leaf has symmetric base, entire margin, acute apex while stem is cylindrical, elongated. Microscopic evaluation reveals that both leaf and stem are covered with trichomes. Leaf has unicellular uniseriate trichomes while stem has multi-cellular uniseriate covering trichomes. Physicochemical evaluation revealed that total ash, acid insoluble ash and water-soluble ash values 13.85 7.7 and 3.1% respectively. Petroleum ether, alcohol and water extractive values found 0.84%, 1.64%, and 3.52% respectively. Loss on drying value is found 3.43%. Element analysis of whole herb confirms presence of nitrogen, sulphate and carbonate. Fluorescence tests are performed by treatment with different acids and alkalis and exposure to ultraviolet light. Phytochemical screening shows presence of carbohydrates, alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids and saponins. Estimation of phytochemicals like carbohydrate, alkaloid, tannin and flavonoid found 5.78%, 1.43%, 5.7% and 1.48% respectively. Biological evaluation reveals that plant has significant antioxidant and antimicrobial activity while plant is devoid of &lt;em&gt;in-vitro &lt;/em&gt;anticancer activity against human leukemia cell line HL-60.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">952</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sharada L. Deore*, Poonam B. Bhansali, Bhushan A. Baviskar &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Government College of Pharmacy, Kathora naka, Amravati (Maharashtra) 444604, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Warsinah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hanif Nasiatul Baroroh</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognostic Profile of Ageratum conyzoides L Plant and Simplicia</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nil</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1072-1076</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ageratum conyzoides &lt;/em&gt;Linn. is known as billy goat weed, including the family Asteraceae. This plant has been used empirically as a medicine for diarrhea, scratches, antinflammatory, snakebite, insecticide and nemasiticide. This study aims to identify plants based on pharmacognitive profiles including macroscopy, microscopy and non-parametric characters from plant parts of &lt;em&gt;Ageratum conyzoides&lt;/em&gt; to determine the standardization of herbs. The results showed that the leaves were ovoid, pale green, soft hairy and purple, bluish or white flowers flowers. Microscopic observations of cross section of stem and leaf showed the presence of parenchyma cells, collenchyma cells and multicellular non-glandular trichomes, upper and lower epidermal cells, stomata in the upper and lower epidermis of the leaf. The highest value of water content was in the radix. The highest value of ash content was in the stem. The highest value of acid soluble ash content was in the radix. The highest value of water-soluble extract was in the folium. The highest value of ethanol-soluble extract was in the flower. The results of this study can be used as authentication of plant parts and a basis for the analysis of the standard pharmacopoeia&lt;em&gt; A. conyzoides.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1072</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Warsinah*, Hanif Nasiatul Baroroh&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Jenderal Soedirman, Purwokerto, Central Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geetha Balasubramaniam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mahendran Sekar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shrishailappa Badami</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognostical, Physicochemical and Phytochemical Evaluation of Strobilanthes kunthianus (Acanthaceae)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognostic standardization</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physico-chemical evaluation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Strobilanthes kunthianus</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">731-741</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;The present study aimed to evaluate pharmacognostical, physicochemical and phytochemical evaluation of various parts of &lt;em&gt;Strobilanthes kunthianus.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Macroscopical, microscopical, physico-chemical and phytochemical evaluations of leaves, stem, root and flowers of &lt;em&gt;S. kunthianus&lt;/em&gt; were investigated. The paraffin embedded specimens were sectioned with the help of Rotary Microtome. The thickness of the sections was 10-12 μm and dewaxing was done by customary procedure. The sections were stained with toluidine blue for microscopical analysis. The preliminary phytochemical study was carried out for various extracts of &lt;em&gt;S. kunthianus&lt;/em&gt; using standard procedure. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; In the pharmacognostical, physicochemical and phytochemical studies, in an attempt to standardize the leaves, stem and root of &lt;em&gt;S. kunthianus &lt;/em&gt;have been shown that will be definitely useful to the future researchers for the identification of the plant. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; These studies offer referential evidence for accurate identification and standardization of &lt;em&gt;S. kunthianus.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">731</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Geetha Balasubramaniam&lt;sup&gt;1,2,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Mahendran Sekar&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Shrishailappa Badami&lt;sup&gt;4 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Swamy Vivekanandha College of Pharmacy, Elayampalayam, Tiruchengode – 637205, Tamilnadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Rocklands, Udhagamandalam – 643001, Tamilnadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Universiti Kuala Lumpur Royal College of Medicine Perak, Ipoh – 30450, Perak, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Chaitanya Vikas Yoga and Nature Cure Centre, Rajatgiri, Dharwad - 580004, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sreedhar V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J Mastanaiah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">B Chakrapani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">D Venkata Narayana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">B Nagendra Babu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">M Sushma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">C Usha Sree</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">N Krishna Sree</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacological Screening of Anti Lice and Antidandruff Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Leaves of Datura metel</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti dandruff</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti lice</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Datura metel</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ethnomedical use</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacological screening</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1653-1657</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;It should be noticed that there is no drugs is available to treat lice and dandruff both are very great public health concern. So it is necessary to screen a drug especially of herbal origin to treat the both head lice and dandruff without affecting eyes. In the present study, &lt;em&gt;Datura metel &lt;/em&gt;leaf extracts was evaluated for their insecticidal properties using head lice as an insect model. The study was conducted from November 2019 to March 2020. Plant sample (leaf) of &lt;em&gt;Datura metel&lt;/em&gt; was collected from anantapur, Andhra Pradesh, India in November 2019. The various concentration of ethanolic extract of leaves of &lt;em&gt;Datura metel&lt;/em&gt; was prepared by using distilled water. 20%, 40%, 60% were used. A colony of P.humanus capitis was collected by combing the hair of 20-25 infected children at the age group of 10-15. Head lice were reared in the glass vessels covered with nylon mesh containing tufts of hairs. The hair tufts was impregnated with appropriate doses for the screening. Pure culture of M.furfur (MTCC: 1374) was obtained from institute of Microbial type of culture collection, Chandigarh, India. The culture was maintained in SDA medium. The current study afford scientific basis for the ethnomedical use of this plant as antilice application. It is concluded that it can be optimistic that the present work proved &lt;em&gt;Datura metel &lt;/em&gt;of dual therapeutic advantage to be a potential phytochemical target in the design of a drug for the treatment of both lice and dandruff.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1653</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sreedhar V&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, J Mastanaiah&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, B Chakrapani&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, D Venkata Narayana&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, B Nagendra Babu&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, M Sushma&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, C Usha Sree&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, N Krishna Sree&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Balaji College of Pharmacy, Rudrampeta, Alamur, Ananthapuramu, Andhra Pradesh 515001, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Emelia Oppong Bekoe</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yakubu Jibira</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gladys Amponsah Agyei</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physicochemical, Phytochemical, Heavy Metal and Microbiological Analysis of Moringa oleifera Lam. Leaves</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fluorescence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heavy metal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Microbiological</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognostic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physicochemical</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1541-1546</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Moringa oleifera&lt;/em&gt; leaves is one of the highly patronized herbs on the Ghanaian market. It is used for the treatment and prevention of several diseases. It is imperative that available and effective methods can be utilized to assess the quality of samples before being consumed. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;A study of the leaves was conducted to ascertain its physicochemical, phytochemical, heavy metal and microbiological content to develop a simple but acceptable criteria which could be useful in ensuring the quality of this crude drug. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The qualitative and quantitative morphological features, physicochemical, phytochemical, microbial load and flouresent features of the leaves of&lt;em&gt; M. oleifera &lt;/em&gt;were evaluated. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;M. oleifera&lt;/em&gt; leaves were found to be glaborous with opposite leaflet, leaflet tripinnate, with a micronate apex and possessing an entire margin. Microscopy showed vein islets, rosette calcium oxalate crystals, polygonal epidermal cells and unicellular trichomes. The 50 % ethanol soluble extractives of &lt;em&gt;M. oleifera&lt;/em&gt; were highest, followed by the water and petroleum ether. Tannins, alkaloids, gylcosides, phenols, flavonoids, phenols, gums, and mucilage were present. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The documented pharmacognostic features may be used as part of daily protocols to correctly identify and determine the quality of the the crude plant. The preliminary phytochemical, heavy metal and microbiological limits can be further used to ascertain the quality of raw materials of &lt;em&gt;M. oleifera&lt;/em&gt; before they are used.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1541</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Emelia Oppong Bekoe&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Yakubu Jibira&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Gladys Amponsah Agyei&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy and Herbal Medicine, School of Pharmacy, University of Ghana, GHANA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, GHANA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ade Arsianti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anton Bahtiar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vincent Kharisma Wangsaputra</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Norma Nur Azizah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wilzar Fachri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lince Dameria Nadapdap</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ajeng Megawati Fajrin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hiroki Tanimoto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kiyomi Kakiuchi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical Composition and Evaluation of Marine Algal Sargassum polycystum for Antioxidant Activity and In Vitro Cytotoxicity on Hela Cells</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytotoxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HeLa cells</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">phytochemisty</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sargassum polycystum</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February  2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">88-94</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sargassum polycystum&lt;/em&gt; is one of marine algal which has a potent antioxidant anticancer activities. This research aims to investigate phytochemical composition, antioxidant activity and &lt;em&gt;in vitro &lt;/em&gt;cytotoxicity of marine algal &lt;em&gt;Sargassum polycystum &lt;/em&gt;on cervical HeLa cancer.&lt;strong&gt; Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Sargassum polycystum&lt;/em&gt; collected from Dompu beach, Lombok, Nusa Tenggara Barat Province, Indonesia, were extracted into organic solvent of n-hexane, ethylacetate, chloroform and ethanol, respectively. Subsequently, &lt;em&gt;Sargassum polycystum&lt;/em&gt; extracts were applied for Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) analysis, phytochemistry test, total phenolic and total flavonoid contents, as well as for antioxidant activity test by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) method, and in vitro cytotoxicity evaluation on HeLa cells by MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5- diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Phytochemical analysis of&lt;em&gt; S. polycystum&lt;/em&gt; extracts are positive for metabolites of flavonoid, steroid, tannin and glycoside. TLC analysis revealed that &lt;em&gt;S. polycystum&lt;/em&gt; extracts containing four phytochemical components. Ethylacetate extract of&lt;em&gt; S. polycystum&lt;/em&gt; showed the highest total phenolic content, and exhibited greater antioxidant activity than ethanol extract. Total phenolic and total flavonoid content in ethylacetate extract are 548.61 μg/mL and 40.06 μg /mL, respectively. Ethylacetate extract of &lt;em&gt;S. polycystum&lt;/em&gt; with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value of 298.3 μg/mL is assigned to have a weak antioxidant activity against DPPH free radical. The results indicate that antioxidant activity of ethylacetate extracts of &lt;em&gt;S. polycystum&lt;/em&gt; is directly correlated with its total phenolic and flavonoid content. Moreover, &lt;em&gt;S. polycystum&lt;/em&gt; extracts demonstrated a strong anticancer activity on cervical HeLa cells with IC&lt;sub&gt;50 &lt;/sub&gt;ranging from 38.3 μg/mL to 112.8 μg/mL. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; This work confirmed that S.polycystum are promising natural antioxidant and anti-cervical cancer agents.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">88</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ade Arsianti&lt;sup&gt;1,2,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Anton Bahtiar&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Vincent Kharisma Wangsaputra&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Norma Nur Azizah&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Wilzar Fachri&lt;sup&gt;5,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Lince Dameria Nadapdap&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Ajeng Megawati Fajrin1, Hiroki Tanimoto&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Kiyomi Kakiuchi&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Drug Development Research Cluster, Indonesia Medical Education and Research Institute (IMERI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Jalan Salemba Raya 6 Jakarta 10430, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Indonesia, Depok, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Medical Student, Faculty of Medicine University of Indonesia, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Medical Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara, JAPAN.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Awa KA</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kady Diatta Badji</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moustapha Bassimbé Sagna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aliou Guissé</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Emmanuel Bassène</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical Screening and Antioxidant Activity of the Fruits of Boscia senegalensis (Pers.) Lam. e.g. Pear. (Capparaceae)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boscia senegalensis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fruits</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical screening</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1042-1049</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aims to assess the phytochemical composition and antioxidant activity of the fruits (pulp and seeds) of &lt;em&gt;Boscia senegalensis&lt;/em&gt; from the Ferlo zone in Northern Senegal.&lt;strong&gt; Material and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Fruit collection of &lt;em&gt;Boscia senegalensis&lt;/em&gt; was carried out in three Ferlo’s localities: Tessékéré, Labgar and Ranérou. The sample consists of 36 individuals selected randomly from each locality. The major chemical groups were determined by conventional methods using specific general reagents. The determination of total polyphenols and total flavonoids, the 2,2-diphenyl-1picrylhydrazyl (DPPH.) radical scavenging activity and ferric reducing of antioxidant power (FRAP) were evaluated by spectrophotometry. &lt;strong&gt;Results and Discussion: &lt;/strong&gt;The results of the photochemical screening revealed the presence of saponins, alkaloids, sterols and triterpenes, flavonoids and polyphenols in both parts of the fruit (pulp and seeds). Assays carried out on extracts of pulp and seed powders reveals higher levels of total polyphenols and flavonoids in the pulp. The study of antioxidant activity has shown that hydro-ethanol extracts of pulp and seeds have a very interesting reducing activity, particularly in the pulp. However, we can see a weak antiradical activity of these extracts. The origin effect has a weak influence on the antiradical and reducing activity of the pulp and seed extracts.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;The biological activity of the harvested &lt;em&gt;Boscia senegalensis&lt;/em&gt; extracts highlighted in this study could justify the traditional uses of this plant in the treatment of several pathologies. This fruit should be consumed in order to prevent few dietary imbalances or valorized in order to develop new bioactive compounds.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1042</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Awa KA&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Kady Diatta Badji&lt;sup&gt;1,4&lt;/sup&gt;, Moustapha Bassimbé Sagna&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Aliou Guissé&lt;sup&gt;2,3,4,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Emmanuel Bassène&lt;sup&gt;1,4 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Pharmacognosy and Botany Laboratory, Cheikh Anta Diop University, B.P. 5005, Dakar-Fann, SÉNÉGAL.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Cheikh Anta Diop University, B.P.5005. Dakar-Fann, SÉNÉGAL.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Human Observatory International Environment, Tessékéré (UCAD/CNRS), SÉNÉGAL.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;UMI 3189 &quot;Environment, Health, Societies&quot;, SÉNÉGAL.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fitri Santy Budiarso</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berna Elya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Hanafi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Roshamur Cahyan Forestrania</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Potential of Stem Bark of Kayu Sarampa (Xylocarpus moluccensis (Lam.) M. Roen)) as α-glucosidase Inhibitor</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antidiabetic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kayu Sarampa</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1368-1376</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; The prevalence of diabetes mellitus type 2 in the world is more than 230 million people, increases about 3% in a year. Kayu Sarampa or Nyirih batu (&lt;em&gt;Xylocarpus moluccensis&lt;/em&gt; (Lam.) M. Roen) has traditionally been used to treat diabetic patient by native people in Ratahan, North Celebes, Indonesia. Therefore, this research was sequentially extracted bioactive component from stem bark of kayu sarampa showed alpha glucosidase inhibitor. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To assess antioxidants and alpha glucosidase inhibitory activity of hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol extract from stem bark of Kayu Sarampa. &lt;strong&gt;Method:&lt;/strong&gt; The Stem bark was extracted with Reflux method using hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol as mobile phae/solvent. The Hexane Extract (HE), Ethyl Acetic Extract (EAE) and Methanol Extract (ME) were subjected to the antioxidant activity assay by the 2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and the ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) method. Antidiabetic activity was determined by enzymatic alpha-glucosidase inhibitor. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The extract which had the highest activity based on the DPPH test and FRAP test was the ME compared with EAE, and HE with IC50 values of 16.51 μg/mL, 34.10 51 μg/mL, and 38.82 51 μg/mL , respectively. Ferrous equivalent antioxidant capacity (FeEAC) method, methanolic extract had a higher reduction capacity than the EH and EEA which were 148.96 μmol/gr, 48.96 μmol/gr, and 148.96 μmol/gr, respectively. The result showed that kayu sarampa stem bark exhibited antidiabetic activity due to its high inhibition compared with control (acarbose). ME showed inhibition of 53,11% followed with EAE 49,7%, HE 44,53%, and acarbose as control 29,32%.Conclusion: stem bark of kayu sarampa have bioactive component as alpha glucosidase inhibitor&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1368</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fitri Santy Budiarso&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Berna Elya&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Muhammad Hanafi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Roshamur Cahyan Forestrania&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI Depok, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Indonesian Institute of Sciences and Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pancasila, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gunawan Pasaribu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Emil Budianto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Herry Cahyana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Endang Saepudin</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A Review on Genus Saurauia: Chemical Compounds and their Biological Activity</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biological activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemical compounds</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Human disease remedy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Saurauia</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">657-666</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Saurauia&lt;/em&gt; plant has been widely used to treat a variety of diseases suffered by villagers at various places in the world. These species are widely used traditionally by the community as antidiabetic and digestive problems’ remedy. This paper will present various uses and researches ever carried out by researchers in the world on various types of the genus &lt;em&gt;Saurauia&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;strong&gt; Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The Information was collected from scientific journals, books, and reports.&lt;strong&gt; Results: &lt;/strong&gt;This review summarizes the existing information on several species of&lt;em&gt; Saurauia&lt;/em&gt; in relation to their chemical compounds and biological activity. There are some of chemical compounds present and identified in &lt;em&gt;Saurauia&lt;/em&gt;, i.e. 3β-hydroxy-Olean-12-en- 28oic acid; 3,19-Dihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid; 3-hidroksi, 12(13)-en, 28-oleanolat acid; actinidin; several monoterpene lactones; seven triterpenoids, namely, cis-3-O-p-hydroxycinnamoyl ursolic acid; trans-3-O-p-hydroxycinnamoyl ursolic acid; ursolic acid; oleanolic acid; corosolic acid; maslinic acid; and β-amyrin; and two steroids, stigmasterol; and β-sitosterol. There are several biological activities afforded by &lt;em&gt;Saurauia &lt;/em&gt;i.e. antioxidant activity, anti-cholesterol, antidiabetic activity, antihyperlipidemic, analgetic activity, antimicrobial activity, wound-healing activity and immunostimulatory activity.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Review Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">657</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Gunawan Pasaribu&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Emil Budianto&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Herry Cahyana&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Endang Saepudin&lt;sup&gt;2 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Postgraduated Student at Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Matematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Matematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arif Budiman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diah Lia Aulifa</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A Study Comparing Antibacterial Activity of Ageratum Conyzoides L. Extract and Piper Betle L. Extract in Gel Dosage Forms Against Staphylococcus Aureus</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ageratum conyzoides L. extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gel</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Piper betle L. extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Staphylococcus aureus</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">473-477</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Microorganisms such as bacteria and viruses often infect humans in their living environments. &lt;em&gt;Staphylococcus aureus&lt;/em&gt; (SA) are gram-positive bacteria that are widely used in antibacterial activity experiments and cause infection in the body surface of mammals. &lt;em&gt;Ageratum conyzoides &lt;/em&gt;L. (AC) and Piper betle L. (PB)are the natural herbs which have antibacterial activity against SA. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This research was aimed to compare the antibacterial activity of AC with PB extracts in gel dosage form against SA. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The antibacterial activity of both extracts were determined by disc diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) were evaluated by the microdilution method. These extracts were formulated into gel dosage form using sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) with various concentrations and then evaluated for pH, viscosity and antibacterial activity. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The results show that both AC and PB extracts have antibacterial activity against SA with MIC value of 2 % and 5 %, respectively. Then, the gel containing 4 % sodium CMC showed the best physical stability, either containing AC or PB extract. The gel dosage forms of both extracts did not show any difference in organoleptic properties, pH and viscosity after 28 days storage. The gel dosage forms of AC and PB extracts have antibacterial activity with inhibition zone of 20.3 mm ± 1.3 mm and 15.21 ± 1.3 mm, respectively. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; ,The antibacterial activity of AC extract was higher compared to that of PB extract in the gel dosage form.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">473</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Arif Budiman&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Diah Lia Aulifa&lt;sup&gt;2 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km. 21. INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Indonesian School of Pharmacy, Jl. Soekarno Hatta no.354, Bandung, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Angelina V Strelyaeva</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olga A Larina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alla M Antsyshkina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Roman M Kuznetsov</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alina A Bondar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vladimir A Sorokin</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Study of External Signs, Microscopy and Chemical Composition of Medicinal Plant Materials of Verоnica beccabunga L. Herb</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-Benzyl-1H-benzimidazole 3-oxide</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Verоnica beccabunga L.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">391-403</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Veronica beccabunga&lt;/em&gt; L. belongs to the class dicotyledons, order &lt;em&gt;Lamiáles&lt;/em&gt;, family &lt;em&gt;Scrophulariaceae.&lt;/em&gt; Representatives of the genus Veronica have long been used in folk medicine as antiinflammatory, antibacterial, antiseptic, wound healing, hemostatic, choleretic and antispasmodic drugs. Widely studied species are &lt;em&gt;Veronica officinalis&lt;/em&gt; and&lt;em&gt; Veronica chamaedrys.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;Veronica beccabunga &lt;/em&gt;L., which is the object of our study, remains a poorly studied plant. &lt;strong&gt;Aim:&lt;/strong&gt; The study of external signs, microscopy and chemical composition of medicinal plant materials of &lt;em&gt;Verоnica beccabunga&lt;/em&gt; L. herb. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Chromato-mass spectrometry was used in the work. &lt;strong&gt;Results and Discussion: &lt;/strong&gt;When describing external signs and microscopy, diagnostic signs of &lt;em&gt;Verоnica beccabunga&lt;/em&gt; were revealed. 27 compounds were identified by chromatography-mass spectrometry. The maximum content falls on: Citronellol epoxide (R or S) (30.5 %), Linolenic acid, ethyl ester (15.18), Diethyl succinate (12.17%), Ethyl palmitate (6.43%), Phytol (4.89%), Acetaldehyde ethyl amyl acetal (3.94%), Dibenzylamine (3.01%), Oleamide (2.77%), 2-(1-Methylbutyl)oxirane (2.7%), Butyl octyl phthalate(1.7%), Ethyl 10-bromodecanoate (1.68), Valeric acid, 4-methyl-, ethyl ester (1.58). Glycoside detected : 1-Benzyl-1Hbenzimidazole 3-oxide (0.76%). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The revealed morphological and anatomical signs of &lt;em&gt;Verоnica beccabunga &lt;/em&gt;herb can be used to diagnose this species and develop authenticity indicators for promising medicinal herbs. 27 compounds were identified by chromatographymass spectrometry. Using the method of simple normalization, the relative percentage of identified compounds was determined.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">391</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Angelina V Strelyaeva, Olga A Larina*, Alla M Antsyshkina, Roman M Kuznetsov, Alina A Bondar, Vladimir A Sorokin &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Pharmaceutical Natural, Science Department Izmailovsky Boulevard, 8, 105043, Moscow, RUSSIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Emelia Oppong Bekoe</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cindy Kitcher</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Philip Debrah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Patrick Amoateng</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paul Owusu Donkor</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sarfoa Martinson</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A Study on Phyllanthus amarus; Pharmacognostic, Mycobactericidal and Mutagenic Properties</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fluorescence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mutagenic activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">P. amarus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognostic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tuberculosis</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1732-1739</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Phyllanthus amarus&lt;/em&gt; is a medicinal plant used in the treatment of various ailments which include gonorrhoea, jaundice, diabetes, kidney diseases, bladder and intestinal infections, influenza, measles, viral infections, and tuberculosis. Tuberculosis treatment is faced with many challenges, resulting in a prolonged treatment regimen and potential treatment failure. There is a need to search for more favourable treatment options. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; This study aimed at investigating the pharmacognostic and mycobactericidal properties of &lt;em&gt;P. amarus. &lt;/em&gt;Since toxicity could also be an issue, the mutagenic activity of this plant was also assessed. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The macroscopic, microscopic, and physicochemical characteristics were assessed with reference to the Quality Control Methods for Herbal Material WHO (2011). The mycobactericidal activity was determined by the agar diffusion and broth dilution methods, while mutagenicity was investigated by the Ames test. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;P. amarus &lt;/em&gt;contained tannins, flavonoids, glycosides, saponins and steroids. The 50% ethanol extract exhibited activity against &lt;em&gt;M. smegmatis&lt;/em&gt; at 100 mg/mL with an inhibitory zone of 2.0 cm.&lt;em&gt; P. amarus&lt;/em&gt; had a minimum inhibitory concentration of 50 mg/mL while that of rifampin was 0.1 μg/mL. &lt;em&gt;P. amarus&lt;/em&gt; showed weak mutagenicity at a concentration of 10 μg/mL. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The documented pharmacognostic characteristics can be used for quality control of the crude plant material. The mycobactericidal activity also affirmed its folkloric use in the treatment of tuberculosis. The mycobactericidal activity can be further exploited for drug development.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1732</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Emelia Oppong Bekoe&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Cindy Kitcher&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Philip Debrah&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Patrick Amoateng&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Paul Owusu Donkor&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Sarfoa Martinson&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy and Herbal Medicine, School of Pharmacy, University of Ghana, GHANA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutics and Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, University of Ghana, GHANA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, University of Ghana, GHANA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">K Sunand</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">G Krishna Mohan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vasudha Bakshi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Supplementation of Lactobacillus Probiotic Strains Supports Gut- Brain-Axis and Defends Autistic Deficits Occurred by Valproic Acid-Induced Prenatal Model of Autism</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Autism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dysbiosis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gut-Brain-Axis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lactobacillus strains</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">VPA</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1658-1669</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Gut microbiota can interact with the brain by bidirectional communication through Gut-Brain-Axis. Gut microbiota colonization is essential for the establishment of symbiotic relation between gut and brain. A healthy gut can properly directs the brain for its functions. Autistic people are deficient in gut microbiota, a condition known as Dysbiosis. Gastro-Intestinal symptoms are comorbid conditions in autism. Re-colonization with daily supplementation of microbiota is needed in autism.&lt;strong&gt; Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Autism induced by Valproic acid (VPA) at a dose of 400 mg/kg, i.p. on an embryonic day (ED) 12 to the pregnant rats. Born rats exhibited many autistic features, for the treatment we selected specific Lactobacilli strains such as &lt;em&gt;L. Plantarum, L. Casei, L. Acidophilus, L. Bulgaricus, &lt;/em&gt;with a dosage of not less than (NLT) 1 Billion Colony-forming units (CFU) /ml given orally every day for 42 days. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The results showed that Lactobacillus strains significant ameliorated the behavioral anomalies such as T-Maze, Memory, Social interaction studies as compared to the autistic group. Furthermore, Lactobacillus supplementation helped to shift the hypersertonomia (27.33±2.33 vs 8.167±0.72), increasesd BDNF (59.00±2.08 vs 48.17±0.60) increased IL-6 (46.00±1.52 vs 32.00±1.73) and TNF- α levels (145.0±3.21 vs 98.67 ± 2.028) to baseline. Histopathology examination of the cerebellum revealed that apoptosis and degeneration were reversed with lactobacillus treatment. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;This study proved, daily supplementation of Lactobacillus strains has reversed autistic deficits and improved immune functions might because of gut and brain symbiotic relationship.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1658</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;K. Sunand&lt;sup&gt;1,2,&lt;/sup&gt;*, G. Krishna Mohan&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Vasudha Bakshi&lt;sup&gt;3 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Centre for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Science &amp;amp; Technology, JNTU Hyderabad, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Anurag University, Hyderabad, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;School of Pharmacy, Anurag University, Hyderabad, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ade Arsianti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anton Bahtiar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fadilah Fadilah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vincent Kharisma Wangsaputra</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rafika Indah Paramita</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Norma Nur Azizah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lince Dameria Nadapdap</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ajeng Megawati Fajrin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hiroki Tanimoto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kiyomi Kakiuchi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Synthesis, Characterization, and Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Gallic Acid Nanoparticles Towards Breast T47D Cancer Cells</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytotoxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gallic acid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nanoparticle</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Synthesis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">T47D cells</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">321-327</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Gallic acid is a naturally polyphenolic acid which shows cytotoxicity against several cancer cells, as well as it displays chemo-preventive activity which is attributed to its strong apoptosis- inducing and antioxidant effects. Thus, gallic acid has become an attractive substance to be further developed due to its strong cytotoxic activity. This study aimed to synthesize gallic acid nanoparticle coating with alginate-chitosan, and evaluate its cytotoxicity against breast T47D cancer cells.&lt;strong&gt; Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Gallic acid nanoparticle was synthesized using ionic gelation method. The yield, size and morphology of the nanoparticles were determined by UV-Vis Spectroscopy, Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Cytotoxicity evaluation of gallic acid nanoparticle towards breast T47D cancer cell is carried out by MTT(3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide) assay. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Spherical nanoparticles of gallic acid with the size of 100-200 nm has been successfully synthesized in 96% of yield. Compared to gallic acid (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;: 20.86 μg/mL) and alginate-chitosan nanoparticle (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;: 38.46 μg/mL), gallic acid coating with alginate-chitosan nanoparticles demonstrated higher cytotoxicity towards breast T47D cancer cells with IC&lt;sub&gt;50 &lt;/sub&gt;value of 9.03μg/mL. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Our results clearly confirmed that gallic acid nanoparticles coating with alginate-chitosan showed a strong cytotoxicity towards breast T47D cancer cells, which is potential to be developed as a candidate for new anti-breast cancer agent.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">321</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ade Arsianti&lt;sup&gt;1,2,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Anton Bahtiar&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Fadilah Fadilah&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Vincent Kharisma Wangsaputra&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Rafika Indah Paramita&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Norma Nur Azizah&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Lince Dameria Nadapdap&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Ajeng Megawati Fajrin&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Hiroki Tanimoto&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Kiyomi Kakiuchi&lt;sup&gt;5 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Drug Development Research Cluster, Indonesia Medical Education and Research Institute (IMERI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Jalan Salemba Raya 6 Jakarta 10430, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Indonesia, Depok, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Medical Student, Faculty of Medicine University of Indonesia, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara, JAPAN.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elsa Badriyya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amalia Refina Pratiwi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dwisari Dillasamola</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yufri Aldi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elidahanum Husni</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Topical Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Bromelain</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-inflammatory</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bromelain</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Exudate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gel</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Granuloma</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leukocyte</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1586-1593</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Bromelain is a proteolytic enzyme found in pineapple plants. &lt;strong&gt;Aim:&lt;/strong&gt; This study conducted to determine the activity of bromelain enzyme as an anti-inflammatory using the Granuloma Pouch method. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The experimental animals were divided into five groups, namely the positive control group, the bromelain concentration group of 0.1%; 0.5%; 1%, and the comparison group. Experimental animals induced carrageenan 2% subcutaneously. The dosage form is given topically for 2, 4, and 6 days. The observation was made by measuring the volume of edema, the total number, and the percentage of leukocyte cells on days 2, 4, and 6. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The observation results of a positive control group, bromelain concentration 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, and the comparators, there was a significant decrease for the volume of exudate on days 2, 4, and 6 (p&amp;lt;0.05). The average total number of leukocytes also decreased significantly (p&amp;lt;0.05) in the positive control, the bromelain, and comparison group in day 2, 4, and 6. At the same time, the mean leucocyte percentage had no effect (p&amp;gt;0.05). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;From the results of the study, it was concluded that the bromelain enzyme at concentration 0.1%, 0.5%, and 1% have an anti-inflammatory effect by suppressing the volume of exudate, and the total number of leucocyte.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1586</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Elsa Badriyya, Salman, Amalia Refina Pratiwi, Dwisari Dillasamola, Yufri Aldi, Elidahanum Husni* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, University Andalas, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Avilekh Naryal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pushpender Bhardwaj</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anil Kant</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">OP Chaurasia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tsering Stobdan</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Altitude and Seed Phenotypic Effect on Amygdalin Content in Apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) Kernel</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bitterness</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cyanide</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elevation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ladakh</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seed Coat</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sweetness</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year></dates><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">xx-xx</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; Genetic component influencing amygdalin content in apricot kernel is well documented. This study aims to evaluate influence of altitude and seed phenotypic characters on amygdalin content in apricot kernel. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Fruits from 126 genotypes differing in kernel taste and seed coat colour were collected from seven locations from 3008-3346 m asl in trans-Himalaya. Amygdalin content in kernel was determined. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Amygdalin content in bitter kernel was significan tly higher (44.6±9.0 mg.g&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;) than that of sweet kernel (3.1±1.8 mg.g&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;) with brown seed coat. The geographical elevation had no influence on kernel amygdalin content. Similarly, seed and kernel physical characters, except seed coat color, had no significant effect on kernel amygdalin content. High variability within genotypes was observed suggesting that genotype played significant role on amygdalin content in apricot kernel. Low amygdalin content (2.4±1.2 mg.&lt;sup&gt;g-1&lt;/sup&gt;) in apricot kernel with white seed coat phenotype confirmed our earlier finding that the white phenotypic marker is associated with sweet kernel. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The geographical elevation had no influence on kernel amygdalin content. White seed coat phenotype can be taken as a marker for low amygdalin content in future studies.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">xx</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Avilekh Naryal&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Pushpender Bhardwaj&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Anil Kant&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, OP Chaurasia&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Tsering Stobdan&lt;sup&gt;1* &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Defence Institute of High-Altitude Research, Defence Research and Development Organisation, Leh-Ladakh-194101, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Jaypee University of Information Technology, Wakhnaghat, Solan-173215, Himachal Pradesh, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Camilla Filippi dos Santos Alves</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pauline Cordenonsi Bonez</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marcia de Souza Ebling</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Camila Casagrande</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Litiane Freitas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carolina Dolwitsch</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fernanda Pires</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michele Rorato Sagrillo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gerson Fernandes de Brum</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marli Matiko Anraku de Campos</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Roberto Christ Vianna Santos</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimicrobial, Cyto and Genotoxic Activities of Equisetum hyemale</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimicrobial activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytotoxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Equisetum hyemale</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phenolic compounds</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1563-1571</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;The popular use of natural products has great benefits for the health of the human population. In this study we highlight &lt;em&gt;Equisetum hyemale&lt;/em&gt;, belonging to the phylum Sphenophyta and the family Equisetaceae. Popularly, the stems of this plant are used for their diuretic, digestive, anti-anemic, and anti-inflammatory properties. Given this context, and the fact that the growth of antimicrobial resistance is a serious problem for global public health, this plant could be used as an alternative, to increase our therapeutic arsenal. Therefore, it is important to more clearly elucidate the complex structures present in plants, because these substances are mainly responsible for their beneficial and/or toxic effects. Thus, the objective of this study was evaluate the antimicrobial activity, cytotoxic and genotoxic potential of the phenolic compounds separately. The substances luteolin, ferulic acid and coumarin were identified at high concentrations by ultra-high performance chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS). Antimicrobial activity was elucidated through microdilution in broth; the phenolic compounds were able to inhibit the visible growth of the standard bacterial strains at low concentrations. Cytotoxicity was evaluated by MTT and genotoxicity was analysed through cellular damage using a Comet assay; the results showed that it did not present cytoxicity or genotoxicity at the corresponding concentrations. With this, we suggest that &lt;em&gt;E. hyemale&lt;/em&gt; may be an alternative for the treatment of infections by microorganisms that are resistant to synthetic drugs.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1563</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Camilla Filippi dos Santos Alves&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Pauline Cordenonsi Bonez&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Marcia de Souza Ebling&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Camila Casagrande&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Litiane Freitas&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Carolina Dolwitsch&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Fernanda Pires&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Michele Rorato Sagrillo&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Gerson Fernandes de Brum&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Marli Matiko Anraku de Campos&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Roberto Christ Vianna Santos&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Mycobacteriology Laboratory, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Oral Microbiology Research Laboratory, Microbiology and Parasitology Department, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Graduate Program in Nanoscience, Franciscan University (UFN), Santa Maria, RS, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Cell Culture Laboratory, Universidade Franciscana (UFN), Santa Maria, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anton Bahtiar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Renita Dewi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiosteoporosis Effects of 70% Ethanolic Extract Combination of Dayak Onion Bulbs (Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) Urb) and Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) on the Hypoestrogen Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiosteoporosis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bone calcium</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bone marrow fat</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bone weight</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cowpea</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dayak onion bulbs</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Raloxifene</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">632-638</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Cowpea and Dayak onion bulbs extracts were proven to have an effect on bone, cause by the content of daidzein and eleutherinol which has been known to have an affinity to bind with estrogen receptor selectively. The objective of this study to determine the effects of Dayak onion bulbs and cowpea extract combination on the level of bone calcium, bone weight, and the scoring of bone marrow fat in the hypoestrogen rats compared with the single dose of cowpea extract. &lt;strong&gt;Material and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This study used 32 female, white Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into eight groups. The SHAM group was given CMC 0.5%; the negative group was given CMC 0.5%, the positive group was given raloxifene 1.08 mg/200 g BW, cowpea group was given cowpea extract 100 mg/200 BW. The dose variation was given 70% ethanolic extract combination of Dayak onion bulbs and cowpea with four doses variation 36 mg/200 g; 100 mg/200 g BW, 18 mg/200 g; 100 mg/200 g BW, 9 mg/200 g; 100 mg/ 200 g BW, and 4.5 mg/200 g; 100 mg/200 g BW. Ovariectomy was performed on all groups except the SHAM to obtain the condition of hypoestrogen. Four weeks after the surgery, the rats were treated with an oral administration of extract daily for 28 days. Determination of the levels of tibia bone calcium, tibia bone weight, and the scoring of tibia bone marrow fat counted on day 29. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The result showed that Dayak onion bulbs and cowpea extract combination were able to elevate the level of bone calcium and bone weight significantly, and reduced the scoring of bone marrow fat higher than a single dose of cowpea extract. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; The results showed that Dayak onion bulbs and cowpea extract combination could be developed to be a drug for osteoporosis in the future.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">632</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Anton Bahtiar*, Renita Dewi &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI, Depok 16424, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Raphael de Oliveira Rodrigues</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Juliana Navarro Ueda Yaochite</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Milena Aguiar Braga</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amanda Ribeiro de</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sousa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Greyce Luri Sasahara</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Said Gonçalves da Cruz Fonseca</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thiago Dias de Vasconcelos Araújo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gilvandete</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maria Pinheiro Santiago</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leôncio Mesquita de Sousa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jarbas Lima de Carvalho</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Francisca Bruna Stefany Aires</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">do Nascimento</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hélio Vitoriano Nobre Júnior</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aparecida Tiemi Nagao-Dias</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Bauhinia ungulata L. (Fabaceae) on LPS-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Cells</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bauhinia ungulata; RAW 264.7 cells; Lipopolysaccharide; Free radicals; Antioxidant activity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">37-42</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study aimed to investigate the antioxidant, immunomodulatory and antimicrobial activities of &lt;em&gt;Bauhinia ungulata&lt;/em&gt; L.&lt;strong&gt; Method:&lt;/strong&gt; A flavonoid-rich fraction was obtained from the &lt;em&gt;Bauhinia ungulata&lt;/em&gt; L stem, called the ethyl acetate fraction of &lt;em&gt;Bauhinia ungulata&lt;/em&gt; (FABU). The total antioxidant capacity of the FABU was determined through the phosphomolibdenium reduction method. For the evaluation of its antioxidant activity on a cell culture model, LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells were treated with different concentrations of FABU and the reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen peroxide (H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) production levels were measured. For the analysis of its immunomodulatory capacity, TNF-α, TGF-β and IL-10 levels were determined in the culture supernatant. In order to determinate the antimicrobial activity of FABU, antifungal and antibacterial susceptibility testing was performed against &lt;em&gt;Candida albicans&lt;/em&gt;, methicillinsensitive &lt;em&gt;Staphylococcus aureus,&lt;/em&gt; methicillin-resistant &lt;em&gt;Staphylococcus aureus&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Pseudomonas aeruginosa&lt;/em&gt; strains. &lt;strong&gt;Result:&lt;/strong&gt; The FABU demonstrated neither significant antimicrobial activity nor immunodulatory capacity; on the other hand, its potential antioxidant activity was demonstrated by the phosphomolibdenium reduction assay. Also, FABU treatment inhibited the ROS, NO, H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and TBARS levels in the supernatant of LPS-stimulated cells. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; A significant reduction in the amount of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) was observed, in addition to lipid peroxidation inhibition. Our data suggest that the FABU is a natural antioxidant complex that may interfere in the cascade of cell damage caused by free radicals and a promising potential drug in chronic disease models in which immunopathogenicity involves high levels of RONS.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">37</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Raphael de Oliveira Rodrigues&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Juliana Navarro Ueda Yaochite&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Milena Aguiar Braga&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Amanda Ribeiro de Sousa&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Greyce Luri Sasahara&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Said Gonçalves da Cruz Fonseca&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Thiago Dias de Vasconcelos Araújo&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Gilvandete Maria Pinheiro Santiago&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Leôncio Mesquita de Sousa&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Jarbas Lima de Carvalho&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Francisca Bruna Stefany Aires do Nascimento&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Hélio Vitoriano Nobre Júnior&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Aparecida Tiemi Nagao-Dias&lt;sup&gt;1 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Clinical Analysis and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Ceara (UFC), Rua Capitao Francisco Pedro 1210, 60430-370 Fortaleza, CE, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Ceara (UFC), Rua Capitao Francisco Pedro 1210, 60430-370 Fortaleza, CE, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Sciences Center, Universidade Federal do Ceara (UFC), Campus do Pici 12.200, 60021-940, Fortaleza, CE, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Godishala Shirisha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kiranmai Mandava</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Uma Rajeswari Batchu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kesava Rao Thammana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vijaya Laxmi Turpu</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antitumor and Antioxidant Effects of Flavonoid Fraction of Citrus sinensis peel Extract</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dalton lymphoma ascites</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ethidium bromide</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Methotrexate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Orange peel flavonoids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tryphan blue</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">57-63</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Cancer is one of the leading causes of death and globally the numbers of cases of cancer are increasing gradually. However, surgeries, chemotherapies have become safer, but these treatments have debilitating side effects. Flavonoids present in the human diet comprise many polyphenolic secondary metabolites with broad-spectrum pharmacological activities including their potential role as anti-cancer agents. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The objective of the present study was to extract, orange peel flavonoids (Orange Peel Extract) and to screen anticancer potential of OPF. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; In the present study tryphan blue dye exclusion, clonogenic assay and nuclear damage studies by ethidium bromide staining were performed to estimate &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; antitumor properties of Orange Peel Extract and subsequently &lt;em&gt;in vivo&lt;/em&gt; studies also performed using the Dalton lymphoma ascites (DLA) tumor model in Swiss albino mice. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt; In vitro&lt;/em&gt; studies revealed the moderate toxicity, high regenerative capacity of Orange Peel Extract and also showed changes in nuclear morphology similar to that of apoptotic cells which is one of the important aspect of an anticancer drug. &lt;em&gt;In vivo&lt;/em&gt; studies confirmed the anticancer activity of Orange Peel Extract and has increased the average life span of treated animals and restored the antioxidant enzyme levels and hematological parameters to normal which was comparable to that of standard methotrexate. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Overall, these findings have proved that out of the two doses (50mg/kg bw and 200mg/kg bw) employed for the study lower dose (50mg/kg) was found to be more effective than higher dose (200mg/ kg). Hence flavonoid fraction of orange peels can be the better alternative to treat cancer.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">57</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Godishala Shirisha&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Kiranmai Mandava&lt;sup&gt;*2&lt;/sup&gt;, Uma Rajeswari Batchu&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Kesava Rao Thammana&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Vijaya Laxmi Turpu&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ootacamund Tamil nadu 643001, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bharat Institute of Technology, Ranga Reddy District, Telangana 501510, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">K Sunand</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mahipal Yellow</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">P Naveen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yasho Deepika</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">G Krishna Mohan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vasudha Bakshi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Betel Leaf Extract Amends Dehydroepiandrosterone Induced PCOS Related Hormonal Abnormality and Histopathological Alterations in Rat Model</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-androgenic activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Betel Leaf</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clomiphene citrate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DHEA</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PCOS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rats</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1442-1448</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;PCOS is a hormonal disorder with missed or irregular periods at the reproductive ages of women, which was mainly due to increased androgen levels. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To evaluate the antiandrogen activity of EEBL (ethanolic extract of betel leaf) in DHEA induced PCOS (polycystic ovary syndrome) and improving ovulation rate, consequently its effects on hormonal and biochemical profile of the blood serum and Histopathology of the ovary. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Divide the 30 immature (4-week-old) female Sprague Dawley rats into 5 groups. Four groups except the control group were injected each morning with dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) (6 mg/100 g body weight/0.2 ml sesame oil) for 20days. The control group was injected with 0.2ml sesame oil for 20days. Pretreatment completed after 21&lt;sup&gt;st &lt;/sup&gt;day then animals are subjected to posttreatment with EEBL (LD-100, HD-200mg/kg, p.o) and CC (100 μg/kg, p.o) from 21 to 41 days. After the treatment animals are subjected to biochemical, hormonal and histopathological examinations. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; In negative control group SOD, Catalase were decreased. Total protein, SGOT, SGPT, TG, LDL and cholesterol levels were increased than the control group. Hormones LH and Testosterone levels increased. FSH, estradiol, and progesterone levels were decreased when compared with the control group. Histopathology has revealed that the presence of cysts in the negative control group and recovery of cysts seen in treatment groups.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Treatment with EEBL is effectively attenuated to the DHEA induced PCOS and it is significant in comparison results with clomiphene citrate attributing its therapeutic potential towards the treatment of PCOS.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1442</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;K Sunand&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Mahipal Yellow&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, P Naveen&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Yasho Deepika&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, G Krishna Mohan&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Vasudha Bakshi&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty, Centre for Neuroscience, Dept. of Pharmacology, Anurag Group of Institutions, Hyderabad, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Student, Centre for Neuroscience, Dept. of Pharmacology, Anurag Group of Institutions, Hyderabad, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty, Centre for Neuroscience, Dept. of Pharmacology, Anurag Group of Institutions, Hyderabad, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Professor, Centre for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Science &amp;amp; Technology (IST), JNTUH, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Dean, Centre for Neuroscience, School of Pharmacy, Anurag Group of Institutions, Hyderabad, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shabana Bano</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Asif Jafri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nashrah Ahmad</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">AK Sharma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Md Arshad</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A Comparative Antibacterial Activity of Three Common Spices Extract and their Anti-Proliferative and Apoptotic Effectiveness against Human Breast Adenocarcinoma Cells</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-proliferative</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Apoptotic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cell viability</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nuclear fragmentation</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">88-93</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study was performed to analyse the antibacterial potential as well as the anti-proliferative and apoptotic efficacy of three common spices viz. Cardamom (&lt;em&gt;Elettaria cardamomum&lt;/em&gt;), Cinnamon (&lt;em&gt;Cinnamomum verum&lt;/em&gt;) and Fennel (&lt;em&gt;Foeniculum vulgare&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;strong&gt; Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Antibacterial activity was determined by well diffusion assay against selected bacterial strains. Anti-proliferative activity was evaluated by cell viability assay and the apoptotic effect was observed by nuclear fragmentation analysis in MCF-7 cells. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The antibacterial activity result revealed that Cinnamon extract (CIE) showed maximum antibacterial activity against selected test organism followed by Cardamom (CAE) and Fennel (FEE). The cell viability results revealed that FEE induces the highest cytotoxicity (IC50 73.9 μg/ml) against MCF-7 cells, while CIE showed the lowest efficacy (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; 98.2 μg/ml) as compared to control. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The findings revealed that CIE has the most potent antibacterial efficacy, whereas FEE was found to be a more potent anti-proliferative and apoptotic agent against human breast carcinoma MCF-7 cells.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">88</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Shabana Bano&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Asif Jafri&lt;sup&gt;2*#&lt;/sup&gt;, Nashrah Ahmad&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, AK Sharma&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Md Arshad&lt;sup&gt;2#&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow-226007, Uttar Pradesh, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Molecular Endocrinology Lab, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow-226007, Uttar Pradesh, INDIA.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Swarna SK</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nivedhitha MS</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vishnu Priya V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gayathri R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Selvaraj J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Madhan K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shyamala Devi B</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Comparative Evaluation of Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Ethanolic Extract of Leaf, Bark and Flower of Tecoma stans with Ibuprofen- An In vitro Analysis</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-inflammatory Effect</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bark</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flower</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leaf</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tecoma stans</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1088-1092</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Endodontics has always been indebted to pharmaceutical sciences to provide it with necessary analgesics and anti-inflammatory agents. More specifically, there has always been a need for anti-inflammatory phytotherapeutic agents as the commercially available synthetic anti inflammatory drugs have their own limitations due to undesirable side effects. Hence, novel potent analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs without considerable side effects from the natural sources are under evaluation. &lt;em&gt;Tecoma stans&lt;/em&gt; (Bignoniaceae) is an ornamental plant found throughout India. It has been shown to have variety of medicinal properties. In the present study, we have shown that potential anti inflammatory activity of different parts of &lt;em&gt;Tecoma stans &lt;/em&gt;(&lt;em&gt;T.stants&lt;/em&gt;) and compared with standard drug. &lt;strong&gt;Aim: &lt;/strong&gt;To evaluate the &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; anti inflammatory potential of different parts of &lt;em&gt;T.stans&lt;/em&gt; ethanolic extract and to compare the anti inflammatory activity with standard drug ibuprofen. &lt;strong&gt;Methodology:&lt;/strong&gt; The ethanolic extraction of &lt;em&gt;T.stans’s&lt;/em&gt; bark, leaves and floweres was done as per the standard method. Different concentrations (100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 μg/ml) of the extracts were used for anti-inflammatory activity by inhibition of albumin denaturation. All samples were analyzed in triplicate. The results were statistically analyzed. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;All the three parts of the plant extract have shown to have anti inflammatory activity in a dose-dependent manner. However, the leaf and flower extracts of &lt;em&gt;T.stans&lt;/em&gt; were found to have 100 percent anti-inflammatory pontential than standard drug ibuprofen. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; It is concluded from the present findings that T.stants possess anti-inflammatory properties which could be due to presence of active constitutents presen in the plant extracts. Hence,&lt;em&gt; T.stans&lt;/em&gt; may serve as one of the anti inflammatory herbal durgs for Endontic infection-induced inflammation and related to dental diseases. Further studies on the identification of the active principles present in the leaf and flower extract are warranted to assertatin its potentials.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1088</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Swarna SK&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Nivedhitha MS&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Vishnu Priya V&lt;sup&gt;2,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Gayathri R&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Selvaraj J&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Madhan K&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Shyamala Devi B&lt;sup&gt;2 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Conservative Dentistry &amp;amp; Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College &amp;amp; Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical &amp;amp; Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai – 600 077, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College &amp;amp; Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical &amp;amp; Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai – 600 077, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Priyanka Godara</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bunty Kumar Dulara</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neelam Barwer</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Navneet Singh Chaudhary</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Comparative GC-MS Analysis of Bioactive Phytochemicals from Different Plant Parts and Callus of Leptadenia reticulata Wight and Arn.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Callus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fatty Acid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Root</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stem</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Steroids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terpenoids</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">129-140</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim:&lt;/strong&gt; The aim of this study is identification and comparative analysis of bioactive phytochemicals present in methanol and ethyl acetate extracts of different plant organs and callus of &lt;em&gt;Leptadenia reticulata&lt;/em&gt; by GC–MS technique. &lt;strong&gt;Methodology:&lt;/strong&gt; The shade dried plant samples (leaves stem and root) and callus produced from leaf of&lt;em&gt; L. reticulata&lt;/em&gt; were powdered and then sequentially extracted in methanol and ethyl acetate solvents. Total eight extracts were prepared which were Methanolic Leaf Extract (MLE), Methanolic Stem Extract (MSE), Methanolic Root Extract (MRE), Methanolic Callus Extract (MCE), Ethyl Acetate Leaf Extract (EALE), Ethyl Acetate Root Extract (EARE), Ethyl Acetate Stem Extract (EASE) and Ethyl Acetate Callus Extract (EACE). Then, each of the extracts was further subjected to Gas Chromatography– Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The GC–MS analysis of the eight extracts revealed the presence of 77 different types of high and low molecular weight phytochemicals and bioactive compounds in varying quantities. Some of the phytochemicals detected for first time in &lt;em&gt;L. reticulata&lt;/em&gt; are γ-sitosterol, Campesterol, Pristane, Hexahydrofarnesol, Stearic acid, Arachidic acid, Coniferyl alcohol, n-Tetracosanol-1, Ascorbic acid 2,6-dihexadecanoate, (2S,3S)-3,7,4’-Trihydroxy-5-methoxy-6-methylflavanone etc. These chemical compounds are considered biologically active and pharmacologically important. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; This study gives a detailed comparison of detection and identification of various bioactive phytochemicals from different plant parts (leaves, stem and root) and callus of&lt;em&gt; L. reticulata.&lt;/em&gt; This provides a basis for the biological and biochemical characterization of some newly detected biologically and pharmacologically important phytochemical components from this plant.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">129</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Priyanka Godara, Bunty Kumar Dulara, Neelam Barwer, Navneet Singh Chaudhary&lt;sup&gt;* &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, JLN Marg, Jaipur-302004, Rajasthan, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vanessa de Andrade Royo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Juliana Almeida Rocha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kamylla Teixeira Santos</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jeane Ferreira Leal Freitas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clarice Avelar Almeida</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bianca Ribeiro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elytania Veiga Menezes</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dario Alves de Oliveira</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Murilo Malveira Brandão</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Afranio Farias de Melo Júnior</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Comparative Studies Between Mauritia flexuosa and Mauritiella armata</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arecaceae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Secondary metabolites</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">32-36</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mauritia flexuosa&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Mauritiella armata&lt;/em&gt; belong to the family Arecaceae and are widely found in Brazil. &lt;strong&gt;Aim:&lt;/strong&gt; In this work were evaluated: the phytochemical profile of the secretion popularly known as &lt;em&gt;M. flexuosa&lt;/em&gt; wine, antioxidant activity of leaf, root and petiole hydroethanolic extracts of the two species, as well as the quantification of flavonoids and the chromatographic profile by means of high performance liquid chromatography. &lt;strong&gt;Material and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The chromatographic profile was determined by high performance liquid chromatography, quantification of flavonoids and antioxidant activity, were performed by spectrophotometric method. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Antioxidant activity and presence of flavonoids were observed in the extracts of all the analyzed structures of the two species. The phytochemical profile of the wine evidenced the presence of secondary metabolites reported in other structures of &lt;em&gt;M. flexuosa&lt;/em&gt;. In the chromatographic analysis, it was observed that the extracts evaluated have between three and nine compounds.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Further studies should be performed to identify the active compounds in the two species.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">32</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vanessa de Andrade Royo&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Juliana Almeida Rocha&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Kamylla Teixeira Santos&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Jeane Ferreira Leal Freitas&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Clarice Avelar Almeida&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Bianca Ribeiro&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Elytania Veiga Menezes&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Dario Alves de Oliveira&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Murilo Malveira Brandão&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Afranio Farias de Melo Júnior&lt;sup&gt;2 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Natural Products, State University of Montes Claros, Avenida Dr. Ruy Braga, S/N - Vila Mauriceia, 39401-089, Montes Claros - MG, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Bioporpection and Genetic Resources, State University of Montes Claros, Avenida Dr. Ruy Braga, S/N - Vila Mauriceia, 39401-089, Montes Claros - MG, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paola Raunelli</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Danae Liviac</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rafael Alvis</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Silvio Puente</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ivan Best</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oscar Reategui</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytoprotective Effect of the Eryngium foetidum &quot;Sacha Culantro&quot; Methanolic Leaf Extract Versus Sodium Fluoride Exposed Mice using the Micronucleus Test and the Comet Assay</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Comet assay</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytoprotective</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eryngium foetidum</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genotoxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Micronucleus test</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toxicity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">461-465</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Eryngium foetidum&lt;/em&gt;, commonly known as sacha culantro, is a plant that grows in the Peruvian Amazonian jungle, studied for its high concentration of antioxidant substances and various ethnopharmacological properties. The main goal of the study is to observe the cytoprotective and antioxidant effect of the extract from its leafs in &lt;em&gt;Mus musculus&lt;/em&gt; previously administered with Sodium fluoride (NaF) using the Micronucleus test and the Comet assay. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The extract was administrated orally in four different concentrations: 180, 360, 720, 1440 mg/Kg for ten days, at the 11&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; day a single dose of NaF was administrated via intraperitoneal at 20 mg/Kg. The genotoxicity study was made with mice from the strain BALB/c, using the Micronucleus test on bone marrow and the Comet assay on peripheral blood according the OECD guides 474 and 489 respectively. The statistical analysis was made by the media’s analysis with ANOVA. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Significant differences were found in Micronucleus frequency between the highest concentrations of &lt;em&gt;Eryngium foetidum&lt;/em&gt; and NaF. The Comet assay showed significant reduction in NaF induced damage according to different concentrations of the extract. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The &lt;em&gt;Eryngium foetidum&lt;/em&gt; extract has cytoprotective activity against oxidant substances such as NaF.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">461</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Paola Raunelli&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Danae Liviac&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Rafael Alvis&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Silvio Puente&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Ivan Best&lt;sup&gt;1,5,6&lt;/sup&gt; Oscar Reátegui&lt;sup&gt;1,7,*&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Universidad Científica del Sur, Panamericana Sur Km 19, Lima, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Medical School, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Nutrition and Dietetic School, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Hersil S. A. Laboratorios Industriales Farmacéuticos, Lima, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Grupo de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación en Alimentos, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Lima, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Agroforestry Engineering School, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aleksandr Vladimirovich Nikulin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olga Georgievna Potanina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evgeniy Alexandrovich Platonov</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dmitry Olegovich Bokov</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olga Aleksandrovna Smyslova</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rimma Aleksandrovna Abramovich</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Development and Validation of a Spectrophotometric Procedure for Determining Silicon in Common Horsetail (Equisetum arvense L.) Herb</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Equisetum arvense</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Horsetail herb</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medicinal plant raw material</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Silicon</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1124-1131</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;An accurate, simple and selective UV-spectrophotometric method was developed for the estimation of silicon in medicinal plant raw material – horsetail herb (&lt;em&gt;Equisetum arvense&lt;/em&gt; L.) of Russian origin.&lt;strong&gt; Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The determination of total silicon content in terms of silicon dioxide (SiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) by the direct ultraviolet–visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometry method (at a wavelength of 815 ± 5 nm) in the horsetail herb is based on the formation of yellow-colored silicomolybdic acid, and its further reduction to molybdenum blue. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Recoveries were found to be in the range of 100.2 to 105.1% and %RSD was less than 2%. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The developed method is accurate, specific, precise within an interval 2-12% and suitable for the analysis of horsetail herb commercial samples.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1124</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aleksandr Vladimirovich Nikulin&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Olga Georgievna Potanina&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Evgeniy Alexandrovich Platonov&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Dmitry Olegovich Bokov&lt;sup&gt;2,3,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Olga Aleksandrovna Smyslova&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Rimma Aleksandrovna Abramovich&lt;sup&gt;1 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Рeoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, Moscow, 117198, RUSSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Institute of Pharmacy, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8 Trubetskaya St., bldg. 2, Moscow, 119991, RUSSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Federal Research Center for Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, 2/14 Ustyinsky pr., Moscow, 109240, RUSSIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Saksham Mathur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cheryl Sarah Philipose</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ganaraja B</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effect of Aqueous Extract of Liquorice (G. Glabra L) in Treatment of Stress Induced Gastric Ulcer in Wistar Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Glycyrrhiza glabra</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Immobilization stress</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peptic ulcer</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prophylactic use</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1526-1531</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Peptic ulcer is a disease affecting a large number of people, caused due to various reasons including infection with &lt;em&gt;H pylori&lt;/em&gt;, consumption of alcohol, NSAIDs and stress. Although not a life-threatening disease, it causes undue distress and discomfort and accounts for increased time off from work thereby leading to manpower and economic losses. In this condition, histamine receptor blockers provide relief. &lt;strong&gt;Objectives:&lt;/strong&gt; Natural remedies for peptic ulcer have not been effectively utilized in clinical set up. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of water extract of &lt;em&gt;Glycyrrhiza Glabra&lt;/em&gt; L, commonly known as Liquorice on stressinduced gastric inflammation. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Liquorice extract was prepared. Male Wistar rats (&lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt;=5 in each group) were procured from the central animal house and divided into four groups namely Group 1(control); Group 2 (low dose treatment); Group 3 (high dose treatment) and group 4 (prophylactic). They were housed individually and subjected to restraint stress in PVC pipes for 2 hours daily and their stomach was examined for ulcer in Licorice (oral) fed groups and control.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Control group showed the inflammatory changes, ulcer index showed a significant lesion, whereas the animals treated with low dose and high dose showed proportionate decrease in the severity of inflammation as evidenced by the histological features. Fourth group of rats which was treated prophylactically before they were subjected to stress, showed no sign of stress-induced inflammatory changes in the gastric mucosa. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The results of this study strongly suggested that the G Glabra extract reduces the inflammation and relieves the ulcers and also it can be used as a prophylactic agent to prevent the peptic ulcer in vulnerable subjects.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1526</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Saksham Mathur&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Cheryl Sarah Philipose&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Ganaraja B&lt;sup&gt;3,&lt;/sup&gt;* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore (A constituent of Manipal Academy of Higher Education) INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pathology, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore (A constituent of Manipal Academy of Higher Education) INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Additional Professor, Physiology, Kasturba Medical College, Centre for Basic Sciences, Bejai post, Mangalore – 575004. (A constituent of Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal) INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yufri Aldi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hasanatul Khairiyah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nila Kasuma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Afriwardi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agus Sri Banowo</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Effect of Noni Fruit Extract (Morinda citrifolia L.) in Gingivitis Patient</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chlorhexidine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gingival index</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morinda citrifolia L.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mouthwash</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Noni fruit extract</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">678-682</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Antiseptic mouthwash (chlorhexidine and povidone iodine) is usually used to decrease the number of colonies of pathogenic bacteria. But, somehow it gives side effect if it used for a long time. So, it should take another alternative as a raw material to make a mouthwash with minimal side effects, economical and efficacious. &lt;strong&gt;Aim: &lt;/strong&gt;The aim of this research was to examine the effect of noni fruit extract (&lt;em&gt;Morinda citrifolia &lt;/em&gt;L.) that given as mouthwash on 15 gingivitis patients.&lt;strong&gt; Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The research was conducted for 7 days in a row and gingival index of each patient was measured before and after the treatment. The patients were divided into 3 group and given 3 different treatments. Group I used mouthwash noni fruit extract 5%; Group II used chlorhexidine 0.1%; and Group III used a mixture of extracts of noni: chlorhexidine (2.5% : 0.05%). The mouthwash was used in the morning and at the night before going to sleep as much as 15 ml and gargling it for 30 sec. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The results showed the gingival index was declined in every group treatment (mouthwash noni fruit extract 5%, chlorhexidine 0.1% and a mixture of extracts of noni: chlorhexidine (2.5% : 0.05%). The differences between each group were not significant (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; &amp;gt; 0.05).&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Despite it give the same effect, the extract of noni fruit should be used as an alternative to mouthwash because it gives the same effect as much as chlorhexidine and it also economical, efficacious and minimal side effects.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">678</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yufri Aldi&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Hasanatul Khairiyah&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Nila Kasuma&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Afriwardi&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Agus Sri Banowo&lt;sup&gt;4 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Andalas, Padang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Departement Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Andalas, Padang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department Physiology Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas, Padang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department Mental Health and Community Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Andalas, Padang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vinodini NA</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pratik Kumar Chatterjee</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kunal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suman VB</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rashmi KS</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nayanatara AK</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anupama N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ramesh M. Bhat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sheela Joice P</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effectiveness of Moringa oleifea Extract in Attenuating the Toxic Effect on Platelet Count: An Experiment on Cadmium Exposed Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cadmium</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clotting Mechanisms</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moringa oleifera</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Platelet Count</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toxicity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">689-693</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aims and Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To determine the role of &lt;em&gt;Moringa oleifera&lt;/em&gt; on total platelet count alterations (T-PC) in rats treated with cadmium. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;In the present study female adult Wistar Albino rats, (180-200) gm were divided into, Group I-normal control, Group II-pretreated control, group III-cadmium treated , group IV- pre-treated with &lt;em&gt;Moringa oleifera &lt;/em&gt;leaf extract (MOE) and then administered oral cadmium for a day, with &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt;=6 each &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Indicate that the pre-treatment with MOE (100 mg/kg/bw) prior to cadmium infusion augmented the level of total platelet count (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;≤0.001) as compared to the cadmium-exposed group, which might have a role in clotting mechanisms also. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Moringa oleifera &lt;/em&gt;extract has a beneficial effect on platelet count in cadmium-induced animal model.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">689</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vinodini NA&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Pratik Kumar Chatterjee&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Kunal&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Suman VB&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Rashmi KS&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Nayanatara AK&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Anupama N&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ramesh M. Bhat&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Sheela Joice P&lt;sup&gt;2 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Physiology, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Physiology, MES Medical College, Perinthalmanna, Kerala, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ogochukwu Izuegbuna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gloria Otunola</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Graeme Bradley</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Estimation of Phytochemical, Vitamins Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Pelargonium inquinans Leaves</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cancers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pelargonium inquinans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phenols</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vitamins</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">237-244</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aims&lt;/strong&gt;: To estimate the phytochemical and vitamins composition and the antioxidant activity of &lt;em&gt;Pelargonium inquinans &lt;/em&gt;leaves. &lt;strong&gt;Background&lt;/strong&gt;: Some plants that are used in the traditional setting for the management of different ailments have documented observations and scientific studies. However many other plants lack scientific reports to support their medicinal use. One of such plant is &lt;em&gt;Pelargonium inquinans &lt;/em&gt;Ait that is traditionally used to treat headaches and flu by tribes in South Africa. Not much is known about its chemical composition. &lt;strong&gt;Methods&lt;/strong&gt;: The phytochemical composition of acetone, aqueous and ethanol extract of leaves of &lt;em&gt;Pelargonium inquinans&lt;/em&gt; as well as the vitamins A, C and E of its dried weight leaves and the antioxidant activities were evaluated using standard in vitro methods. The phytochemical composition and vitamins were determined spectrophotometrically, while the antioxidant activities were determined by DPPH, nitric oxide and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity and phosphomolybdenum (total) antioxidant activity. &lt;strong&gt;Statistical analysis&lt;/strong&gt;: The One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Tukey test were used to determine the differences among the means of the various samples. &lt;strong&gt;Results&lt;/strong&gt;: The phytochemical composition differ significantly in the various extracts. The total phenolics were higher than other phytochemicals in all the extracts used. The hydrogen peroxide and DPPH scavenging activity were very high and dose-dependent. The aqueous extract had the highest antioxidant activity at 98.4 % of control (hydrogen peroxide), while the ethanol extract had the lowest at 37.5% control (nitric oxide). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;: The results supports the notion that the Geraniaceae family and &lt;em&gt;Pelargonium inquinans&lt;/em&gt; in particular is rich in polyphenolic compounds and has good antioxidant activity.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">237</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ogochukwu Izuegbuna&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Gloria Otunola&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Graeme Bradley&lt;sup&gt;1,* &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Agric. University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Botany, Medicinal Plants and Economic Development (MPED) Research Institute, University of Fort Hare, 5700, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ghanashyam Mahato</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bangamoti Hansda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nilanjana Banerjee</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ethnobotanicals used for the Treatment of Skin Diseases with Special Emphasis on Carbuncle Disease from Purulia District of West Bengal in India</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carbuncle</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ethnobotany</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fidelity level</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Informant consensus factor</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Purulia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Use value</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">745-753</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;From time immemorial ethnic people of Purulia district of West Bengal are well acquainted with different plant resources for the treatment of various skin diseases including 'carbuncle' and others skin diseases. Carbuncle, caused by the methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus is of major concern in this part of India, mostly dominated by tribes like Majhi, Munda, Santal, Birhor, Ho and Rajwar etc. Hot climate, overcrowded households, improper sanitation, very poor economic background and frequent burn accidents are of major issues for spreading of these bacterial infections. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; Present authors are trying to summarize these ethno-medicinal knowledge of the local, conservative traditional healers by using structured questionnaires given to them and are trying to analyze these information from scientific perspective. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Plant samples were collected from March 2014 to May 2016, mostly during their flowering stage and a total of 62 people, both male (84%) and female (16%) were interviewed. Informant consensus factor, fidelity level and use value were calculated. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Fifty-nine herbal plants belongs to 35 families were recorded for the cure of various skin diseases, among which 10 plants are used individually during medication whereas 9 polyherbal formulations were used in various combinations during treatment. Five species of the families Moraceae and Asteraceae was found to be the most common medicinal plants, among which 44.89% are herbaceous in habit. Leaves (55.55%) are the most common plant part for their use. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Therefore, the present paper has been written to document this rapidly vanishing huge knowledge of folklore which should be digitally conserved for futuristic approach on medicinal plants in India.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">745</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ghanashyam Mahato&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Bangamoti Hansda&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Nilanjana Banerjee&lt;sup&gt;3,&lt;/sup&gt;* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Assistant Professor, Department of Botany, A.M. College, Jhalda, Purulia, West Bengal-723202, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Research Scholar, Department of Botany and Forestry, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal-721102, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Assistant Professor, Department of Botany, Vidyasagar University, Paschim Medinipur, West Bengal-721102, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rashmi Mallya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fehmina Malim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Akanksha Naik</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Milind Bhitre</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evaluation of Anthelmintic Potential of Leaves and Fruits of Zanthoxylum rhetsa</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anthelmintic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fruit</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HPTLC</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leaf</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemicals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zanthoxylum rhetsa</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">475-478</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Zanthoxylum rhetsa&lt;/em&gt; of family Rutaceae is traditionally employed for treatment of intestinal worms, urinary tract infection, tooth ache, asthma, bronchitis and rheumatism. Thus, the objective of the study was to screen in vitro anthelmintic activity of leaves and fruits of &lt;em&gt;Zanthoxylum rhetsa&lt;/em&gt; on &lt;em&gt;Eisenia fetida&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Tubifex tubifex&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;strong&gt; Material and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Total methanol extract and solvent fractions of methanol extract were prepared by maceration and solvent solvent extraction process respectively. The chromatographic fingerprints of total methanol extracts of leaves and fruits were developed using HPTLC. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The leaf and fruit extracts showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, coumarins, essential oils and saponins. The extracts exhibited significant anthelmintic activity as evidenced by decrease in paralysis death time in the treatment groups when compared to standard. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The results suggest that fruits and leaves of &lt;em&gt;Z rhetsa&lt;/em&gt; have promising anthelmintic activity and further studies are required to identify the phytochemicals responsible for anthelmintic activity.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">475</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rashmi Mallya&lt;sup&gt;1,2,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Fehmina Malim&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Akanksha Naik&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Milind Bhitre&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;SVKM’s Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Gate No:1 Mithibai College Campus, Vile Parle (West), Mumbai–400052, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;C.U. Shah College of Pharmacy, SNDT Women’s University, Santacruz (West), Mumbai–400049, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Janani Jacob</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gopalan R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lakshmanaperumalsamy P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ramanaiah Illuri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Damaji Bhosle</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gopala Krishna Sangli</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deepak Mundkinajeddu</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evaluation of Anti-psoriatic Potential of the Fruit Rind of Punica granatum L.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-psoriatic activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Punica granatum</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thymidine phosphorylase inhibition</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">466-468</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Pomegranate (&lt;em&gt;Punica granatum L.&lt;/em&gt;) is universally known for its therapeutic properties due to its potential bioactive compounds. However, there is no established scientific study on antipsoriatic activity of pomegranate fruit rind. The aim of the study is to evaluate the anti-psoriatic activity of the isolated compounds and the extract from the fruit rind of &lt;em&gt;P. granatum.&lt;/em&gt; In our previous study, the isolated compounds were evaluated for antioxidant potential. In continuation to the previous investigation, the present study is taken up to evaluate the extract and compounds for &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; anti-psoriatic activity. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Chromatographic techniques were employed to isolate the compounds from the aqueous acetone extract and&lt;em&gt; in vitro &lt;/em&gt;anti-psoriatic activity was determined by thymidine phosphorylase inhibition assay. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;From previous phytochemical investigation, three compounds were identified as Punicalagin, 2,3(&lt;em&gt;S&lt;/em&gt;)-hexahydroxydiphenoyl-D-glucose and Punicalin. In the present study, the extract and the compounds were evaluated for anti-psoriatic activity. The results reveal that the isolated three compounds showed inhibitory activity of 89% to 95% against thymidine phosphorylase. Aqueous acetone extract also exhibited 87% inhibition. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Punica granatum&lt;/em&gt; is an ideal plant for further investigation to prove its anti-psoriatic activity.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">466</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Janani Jacob&lt;sup&gt;1,2*&lt;/sup&gt;, Gopalan R&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; Lakshmanaperumalsamy P&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Ramanaiah Illuri&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Damaji Bhosle&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Gopala Krishna Sangli&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Deepak M&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Research Scholar, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore- 641021, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;R and&amp;nbsp;D Centre, Natural Remedies Pvt. Ltd. Bangalore-560 100, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Botany, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore- 641021, Tamil Nadu INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Environmental Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore- 641 046, Tamil Nadu INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Puneshwar Keshari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pradeep</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sudhakar Bhat</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evaluation of Hepatoprotective Potential of Rhododendron arboreum Sm. Stem Bark as Abhava Pratinidhi Dravya (Substitute) of Rohitaka (Tecomella undulata (Sm.) Seem.) Against Paracetamol Induced Hepatotoxicity in Experimental Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abhava Pratinidhi Dravya</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Choorna</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hepatoprotective</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kwatha</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rhododendron arboreum</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rohitaka</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Substitute</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tecomella undulata</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1148-1154</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Rohitaka (&lt;em&gt;Tecomella undulata&lt;/em&gt; (Sm.) Seem.) has been considered as threatened and listed as rare at international level (IUCN, 2000). In Ayurveda classics, Rohitaka is described as Yakritpleehgulmodarhara (useful in liver and spleenic disorders). &lt;em&gt;Rhododendron arboreum&lt;/em&gt; Sm. is used by folklore practitioners for treatment of Jaundice and marketed as Rohitaka in Nepal. &lt;strong&gt;Aim: &lt;/strong&gt;To evaluate &lt;em&gt;Rhododendron arboreum&lt;/em&gt; Sm. as an effective pratinidhi dravya (substitute) in abhava (absence) of Rohitaka (&lt;em&gt;Tecomella undulata&lt;/em&gt; (Sm.) Seem.) with special reference to hepatoprotective activity in paracetamol induced hepatotoxicity in rats. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; In the present study, hepatoprotective effect of Choorna (powder) and Kwatha (decoction) of &lt;em&gt;Rhododendron arboreum&lt;/em&gt; Sm. and &lt;em&gt;Tecomella undulata&lt;/em&gt; (Sm.) Seem. (Choorna-0.54 g/kg body wt. and Kwatha- 4.32 ml/kg body wt. p. o. for 10 days along with paracetamol toxicant 3 g/kg body wt. p. o. on 6&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; and 8&lt;sup&gt;th &lt;/sup&gt;day) were investigated against paracetamol induced hepatotoxicity. Silymarin (100 mg/kg body wt.) was used as standard hepatoprotective reference drug. &lt;strong&gt;Statistical Analysis Used:&lt;/strong&gt; The obtained data were analyzed by ANOVA with Dunnet's multiple ‘t’ test and level of p&amp;lt;0.05 was considered as statistically significant. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Paracetamol treatment led to elevated levels of liver marker enzymes and disorientation in histological observations which were significantly reversed by treatment with &lt;em&gt;Rhododendron arboreum&lt;/em&gt; Sm. and &lt;em&gt;Tecomella undulata&lt;/em&gt; (Sm.) Seem. dependent on dosage forms. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The study revealed that both the drugs have similar hepatoprotective effect and thus &lt;em&gt;Rhododendron arboreum&lt;/em&gt; Sm. as “Abhava Pratinidhi Dravya” for &lt;em&gt;Tecomella undulata&lt;/em&gt; (Sm.) Seem. with special reference to hepatoprotective activity is justified.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1148</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Puneshwar Keshari*, Pradeep, Sudhakar Bhat &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Department of Dravyaguna, SDM College of Ayurveda and Hospital, Hassan- 573201, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Astha Pandey</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shalvi Agrawal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amruta D Patel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dushyant Pendarkar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jalpa D Bambhaniya</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evergreen Conventional and Modern Microscopic Methods for Solving Various Cases of Forensic Botany by Morphological and Histological Study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Botanical evidences</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cannabis sativa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Papaver somniferum</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ricinus communis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scanning electron microscope</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">171-176</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; The study concerning forensic evidences commences from the physical examination. Microscopic examination serves a good preliminary technique and provides a relatively quick and non-destructive means of obtaining qualitative information without much sample preparation. Various plants or plant materials such as pollens at the crime scene or a rare plant type present near a murder victim can be helpful in connecting suspect to a victim or scene. For examination of such evidences, the initial step is the identification of collected botanical evidences. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) produces images that rely on secondary electrons image and is concerned primarily with the observation of surface topography. SEM images at all direction (X-Y-Z rotation) giving a three dimensional view of the sample under study. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; For morphological and histological examination, compound microscope and SEM has been used. Three plant specimens have been taken i.e. &lt;em&gt;Cannabis sativa&lt;/em&gt;,&lt;em&gt; Ricinus communis&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Papaver somniferum&lt;/em&gt;. For compound microscopic examination, sample has been stained with saffranin dye and for SEM examination; sample surface has been coated with gold-palladium layer to make it conductive.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The morphological and histological examination by compound microscope and SEM revealed many characteristic features like ellipsoidal pollens in &lt;em&gt;Ricinus&lt;/em&gt;, cystolythic trichomes in &lt;em&gt;Cannabis&lt;/em&gt;, large oval stomata in poppy, etc. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The microscopic examination of botanical evidences by such sophisticated technique like SEM holds a lot of scope in forensic investigations with minimal evidence destruction and maximum details can be obtained in a preliminary examination only without using other complicated techniques.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">171</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Astha Pandey&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Shalvi Agrawal&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Amruta D Patel&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Dushyant Pendarkar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Jalpa D Bambhaniya&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;. &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Assistant Professor, Institute of Forensic Science Gujarat Forensic Sciences University Sector 9, near DFS office, Gandhinagar 382009- Gujarat, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Research Scholar, Institute of Forensic Science, Gujarat Forensic Sciences University, Gujarat, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kausik Bhar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sumanta Mondal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Padilam Suresh</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">An Eye-Catching Review of Aegle marmelos L. (Golden Apple)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aegle marmelos</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ethnobotany</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacological activities</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemistry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Traditional use</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">207-224</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Plants and their products are a major source for food and medicine that are highly beneficial for various animals and humans. This article focuses on complete profile of &lt;em&gt;Aegle marmelos&lt;/em&gt; L. which belongs to the family &lt;em&gt;Rutaceae&lt;/em&gt;, is commonly known as bael, widely available in several places in India. &lt;strong&gt;Ethnobotany:&lt;/strong&gt; Traditional use of &lt;em&gt;A. marmelos&lt;/em&gt; for various diseases includes abdominal disorders, ulcer, cholera, diarrhea, nerve disorders, gonorrhea, heart disorders, dog bite, jaundice, snake bite and many more. A number of biologically active compounds isolated from various parts of &lt;em&gt;A. marmelos&lt;/em&gt; which belongs to various chemical groups. &lt;strong&gt;Phytochemistry:&lt;/strong&gt; The isolated components belong to Alkaloids, Terpenoids, Vitamins, Coumarins, Tannins, Carbohydrates, Flavonoids, Fatty Acids, Essential Oils and some other miscellaneous compounds. Pharmacological Activities: The plant also possess various pharmacological activities such as Antioxidant, Antibacterial, Antifungal, Antidiarrheal, Antidiabetic, Antiproliferative, Cytoprotective, Hepatoprotective, Antifertility, Analgesic, Antiarthritis, Contractile, Antihyperlipidemic, Cardioprotective, Radioprotective, Anticancer, Antiviral, Antiulcer, Immunomodulatory and Wound Healing properties. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Hence this review can be a good reference for researchers who are willing to undertake further investigation about &lt;em&gt;A. marmelos.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Review Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">207</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Kausik Bhar&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Sumanta Mondal&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Padilam Suresh&lt;sup&gt;3 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus, Ibrahimpatnam, Telangana, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, GITAM Institute of Pharmacy, GITAM Deemed to be University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus, Ibrahimpatnam, Telangana, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gan B Bajracharya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pratigya KC</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A High Antibacterial Efficacy of Fruits of Litsea cubeba (Lour.) Pers from Nepal. GC-MS and Antioxidative Capacity Analyses</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brine-shrimp assay</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DPPH assay</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GC-MS analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Litsea oil</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Minimum bactericidal concentration</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">889-893</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Biological activities of the plant materials may vary with different geographic origin. &lt;em&gt;Litsea cubeba &lt;/em&gt;fruits are consumed in Nepal as a spice ingredient and are considered to be possessed antibacterial property. &lt;strong&gt;Objectives:&lt;/strong&gt; Aims of this work are: to compare phytoconstituents present in litsea oil by GC-MS analysis, and to evaluate antibacterial and antioxidant activities of the volatile oil and the fruit extracts. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Hydrodistillation of &lt;em&gt;L. cubeba&lt;/em&gt; fruits was performed to obtain litsea oil followed by extractions with boiling methanol. Fractionations of the extract provided hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and aqueous extracts. The oil and extracts were analysed for the phytochemicals present. They were evaluated by using antibacterial susceptibility, brine-shrimp lethality and antioxidant capacity assays. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; All together 49 compounds (accounting 93.66%) were identified in the litsea oil by GC-MS. Monoterpenes being dominant components, the oil constituted 15.96% of citral (geranial and neral). Other major constituents were capric acid (12.44%), β-caryophyllene oxide (7.69%), linalool (5.96%), eucalyptol (5.13%) and cis- β-terpineol (4.22%). Litsea oil, hexane extract and dichloromethane extract displayed very effective antibacterial property. Ethyl acetate extract (LC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; = 21.52 μg mL‒1) and litsea oil (LC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; = 31.62 μg mL‒1) were found highly cytotoxic against brine-shrimp nauplii. Ethyl acetate (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; = 124.57 μg mL‒1) and dichloromethane (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; = 271.08 μg mL‒1) extracts displayed a modest DPPH free radical scavenging activity. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Phytoconstituents present in the &lt;em&gt;L. cubeba&lt;/em&gt; fruits from Nepal were analysed. Litsea oil and the extracts have displayed high antibacterial and potentially anticarcinogenic activities.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">889</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Gan B Bajracharya&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Pratigya KC&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Science, Nepal Academy of Science and Technology (NAST), Khumaltar, Lalitpur, NEPAL.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Tri-Chandra Multiple Campus, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, NEPAL.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dwitiyanti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yahdiana Harahap</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berna Elya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anton Bahtiar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Impact of Solvent on the Characteristics of Standardized Binahong Leaf (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anredera cordifolia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LCMS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Simplicia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">standardization</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1463-1470</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Binahong is a plant that has the potential to be used as a traditional herbal medicine in Indonesia, and has several kinds of classes of compounds, one of them is a flavonoids glycosides (vitexin). Previous research reported that binahong leaves have pharmacological activities as antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic, antibacterial, and others. A traditional plant that has proven efficacious needs to be standardized to ensure the quality and its safety. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; This study aimed to characteristics of binahong leaves simplicia obtained from Bogor, West Java. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The crude extract was obtained by the maceration method using 40%, 70%, and 96% ethanol solvent. The selected extract then standardized, which includes macroscopic and microscopic observations and sets the standard parameter values binahong leaf extract. Parameters LCMS to identify active compounds semiquantitatively. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The yield of binahong ethanol extract from 40%, 70%, 96% showed a value of 10.9%, 11.4%, and 12.32%, respectively. From these results, 96% ethanol extract has proceeded for standardization. Macroscopic observation results showed that binahong leaves simplicia has a fine and notched form with 5-10 cm long and 3-7 cm diameter. The microscopic binahong leaves contain palisade tissue, parenchymal tissue, chlorophyll grains, rosette Caoxalate crystals, and spiral type. Phytochemical screening of binahong leaves showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, steroids, and phenolic compounds.The standardization of binahong leaves ethanol extract down showed a levels of ethanol-soluble extract&amp;gt; 14.8%, water-soluble extract content &amp;gt; 13.5%, drying &amp;lt; 10%, water content &amp;lt; 8.9%, total ash content &amp;lt; 7.2%. LCMS profiles showed that ethanolic extract 40%, 70%, and 96% all contained vitexin at retention time 5.02 minutes, and m/z values 433.1111. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;96% ethanolic extract of binahong leaves contains vitexin with pharmacognostic parameters carried out following the standards listed in the Indonesian herb pharmacopeia.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1463</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dwitiyanti&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Yahdiana Harahap&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Berna Elya&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Anton Bahtiar&lt;sup&gt;4,&lt;/sup&gt;* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Graduated Program of Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI Depok, West Java 16424, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Bioanalysis and Bioequivalence, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI Depok, West Java 16424, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI Depok, West Java 16424, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI Depok, West Java 16424, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Emmanuel Kofi Kumatia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stephen Antwi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Henry Brew-Daniels</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alfred Ampoma Appiah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Augustine Ocloo</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In vivo Comparative Anti-Inflammatory and Analgesic Activities of Root Bark, Stem and Leaf Extracts of Capparis erythrocarpus (Capparaceae)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hot plate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oedema</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pain</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical constituents</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Writhing assay</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">515-520</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;The root bark powder of the medicinal plant &lt;em&gt;Capparis erythrocarpus &lt;/em&gt;is used at the Centre for Plant Medicine Research (In Ghana) against inflammatory pain disorders. The whole plant is destroyed to obtain the root bark which constitutes only 11.1 % of the plant. Hence, the plant is going extinct. We therefore sought to evaluate anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of the root bark, stem and leaf of &lt;em&gt;C. erythrocarpus&lt;/em&gt; in order to explore them as substitute(s) anti-inflammatory and analgesic agent to the root bark. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Carrageenan induced paw oedema assay was used to evaluate anti-inflammatory activity. Hot plate and acetic acid induced writhing assays were employed to ascertain analgesic activity. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The extracts of the root bark (CRB) and leaf (CL) produced significant (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.05) antiinflammatory activity of 48.93 and 37.42 % at 50 and 200 mg/kg p.o. respectively whereas the stem extract (CS) was inactive. Moreover, the extracts produced significant (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.05) analgesic activity. The analgesic activity (178.20 – 248.70 %) of the extracts were higher than that of morphine (136.70%) at 5 mg/kg i.m. in the hot plate assay. CS (200 mg/kg p.o.) produced the highest analgesic activity (54.61%) among the extracts and diclofenac sodium (41.15%) at 5 mg/kg p.o. in the writhing assay. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; These results indicates that the leaf of &lt;em&gt;C. erythrocarpus &lt;/em&gt;can be substituted for the root as analgesic and anti-inflammatory agent. Whiles, the stem can also be used as analgesic agent. This will save the plant from extinction.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">515</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Emmanuel Kofi Kumatia&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Stephen Antwi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Henry Brew-Daniels&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Alfred Ampomah Appiah&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Augustine Ocloo&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Phytochemistry, Centre for Plant Medicine Research, Mampong-Akwapim, GHANA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Centre for Plant Medicine Research, Mampong-Akwapim, GHANA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elly Wardani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yahdiana Harahap</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdul Mun’im</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anton Bahtiar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Influence of Extraction on the Yield, Phytochemical and LCMS Profile from Standardized Kemuning Leaf (Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Murraya paniculata</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Non-specific parameters</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Specific parameters</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Standardization of extracts</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1455-1462</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Mahanimbine alkaloid is carbazole alkaloids found in kemuning (&lt;em&gt;Murraya paniculata &lt;/em&gt;(L.) Jack) potentially as antihyperlipidemia. Chemical compounds from plants can be obtained by extraction. The aim of this study was to determine influence of extraction solvents on the yield, phytochemistry and LCMS profiles from standardized kemuning to produce safe and quality medicinal raw materials.&lt;strong&gt; Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The study was used kinds of ethanol concentration with different polarity as a solvent for extraction. Solvent 40%, 70% and 96% of ethanol were used for maceration of simplicia from Bogor, West Java. The extract obtained was evaluated for the content of alkaloid compounds for LCMS then extracts were selected to be proceed to standardized extract quality.&lt;strong&gt; Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The LCMS results showed that all 40%, 70% and 96% ethanol extracts contained Candidate Mass 354,19014 compounds which were thought to be e alkaloids based on the m/z value. Phytochemical screening in all extracts contained alkaloid compounds, flavonoids, saponins, tannins and steroids/triterpenoids. 96% ethanolic extract contained non-specific parameter such as content of compounds soluble in water 22,73%, soluble in ethanol 17,37%, drying down 9,10%, water content 18,36%, total ash content 4,18%, the yield of extracts was 33,45%, microbial contamination &amp;lt;3,0.10&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt; (7,0.10&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;) colony/g and mold yeast number 0 colony/g. The total gravimetric alkaloid level was 1,031%. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; 96% ethanolic extract of kemuning contains mahanimbine alkaloids and has met the standard quality requirements of extracts.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1455</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Elly Wardani&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Yahdiana Harahap&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Abdul Mun’im&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Anton Bahtiar&lt;sup&gt;4,&lt;/sup&gt;* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Graduated Program of faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI Depok, , West Java 16424, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI Depok, , West Java 16424, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Phytochymestry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI Depok, , West Java 16424, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI Depok, , West Java 16424, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Perumal Rajalakshmi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vellingiri Vadivel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Natesan Ravichandran</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pemaiah Brindha</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Investigation on Pharmacognostic Parameters of Sirunagapoo (Mesua ferrea L): A Traditional Indian Herbal Drug</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GC-MS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In vitro studies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mesua ferrea</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemicals</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">225-230</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction&lt;/strong&gt;: Flower buds of Sirunagapoo (&lt;em&gt;Mesua ferrea&lt;/em&gt;) are used in Siddha system of medicine as carminative, astringent and anti-vatha. It is traditionally used to treat various diseases like cough, venerial, white discharge, diarrhea, over-bleeding and peripheral neuritis. It is one of the major ingredients in Amukkara choornam, Inji choornam and Elathi choornam which are used for indigestion, loss of appetite and gastritis. &lt;strong&gt;Methods&lt;/strong&gt;: Pharmacognostic characters of &lt;em&gt;M. ferrea&lt;/em&gt; flower bud were studied through powder microscopy. Both ethanol and aqueous extracts were investigated for phytochemical screening, total phenolic content, &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and the ethanolic extract was subjected to GC-MS analysis. &lt;strong&gt;Results&lt;/strong&gt;: Powder microscopy of flower buds of &lt;em&gt;M. ferrea&lt;/em&gt; revealed the presence of brachysclereids, macrosclereids, starch grain, crystals and parenchyma cells. The powdered material exhibited 6.07% of loss on drying, 2.93% of total ash, 11.34% of water-soluble extractive and pH value 5.35. Data showed the presence of sterols only in ethanol extract and phenols, flavanoids, saponins and coumarins in both ethanol and aqueous extracts. Ethanolic extract was found to contain higher concentration of total phenols (1030 mg GAE/L) when compared to aqueous extract. Totally forty compounds were detected in GC-MS analysis and the major compound is eugenol (61%) and cinnamaldehyde (15%). In vitro studies revealed antioxidant in terms of DPPH free radical scavenging property (IC-&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; = 229.7 mg/ml) remarkable anti-inflammatory activity using RBC membrane stabilization assay (70.27%) were noted. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;: This study provides the pharmacognostic standards, phytochemical profile, major volatile compounds and in vitro properties of &lt;em&gt;Mesua ferrea&lt;/em&gt; flower bud.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">225</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Perumal Rajalakshmi*, Vellingiri Vadivel, Natesan Ravichandran, Pemaiah Brindha &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Research carried out at Centre for Advanced Research in Indian System of Medicine, Shanmugha Arts, Science, Technology and Research Academy (SASTRA) Deemed University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cutt Fazzlieanie Bactiar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nur Azlina Mohd Fahami</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LC-MS Analysis of Phytocomponents in the Methanol Extract of Piper Sarmentosum Leaves</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavanoids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lignan</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liquid-chromatography mass-spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Naringine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Piper sarmentosum</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1071-1076</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Piper sarmentosum&lt;/em&gt; is a cultivated plant that grows wildly in the tropical and subtropical region including in Malaysia. It has a wide usage in traditional medicine and have a variety of active chemical constituents. &lt;strong&gt;Aim: &lt;/strong&gt;The aim of this study is to isolate and identify the active compounds from the methanol extracts of leaves of &lt;em&gt;P. sarmentosum&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Methods and Materials:&lt;/strong&gt; The fresh leaves of &lt;em&gt;Piper sarmentosum&lt;/em&gt; were collected from the Ethnobotanic garden of Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM) after being identified and confirmed by a plant taxonomist from Medicinal Plant Divison (Voucher specimen code no: FRI 45870). The methanolic extraction procedure were performed at FRIM labrotory. The extract was then sent to Research and Instrumentation Management Centre (CRIM) UKM for Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) analysis. &lt;em&gt;Results: &lt;/em&gt;Fifteen compounds were isolated from the fresh leaves of &lt;em&gt;Piper sarmentosum&lt;/em&gt;. Six of these have been previously isolated from the roots and essential oil of this plant:&lt;strong&gt; (2)&lt;/strong&gt; Naringenin, &lt;strong&gt;(3)&lt;/strong&gt; Methyl piperate, &lt;strong&gt;(5)&lt;/strong&gt; Beta-Asarone, &lt;strong&gt;(6)&lt;/strong&gt; Brachyamide B, &lt;strong&gt;(8) &lt;/strong&gt;Piperitol and&lt;strong&gt; (9)(10)&lt;/strong&gt; Guineensine. &lt;strong&gt;(1)(12)&lt;/strong&gt; Didymin, &lt;strong&gt;(4) &lt;/strong&gt;Quercetin,&lt;strong&gt; (7) &lt;/strong&gt;Amurensin &lt;strong&gt;(11)&lt;/strong&gt; Hesperidin, and &lt;strong&gt;(15) &lt;/strong&gt;Difucol are new for&lt;em&gt; P. sarmentosum&lt;/em&gt; (Piperaceae). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; From the result, it is evident that &lt;em&gt;Piper sarmentosum&lt;/em&gt; contains various bioactive compounds.&lt;strong&gt; (1)(12)&lt;/strong&gt; Didymin, &lt;strong&gt;(4) &lt;/strong&gt;Quercetin, &lt;strong&gt;(7)&lt;/strong&gt; Amurensin,&lt;strong&gt; (11)&lt;/strong&gt; Hesperidin, and &lt;strong&gt;(15)&lt;/strong&gt; Difucol are new natural compounds that have not been reported before.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1071</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cutt Fazzlieanie Bactiar, Nur Azlina Mohd Fahami*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, UKMMC, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">William Antonio Sagástegui Guarniz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kirley Marques Canuto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paulo Riceli Vasconcelos Ribeiro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hilania Valeria Dodou</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karla Nascimento Magalhaes</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">KellenMiranda Sá</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Patrícia Georgina Garcia do Nascimento</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karine Lima Silva</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gleilton Weyne Passos Sales</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mirian Parente Monteiro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nadia Accioly Pinto Nogueira</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sikiru Olaitan Balogun</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mary Anne Medeiros Bandeira</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Momordica Charantia L. Variety from Northeastern Brazil: Analysis of Antimicrobial Activity and Phytochemical Components</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antifungal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ethnopharmacology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">in vitro activity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1312-1324</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Momordica charanthia &lt;/em&gt;L., Curcubitaceae, is a pantropical food and medicinal plant. The plant is included in the Official List of Brazilian Medicinal Plants of interest to the Brazilian Unified Health System. The study aimed to perfom microbiological studies with extracts of &lt;em&gt;Momordica charanthia&lt;/em&gt; L. including chemical characterization of the active extracts. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The antimicrobial activity was evaluated with the hydroalcoholic and acetone extracts of&lt;em&gt; M. charantia&lt;/em&gt; leaves, fruits and seeds from northeastern Brazil using microdilution broth technique on the selected clinical bacterial and fungal strains. Extracts that presented antimicrobial were subjected to ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QToF-ESI-MS). &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The&lt;em&gt; in vitro &lt;/em&gt;antimicrobial assays demonstrated that the leaves extracts presented good antibacterial effect against four &lt;em&gt;Staphylococcus aureus &lt;/em&gt;strains, and a weak antifungal activity agaist &lt;em&gt;Candida albicans&lt;/em&gt;. Fourteen compounds were identified in the hydroalcoholic extract, while 12 were found in the acetone extract. The most important compounds were kaempferol, quercertin and triterpenoids like cucurbitacins. &lt;strong&gt;Conclussion: &lt;/strong&gt;The present study demonstrated the potential antibacterial activity of &lt;em&gt;M. charantia&lt;/em&gt; L. from northeastern part of Brazil, in addition to important phytochemical metabolites known to possess antibacterial activities, particularly against microrganisms of clinical importance. The UPLC phytochemical profile of the Brazilian variety is reported here for the first time. The phytochemical profile of the LHE and FAE demonstrated the presence of biologically and pharmacologically active compounds. There is lack of biological and pharmacological studies to support the medicinal uses of this important plant. The Brazilian variety of &lt;em&gt;M. Charantia &lt;/em&gt;could be a potential therapeutic agent in the treatment of infections.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1312</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;William Antonio Sagástegui Guarniz&lt;sup&gt;1,8&lt;/sup&gt;, Kirley Marques Canuto&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Paulo Riceli Vasconcelos Ribeiro&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Hilania Valeria Dodou&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Karla Nascimento Magalhaes&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Kellen Miranda Sá&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Patrícia Georgina Garcia do Nascimento&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Karine Lima Silva&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Gleilton Weyne Passos Sales&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Mirian Parente Monteiro&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Nadia Accioly Pinto Nogueira&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Sikiru Olaitan Balogun&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;,*, Mary Anne Medeiros Bandeira&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Odontology and Nursing, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Ceará, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical, Ceará, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Horto de Plantas Medicinais Prof FJA Matos, Universidade Federal do Ceará, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Ceara, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Ceará, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Ceará, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Faculdade Noroeste do Mato Grosso - AJES, 78.320-000, Juína, Mato Grosso, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, National University of Trujillo, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ruszymah Bt Hj Idrus</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aminuddin Bin Saim</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olea europaea and Its Constituents Promote Bone Health by Enhancing Osteoblast Differentiation and Proliferation: A Review</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bone</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hydroxytyrosol</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oleuropein</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olive</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Osteoblast</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-7</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; The human bone is in a constant state of balance between bone resorption and bone formation, maintained by the osteoclasts and osteoblasts respectively. Association of Mediterranean diet and bone health has been prevalently studied in recent years. Olive and its constituents have been suggested to be the major contributor to the benefits of the Mediterranean diet in bone health. &lt;strong&gt;Method:&lt;/strong&gt; In this review, cellular and molecular mechanism of bone homeostasis and the influence of olive and its constituents were discussed. &lt;strong&gt;Result:&lt;/strong&gt; Many studies ranging from clinical, animal and in vitro cell culture reported benefits of olive and its constituents in bone health. Olive and its constituent exerted its beneficial effect in bone health through stimulation of bone formation as opposed to inhibition of bone resorption.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Olive and its constituents promotes osteoblast differentiation and proliferation.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Review Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ruszymah Bt Hj Idrus&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Aminuddin Bin Saim&lt;sup&gt;2 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Physiology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Cheras, 56000, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Ear, Nose and Throat Consultant Clinic, Ampang Puteri Specialist Hospital, Ampang, 68000, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S Dhanalakshmi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">C N Hemalatha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sai Ramya Bharathi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">C Dhivya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S Vanishree</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">V Rekha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">V Vijayalakshmi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A Hari priya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sai Monisha</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Optimization Method for Determination of Swelling Factor Linum usitatissimum Seeds</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Formulation parameter</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seed</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Swelling index</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">936-943</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim:&lt;/strong&gt; Aspire of the investigation is to amend the method for determination of swelling factor of seeds, so it can be determined to optimize the minimum errors which will be reproducible. Swelling factor is play key role if the phytoconsitituent rich in mucilage and polysaccharide which constitute a diverse class of biological macromolecules. &lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Sugar molecules play a broad range of physiochemical properties which are widely used for applications in Pharmacy and the present investigation work is related to determine the effect of parameters such as quantity of seed, volume and nature of solvent, time interval of agitation, time of measurement of result, Effect of quantity of seeds on swelling factor determination. Solvent Optimized technic gives superlative results over IP method. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The swelling factor of &lt;em&gt;Linum usitatissimum&lt;/em&gt; was evaluated by using different polar to non-polar solvents by using the standard procedure. During the determination, the role of physical parameter were calculated by comprising the swelling factor with agitation and temperature. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; According to the observations, the lower concentration levels of swelling index used as an alternative binder to starch. keeping one parameter as variable while all other parameters constant, it was observed that the swelling index of gives better results using the solvents plain distilled water, seeds moistened with alcohol. It was also observed that agitation at every three hours till the process of 24 hours is maintained would give better results, keeping one parameter as variable while all other parameters constant.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">936</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;S Dhanalakshmi&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, C N Hemalatha&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sai Ramya Bharathi&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, C Dhivya&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, S Vanishree&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, V Rekha&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, V Vijayalakshmi&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;, A Hari priya&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;, Sai Monisha&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dr.M.G.R Educational and Research Institute, Velappanchavadi, Chennai – 600 077, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dr.M.G.R Educational and Research Institute, Velappanchavadi, Chennai – 600 077, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dr.M.G.R Educational and Research Institute, Velappanchavadi, Chennai – 600 077, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dr.M.G.R Educational and Research Institute, Velappanchavadi, Chennai – 600 077, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bandenawaz Ramadurga</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rakesh Kumar Jat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shrishailappa Badami</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognostic Evaluation and Antimicrobial Activity of Root of Careya arborea</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antifungal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Careya arborea</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">standardization</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">608-612</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Careya arborea&lt;/em&gt; is known for its traditional medicinal properties and reported for potent antitumor, antioxidant, hepatoprotective and many other activities. Its stem bark, leaves and fruits were studied biologically, but so far its root has not been studied.&lt;strong&gt; Aim: &lt;/strong&gt;The aim of the present study is to standardize the root of &lt;em&gt;Careya arborea &lt;/em&gt;and its extracts pharmacognostically and also to screen its extracts for their antimicrobial activities against several bacteria and fungi using standard procedures.&lt;strong&gt; Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Loss on drying, extractive and ash values, fluorescence and phytochemical analysis of the root and its extracts were studied using standard procedures. Antimicrobial activity was carried out by determining minimum inhibitory concentration. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Among all the extracts, the successive ethyl acetate extract was found to be the most active with lowest MIC values against &lt;em&gt;L. acidophilius, S. aureus, C. freundii, P. aeruginosa and M. luteus.&lt;/em&gt; The successive chloroform extract was also found to be highly active against &lt;em&gt;P. aeruginosa and fungi, M. furfur and C. albicans&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The results are helpful in standardizing the root of the plant and since several of the root extracts possess antimicrobial properties, there is a need to isolate its constituents.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Short Communication</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">608</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bandenawaz Ramadurga&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Rakesh Kumar Jat&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Shrishailappa Badami&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biological Sciences, Baze University, Abuja, NIGERIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, JJT University, Chudela, Rajasthan, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Radiant Research Laboratories Pvt. Ltd., Bangalore, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Messan Koffi Adjogblé</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Batomayena Bakoma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kossi Metowogo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kodjovi Dotsè Amouzou</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yao Potchoo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kwashie Eklu-gadegbeku</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kodjo A Aklikokou</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Menssanvi Gbeassor</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognostic Studies and Artemisinin Content of Artemisia Annua L. Grown in Togo</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Artemisia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Artemisinin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognostic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Total Phenols</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1331-1335</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Artemisia annua &lt;/em&gt;grown in Togo is used as an antimalaria drug. The present study shows a detailed analysis of pharmacognostic evaluation of leaf powder and root that will be used for the purpose of identification, authentication, and consequent standardization. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Both the leaf and root were evaluated for their macroscopic and microscopic features. The physicochemical parameters of the leaf powder and its phytochemical screening were done based on its total phenols and flavonoïd content. Artemisinin content was also performed using weigh method after extraction. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Physicochemical evaluation yielded water, alcohol, acetone, methanol, chloroform, and petroleum ether soluble extractive values which are 2.25%, 1.25%, 4.22%, 8.12% and 3.77% (w/w), respectively. Fluorescence analysis imparted characteristic colors to the leaf powder when observed under visible, UV light 254 and 365 nm. Phytochemical screening of leaf powder showed the presence of alkaloïds, flavonoïd, and anthracene derivatives. Total phenols and flavonoïd content were 32.5 ± 0.67 mEq Gallic Acid/100 mg and 11.3 ± 1.52. mgEq Quercetin/100 mg, respectively. Artemisinin content value was 0.009% (w/w). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Various pharmacognostic parameters which were evaluated assisted in identification and standardization of &lt;em&gt;A. annua &lt;/em&gt;leaf in powder and crude form.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1331</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Messan Koffi Adjogblé&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Batomayena Bakoma&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;,*, Kossi Metowogo&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, David Amouzou&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Yao Potchoo&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Kwashie Eklu-gadegbeku&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Kodjo A. Aklikokou&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Menssanvi Gbeassor&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Lomé, Po Box: 1515 Lomé, TOGO.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Physiology/Pharmacology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lomé, Po Box: 1515 Lomé, TOGO.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;House of Artemisia Biodélice, Achanvé Tsévié, TOGO.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Danae Liviac</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paola Raunelli</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rafael Alvis</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Silvio Puente</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ivan Best</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oscar Reategui</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical Analysis, In vitro Antioxidant Capacity and Toxicity Assessment of Copaifera paupera Oleoresin</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antigenotoxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Comet assay</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Copaifera paupera</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Micronucleus test</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oleoresin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical analysis</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">374-378</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study was taken to determine the phytochemical analysis, the antioxidant activity &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; (FRAP and TBARS methodologies), the oral acute toxicity and antigenotoxicity of the oleoresin &lt;em&gt;Copaifera paupera&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The oleoresin was tested for &lt;em&gt;in vivo&lt;/em&gt; cytoprotective capacity using the Micronucleus Test and the Comet Assay in mice bone marrow cells and mice erythrocytes cells, respectively.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The oleoresin had low levels of total flavonoids and phenol content and also of antioxidant capacity. Orally, the LD50 appeared to be &amp;gt; 5000 mg/kg (no toxic or low toxic). The results showed all the doses evaluated (180 360, 720 and 1440 mg/kg) antigenotoxic effect by reduce the DNA damage induced by cyclophosphamide, being a 100 % DNA damage reduction at the highest dose evaluated. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; According to the Micronucleus test, the oleoresin Copaifera paupera had the ability of increase the cell proliferation despite the exposition of cyclophosphamide. (abstract is not arranged properly, improper sentences)&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">374</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Danae Liviac&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Paola Raunelli&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Rafael Alvis&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Silvio Puente&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Ivan Best&lt;sup&gt;2,4,5&lt;/sup&gt;, Oscar Reategui&lt;sup&gt;3* &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology. Universidad Científica del Sur, Panamericana Sur Km 19, Lima, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Universidad Científica del Sur, Panamericana Sur Km 19, Lima, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;School of Agroforestry Engineering. Universidad Científica del Sur, Panamericana Sur Km 19, Lima, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Hersil S. A. Laboratorios Industriales Farmacéuticos, Lima, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Grupo de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación en Alimentos, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Lima, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dina Kanj</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karim Raafat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdalla El-Lakany</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Safaa Baydoun</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maha Aboul-Ela</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical Compounds Of Cichorium intybus by Exploring its Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Activities</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antidiabetic effects</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cichorium Intybus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Serum insulin</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">248-257</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction&lt;/strong&gt;: The current study aims to evaluate the therapeutic effect of &lt;em&gt;Cichorium intybus&lt;/em&gt; n-hexane extract on &lt;em&gt;diabetes mellitus&lt;/em&gt; and its antioxidant effect &lt;em&gt;in vivo&lt;/em&gt; in alloxinated animals. Diabetic neuropathy improvement was also tested as well as insulin levels and histology of the pancreas were performed. &lt;strong&gt;Methods&lt;/strong&gt;: The chromatographic standardization of &lt;em&gt;C. intybus&lt;/em&gt; extract was performed using isocratic HPLC, which indicated the presence of numerous phyto-constituents. The hexane extract was studied for its effect on blood glucose levels and painful diabetic neuropathy (DN) in diabetic mice. Hyperalgesia and mechanical-allodynia were evaluated using thermal stimuli, pain response to radiant energy experiments and a mechanical sensitivity test respectively. Subsequently, after eight weeks of being alloxinated, BGL, body weight, antioxidant activity, insulin levels and glycated hemoglobin were recorded to evaluate antidiabetic potential and the DN. &lt;strong&gt;Results&lt;/strong&gt;: The administration of &lt;em&gt;Cichorium intybus&lt;/em&gt; extract (50, 75 and 100 mg/kg) and a combination of &lt;em&gt;Cichorium intybus&lt;/em&gt; extract and &lt;em&gt;Camellia sinensis&lt;/em&gt; (50 + 200 mg/kg, respectively) have revealed an acute hypoglycemic effect ranging from 14.15% and 42.4%. The sub-chronic anti-diabetic effect ranged from 23.41% and 44.8%. They diminished hyperalgesia and tangible allodynia significantly (p&amp;lt;0.05), (n=7 per group). The powerful neuroprotective properties might serve as potential lead-compounds for further analysis. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;: The histological study and the potent antioxidant effect showed that they could assist in the management of diabetes mellitus and DN by amelioration of insulin levels and regeneration of pancreatic beta cells.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">248</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dina Kanj&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Karim Raafat&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Abdalla El-Lakany&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Safaa Baydoun&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Maha Aboul-Ela&lt;sup&gt;1 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beirut Arab University, Beirut 115020, LEBANON.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Research Center for Environment and Development, Beirut Arab University, Taanayel, LEBANON.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Srinivasa Reddy Bonam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sathish Kumar Manoharan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vijayapandi Pandy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anji Reddy Raya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rama Rao Nadendla</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Manjunathan Jagadeesan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ankem Narendra Babu</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical, in vitro Antioxidant and in vivo Safety Evaluation of Leaf Extracts of Tragia plukenetii</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dermal toxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DPPH assay</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Iron chelation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oral toxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tragia plukenetii.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">β-carotene-linoleic acid complex</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">338-345</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To investigate the phytochemical properties,&lt;em&gt; in vitro&lt;/em&gt; antioxidant and in vivo safety profile of leaf extracts of Tragia plukenetii (TP).&lt;strong&gt; Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; TP leaves were obtained from the south part of India (Guntur District, Andhra Pradesh) and it was extracted with different solvents (benzene extract (BE), chloroform extract (CE) and methanolic extract (ME)). These TP extracts were analyzed for the &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; antioxidant activity by DPPH reducing power, β-carotene-linoleic acid complex and iron chelation assays followed by in vivo acute oral and dermal toxicities using Swiss mice and Wistar rats respectively. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study results revealed ME exhibited an effective and powerful antioxidant activity when compared to a standard antioxidant, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). ME was found to be effective in DPPH, β-carotene-linoleic acid complex and iron chelation assays respectively. In vivo acute oral toxicity study revealed that mice treated with up to 5000 mg/kg of BE, CE and ME did not show any signs of toxicity. Furthermore, similarly, acute dermal toxicity study demonstrated that BE, CE and ME did not exhibit any signs of dermal toxicity up to 1000 mg/kg in rats. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; TP extracts possess an excellent antioxidant activity with a devoid of any signs of acute oral and dermal toxicities.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">338</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Srinivasa Reddy Bonam&lt;sup&gt;1,2,&lt;/sup&gt; Sathish Kumar Manoharan&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Vijayapandi Pandy&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Anji Reddy Raya&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Rama Rao Nadendla&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Manjunathan Jagadeesan&lt;sup&gt;3,4,&lt;/sup&gt; Ankem Narendra Babu&lt;sup&gt;1 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Chalapathi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lam, Guntur, 522034, Andhra Pradesh, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;UMR 7242 CNRS- Neuroimmunology and Peptide Therapy Team, University of Strasbourg, Biotechnology and Cell Signaling (Strasbourg School of Biotechnology, ESBS), Illkirch, 67400, FRANCE.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biotechnology, Vels University, Pallavaram, Chennai-600117, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Research and Development, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chromepet, Chennai- 600044, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Srinivasa Reddy Bonam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sathish Kumar Manoharan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vijayapandi Pandy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anji Reddy Raya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rama Rao Nadendla</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Manjunathan Jagadeesan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ankem Narendra Babu</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical, in vitro Antioxidant and in vivo Safety Evaluation of Leaf Extracts of Tragia plukenetii</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nil</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">848</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;In principle, this figure represents non-toxic effect of TP. As all the treatment groups are non-toxic, we have optimistically represented the figure. Due to the manual error while copying the figure 4, BE image was taken from different group instead of actual one. This has been rectified in the corrected image of figure 4. In ground reality, however, the present modifications in the figure do not alter the scientific meaning of the figure or the outcome of the study conclusions. &lt;strong&gt;Read more...&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Corrigendum</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">848</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Srinivasa Reddy Bonam&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sathish Kumar Manoharan&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Vijayapandi Pandy&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Anji Reddy Raya&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Rama Rao Nadendla&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Manjunathan Jagadeesan&lt;sup&gt;3,4&lt;/sup&gt;, Ankem Narendra Babu&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Chalapathi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lam, Guntur, 522034, Andhra Pradesh, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;UMR 7242 CNRS- Neuroimmunology and Peptide Therapy Team, University of Strasbourg, Biotechnology and Cell Signaling (Strasbourg School of Biotechnology, ESBS), Illkirch, 67400, FRANCE.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biotechnology, Vels University, Pallavaram, Chennai-600117, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Research and Development, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chromepet, Chennai- 600044, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pushpender Bhardwaj</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohan Singh Thakur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sahil Kapoor</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ashwani Kumar Bhardwaj</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ajay Sharma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shweta Saxena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Om Prakash Chaurasia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Raj kumar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical Screening and Antioxidant Activity Study of Methanol Extract of Stems and Roots of Codonopsis clematidea from Trans-himalayan Region</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Codonopsis clematidea</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fructose</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GC-MS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MER</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MES</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">536-546</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim:&lt;/strong&gt; The present report aimed to study the therapeutic and phytochemical properties of stems and roots of trans-himalayan plant &lt;em&gt;Codonopsis clematidea.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Material and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The crude samples of stems and roots were explored for their chlorophyll, carotenoid and carbohydrate content in order to understand the matrix of these two plant parts. The extraction of phytochemicals was carried out by three different methods&lt;em&gt; viz&lt;/em&gt;. sonication, maceration and soxhlet in methanol to identify the best extraction method. Further, analysis of Total Flavonoid Content (TFC) and Total Polyphenolic Content (TPC) were carried out using rutin trihydrate and gallic acid as a reference standard. Antioxidant capacity was estimated using three methods viz. 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2’-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging assay and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) assay. In addition to this, GC-MS analysis was also performed for the identification of volatile constituents of Methanol Extract of Stems (MES) and Methanol Extract of Roots (MER). &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The MES and Dimethylsulfoxide Extract of Stems (DES) were found to have higher Chlorophyll a (Ch&lt;sub&gt;a&lt;/sub&gt;) content in comparison to Chlorophyll b (Ch&lt;sub&gt;b&lt;/sub&gt;) and Carotenoids (C&lt;sub&gt;ca&lt;/sub&gt;). Carbohydrate profile showed that stems and roots have the highest content of fructose in comparison to other sugar moieties. The soxhlet method showed the highest percentage extractive yield in the stems as well as roots. Results revealed that the MES showed higher antioxidant potential as compared to the MER. A correlation has also found to exist between the results of TPC, TFC and antioxidant assays, since TPC and TFC are key constituents responsible for the antioxidant potential. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;These results have been found to suggest the richness of MES in natural phenols, flavonoids and antioxidants. Further, study should be conducted over identification and characterization of compounds present in the extract.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">536</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pushpender Bhardwaj&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Mohan Singh Thakur&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Sahil Kapoor&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ashwani Kumar Bhardwaj&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ajay Sharma&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Shweta Saxena&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Om Prakash Chaurasia&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Raj Kumar&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Medicinal Plant, Defence Institute of High-Altitude Research c/o 56 APO, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology, Longowal, Sangrur, Punjab-148106, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kalaivani Selvaraj</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Girija Sivakumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aruthra Arumugam Pillai</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Srinivasa Rao Bolla</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geetha Royapuram Veeraraghavan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gayathri Rengasamy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Joel P Joseph</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Janardhana PB</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical Screening, HPTLC Fingerprinting and Invitro Antioxidant Activity of Root Extract of Asparagus racemosus</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Asparagus racemosus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chromatography</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemistry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytoconstituents</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Therapeutics</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">818-823</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Asparagus racemosus &lt;/em&gt;is a climber shrub used in Indian medicine for centuries. It has been used as galactogogue and nerve tonic in folk medicine. The recent research on &lt;em&gt;A. racemosus&lt;/em&gt; has revealed its disease fighting properties such as anti-bacterial, immunomodulatory, cardio protective, anti-stress, etc. Phytochemicals present in the plants are associated with their therapeutic capabilities. Hence, phytochemical screening of a therapeutic plant is essential. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; A preliminary qualitative screening of phytoconstituents present in the ethanol and aqueous extract of the plant was done. high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) was used to create a phytochemical fingerprint of the plant extract. Further, a series of antioxidant assays, i.e., 2,2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl (DDPH) radical, Nitric oxide (NO) radical, Superoxide (SO) radical and 2,2'-azinobis( 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging assays were done.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The phytochemical screening and the HPTLC fingerprint showed the presence of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, glycosides, triterpenoids, saponins etc. They also showed free radical scavenging property and hence can be used as potential primary antioxidant. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;A preliminary screening created a phytochemical profile of &lt;em&gt;A. racemosus &lt;/em&gt;extracts. These phytoconstituents may be linked to the various known therapeutic applications of the plant. This may aid in further extensive studies for identifying and isolating compounds with potential therapeutic value in&lt;em&gt; A. racemosus&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">818</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Kalaivani Selvaraj&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Girija Sivakumar&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Aruthra Arumugam Pillai&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan&lt;sup&gt;5,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Srinivasa Rao Bolla&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Geetha Royapuram Veeraraghavan&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;, Gayathri Rengasamy&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Joel P Joseph&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Janardhana PB&lt;sup&gt;4 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Anatomy, Priyadharshini Dental College, Pandur, Thirubvallur – 602 001, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Research Scholar, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, 173, Agaram Main Road, Selaiyur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600 073, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Anatomy, Karpaga Vinayaga Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, GST Road, Chinna Kolambakkam, Palayanoor P.O., Kanchipuram Dist., Madurantagam-603 308, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biotechnology, Stellixir Biotech Private Ltd, Peenya 2nd Stage Industrial Area, Bangalore – 560 058, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, 162, P. H. Road, Velappanchavadi, Chennai – 600 077, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O.Box 2114, Dammam 31451, KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA (KSA).&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, 162, P. H. Road, Velappanchavadi, Chennai – 600 077, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Batomayena Bakoma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sabrina Sanvee</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kossi Metowogo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yao Potchoo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kwashie Eklu gadegbeku</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kodjo Aklikokou</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Menssanvi Gbeassor</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical Study and Biological Activities of Hydro-Alcoholic Extract of the Leaves of Bridelia ferruginea Benth and its Fractions</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bridelia ferruginea</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diabetes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fractionation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">OGTT</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">141-145</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Context and purpose:&lt;/strong&gt; The roots of &lt;em&gt;B. ferruginea&lt;/em&gt; are used in traditional Togo medicine in the treatment of diabetes. Studies have shown that leaves have a low antihyperglycemic effect. This study aims to improve the effect of leaves. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The hydroalcoholic extract of the leaves underwent a fractionation (separation in cold alcohol) and an OGTT (Oral Glucose tolerance test) on healthy mice, a phytochemical screening and antioxidant tests (&lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt;: DPPH and &lt;em&gt;ex vivo&lt;/em&gt;: AAPH) were performed on the extract and its fractions. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Phytochemical screening of the extract showed the presence of phenols, flavonoids and condensed tannins as well as the absence of condensed tannins, alkaloids, saponosides and anthracene derivatives. The extract also showed antioxidant activity. The supernatant fraction showed antihyperglycemic activity at 100 mg / kg in the 30th and 60th after glucose administration. Phytochemical screening of the supernatant revealed the presence of phenols, flavonoids and condensed tannins. The supernatant also showed more pronounced antioxidant activity than the total extract. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; In view of these results, the most active fraction obtained by the separation technique in cold alcohol is the supernatant.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">141</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Batomayena Bakoma&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Sabrina Sanvee&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Kossi Metowogo&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Yao Potchoo&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Kwashie Eklu gadegbeku&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Kodjo Aklikokou&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Menssanvi Gbeassor&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Lomé, Po Box: 1515 Lomé, TOGO.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Physiology/ Pharmacology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lomé, Po Box: 1515 Lomé, TOGO.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ekaterina Vyacheslavovna Sergunova</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alla Anatolyevna Sorokina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dmitry Olegovich Bokov</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anna Igorevna Marakhova</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Qualitative and Quantitative Determination of Organic Acids in Crude Herbal Drugs and Medicinal Herbal Preparations for Quality Control in Russian Federation by Modern Physicochemical Methods</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coulometry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Crude herbal drugs</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">High Performance Liquid Chromatography</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Organic acids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Potentiometry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Redox titration</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Titrimetric Methods</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1132-1137</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Organic acids (malic, citric, tartaric, oxalic, acetic, formic, isovaleric, ascorbic acids) make up a large group of biologically active substances and play an important role in plant and human metabolism. They are found in large quantities in the fruits of &lt;em&gt;Rosaceae&lt;/em&gt; family medicinal plants that included in State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation. Standardization of crude herbal drugs containing organic acids by modern physicochemical methods is a high-priority task.&lt;strong&gt; Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The determination of total organic acids amount was carried out in aqueous extracts from different fruits of &lt;em&gt;Rosaceae&lt;/em&gt; family plants by galvanostatic coulometry and potentiometry methods. Galvanostatic coulometry was performed with the help of the “Expert-006” coulometer with a current of 5 mA (integrated pH meter). Iodine as an electrogenerated titrant was used for ascorbic acid determination; electro generation of hydroxide ions was carried out for determination of total organic acids amount. A potentiometer “Aquilon pH-410” with attached glass and silver chloride electrodes was used for potentiometric determination of total organic acids amount. Individual organic acids have been determined by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with ultra-violet detection (RP-HPLCUV) method. The following conditions were established: Gilson HPLC system, Alltech OA- 1000 Organic Acids (6.5×300 mm, 9 μm) chromatography column, a gradient elution mode, component A of the mobile phase is 98% (0.1% phosphoric acid, 10 mM KH&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;PO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;, solution in water) with 2% acetonitrile, component B is acetonitrile, the eluent feed rate is 1 ml/min.&lt;strong&gt; Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Modern physicochemical methods for the analysis of biologically active substances, organic acids, for quality control of crude herbal drugs and medicinal herbal preparations, are developed and discussed. The optimal conditions for the qualitative and quantitative organic acid analysis are selected and described taking into account modern pharmacopoeial requirements. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Galvanostatic coulometry and potentiometry methods, as well as RP-HPLC-UV, can be successfully used in the quality control of crude herbal drugs and medicinal herbal preparations, specifically fruits of &lt;em&gt;Rosaceae&lt;/em&gt; family plants. Development and validation of analytical methods for monitoring the content of this BAS group is an important research area in the pharmacopoeial standardization of crude herbal drugs.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1132</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ekaterina Vyacheslavovna Sergunova&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Alla Anatolyevna Sorokina&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Dmitry Olegovich Bokov&lt;sup&gt;1,2,3&lt;/sup&gt;, Anna Igorevna Marakhova&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical and Natural Sciences, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8 Trubetskaya St., bldg. 2, 119991, RUSSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Analytical, Physical and Colloid Chemistry, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8 Trubetskaya St., bldg. 2, 119991, RUSSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Federal Research Center for Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, 2/14, Ustyinsky pr., Moscow, 109240, RUSSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Institute of Biochemical Technology and Nanotechnology, Рeoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Miklukho-Maklaya St., 6, Moscow, 117198, RUSSIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rima Boukhary</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maha Aboul-Ela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdalla El-Lakany</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Review on Chemical Constituents and Biological Activities of Genus Anthemis</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anthemis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-inflammatory</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-oxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sesquiterpenes</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1155-1166</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Genus &lt;em&gt;Anthemis&lt;/em&gt; of Family Asteraceae contains mainly flavonoids, sesquiterpene lactones belonging to germacranolides, eudesmanolides, guaianolides, sterols and essential oils. The Plants of genus Anthemis have been known to have anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities due to their rich contents of important physiological and biological compounds. They are referred to as nature’s biological response modifier’s and are involved in energy transfer, photosensitization and morphogenesis. Several clinical studies have shown that people who take diets rich in flavonoids and sesquiterpenes have reduced risk of developing cancer and cardiovascular diseases. This article covers most of constituents of plants of genus Anthemis reported from 2002 up to 2018. Furthermore, the biological activities of plants of genus Anthemis will be presented.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Review Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1155</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rima Boukhary*, Maha Aboul- ElA, Abdalla El-Lakany&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beirut Arab University, 115020 Beirut, LEBANON.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shikha Rangra Chandel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vikas Kumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shikha Guleria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nitin Sharma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anuradha Sourirajan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prem Kumar Khosla</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">David J. Baumler</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kamal Dev</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sequential Fractionation by Organic Solvents Enhances the Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of Ethanolic Extracts of Fruits and Leaves of Terminalia bellerica from North Western Himalayas, India</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimicrobial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ethanolic extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fruits</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leaves</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terminalia bellerica</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">94-101</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Terminalia bellerica&lt;/em&gt; belonging to family combretaceae is one of the major components of “Triphala”, an Ayurvedic formulation. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To evaluate antioxidant potential in the ethanolic extract and its active fraction (chloroform, ethyl acetate, n- butanol and aqueous fraction) from fruits and leaves of&lt;em&gt; Terminalia bellerica&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Folin-Ciocalteau method and aluminium chloride method was used to quantify total phenolic and flavonoid content respectively in ethanolic extract and their fractions from fruits and leaves of &lt;em&gt;T. bellerica&lt;/em&gt;. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using total antioxidant activity, DPPH, FRAP and total antioxidant activity methods. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Total phenolics (254.72±3.03 mg/g GAE and 227.52±1.38 mg/g GAE) and flavonoids (64.77±1.24 mg/gm RE and 75.57±1.38 mg/gm RE) content was higher in ethyl acetate fraction of both fruits and leaves sample of &lt;em&gt;T. bellerica&lt;/em&gt;, respectively. The order of free radical scavenging activities was ethyl acetate fraction &amp;gt; crude ethanolic extract &amp;gt; n-butanol fraction &amp;gt; chloroform fraction &amp;gt; aqueous fraction. Similarly, ethyl acetate fraction of both fruits and leaves exhibited more antimicrobial activity as compared to that of ethanolic extract as revealed from agar well diffusion method with diameter of zone of inhibi¬tion of 14.0±1.41 mm, 21.0±1.41 mm, 14.0±1.41 mm, 14.5±0.71 mm in fruits and 18.0±1.41 mm, 22.5±2.12 mm, 15.5±2.12 mm, 14.5±3.53 mm in leaves against &lt;em&gt;B. subtilis&lt;/em&gt;,&lt;em&gt; S. aureus,&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;E. coli&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;K. pneumoniae&lt;/em&gt;, respectively. MIC values for fruits were 3.125 mg/ml, 0.375 mg/ml, 3.125 mg/ml, 3.125 mg/ml and for leaves were 1.5625 mg/ml, 0.19 mg/ml, 0.78 mg/ ml, 0.78 mg/ml against &lt;em&gt;B. subtilis,&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;S. aureus,&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;E. coli, K. pneumoniae&lt;/em&gt;, respectively. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study provides the evidence for comparative antioxidant and antibacterial potential of ethanolic extracts of fruits and leaves of &lt;em&gt;T. bellerica&lt;/em&gt;. . Moreover, leaves can be promoted to be used for therapeutics and natural antioxidants.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">94</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Shikha Rangra Chandel&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Vikas Kumar&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Shikha Guleria&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Nitin Sharma&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sub&gt;,&amp;nbsp;&lt;/sub&gt;Anuradha Sourirajan&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Prem Kumar Khosla&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, David J. Baumler&lt;sup&gt;3,4,5&lt;/sup&gt;, Kamal Dev&lt;sup&gt;1,3* &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Post Box No. 9, Head Post Office, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biotechnology, Chandigarh Group of Colleges, Landran, Mohali, Punjab, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, St. Paul, MN, USA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Microbial and Plant Genome Institute, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, St. Paul, MN, USA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Biotechnology Institute, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, St. Paul, MN, USA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ekaterina Vyacheslavovna Sergunova</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dmitry Olegovich Bokov</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Some Pharmacognostic Studies of the Bird Cherry (Padus avium Mill.) and Mountain Ash (Sorbus aucuparia L.) Fruits Collected from Moscow (Russia)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anatomical Signs</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fruits</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mineral Composition</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Organic acids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Padus avium Mill.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rosaceae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Simple Sugars</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sorbus aucuparia L.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">996-1002</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Light microscopic analysis is appropriate pharmacopoeial method for quality control of fresh and fast-frozen Rosaceae family plants fruits. It is widely used for crude herbal drugs analysis and helps to identify significant anatomical and diagnostic signs. The aim of the research was to establish the identity characteristics of the dried and frozen fruits of mountain ash and bird cherry and to perform phytochemical analysis of studied objects harvested in Moscow. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Light microscopic analysis was used for Rosaceae fruits identity estimation. The fruits of mountain ash (&lt;em&gt;Sorbus aucuparia&lt;/em&gt; L.) and bird cherry &lt;em&gt;(Padus avium Mill&lt;/em&gt;.) were collected in the fruiting phase on the territory of the Botanical Garden of Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University. Fruits samples were dried at the temperature of 60-80°C and frozen at the temperature of -18-20°C. The epidermis surface preparation and the fruit pulp squash preparation were prepared for microscopic examination. The photographs were obtained from an AXIO IMAGER D1 biological laboratory microscope (Carl Zeiss Microscopy) with the help of a Canon Power shot A 650 IS camera. The elemental composition of the&lt;em&gt; P. avium&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;S. aucuparia&lt;/em&gt; fruits was determined by X-ray fluorescence analysis (XFA) using an S4 Pioneer X-ray spectrometer. Simple sugar analysis was performed by using reverse phase HPLC with refractometric detection, analysis of organic acids – by using ion-pair HPLC with UV-detection (210 nm) in the isocratic elution mode (Agilent 1260 Infinity LC). &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Characteristic signs of the anatomical structure of dried and frozen &lt;em&gt;S. aucuparia, P. avium&lt;/em&gt; fruits were determined. Diagnostic anatomical signs of &lt;em&gt;S. aucuparia, P. avium&lt;/em&gt; fruits are: the form of epidermal cells, stone cells, inclusions of calcium oxalate (prismatic crystals and druses), vessels, parenchyma with biologically active substances (anthocyanins, carotenoids). The presence and content of Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, S, K, Ca, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr were evaluated. Organic acids profile of&lt;em&gt; S. aucuparia, P. avium&lt;/em&gt; fruits is presented by citric, malic, oxalic, succinic, tartaric, fumaric, quinic, ascorbic, sorbic acids. Total content of simple sugars, presented by glucose, fructose, sucrose, is in the interval of 8-9%.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The results of a comparative microscopic analysis of bird cherry and mountain ash dried and frozen fruits were obtained. They allowed to identify diagnostically significant elements of the anatomical structure that can be used to establish the fruits identity. The obtained data is of great value for &lt;em&gt;S. aucuparia, P. avium&lt;/em&gt; fruits pharmacopoeial analysis in the Russian Federation.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">996</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ekaterina Vyacheslavovna Sergunova&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Dmitry Olegovich Bokov&lt;sup&gt;1,2,3&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical and Natural Sciences, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8 Trubetskaya St., bldg. 2, Moscow, 119991, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Analytical, Physical and Colloid Chemistry, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8 Trubetskaya St., bldg. 2, Moscow, 119991, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Federal Research Center for Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, 2/14, Ustyinsky pr., Moscow, 109240, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dwitiyanti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yahdiana Harahap</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berna Elya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anton Bahtiar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Study of Molecular Docking of Vitexin in Binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) Leaves Extract on Glibenclamide-CYP3A4 Interaction</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diabetes mellitus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Glibenclamide</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular docking</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vitexin</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1471-1476</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Diabetes Mellitus is a disease that has a high prevalence in Indonesia. About 90-95% of all diabetes cases were caused by the failure or incapability of insulin target cells to respond to the insulin in normal state. The use of glibenclamide antidiabetic drugs with herbs has been occurred frequently in the community. Vitexin, one of active compounds in binahong (&lt;em&gt;Anredera cordifolia&lt;/em&gt; (Ten.) Steenis) leaves, has been known to have an antidiabetic effects. This study aimed to determine the molecular docking interaction of glibenclamide and vitexin in binahong leaves against CYP3A4 as antidiabetic drug. &lt;strong&gt;Method: &lt;/strong&gt;Molecular docking methods were carried out using Autodock Vina software and interaction was visualized using discovery studio. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The study indicated that the value of glibenclamide complex free energy with CYP3A4 was -3.2 kcal/mol and the stability has increasing to -4.4 kcal/mol after docked with vitexin. The glibenclamide and vitexin complexes had 7 Pi alkyl hydrophobic bonds, 1 hydrocarbon hydrogen bond 1 Pi-cation electrostatic interactions, other interactions between Pi bond and sulfur atoms in cysteine amino acid residues, Pi bond interactions in phenylalamin aromatic groups with electron pairs oxygen atom. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;This study concluded that vitexin could improve glibenclamide stability.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1471</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dwitiyanti&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Yahdiana Harahap&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Berna Elya&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Anton Bahtiar&lt;sup&gt;4,&lt;/sup&gt;*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Graduated Program of faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI Depok, West Java 16424, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI Depok, West Java 16424, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI Depok, West Java 16424, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI Depok, West Java 16424, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salah Eddine Marref</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Naima Benkiki</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohamed Akram Melakhessou</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soumia Bouzidi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acute Toxicity, Anti-ulcer and Anti-inflammatory Effects of Methanol Extract of Gladiolus segetum in Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-inflammatory</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiulcer genic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gastric ulcer</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gladiolus segetum</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/665</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">758-762</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objectives:&lt;/strong&gt; To evaluate the &lt;em&gt;in vivo&lt;/em&gt; anti-ulcer and anti-inflammatory activities of methanol extract of the aerial parts of &lt;em&gt;Gladiolus segetum&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; First methanol extract of &lt;em&gt;Gladiolus segetum&lt;/em&gt; was subjected to the acute oral toxicity test according to the OECD, guideline no 423.The anti-ulcer activity of &lt;em&gt;Gladiolus segetum&lt;/em&gt; was investigated by ethanol induced gastric ulcer in Wistar rats. Methanol extract was administered by gavage one hour before ethanol to the different groups at a dose corresponding of 100,250 and 500 mg/kg body weight. The control group received normal saline in comparable volume (10ml/kg body weight) by the same route. The anti-inflammatory activity of the tested extract was evaluated in adult wistar rats by the egg albumin induced paw edema method. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; A significant reduction (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; &amp;lt;0.001) was observed in the results of the present study, revealed that methanol extract possessed gastroprotective activity and exerts a topical anti-inflammatory effect &lt;em&gt;in vivo&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; These results suggest that methanol extract of &lt;em&gt;Gladiolus segetum&lt;/em&gt; may represent an important clinical alternative in anti-inflammatory and antiulcer genic therapeutics.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">758</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Salah Eddine Marref*, Naima Benkiki, Mohamed Akram Melakhessou, Soumia Bouzidi &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Laboratoire de Biotechnologie des Mol&amp;eacute;cules Bioactives et de la Physiopathologie Cellulaire. Universit&amp;eacute; de Batna-2, 05000, ALG&amp;Eacute;RIE.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anjana Goel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aditya Saxena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ashok Kumar Bhatia</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiepileptic Effect of Nux vomica, Homeopathic Remedy, Against Strychnine-Induced Seizers</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anticonvulsant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Epilepsy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nux vomica</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Strychnine</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/473</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">245-248</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To investigate the antiepileptic effect of homeopathic remedy Nux vomica on mice and its comparison with standard therapeutic diazepam. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; BALB-c mice were taken and divided into three groups comprising ten mice in each group. The first group was treated as control; the second group received standard therapeutics (diazepam, i.p.) and the third group received Nux vomica CH7. All groups were treated with strychnine intra peritoneally. Following parameters were observed; start time of convulsions, the number of animals had convulsions, and survival time until death. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Nux vomica CH7 homeopathic preparation was found effective in suspending onset of convulsions (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;˂ 0.01), and extending survival time until death (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;˂ 0.01) in comparison to control mice. It also increased percentage survival in comparison to control as well as diazepam treated animals. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Our study demonstrated efficacy of Nux vomica in epilepsy management.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">245</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Anjana Goel&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;*, Aditya Saxena&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Ashok Kumar Bhatia&lt;sup&gt;3 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Applied Sciences and Humanities, GLA University, 17Km stone, NH#2, Mathura-Delhi Road, PO Chaumuhan, Mathura-281406(U.P.), INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Applied Sciences and Humanities, GLA University, Mathura, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Applied Sciences and Humanities, GLA University, Mathura, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oukacha Amri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abderrahmane Zekhnini</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdellah Bouhaimi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Saida Tahrouch</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdelhakim Hatimi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-inflammatory Activity of Methanolic Extract from Pistacia atlantica Desf. Leaves</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Methanolic extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plantar edema</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TLC</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/369</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">71-76</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; The extracts of the &lt;em&gt;Pistacia&lt;/em&gt; species are known for their anti-inflammatory activity, including fruits and oil of &lt;em&gt;P.&amp;nbsp;atlantica.&lt;/em&gt; However, the inflammatory effect of the methanolic extract of &lt;em&gt;P.&amp;nbsp;atlantica&lt;/em&gt; leaves has not been studied. This work aimed at assessing the antiinflammatory and antioxidant activities of &lt;em&gt;P.&amp;nbsp;atlantica&lt;/em&gt; leaves extract in relation to phytochemical studies of flavonoids. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The extract was obtained using sonication of leaves powder in 80 % methanol. The analysis of phenolic compounds was carried out using thin-layer chromatography (TLC). The antioxidant activity was evaluated using DPPH, ABTS and FRAP assays. The anti-inflammatory activity was determined by the reduction of carrageenaninduced hind paw edema in mice. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The TLC revealed 3 glycosylated flavonoids and gallic acid derivatives. The flavonoids identified corresponded to rutin, quercetrin and other heterosides of quercetin, kaempferol and myricetin. Total phenolics and flavonoids contents were comparable for the male and female trees. The antioxidant activity did not show a significative difference between the two sexes, except for that evaluated by the FRAP assay which was significantly greater for the male tree leaves extract. The leaves extract permitted significative reduction of the edema at h3 and 6 in a dose-dependent manner (100 and 250 mg/kg), while diclofenac used as control reduced the edema at h 1.5. This difference could be explained by the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of diclofenac and &lt;em&gt;P. atlantica &lt;/em&gt;leaves compounds. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;P. atlantica&lt;/em&gt; has a strong anti-inflammatory activity and constitutes a potential source for the development of new treatments.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">71</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Oukacha Amri&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Abderrahmane Zekhnini&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;*, Abdellah Bouhaimi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Saida Tahrouch&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Abdelhakim Hatimi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratoire de Biotechnologies V&amp;eacute;g&amp;eacute;tales, Facult&amp;eacute; des Sciences, 80 000 Agadir, MOROCCO.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratoire des Syst&amp;egrave;mes Aquatiques, Facult&amp;eacute; des Sciences, 80 000 Agadir, MOROCCO.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cristiane Coimbra de Paula</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Domingos Tabajara De Oliveira Martins</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karuppusamy Arunachalam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sikiru Olaitan Balogun</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quessi Irias Borges</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marcelo Garcia Picone</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wander Miguel de Barros</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Regilane Matos da Silva Prado</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimicrobial Screening of Medicinal Plants Popularly used in Mato Grosso for Treating Infections: Advances on the Evaluation of Conyza bonariensis (L.) Cronquist in vitro and in vivo Antibacterial Activities</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acute toxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimicrobial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Conyza bonariensis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mato Grosso</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medicinal plants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Preliminary phytochemistry</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s152-s166</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The aim of this study was to screen a group of medicinal plants&amp;rsquo; extracts used in the treatment of ailments related to infections in the Brazilian popular medicine. And to carry out &lt;em&gt;in vivo&lt;/em&gt; toxicity and antibacterial studies on &lt;em&gt;Conyza bonariensis &lt;/em&gt;(Asteraceae) leaves and roots methanolic extracts selected based on the screening. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Eleven methanolic extracts obtained from nine plants, reportedly used in the treatments of infections from the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil, were initially screened for their in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities employing disc diffusion and broth micro dilution assays. Preliminary phytochemical analysis was carried out. The most promising extract based on our results and previous literature reports was then evaluated in the &lt;em&gt;in vivo&lt;/em&gt; antibacterial activities using mouse model of bacterial infection induced by &lt;em&gt;Staphylococcus aureus&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Escherichia coli.&lt;/em&gt; In addition, &lt;em&gt;in vivo&lt;/em&gt; acute toxicity was conducted to evaluate the safety profile of the extracts. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; All of the extracts tested were active against at least one of the bacterial and fungal strain tested with activities ranging from moderate to weak. Phytochemical analyses of ME&lt;em&gt;Cb&lt;/em&gt;l and ME&lt;em&gt;Cb&lt;/em&gt;r demonstrated the presence of free steroids and coumarins in ME&lt;em&gt;Cb&lt;/em&gt;l and flavonoids, tanins, free steroids, reduced anthraquinones and coumarins in ME&lt;em&gt;CB&lt;/em&gt;r. Oral administration of ME&lt;em&gt;Cb&lt;/em&gt;l and ME&lt;em&gt;Cb&lt;/em&gt;r up to 5000 mg/kg did not provoked any toxicological events in the mice, thus suggesting that the LD&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; is higher than 5000 mg/kg. &lt;em&gt;In vivo&lt;/em&gt; antibacterial assay demonstrated superior prophylactic activity of ME&lt;em&gt;Cb&lt;/em&gt;l compared to ME&lt;em&gt;Cb&lt;/em&gt;r.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; ME&lt;em&gt;Cb&lt;/em&gt;l and ME&lt;em&gt;Cb&lt;/em&gt;r are safe when administered acute orally at doses up to 5000 mg/kg. Methanolic extracts of &lt;em&gt;Conyza bonariensis &lt;/em&gt;possessed in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities. Considerable &lt;em&gt;in vivo&lt;/em&gt; antibacterial activities were observed in bacterial infection model for both ME&lt;em&gt;Cb&lt;/em&gt;l and ME&lt;em&gt;Cb&lt;/em&gt;r, effects comparable to that of meropenem, in some cases. Both extracts present in common free steroids and coumarins. The current&lt;em&gt; in vivo&lt;/em&gt; antibacterial activity study further lend supports to the use of &lt;em&gt;Conyza bonariensis&lt;/em&gt; in the treatment of infections in many traditional medicines.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s152</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cristiane Coimbra de Paula&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Domingos Tabajara De Oliveira Martins&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Karuppusamy Arunachalam&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Sikiru Olaitan Balogun&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Quessi Irias Borges&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Marcelo Garcia Picone&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Wander Miguel de Barros&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Regilane Matos da Silva Prado&lt;sup&gt;1,4 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&amp;Aacute;rea de Farmacologia, Departamento de Ci&amp;ecirc;ncias B&amp;aacute;sicas de Sa&amp;uacute;de, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiab&amp;aacute;, Mato Grosso, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculdade Noroeste do Mato Grosso - AJES, Avenida Gabriel Muller, s/n, Centro, Ju&amp;iacute;na, Mato Grosso, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Programa de P&amp;oacute;s-Gradua&amp;ccedil;&amp;atilde;o em Ci&amp;ecirc;ncia e Tecnologia de Alimentos, Instituto Federal de Educa&amp;ccedil;&amp;atilde;o, Ci&amp;ecirc;ncia e Tecnologia de Mato Grosso (IFMT), Cuiab&amp;aacute;, Mato Grosso, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Centro Universit&amp;aacute;rio Cat&amp;oacute;lica de Quixad&amp;aacute; (UNICATOLICA), Quixad&amp;aacute;, Cear&amp;aacute;, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lok Ranjan Bhatt</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bina Wagle</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Minu Adhikari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Santoshi Bhusal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anjana Giri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shandesh Bhattarai</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant Activity, Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Content of Berberis aristata DC. and Berberis thomsoniana C.K. Schneid. from Sagarmatha National Park, Nepal</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berberis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoid content</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nepal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phenolic content</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s167-s171</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Medicinal plants are the major sources of the crude drugs and natural antioxidants. &lt;em&gt;Berberis&lt;/em&gt; species have been used in the treatment of various ailments around the world including Nepal. However, systematic study on phytochemistry and pharmacology of&lt;em&gt; Berberis&lt;/em&gt; species from Nepal is lacking. &lt;strong&gt;Objectives:&lt;/strong&gt; To evaluate the antioxidant activity, total phenolic and flavonoid contents of &lt;em&gt;Berberis&lt;/em&gt; aristata and &lt;em&gt;Berberis thomsoniana&lt;/em&gt; from Sagarmatha National Park. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Antioxidant activity was measured through 2, 2-Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazyl assay. Total phenolic and flavonoid content were estimated using Folin&amp;ndash;Ciocalteau and aluminum chloride method respectively. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Samples showed dose-dependent radical scavenging activity. Radical scavenging activity of the methanolic extracts of different parts of &lt;em&gt;B. aristata&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;B. thomsoniana&lt;/em&gt; ranged from 19.38 to 98.47%, with leaf extracts of &lt;em&gt;B. thomsoniana&lt;/em&gt; showing the strongest activity. The total phenolic content of the samples varied from 11.04 to 65.30 mg GAE g&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; dry weight whereas total flavonoid content was in between 2.4 to 16.46 mg quercetin/g dry weight. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Among the tested samples, leaf extracts of &lt;em&gt;B. thomsoniana&lt;/em&gt; showed the strongest antioxidant activity and contained the highest amount of total phenolic and flavonoid content.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s167</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lok Ranjan Bhatt*, Bina Wagle, Minu Adhikari, Santoshi Bhusal, Anjana Giri, Shandesh Bhattarai &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Biological Resources unit, Faculty of Science, Nepal Academy of Science and Technology, Khumaltar, Lalitpur, NEPAL.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Regiane Sablina Almeida Bernardes</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sandra Layse Ferreira Sarrazin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flaviana Alves dos Santos</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moacyr Jesus Barreto de Melo Rêgo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maira Galdino da Rocha Pitta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marina Ferraz Cordeiro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Patrícia Danielle Oliveira de Almeida</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ricardo Bezerra de Oliveira</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leoneide Érica Maduro Bouillet</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">José Guilherme Soares Maia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rosa Helena Veras Mourão</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant Capacity and Cytotoxicity of the Aqueous Extract of Myrcia guianensis (Aubl.) DC</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Myrtaceae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oxidative stress</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pedra-ume-caá</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phenolic compounds</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s135-s140</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Ethnobotanical studies report that &lt;em&gt;Myrcia guianensis&lt;/em&gt; (Myrtaceae), belonging to a group of plants known as pedr&amp;aacute;-ume-ca&amp;aacute; or insulin plant, is used as a tea to treat various diseases, including diabetes, a metabolic disorder that leads to the constant production of free radicals. The objective of this work was to determine the antioxidant capacity and the cytotoxicity of the AEMg. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The content of phenolic compounds in AEMg was determined by colorimetric assays. &lt;em&gt;In vitro&lt;/em&gt; tests of the antioxidant capacity of AEMg, in the sequestration of DPPH radicals, in &amp;beta;-carotene bleaching, in the FRAP, as well as in human fibroblast cells of the MRC-5 lineage, were performed. The cytotoxic activity of AEMg was evaluated in assays with eukaryotic cells from yeast &lt;em&gt;Saccharomyces cerevisiae&lt;/em&gt; and in PBMC. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The results showed that the AEMg is rich in phenolic compounds, presenting high antioxidant potential in all the tests carried out, including in human fibroblast cells of the MRC-5 lineage, besides not being toxic to eukaryotic cells. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;: The AEMg, rich in antioxidant compounds and no toxicity, can be used as source of natural antioxidant in the treatment of metabolic diseases to combat free radicals.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s135</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Regiane Sablina Almeida Bernardes&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sandra Layse Ferreira Sarrazin&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Flaviana Alves dos Santos&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Moacyr Jesus Barreto de Melo R&amp;ecirc;go&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Maira Galdino da Rocha Pitta&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Marina Ferraz Cordeiro&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Patr&amp;iacute;cia Danielle Oliveira de Almeida&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Ricardo Bezerra de Oliveira&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Leoneide &amp;Eacute;rica Maduro Bouillet&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Jos&amp;eacute; Guilherme Soares Maia&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Rosa Helena Veras Mour&amp;atilde;o&lt;sup&gt;1,2,3*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Programa de P&amp;oacute;s-Gradua&amp;ccedil;&amp;atilde;o em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia da Amaz&amp;ocirc;nia Legal (Bionorte), Universidade Federal do Amazonas, 60077-000 Manaus, AM, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt; 2&lt;/sup&gt;Laborat&amp;oacute;rio de Bioprospec&amp;ccedil;&amp;atilde;o e Biologia Experimental, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Par&amp;aacute;, 68135-110 Santar&amp;eacute;m, PA, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Programa de P&amp;oacute;s-Gradua&amp;ccedil;&amp;atilde;o em Recursos Naturais da Amaz&amp;ocirc;nia, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Par&amp;aacute;, 68135-110 Santar&amp;eacute;m, PA, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt; 4&lt;/sup&gt;N&amp;uacute;cleo de Pesquisa para Inova&amp;ccedil;&amp;atilde;o Terap&amp;ecirc;utica Suely Galdino, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50670- 901 Recife, PE, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Universidade Federal do Vale do S&amp;atilde;o Francisco, Colegiado de Medicina, Campus Paulo Afonso, 48607-190, BA, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Laborat&amp;oacute;rio de Atividade Biol&amp;oacute;gica, 60077-000 Manaus, AM, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rekha Durgadas Kini</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nayanatara Arun Kumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anupama Noojibail</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bhagyalakhshmi K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sneha Shetty Bhoja</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pratik Kumar Chatterjee</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant Role of Beta Carotene: Protection against Cadmium Induced Testicular Toxicity</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lipid peroxidation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oxidative stress</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Superoxide demutase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Testis</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s66-s70</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Cadmium (Cd) is an industrial pollutant that affects the male reproductive system. The purpose of present study was to investigate the protective role of Beta carotene on cadmium induced testicular damage. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study was conducted following approval from Institutional Bioethical Committee and strict internationally accepted guidelines, for the usage of animals in experimental study were. Rats were divided into four groups with 8 rats in each.The Gr. I rats were administered with the single dose of normal saline intraperitoneally. Group II received Beta carotene (10 mg/kg bw) orally for 30 days. Group III received a single dose of 1 mg/kg bw cadmium chloride and Group IV received Beta carotene for 30 days prior to cadmium administration. After the desired protocol, rats were sacrificed and both the testes were removed for biochemical and histopathological evaluation. One testis was fixed in Bouvins fluid and processed or histopathological studies. The levels of lipid peroxides (LPO) and glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were detected in the tissue homogenates of other testis. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; In the present study, the level of lipid peroxidation (LPO) was significantly high and GSH and SOD (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.001) were low in cadmium treated rats compared to normal control. Pre-treatment with beta carotene showed a protective effect by decreasing LPO and increasing GS Hand SOD level (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.001). The morphological changes like atrophy of tubules, edema and decreased spermatogenesis in the testis of rats exposed to cadmium chloride. But, antioxidant showed the normal architecture of the testis. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Results of the present study showed the antioxidative role of beta carotene in protecting the testis from cadmium induced toxicity.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s66</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rekha Durgadas Kini&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;, Nayanatara Arun Kumar, Anupama Noojibail, Bhagyalakhshmi K, Sneha Shetty Bhoja, Pratik Kumar Chatterjee &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Physiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Mangalore, INDIA&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sweta Bawari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Archana Negi Sah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Devesh Tewari</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiurolithiatic Activity of Daucus carota: An In vitro Study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aggregation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FT-IR</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nucleation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Urolithiasis</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">880-884</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Context:&lt;/strong&gt; Urolithiasis is a polygenic disorder with complex etiology and even complicated treatment outcomes. Daucus carota is a widely cultivated crop with traditional claims for its antiurolithiatic potential. &lt;strong&gt;Aim:&lt;/strong&gt; Present study was an attempt to investigate the antilithic potential of D. carota root extract (DCRE) against calcium oxalate (CaOx) urolithiasis by employing &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; methods.&lt;strong&gt; Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Nucleation, growth and aggregation assay of CaOx crystallization were used. FT-IR analysis was used for characterizing CaOx crystals. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; DCRE exhibited significant inhibition of nucleation, growth and aggregation of CaOx crystals. It produced a favorable morphological transformation of CaOx crystals from calcium oxalate monohydrate to calcium oxalate dihydrate. FT-IR analysis confirmed formation of calcium oxalate monohydrate crystals to be utilized for growth and aggregation assays. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; DCRE possesses significant antiurolithiatic activity against CaOx urolithiasis&lt;em&gt; in vitro&lt;/em&gt; which could be attributed to its saponins, tannins, flavonoids and polyphenolic content.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">880</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sweta Bawari, Archana Negi Sah&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;, Devesh Tewari&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Technology, Bhimtal Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital &amp;ndash; 263136, Uttarakhand, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdulrahman Alsayari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohammed Ghazwani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dalia Almaghaslah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yahya Alhamhoom</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maha Saad</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rawan Ahmed</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wafa Saeed</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wijden Ali</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sadia Batool</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bombax ceiba: A Potential Anti-Anxiety Drug</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-anxiety</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bombax ceiba leaves</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diazepam</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elevated Plus Maze</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ethanol</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/656</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">712-714</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Bombax ceiba &lt;/em&gt;is a famous plant used extensively in traditional medicine for various diseases. However, data pertaining to its effects at CNS level is limited. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To analyze the anti-anxiety potential of ethanolic extracts of &lt;em&gt;Bombax ceiba&lt;/em&gt; leaves on rats using the elevated plus maze protocol. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Five groups containing six rats each were treated with respective drugs.Control rats were treated with 0.5ml of 10% ethanol i.p. (negative control). Single treatments of diazepam (2mg/kg i.p) were used as a positive control and varied levels of ethanolic extracts of &lt;em&gt;Bombax ceiba&lt;/em&gt; leaves (150 mg/kg, 250 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg, i.p.) were applied to other groups. The index of anxiety was measured by observing the entry and time duration in the open arm of the EPM. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Extract at 400 mg/kg significantly increased the time duration and number of entries into the open arm which was statistically significant (p value &amp;lt;0.05) when compared to the control group (ethanol). Diazepam showed the most significant results when compared to other groups (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.0005). Extracts at 150 mg/kg and 250 mg/kg demonstrated negligible results that were statistically insignificant. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The results indicate the anti-anxiety potential of &lt;em&gt;Bombax ceiba&lt;/em&gt; leaves at higher concentration. Further studies are required to analyze the implicated phytochemicals and the mechanism at cellular level.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">712</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Abdulrahman Alsayari, Mohammed Ghazwani, Dalia Almaghaslah, Yahya Alhamhoom, Maha Saad, Rawan Ahmed, Wafa Saeed, Wijden Ali, Sadia Batool&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, KINGDOM OF SAUDIA ARABIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mallikarjuna Rao Talluri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Veda Priya Gummadi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ganga Rao Battu</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemical Composition and Hepatoprotective Activity of Saponaria officinalis on Paracetamol-induced Liver Toxicity in Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liver</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paracetamol</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">roots</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Saponaria officinalis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toxicity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1196-1201</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; The present day life style causing different illness including liver diseases and different health complications. So, there is a need to identify new chemical entities with more efficiency in the treatment of diseases and less side effects. There were many reports in recent times, about identifying new drugs from different medicinal plants and also precursors for synthesis new bioactive molecules for treating various diseases. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study was carried out on root parts (rhizomes) of &lt;em&gt;S. officinalis&lt;/em&gt; for phytochemical analysis and hepatoprotective activity on paracetmol-induced liver toxicity. Materials and methods: The phytochemical analysis was carried out to know biological active compounds in different extracts of &lt;em&gt;S. officinalis&lt;/em&gt; using standard procedures and quantified the total alkaloid and phenolic contents. Hepatoprotective activity of the &lt;em&gt;S. officinalis&lt;/em&gt; extracts were carried out by using Paracetmol-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The phytochemical analysis of &lt;em&gt;S. officinalis&lt;/em&gt; roots&amp;rsquo; extracts showed presence of sterols, terpenoids, glycosides, carbohydrates, proteins, flavanoids, alkaloids, phenols, tannins and absence of saponins and oils. The methanolic extract showed more phenolic and alkaloid contents on their quantification. The &lt;em&gt;S. officinalis&lt;/em&gt; roots extracts are found to be safe at 2000 mg/kg b. w. in acute toxicity study and showed dose dependent percentage protection on liver toxicity. Methanol extract showed more activity at 500mg/kg b. w. and is comparable with standard drug Liv 52 on altered liver biomarker enzymes AST (SGOT), ALT (SGPT), ALP, total bilirubin and total protein with percentage protection 66.67%,60.63%,65.93%,64.24% and 60.98%. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study results indicates that phytochemical constituent&amp;rsquo;s diversity in S. officinalis and those extracts possess hepatoprotective activity. Further studies are needed and should involve the isolation of pure, biologically active compounds.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1196</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mallikarjuna Rao Talluri&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Veda Priya Gummadi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;,*, Ganga Rao Battu&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;AnaCipher Clinical Research Organization, Ramanthapur, Hyderabad, Telangana-500013, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;AU College of Pharmaceutical Science, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh-530003, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mallikarjuna Rao Talluri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Veda Priya Gummadi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ganga Rao Battu</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemical Composition and Hepatoprotective Activity of Saponaria officinalis on Paracetamol-Induced Liver Toxicity in Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liver</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paracetamol</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">roots</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Saponaria officinalis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toxicity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s129-s134</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; The present day life style causing different illness including liver diseases and different health complications. So, there is a need to identify new chemical entities with more efficiency in the treatment of diseases and less side effects. There were many reports in recent times, about identifying new drugs from different medicinal plants and also precursors for synthesis new bioactive molecules for treating various diseases. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study was carried out on root parts (rhizomes) of &lt;em&gt;S. officinalis&lt;/em&gt; for phytochemical analysis and hepatoprotective activity on Paracetamol-induced liver toxicity. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The phytochemical analysis was carried out to know biological active compounds in different extracts of &lt;em&gt;S. officinalis&lt;/em&gt; using standard procedures and quantified the total alkaloid and phenolic contents. Hepatoprotective activity of the &lt;em&gt;S. officinalis&lt;/em&gt; extracts were carried out by using Paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The phytochemical analysis of &lt;em&gt;S. officinalis&lt;/em&gt; roots&amp;rsquo; extracts showed presence of sterols, terpenoids, glycosides, carbohydrates, proteins, flavanoids, alkaloids, phenols, tannins and absence of saponins and oils. The methanolic extract showed more phenolic and alkaloid contents on their quantification. The &lt;em&gt;S. officinalis&lt;/em&gt; roots extracts are found to be safe at 2000 mg/kg b. w. in acute toxicity study and showed dose dependent percentage protection on liver toxicity. Methanol extract showed more activity at 500mg/kg b. w. and is comparable with standard drug Liv 52 on altered liver biomarker enzymes AST (SGOT), ALT (SGPT), ALP, total bilirubin and total protein with percentage protection 56.17%, 54.53%, 61.55% 57.29% and 53.66%.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study results indicates that phytochemical constituent&amp;rsquo;s diversity in &lt;em&gt;S. officinalis&lt;/em&gt; and those extracts possess hepatoprotective activity. Further studies are needed and should involve the isolation of pure, biologically active compounds&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s129</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mallikarjuna&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;strong&gt; Rao Talluri&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Veda Priya Gummadi&lt;sup&gt;2,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Ganga Rao Battu&lt;sup&gt;2 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Anacipher Clinical Research Organization, Ramanthapur, Hyderabad, Telangana-500013, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;AU College of Pharmaceutical Science, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh-530003, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rima Boukhary</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maha Aboul-Ela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Othman Al-Hanbali</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdalla El-Lakany</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemical Constituents from Salvia fruticosa libanotica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-oxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antidiabetic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dehydroabietic acid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rutin; Carnosol</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salvia fruticosa libanotica</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/364</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">45-48</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; Plants of genus Salvia are used in traditional folk medicine for their antidiabetic, anti-oxidant effects and for gastric disorders. The oil has an antiseptic property and it is used as a fragrance in soaps and perfumes. An infusion of the leaves is widely used as a mouthwash or gargle and for the treatment of inflammation of the mouth and throat. It is used as carminative, antiinflammatory, astringent, cytotoxic and antispasmodic. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Air-dried powdered aerial parts and roots of &lt;em&gt;Salvia fruticosa libanotica&lt;/em&gt; were extracted separately with ethanol and acetone then their residues were separately extracted with different solvents on silica gel columns. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; From &lt;em&gt;Salvia fruticosa libanotica&lt;/em&gt;, eight phenolic compounds were isolated from methylene chloride, ethyl acetate and butanol extracts of the chosen plant. The chemical structures of the isolated compounds were determined by NMR, MS, IR and UV spectroscopic methods. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Among these compounds three Flavonoids named apigenin, luteolin and rutin were identified in addition to three phenolic acids which are ferulic acid, gallic acid and rosemarinic acid from aerial parts. Moreover, carnosol and dehydro-abietic acid were also isolated from &lt;em&gt;Salvia fruticosa&amp;nbsp;libanotica &lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;root extract. All the isolated compounds were obtained for the first time from &lt;em&gt;Salvia fruticosa libanotica &lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">45</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rima Boukhary&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;*, Maha Aboul-Ela&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Othman Al-Hanbali&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; and Abdalla El-Lakany&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beirut Arab University, 115020, Beirut, LEBANON.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University, 11733, Amman, JORDAN.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alkasim Kabiru Yunusa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zalilawati Mat Rashid</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nashriyah Mat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Che Abdullah Abu Bakar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdul Manaf Ali</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemicals and Bioactivity Discrimination of Syconia of Seven Varieties of Ficus deltoidea Jack via ATR-IR Spectroscopic-Based Metabolomics</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacog Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alpha-glucosidase Inhibition</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fourier Transform Infra-red Spectroscopy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Orthogonal Partial Least Square Discriminant Analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Principal Component Analysis</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s147-s151</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt; Ficus deltoidea&lt;/em&gt; is one of the common Malaysian medicinal plants and currently commercialized as raw ingredients in some local food products. However, those products do not discriminate the varieties of &lt;em&gt;Ficus deltoidea&lt;/em&gt; used. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; FTIR-based metabolomics coupled with chemometric technique was applied to discriminate chemical components in ethanolic extracts of syconia of seven varieties of &lt;em&gt;Ficus deltoidea&lt;/em&gt; namely; var. &lt;em&gt;deltoidea&lt;/em&gt;, var. &lt;em&gt;trengganuensis&lt;/em&gt;, var. &lt;em&gt;kunstleri&lt;/em&gt;, var. &lt;em&gt;angustifolia&lt;/em&gt;, var. &lt;em&gt;bilobata&lt;/em&gt;, var. &lt;em&gt;intermedia&lt;/em&gt; and var. &lt;em&gt;motleyana&lt;/em&gt;. Unsupervised multivariate data analysis (MVDA) including principal component analysis (PCA) was used as to evaluate chemical variability among the seven varieties. For discrimination, orthogonal partial least square discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) was applied, while partial least square (PLS) was used to evaluate the relationship between the alpha-glucosidase inhibition, antioxidant activity and&lt;em&gt; Ficus deltoidea&lt;/em&gt; varieties. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; As a result, OPLS-DA successfully discriminated the seven varieties. The FTIR fingerprints which were responsible for the discrimination includes 1729, 1705, 1448, 1095, 453, 443 cm-1. In addition, PPLS model demonstrated the correlation between var. &lt;em&gt;kunstleri&lt;/em&gt;, var. &lt;em&gt;deltoidea&lt;/em&gt; and var. intermedia respective chemicals fingerprints and their bioactivity (DPPH, FRAP and &amp;alpha;-glucosidase inhibition). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The findings revealed that FTIR spectroscopy, in combination with MVDA, can be used for structural functional discrimination in relation to the sample bioactivity.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s147</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Alkasim Kabiru Yunusa&lt;sup&gt;1,4&lt;/sup&gt;, Zalilawati Mat Rashid&lt;sup&gt;*1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Nashriyah Mat&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Che Abdullah Abu Bakar&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Abdul Manaf Ali&lt;sup&gt;1,2,3 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Bioresources and Food Industry, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Besut Campus, 22200 Besut, Terengganu, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Institute of Agricultural Production and Food Innovation (AGROPOLIS), Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Besut Campus, 22200 Besut, Terengganu, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Natural Medicine Research Centre, Universiti Islam Malaysia, 63000 Cyberjaya, Selangor, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Food Science and Technology, Kano University of Science and Technology Wudil, Kano State NIGERIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ramdan Btissam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">El Malki Fatima</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eddarraji Kamal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Greche Hassane</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NHIRI Mohamed</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Composition and Antibacterial Activity of Hydro-Alcohol and Aqueous Extracts Obtained from the Lamiaceae Family</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aqueous Extract.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoic Content</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hydro-Alcohol Extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lamiaceae Family</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phenolic compounds</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/402</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">81-91</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Context:&lt;/strong&gt; Plant from the &lt;em&gt;Lamiaceae&lt;/em&gt; family are considered as dietary spices and medicinal herbs traditionally used in medicine for the treatment of several pathologies. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; Evaluation of the &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; antibacterial activity of ethanol and aqueous extracts of nine Moroccan plants from the Lamiaceae family against six bacterial strains regularly implicated in toxiinfection. &lt;strong&gt;Method:&lt;/strong&gt; The antibacterial activities of hot (HAE), cold (CAE) aqueous extracts and ethanolic extracts (EE) were evaluated using agar-well diffusion method, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; against six foodborne bacteria (&lt;em&gt;Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Salmonella enterica&lt;/em&gt;). Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were assessed as well. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; In the present study, the ethanol extracts were rich in polyphenols, with middling values of flavonoids, and relatively poor in condensed tannins. The presence of saponins, essential oils, irroides, alkaloids, anthocyanins, and aldehydes was recorded. The effect of the extracts was directly bactericidal for &lt;em&gt;B. cereus&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;L. monocytogenes&lt;/em&gt;; for the other strains, the MBC value was twice higher than that of MIC. However, the ethanol extract (EE) of &lt;em&gt;O. majorana&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;T. satureioides &lt;/em&gt;showed the highest antibacterial activity. With the principal component analysis, it was demonstrated that the nine &lt;em&gt;Lamiaceae&lt;/em&gt; family plants possess a powerful antibacterial effect, correlated with their phenolic content. &lt;strong&gt;Statistical analysis:&lt;/strong&gt; Analysis of variance was performed by uni-varied ANOVA in the software SPSS 22 Fr. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The active compounds were thermostable and soluble in ethanol and water. The antimicrobial activities of the plants extracts investigated may contribute to understand their involvement in traditional medicine against many microbial infections.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">81</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ramdan Btissam&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, El Malki Fatima&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Eddarraji Kamal&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Greche Hassane&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; and Nhiri Mohamed&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt; 1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Science and Technology, University Abdelmalek Essaadi, BP 416, Tangier 90000, MOROCCO.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Hygiene and Food Safety, Pasteur Institute of Morocco, Tangier 90000, MOROCCO.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;National Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, University of Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, BP 8857, 30100 Atlas, Fes, MOROCCO.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohd Adzim Khalili Rohin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mimie Noratiqah Jumli</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Norhaslinda Ridzwan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Atif Amin Baig</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ahmad Zubaidi Abdul Latif</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Norhayati Abd Hadi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effect of Gynura procumbens Extracts on Anti-Proliferative Activity and its Associated Morphological Changes of Human Glioblastoma multiforme Cell Line (U-87)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiproliferative</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ethanol</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gynura procumbens</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Methanol</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">U87 cell line</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/514</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">492-496</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Gynura procumbens&lt;/em&gt; (Lour.) Merr is a well-known traditional herb and is widely used for traditional medicine by human. Previous clinical studies have shown the benefit effect of this leaves with inflammation, high blood pressure and others. This study aims to investigate the effect of methanol, ethanol, and ethyl acetate extracts of &lt;em&gt;Gynura procumbens&lt;/em&gt; on U-87 cell line, human &lt;em&gt;Glioblastoma multiforme&lt;/em&gt; cell line. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; In the present study, effect of methanol, ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts on U-87 cell line was determined by MTT-based anti-proliferative assay and any significant changes to the cells towards apoptotic changes was observed under a light microscope. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The ethanol and methanol extracts of &lt;em&gt;Gynura procumbens&lt;/em&gt; was found to have high anti-proliferative effect on U-87 cell line with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; less than 20&amp;mu;g/ml. By comparing IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value, ethanol and methanol extracts of &lt;em&gt;Gynura procumbens&lt;/em&gt; had high potential for anti-proliferative effect on U- 87 cell line. Therefore, ethanol and methanol extracts can be a potential anti-proliferative effect on U-87 cell line. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study of exploring the effect of &lt;em&gt;Gynura procumbens&lt;/em&gt; extracts using three different polarity (methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate) effect on U-87 cell line, Human &lt;em&gt;Glioblastoma multiforme&lt;/em&gt; cells.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">492</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mohd Adzim Khalili Rohin&lt;sup&gt;1,3,4&lt;/sup&gt;, Mimie Noratiqah Jumli&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Norhaslinda Ridzwan&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Atif Amin Baig&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Ahmad Zubaidi Abdul Latif&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Norhayati Abd Hadi&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;School of Nutrition and Dietetic, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Gong Badak Campus, 21300 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Medical Campus, 20400 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Centre for Continuing Education (CCE), Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Gong Badak Campus, 21300 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Institute for Community (Health) Development, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Gong Badak Campus, 21300 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohd Adzim Khalili Rohin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mimie Noratiqah Jumli</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Norhaslinda Ridzwan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Atif Amin Baig</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ahmad Zubaidi Abdul Latif</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Norhayati Abd Hadi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effect of Gynura procumbens Extracts on Anti-Proliferative Activity and its Associated Morphological Changes of Human Glioblastoma multiforme Cell Line (U-87)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiproliferative.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ethanol</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gynura procumbens</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Methanol</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">U87 cell line</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">x</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">XX-XX</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Gynura procumbens&lt;/em&gt; (Lour.) Merr is a well-known traditional herb and is widely used for traditional medicine by human. Previous clinical studies have shown the benefit effect of this leaves with inflammation, high blood pressure and others. This study aims to investigate the effect of methanol, ethanol, and ethyl acetate extracts of &lt;em&gt;Gynura procumbens&lt;/em&gt; on U-87 cell line, human &lt;em&gt;glioblastoma multiforme&lt;/em&gt; cell line. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; In the present study, effect of methanol, ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts on U-87 cell line was determined by MTT-based anti-proliferative assay and any significant changes to the cells towards apoptotic changes was observed under a light microscope. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The ethanol and methanol extracts of &lt;em&gt;Gynura procumbens&lt;/em&gt; was found to have high anti-proliferative effect on U-87 cell line with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; less than 20&amp;mu;g/ml. By comparing IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value, ethanol and methanol extracts of &lt;em&gt;Gynura procumbens&lt;/em&gt; had high potential for anti-proliferative effect on U- 87 cell line. Therefore, ethanol and methanol extracts can be a potential anti-proliferative effect on U-87 cell line. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study of exploring the effect of &lt;em&gt;Gynura procumbens&lt;/em&gt; extracts using three different polarity (methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate) effect on U-87 cell line, Human &lt;em&gt;glioblastoma multiforme&lt;/em&gt; cells.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Gynura procumbens&lt;/em&gt;, Ethanol, Methanol, U87 cell line, Antiproliferative.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">x</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">XX</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mohd Adzim Khalili Rohin&lt;sup&gt;1,3,4&lt;/sup&gt;, Mimie Noratiqah Jumli&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Norhaslinda Ridzwan&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Atif Amin Baig&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Ahmad Zubaidi Abdul Latif&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Norhayati Abd Hadi&lt;sup&gt;1* &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;School of Nutrition and Dietetic, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Gong Badak Campus, 21300 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Medical Campus, 20400 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Centre for Continuing Education (CCE), Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Gong Badak Campus, 21300 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Institute for Community (Health) Development, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Gong Badak Campus, 21300 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anton Bahtiar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Riza Annisa</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effects of Dayak Onion Bulbs (Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) Urb) on Bone Development of the Hipoestrogen Model Rat.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacog Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bone calcium level</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bone length</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bone weight</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dayak onion bulbs</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hypoestrogen</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Menopause</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January-2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/482</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">299-303</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Eleutherinol is a naphtoquinone derivative that has strong affinity to bind with estrogen alpha receptors (ER&amp;alpha;). This compound can be found in Dayak Onion Bulbs (&lt;em&gt;Eleutherine bulbosa&lt;/em&gt; Mill.). &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of Dayak Onion Bulbs extract on the growth of the bone of hypoestrogen model rat. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; A total of 36 female white rats of &lt;em&gt;Sprague-Dawley&lt;/em&gt; were divided into 6 groups. All 6 groups receive CMC Na 0,5% (&lt;em&gt;sham group&lt;/em&gt;), CMC Na 0,5% (negative group), tamoxifen (positive group), three level of dayak onion bulbs extract doses namely dose 8 mg/ 200 g, 12 mg/ 200 g , and 18 mg/ 200 g. All groups, except the sham, is ovariectomized to obtain the conditions of hypoestrogen. After ovariectomy, all rats were evaluated for the success of ovariectomy on day 35, followed by the administration of the extracts by oral administration for 21 days. After 21 days administration, the level of bone calcium, bone weight, and bone length were measured by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Dayak onion bulbs extract at dose 3 (18 mg/200 g BW) could increase significantly bone calcium level, bone weight, and bone legnth of hypoestrogen rat. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The results showed that Dayak onion bulbs extract could be developed to be a drug for menopause woman in the future.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">299</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Anton Bahtiar&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;, Riza Annisa &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok,16424 West Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohamed Senouci Bereksi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hafida Hassaïne</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chahrazed Bekhechi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Djamel Eddine Abdelouahid</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity of Some Medicinal Plants Extracts Commonly Used in Algerian Traditional Medicine against Some Pathogenic Bacteria</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bacterial resistance.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hydromethanolic extracts</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inhibition zones</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medicinal plants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MICs</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">x</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">XX-XX</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; The objective of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of hydromethanolic extracts of &lt;em&gt;Berberis vulgaris, Cassia angustifolia, Cinnamomum cassia, Cistus monspeliensis, Nigella sativa, Punica granatum, Rhus tripartata, Withania frutescens and Zingiber officinale&lt;/em&gt; against different Gram-positive and Gram-negative reference bacterial strains. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The evaluation of antibacterial activity for different extracts of each plant was carried out using the disc diffusion method and determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The plant extracts showed zone of inhibition ranging from 06.0 to 23.0 mm against one or more tested bacteria, and their efficacy in terms of MICs where ranged from 0.1 to 12.8 mg/mL. The Refluxed and Macerated extracts of these plants have shown relatively similar results in terms of diameters of inhibition and MICs. The extracts of &lt;em&gt;B. vulgaris, C. monspeliensis and P. granatum&lt;/em&gt; demonstrated relatively high activity as compared to the other plant extracts mainly against &lt;em&gt;S. aureus, E. faecalis and E. cloacae&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Findings of this study indicate that hydromethanolic extracts of these plants have antibacterial activity against the different tested bacterial strains. This activity supports their use in treatment of infections caused by such resistant bacteria.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;/strong&gt; Medicinal plants, Hydromethanolic extracts, Antibacterial activity, Inhibition zones, MICs, Bacterial resistance.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">x</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">XX</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mohamed Senouci Bereksi&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Hafida Hassa&amp;iuml;ne&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Chahrazed Bekhechi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Djamel Eddine Abdelouahid&lt;sup&gt;2 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Natural Products, Department of Biology, University of Tlemcen, 13000 Tlemcen, ALGERIA. &lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Applied Microbiology in Food, Biomedical and Environment, Department of Biology, University of Tlemcen, 13000 Tlemcen, ALGERIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohamed Senouci Bereksi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hafida Hassaïne</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chahrazed Bekhechi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Djamel Eddine Abdelouahid</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity of some Medicinal Plants Extracts Commonly Used in Algerian Traditional Medicine against some Pathogenic Bacteria</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bacterial resistance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hydromethanolic extracts</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inhibition zones</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medicinal plants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MICs</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/516</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">507-512</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; The objective of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of hydromethanolic extracts of &lt;em&gt;Berberis vulgaris&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Cassia angustifolia&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Cinnamomum cassia, Cistus monspeliensis, Nigella sativa, Punica granatum, Rhus tripartata, Withania frutescens and Zingiber officinale&lt;/em&gt; against different Gram-positive and Gram-negative reference bacterial strains. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The evaluation of antibacterial activity for different extracts of each plant was carried out using the disc diffusion method and determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The plant extracts showed zone of inhibition ranging from 06.0 to 23.0 mm against one or more tested bacteria, and their efficacy in terms of MICs where ranged from 0.1 to 12.8 mg/mL. The Refluxed and Macerated extracts of these plants have shown relatively similar results in terms of diameters of inhibition and MICs. The extracts of &lt;em&gt;B. vulgaris, C. monspeliensis and P. granatum&lt;/em&gt; demonstrated relatively high activity as compared to the other plant extracts mainly against &lt;em&gt;S. aureus, E. faecalis and E. cloacae&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Findings of this study indicate that hydromethanolic extracts of these plants have antibacterial activity against the different tested bacterial strains. This activity supports their use in treatment of infections caused by such resistant bacteria.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">507</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mohamed Senouci Bereksi&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Hafida Hassa&amp;iuml;ne&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Chahrazed Bekhechi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Djamel Eddine Abdelouahid&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Natural Products, Department of Biology, University of Tlemcen, 13000 Tlemcen, ALGERIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Applied Microbiology in Food, Biomedical and Environment, Department of Biology, University of Tlemcen, 13000 Tlemcen, ALGERIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lorina Ineta Badger-Emeka</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hany Ezzat Khalil</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Promise Madu Emeka</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evaluation of Different Fractions of Garcinia kola Extracts against Multidrug Resistant Clinical Bacterial and Fungal Isolates</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clinical isolates</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Garcinia kola</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Minimum inhibitory concentration</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Multidrug resistant bacteria</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sensitivity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1055-1060</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; The effectiveness of antibiotics used in the treatment of bacterial infections has been on the decline due to bacterial resistance. To improve clinical management of recalcitrant bacterial infections, alternative therapy such as medicinal plant products are now being evaluated. This study investigates the antimicrobial effects of &lt;em&gt;Garcinia kola&lt;/em&gt; fractions on clinical isolates of multidrug resistant gram negative bacteria and Candida. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Escherichia coli&amp;nbsp;&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Acinetobacter baumannii&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Serratia marcescens&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Candida species&lt;/em&gt; were used for the study. Microbial isolation and antimicrobial susceptibility test was carried out using basic microbiological procedures. Confirmation of all isolates was done using the VITEK 2 compact automated system (BioMerieux, Marcy I&amp;rsquo;Etoile France). The powdered dried seeds of&lt;em&gt; G. kola&lt;/em&gt; were extracted with 70% methanol for 7 days, using a cold maceration method. The crude extracts were evaporated to dryness, using different solvents to obtain the fractions according to standard fractionation techniques. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The aqueous, butanol, chloroform and hexane fractions at minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of 25mg/ml were active against &lt;em&gt;A. baumannii&lt;/em&gt;. Ethyl acetate fraction at MIC of 20 mg/ml also produced growth inhibition of same isolates. At the same MICs, the different fractions were observed to inhibit the growth of candida albicans (CF1) isolate. Overall, aqueous fraction of &lt;em&gt;G. kola&lt;/em&gt; produced more growth inhibition followed by butanol fractions, with chloroform fractions producing the least effects. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The antibacterial potencies of these extracts could be useful for the treatment of multi-drug-resistant&lt;em&gt; A. baumannii&lt;/em&gt;. The aqueous fraction showed better activities than the other fractions studied.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1055</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lorina Ineta Badger-Emeka&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;*, Hany Ezzat Khalil&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Promise Madu Emeka&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, King Faisal University. Al-Ahsa, KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sivakami Sundari Ponnusamy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shanaz Banu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Murugan Vedigounder</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dhanashree Narayanswamy</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GC MS/MS analysis of Bioactive Compounds in Alcoholic Seed Extract of Gauzuma ulmifolia Lam</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alcoholic extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">D-Asarinin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gauzuma ulmifolia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GC MS/MS analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vitamin E.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/419</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">194-197</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Gauzuma ulmifolia&lt;/em&gt; Lam. (GU) belonging to the family &lt;em&gt;Malvaceae&lt;/em&gt;, commonly called Bastard Cedar is native to tropical American countries. It was introduced into India more than 100 years ago. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; In the present study, alcoholic seed extract of &lt;em&gt;Gauzuma ulmifolia&lt;/em&gt; Lam. was subjected to GC MS/MS analysis and chemical compounds were characterized. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Totally sixteen compounds were characterized. Chemical analysis of the extract showed that it includes bioactive compounds like D-Asarinin (65.02 %), 2,6-Bis (3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-3,7-dioxabicyclo (3.3.0) octane (20.12 %), 1-Dodecanone, 2-(imidazol- 1-yl)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl) (7.54 %) and o-Anisic acid, tridec-2-ynyl ester (3.33 %) as major constituents. Minor components such as Vitamin E, &amp;gamma; &amp;ndash; Tocopherol, Ergost-5-en-3-ol, (3&amp;beta;), Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester is also present. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Based on the above results, the seeds of this plant could posse&amp;rsquo;s oxygen (92.27 %), hydrocarbon (0.19 %) and nitrogen (7.54 %) derivatives of volatile principle. This is the first-time report on the composition of seed of GU.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">194</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;P Sivakami Sundari*, Shanaz Banu, V Murugan, N Dhanashree &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Dayananda Sagar College of Pharmacy, Bangalore, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Taiwo Olayemi Elufioye</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tomayo Ireti Berida</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GC-MS Analysis and Antioxidant Activity of Spondias purpurea L (Anacardiaceae)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DPPH</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GC-MS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spondias purpurea</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Total flavonoids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Total Phenols</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">941-945</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; There are ongoing efforts to identify the chemical composition of plants used as food or medicines in other to correlate their components with the numerous claims of their medicinal usefulness in folklore. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; This work is aimed at profiling the phytochemical composition of &lt;em&gt;Spondias purpurea&lt;/em&gt; using GC-MS, as well as to determine the total phenolic content, total flavonoid content and the antioxidant capacity by DPPH radical scavenging assay.&lt;strong&gt; Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Whole fruit and stem bark of &lt;em&gt;Spondias purpurea&lt;/em&gt; were collected, dried, extracted with methanol and concentrated in vacou before assessing them for their total phenolic content by Folin-Ciocalteu&amp;rsquo;s phenol reagent method; total flavonoid content and 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activities. The whole fruit and stem bark extracts were partitioned into n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and aqueous fractions. The n-hexane fraction of the stem bark and whole fruit were analyzed on GC-MS. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The stem bark had the highest phenolic content of 29.81&amp;plusmn; 1.18 GAE mg/g. Similarly, free radical scavenging activities assay showed the stem bark to be most active with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of 6.20 &amp;plusmn; 1.51&amp;mu;g/ml, better than the standard, ascorbic acid with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of 11.51 &amp;plusmn; 0.3&amp;mu;g/ml. The n-hexane partitioned fractions of the fruit and stem bark on GC-MS analysis showed 9 prominent compounds including 9,17-Octadecadienal (5.43%), 3-((4Z,7Z)-Heptadeca-4,7-dien-1-yl) phenol(12%), (Z)-3-(Heptadec-10-en-1-yl) phenol (11.76%), n-Hexadecanoic acid (7.07%) and 13 compounds including 9,17-Octadecadienal (20.51%),trans-13-Octadecenoic acid (12.61%), Pentadecanoic acid (8.3%), n-Hexadecanoic acid(15.24%). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; This study provides justification for some of the folkloric use of &lt;em&gt;Spondias purpurea.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">941</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Taiwo Olayemi Elufioye*, Tomayo Ireti Berida&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, NIGERIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ashwani Kumar Bhardwaj</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Avilekh Naryal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pushpender Bhardwaj</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ashish Rambhau Warghat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Balpreet Arora</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shikha Dhiman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shweta Saxena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pratap Kumar Pati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Om Prakash Chaurasia</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">High Efficiency in vitro Plant Regeneration and Secondary Metabolite Quantification from Leaf Explants of Rhodiola imbricata</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acclimatization</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cinnamyl alcohol.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Endangered</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant growth regulator</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Regeneration system</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">x</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">x</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Rhodiola imbricata&lt;/em&gt; is an endangered medicinal plant of the trans-Himalayan Leh-Ladakh region belonging to the family Crassulaceae. An efficient propagation and regeneration system via direct shoot organogenesis from leaf explant and evaluation of cinnamyl alcohol (Secondary metabolite) was established in this study. &lt;strong&gt;Material and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;In vitro&lt;/em&gt; grown leaves were inoculated using Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with (alpha)- naphtalene acetic acid (NAA) in combination with 6- benzyladenine (BAP) for callus proliferation and regeneration. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The highest percentage of rhizogenous callus was induced in medium containing NAA (10.0-15.0 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;M). The highest percentage of shoot formation from leaf derived callus was obtained in the medium containing of NAA (5.0 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;M) and BAP (2.5 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;M) as well as in NAA (1.0 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;M), BAP (5.0 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;M) (38.88% and 37.49%) respectively. Rooting of regenerated shoots were effective when a lower concentration of NAA (0.5 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;M) was used alone. A maximum number of roots (22.0) and higher length (0.6 cm) was observed. The &lt;em&gt;in-vitro&lt;/em&gt; plantlets with well-developed shoots and roots were acclimatized successfully to natural field conditions with a survival rate of over 80%. Cinnamyl alcohol (Secondary metabolite) evaluation was also done for the very first time and an upregulation of 49.6% and 30.6% were observed in &lt;em&gt;in-vitro&lt;/em&gt; roots and shoots when compared with mother root and shoot respectively. Hence, it was proved that the content of secondary metabolites obtained from &lt;em&gt;in-vitro&lt;/em&gt; raised plants is higher than mother plant. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; These results may lay a foundation for genetic improvement and can be used to determine sequential level of targeted secondary metabolites through cell culture in &lt;em&gt;Rhodiola imbricata&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;/strong&gt; Regeneration system, Acclimatization, Endangered, Plant growth regulator, Cinnamyl alcohol.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">x</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">XX</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ashwani Kumar Bhardwaj&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Avilekh Naryal&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Pushpender Bhardwaj&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ashish Rambhau Warghat&lt;sup&gt;1,3&lt;/sup&gt;, Balpreet Arora&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Shikha Dhiman&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Shweta Saxena&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Pratap Kumar Pati&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Om Prakash Chaurasia&lt;sup&gt;1* &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biotechnology, Defence Institute of High Altitude Research, Defence Research and Development Organization, Leh-194101, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nank Dev University, Amritsar-143040, Punjab, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: line-through;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Palampur-176061, Himachal Pradesh, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ashwani Kumar Bhardwaj</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Avilekh Naryal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pushpender Bhardwaj</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ashish Rambhau Warghat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Balpreet Arora</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shikha Dhiman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shweta Saxena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pratap Kumar Pati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Om Prakash Chaurasia</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">High Efficiency in vitro Plant Regeneration and Secondary Metabolite Quantification from Leaf Explants of Rhodiola imbricata</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acclimatization</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cinnamyl alcohol</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Endangered</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant growth regulator</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Regeneration system</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/510</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">470-475</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Rhodiola imbricata&lt;/em&gt; is an endangered medicinal plant of the trans-Himalayan Leh-Ladakh region belonging to the family Crassulaceae. An efficient propagation and regeneration system via direct shoot organogenesis from leaf explant and evaluation of cinnamyl alcohol (Secondary metabolite) was established in this study. &lt;strong&gt;Material and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;In vitro&lt;/em&gt; grown leaves were inoculated using Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with (alpha)- naphtalene acetic acid (NAA) in combination with 6- benzyladenine (BAP) for callus proliferation and regeneration. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The highest percentage of rhizogenous callus was induced in medium containing NAA (10.0-15.0 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;M). The highest percentage of shoot formation from leaf derived callus was obtained in the medium containing of NAA (5.0 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;M) and BAP (2.5 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;M) as well as in NAA (1.0 &amp;mu;M), BAP (5.0 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;M) (38.88% and 37.49%) respectively. Rooting of regenerated shoots were effective when a lower concentration of NAA (0.5 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;M) was used alone. A maximum number of roots (22.0) and higher length (0.6 cm) was observed. The &lt;em&gt;in-vitro&lt;/em&gt; plantlets with well-developed shoots and roots were acclimatized successfully to natural field conditions with a survival rate of over 80%. Cinnamyl alcohol (Secondary metabolite) evaluation was also done for the very first time and an upregulation of 49.6% and 30.6% were observed in in-vitro roots and shoots when compared with mother root and shoot respectively. Hence, it was proved that the content of secondary metabolites obtained from &lt;em&gt;in-vitro&lt;/em&gt; raised plants is higher than mother plant. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; These results may lay a foundation for genetic improvement and can be used to determine sequential level of targeted secondary metabolites through cell culture in &lt;em&gt;Rhodiola imbricata&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">470</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ashwani Kumar Bhardwaj&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Avilekh Naryal&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Pushpender Bhardwaj&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ashish Rambhau Warghat&lt;sup&gt;1,3&lt;/sup&gt;, Balpreet Arora&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Shikha Dhiman&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Shweta Saxena&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Pratap Kumar Pati&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Om Prakash Chaurasia&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biotechnology, Defence Institute of High Altitude Research, Defence Research and Development Organization, Leh-194101, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nank Dev University, Amritsar-143040, Punjab, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Palampur-176061, Himachal Pradesh, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anamika Basu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anasua Sarkar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Piyali Basak</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Immunoinformatics Study of Procyanidins as Mast Cell Stabilizers</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Allergy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IgE</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IgE receptor FcεRI</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mast cell stabilizer</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular docking</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Procyanidins</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tryptophan residues</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/676</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">814-817</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Allergens are foreign proteins that stimulate the production of immunoglobulin E (IgE), when they come in contact with human body. These allergens after binding with IgE through Fc&amp;epsilon;RI receptor, triggers the signal transduction reaction in mast cell and basophil cells, leading to allergic reactions by releasing some mediators. Four correctly written as surface-exposed tryptpphans Trp 87, Trp 110, Trp 113 and Trp 156 of Fc&amp;epsilon;RI receptor protein,play significant role in IgE and Fc&amp;epsilon;RI receptor binding interaction. Polyphenols in apple are proven effective for allergic rhinitis treatment by preventing degranulation of granulocytes. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt;To prevent release of mediators like histamine etc., a therapeutic strategy can be designed by inhibiting IgE and Fc&amp;epsilon;RI receptor interactions.This strategy may provide a symptomatic treatment for allergic reactions due to exposure to pollen allergens. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Molecular docking studies are used to analyse the IgE with Fc&amp;epsilon;RI receptor binding in presence and absence of procyanidin molecules, present in apple. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; For procyanidin molecules, binding affinity of IgE molecule with its high affinity receptor (Fc&amp;epsilon;RI receptor)decreases markedly. Thepositions of Trp 87, Trp 110, Trp 113 and Trp 156 are changed for the presence of procyanidin C1 molecule. Since IgE and Fc&amp;epsilon;RI receptor binding is highly affected in presence of procyanidin C1, so this compound can inhibit mast cell degranulation by altering the binding affinity of IgE with its its high affinity receptor (Fc&amp;epsilon;RI receptor). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Procyanidin C1 can be used as natural anti-allergic drug by stabilizing mast cells during pollen allergic reaction after experimental verification.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">814</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Anamika Basu&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Anasua Sarkar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Piyali Basak&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Lecturer, Department of Biochemistry, Gurudas College, Kolkata, West Bengal, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Assistant Professor, Computer Science and Engineering Department, Jadavpur University,Kolkata, West Bengal, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Director,School of Bioscience and Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ramdan Btissam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">E I Malki Fatima</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NHIRI Mohamed</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In vitro Study of Antibacterial Activity of Hydro-Alcohol Morrocan Plants Extracts</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemical composition</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hydro-Alcohol Extract</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/518</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">519-526</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Context:&lt;/strong&gt; Several aromatic and medicinal Morrocan plants have been used traditionally in pharmaceutical products and traditional medicine for the treatment of several pathologies. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; Evaluation of the protective power of nine Moroccan plants ethanol extracts against some strains of bacteria. &lt;strong&gt;Method:&lt;/strong&gt; The antibacterial activities of ethanolic extracts (EE) were evaluated using agar-well diffusion method, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; against nine foodborne bacteria [&lt;em&gt;Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus (PN15 and 25923&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;em&gt;Escherichia coli (TF2 and ATCC 25929), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P116 and 195) and Salmonella enterica].&lt;/em&gt; Screening of chemical constituents was carried out as well. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; We noted the presence of leuco-anthocyanins, anthocyanins, essential oils, alkaloids, and aldehydes in the extracts. The strains of &lt;em&gt;S. enterica&lt;/em&gt; followed by &lt;em&gt;S. aureus&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;P. aeruginosa&lt;/em&gt; were the most resistants to the extracts effect. The principal component analysis (APC) demonstrated that the highest antibacterial activity was that of &lt;em&gt;L. nobilis and O. europaea &lt;/em&gt;ethanol extract (EE), which was directly bactericidal on all the strains tested with the exception of &lt;em&gt;P. aeruginosa&lt;/em&gt;. While, &lt;em&gt;R. tinctorum, S. indicum and L. sativum&lt;/em&gt; were characterized by the lowest activity. &lt;strong&gt;Statistical analysis:&lt;/strong&gt; Analysis of variance was performed by uni-varied ANOVA in the software SPSS 22 Fr. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The active compounds were soluble in ethanol. The antimicrobial activities of &lt;em&gt;L. nobilis and O. europaea&lt;/em&gt; may contribute to understand their involvement in pharmaceutical products and traditional medicine against many microbial infections.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">519</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ramdan Btissam&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, E I Malki Fatima&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Nhiri Mohamed&lt;sup&gt;1* &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Science and Technology, University Abdelmalek Essaadi, BP 416, Tangier 90000, MOROCCO.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques of Tetouan, Annex- Tangier, Marchan 90000 Tangier, MOROCCO.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wanwisa Khunawattanakul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Passakorn Boonma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ronnarit Kampetch</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Achida Jaruchotikamol</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Benjamart Cushnie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sakulrat Rattanakiat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pawitra Pulbutr</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inhibitory Actions of Lagerstroemia speciosa (L.) Pers. Aqueous and Ethanolic Leaf Extracts against Carbohydrate-digesting Enzymes</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diabetes mellitus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lagerstroemia speciosa (L.) Pers.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">α-amylase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">α-glucosidase</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s113-s118</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Context:&lt;/strong&gt; The leaves of &lt;em&gt;Lagerstroemia speciosa&lt;/em&gt; (L.) Pers. (banaba) have been consumed traditionally in several Southeast Asian countries for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. The plasma glucose lowering actions of this medicinal plant were proposed to be linked with several mechanisms of action. However, its inhibitory actions against &amp;alpha;-amylase and &amp;alpha;-glucosidase, which play a major role in the regulation of postprandial plasma glucose, have not been clearly established. &lt;strong&gt;Aims:&lt;/strong&gt; This study thus aimed to investigate the effects of &lt;em&gt;Lagerstroemia speciosa&lt;/em&gt; (L.) Pers. aqueous and ethanolic leaf extracts (LSA and LSE extracts, respectively) on in vitro carbohydrate-digesting enzyme activities and enzyme kinetics. Settings and Design: In vitro carbohydrate-digesting enzyme activity assay. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The activities of &amp;alpha;-amylase and &amp;alpha;-glucosidase were indicated by the amounts of maltose and p-nitrophenol generated in the reactions, respectively.&lt;strong&gt; Statistical analysis used:&lt;/strong&gt; The data were analysed by using one-way ANOVA, followed by Bonferroni post-hoc test. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The LSA extract significantly inhibited both &amp;alpha;-amylase and &amp;alpha;-glucosidase enzymes with the IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;s of 1.21&amp;plusmn;0.16 and 49.71&amp;plusmn;0.86 &amp;mu;g/mL, respectively. Meanwhile, the LSE extract selectively inhibited &amp;alpha;-amylase activity (IC&lt;sub&gt;50 &lt;/sub&gt;= 22.21&amp;plusmn;4.00 &amp;mu;g/mL) with no apparent inhibition against &amp;alpha;-glucosidase activity. Both LSA and LSE extracts inhibited &amp;alpha;-amylase enzyme in a mixed inhibition manner whilst the LSA extract also acted as a mixed inhibitor against &amp;alpha;-glucosidase enzyme. The extracts possessed higher binding affinities toward the enzymes, indicated by the lower Ki values, when compared to acarbose (positive control). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; These results suggest the potential use of the extracts for a control of postprandial plasma glucose.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s113</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Wanwisa Khunnawattanakul, Passakorn Boonma, Ronnarit Kampetch, Achida Jaruchotikamol, Benjamart Cushnie, Sakulrat Rattanakiat, Pawitra Pulbutr&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Natural Product Research Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, 44150, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baxter Blonk</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ian E.Cock</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Interactive Antimicrobial and Toxicity Profiles of Scaevola spinescens R.Br. Extracts with Conventional Antibiotics</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibiotic resistance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Australian plant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Conventional antimicrobials</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Interaction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maroon bush</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medicinal plants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Synergy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toxicity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1024-1035</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Scaevola spinescens&lt;/em&gt; was traditionally used by Australian Aborigines to treat a variety of conditions including bacterial and viral infections, inflammation and cancer. Conventional antibiotics are amongst the most commonly prescribed groups of drugs in allopathic medicine. Therefore, these therapies may be used concurrently by practitioners of complementary medicine and there is a need to evaluate their effects in combination.&lt;strong&gt; Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Plant extracts were prepared using solvents of varying polarity and subjected to qualitative phytochemical screening analysis. Antimicrobial activity was assessed using disc diffusion and liquid dilution minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assays against a panel of pathogenic triggers of some autoimmune diseases. Interactions between the S. spinescens extracts and conventional antibiotics were studied and classified by determining the sum of the fractional inhibitory concentration (&amp;Sigma;FIC). Synergistic interactions were further examined across a range of ratios using isobolograms analysis. The toxicity of the individual samples and of the combinations was assessed using the Artemia lethality assay (ALA) and an MTS HDF cell viability assays. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Methanolic, aqueous and ethyl acetate extracts showed moderate to good inhibitory activity against several bacterial pathogens known to trigger autoimmune inflammatory diseases in genetically susceptible individuals. However, combinations of the methanolic, aqueous, ethyl acetate and hexane extracts with conventional antibiotics proved significantly more effective in inhibiting the growth of Klebsiellia pneumoniae and &lt;em&gt;Streptococcus pyogenes&lt;/em&gt; (bacterial triggers of ankylosing spondylitis and rheumatic fever respectively). In total, 4 combinations proved to be synergistic, all of which contained tetracycline as the conventional antibiotic component. Furthermore, all conventional antibiotics and &lt;em&gt;S. spinescens&lt;/em&gt; leaf extracts were determined to be nontoxic when tested alone in the &lt;em&gt;Artemia&lt;/em&gt; nauplii and HDF bioassays. Combining the extracts and antibiotics did not significantly affect the toxicity of the combinations. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;S. spinescens&lt;/em&gt; extracts were effective inhibitors of the growth of several bacterial triggers of autoimmune inflammatory diseases when tested alone. Additionally, the methanolic, aqueous and ethyl acetate extracts potentiated the activity of tetracycline against bacterial otherwise resistant to its actions. Isolation of the synergising compounds in these extracts may be beneficial in drug design against several bacteria including the microbial triggers of ankylosing spondylitis and rheumatic fever.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1024</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Baxter Blonk&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Ian E.Cock&lt;sup&gt;1,2,*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Rd, Nathan, Queensland, 4111, AUSTRALIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Environmental Futures Research Institute, Nathan Campus, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Rd,Nathan, Queensland, 4111, AUSTRALIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nair Aiswarya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rao Rashmi R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shenoy Preethi J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vinod Chandran</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S Teerthanath</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pai Sunil B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">KB Rakesh</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nephroprotective Effect of Aqueous Extract of Pimpinella anisum in Gentamicin Induced Nephrotoxicity in Wistar Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aniseed</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Drug induced nephrotoxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gentamicin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nephroprotective</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pimpinella anisum</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/532</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">403-407</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Pimpinella anisum&lt;/em&gt; known for its various medicinal properties is also a natural antioxidant and a free radical scavenger with no documented evidence as a nephroprotective agent. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To evaluate the nephroprotective activity of aqueous extract of &lt;em&gt;Pimpinella anisum&lt;/em&gt; seeds in a rodent model of gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Wistar albino rats of either sex, weighing 150&amp;ndash;200 g was divided into 5 groups; normal saline, gentamicin 80mg/kg, intraperitoneally for 8 days, aqueous extract of &lt;em&gt;Pimpinella anisum&lt;/em&gt; seeds at 1, 2, and 4g/kg, per oral for 8 days, the test extract administered 3 days prior and concurrently with gentamicin for 5 days. Blood urea, serum creatinine, uric acid and blood urea nitrogen analyses and microscopic examination of kidney were performed. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Gentamicin treatment caused nephrotoxicity as evidenced by marked elevation in serum urea, serum uric acid, serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (107.5&amp;plusmn;16.92mg/dl, 0.8&amp;plusmn;0.09 mg/dl, 3.05&amp;plusmn;0.29 mg/dl, 47.8&amp;plusmn;9.07 mg/dl) respectively when compared to the saline treated groups. Co-administration of &lt;em&gt;Pimpinella anisum&lt;/em&gt; extract with gentamicin decreased the rise in these parameters in a dose dependent manner. Histopathological analysis revealed epithelial loss with intense granular degeneration in gentamicin treated rats, whereas aqueous extract of &lt;em&gt;Pimpinella anisum&lt;/em&gt; mitigated the severity of gentamicin-induced renal damage. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; To conclude, our data suggest that aqueous extract of &lt;em&gt;Pimpinella anisum&lt;/em&gt; exhibits renoprotective effect in gentamicin induced renal damage and further studies on its mechanism of action are warranted.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">403</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nair Aiswarya&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Rao Rashmi R&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Shenoy Preethi J&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Vinod Chandran&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, S Teerthanath&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Pai Sunil B&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, KB Rakesh&lt;sup&gt;1 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pathology, K S Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte University, Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Supattra Klangprapun</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Benjaporn Buranrat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wanida Caichompoo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Somsak Nualkaew</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognostical and Physicochemical Studies of Enhalus acoroides (L.F.) Royle (Rhizome)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Enhalus acoroides</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Macroscopic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Microscopic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognostic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Specification</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">standardization</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s89-s94</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; The rhizome of&lt;em&gt; Enhalus acoroides&lt;/em&gt; (L.f.) Royle is used in traditional medicine for treatment of many diseases e.g. muscle pains, wounds and stomach problems where pharmacognostical studies are lacking. Many chemical constituents; luteolin, apigenin, luteolin glycosides, stigmasterol, daucosterol have been reported. The aim of this work was to perform a pharmacognostical evaluation. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Macroscopical, microscopical and physicochemical parameters were assessed.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;E. acoroides&lt;/em&gt; has characteristic morphology. Microscopical studies indicated the presence of vessels, fiber, parenchyma cells, sclereids, tracheids and trichomes. Physicochemical parameters of &lt;em&gt;E. acoroides&lt;/em&gt; rhizome; foreign matter, loss on drying and total ash content were measured. As well as chemical investigation through TLC and HPLC were specified. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study of &lt;em&gt;E. acoroides&lt;/em&gt; rhizome provides useful information that can serve as a diagnostic tool for the standardization of &lt;em&gt;E. acoroides &lt;/em&gt;and will be helpful in characterization of the crude drug in the market.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s89</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Supattra Klangprapun&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Benjaporn Buranrat&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Wanida Caichompoo&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Somsak Nualkaew&lt;sup&gt;2,* &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Natural Product Research Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Devesh Tewari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Archana Negi Sah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sweta Bawari</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognostical Evaluation of Rhododendron arboreum Sm. from Uttarakhand</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Burans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Himalaya</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">microscopy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SEM</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/519</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">527-532</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Rhododendron arboreum&lt;/em&gt; Sm. commonly known as Burans is an important plant of the Himalayan region. It is the national flower of Nepal and state tree of Uttarakhand. The present study pertains to the pharmacognostical evaluation of &lt;em&gt;R. arboreum&lt;/em&gt; from Uttarakhand. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Macroscopy, microscopy by free hand section cutting and with the help of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were done along with the physicochemical analysis. Preliminary phytochemical studies and fluorescence analysis was also carried out. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Results revealed that the leaves contain paracytic or amphiparacytic stomata in cluster form. The epidermal cells were long and spongy. The cells also contain some grooves and papillae throughout the surface. Preliminary phytochemical analysis showed the presence of different secondary metabolites like alkaloids carbohydrates, phenols, proteins, saponins, and tannins. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;R. arboreum&lt;/em&gt; from Uttarakhand region was investigated for its morphological and cytological characteristics with the help of scanning electron microscopy for the first time. The results provide details on the presence of several specific characters which are important for the identification of the genuine crude drug.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">527</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Devesh Tewari, Archana Negi Sah&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;, Sweta Bawari &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Technology, Bhimtal Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lalit Sharma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aditi Sharma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Girdhari Lal Gupta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gopal Singh Bisht</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacological Evaluation of Bacopa monnieri Extract against Depressive like Behavior Induced by Ethanol Withdrawal in Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bacopa monnieri</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Depression</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ethanol withdrawal syndrome</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Histopathology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Locomotor hyperactivity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s48-s53</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Alcohol withdrawal syndrome lead to relapse to alcohol use and depression is the most common symptom of withdrawal. &lt;em&gt;Bacopa&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;monnieri&lt;/em&gt; is a traditional memory enhancer and has reported antidepressant properties as well. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study was designed to evaluate the protective effects of &lt;em&gt;Bacopa monnieri&lt;/em&gt; extract in alcohol withdrawal depressive-like behavior in alcohol-dependent rats. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Plant drug was extracted with ethanol (70% v/v) using soxhlet extraction. Ethanol 7.2%, v/v was given to the rats in a liquid diet for 21 days and then was withdrawn from the diet and animals were observed at 6&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; and 24th h for withdrawal signs like depressive behavior and locomotor hyperactivity. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The phytochemical testing of extract revealed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids, and tannins.&lt;em&gt; Bacopa monnieri&lt;/em&gt; extract (100, 200 and 300 mg/kg, oral) and fluoxetine (10 mg/kg i.p) treatment at the 6&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; and 24&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; h of ethanol withdrawal produced the significant (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.001) decrease in the immobility time as compared to the disease control rats when tested on forced swim test and tail suspension test. &lt;em&gt;Bacopa monnieri&lt;/em&gt; extract and fluoxetine treatment produced significant (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.001) inhibitory effects on locomotor hyperactivity as well. Histopathological examination did not show any remarkable pathological and microscopic changes. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Findings from the present study showed that&lt;em&gt; Bacopa monnieri&lt;/em&gt; extract treatment has beneficial effects on ethanol withdrawal depressive-like behavior in rats.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s48</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lalit Sharma&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Aditi Sharma&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Girdhari Lal Gupta&lt;sup&gt;3,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Gopal Singh Bisht&lt;sup&gt;4,* &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacy, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, SPPSPTM, SVKM&amp;rsquo;S NMIMS University, Mumbai, Maharashtra- 400 056, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of BT and BI, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jeyavel Renukadevi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ganesan Nandhinidevi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muthiah Bavanilatha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hemanath Tharani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rajarajan Sathiyabama</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Subramani Vasumathi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacophore Modelling of Brassicaceae Members as Potent HIF (Hypoxia Inducible Factor) Inhibitors Involved in Cancer Angiogenesis</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Angiogenesis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brassicaceae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HIF</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular docking</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacophore</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Simulation</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/673</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">798-802</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Angiogenesis is considered as an essential pathological feature of cancer due to its interplay between cancer and other diseases. Natural products found to act as antiangiogenic agents that mediate the angiogenic switch between pro and anti angiogenic factors. Among the different targets, HIF is an important and critical factor that stands as a key mediator between angiogenesis, inflammation and cancer. In our study different phytochemicals of Brassicaceae were analysed for their drug like properties and mapped for pharmacophore development. The developed pharmacophore was virtually screened and further subjected to Lipinski and ADMET filters. The molecular interaction studies of the 10 retrieved compounds were studied by binding with HIF. Among the compounds 1stdrug like molecule HTS 0115 (C&lt;sub&gt;15&lt;/sub&gt;H&lt;sub&gt;21&lt;/sub&gt;BrN&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;) was found to have best docked score and its interaction was further validated using dynamics simulation. The compound found to share the pharmacophoric features with progoitrin a biochemical form of glucosinolate with reported anticancer and anti thyroid activities. Thus the drug like compound HTS 0115 can be further optimised as a putative HIF inhibitor in tumor angiogenesis.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">798</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Jeyavel Renukadevi&lt;sup&gt;*1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ganesan Nandhinidevi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Muthiah Bavanilatha&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Hemanath Tharani&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Rajarajan Sathiyabama&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Subramani Vasumathi&lt;sup&gt;1 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biotechnology, Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biotechnology, Sathyabama University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chichoyan Naira Babken</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mamyan Suren</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shaboyan Naira</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Melikyan Yelena</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Phythochemical Research of Armenian Apricot Gums (Gummi armeniacae)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13C NMR</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Apricot gum</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemical structure</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GC-MS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Simple phenols</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/511</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">476-479</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim:&lt;/strong&gt; The plant derivative, the gum&amp;rsquo;s exudates are of great interest among polysaccharides. Nowadays, it is of crucial importance to study the structural peculiarities and the conditioned biological activity of the Gummi Armenicae of native origin as an alternative version of the Gummi Arabicae.&lt;strong&gt; Materials and methods:&lt;/strong&gt; As a material for research served the gum procured from Apricot trees (Armenian Vulgaris Lam.), cultivated in different regions of Armenia annually in spring during juice motion period in 2010-2014 years. The quantity of polysaccharides in gum was determined by the method of gravimetric balance after drying. The quantitative ratio of monosaccharide in the examined polysaccharide complex was detected by the method of MRI. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; By the methods of spectral analysis (PMR 1H and NMR 13C) the structure of Apricot gums polysaccharide fraction was detected. From the analysis of PMR 1H and NMR 13C spectra it is obvious that polysaccharide complex fraction is composed from the rest of &amp;alpha;- L-arabionopyranose, &amp;beta; -L-arabionopyranose, &amp;alpha;- D-galactopyranose, &amp;beta; -D-galactopyranose, &amp;alpha; -D-glucopyranose, &amp;beta; -D-glucopyranose. Low molecular compounds in nonpolar fraction of apricot gum were determined by GC-MS method. The results show that in Rt1=22.5, Rt2=26.3, Rt3=31.4. Simple phenols were registered &amp;ndash; peaks of catechols` hydroquinones, pyrogallols, amounts of which are respectively 7.58%, 4.27%, 5.69%.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">476</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Chichoyan Naira Babken&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;*, Mamyan Suren&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Shaboyan Naira&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Melikyan Yelena&lt;sup&gt;1 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Yerevan State Medical University after M. Heratsi, Armenia&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Molecule Structure Research Center of Institution of the Scientific Technological Centre of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry of NASRA, Armenia&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;University of Basel, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Petersplatz 1, 4001 Basel, Switzerland&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nurul Qurrota’Ayun</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Astria Deviyani Zakaria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anton Bahtiar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Preliminary of Pharmacokinetics Study of Brown Seaweed (Turbinaria decurrens Bory) Extract in Colon Cancer Model Mice Induced by AOM (Azoxymethane) and DSS (Dextran Sodium Sulphate)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brown seaweed</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Colon cancer</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fucoxanthin</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/525</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">567-570.</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Colon Cancer is one of leading cancer that causes morbidity and mortality worldwide, causes 774,000 deaths. Fucoxanthin contained brown seaweed Bory) extracts showed cytotoxic activity by and study, including colon cancer. This study aims to examine the absorption profile of fucoxanthin in blood plasma on colon cancer model mice. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Mice were induced by azoxymethane (AOM) and two cycle dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). Mice were given an extract of brown seaweed Bory that contain fucoxanthin. Fucoxanthin content in blood plasma analyzed using mobile phase methanol: acetonitrile by Reversed- Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC) analysis. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The maximum concentration of fucoxanthin in blood was at 4 hours after administration, and the plasma concentration is 2.15 nmol/L, T1/2 6.25 h, and AUC 10.75 nmol/L/h &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; The method was applied successfully in a pharmacokinetic study and the resulting oral brown seaweed bioavailability calculated.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">567</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nurul Qurrota&amp;rsquo;Ayun, Astria Deviyani Zakaria, Anton Bahtiar &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia Depok, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thriveni Vasanthkumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Manjunatha Hanumanthappa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prabhakar BT</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Protective Effect of Dietary Curcumin and Capsaicin on LPS-Induced Inflammation in Mice</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Capsaicin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Curcumin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lipid peroxidation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LPS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Septic shock</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Superoxide dismutase</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/659</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">725-729</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The current study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory potency of combined curcumin and capsaicin against lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced organ damage in mice. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Adult male albino mice were distributed into five experimental groups for treatment with olive oil, LPS, curcumin, capsaicin and their combination, respectively, for 7 days prior to LPS induced inflammation. At the end of the experiment, blood samples were collected and used for the analysis of serum non-specific enzymes including serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin (TB), urea, creatinine and sugar, while the organ homogenates were subjected for the evaluation of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutothione S transferase (GST), nitric oxide (NO); lipid peroxidation (LPO) and it was further confirmed by histopathological study of different organs. &lt;strong&gt;Results and Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Curcumin, capsaicin and their combination had shown significant restoration of non-specific serum enzymes, antioxidant enzymes and attenuated inflammatory cells infiltration thereby preventing tissue/organ damage in LPS-challenged mice. However, the protective effect was found to be more when the two compounds were fed in combination. This beneficial potency of combined spice treatment is may be due to the contribution of diversified active moieties of curcumin and capsaicin in combination compared to individual molecules.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">75</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Thriveni Vasanthkumar&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Manjunatha Hanumanthappa&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;*, Prabhakar BT&lt;sup&gt;2 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of PG Studies and Research in Biotechnology, Kuvempu University, Shankaraghatta, Shimoga, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Molecular Biomedicine Laboratory, Postgraduate Department of Studies and Research in Biotechnology, Sahyadri Science college, Kuvempu University, Shimoga, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rashmi Kaup Shiva</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ganaraja Bolumbu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Santosh Mayannavar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Role of Catecholamine Pathways in Action of Orexin B Induced Open Field Activity by Nucleus Accumbens in Wistar Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dopamine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Noradrenaline</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nucleus Accumbens</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Orexin B</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TCSOX2- 29</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/641</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">628-632</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aims:&lt;/strong&gt; To elucidate whether exploratory behaviour changes following Orexin B infusion in NAc is mediated through catecholamines in male Wistar rats. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Inbred male Wistar rats (n= 24) were divided into three groups. Control, Treated 1 (Orexin B) and Treated 2 (Orexin B antagonist) groups. Using stereotaxic method, guide cannula was set in place bilaterally to reach Nucleus Accumbens. Orexin B and its antagonist, TCS-OX2-29 were infused in separate groups of overnight fasted rats. Following open field activity, catecholamines (Dopamine, Adrenaline, and Noradrenaline) were estimated in brain tissue homogenate by ELISA. Data were expressed as mean&amp;plusmn;SEM (ANOVA; Student-Newman Keuls test,).p&amp;lt;0.05 were considered as statistically significant. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Orexin B infusion significantly increased noradrenaline levels in Nucleus accumbens when compared to controls. TCS-OX2-29 significantly decreased noradrenaline in Nucleus accumbens during open field exploration activity. Adrenaline was not altered significantly during open field activity. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; These results suggest that Orexin B, which plays a role in the regulation of motor and exploratory behaviour when infused in NAc mediates these actions through noradrenergic neurotransmission in Nucleus Accumbens.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">628</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rashmi Kaup Shiva&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ganaraja Bolambu&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;*, Santosh Mayannavar&lt;sup&gt;3 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Physiology, Centre for Basic Sciences, Kasturba Medical College (A unit of Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal), Mangalore, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Physiology, Karwar Institute of Medical Sciences, Karwar, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangaluru, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Veeraprakash Bathini</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suresh Kumar Kalakandan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muthukumaran Pakkirisamy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karthikeyen Ravichandran</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Structural Elucidation of Peanut, Sunflower and Gingelly Oils by Using FTIR and 1H NMR Spectroscopy</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1H-NMR</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FTIR</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TAG</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Unsaturation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WHO</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Z-Conformation</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/664</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">753-757</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aims:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study focused on FTIR and &lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;H-NMR spectroscopic methods to assign structural connectivity and purity of the oils. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Non-destructive Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and &lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;H nuclear magnetic resonance (&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;H-NMR) spectroscopy techniques are used to assign the structural confirmation of the triacylglyceride (TAG) functional component in three different oils namely Sunflower, Peanut, and Gingelly oils respectively. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; FTIR spectrum shows a very high intense band at 1744 cm&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; associated with the existence of the ester carbonyl functional group (O-C=O) and very weak shoulder peak of cis double-bond (C=C) stretching was noticed at &amp;sim;1655 cm&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;. In &lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;H-NMR spectrum shows well resolved chemical shift values in the range 5.3-0.8 ppm corresponding to characteristic group in aliphatic region. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Each distinct peak was determined based on chemical shift as well as splitting pattern values. For olefin signal as triplet, tertiary methine protons as singlet, well separated oxymethylene seen as triplet at ~4.2 ppm owing to presence of high electronegative oxygen atom connected to methylene chain gives more deshielding effect. As for bis-allylic, &amp;alpha;-carbonyl methylene, &amp;beta;-carbonyl methylene, allylic, saturated methylene along with terminal methyl proton signals are noticed in the span of 2.3-0.8 ppm. A remarkable feature of the spectra is well resolved chemical shift values is clearly support presence of longer hydrocarbon chains. Absence of multiplet coupling peaks and disappearance of signals in down shield region &amp;gt; 5.4 ppm confirms the absence of trans stereoisomer (E-conformation), aromatic and heterocyclic epoxide compounds.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">753</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Veeraprakash Bathini, Suresh Kumar Kalakandan&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;, Muthukumaran Pakkirisamy,&amp;nbsp;Karthikeyen Ravichandran &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Food Safety Quality Testing Laboratory, Indian Institute of Food Processing Technology, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Surapong Rattana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Teeraporn Katisart</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bunleu Sungthong</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chirapha Butiman</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acute and Sub-acute Toxicities of Thai Silkworm Powder (Bombyx mori Linn.) From Three Races in Male Wistar Rats and In vitro Antioxidant Activities</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activities.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">hematological parameters</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">lipid profile</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Silkworm</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">toxicities</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">/files/PJ-9-4/10.5530pj.2017.4.87</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">541-545</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; The silkworm powder from Japanese and Korean races has a high biological activity. However, there was less scientific evidence regarding bioactivities in Thai silkworm races. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; This research was interested in toxicity and antioxidant activities of Thai silkworm races. &lt;strong&gt;Material and methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The 5th instar, 3rd day of growth stage of Thai traditional silkworm (Nanglai, Nangnoi and Samrong races) were lyophilized by freeze dryer and ground as silkworm powder. The acute and sub-acute toxicities studies were carried out in male Wistar rats. The antioxidant capacities of silkworm powder were investigated with DPPH, ABTS and FRAP methods. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The acute toxicity in rats by single dose oral administration show that the high dose at a concentration of 2,000 mg/kg b.w. did not have toxicity in rats. The sub-acute toxicity in rats by oral administration showed that the high dose concentration at 2,000 mg/kg body weight for 6 weeks had no toxicity in all group either. In addition, the hematological parameters and lipid profiles of treated group and control groups were not significantly different. The antioxidant study showed that silkworm powders were not significant difference in all groups of samples in three assays (DPPH, ABTS and FRAP). However, significant difference had been found in comparison to ascorbic acid (p &amp;lt; 0.05). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Silkworm powder from three races of Thai silkworm did not produce any toxicity in male rats. In addition, the silkworm powder also exhibited antioxidant activities.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">541</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Surapong Rattana&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;*, Teeraporn Katisart&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Bunleu Sungthong&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Chirapha Butiman&lt;sup&gt;4 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, 44150, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, 44150, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Natural Products Research Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, 44150, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Silk Innovation Center, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, 44150, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arif Budiman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diah Lia Aulifa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arif Satria Wira Kusuma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Astri Sulastri</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activity of Black Mulberry (Morus nigra L.) Extract for Acne Treatment</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti acne</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morus Nigra Extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Propionibacterium Acnes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Staphylococcus Epidermidis</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">/files/pj-9-5/10.5530pj.2017.5.97/index.html</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">611-614</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Black mulberry is rich in phenols and is hence usable in the treatment of acne. It also contains anthocyanin, a well-known antioxidant. This study aimed to examine the antibacterial and antioxidant properties of black mulberry (&lt;em&gt;Morus nigra L.&lt;/em&gt;) extract as a potential raw material for use in beauty care products. &lt;strong&gt;Method: &lt;/strong&gt;Fruit extract was obtained using maceration method with 96% ethanol. The antibacterial activity of the extract was determined by disc diffusion method, while the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined by microdilution method. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity of the extract was tested by DPPH method. &lt;strong&gt;Result:&lt;/strong&gt; The results showed a 2.5% MIC against &lt;em&gt;S. epidermidis&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;P. acnes,&lt;/em&gt; confirming the antibacterial activity of black mulberry extract. The MBC values for the respective bacterium were 2.5% and 5%. Regarding antioxidant activity, the IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value of black mulberry extract was 146.731 mg/mL, suggesting its medium potential. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Morus nigra&lt;/em&gt; extract has antibacterial activity against &lt;em&gt;S. epidermidis &lt;/em&gt;and &lt;em&gt;P. acnes&lt;/em&gt;, and has medium potential as antioxidant.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">611</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Arif Budiman&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Diah Lia Aulifa&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Arif Satria Wira Kusuma&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Astri Sulastri&lt;sup&gt;1 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Departement of Pharmaceutical and Technology Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran Jatinangor, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Indonesia, Jl. Soekarno Hatta No. 354, Bandung, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Surapong Rattana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Teeraporn Katisart</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chirapha Butiman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bunleu Sungthong</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antihyperglycemic Effect of Silkworm Powder, Fibroin and Sericin from Three Thai Silkworm (Bombyx mori Linn.) in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antihyperglycemic effect</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diabetic rats</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fibroin.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sericin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Silkworm</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">/files/PJ-9-4/10.5530pj.2017.4.89</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">559-564</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study was aimed to investigate the antihyperglycemic activities of Thai silkworm (&lt;em&gt;Bombyx mori &lt;/em&gt;Linn.) powder, fibroin and sericin from three races of Thai silkworm including Nangnoi, Nanglai, and Samrong in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; All rats were daily and orally administered with silkworm powder (5&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt;-instar, 3&lt;sup&gt;rd&lt;/sup&gt;-day), fibroin, and sericin at a dose of 250 mg/kg for 6 weeks. After that, various parameters including body weight, blood glucose, hematological and biochemical parameters were determined. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The results revealed that fasting plasma glucose level in 6&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; week of Nanglai fibroin, Nangnoi fibroin and Nangnoi sericin expressed a better reduction of FPG in diabetic rats compared with diabetic control groups (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.05). All hematological parameters of each group were not different within those values (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;&amp;gt;0.05). In case of blood urea nitrogen, creatinine and alkaline phosphatase value showed that some of treated groups was different from diabetic control (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.05), while all of treated groups showed different in cholesterol and high density lipoprotein value (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.05). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Silkworm powders, fibroin and sericin of three races exhibited a therapeutic potential for the reduction plasma glucose level. Treatments of silkworm powder, fibroin and sericin did not have any effect on hematological parameters. Improvement of blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, alkaline phosphatase values and lipid profiles also were also observed in the treatment groups.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">559</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Surapong Rattana&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Teeraporn Katisart&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Chirapha Butiman&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Bunleu Sungthong&lt;sup&gt;4 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, 44150, THAILAND. &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, 44150, THAILAND. &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Silk Innovation Center, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, 44150, THAILAND. &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Natural Products Research Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, 44150, THAILAND.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ajay Pal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kandikattu Hemanth Kumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bharat Bhushan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vinod Saharan</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ashwagandha Root Extract Inhibits Acetylcholine Esterase, Protein Modification and Ameliorates H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;-Induced Oxidative Stress in Rat Lymphocytes</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acetylcholine esterase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ashwagandha</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DNA damage</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Protein carbonylation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rat lymphocytes</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2017 </style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">/files/PJ-9-3/10.5530pj.2017.3.52</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">302-309</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Herbs have long been the basis of medical treatment but the practice of herbalism is not strictly based on evidences gathered using scientific methods. Ashwagandha (&lt;em&gt;Withania somnifera L&lt;/em&gt;.) is a traditional medicinal herb used in the treatment of various ailments. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; In current study we have evaluated the acetylcholine esterase (AChE) inhibitory and antioxidant potential of Ashwagandha root extract (ARE) in in-vitro and &lt;em&gt;ex-vivo&lt;/em&gt; models to give a scientific base to its use in herbal medicine. &lt;strong&gt;Methodology:&lt;/strong&gt; Simplest extraction e.g. maceration method was performed for preparation of extracts using methanol as solvent. Both &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;in vivo&lt;/em&gt; experimental trial were executed to evaluate the efficacy of root extract. &lt;strong&gt;Result and Discussion:&lt;/strong&gt; ARE substantially scavenged free radicals and effectively prevented protein degradation as well as modification as studied by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting. Pre-treatment with ARE protected rat lymphocytes against H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;-induced oxidative damage. H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; treatment resulted in DNA fragmentation and significantly decreased the activities of key antioxidant enzymes namely superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase while decreased and increased the content of glutathione and malondialdehyde, respectively. ARE pre-treatment almost reversed these changes indicating its efficiency to suppress hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The study provides the scientific basis of pleiotropic functions of Ashwagandha.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">302</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ajay Pal&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Kandikattu Hemanth Kumar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Bharat Bhushan&lt;sup&gt;*1&lt;/sup&gt; and Vinod Saharan&lt;sup&gt;3 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Biochemistry and Nanosciences Discipline, Defence Food Research Laboratory, Mysore, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur, Rajasthan, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Consolacion Y. Ragasa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tyson C. Batarra</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Julius Leonard A. Vivar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mariquit M. De Los Reyes</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chien-Chang Shen</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemical Constituents of Dracontomelon Dao (Blanco) Merr. et Rolfe</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3-Alkylphenols</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anacardaceae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anacardic Acid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">B-Sitosteryl Fatty Acid Esters</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">B-Sitosteryl-3β-Glucopyranoside-6’-O-Fatty Acid Esters</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cardol</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dracontomelon dao (Blanco) merr. Et Rolfe</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">/files/pj-9-5/10.5530pj.2017.5.103/index.html</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">654-656</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; The leaves, twigs and flowers of &lt;em&gt;Dracontomelon dao&lt;/em&gt; (Blanco) Merr. et Rolfe, an indigenous Philippine tree were investigated for their chemical constituents. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The compounds were isolated by silica gel chromatography and their structures were identified by NMR spectroscopy. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Chemical investigation of &lt;em&gt;D. dao&lt;/em&gt; led to the isolation of cardol &lt;strong&gt;(1)&lt;/strong&gt;, &amp;beta;-sitosteryl-3&amp;beta;-glucopyranoside-6, &lt;em&gt;O&lt;/em&gt;-fatty acid esters &lt;strong&gt;(2),&lt;/strong&gt; &amp;beta;-sitosteryl fatty acid esters &lt;strong&gt;(3),&lt;/strong&gt; and a mixture of &amp;beta;-sitosterol &lt;strong&gt;(4a)&lt;/strong&gt; and stigmasterol &lt;strong&gt;(4b)&lt;/strong&gt; from the petiole; 1, a mixture of &lt;strong&gt;4a&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;4b&lt;/strong&gt;, anacardic acid &lt;strong&gt;(5)&lt;/strong&gt;, triacylglycerols &lt;strong&gt;(6)&lt;/strong&gt;, monoacylglycerol &lt;strong&gt;(7)&lt;/strong&gt;, long-chain fatty acid esters &lt;strong&gt;(8)&lt;/strong&gt;, and linoleic acid &lt;strong&gt;(9)&lt;/strong&gt; from the twigs; and a mixture of &lt;strong&gt;4a&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;4b, 5, 6, 8&lt;/strong&gt;, long-chain fatty alcohols &lt;strong&gt;(10)&lt;/strong&gt;, and long- chain hydrocatbons &lt;strong&gt;(11)&lt;/strong&gt; from the flowers of &lt;em&gt;D. dao.&lt;/em&gt;The structures of 1 and 5 were elucidated by extensive 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, while those of 2-4 and 6-11 were identified by NMR spectroscopy. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; This is the first report on the isolation of 1, 4b and 6-9 from &lt;em&gt;D. dao.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">654</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Consolacion Y. Ragasa&lt;sup&gt;1,2,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Tyson C. Batarra&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Julius Leonard A. Vivar &lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Mariquit M. De Los Reyes&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, and Chien-Chang Shen&lt;sup&gt;4 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Chemistry Department, De La Salle University, 2401 Taft Avenue, Manila 1004, PHILIPPINES.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Chemistry Department, De La Salle University Science &amp;amp; Technology Complex Leandro V. Locsin Campus, Bi&amp;ntilde;an City, Laguna 4024, PHILIPPINES.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Biology Department, De La Salle University, 2401 Taft Avenue, Manila 1004, PHILIPPINES.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, 155-1, Li-Nong St., Sec. 2, Taipei 112, TAIWAN.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gunjan Biswas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sudeshna Nandi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Debashis Kuila</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Krishnendu Acharya</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A Comprehensive Review on Food and Medicinal Prospects of Astraeus hygrometricus</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Astrakurkurone</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Immunomodulation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medicinal Mushroom</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nutritive Value.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/178</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">799-806</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Edible mushrooms contain unique flavours and textures. They have high nutritional and medicinal values and have been consumed worldwide. &lt;em&gt;Astraeus hygrometricus&lt;/em&gt; (Pers.) Morg. a wild ectomycorrhizal mushroom recognized as a food by the local people in South-East Asia as well as in Bihar, Jharkhand, South west India and South-Western region of West Bengal. However, it is considerably unknown to the communities in other parts of the world and it remains underutilized so far. Recent investigations from our laboratory have manifested the potential role of this mushroom in human health. Basidiocarps of &lt;em&gt;A. hygrometricus&lt;/em&gt; are rich in proteins, carbohydrates, minerals, crude fibre and essential amino acids with lower concentration of fat. Experiments on animal models reveal the hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, anti-inflammatory, anticancer and hypoglycaemic efficacy of the mushroom. Additionally, researchers have found this taxon to contain many bioactive compounds shown to be responsible for antitumor, anti-leishmanial, anticandidal, antioxidant and immunomodulatory activity. The present review, summarized the scattered literature on &lt;em&gt;A. hygrometricus&lt;/em&gt; with an emphasis on its nutritional and health promoting aspects.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">799</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Gunjan Biswas&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Sudeshna Nandi&lt;sup&gt;2*&lt;/sup&gt;, Debashis Kuila&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Krishnendu Acharya&lt;sup&gt;2*&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Botany &amp;amp; Forestry, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore- 721102, West Bengal, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Molecular and Applied Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amel Bouzabata</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Contemporary Use of Phytocosmetics in Three Districts from North-Eastern Algeria</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Algeria</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medicine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytocosmetic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scanty.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Traditional</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/173</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">762-766</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; In Algeria, the cosmetic market is competitive, with an annual growth of 12%. Because of the toxicity of synthetics cosmetics, the industry is currently more concentrated on herbal cosmetics. Phytocosmetic is an important aspect of traditional medicine in Algerian culture, whose information is scanty. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study has been conducted to assess quantitatively the use of herbs in phytocosmetics application. &lt;strong&gt;Method:&lt;/strong&gt; Data was collected from 300 users via face to face interviews using semi-structured questionnaire in three districts from North-eastern Algeria: Annaba, El Tarf and Skikda. Five parameters were evaluated including the demographic characteristics, the form of cosmetic preparation and, medicinal stories used in cosmetic applications. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The soap (67%) and a fixed oil (56%) were the preparation forms most used in phytocosmetics applications. Although, five medicinal plants were recorded: &lt;em&gt;Aloe vera (L.) Burm.F., Matricaria recutita L., Lavandula angustifolia Mill., Citrus limon (L.) Osbeck and Ricinus communis L&lt;/em&gt;. The highest relative citation frequency (RFC) was attributed to &lt;em&gt;A. vera&lt;/em&gt; in the three district Skikda (0.68), Annaba (0.57), and El Tarf (0.43). Eleven traditional recipes have been described. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; This study is able to record the available information the importance of phytocosmetic in traditional medicine. However, further research should be conducted in Algeria, to explore the toxicity of these products.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">762</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Amel Bouzabata &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie, Facult&amp;eacute; de M&amp;eacute;decine, Rue Zaafrania BP 205, Annaba, ALGERIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anies Monica Adhitia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alisa Nur Octaviani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rissyelly</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Katrin Basah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdul Mun’im</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effect of Gamma Irradiation on Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibition, Antioxidant Activity, Total Phenolic Compound and Total Flavonoid of Peperomia pellucida Herbs Extract</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ACE</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gamma-irradiation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peperomia pellucida</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Total flavonoids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">total phenolic</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://phcogj.com/fulltext/308</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">244-248</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Peperomia pellucida&lt;/em&gt; L. Kunth has been reported to have some biological activities such as antihypertensive and antioxidants. Herbal materials susceptible to contamination during processing and storage which can shortens their shelf life. Gamma-irradiation has been used as a method for preservation. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; This research aimed to analyze the effect of gamma-irradiation on inhibition activity of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), antioxidant activity, total phenol content, total flavonoid, and thin layer chromatography profiles of &lt;em&gt;P. pellucida&lt;/em&gt; L. Herbs extract. The extract was irradiated with 60Co gamma rays at 2.5; 5; 7.5; dan 10 kGy. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Irradiation up to 10 kGy did not change ACE inhibitory activity and TLC profile. No significant differences were noted in the inhibition activity of ACE and the type of chromatogram profiles between non-irradiated extract and irradiated extracts up to a dose of 10 kGy while total flavonoids showed a significant decrease. In addition, total phenolic content and antioxidant activity showed a significant increase of extracts were irradiated up to 5 kGy and decrease at dose 7,5 kGy and 10 kGy. Gamma-irradiation up to 10 kGy didn&amp;rsquo;t affect the activity of ACEinhibitor &lt;em&gt;in-vitro&lt;/em&gt; while significant difference (P &amp;lt;0.05) of antioxidant activity, total flavonoids and phenolic content of the extract &lt;em&gt;P. Pellucida&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; In conclusion, gamma - irradiation can be used as a preservation method for ethanol extract &lt;em&gt;P. Pellucida&lt;/em&gt; L. Kunth herbs.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">244</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Anies Monica Adhitia, Alisa Nur Octaviani, Rissyelly, Katrin Basah, Abdul Mun&amp;rsquo;im* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy- Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus Baru UI Depok 16424, Depok, Indonesia.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thriveni Vasanthkumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Manjunatha Hanumanthappa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prabhakar BT</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Santhosh Kondajji Hanumanthappa</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hepatoprotective Effect of Curcumin and Capsaicin against Lipopolysaccharide Induced Liver Damage in Mice</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ALP.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Capsaicin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Curcumin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hepatoprotective activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lipopolysaccharide</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SGOT</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SGPT</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/201</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">947-951</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study was undertaken to evaluate the possible ameliorative role of curcumin, capsaicin and their combination against lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced hepatic toxicity in mice. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Animals were distributed into five experimental groups: Normal control, vehicle control, curcumin, capsaicin and combined curcumin and capsaicin treatment groups respectively, for 7 days prior to LPS induced liver toxicity (3 mg/kg b.w. in saline). Hepatoprotective effect of individual and combined spice principles were evidenced by the measurement of serum marker enzyme activities such as, SGPT, ALP and TB and it was further confirmed by histopathological observation of liver tissue section. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The administration of LPS increased serum nonspecific enzymes (SGOT; 174.2&amp;plusmn;3.79 IU/L, SGPT; 124.0&amp;plusmn;3.14 IU/L, ALP; 320.15&amp;plusmn;3.88 IU/L and total bilirubin level; 2.32&amp;plusmn;1.23 mg/dL), however dietary curcumin and capsaicin decreased the activities of these non&amp;ndash;specific serum enzymes including total bilirubin indicating amelioration of the severe LPS induced hepatotoxicity, while the combined spice principles were more significant as shown by the levels of enzymes activities SGOT; 89.9&amp;plusmn;1.39 IU/L, SGPT; 85.9&amp;plusmn;1.83 IU/L, ALP; 138.4&amp;plusmn;2.05 IU/L including total bilirubin level; 0.86&amp;plusmn;0.03 mg/dL. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Dietary curcumin and capsaicin individually are protective to LPS induced hepatotoxicity, the beneficial effect was found to be more when the two compounds were fed in combination.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">947</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Thriveni Vasanthkumar&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Manjunatha Hanumanthappa&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Prabhakar BT&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Santhosh Kondajji Hanumanthappa&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biotechnology, Kuvempu University, Shankaraghatta - 577 451 Shimoga, Karnataka (St), INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Molecular biomedicine laboratory, Postgraduate department of studies and research in biotechnology, Sahyadri science college, Kuvempu University, Shimoga-577203, Karnataka (St), INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sakshi Bajaj</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sharad Wakode</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Washim Khan</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HPTLC Analysis and Antiproliferative Effect of Various Extracts of Swertia alata on Growth of Leishmania donovani Promastigotes in vitro</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiproliferative</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HPTLC</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oleanolic acid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quality control</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Swertiamarin</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/391</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s107-s116</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;The present study was carried out to evaluate the quality control analysis and antiproliferative effects of petroleum ether, chloroform, ethanol and aqueous extracts of Swertia alata (family Gentianaceae) on Leishmania donovani. A basic, exact, quick and reproducible high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) has been created for synchronous analysis of Oleanolic acid and Swertiamarin from S. alata. &lt;/p&gt;

Read more...</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s107</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sakshi Bajaj&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;*, Sharad Wakode&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Washim Khan&lt;sup&gt;3 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, University of Delhi, DIPSAR, Sec-III, Pushp Vihar, M.B Road, Delhi-110017, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Professor, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Delhi, DIPSAR, Sec-III, Pushp Vihar, M.B Road, Delhi-110017, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Ph.D Scholar, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi - 110062, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohind C. Mohan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anu P. Abhimannue</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prakash Kumar B</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Identification and Characterization of Berberine in Tinospora cordifolia by Liquid Chromatography Quadrupole Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (LC MS/MS Q-tof) and Evaluation of its anti Inflammatory Potential</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5 Lipoxygenase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berberine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mass spectrometry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular Docking.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tinospora cordifolia</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2017 </style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">/files/PJ-9-3/10.5530pj.2017.3.59</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">350-355</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Tinospora cordifolia&lt;/em&gt; (Willd.) Miers ex Hook F and Thomas commonly called as gudduchi or amrita is a widely used plant in traditional medicinal system of Ayurveda. A UPLC MS/MS Q-tof method for the identification and characterization of berberine in &lt;em&gt;Tinospora cordifolia&lt;/em&gt; (Willd.) Miers. ex HooK.F. and Thomas. and to evaluate the anti inflammatory potential of bioactive fraction. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The presence of berberine in &lt;em&gt;Tinospora cordifolia&lt;/em&gt; was determined by HPLC and was subsequently isolated by HPTLC. The anti inflammatory property of the fraction containing berberine was demonstrated to have an inhibitory activity on 5 lipoxygenase, an enzyme involved in inflammatory pathway and its IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value was obtained. The binding interactions between berberine and 5-LOX were demonstrated by docking studies. &lt;strong&gt;Result:&lt;/strong&gt; The presence of berberine in &lt;em&gt;Tinospora cordifolia&lt;/em&gt; methanolic extract was identified by HPLC and HPTLC analysis and confirmed by UPLC MS/ MS Q-tof. The fraction containing berberine inhibited 5-LOX with an IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of 0.041&amp;plusmn; 0.0003&amp;mu;g/mL as compared to that of NDGA (positive control) which showed an IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of 2.75 &amp;plusmn; 0.05 &amp;mu;g/mL. Molecular docking of berberine with 5-LOX showed a binding energy of -8.942 &amp;plusmn; 0.039665 kcal/mol and Ki of 273.16 &amp;plusmn; 3.026 nM as compared to the NDGA which has a binding energy of -7.186 &amp;plusmn; 0.170503 kcal/mol and Ki 5.604&amp;plusmn; 1.618 &amp;mu;M. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Tinospora cordifolia&lt;/em&gt; can be used as a source of berberine and possible anti inflammatory activity of &lt;em&gt;Tinospora cordifolia&lt;/em&gt; may be attributed to the presence of berberine.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">350</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mohind C. Mohan, Anu P. Abhimannue, Prakash Kumar B&lt;sup&gt;* &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Inflammation Research Lab, School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kerala, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anita Paulina Tambunan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anton Bahtiar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Raymond Rubianto Tjandrawinata</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Influence of Extraction Parameters on the Yield, Phytochemical, TLC-Densitometric Quantification of Quercetin, and LC-MS Profile, and how to Standardize Different Batches for Long Term from Ageratum conyoides L. Leaves</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ageratum conyzoides</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lc-Ms</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercetin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Standardization.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tlc-Densitometric</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/174</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">767-774</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Ageratum conyzoides&lt;/em&gt; Linn is one of the Indonesian herbs are used as folk medicine. There are many studies to the therapeutic activity. However, the study of the influence in extraction parameters and how to standardize different batches of plant is still limited. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study was designed to investigate the influence of extraction parameters on the variables matter, yield, phytochemical profile, and total quercetin from &lt;em&gt;A. conyzoides L&lt;/em&gt;. leaves extract. The study also evaluates Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (LC-MS) and TLC fingerprint profiles of the extract to determine the proper quality of plant material of &lt;em&gt;A. conyzoides L&lt;/em&gt;. leaves. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Different temperatures (from 0&amp;deg;C to 60&amp;deg;C), solvent types (water and 70% ethanol (%v/v), and extraction time (192 h VS 2 h) were used to investigate the influence of extraction parameters. The profiles of extract were performed by TLC and LC-MS method. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The extract yield was influenced by temperature, solvent types, and time extraction. Our results suggest that the digestion technique at 60&amp;deg;C with 70% ethanol for 2h was recommended for the extraction method to obtained high yield and quercetin content as bioactive compound in &lt;em&gt;A. conyzoides L&lt;/em&gt;. leaves extract. The range of quercetin content (40&amp;ndash;52 ppm) combined with TLC and LC-MS profile can be used to determine the proper quality of plant material. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; All parameter of extraction have an affect on the yield extract and total quercetin on the final extract. Thus, there is a need an optimized method to obtain the suitable method.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">767</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Anita Paulina Tambunan&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Anton Bahtiar&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Raymond Rubianto Tjandrawinata&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Dexa Laboratories of Biomolecular Sciences, Dexa Medica, Cikarang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sayani Banerjee</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shefali Pandey</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Purbasha Mukherjee</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Afia Sayeed</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Apoorva Vasant Pandurangi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shinomol George</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sahabudeen Sheik Mohideen</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Investigation of cytotoxicity induced by Nigella sativa and Azadirachta indica using MDA-MB-231, HCT 116 and SHSY5Y cell lines</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ayurvedic medicine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cancer cells</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Herbal plants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neuronal cells</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://phcogj.com/fulltext/298</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">192-195</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Indian herbal plants are widely used as medicine in the ancient ayurvedic and culinary purposes. &lt;em&gt;Nigella sativa&lt;/em&gt; that also called as in black cumin is a flowering plant in the family &lt;em&gt;ranunculiceae&lt;/em&gt; that is native to Southeast Asia. More recently &lt;em&gt;Nigella sativa&lt;/em&gt; is also been used as anti cancer drug and protective agent against gamma radiation induced adverse effects in cell lines. &lt;em&gt;Azadirachta indica&lt;/em&gt; commonly called as neem, is a tree belonging to mahogany family meliaceae. &lt;em&gt;Azadirachta indica&lt;/em&gt; is also a traditional medicinal plant that used from a very long time in Indian ayurvedic and it is also been reported to have many beneficial effects including but not limited to anti-cancer and anti-diabetic effects. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; Find the IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values of &lt;em&gt;Nigella sativa&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Azadirachta indica&lt;/em&gt; ethanolic extracts in MDA-MB-231, HCT 116 and SHSY5Y cell lines. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; In this study we selected two cancerous cell lines (MDA-MB-231, HCT 116) and one neuronal cell line (SHSY5Y) and studied the effect of the two plant extracts namely &lt;em&gt;Nigella sativa&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Azadirachta indica&lt;/em&gt; on the cell metabolic activity. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; This study revealed that cancerous cell lines are more prone to the plant extracts than the neuronal cell lines. These results suggest positive clues on how such medicinal plant extracts act against cancerous cells alone while affecting the normal cells to a limited extent. However, further studies are required to find if this effect is due to cytotoxicity, cytostaticity, or anti-adhesive property.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">192</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sayani Banerjee&lt;sup&gt;1#&lt;/sup&gt;, Shefali Pandey&lt;sup&gt;1#&lt;/sup&gt;, Purbasha Mukherjee&lt;sup&gt;1#&lt;/sup&gt;, Afia Sayeed&lt;sup&gt;1#&lt;/sup&gt;, Apoorva Vasant Pandurangi&lt;sup&gt;1#&lt;/sup&gt;, Shinomol George&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Sahabudeen Sheik Mohideen&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biotechnology, Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering, Kumaraswamy Layout, Bangalore &amp;ndash;560 078, Karnataka, India.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur &amp;ndash; 603 203, Kancheepuram Dist., Tamil Nadu, India.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h6 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;#All authors contributed equally.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/h6&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Somnath De</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ramalingam Suresh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Akula Murali Sri Sudhakar Babu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Siddabathuni Aneela</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In-vivo Hepatoprotective Activity of Methanolic Extracts of Sphaeranthus amaranthoides and Oldenlandia umbellate</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ALP</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CCl4</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hepatoprotective activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oldenlandia umbellata</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SGOT</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SGPT</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sphaeranthus amaranthoides</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TB.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">98-101</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study was carried out to evaluate the&lt;em&gt; in vitro&lt;/em&gt; hepatoprotective activity of unexploited plants, &lt;em&gt;Sphaeranthus amaranthoides&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Oldenlandia umbellate&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;on CCl&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; induced liver injury, which are indigenous to South India.&lt;strong&gt; Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; in the present study the methanolic extracts from &lt;em&gt;Sphaeranthus amaranthoides&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Oldenlandia umbellata&lt;/em&gt; were studied against the carbon tetrachloride hepatotoxicity. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; significant hepatoprotective effect was obtained against carbon tetrachloride induced liver damage as judged from serum marker enzyme activities (SGOT, SGPT, ALT, and TB) and a normal architecture of liver compare to toxic control. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; the result revealed that methanolic extracts of &lt;em&gt;Sphaeranthus amaranthoides&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Oldenlandia umbellata&lt;/em&gt; could be useful in preventing CCl&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; induced liver injury.&lt;/div&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">98</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Somnath De&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;*, Ramalingam Suresh&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Akula Murali Sri Sudhakar Babu&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Siddabathuni Aneela&lt;sup&gt;1 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Dr. Samuel George Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Markapur- 523316, Andhra Pradesh, India &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Annamalai University, Department of Pharmacy, Annamalai Nagar-600 802, Tamil Nadu, India &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;A.M. Reddy Memorial Colleges of Pharmacy, Narasaraopet, Guntur-522601, Andhra Pradesh&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gagan Shah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dhandeep Singh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Uttam Singh Baghel</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Isolation and Identification of Compounds from the Leaf Extract of Melaleuca alternifolia</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3’dimethylellagic acid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aromatherapy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chloroform</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Melaleuca alternifolia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Methalonic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Myrtaceae</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/381</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s52-s55</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Melaleuca alternifolia&lt;/em&gt; also known as Tea tree oil belonging to family Myrtaceae. This plant has diverse and therapeutic uses in traditional herbal medicine for treating Skin care, First Aid, Household Cleaning, Hair care, Aromatherapy, Feminine care, Chronic illness, and Dental care in Australia.&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Method:&lt;/strong&gt; The methanolic extract of &lt;em&gt;Melaleuca alternifolia&lt;/em&gt; family Myrtaceae was subjected for Soxhlet extraction in round bottomed flask with petroleum ether. The petroleum ether extracted leaf powder was dried and once again subjected to Soxhlet extraction successively with different solvents viz, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol. Result: The IR spectra showed characteristic absorption bands at 3421 cm&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; indicating the presence of a OH group, at 1691cm&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; for C=O group, 2848 cm&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;. The &lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;HNMR spectra showed a triplet signal at &amp;delta; 10.44, 9.48, 13.21 showing the presence of OH group and Carboxylic acid. The &lt;sup&gt;13&lt;/sup&gt;C NMR spectra showed signals at &amp;delta; 16.28 for a methyl carbon, &amp;delta; 29.89 for a methylene carbon, The ESI-negative mode mass spectrum showed pseudo molecular ions at m/z 515 for [M+] ion. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Based on spectral analysis and comparison of the spectral data with literature values, the compounds were identified as 3,3&amp;rsquo;dimethylellagic acid and its aglycone portion with some little impurity.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s52</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Gagan Shah&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;*, Dhandeep Singh&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Uttam Singh Baghel&lt;sup&gt;3 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, IKG Punjab Technical University, Kapurthala, Punjab, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Khalsa College of Pharmacy, Amritsar, Punjab, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meenu Bhan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Saurabh Satija</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chanchal Garg</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Harish Dureja</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Munish Garg</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A Novel Approach towards Green Extraction for Glycyrrhitinic Acid by Ionic Liquid Based Microwave Assisted Extraction and Optimization through Response Surface Methodology</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Glycyrrhitinic acid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Glycyrrhiza glabra</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Microwave assisted extraction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Novel</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Response surface methodology.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">[bmim]Cl</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/189</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">866-872</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Extraction process plays an important role in extraction of herbal bioactive components. Ionic liquid based microwave assisted extraction (IL-MAE) has the potential to yield maximum analytes from the crude drugs in shorter time period with less solvent consumption and greater efficiency. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study aimed to develop new protocol of Ionic Liquids based Microwave-assisted Extraction (ILs-MAE) of glycyrrhetinic acid from licorice; optimization of the protocol through RSM and comparison of IL-MAE with conventional extraction techniques like maceration and soxhlation by HPTLC. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; A novel ionic liquid-based microwave assisted extraction (IL-MAE) method was carried out for glycyrrhitinic acid from &lt;em&gt;Glycyrrhiza glabra &lt;/em&gt;using ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride ([bmim]Cl) and optimized by response surface methodology. The variable microwaveassisted extraction parameters selected were concentration of [bmim]Cl, extraction time and microwave power while solid-liquid ratio and extraction temperature were kept constant. Response surface methodology was applied for developing, improving and optimizing the whole process and comparison of IL-MAE with maceration and soxhlation by HPTLC. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The yield of glycyrrhitinic acid was found to be 0.48 % w/w in maceration in 7 days, 0.76 % in soxhlation in 3 h and 2.54 % w/w in IL-MAE in 4 min. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; IL- MAE of glycyrrhitinic acid from &lt;em&gt;Glycyrrhiza glabra&lt;/em&gt; was proved to be better in respect of extraction efficiency, time and quantity of solvent used. Meanwhile, there was great reduction in the environmental pollution by using the green solvents/ ionic liquids (ILs), which is a great benefit to all.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">866</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Meenu Bhan&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Saurabh Satija&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Chanchal Garg&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Harish Dureja&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Munish Garg&lt;sup&gt;1* &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, INDIA. &lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Assistant Professor School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Lovely Professional University, Punjab, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Weekar Younus Raja</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zulfiqar Ali Bhat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ishtiyaq Ahmad Chashoo</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognostic and Phytochemical Characteristics of Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle Stem and Root Bark: A Comparative Study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alkaloids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fluorescence analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Proximate Analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Simaroubaceae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tree of Heaven</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">/files/pj-9-5/10.5530pj.2017.5.106/index.html</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">668-673</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Ailanthus altissima&lt;/em&gt; (Simaroubaceae) is a large tree indigenous to China. It is known as the &amp;ldquo;Tree of Heaven&amp;rdquo;, used in traditional medicine in many parts of Asia, including China to treat cold, gastric diseases, diarrhea and endoparasites. It is also used as a bitter aromatic drug and as an antitumoral. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study deals with comparative pharmacognostical parameters for the bark of stem and root of &lt;em&gt;Ailanthus altissima&lt;/em&gt;, Mill. Swingle. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The stem and root bark were collected, shade dried and powdered plant material was studied for its proximate values by standard methods. The extracts were subjected to a preliminary phytochemical screening for the detection of various phytoconstituents. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Proximate analysis revealed that the dry plant powder of stem bark has 6.48 % total ash, 0.42% acid insoluble ash, 4.60 % water soluble ash and for root bark 7.22 % total ash, 0.74% acid insoluble ash, 5.98 % water soluble ash. The Loss on drying for stem and root bark were found out to be 6.62 % and 10.46 % respectively. The stem and root bark of plant powder were found to possess phytoconstituents. Fluorescence analysis revealed the behaviour of the plant powder when treated with different chemical reagents. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study reveals the preliminary phytochemical and proximate analysis of stem and root bark of &lt;em&gt;Ailanthus altissima&lt;/em&gt;. Information obtained from these studies can be used as markers in the identification and standardization of this plant as a herbal remedy and also towards monograph development on the plant.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">668</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Weekar Younus Raja, Zulfiqar Ali Bhat, Ishtiyaq Ahmad Chashoo &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, J&amp;amp;K &amp;ndash; 190006, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mahendrakumar M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nirmalraj S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ravikumar M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bharath B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seeni S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Perinbam K</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognostic, Phytochemical and Physicochemical Investigations of Hypericum hookerianum Wight &amp; Arn. (Hypericaceae) of Palni Hills, India</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hypericum hookerianum</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Palni Hills.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physiochemistry</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/171</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">750-756</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Hypericum hookerianum&lt;/em&gt; Wight and Arn. (Hooker&amp;rsquo;s wort) is a lesser known unfamiliar yet critically endangered native therapeutically active native medicinal plant. It is being characterized by the presence of various secretory glands. &lt;strong&gt;Methodology:&lt;/strong&gt; In this present study, characterization of the plant in terms of morphology, anatomy and histochemistry of tissues and phytochemicals and antimicrobial potentials were made. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The epidermal layer contains oil cells while histochemistry showed the presence of the secondary metabolites. Qualitative analysis indicated presence of maximum phytocompounds in the high polar ethanolic extract; flavonoids, anthocyanin and phenol are prominently present and quantified. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The results suggest that the less studied herb, &lt;em&gt;H. hookerianum&lt;/em&gt; is a multifaceted high value species having a wide range of phytochemicals with abundant medicinal properties.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">750</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mahendrakumar M&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Nirmalraj S&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ravikumar M&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Bharath B&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Seeni S&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Perinbam K&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;PG and Research Department of Plant Biology and Plant Biotechnology, Government Arts College for Men, (Autonomous), Nandanam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;School of Biosciences, Mar Athanasios College for Advanced Studies (MACFAST), Tiruvalla, Kerala, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pratik Kumar Chatterjee</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vinodini Nithyananda Madom Anantharaya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rashmi Kaup Shiva</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nayanatara Arun Kumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sneha Bhoja Shetty</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suman Veerappa Budihal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mangalore Ramesh Bhat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kunal</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pre and Post-Treatment Effects: Estimation of Serum Testosterone and Lipid Peroxidation Levels on Moringa olifera Extract Induced Cadmium Exposed Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cadmium</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MDA</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morniga olifera extract.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oxidative stress</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Testosterone</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/185</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">846-849</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Cadmium (Cd), is a toxic metal which affects various organs including testis. It produces oxidative stress leading to male infertility. Moringa tree, is a natural plant with a great therapeutic value and hence it is found to be effective both in prevention and treatment of various conditions including reducing toxicity of hazardous materials. The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of Pre-and Post-treatment with &lt;em&gt;Moringa oliefera&lt;/em&gt; leaf extract (MoE) on testis in cadmium exposed rats. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study was conducted at the Department of Physiology, Kasturba Medical College (KMC), Mangalore, Manipal University (MU), Karnataka, India, between (2011-2013). This prospective study consisted a total of 30 rats. These were divided into 5 groups with group I being the control. Data were presented as mean &amp;plusmn;SD. student&amp;rsquo;s t test was used as statistical tool, &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.05 considered statistically significant. Group IV and V were pre-and post-MoE treated groups respectively. Serum testosterone and tissue lipid peroxidation levels were estimated.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Treatment with MoE prior and after administration of cadmium, respectively showed an increase significantly in the testosterone levels and a decrease in the tissue lipid peroxidation as compared to the group treated with cadmium. However, the pre-treatment showed better results in combatting the toxic effects of cadmium. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; This study shows that &lt;em&gt;Moringa olifera&lt;/em&gt; leaf extract altered the testosterone and tissue lipid peroxidation levels. Also, pre-treatment showed better outcome.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;ephox-sloth-bin ephox-sloth-bin_22207819311505710213931&quot; style=&quot;position: fixed; top: 0px; width: 100px; height: 100px; overflow: hidden; opacity: 0; left: -100000px;&quot; contenteditable=&quot;true&quot; aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot;&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;ephox-sloth-bin ephox-sloth-bin_22207819311505710213931&quot; style=&quot;position: fixed; top: 0px; width: 100px; height: 100px; overflow: hidden; opacity: 0; left: -100000px;&quot; aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot;&gt;Background: Cadmium (Cd), is a toxic metal which affects various organs including testis.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;ephox-sloth-bin ephox-sloth-bin_22207819311505710213931&quot; style=&quot;position: fixed; top: 0px; width: 100px; height: 100px; overflow: hidden; opacity: 0; left: -100000px;&quot; aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot;&gt;It produces oxidative stress leading to male infertility. Moringa tree, is a natural plant with&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;ephox-sloth-bin ephox-sloth-bin_22207819311505710213931&quot; style=&quot;position: fixed; top: 0px; width: 100px; height: 100px; overflow: hidden; opacity: 0; left: -100000px;&quot; aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot;&gt;a great therapeutic value and hence it is found to be effective both in prevention and treatment&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;ephox-sloth-bin ephox-sloth-bin_22207819311505710213931&quot; style=&quot;position: fixed; top: 0px; width: 100px; height: 100px; overflow: hidden; opacity: 0; left: -100000px;&quot; aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot;&gt;of various conditions including reducing toxicity of hazardous materials. The aim of the&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;ephox-sloth-bin ephox-sloth-bin_22207819311505710213931&quot; style=&quot;position: fixed; top: 0px; width: 100px; height: 100px; overflow: hidden; opacity: 0; left: -100000px;&quot; aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot;&gt;present study was to examine the effects of Pre-and Post-treatment with Moringa oliefera&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;ephox-sloth-bin ephox-sloth-bin_22207819311505710213931&quot; style=&quot;position: fixed; top: 0px; width: 100px; height: 100px; overflow: hidden; opacity: 0; left: -100000px;&quot; aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot;&gt;leaf extract (MoE) on testis in cadmium exposed rats. Materials and Methods: The present&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;ephox-sloth-bin ephox-sloth-bin_22207819311505710213931&quot; style=&quot;position: fixed; top: 0px; width: 100px; height: 100px; overflow: hidden; opacity: 0; left: -100000px;&quot; aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot;&gt;study was conducted at the Department of Physiology, Kasturba Medical College (KMC),&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;ephox-sloth-bin ephox-sloth-bin_22207819311505710213931&quot; style=&quot;position: fixed; top: 0px; width: 100px; height: 100px; overflow: hidden; opacity: 0; left: -100000px;&quot; aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot;&gt;Mangalore, Manipal University (MU), Karnataka, India, between (2011-2013). This prospective&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;ephox-sloth-bin ephox-sloth-bin_22207819311505710213931&quot; style=&quot;position: fixed; top: 0px; width: 100px; height: 100px; overflow: hidden; opacity: 0; left: -100000px;&quot; aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot;&gt;study consisted a total of 30 rats. These were divided into 5 groups with group I being&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;ephox-sloth-bin ephox-sloth-bin_22207819311505710213931&quot; style=&quot;position: fixed; top: 0px; width: 100px; height: 100px; overflow: hidden; opacity: 0; left: -100000px;&quot; aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot;&gt;the control. Data were presented as mean &amp;plusmn;SD. student&amp;rsquo;s t test was used as statistical tool,&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;ephox-sloth-bin ephox-sloth-bin_22207819311505710213931&quot; style=&quot;position: fixed; top: 0px; width: 100px; height: 100px; overflow: hidden; opacity: 0; left: -100000px;&quot; aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot;&gt;p&amp;lt;0.05 considered statistically significant. Group IV and V were pre-and post-MoE treated&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;ephox-sloth-bin ephox-sloth-bin_22207819311505710213931&quot; style=&quot;position: fixed; top: 0px; width: 100px; height: 100px; overflow: hidden; opacity: 0; left: -100000px;&quot; aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot;&gt;groups respectively. Serum testosterone and tissue lipid peroxidation levels were estimated.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;ephox-sloth-bin ephox-sloth-bin_22207819311505710213931&quot; style=&quot;position: fixed; top: 0px; width: 100px; height: 100px; overflow: hidden; opacity: 0; left: -100000px;&quot; aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot;&gt;Results: Treatment with MoE prior and after administration of cadmium, respectively showed&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;ephox-sloth-bin ephox-sloth-bin_22207819311505710213931&quot; style=&quot;position: fixed; top: 0px; width: 100px; height: 100px; overflow: hidden; opacity: 0; left: -100000px;&quot; aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot;&gt;an increase significantly in the testosterone levels and a decrease in the tissue lipid peroxidation&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;ephox-sloth-bin ephox-sloth-bin_22207819311505710213931&quot; style=&quot;position: fixed; top: 0px; width: 100px; height: 100px; overflow: hidden; opacity: 0; left: -100000px;&quot; aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot;&gt;as compared to the group treated with cadmium. However, the pre-treatment showed&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;ephox-sloth-bin ephox-sloth-bin_22207819311505710213931&quot; style=&quot;position: fixed; top: 0px; width: 100px; height: 100px; overflow: hidden; opacity: 0; left: -100000px;&quot; aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot;&gt;better results in combatting the toxic effects of cadmium. Conclusion: This study shows that&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;ephox-sloth-bin ephox-sloth-bin_22207819311505710213931&quot; style=&quot;position: fixed; top: 0px; width: 100px; height: 100px; overflow: hidden; opacity: 0; left: -100000px;&quot; aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot;&gt;Moringa olifera leaf extract altered the testosterone and tissue lipid peroxidation levels. Also,&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;ephox-sloth-bin ephox-sloth-bin_22207819311505710213931&quot; style=&quot;position: fixed; top: 0px; width: 100px; height: 100px; overflow: hidden; opacity: 0; left: -100000px;&quot; aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot;&gt;pre-treatment showed better outcome.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">846</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pratik Kumar Chatterjee, Vinodini Nithyananda Madom Anantharaya, Rashmi Kaup Shiva, Nayanatara Arun Kumar, Sneha Bhoja Shetty, Suman Veerappa Budihal, Mangalore Ramesh Bhat, Kunal &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Department of Physiology, Kasturba Medical College (KMC), Mangalore-575004, Manipal University (MU), Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sajad Hassan Wani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hilal Ahmad Bhat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Javid Iqbal Mir</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shahid Ali Akbar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sajad Un Nabi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Desh Beer Singh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nazeer Ahmad</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quantitative Analysis of Irigenin in the Different Species of Iris Plant by RP- HPLC and its Efficacy Against Different Plant Pathogens</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bio efficacy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Irigenin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Iris Plant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">RP-HPLC</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/377</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s23-s27</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Irigenin belongs to family of &lt;em&gt;isoflavonoids&lt;/em&gt;, isolated from &lt;em&gt;Iris Plant&lt;/em&gt; of Kashmir Himalaya. A rapid and specific reverse phase high pressure chromatography (RP HPLC) method for quantitative analysis of irigenin in the different species of &lt;em&gt;Iris Plant&lt;/em&gt; was developed. The samples were analyzed on RP-C&lt;sub&gt;18&lt;/sub&gt; e column (chromolith, 5&amp;mu;m, 4.6&amp;times;100 mm). The HPLC system was operated at ambient temperature (&amp;plusmn;30c). The mobile phase consisted of methanol: water. The detecting wavelength at 260 nm and flow rate of 0.6 ml/min. The standard irigenin was diluted using the mobile phase at a known concentration of 1mg/ml; the sample was filtered through sample filter of 0.45 &amp;mu; pore size. The filtrate was introduced on to a reverse phase analytical column. The content of irigenin in the different species of &lt;em&gt;Iris Plant&lt;/em&gt; was determined. The HPLC showed an excellent performance in separating the irigenin in different species of &lt;em&gt;Iris Plant&lt;/em&gt;. Furthermore, the antipathogenic activity. The test compound at each respective concentration was found to be statistically superior against scab. Furthermore, the test compound @ 5000 ppm proved significantly most effective by providing (82.49%) inhibition in the mycelia growth of apple scab. It was followed by fusarium (77.27%) at 5000 ppm. Lowest reduction in mycelia growth (65.78%) was recorded in &lt;em&gt;marssonina&lt;/em&gt; and did not differ significantly from Alternaria (67.47%) at 5000 ppm. Furthermore, lowest inhibition of mycelia growth was recorded at 1000 ppm. Similar trend was recorded for rest of the pathogens i.e. highest reduction at 5000 ppm, lowest at 1000 ppm and at 2000, 3000 and 4000 ppm it ranges between the first two but increases with increase in concentration. From this study irigenin is potent compound which can be used for controlling the growth of respective pathogens.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s23</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sajad Hassan Wani&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;*, Hilal Ahmad Bhat&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Javid Iqbal Mir&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Shahid Ali Akbar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sajad un Nabi&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Desh Beer Singh&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Nazeer Ahmad&lt;sup&gt;5 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Biotechnology division, Central Institute of Temperate Horticulture- ICAR, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Entomology division, Central Institute of Temperate Horticulture- ICAR, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Plant Pathology, Central Institute of Temperate Horticulture- ICAR, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Central Institute of Temperate Horticulture- ICAR, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Sheri Kashmir University of Agriculture Science and Technology Kashmir (SKUAST-K), Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Roohollah Sobhani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amarta Kumar Pal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Atanu Bhattacharjee</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sivaprasad Mitra</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kripamoy Aguan</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Screening Indigenous Medicinal Plants of Northeast India for Their Anti-Alzheimer’s Properties</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">AChE-inhibition</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alzheimer’s</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ellman assay</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kinetics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medicinal plants</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">46-54</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Alzheimer&amp;rsquo;s disease (AD) is a progressive neurologic disease of the brain that affects intellectual abilities, reasoning and memory. Acetylcholine (ACh) is involved in the maintenance of cognitive process. Pathologically, ACh production is compromised in the brains of AD affected people. Presence of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in the synaptic cleft, which hydrolyzes ACh, further decreases the ACh-levels, and thereby, additionally compromises cognition. The tribal people of North East India have been using indigenous plants as traditional medicine for brain disorders. We assayed whether the plants used in the traditional tribal knowledge for the treatment of brain disorders might contain better AChE-inhibitors. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;We collected 10 traditional medicinal plants from Northeast India. A total of 39 plant extracts were prepared using three solvent systems. The Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity was measured with Ellman method. The experiment was done in triplicate for each level of inhibitor. The activity was measured at 412 nm wavelength using Plate Reader. The standard student t-test was used to show significant difference in IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values between extracts. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The result are reported based on Km, Vmax, IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; (&lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;g/&lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;l), percentage inhibition and inhibition pattern. Two extracts had competitive inhibition, 11 extracts had mixed inhibition, 2 extracts had non-competitive inhibition, 11 extracts had uncompetitive inhibition and 4 extracts did not provide any proper pattern. The IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; for these plant extracts were at the range of 0.51-12.4 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;g/&lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;l. Notably, Cinnamomum camphora (leaf: chloroform), Litsea glutinosa (stem; chloroform), and Litsea glutinosa (stem; methanol) showed IC50 values of 0.51, 0.53 &amp;amp; 0.81 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;g/&lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;l, respectively.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">46</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Roohollah Sobhani&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Amarta Kumar Pal&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Atanu Bhattacharjee&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Sivaprasad Mitra&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Kripamoy Aguan&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, North Eastern Hill University, Shillong-793022, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, North Eastern Hill University, Shillong-793022, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, North Eastern Hill University, Shillong-793022, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, North Eastern Hill University, Shillong-793022, INDIA. &lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, North Eastern Hill University, Shillong-793022, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Girish H V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vinod A B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dhananjaya B L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Satish Kumar D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Senthil Duraisamy</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Anticancer Potential of Pavonia odorata extract on Human Breast (MD-MB-231), Prostate (PC-3) and Lung (Calu-6) Cancer cell lines</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alternative medicine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-cancer</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Drugs</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Indian Medicinal plants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inhibition.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">09/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">28-30</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;margin-left: -9pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; A huge reservoir of bioactive compounds exists in many species of plants, only a small percentage of which have been examined and continued to be an important source of anticancer agents. Worldwide effects are ongoing to identify new anticancer compounds from plants. With the current decline in the number of new molecular entities from the pharmaceutical industry, novel anticancer agents are being sought from traditional medicines. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; In the present study we investigated the efficacy of methanol extracts of &lt;em&gt;Pavonia odorata, &lt;/em&gt;for its clonogenic inhibition on Human Breast cancer (MD-MB-231), Prostate cancer (PC-3) and Lung cancer (Calu-6) cell lines. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The cytotoxic effect was evaluated by MTT assay. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The methanol extract of &lt;em&gt;P. odorata &lt;/em&gt;showed significant cytotoxicity against MD-MB-231 and Calu-6, when compared to PC-3cells&lt;em&gt;. &lt;/em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The methanol extracts of &lt;em&gt;P. odorata, &lt;/em&gt;showed effective cytotoxic activities in a dose dependent manner. Future work will be interesting to know the chemical composition and also better understanding the mechanism of action will help in developing it as drug for therapeutic application.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">28</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Girish H V&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Vinod A B&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Dhananjaya B L&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Satish Kumar D&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; and Senthil Duraisamy&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Phytochemistry, G7 Synergon Private Limited, Tatanagar, Sahakarnagar Post, Bangalore, India.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Toxinology/Toxicology and Drug Discovery Unit, Centre for Emerging Technologies (CET), Jain University, Kanakpura Taluk, Ramanagara-562112, India.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sachin Kumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ramesh B. Bodla</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Himangini Bansal</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant Activity of Leaf Extract of Aegle marmelos Correa ex Roxb.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aegle marmelos</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cation scavenging</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Free radical scavenging</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reducing power.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oct 2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">447-450</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Leaf extracts of &lt;em&gt;Aegle marmelos&lt;/em&gt; are reported to have hypoglycemic and anticancer effects. While a lot of information is available about the antioxidant activity of fruit of&lt;em&gt; A. marmelos&lt;/em&gt; not much information is available about the antioxidant activity of the leaf of&lt;em&gt; A. marmelos&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;The primary objective if this study was to ascertain the antioxidant activity of leaf extract of &lt;em&gt;A. marmelos&lt;/em&gt; (AME). &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; AME was evaluated for total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) by Folin-Ciocalteau reagent method and by aluminium chloride method, respectively. Antioxidant activity of AME was assessed by FRAP assay, DPPH assay, ABTS cation scavenging activity and by reducing power determination. &lt;strong&gt;Results&lt;/strong&gt;: High levels of TPC and TFC were found in AME which showed antioxidant activity comparable to vitamin C. Significant correlation between TPC, TFC and antioxidant activity of AME was found when Pearson&amp;rsquo;s correlation is applied. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; This study proved that the leaves of&lt;em&gt; A. marmelos&lt;/em&gt; have high antioxidant component.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">447</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sachin Kumar&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Ramesh B. Bodla&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Himangini Bansal&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, DIPSAR, New Delhi, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, DIPSAR, New Delhi, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peraman Muthukumaran</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nachimuthu Saraswathy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vijayasekar Aswitha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ramesh Balan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Venkatesh Babu Gokhul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Palanikumar Indumathi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sivasubramani Yuvapriya</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Assessment of Total Phenolic, Flavonoid, Tannin Content and Phytochemical Screening of Leaf and Flower Extracts from Peltophorum pterocarpum (DC.) Backer ex K.Heyne: a comparative study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peltophorum pterocarpum</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phenolic content</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemicals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Solvent extraction.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tannin</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">140-143</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Total phenolic, flavonoid and tannin content of leaf and flower extract of &lt;em&gt;Peltophorum pterocarpum&lt;/em&gt; (DC.) Backer ex K.Heyne was compared.&lt;strong&gt; Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To explore total phenolic, flavonoid and tannin content of both leaf and flower extracts of &lt;em&gt;Peltophorum pterocarpum &lt;/em&gt;(DC) K Heyne. &lt;strong&gt;Method: &lt;/strong&gt;Initially, collected fresh leaves and flower samples were shade dried and extracted with various solvents such as aqueous methanol (1:1), ethyl acetate, ethanol and aqueous. Qualitative analysis was performed for various phytochemical. Then the total phenolic content, total flavonoid content and total tannin content was estimated. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; In preliminary phyto-chemical examination of various solvent extracts of both leaf and flowers of &lt;em&gt;P. pterocarpum&lt;/em&gt; revealed that the presence of various phytochemicals such as phlobatannins, terpenoids, alkaloids, saponins, tannin, reducing sugars, phenols and steroids. In phtyochemical evaluation, when compare with all other solvents, Ethanolic extracts shows maximum extractive value. In case of ethyl acetate, it shows very low extractive value in all three phyto-chemicals. In phytochemical evaluation studies, total phenolic content of leaves shows highest in ethanolic extract (33.17 &amp;plusmn; 4.72 mg/g) and lowest in ethyl acetate extract from flower (4.71 &amp;plusmn; 0.07 mg/g), Similarly, flavonoid content of leaves shows highest in ethanolic extract (1.43 &amp;plusmn; 0.01 mg/g) and lowest in aqueous extract of flower (0.23 &amp;plusmn; 0.09 mg/g) but in case of tannin content, flower extracts shows higher tannin content in ethanolic extract (844.59 &amp;plusmn; 10.38 mg/g) whereas lowest tannin content in leaf ethyl acetate extract (9.54 &amp;plusmn; 6.98 mg/g).&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; This is first report of comparative studies on total phenolic, flavonoid and tannin content of various solvent extracts both leaves and flowers from &lt;em&gt;Peltophorum pterocarpum&lt;/em&gt; (DC) K Heyne.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">140</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Peraman Muthukumaran&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;, Nachimuthu Saraswathy, Vijayasekar Aswitha, Ramesh Balan, Venkatesh Babu Gokhul, Palanikumar Indumathi and Sivasubramani Yuvapriya&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Biotechnology, Kumaraguru College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India - 641 049&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reshmi B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thangavelu Lakshmi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Awareness of Complimentary and Alternative Medicine- A Cross Sectional Survey Among Pharmacists</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">awareness</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Complementary and alternative medicine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">knowledge</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pharmacist</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">593-594</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim: &lt;/strong&gt;To determine the prevalence of complementary and alternative medicine among pharmacists. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and method:&lt;/strong&gt; This survey was a cross sectional study. A set of 30 questionnaires containing 15 questions where given to various pharmacists of different colleges. Datas were collected and statistics was done using SPSS software and represented in graph form. &lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) by the U.S. population increased significantly in the past 2 decades. The purpose of this study was to determine, among the Indian community, the prevalence and utilisation patterns of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), attitudes associated with CAM use and communication patterns of CAM users.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The knowledge about and use of CAM is wide among pharmacists . In- depth studies on the knowledge and use of CAM among other health care professionals and among ethnic minorities are urgently needed and may help to better manage the treatment of minor disorders as well as chronic diseases.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">593</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;B. Reshmi ,Thangavelu Lakshmi. &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College &amp;amp; Hospitals, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lavanya Kakarla</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rajath Othayoth</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mahendran Botlagunta</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Comparative Biochemical Studies on Indian Sedges Cyperus scariosus R.Br and Cyperus rotundus L.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EDAX (Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis) and COX-2 (Cyclooxygenase- 2).</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GC-MS (Gas chromatography and Mass Spectroscopy)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy)</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">598-609</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cyperus scariosus&lt;/em&gt; R.Br and &lt;em&gt;Cyperus rotundus &lt;/em&gt;L are well known Indian medicinal plants in ayurveda and herbal industry. These two species are often treated as synonymous to each other, although they grow in different agro climatic conditions. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;In the present study, we made an attempt on comparative biochemical studies among these two species by using various spectroscopic, analytical and &lt;em&gt;in silico&lt;/em&gt; molecular docking studies.&lt;strong&gt; Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Rhizome methanolic extracts of both the species were subjected to GC-MS and elemental analysis to identify the presence of phytochemical constituents and trace elements respectively. Following confirmation, the identified compounds were subjected to molecular docking analysis using anti-inflammatory protein COX-2 as the target receptor. Further these extracts were encapsulated into biodegradable chitosan nanoparticles and they were characterised using SEM and FT-IR analysis. Finally, the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of these extract loaded nanoparticles were evaluated using &lt;em&gt;in vitro &lt;/em&gt;assays.&lt;strong&gt; Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Compounds present in both plant extracts form strong hydrogen bond interactions with COX-2. SEM analysis of &lt;em&gt;C. scariosus &lt;/em&gt;showed chitosan nanoparticles are spherical in shape. Whereas &lt;em&gt;C. rotundus&lt;/em&gt; forms aggregates, although they are well-dispersed in water following lyophilisation. FT-IR analysis showed that both plant extracts have different compounds, which is evident from the wavelength difference and their shift pattern as compared to blank nanoparticles. In spite of the differences, both of the drug encapsulated plant extracts showed good antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;C. scariosus&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;C. rotundus&lt;/em&gt; are different, but similar with some of the phytochemical constituents and pharmaceutical values.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">598</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lavanya Kakarla, Rajath Othayoth and Mahendran Botlagunta* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Biomedical Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, K L E F University, Vaddeswaram, Guntur-522502, Andhra Pradesh, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mrinmoy Nag</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pulok k Mukherjee</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rajarshi Biswas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Joydeb Chanda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amit Kar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evaluation of Antimicrobial Potential of Some Indian Ayurvedic Medicinal Plants</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ananas comosus Merrill</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Annona squamosa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Capsicum annuum cayenne</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stereospermum suaveolens Roxb</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Viscum articulatum Burm.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">525-533</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Stereospermum suaveolens&lt;/em&gt; Roxb., &lt;em&gt;Viscum articulatum&lt;/em&gt; Burm., &lt;em&gt;Annona squamosa, Capsicum annuum&lt;/em&gt; cayenne, &lt;em&gt;Ananas comosus&lt;/em&gt; Merrill. are used for the management of microbial infection in Ayurveda. The present study was designed to standardize the extract of &lt;em&gt;S. suaveolens&lt;/em&gt; bark (SSB), &lt;em&gt;V. articulatum&lt;/em&gt; aerial part (VAAP), &lt;em&gt;A. squamosa&lt;/em&gt; leaf (ASL), &lt;em&gt;C. annuum&lt;/em&gt; fruit (CACF), &lt;em&gt;A. comosus&lt;/em&gt; fruit (ACF) and performed antibacterial activity. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The antibacterial activity of the five extracts were evaluated against certain bacteria such as &lt;em&gt;B. subtilis, B. cereus, S. aureus &lt;/em&gt;(gram positive); &lt;em&gt;E. coli, S. typhi,&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;P. aureugenosa&lt;/em&gt; (gram negative) by disc diffusion method, time course assay, pH sensitivity assay and minimum inhibitory concentration (MICs) through broth micro-dilution method. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The plants extracts VAAP, ASL, and CACF showed potent inhibitory activity against &lt;em&gt;S. aureus&lt;/em&gt; with MIC 728, 742, and 698 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;g ml&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;, respectively, while CACF showed inhibitory activity against &lt;em&gt;B. subtilis&lt;/em&gt; with MIC 690 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;g ml&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;. The results further demonstrated that the inhibitory activity of CACF against &lt;em&gt;E. coli &lt;/em&gt;with MIC 760 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;g ml&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;. &lt;em&gt;P. aeruginosa&lt;/em&gt; was inhibited by ASL and CACF with MIC 1100 and 1120 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;g ml&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;, respectively. The ASL showed notable MBC against the tested microorganism. Moreover, all extracts were completely inactivated bacterial strains (except &lt;em&gt;B. cereus, S. typhi&lt;/em&gt;) within 2-10 h of exposure, determined by time course assay. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The outcomes of our study elucidate that standardized extracts of &lt;em&gt;A. comosus, A. squamosa, C. annuum, S. suaveolens, &lt;/em&gt;and&lt;em&gt; V. articulatum&lt;/em&gt; may be used as natural antimicrobial agents.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">525</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mrinmoy Nag, Pulok k Mukherjee *, Rajarshi Biswas, Joydeb Chanda, Amit Kar &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata-700032, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Isaac Biggs</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Joseph Sirdaarta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alan White</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ian Edwin Cock</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GC-MS Analysis of Commiphora molmol Oleo-Resin Extracts which Inhibit the growth of Bacterial Triggers of Selected Autoimmune Diseases.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ankylosing spondylitis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Commiphora molmol</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Monoterpenoid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Multiple sclerosis.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Myrrh</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">rheumatoid arthritis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sesquiterpenoid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terpenoid</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">191-202</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Myrrh has been used traditionally for the inhibition of microbial growth and for the treatment of rheumatic diseases. Despite this, myrrh extracts are yet to be tested for the ability to inhibit the growth of the bacterial triggers of autoimmune inflammatory diseases. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Solvent extracts prepared from commercially obtained myrrh resin were analysed for the ability to inhibit the growth of bacterial species associated with initiating rheumatoid arthritis (&lt;em&gt;P. mirabilis&lt;/em&gt;), ankylosing spondylitis (&lt;em&gt;K. pneumoniae&lt;/em&gt;) and multiple sclerosis (&lt;em&gt;A. baylyi&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;P. aeruginosa&lt;/em&gt;) by disc diffusion assay, and quantified by MIC determination. Toxicity was determined by &lt;em&gt;Artemia franciscana &lt;/em&gt;bioassay. The most potent inhibitory extract was investigated using non-targeted GC-MS head space analysis (with screening against a compound database) for the identification and characterization of individual components in the crude plant extracts. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;Methanolic myrrh extract inhibited the growth of all bacterial species tested. The growth inhibition of this extract was particularly notable against &lt;em&gt;P. mirabilis&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;K. pneumoniae&lt;/em&gt;, with MIC values substantially &amp;lt; 1000 &amp;mu;g/mL for both reference and clinical bacterial strains. Indeed, the MIC values of the methanolic extract against &lt;em&gt;P. mirabilis &lt;/em&gt;reference and clinical strains were 572 and 463 &amp;mu;g/mL respectively. The methanolic extract also inhibited the growth of &lt;em&gt;A. baylyi &lt;/em&gt;(MIC approximately 3000 &amp;mu;g/mL) and &lt;em&gt;P. aeruginosa &lt;/em&gt;(MIC approximately 1800 &amp;mu;g/mL). However, the MICs against these bacteria was indicative of only moderate inhibitory activity. The aqueous, ethyl acetate, chloroform and hexane extracts also inhibited the growth of all bacterial species, albeit with moderate (MIC values 1000-5000 &amp;mu;g/mL) to low efficacy (MIC values &amp;gt;5000 &amp;mu;g/mL) against all bacterial species. All myrrh extracts were non-toxicin the &lt;em&gt;Artemia franciscana &lt;/em&gt;bioassay, with LC50 values substantially above 1000 &amp;mu;g/mL. Non-biased GC-MS headspace&amp;nbsp;analysis of the methanolic extracti dentified a high diversity of monoterpenoids and sesquiterpenoid. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The lack of toxicity and the inhibitory activity of the methanolic myrrh extract against microbial triggers of rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis and multiple sclerosis indicates its potential in the treatment and prevention of these diseases.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">191</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Isaac Biggs&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Joseph Sirdaarta&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Alan White&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;,Ian Edwin Cock&lt;sup&gt;1,2*&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;School of Natural Sciences, Nathan Campus, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Rd, Nathan, Queensland 4111, AUSTRALIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Environmental Futures Research Institute, Nathan Campus, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Rd, Nathan, Queensland 4111, AUSTRALIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kumar Avinash Bharati</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Identification of Indian Sida through mericarp</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">India</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mericarp</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sida</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sida cordifolia.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oct 2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">490-496</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;some of the species of&lt;em&gt; Sida&lt;/em&gt; are being used as medicine in traditional therapies and available in the market as broken plant parts. Therefore, adulteration is very common. A study was conducted to identify the Indian &lt;em&gt;Sida&lt;/em&gt; L. through morphological features of mericarp found in the market samples. &lt;strong&gt;Methodology:&lt;/strong&gt; the fruits of &lt;em&gt;Sida&lt;/em&gt; are collected from field in flowering and fruiting stage. The identity of the species were determined and dried mature fruit (schizocarp) of specimens were dissected and studied under compound microscope. The market samples were purchased from various parts of the India and fruits were investigated to match the key characters have been found during the study. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; mericarp of &lt;em&gt;Sida&lt;/em&gt; possess huge diversity and it is a reliable character for identification. Each species of &lt;em&gt;Sida&lt;/em&gt; has unique mericarp structure. However, some of the species like, &lt;em&gt;Sida alba &lt;/em&gt;have four different types of mericarp but they different from mericarps of other species. I have come across with 27 different types of mericarps in Indian &lt;em&gt;Sida.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; mericarp morphology is a key character to determine the identity of the species. Based on mericarp features a bracketed dichotomous key has been prepared for identification. The species of Indian &lt;em&gt;Sida&lt;/em&gt; may be identified the help of mericarp morphology.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">490</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Kumar Avinash Bharati&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Central National Herbarium, Botanical Survey of India, Howrah, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Badarinath Druvarao Kulkarni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Samim Sultana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mayuri Bora</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ishita Dutta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Padmaa Milaap Paarakh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vedamurthy Ankala Basappa.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In vitro Cytotoxicity Studies of Zn (Zinc) Nanoparticles Synthesized from Abutilon indicum L. against Human Cervical Cancer (HeLa) Cell Lines.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abutilon indicum</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cervical cancer</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytotoxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MTT Assay</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zn nanoparticles</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">127-131</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; The Zn nanoparticles synthesized from the plant sources are ecofriendly and are potent anticancer agents. &lt;strong&gt;Objective&lt;/strong&gt;: The objective of the present work was to evaluate &lt;em&gt;In vitr&lt;/em&gt;o cytotoxic activity of Zn nanoparticles green synthezised from &lt;em&gt;Abutilon indicu&lt;/em&gt;m extract against HeLa cell lines (cervical cancer). &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The aqueous extract is prepared by cold extraction (maceration) using water as a solvent. Phytochemical analysis was done by using the standard procedures. Aqueous extract of &lt;em&gt;A. indicum&lt;/em&gt; was used for synthesis of Zn nanoparticles. The nanoparticles were characterized by UV-Visible spectrometry and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. &lt;em&gt;In vitro&lt;/em&gt; cytotoxicity studies of Zn nanoparticles were done by MTT assay using HeLa cell lines. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The preliminary phytochemical results revealed that the aqueous extract of &lt;em&gt;A. indicum&lt;/em&gt; contains broad spectrum of secondary metabolites like Tannins, Saponins, Glycosides, Flavonoids, Anthroquinones, Terpenoids and Steroids. The U.V spectrophotometeric analysis of Zn nanoparticles displayed maximum absorption at 270 nm and scanning electron microscopic studies showed that the nanoparticles size ranges from 50-500 nm. The MTT assay results revealed that the of Zn nanoparticles exhibits potent cytotoxicity against HeLa cell lines with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value of 45.82 &amp;mu;g/ml. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Thus the present study concludes that Zn nanoparticles can be used as a potent drug in alternative therapy for treating the cervical cancer patients.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">127</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Badarinath Druvarao Kulkarni&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Samim Sultana&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Mayuri Bora&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Ishita Dutta&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Padmaa Milaap Paarakh&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Vedamurthy Ankala Basappa&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Karnatak University, Dharwad, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biotechnology, The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, The Oxford College of Pharmacy, Bangalore-560 068, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Javaid Ashraf Nowshehri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zulfiqar Ali Bhat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohammad Yaseen Shah</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognostic Standardisation and Phytochemical Evaluation on the Seeds of Two Vitis Vinefera L. Varieties Grown in Kashmir Valley, India</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grapes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hussaini</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Macroscopy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">microscopy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physicochemical</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sahibi.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oct 2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">465-470</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Grape (&lt;em&gt;Vitis vinifera L.&lt;/em&gt;) is one of the largest fruit crop widely grown throughout the world and their seeds are considered a relevant source of polyphenol compounds.&lt;strong&gt; Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To carry out phytochemical and pharmacognostic evaluation of the seeds of &lt;em&gt;Vitis vinifera&lt;/em&gt; L. Var sahibi and hussaini, family vitiaceae as per WHO guidelines. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; In present investigation, the detailed pharmacognostic studies were carried out in terms of organoleptic properties, macroscopical, microscopical characters, physicochemical parameters, preliminary phytochemical screening for major groups of compounds and other WHO recommended parameters for standardization of the seeds of &lt;em&gt;Vitis vinifera&lt;/em&gt; L. Var. sahibi and hussaini. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Macro and microscopic characters of &lt;em&gt;Vitis vinifera&lt;/em&gt; L. seeds Var. sahibi and hussaini were analyzed. Physicochemical parameters such as foreign matter, extractive values, ash content, pH and fluorescent behaviour of seed powder were done by using WHO recommended parameters. A preliminary phytochemical screening was done and revealed the presence of different phytoconstituents like carbohydrates, flavonoids, glycosides, tannins, sterols and fixed oil. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; This is the first report of its kind on the pharmacognostic studies of &lt;em&gt;Vitis vinifera&lt;/em&gt; L. seeds Var. sahibi and hussaini and will serve as valuable source of information towards establishing pharmacognostic standards on identification, purity, quality and classification.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">465</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Javaid Ashraf Nowshehri&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Zulfiqar Ali Bhat&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Mohammad Yaseen Shah&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Raveesha Peeriga</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chandrasekhar Kothapalli Bonnth</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognostical Investigation and Preliminary Phytochemical Screening of Leaves of Myxopyrum Smilacifolium B.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">microscopy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Myxopyrum.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oleaceae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical screening</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">standardization</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">159-164</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective&lt;/strong&gt;: The current study deals with detailed pharmacognostical study and preliminary phytochemical screening of leaf of &lt;em&gt;Myxopyrum smilacifolium&lt;/em&gt; Blume. &lt;em&gt;Myxopyrum smilacifolium&lt;/em&gt; Blume is a twining shrub belongs to the family &lt;em&gt;Oleaceae&lt;/em&gt;. It is used traditionally in the treatment of cough, rheumatism, cephalalgia, notalagia and otopathy. Scrutinization of literature revealed that there is a lack of pharmacognostical and Phytochemical investigations of &lt;em&gt;Myxopyrum smilacifolium&lt;/em&gt; Blume.&lt;strong&gt; Methods&lt;/strong&gt;: The macroscopical and microscopical features were evaluated. The leaves of &lt;em&gt;Myxopyrum smilacifolium&lt;/em&gt; Blume was subjected for successive solvent extraction and further preliminary phytochemical screening was carried out and also the behaviour of powder with different reagents were evaluated by fluorescence analysis. &lt;strong&gt;Results&lt;/strong&gt;: The detailed study of pharmacognostical evaluation showed the presence of thick walled epidermal cells covered with thick cuticle, xylem and phloem elements, Glandular trichome and slightly concave collateral vascular bundles. Preliminary Phytochemical examination revealed the presence of various phytoconstituents viz., alkaloids, glycosides, tannins, saponins, terpenoids, carbohydrates and fixed oils. The fluorescence analysis manifested the behavioral variation of the powdered drug. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The findings of the present study will be a referential information for identification and also useful for standardization of the plant material.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">159</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Raveesha Peeriga,&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; Chandrasekhar Kothapalli Bonnth,&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, V. V. Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gudlavalleru, Andhra Pradesh, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Professor of Chemistry &amp;amp; Director of JNTUA-OTRI, Ananthapur, Andhra Pradesh, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shantha Thirumalai Ramaseshan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Patchaimal Pitchaiah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vandana Bharti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kishore Kumar Ramakrishna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Venkateshwarlu Gaddam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Devesh Tewari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chinmay Rath</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anupam Mangal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Padhi Madan Mohan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dhiman Kartar Singh</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognostical, Phytochemical and Nutritional Evaluation of Glinus oppositifolius (L.) Aug. DC</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antidiabetic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Histochemical studies.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Powder microscopy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">standardization</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thin layer Chromatography.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">09/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">31-36</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;The primary aim of the study was to establish the pharmacognostic standards along with nutritional values on the important medicinal herb &lt;em&gt;Glinus oppositifolius &lt;/em&gt;(L.) Aug&lt;em&gt;. &lt;/em&gt;DC., commonly known as Parpata in South India. &lt;strong&gt;Material and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Pharmacognostical, physicochemical, nutritional evaluation along with the TLC profiling and preliminary phytochemical screening was carried out. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Histological study of different parts of the plant revealed the presence of different cellular structures viz. stem showed the presence of multi cellular to unicellular trichomes, collateral vascular bundles, starch grains etc. Mesophyll of the leaves was embedded with starch grains with clustered calcium oxalate and prism shaped crystals. Anomocytic stomata were present on both the epidermis of the leaf. Powder microscopy exhibited multi cellular trichomes, clustered calcium oxalate, fibres etc. Physicochemical and histochemical studies revealed the presence of various secondary metabolites and different minerals within the acceptable limits. Thin layer chromatographic profiling showed different spots suggesting the presence of specific phytoconstituents in different extracts. The plant also revealed good nutritional value with calorific value of about 245 kcal/100g; Vitamin C 112 mg/100 g and higher amount of calcium etc. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The results are beneficial to establish the quality control parameters of the plant species and may be served as future reference for the identification and authentication of the genuine crude drug and also provide sufficient data to recognize the use of the plant as dietary suppliment.&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">31</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Shantha Thirumalai Ramaseshan&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Patchaimal Pitchaiah&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Prathapa Reddy Maramreddy&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Vandana Bharti&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Kishore Kumar Ramakrishna&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Venkateshwarlu Gaddam&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Devesh Tewari&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Chinmay Rath&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Anupam Mangal&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Padhi Madan Mohan&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; and Dhiman Kartar Singh&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;National Ayurveda Dietetics Research Institute, Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences, Ashoka pillar, Jayanagar, Bangalore-560011, India.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences, Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India, Janakpuri, New Delhi-110058, India.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shantha Thirumalai Ramasheshan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Patchaimal Pitchaiah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prathapa Reddy Maramreddy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vandana Bharti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kishore Kumar Ramakrishana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Venkateshwarlu Gaddam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Devesh Tewari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anupam Kumar Mangal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Madan Mohan Padhi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kartar Singh Dhiman</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognostical Standardization of Goraksha pods: an important Nutritive and antidiabetic Plant</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cluster beans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Goraksha</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pods. Histochemical studies.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oct 2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">424-429</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;Goraksha or cluster beans are an annual legume found throughout India. It is also extensively cultivated for its pods used as vegetable for its high nutritive value, antidiabetic properties and for the source of guargum.&lt;strong&gt; Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Macroscopy, microscopy, powder microscopy, histochemical studies and preliminary phytochemical studies on the pods of Goraksha has been carried out highlighting its importance along with important diagnostic characters, which will help in the identification of pods both in fresh form as well as in dry form. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Study revealed presence of distantly arranged elongated uniseriate warty trichomes in the outer most layer of epidermis, presence of stone cells, simple starch grains and very small calcium oxalate crystals in the hypodermal region. Presence of unevenly thickened row of palisade layer of macro sclereids in the outer most layer of cotyledon region. Phytochemical studies revealed the presence of alkaloids carbohydrates, phenols, proteins, saponins, starch, steroids, and tannins. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The pharmacognostical standardization revealed the presence of various specific characters which are important for the identification of the genuine pods of&lt;em&gt; Cyamopsis tetragonoloba&lt;/em&gt; (L.) Taub.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">424</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Shantha Thirumalai Ramasheshan&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Patchaimal Pitchaiah&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Prathapa Reddy Maramreddy&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Vandana Bharti&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Kishore Kumar Ramakrishana&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Venkateshwarlu Gaddam, Devesh Tewari&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Anupam Kumar Mangal&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Madan Mohan Padhi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Kartar Singh Dhiman&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Regional Ayurveda Research Institute for Metabolic Disorders (CCRAS, Min. of AYUSH) Ashoka pillar, Jayanagar, Bengaluru-560011, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences, Ministry of AYUSH, Govt. of India, Janakpuri, New Delhi-110058, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tanayen Julius Kihdze</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ajayi Abayomi Mayowa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oloro Joseph</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ezeonwumelu Joseph OC</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tanayen Grace Ghaife</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adzu Bulus</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arthur van Aerschot</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gert Laekeman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agaba Amon Ganafa</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical and Antidiabetic Evaluation of the Methanolic Stem Bark Extract of Spathodea campanulata (P. Beauv.) Bignoniaceae</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Saponins</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spathodea campanulata (P. Beauv.) Bignoniaceae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TLC Tannins</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Uganda.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jan/2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">243-249</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;Spathodea campanulata (P. Beauv.) Bignoniaceae &lt;/em&gt;extract&amp;nbsp;(SCE) is one of many herbal medicines&amp;nbsp;used widely in Ugandan traditional&amp;nbsp;medicine for various ailments. Generally most of these herbal&amp;nbsp;medicines&amp;nbsp;are yet to be standardized or have their phytochemical content characterized.&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Method: &lt;/strong&gt;This study identified the secondary metabolites in the stem bark&amp;nbsp;methanolic extract and quantified them. The same extract was subjected&amp;nbsp;to serial solvent fractionation, TLC characterization and antidiabetic testing.&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The secondary metabolites were found to comprise of 7.5% alkaloids,&amp;nbsp;10% flavonoids, 13% tannins and 17% saponins per gram of plant material.&amp;nbsp;The TLC characteristics of the fractions (hexane (HX), ethylacetate (EA)&amp;nbsp;and methanol (ME)) viewed under UV light revealed spots with the following&amp;nbsp;Rf values; the hexane partition gave HX7EA3 (0.96 and 0.68) HX9EA1&amp;nbsp;(0.68 and 0.3), EA1ME9 (0.86 and 0.58), EA3ME7 (0.87), EA7ME3 (0.85)&amp;nbsp;and EA9ME1 (0.85). The ethylacetate partition gave the following HX1EA9 (0.53, 0.34 and 0.18), HX3EA7 (0.59, 0.40 and 0.26). &lt;strong&gt;Discussion: &lt;/strong&gt;All the&amp;nbsp;fractions produced nominal reduction of hyperglycemia. Except hexane&amp;nbsp;fraction at 50 mg/kg and ethylacetate fraction at 200 mg/kg all the fractions&amp;nbsp;had percentage reductions of glucose greater than that of the control at&amp;nbsp;the experimental doses. Although the values of percentage reductions of&amp;nbsp;hyperglycemia by the hexane fraction were apparently dose-dependent,&amp;nbsp;the greatest margin of reduction of hyperglycemia was observed in the&amp;nbsp;residual aqueous fraction. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;It was found that SCE contains&amp;nbsp;valuable phytochemicals in appreciable quantities which are antidiabetic.&amp;nbsp;The residual aqueous fraction is the most potent antihyperglycemic of the&amp;nbsp;solvent fractions.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">243</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tanayen Julius Kihdze&lt;sup&gt;1,3&lt;/sup&gt;, Ajayi Abayomi Mayowa&lt;sup&gt;2,3&lt;/sup&gt;, Oloro Joseph&lt;sup&gt;1,3&lt;/sup&gt;, Ezeonwumelu Joseph OC&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Tanayen Grace Ghaife&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Adzu Bulus&lt;sup&gt;3,4&lt;/sup&gt;, Arthur van Aerschot&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Gert Laekeman&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Agaba Amon Ganafa&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 1410 Mbarara, UGANDA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, NIGERIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Kampala International University, Complementary and Alternative Medicine Research (KIU-CAMRES) group.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;National Institute for Pharmaceutical Research and Development (NIPRD) PMB 21 Abuja, NIGERIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Kampala International University Bushenyi, UGANDA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;KU Leuven&amp;ndash;University of Leuven, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences 3000 BELGIUM.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Beena Shetty</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gayathri Rao</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abhineetha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Niha Banu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Preethika</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sudarshan Reddy</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Study of Protective Action of  Spondias pinnata Bark extract on Rat Liver and Kidney against Etoposide Induced Chemical Stress</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Etoposide</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GSH</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GST</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LPx</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spondias pinnata.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">09/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">24-27</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;System injury, manifested as metabolic dysfunction is a common side effect of chemotherapy. Chemical stress on hepatic and kidney cells can be evaluated by biochemical analysis, including serum aminotransferases, glutathione levels and extent of lipid peroxidation. Combined treatment of chemotherapy along with the natural products such as phytochemicals may be a newer approach to reduce the side effects and betterment of chemotherapy. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;The present study was conducted to assay kidney and liver associated parameters on animals exposed to etoposide, and the protective effect of different doses of &lt;em&gt;Spondias pinnata&lt;/em&gt; bark extract on normal cells. In this study, total 24 male Wistar rats (either sex) aged between 60 to 90 days were considered. Each groups consisted of six rats. Levels of Alanine and Aspartate aminotransferases were estimated using semi-auto analyser and GSH, GST, TAO and LPx by spectrophotometry. &lt;strong&gt;Results and Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Data analyzed using Graph Pad 5.0. Variation in the analyzed parameters were found between control, chemotherapy and &lt;em&gt;Spondias pinnata&lt;/em&gt; groups.&amp;nbsp; Results of the study show that significant increase in TBARS levels indicative of etoposide induced oxidative stress could be prevented by the treatment with &lt;em&gt;S. pinnata&lt;/em&gt;. GST levels also support the preventive action of &lt;em&gt;S. pinnata&lt;/em&gt; against etoposide induced stress. However, TAO and transaminases remain unaltered in the study groups.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">24</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Beena Shetty, Gayathri Rao&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt; Abhineetha, Niha Banu, Preethika and Sudarshan Reddy &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Biochemistry, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal University, India.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cristiane Cardoso Correia Teixeira</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tatiana Pereira de Freitas Cabral</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">João Paulo Barreto de Sousa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Simone de Pádua Teixeira</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jairo Kenupp Bastos</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Luis Alexandre Pedro de Freitas</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Study of Quality Assurance For Peumus Boldus M Products By Botanic Profiling, Extraction Optimization, HPLC Quantification And Antioxidant Assay</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boldine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peumus boldus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognostic evaluation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quantitation.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jan/2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">264-272</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; The boldo leaf has several traditional folk medicinal uses, such as for gallbladder, hepatic problems, digestive disorders, rheumatism and others. In the work reported herein, botanic profiling, extraction optimization by Soxhlet, quantification of boldine by an easy/simple to run HPLC method and antioxidant assay are proposed for the quality assurance of boldo dried leaves, standardized extracts, dried extracts, tablets and capsules.&lt;strong&gt; Materials and Methods; &lt;/strong&gt;In this present work we are studying a systematic approach in the quality assurance study of quality assurance for &lt;em&gt;Peumus boldus&lt;/em&gt; M products by the ascertainment of pharmacobotanic parameters for boldo identification, investigation of the extraction parameters by Soxhlet method, development and validation of an easy/simple to run HPLC method to quantify boldine in the raw drug, extracts, commercial tablets, capsules and coated tablets, and antioxidant assay.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The plant material was submitted to a pharmacognostic evaluation through morpho-anatomical diagnosis, showing that starlike trichomes can be used for boldo authentication. The HPLC validated analytical method is reliable, accurate and precise for boldine quantification. Furthermore, the Soxhlet extraction conditions were optimized.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The methods proposed in this paper can be used for the quality assurance of boldo dried leaves, standardized extracts, dried extracts, tablets and capsules.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">264</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cristiane Cardoso Correia Teixeira, Tatiana Pereira de Freitas Cabral, Jo&amp;atilde;o Paulo Barreto de Sousa, Simone de P&amp;aacute;dua Teixeira, Jairo Kenupp Bastos, Luis Alexandre Pedro de Freitas* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Departamento de Ci&amp;ecirc;ncias Farmac&amp;ecirc;uticas, N&amp;uacute;cleo de Pesquisas em Produtos Naturais e Sint&amp;eacute;ticos, Faculdade de Ci&amp;ecirc;ncias Farmac&amp;ecirc;uticas de Ribeir&amp;atilde;o Preto, Universidade de S&amp;atilde;o Paulo, Via do Caf&amp;eacute;, S/N, 14040-903, Ribeir&amp;atilde;o Preto, SP, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abirami Hariharan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tajuddin Nargis Begum</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohamed Hussain Muhammad Ilyas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hussain Syed Jahangir</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Premkumar Kumpati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shilu Mathew</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Archunan Govindaraju</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ishtiaq Qadri</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Synthesis of Plant Mediated gold Nanoparticles using Azima Tetracantha Lam. Leaves extract and Evaluation of their Antimicrobial Activities</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimicrobial Activity.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Azima tetracantha Leaves Extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biosynthesis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Characterization</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gold Nanoparticles</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oct 2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">507-512</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim: &lt;/strong&gt;The demand for nanoparticles is increasing day by day due to their wide range of applications in various areas including pharmaceutical industry. Nanoparticles are formally synthesized by chemical methods in which the toxic and flammable chemicals are used. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This article reports about an effective, rapid and eco-friendly technique for the fabrication of gold nanoparticles from gold chloride solution using &lt;em&gt;Azima tetracantha&lt;/em&gt; Lam. leaves extract. The effects of the leaves extract of &lt;em&gt;Azima tetracantha&lt;/em&gt;, the concentration of Gold chloride solution, the time of the reaction and the effect of tem&amp;not;perature on the rate of the reaction were investigated. The synthesized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were characterized by using various techniques such as Dynamic Light Spectroscopy (DLS), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), UV-Vis spectra gave surface plasmon resonance (SPR) at 540 nm, Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). This revealed the reduction of gold ions (Au&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;) to gold metal (Au&lt;sup&gt;0&lt;/sup&gt;) which indicated the formation of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The antimicrobial action of biosynthesized AuNPs indicated effective activity against bacterial pathogens &lt;em&gt;Aeromonas liquefaciens&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Enterococcus fecalis&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Micrococcus luteus&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Salmonella typhimurium&lt;/em&gt; and fungal pathogens &lt;em&gt;Candida albicans&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Cryptococcus sp, Microsporum canis, Trichophyton rubrum&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; This revealed that gold nanoparticles could provide a safer alternative to conventional antimicrobial agents.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">507</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Abirami Hariharan&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Tajuddin Nargis Begum&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Mohamed Hussain Muhammad Ilyas&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Hussain Syed Jahangir&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Premkumar Kumpati&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Shilu Mathew&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Archunan Govindaraju&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, and Ishtiaq Qadri&lt;sup&gt;6*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;1Department of Biotechnology, Cauvery College for Women, Trichy- 18, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biotechnology, Jamal Mohamed College (Autonomous), Trichy-20, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Botany, Jamal Mohamed College (Autonomous), Trichy-20, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biomedical Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Trichy-24, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Animal Science, Center for Pheromone Technology, Bharathidasan University Tiruchirappalli-620 024, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;King Fahad Medical Research Centre, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah, SAUDI ARABIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Melissa Borlagdan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fernando B. Aurigue</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ian A. Van Altena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Consolacion Y. Ragasa</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Triterpenes from Hoya paziae Kloppenb.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Apocynaceae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hoya paziae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">taraxerol</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">taraxeryl acetate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">α-amyrin acetate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">β-amyrin acetate</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oct 2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">487-489</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Chemical investigation of the dichloromethane extracts of the stems of Hoya paziae Kloppenb. led to the isolation of taraxerol (&lt;strong&gt;1&lt;/strong&gt;), taraxeryl acetate (&lt;strong&gt;2&lt;/strong&gt;), and a mixture &amp;alpha;-amyrin acetate (&lt;strong&gt;3&lt;/strong&gt;), and &amp;beta;-amyrin acetate (&lt;strong&gt;4&lt;/strong&gt;) in about 2.5:1 ratio. The structures of &lt;strong&gt;1&amp;ndash;4&lt;/strong&gt; were identified by comparison of their NMR data with those reported in the literature.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">487</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Melissa Borlagdan&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Fernando B. Aurigue&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Ian A. Van Altena&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Consolacion Y. Ragasa&lt;sup&gt;1,5*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, De La Salle University, 2401 Taft Avenue, Manila 1004, PHILIPPINES.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Science and Technology-Food and Nutrition Research Institute, Bicutan,Taguig, Metro Manila, PHILIPPINES.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Science and Technology- Philippine Nuclear Research Institute, Commonwealth Avenue, Diliman, Quezon City 1101, PHILIPPINES.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Information Technology, The University of Newcastle-Australia, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, AUSTRALIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;De La Salle University Science &amp;amp; Technology Complex, Leandro V. Locsin Campus, Bi&amp;ntilde;an City, Laguna 4024, PHILIPPINES.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shilu Mathew</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Faheem</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohd Suhail</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kaneez Fatima</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Govindaraju Archunan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nargis Begum</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Ilyas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Esam Azhar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ghazi Abdullah Damanhouri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ishtiaq Qadri</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Updates on Traditional Medicinal Plants for Hepatocellular Carcinoma</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmaceutical Journals</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anticancer</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Herbs</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liver cancer</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medicine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Treatment.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">203-214</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim: &lt;/strong&gt;Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major worldwide problem primarily caused by hepatitis B and C virus infection. End stage liver cancer treatment options are limited thus requiring expensive liver transplantation which is not available in many countries. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Several herbal compounds and herbal composite formulas have been studied through &lt;em&gt;in-vitro &lt;/em&gt;and &lt;em&gt;in vivo &lt;/em&gt;as an anti-HCC agent, enhancing our knowledge about their biological functions and targets. In this article, arecent update on the herbal medicine has been provided with reference to liver cancer. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; For the sake of clarity, the effective herbal compounds, clinical studies of herbal composite formula, cell culture, and animal model studies safety are discussed. The effects of many herbal active compounds of &lt;em&gt;Annona atemoya,&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;Andrographis paniculata, Boerhaviadiffusa,&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;Piper longum, Podophyllum&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;hexandrum, Phyllanthus amarus, &lt;/em&gt;and &lt;em&gt;Terminalia chebula&lt;/em&gt;, and herbal composite formula on autophagy, apoptosis, antioxidant, and inflammation characteristicshave been provided. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;This will enhance our understanding&amp;nbsp;on the prevention and treatment of HCC by herbal active compounds&amp;nbsp;and herbal composite formulas.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">203</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Shilu Mathew&lt;sup&gt;1,2,3&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Faheem&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Mohd Suhail&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Kaneez Fatima&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Govindaraju Archunan&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Nargis Begum&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Ilyas&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;, Esam Azhar&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Ghazi Abdullah Damanhouri&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt; and Ishtiaq Qadri&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Postgraduate Department of Biotechnology, Jamal Mohamed College, Tiruchirappalli, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAUDI ARABIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Animal Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad, PAKISTAN.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine Research, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdul Aziz University, PO Box 80216, SAUDI ARABIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;IQ Institute of Infection and Immunity, Lahore, PAKISTAN.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Botany, Jamal Mohamed College, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Torres Carola Analía</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nuñez María Beatriz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Isla María Inés</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Castro Marcela Paola</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gonzalez Ana María</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zampini Iris Catiana</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial Activity of Tinctures from Tree leaves belonging to the Bignoniaceae family and their Synergistic Effect with Antibiotics</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Checkerboard method</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gentamicin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tabebuia nodosa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Time-kill experiments.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">01/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">400-405</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Context:&lt;/strong&gt; Some species of Bignoniaceae are widely used in medicinal practice by the natives of South America. &lt;strong&gt;Aims:&lt;/strong&gt; Tinctures and infusions from twelve tree species of this family were evaluated for &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria. The effect of interactions between the four most active extracts and conventional antibiotics was also evaluated. &lt;strong&gt;Methods and Material:&lt;/strong&gt; Bioautography and disc diffusion methods were used to select the most active extracts, then agar macrodilution and broth microdilution method were used to determine the minimal inhibitory and minimal bactericidal concentration (MIC and MBC). Time-kill assay and checkerboard method were employed to determine the type of antimicrobial effect and synergism, respectively. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; It could be determined that tinctures from &lt;em&gt;Catalpa bignonioides&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Handroanthus pulcherrimus&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Tabebuia nodosa&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Tecoma stans&lt;/em&gt; were able to inhibit bacterial growth. The MIC and MBC observed were between 125-1000 &amp;mu;g GAE/ ml and 500-1000 &amp;mu;g GAE/ml, respectively. The tested extracts were more effective against Gram-positive microorganisms. Time-kill experiments indicated bacteriostatic activity. Phytochemical screening showed terpenoids, phenols and flavonoids. Alkaloids were detected only in Tecoma stans. Among these combinations, the best was &lt;em&gt;Tabebuia nodosa &lt;/em&gt;extract plus gentamicin. In most cases, MIC values were reduced 16-32 times for antibiotics, and even 8-16 times for extracts. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;These results revealed that some of the selected combinations could efficiently inhibit the growth of tested strains at lower concentrations than those required for the lonely use of the antimicrobial. These extracts would improve the efficacy of antibiotics against resistant bacteria, hence they could be used for anti-infective therapy.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">400</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Torres Carola Anal&amp;iacute;a&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Nu&amp;ntilde;ez Mar&amp;iacute;a Beatriz&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Isla Mar&amp;iacute;a In&amp;eacute;s&lt;sup&gt;3,4&lt;/sup&gt;, Castro Marcela Paola&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Gonzalez Ana Mar&amp;iacute;a&lt;sup&gt;1,2,5&lt;/sup&gt; and Zampini Iris Catiana&lt;sup&gt;3,4&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Departamento de Ciencias B&amp;aacute;sicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Nacional del Chaco Austral (UNCAUS), Comandante Fern&amp;aacute;ndez 755-Presidencia Roque S&amp;aacute;enz Pe&amp;ntilde;a, Chaco, Argentina.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratorio de Microbiolog&amp;iacute;a de los Alimentos (UNCAUS), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient&amp;iacute;ficas y T&amp;eacute;cnicas (CONICET), Argentina.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Instituto de Qu&amp;iacute;mica del Noroeste Argentino (INQUINOA-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Tucum&amp;aacute;n. Argentina.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;C&amp;aacute;tedra de Qu&amp;iacute;mica Org&amp;aacute;nica y Biol&amp;oacute;gica, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e IML y Facultad de Bioqu&amp;iacute;mica, Qu&amp;iacute;mica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucum&amp;aacute;n, Ayacucho 471, San Miguel de Tucum&amp;aacute;n, Tucum&amp;aacute;n, Argentina.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Instituto de Bot&amp;aacute;nica del Nordeste IBONE (CONICET), Sargento Cabral 2131, Corrientes. Argentina.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Richa Agrawal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rajesh Maheshwari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ramachandran Balaraman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Avinash Seth</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-hyperglycemic and Anti-lipidemic activities of Diabac (a polyherbal formulation) in Streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced type 2 diabetic rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diabac</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Glycated hemoglobin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liver glycogen</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Serum lipids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Streptozotocin.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">01/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">283-288</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim:&lt;/strong&gt; The objective of the work was to investigate the antidiabetic activity of Diabac (a polyherbal formulation) in streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced type 2 diabetic rats. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed to evaluate effect of Diabac on elevated glucose level. The type 2 diabetes was induced by overnight fasted rats by a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of 65 mg/kg streptozotocin, 15 min. after the i.p. administration of 110 mg/kg nicotinamide. The diabetic rats were treated with Diabac (250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg, p.o.) or glibenclamide (5 mg/kg, p.o) for four week. Various parameters were studied such as fasting blood sugar level, serum insulin levels, glycated hemoglobin (HbA&lt;sub&gt;1C&lt;/sub&gt;), serum lipid levels, se rum creatinine, urea, uric acid and liver glycogen. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Treatment with Diabac significantly reduced the blood sugar levels in OGTT. Diabetic rats showed a significant increase in the levels of glycated hemoglobin, serum lipids, serum creatinine, urea and uric acid, whereas there was a decrease in serum insulin, liver glycogen and HDL-C levels as compared to normal control rats. The administration of Diabac or glibenclamide significantly decreased the levels of glycated hemoglobin, TG, TC, LDL-C, serum creatinine, urea and uric acid, whereas there was an increase in the levels of liver glycogen and HDL-C as compared to diabetic control rats. However, the treatment with Diabac did not show any significant change in serum insulin levels as compared to diabetic control rats. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;These results of present study concluded that Diabac has anti-diabetic and anti-lipidemic activities which are responsible for its use in traditional medicine.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">283</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Richa Agrawal, Rajesh Maheshwari&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;, Ramachandran Balaraman and Avinash Seth &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmacy, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth, Piparia, Vadodara, Gujarat, India.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sumitra Chanda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pooja Moteriya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hemali Padaliya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tejas Rathod</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yogesh Baravalia</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant and metal chelating activities of Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl peel, pulp and aerial parts in relation to their total phenol and flavonoid content</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ABTS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DPPH</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FRAP</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lagenaria siceraria</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">total phenol.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">27th Nov, 2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">64-73</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antioxidant activity and total phenol and flavonoid content of different parts (peel, pulp and aerial parts) of Lagenaria siceraria.&lt;strong&gt; Method:&lt;/strong&gt; Successive extraction was done by cold percolation method using solvents of different polarity viz. petroleum ether, toluene, ethyl acetate, acetone, water. Total phenol content was determined by Folin-Ciocalteu&amp;rsquo;s reagent method and flavonoid was determined by aluminium chloride colorimetric method. The antioxidant assays evaluated were 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity, 2, 2&amp;rsquo;-Azino-bis-(3-ethyl) benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical cation scavenging activity and Ferric reducing antioxidant power. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; L. &lt;em&gt;siceraria&lt;/em&gt; peel possessed maximum phenol and flavonoid content in acetone and toluene extracts respectively. FRAP was maximum in acetone extract of peel. The peel extract demonstrated stronger DPPH activity with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value of 111 &amp;mu;g/ml followed by pulp extract. The same extract was effective in scavenging ABTS radical with an IC&lt;sub&gt;50 &lt;/sub&gt;value of 39 &amp;mu;g/ml while other parts were ineffective. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; This work demonstrated good antioxidant activity of L. &lt;em&gt;siceraria&lt;/em&gt; vegetable cultivated in India and recommends that the peel of this vegetable may be of interest from a functional point of view as a major source of natural antioxidant.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Lagenaria siceraria&lt;/em&gt;, antioxidant activity, DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, total phenol.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sumitra Chanda, Pooja Moteriya, Hemali Padalia, Tejas Rathod and Yogesh Baravalia</style></custom1><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">64</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sumitra Chanda&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;, Pooja Moteriya, Hemali Padaliya, Tejas Rathod and Yogesh Baravalia &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Phytochemical, Pharmacological and Microbiological Laboratory Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University - Rajkot, 360 005, Gujarat, India.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sumitra Chanda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pooja Moteriya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hemali Padaliya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tejas Rathod</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yogesh Baravalia</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant and metal chelating activities of Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl peel, pulp and aerial parts in relation to their total phenol and flavonoid content</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ABTS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DPPH</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FRAP</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lagenaria siceraria</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">total phenol.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">01/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">64-73</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antioxidant activity and total phenol and flavonoid content of different parts (peel, pulp and aerial parts) of &lt;em&gt;Lagenaria siceraria&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Method:&lt;/strong&gt; Successive extraction was done by cold percolation method using solvents of different polarity viz. petroleum ether, toluene, ethyl acetate, acetone, water. Total phenol content was determined by Folin-Ciocalteu&amp;rsquo;s reagent method and flavonoid was determined by aluminium chloride colorimetric method. The antioxidant assays evaluated were 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity, 2, 2&amp;rsquo;-Azino-bis-(3-ethyl) benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical cation scavenging activity and Ferric reducing antioxidant power. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;L. siceraria&lt;/em&gt; peel possessed maximum phenol and flavonoid content in acetone and toluene extracts respectively. FRAP was maximum in acetone extract of peel. The peel extract demonstrated stronger DPPH activity with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value of 111 &amp;mu;g/ml followed by pulp extract. The same extract was effective in scavenging ABTS radical with an IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value of 39 &amp;mu;g/ml while other parts were ineffective. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; This work demonstrated good antioxidant activity of &lt;em&gt;L. siceraria&lt;/em&gt; vegetable cultivated in India and recommends that the peel of this vegetable may be of interest from a functional point of view as a major source of natural antioxidant.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">64</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Manal Mohamed Elhassan Taha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Siddig Ibrahim Abdelwahab</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rashad Elsanousi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bassem Y. Sheikh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mahmood Ameen Abdulla</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Saif Eldeen Babiker</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Husham Elraih</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eldaw Mohamed</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effectiveness of Sidr Honey on the prevention of ethanol-induced gatroulcerogenesis: role of antioxidant and antiapoptotic mechanism</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiapoptotic Mechanism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant agents</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gastro protection</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">monofloral nectar</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sidr Honey.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13th Feb, 2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">157-164</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Sider &lt;em&gt;(Ziziphus spina-christi&lt;/em&gt; (L.) Desf.) Honey has been used for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders including peptic ulcer. &lt;strong&gt;Aim of the study:&lt;/strong&gt; The mechanism of the antiulcer effect of sider honey was studied placing emphasis on its role to block oxidative damage and apoptosis during ethanol-induced gastric ulceration in rats. The mechanism of the antiulcer effect of sider honey was studied placing emphasis on its role to block oxidative damage and apoptosis during ethanol-induced gastric ulceration in rats. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Experimental animals were orally treated with sidr honey (100, 250 and 500 mg/kg, respectively) or omeprazole and subsequently exposed to 95%ethanol (5 mL/Kg, orally) to induce acute gastroulcerogenesis. Effectiveness of sidr honey was evaluated using ulcer index, pH of gastric juice, mucus content, morphological analyses, glutathione assay and malondialdehyde level. The anti-apoptotic role of sidr honey was studied using immunohistochemical staining of gastric tissues using monoclonal antibodies of Bax pathway. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Dose-response studies in ethanol-induced ulcer indicate that sidr honey significantly blocks gastric lesions at lower dose (100 mg/kg). Lipid peroxidation and glutathione depletion were significantly inhibited by sidr honey. Sidr honey modulated the immuno-expression of mitochondrial associated protein (Bax).&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Thus, sider honey plays a considerable role in gastro protection by acting as a potent antioxidant and antiapoptotic agent. Future study is required to explore its potential clinical usage.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words: &lt;/strong&gt;Antiapoptotic Mechanism, Antioxidant Agents, Gastro protection, Monofloral Nectar, Sidr Honey.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">157</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Manal Mohamed Elhassan Taha&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Siddig Ibrahim Abdelwahab&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Rashad Elsanousi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Bassem Y. Sheikh&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Mahmood Ameen Abdulla&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Saif Eldeen Babiker&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Husham Elraih&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Eldaw Mohamed&lt;sup&gt;1 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Medical Research Centre, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;MABL Scientific Chair, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Taibah University, Saudi Arabia&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Malaysia.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Manal Mohamed Elhassan Taha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Siddig Ibrahim Abdelwahab</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rashad Elsanousi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bassem Y. Sheikh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mahmood Ameen Abdulla</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Saif Eldeen Babiker</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Husham Elraih</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eldaw Mohamed</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effectiveness of Sidr Honey on the prevention of ethanol-induced gatroulcerogenesis: role of antioxidant and antiapoptotic mechanism</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">01/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">157-164</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Sider (&lt;em&gt;Ziziphus spina-christi&lt;/em&gt; (L.) Desf.) Honey has been used for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders including peptic ulcer. &lt;strong&gt;Aim of the study:&lt;/strong&gt; The mechanism of the antiulcer effect of sider honey was studied placing emphasis on its role to block oxidative damage and apoptosis during ethanol-induced gastric ulceration in rats. The mechanism of the antiulcer effect of sider honey was studied placing emphasis on its role to block oxidative damage and apoptosis during ethanol-induced gastric ulceration in rats. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Experimental animals were orally treated with sidr honey (100, 250 and 500 mg/kg, respectively) or omeprazole and subsequently exposed to 95% ethanol (5 mL/Kg, orally) to induce acute gastroulcerogenesis. Effectiveness of sidr honey was evaluated using ulcer index, pH of gastric juice, mucus content, morphological analyses, glutathione assay and malondialdehyde level. The anti-apoptotic role of sidr honey was studied using immunohistochemical staining of gastric tissues using monoclonal antibodies of Bax pathway. Results: Dose-response studies in ethanol-induced ulcer indicate that sidr honey significantly blocks gastric lesions at lower dose (100 mg/kg). Lipid peroxidation and glutathione depletion were significantly inhibited by sidr honey. Sidr honey modulated the immuno-expression of mitochondrial associated protein (Bax). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Thus, sider honey plays a considerable role in gastro protection by acting as a potent antioxidant and antiapoptotic agent. Future study is required to explore its potential clinical usage.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">157</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ramya Bashyam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Malarvili Thekkumalai</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Velavan Sivanandham</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evaluation of Phytoconstituents of Bryonopsis laciniosa fruit by UV-Visible Spectroscopy and FTIR analysis</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bryonia laciniosa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FTIR</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical screening</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytonutrients</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">UV-Vis.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">09th Mar, 2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">165-170</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objectives:&lt;/strong&gt; To Investigate the phytochemicals present in &lt;em&gt;Bryonopsis laciniosa&lt;/em&gt; fruit. &lt;strong&gt;Methodology:&lt;/strong&gt; Qualitative, Quantitative screening, Compound Identification by UV-Visible method and identification of functional group of the active chemical components were followed by standard procedures.&lt;strong&gt; Result:&lt;/strong&gt; The results showed the presence of phytonutrients like reducing sugar, terpenoids, triterpenoids, aminoacids, anthroquinone, polyphenols, glycosides, anthocyanins, tannins, coumarins, emodins, saponins, total alkaloids, total flavonoids, lignin and serpentine. These substances may be responsible for the health related properties of the plant which are based on antioxidant,anticancer, antipyretic, antiaphoretic, antidiabetic, anti-inflammation, antiheamatisum, antimicrobial and antiviral activity. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; This study supports the popular use of&lt;em&gt; Bryonopsis laciniosa&lt;/em&gt; fruit in preparation of various pharmaceutical formulations for human welfare.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt; Bryonia laciniosa,&lt;/em&gt; FTIR, Phytochemical screening, Phytonutrients, UV-Vis.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">165</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ramya Bashyam&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Malarvili Thekkumalai&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; and Velavan Sivanandham&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Research Scholar, P.G. and Research Department of Biochemistry, Rajah Serfoji Govt. College [Autonomous], Thanjavur-613 005, Tamil Nadu, South India.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;P.G. and Research Department of Biochemistry, Rajah Serfoji Govt. College [Autonomous], Thanjavur-613 005, Tamil Nadu, South India.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry, Madudupandiyar College, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, South India.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ramya Bashyam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Malarvili Thekkumalai</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Velavan Sivanandham</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evaluation of Phytoconstituents of Bryonopsis laciniosa fruit by UV-Visible Spectroscopy and FTIR analysis</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bryonia laciniosa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FTIR</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical screening</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytonutrients</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">UV-Vis</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">01/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">165-170</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objectives:&lt;/strong&gt; To Investigate the phytochemicals present in &lt;em&gt;Bryonopsis laciniosa&lt;/em&gt; fruit. &lt;strong&gt;Methodology: &lt;/strong&gt;Qualitative, Quantitative screening, Compound Identification by UV-Visible method and identification of functional group of the active chemical components were followed by standard procedures. &lt;strong&gt;Result: &lt;/strong&gt;The results showed the presence of phytonutrients like reducing sugar, terpenoids, triterpenoids, aminoacids, anthroquinone, polyphenols, glycosides, anthocyanins, tannins, coumarins, emodins, saponins, total alkaloids, total flavonoids, lignin and serpentine. These substances may be responsible for the health related properties of the plant which are based on antioxidant, anticancer, antipyretic, antiaphoretic, antidiabetic, anti-inflammation, antiheamatisum, antimicrobial and antiviral activity. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; This study supports the popular use of &lt;em&gt;Bryonopsis laciniosa&lt;/em&gt; fruit in preparation of various pharmaceutical formulations for human welfare.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">165</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ramya Bashyam&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Malarvili Thekkumalai&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; and Velavan Sivanandham&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Research Scholar, P.G. and Research Department of Biochemistry, Rajah Serfoji Govt. College [Autonomous], Thanjavur-613 005, Tamil Nadu, South India.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;P.G. and Research Department of Biochemistry, Rajah Serfoji Govt. College [Autonomous], Thanjavur-613 005, Tamil Nadu, South India.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry, Madudupandiyar College, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, South India.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quírico A Castillo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jorge Triana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">José L Eiroa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">José M Padrón</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gabriela B Plata</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ernesto V Abel-Santos</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Luis A. Báez</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana C Rodríguez</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marco A Jiménez</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">María F Pérez-Pujols</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoids from Eupatorium illitum and Their Antiproliferative Activities</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4-Hydroxybenzoic acid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7-Methoxy-aromadendrin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ermanin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eupatorium illitum</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kumatakenin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Naringenin.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">09th Mar, 2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">178-181</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To isolate the chemical constituents of the aerial parts from &lt;em&gt;Eupatorium illitum,&lt;/em&gt; elucidate their structures and evaluate their antiproliferative activity on human cancer cell lines. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The ethanolic extract of&lt;em&gt; Eupatorium illitum&lt;/em&gt; afforded five compounds, which were characterized using spectroscopic techniques and by comparison with data from the literature. Antiproliferative activities of selected isolates were evaluated.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The flavonoids Kumatakenin (&lt;strong&gt;1&lt;/strong&gt;), Ermanin (&lt;strong&gt;2&lt;/strong&gt;), 7-methoxy-aromadendrin (&lt;strong&gt;3&lt;/strong&gt;) and Naringenin (&lt;strong&gt;4&lt;/strong&gt;), together with 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (&lt;strong&gt;5&lt;/strong&gt;) were isolated. Compounds &lt;strong&gt;1, 2, 4&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;5&lt;/strong&gt; were evaluated for their antiproliferative activity on the human cancer cell lines A549 (lung), HBL-100 (breast), HeLa (cervix), SW1573 (lung), and T-47D (breast) presenting a wide range of bioactivities. In general, best results were observed for &lt;strong&gt;5&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Compounds &lt;strong&gt;1-5&lt;/strong&gt; are reported for first time from &lt;em&gt;Eupatorium illitum&lt;/em&gt;. Isolated phytochemicals show moderate to low antiproliferative activities when evaluated on the aforementioned human cancer cell lines.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Eupatorium illitum&lt;/em&gt;, Ermanin, 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid, Kumatakenin, 7-Methoxy-aromadendrin, Naringenin.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">178</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Qu&amp;iacute;rico A Castillo&lt;sup&gt;*1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Jorge Triana&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Jos&amp;eacute; L Eiroa&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Jos&amp;eacute; M Padr&amp;oacute;n&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Gabriela B Plata&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Ernesto V Abel-Santos&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Luis A. B&amp;aacute;ez&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Diana C Rodr&amp;iacute;guez&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Marco A Jim&amp;eacute;nez&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Mar&amp;iacute;a F P&amp;eacute;rez-Pujols&lt;sup&gt;1 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Escuela de Qu&amp;iacute;mica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Aut&amp;oacute;noma de Santo Domingo, Ciudad Universitaria, Santo Domingo D.N., Dominican Republic.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Instituto de Qu&amp;iacute;mica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Aut&amp;oacute;noma de Santo Domingo, Ciudad Universitaria, Santo Domingo D.N., Dominican Republic.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Departamento de Qu&amp;iacute;mica, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus de Tafira, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;BioLab, Instituto Universitario de Bio-Org&amp;aacute;nica &amp;ldquo;Antonio Gonz&amp;aacute;lez&amp;rdquo; (IUBO-AG), Centro de Investigaciones Biom&amp;eacute;dicas de Canarias (CIBICAN), C/Astrof&amp;iacute;sico Francisco S&amp;aacute;nchez 2, 38206. La Laguna, Spain.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada-Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quírico A Castillo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jorge Triana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">José L Eiroa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">José M Padrón</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gabriela B Plata</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ernesto V Abel-Santos</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Luis A. Báez</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diana C Rodríguez</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marco A Jiménez</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">María F Pérez-Pujols</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoids from Eupatorium illitum and Their Antiproliferative Activities</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4-Hydroxybenzoic acid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7-Methoxy-aromadendrin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ermanin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eupatorium illitum</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kumatakenin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Naringenin.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">01/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">178-181</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To isolate the chemical constituents of the aerial parts from&lt;em&gt; Eupatorium illitum&lt;/em&gt;, elucidate their structures and evaluate their antiproliferative activity on human cancer cell lines. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The ethanolic extract of &lt;em&gt;Eupatorium illitum&lt;/em&gt; afforded five compounds, which were characterized using spectroscopic techniques and by comparison with data from the literature. Antiproliferative activities of selected isolates were evaluated. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The flavonoids Kumatakenin (&lt;strong&gt;1&lt;/strong&gt;), Ermanin (&lt;strong&gt;2&lt;/strong&gt;), 7-methoxy-aromadendrin (&lt;strong&gt;3&lt;/strong&gt;) and Naringenin (&lt;strong&gt;4&lt;/strong&gt;), together with 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (&lt;strong&gt;5&lt;/strong&gt;) were isolated. Compounds &lt;strong&gt;1, 2, 4&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;5&lt;/strong&gt; were evaluated for their antiproliferative activity on the human cancer cell lines A549 (lung), HBL-100 (breast), HeLa (cervix), SW1573 (lung), and T-47D (breast) presenting a wide range of bioactivities. In general, best results were observed for &lt;strong&gt;5&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Compounds 1-5 are reported for first time from &lt;em&gt;Eupatorium illitum&lt;/em&gt;. Isolated phytochemicals show moderate to low antiproliferative activities when evaluated on the aforementioned human cancer cell lines.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">178</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Qu&amp;iacute;rico A Castillo&lt;sup&gt;*1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Jorge Triana&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Jos&amp;eacute; L Eiroa&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Jos&amp;eacute; M Padr&amp;oacute;n&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Gabriela B Plata&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Ernesto V Abel-Santos&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Luis A. B&amp;aacute;ez&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Diana C Rodr&amp;iacute;guez&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Marco A Jim&amp;eacute;nez&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Mar&amp;iacute;a F P&amp;eacute;rez-Pujols&lt;sup&gt;1 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Escuela de Qu&amp;iacute;mica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Aut&amp;oacute;noma de Santo Domingo, Ciudad Universitaria, Santo Domingo D.N., Dominican Republic.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Instituto de Qu&amp;iacute;mica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Aut&amp;oacute;noma de Santo Domingo, Ciudad Universitaria, Santo Domingo D.N., Dominican Republic.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;3Departamento de Qu&amp;iacute;mica, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus de Tafira, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;BioLab, Instituto Universitario de Bio-Org&amp;aacute;nica &amp;ldquo;Antonio Gonz&amp;aacute;lez&amp;rdquo; (IUBO-AG), Centro de Investigaciones Biom&amp;eacute;dicas de Canarias (CIBICAN), C/Astrof&amp;iacute;sico Francisco S&amp;aacute;nchez 2, 38206. La Laguna, Spain.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada-Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rajesh A Maheshwari,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bhagyashree Pandya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">R. Balaraman, Avinash K Seth</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yogesh Chand</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yadav</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vasa Siva Sankar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hepatoprotective effect of Livplus- A polyherbal formulation</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acetylcholine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antitussive</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bronchoprotection</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Citric acid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cough</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cough variant asthma (CVA)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ethanolic extract of Woodfordia fruticosa (L.) Kurz (EEWF)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Histamine.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9th June 2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4-4</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Nill&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rajesh A Maheshwari&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;, Bhagyashree Pandya, R. Balaraman, Avinash K Seth, Yogesh Chand Yadav, Vasa Siva Sankar &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmacy, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth, Piparia, Vadodara-391760, Gujarat, India&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rajesh Maheshwari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bhagyashree Pandya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ramachandran Balaraman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Avinash Kumar Seth</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yogesh Chand Yadav</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vasa Siva Sankar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hepatoprotective effect of Livplus-A polyherbal formulation</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CCl4</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GGT</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hepatic enzymes.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hepatotoxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Livplus</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">01/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">311-316</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The aim of the present study was to investigate the hepatoprotective effect of Livplus (a polyherbal formulation) against CCl&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Hepatotoxicity was induced in rats by i.p. injection of CCl&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; once three days for 14 days. Livplus or Silymarin was administered along with CCl&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; and the biochemical parameters like aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkalinephosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin (TB), direct bilirubin, total protein (TP), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), total cholesterol (TC) and triglycerides (TG) were estimated. Furthermore, biomarkers of oxidative stress such as MDA levels, Glutathione contents, SOD and catalase activity in liver tissue were estimated. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Treatment with Livplus significantly reduced the elevated levels of ALT, AST, ALP, bilirubin (direct and total), GGT, TC, TG and increased levels of TP compared to CCl&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; control rats. The treatment with Livplus also showed a significant increase in glutathione contents, SOD and catalase activity and a decrease in MDA levels compared to CCl&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; control rats. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The finding of present study indicates that Livplus showed a potential hepatoprotective activity. These results support the traditional use of Livplus in the treatment of liver disorders.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">311</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rajesh Maheshwari&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;, Bhagyashree Pandya, Ramachandran Balaraman, Avinash Kumar Seth, Yogesh Chand Yadav and Vasa Siva Sankar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmacy, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth, Piparia, Vadodara, Gujarat, India.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ramdan Btissam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amakran Amina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NHIRI Mohamed</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ramdan Rajae</style></author></secondary-authors><tertiary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vannier Brigitte</style></author></tertiary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In vitro study of anti-glycation and radical scavenging activities of the essential oils of three plants from Morocco: Origanum compactum, Rosmarinus officinalis and Pelargonium asperum</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aging</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiglycation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diabetes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Essential oil</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Radical scavenger</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mar-Apr 2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">124-135</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; We have carried out our study on the chemical composition; anti-glycation andradical scavenging activities of Origanum compactum, Rosmarinus officinalis and Pelargonium asperum essential oils (EO) that were harvested in the northeast of Morocco. These plants have been traditionally used in medicine as a chief ingredient of many polyherbal formulations for the treatment of several pathologies. &lt;strong&gt;Method: &lt;/strong&gt;The phytochemical study was revealed by GC-MS. The protein glycation inhibitory activity of EO extracted from these plant tissues was evaluated in vitro using the model system of bovine serum albumin and methylglyoxal. The measure of DPPH&amp;bull; radical reducing power was used to evaluate the antiradical activity. To test each fraction, we used the IC50 value previously obtained for the crude oils. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The phytochemical study of these essential oils showed that p-Thymol, Eucalyptol and Citronellal were respectively the major components in the three investigated EO of O.compactum, R. officinal is and P. asperum. More than 90% of the total components were detected. The extracts and fractions with glycation inhibitory activity also showed antiradical activity when the DPPH&amp;bull; radical reducing power was measured.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The glycation inhibitory activity was correlated with the antiradical potency of the extracts. Thus, the positive glycation inhibitory and antiradical activities of these plants might suggest a possible role in targeting aging and diabetic complications.The presence of various bioactive compounds confirms the application of these plants for various diseases by traditional practitioners. However, isolation of individual phytochemical constituents may proceed to find a novel drug.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">124</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ramdan Btissam&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Ramdan Rajae&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Amakran Amina&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Vannier Brigitte&lt;sup&gt;3 &lt;/sup&gt;and NHIRI Mohamed&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Science and Technology, University Abdelmalek Essaadi, BP 416, Tangier, 90000, Morocco. 2Department of Biology, L.G.B, University IbnTofail, Faculty of Science, K&amp;eacute;nitra, Morocco. 3Department of Cell Biology &amp;quot;Receivers Regulations Tumor Cells&amp;quot;, University of Poitiers, Faculty of Science, Biology-Health Division, B&amp;acirc;t B36,1, rue Georges Bonnet TSA51106, 86073-Poitiers cedex 09, France&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ramdan Btissam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ramdan Raja</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amakran Amina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vannier Brigitte</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NHIRI Mohamed</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In vitro study of anti-glycation and radical scavenging activities of the essential oils of three plants from Morocco: Origanum compactum, Rosmarinus officinalis and Pelargonium asperum</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aging</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiglycation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diabetes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Essential oil</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">radical scavenger.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8th Jan, 2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">124-135</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; We have carried out our study on the chemical composition; anti-glycation andradical scavenging activities of &lt;em&gt;Origanum compactum&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Rosmarinus officinalis&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Pelargonium asperum&lt;/em&gt; essential oils (EO) that were harvested in the northeast of Morocco. These plants have been traditionally used in medicine as a chief ingredient of many polyherbal formulations for the treatment of several pathologies. &lt;strong&gt;Method:&lt;/strong&gt; The phytochemical study was revealed by GC-MS. The protein glycation inhibitory activity of EO extracted from these plant tissues was evaluated &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; using the model system of bovine serum albumin and methylglyoxal. The measure of DPPH&amp;bull; radical reducing power was used to evaluate the antiradical activity. To test each fraction, we used the IC50 value previously obtained for the crude oils. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The phytochemical study of these essential oils showed that p-Thymol, Eucalyptol and Citronellal were respectively the major components in the three investigated EO of&lt;em&gt; O.compactum&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;R. officinal&lt;/em&gt; is and &lt;em&gt;P. asperum&lt;/em&gt;. More than 90% of the total components were detected. The extracts and fractions with glycation inhibitory activity also showed antiradical activity when the DPPH&amp;bull; radical reducing power was measured. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The glycation inhibitory activity was correlated with the antiradical potency of the extracts. Thus, the positive glycation inhibitory and antiradical activities of these plants might suggest a possible role in targeting aging and diabetic complications.The presence of various bioactive compounds confirms the application of these plants for various diseases by traditional practitioners. However, isolation of individual phytochemical constituents may proceed to find a novel drug.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words: &lt;/strong&gt;Aging, Antioxidant, Antiglycation, Diabetes, Essential oil, Radical scavenger.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">124</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ramdan Btissam&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Ramdan Rajae&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Amakran Amina&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Vannier Brigitte&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; and NHIRI Mohamed&lt;sup&gt;1 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Science and Technology, University Abdelmalek Essaadi, BP 416, Tangier, 90000, Morocco.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, L.G.B, University IbnTofail, Faculty of Science, K&amp;eacute;nitra, Morocco.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Cell Biology &amp;quot;Receivers Regulations Tumor Cells&amp;quot;, University of Poitiers, Faculty of Science, Biology-Health Division, B&amp;acirc;t B36,1, rue Georges Bonnet TSA51106, 86073-Poitiers cedex 09, France.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kibrnesh Bezu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Daniel Bisrat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kaleab Asres</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In vivo Antimalarial Evaluation of Embelin and its Semi-Synthetic Aromatic Amine Derivatives</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A 4-Day suppressive test</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimalarial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aromatic substituted embelin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Embelia schimperi</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Embelin.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">01/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">305-310</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;In less developed countries like Ethiopia, malaria is traditionally treated by remedies prepared from medicinal plants. One such plant that falls in this category is &lt;em&gt;Embelia schimperi &lt;/em&gt;Vatke whose fruits are employed for the treatment of a variety of ailments including taeniasis and malaria. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; In the present study, the &lt;em&gt;in vivo&lt;/em&gt; antimalarial activity of embelin isolated from the fruits of &lt;em&gt;Embelia schimperi&lt;/em&gt; Vatke and its semisynthetic aromatic amine derivatives was evaluated. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Silica gel column chromatography was used to isolate embelin from the ethyl acetate extract of the fruits of &lt;em&gt;E. schimperi&lt;/em&gt;. Aromatic substituted embelin derivatives were semi-synthesized by using a one-step condensation reaction of embelin with aromatic amines. The compounds were characterized based on their UV, IR, HR-ESIMS, &lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;H and &lt;sup&gt;13&lt;/sup&gt;C NMR and DEPT-135 spectral data. Antimalarial activity was evaluated using a modified Peter&amp;rsquo;s 4-day suppressive test against chloroquine sensitive Plasmodium berghei infection in mice. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Embelin and the semi-synthetic derivatives showed significant (p&amp;lt;0.05)&lt;em&gt; in vivo&lt;/em&gt; antimalarial activity in a dose-dependent manner with 47.8-74.7% parasite suppression at tested doses of 100-400 mg/kg. Among the compounds semi-synthesized, 5-(p-tolylamino)-2-hydroxy-3-undecylcyclohexa- 2,5-diene-1,4-dione showed maximum antimalarial activity (74.7 % suppression) at a dose of 400 mg/kg. No major signs of toxicity were observed when either embelin or the semi-synthesized derivatives were administrated to mice at the highest tested dose (2 g/kg). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The results underline that the antimalarial activity of embelin can be improved by preparing its aromatic semi-synthetic amine derivatives without affecting the safety of the parent molecule.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">305</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Kibrnesh Bezu, Daniel Bisrat and Kaleab Asres&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kibrnesh Bezu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Daniel Bisrat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kaleab Asres</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In vivo Antimalarial Evaluation of Embelin and its Semi-Synthetic Aromatic Amine Derivatives</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-malarial.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aromatic substituted embelin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Embelia schimperi</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Embelin</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">18 th June 2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7-7</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; In less developed countries like Ethiopia, malaria is traditionally treated by remedies prepared from medicinal plants. One such plant that falls in this category is &lt;em&gt;Embelia schimperi&lt;/em&gt; Vatke whose fruits are employed for the treatment of a variety of ailments including taeniasis and malaria. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; In the present study, the &lt;em&gt;in vivo &lt;/em&gt;antimalarial activity of embelin isolated from the fruits of &lt;em&gt;Embelia schimperi&lt;/em&gt; Vatke and its semi-synthetic aromatic amine derivatives was evaluated. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Silica gel column chromatography was used to isolate embelin from the ethyl acetate extract of the fruits of &lt;em&gt;E. schimperi&lt;/em&gt;. Aromatic substituted embelin derivatives were semi-synthesized by using a one-step condensation reaction of embelin with aromatic amines. The compounds were characterized based on their UV, IR, HR-ESIMS, &lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;H and &lt;sup&gt;13&lt;/sup&gt;C NMR and DEPT-135 spectral data. Anti-malarial activity was evaluated using a modified Peter&amp;rsquo;s 4-day suppressive test against chloroquine sensitive &lt;em&gt;Plasmodium berghei&lt;/em&gt; infection in mice. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Embelin and the semi-synthetic derivatives showed significant (p&amp;lt;0.05) &lt;em&gt;in vivo &lt;/em&gt;anti-malarial activity in a dose-dependent manner with 47.8-74.7% parasite suppression at tested doses of 100-400 mg/kg. Among the compounds semi-synthesized, 5-(p-tolylamino)-2-hydroxy-3-undecylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione showed maximum anti-malarial activity (74.7% suppression) at a dose of 400 mg/kg. No major signs of toxicity were observed when either embelin or the semi-synthesized derivatives were administrated to mice at the highest tested dose (2 g/kg). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The results underline that the antimalarial activity of embelin can be improved by preparing its aromatic semi-synthetic amine derivatives without affecting the safety of the parent molecule.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Embelia schimperi&lt;/em&gt;, Embelin, Aromatic substituted embelin, Anti-malarial.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Kibrnesh Bezu&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Daniel Bisrat&lt;sup&gt;1 &lt;/sup&gt;and Kaleab Asres&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sharada Laxman Deore</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bhushan Arun Baviskar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ashwini Suresh Rangari</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rapid and high yield Extraction method for Saponins from Safed musli</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HPTLC</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maceration Saponins</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Microwave assisted solvent extraction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Orthogonal test L9 (34) Sonication</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Taguchi Design</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jul-Aug 2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">210-214</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objectives: &lt;/strong&gt;We aimed to develop, compare and optimise rapid and high yield extraction method for saponins of Safed musli using conventional extraction techniques and as well as modern microwave assisted solvent extraction method. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Roots of Safed musli (Chlorophytum borivilianum) are extracted by maceration, soxhlet, sonication and microwave methods. Extract further fractionated to obtain total saponins. Microwave assisted solvent extraction (MASE) method is optimised using Taguchi L9 orthogonal array design. Total saponins are estimated by High Performance Thin Layer chromatography (HPTLC) from all extracts obtained by different methods. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Factors namely temperature, irradiation time, irradiation power and powder size which potentially affects extraction efficiency are considered while optimizing MASE by statistical orthogonal array design procedure and saponins are quantified using HPTLC. Under developed optimum conditions, MASE showed significantly higher yield (5.11%) and drastic reduction in extraction time (4 min) than conventional extraction methods.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Saponins of Safed musli shown highest yield in MASE and then maceration, soxhlet and sonication followed. The developed and optimised method of saponin extraction by MASE can have huge industrial applications after scale up.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">210</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sharada Laxman Deore*, Bhushan Arun Baviskar and Ashwini Suresh Rangari &lt;/strong&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Government College of Pharmacy, Kathora Naka, Amravati &amp;ndash; 444604, MS, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sharada Laxman Deore</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bhushan Arun Baviskar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ashwini Suresh Rangari</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rapid and high yield Extraction method for Saponins from Safed Musli</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HPTLC</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maceration Saponins</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Microwave assisted solvent extraction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Orthogonal test L9 (34) Sonication</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Taguchi Design.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16th Jan, 2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">210-214</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objectives:&lt;/strong&gt; We aimed to develop, compare and optimise rapid and high yield extraction method for saponins of safed musli using conventional extraction techniques and as well as modern microwave assisted solvent extraction method.&lt;strong&gt; Materials and methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Roots of Safed musli (&lt;em&gt;Chlorophytum borivilianum&lt;/em&gt;) are extracted by maceration, soxhlet, sonication and microwave methods. Extract further fractionated to obtain total saponins. Microwave assisted solvent extraction (MASE) method is optimised using Taguchi L9 orthogonal array design. Total saponins are estimated by High Performance Thin Layer chromatography (HPTLC) from all extracts obtained by different methods. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Factors namely temperature, irradiation time, irradiation power and powder size which potentially affects extraction efficiency are considered while optimizing MASE by statistical orthogonal array design procedure and saponins are quantified using HPTLC. Under developed optimum conditions, MASE showed significantly higher yield (5.11%) and drastic reduction in extraction time (4 min) than conventional extraction methods. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; saponins of safed musli shown highest yield in MASE and then maceration, soxhlet and sonication followed. The developed and optimised method of saponin extraction by MASE can have huge industrial applications after scale up.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;/strong&gt; HPTLC, Microwave assisted solvent extraction, Maceration Saponins, Orthogonal test L9 (34) Sonication, Taguchi Design.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">210</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sharada Laxman Deore&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;, Bhushan Arun Baviskar and Ashwini Suresh Rangari &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Government College of Pharmacy, Kathora Naka, Amravati &amp;ndash; 444604, MS, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">R. Courtney</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J. Sirdaarta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Matthews B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">I.E. Cock</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tannin components and inhibitory activity of Kakadu plum leaf extracts against microbial triggers of autoimmune inflammatory diseases</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acinetobacter baylyi</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ankylosing spondylitis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Klebsiella pneumoniae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">multiple sclerosis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Proteus mirabilis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pseudomonas aeruginosa.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">rheumatoid arthritis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terminalia ferdinandiana</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">27th Nov, 2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">18-31</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Autoimmune inflammatory diseases can be triggered by specific bacteria in susceptible individuals.&lt;em&gt; Terminalia ferdinandiana&lt;/em&gt; (Kakadu plum) has documented therapeutic properties as a general antiseptic agent. However, the high ascorbic acid levels in Kakadu plum fruit may interfere with this activity. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;T. ferdinandiana&lt;/em&gt; leaf solvent extracts were investigated by disc diffusion assay against a panel of bacteria known to trigger autoimmune inflammatory diseases.Their MIC values were determined to quantify and compare their efficacies. Toxicity was determined using the&lt;em&gt; Artemia franciscana&lt;/em&gt; nauplii bioassay. Non-targeted HPLC separation of crude extracts coupled to high resolution time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectroscopy with screening against 3 compound databases was used for the identification and characterisation of individual components in crude plant extracts. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Methanolic, aqueous and ethyl acetate&lt;em&gt; T. Ferdinandiana&lt;/em&gt; leaf extracts displayed potent antibacterial activity in the disc diffusion assay against the bacterial triggers of rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis and multiple sclerosis. The ethyl acetate extract had the most potent inhibitory activity, with MIC values less than 120 &amp;mu;g/ml against&lt;em&gt; P. mirabilis&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;A. baylyi&lt;/em&gt; (both reference and clinical strains). The ethyl acetate extract had similar potency against K. &lt;em&gt;pneumonia&lt;/em&gt;(both reference and clinical strains), but had higher MIC values (2733 &amp;mu;g/ml) against P. &lt;em&gt;aeruginosa&lt;/em&gt;. The methanolic extract was also a potent inhibitor of bacterial growth, with MIC values generally &amp;lt; 1000 &amp;mu;g/ml. In comparison, the water, chloroform and hexane leaf extracts were all substantially less potent antibacterial agents, with MICs values generally well over 1000 &amp;mu;g/ml. All T. &lt;em&gt;ferdinandiana&lt;/em&gt; leaf extracts were either nontoxic or of low toxicity in the&lt;em&gt; Artemia fransiscana &lt;/em&gt;bioassay.Non-biased phytochemical analysis of the ethyl acetate extract revealed the presence of high levels of tannins (exifone (4-galloylpyrogallol), ellagic acid dehydrate, trimethylellagic acid, chebulic acid, corilagin, punicalin, castalagin and chebulagic acid). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The low toxicity of the T. &lt;em&gt;ferdinandiana&lt;/em&gt; leaf extracts and their potent inhibitory bioactivity against the bacterial triggers of autoimmune inflammatory disorders indicates their potential as medicinal agents in the treatment and prevention of these diseases.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Terminalia ferdinandiana&lt;/em&gt;, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, multiple sclerosis, &lt;em&gt;Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae , Acinetobacter baylyi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">R. Courtney, J. Sirdaarta, B. Matthews, I. E. Cock</style></custom1><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">18</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;R. Courtney&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;, J. Sirdaarta&lt;sup&gt;a,b&lt;/sup&gt;, B. Matthews&lt;sup&gt;c&lt;/sup&gt;, I. E. Cock&lt;sup&gt;a,b*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;School of Natural Sciences, Nathan Campus, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Rd, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt;Environmental Futures Research Institute, Nathan Campus, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Rd, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;c&lt;/sup&gt;Smartwaters Research Centre, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Australia&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sanwar Mal Lamba,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kunjbihari Sulakhiya,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Parveen Kumar,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mangala Lahkar,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chandana C. Barua,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Babul Bezbaruah</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-diabetic, Hypolipidemic and Anti-oxidant Activities of Hydroethanolic Root Extract of Rhus Mysurensis Heyne in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes in Wistar Male Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-diabetic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-oxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hypolipidemic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rhus mysurensis.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8th April 2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">62-71</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objectives:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study was designed to investigate the potential role of hydroethanolic root extracts&amp;nbsp; were &lt;em&gt;Rhus mysurensis&lt;/em&gt; (HERM) in the treatment of diabetes along with its antioxidant and antihyperlipidemic effects was studied in streptozotocin induced diabetes in Wistar rats. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; In this study, the anti-diabetic, hypolipidemic and anti-oxidant activities of hydroethanolic root extract of&lt;em&gt; Rhus mysurensis&lt;/em&gt; was evaluated by using STZ induced diabetic rats at a dose of 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg and 800 mg/kg p.o. daily for 21 days. Blood glucose levels and body weight were monitored at specific time intervals, and different biochemical parameters, serum cholesterol, serum triglyceride, high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein were also assessed in the experimental animals.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Oral administration of hydroethanolic root extracts of&lt;em&gt; Rhus mysurensis&lt;/em&gt; (HERM) 400 and 800 mg/kg for 21 days significantly decreased the blood glucose level and considerably increased the body weight of diabetic induced rats. Daily oral treatment with HERM for 3 weeks resulted in reduced serum cholesterol, and triglycerides and improved HDL-cholesterol levels when compared to the diabetic control group. HERM significantly decreased thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and significantly increased superoxide dismutase and catalase in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats at the end of 21 days of treatment. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Hydroethanolic root extract of &lt;em&gt;Rhus mysurensis&lt;/em&gt; showed significant anti-diabetic, hypolipidemic and anti-oxidant activities, which provide the scientific proof for its traditional claims. The results also put forward that the HERM is promising for development of standardized phytomedicine for the treatment of diabetes mellitus.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words: &lt;/strong&gt;Anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant, hypolipidemic, &lt;em&gt;Rhus mysurensis&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sanwar Mal Lamba&lt;sup&gt;1#&lt;/sup&gt;, Kunjbihari Sulakhiya&lt;sup&gt;1#&lt;/sup&gt;, Parveen Kumar&lt;sup&gt;1#*&lt;/sup&gt;, Mangala Lahkar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Chandana C. Barua&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; and Babul Bezbaruah&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), GMC IIIrd Floor, Bhangagarh, Guwahati- 781032, India&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Gauhati Medical College, Bhangagarh, Guwahati-781032, India&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology &amp;amp; Toxicology, College of Veterinary Sciences, Khanapara, Guwahati-781022.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sharada L. Deore</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sharad Chaudhari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bhushan A. Baviskar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Somshekhar S. Khadabadi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Development and Antifungal Evaluation of Cinnamaldehyde Containing Silver Nanoparticles against Candida albicans</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Letter to the Editor</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2nd July 2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">63-65</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p &gt;NA&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Letter To The Editor</style></work-type><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sharada L. Deore&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Sharad Chaudhari&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Bhushan A. Baviskar&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Somshekhar S. Khadabadi&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2 &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Government College of Pharmacy, Amravati, Maharashtra, India,&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Government College of Pharmacy, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gunti Gowtham Raja,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hyma Sara Varghese,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sarita Kotagiri,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vrushabendra Swamy B.M</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evaluation of anti-cancer potential of aqueous extract of Pandanus odoratissimus (Y.Kimura) Hatus. forma ferreus, by in vivo ascitic tumor model in swiss albino mice</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anticancer</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ehrlich ascites carcinoma</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pandanus odoratissimus</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">18th Feb,2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">57-62</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; India is a rich source of medicinal plants and number of plant extracts are used against diseases in various systems of medicine such as ayurveda, unani and siddha where only a few of them were scientifically explored. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The objective of the present study was undertaken to perform dose dependent anti-cancer effect of aqueous and methanolic extracts of &lt;em&gt;P. odoratissimus&lt;/em&gt; roots and leaves whose scientific documentation for anti-tumor agent is lacking despite using traditionally. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The anti-cancer activity of methanolic extract of &lt;em&gt;P. odoratissimus&lt;/em&gt; (MEPO) and aqueous extract of &lt;em&gt;P. odoratissimus&lt;/em&gt; (AEPO) were tested against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma induced liquid tumors in swiss albino mice. The degree of protection was determined by change in body weight (gm), tumour volume (ml), packed cell volume (ml), cell viability (%), hematological parameters (R.B.C, W.B.C and hemoglobin content), mean survival time (MST), % increase in lifespan (% ILS) and histopathological observation of part of peritoneal layer.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The treatment with AEPO 400 mg/kg, p.o. in EAC treated mice reduced tumor volume, packed cell volume, body weight, cell viability and improved all hematological parameters, mean survival time and life span. Histopathological changes showed degenerative changes of tumor cells in peritoneal layer. The anti-cancer effects of AEPO 400 mg/kg, p.o. are equally more with that of the standard drug cisplatin. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The results suggested that aqueous extract of roots and leaves of &lt;em&gt;P. odoratissimus&lt;/em&gt; possess &lt;em&gt;in vivo&lt;/em&gt; anti-cancer activity comparable to cisplatin and this study scientifically validated the traditional use of this plant.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;/strong&gt; Anticancer, &lt;em&gt;Pandanus odoratissimus&lt;/em&gt;, Ehrlich ascites carcinoma.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Gunti Gowtham Raj&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;, Hyma Sara Varghese&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt;, Sarita Kotagiri&lt;sup&gt;c&lt;/sup&gt; and Vrushabendra Swamy B.M&lt;sup&gt;c&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Gautham College of Pharmacy, Sultanpalya, Bangalore, Karnataka &amp;ndash; 560 032, India&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Hillside College of Pharmacy and Research centre, Raghuvanahalli, Bangalore, Karnataka &amp;ndash; 560 062, India&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;c&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, East point College of Pharmacy, Bangalore,Karnataka &amp;ndash; 560 049, India.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bhanu Priya,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Manoj Gahlot,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Punam Joshi,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sarika Zade,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ujwala Bagmar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evaluation of Anti-Diabetic Activity of Methanolic Extract from the Leaves of Rotula Aquatica Lour in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alloxan</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-diabetic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Glibenclamide</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rotula aquatica lour.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">18th Feb,2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">110-114</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The objective of the present study was to evaluate the anti-diabetic activity of methanolic extract from the leaves of &lt;em&gt;Rotula aquatica lour&lt;/em&gt; in Alloxan-induced diabetic rats.&lt;strong&gt; Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Diabetes was induced in rat by injection of Alloxan (120 mg/kg, i.p.). Diabetic rats were divided into different groups and methanolic leaves extract of &lt;em&gt;Rotula aquatica lour&lt;/em&gt; (RA-ME) was administered at dose ranges of 100&amp;ndash;400 mg/kg, p.o for 21 days. Control group received normal saline (0.9%) for 21 days. Glibenclamide (5 mg/kg, p.o) was used as standard drug. Blood samples were collected from all the groups and analyzed for serum glucose and lipid levels such as total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), proteins (TP). RA-ME was also tested for oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in normal fasted rats. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; RA-ME (400 mg/kg, p.o) showed a significant (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.01) reduction of serum glucose level in Alloxan-induced diabetic mice as compared with diabetic control. RA-ME (200 and 400 mg/kg) also showed a significant reduction in serum TC, TG, and TP levels in Alloxan-induced diabetic rats. RA-ME (200 and 400 mg/kg, p.o) significantly (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.01) increased the glucose tolerance in OGTT. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The results obtained from the present study revealed the potential anti-diabetic activity of methanolic extract from the leaves of &lt;em&gt;Rotula aquatica lour&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;/strong&gt; Alloxan, Anti-diabetic, Glibenclamide, &lt;em&gt;Rotula aquatica lour&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">110</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bhanu Priya&lt;sup&gt;*,1&lt;/sup&gt;, Manoj Gahlot&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Punam Joshi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sarika Zade&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; and Ujwala Bagmar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Deptt of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Sitabai Thite College of Pharmacy, Shirur, Pune-412210 (India)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Deptt of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, S.G.R.R.I.T.S, Patel Nagar, Dehradun (Uttarakhand) India.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fernanda P.C. Ribeiro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hélio M Kamida</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paulo R.M. Almeida</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ana P.T. Uetanabaro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Larissa C.B. Costa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alexsandro Branco</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Isolation and identification of endophytic fungi in the medicinal plant Mikania laevigata (Asteraceae)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Asteraceae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Endophytic fungi</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mikania laevigata</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Xylariaceae</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">26th May 2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10-15</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;The &lt;em&gt;Mikania laevigata&lt;/em&gt; (Asteraceae) is a Brazilian medicinal plant used to treat respiratory tract diseases.It is produced on a large scale for phytotherapic formulation. No studies on the endophytes of &lt;em&gt;Mikania laevigata&lt;/em&gt; have been described in the literature. The endophytic fungi isolated from the leaves of &lt;em&gt;M. laevigata&lt;/em&gt; cultivated in a floral garden located in the south region of the Bahia state, Brazil, were investigated. After surface disinfection, the performing the isolation procedure, a total of forty endophytic fungi were obtained and grouped into different morphospecies. The fungi were characterized by molecular sequencing the ITS rDNA regions, and they were identified by comparing the results published Gen Bank sequences.The phylogenetic analyses revealed four major clades of fungi from the sequenced ITS-rDNA regions: &lt;em&gt;Nodulisporium&lt;/em&gt; sp. (3 isolates), &lt;em&gt;Hypoxylon &lt;/em&gt;sp.(3 isolates), &lt;em&gt;Daldinia&lt;/em&gt; sp. (1isolate) and &lt;em&gt;Xylaria luteo stromata&lt;/em&gt; (aunique isolate).The Xylariaceae Genus was the dominant group of fungi associated with &lt;em&gt;Mikania laevigata&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;em&gt;Mikania laevigata&lt;/em&gt;, Asteraceae, Xylariaceae, Endophytic fungi.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fernanda P.C. Ribeiro&lt;sup&gt;&amp;ordf;&lt;/sup&gt;, H&amp;eacute;lio M Kamida&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt;, Paulo R.M. Almeida&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt;, Ana P.T. Uetanabaro&lt;sup&gt;c&lt;/sup&gt;, Larissa C.B. Costa&lt;sup&gt;c&lt;/sup&gt; and Alexsandro Branco&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&amp;ordf;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&amp;ordf;&lt;/sup&gt;Laborat&amp;oacute;rio de Fitoqu&amp;iacute;mica, Departamento de Sa&amp;uacute;de, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Campus Universit&amp;aacute;rio, Av. Transnordestina, s/n&amp;ordm;, Novo Horizonte, 44.036&amp;ndash;900 Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt;Laborat&amp;oacute;rio de Pesquisa em Microbiologia, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana,Campus Universit&amp;aacute;rio, Av. Transnordestina, s/n&amp;ordm;, Bairro Novo Horizonte, 44.036&amp;ndash;900 Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;c&lt;/sup&gt;Departamento de Ci&amp;ecirc;ncias Biol&amp;oacute;gicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, 45.662&amp;ndash;900 Ilheus, BA,Brazil.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anant V. Bhandarkar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S. Shashidhara</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">M. Deepak</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognostic Investigation of Valeriana hardwickii Wall. A Threatened Herb</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognostic investigation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical screening</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valeriana hardwickii Wall</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">valerianaceae</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2nd July 2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">33-36</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Valeriana hardwickii&lt;/em&gt; Wall. belongs to family Valerianaceae grown in high altitude areas of north west Himalaya to Bhutan. Traditionally, the roots of the plant are used to treat insomnia; however, no reports are available regarding any pharmacognostic work on this plant. &lt;strong&gt;Material and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The study includes morphological, microscopic and preliminary phytochemical investigations of the roots and rhizome. Anatomical studies of roots and rhizome shows the presence of diagnostic characters such as thick walled cortex cells, annular xylem fi ber, pitted xylem vessel and rhizome hair. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The preliminary phytochemical screening of petroleum ether, dichlomethane and aqueous extract revealed the presence of tritepenoids, alkaloids, irridoidal glycosides and fl avanoids. The study was carried out as per WHO guidelines. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The outcome of this work will help the researchers to differentiate &lt;em&gt;V. hardwickii&lt;/em&gt; from the other species of valerian.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;/strong&gt; Pharmacognostic investigation, phytochemical screening, valerianaceae, &lt;em&gt;Valeriana hardwickii&lt;/em&gt; Wall.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Anant V. Bhandarkar&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, S. Shashidhara&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, M. Deepak&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3 &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, KLES College of Pharmacy, Hubli, Karnataka, India,&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Government College of Pharmacy, Bangalore, Karnataka, India,&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Natural Remedies Private Limited, Veerasandra Industrial Estate, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ponnam Devendar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">K.V.N. Satya Srinivas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J. Kotesh Kumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">T. Sandeep Kumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Savita Bhagel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">K.P. Sastry</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical Investigation, Antioxidant and Antifungal Activities of Rhizomes of Euphorbia Fusiformis</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antifungal activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coumarins</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Euphorbia fusiformis</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">26th May 2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">78-82</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; Isolation of compounds from &lt;em&gt;Euphorbia fusiformis&lt;/em&gt; rhizomes and evaluation of extracts and each isolates for its antioxidant and antifungal activities.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Five compounds were isolated including Euphol 1, &amp;beta;-Sitosterol 2, Caudicifolin 3, Scoparone 4 and Scopoletin 5. The occurrence of the compounds 2, 4 and 5 in the herb reported here for the first time. The ethyl acetate extract showed significant antioxidant activity (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; = 2.781 mg/ml) and its yielded compound 3 showed moderate antioxidant activity (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; = 3.25 mg/ml) using DPPH method. The ethyl acetate extract showed better antifungal activity against &lt;em&gt;Aspergillus niger&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Candida albican&lt;/em&gt;s. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Compounds&lt;strong&gt; 2, 4, 5 &lt;/strong&gt;were isolated first time from this plant. The ethyl acetate extract showed significant antioxidant and antifungal activity against&lt;em&gt; A. nigar&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;C. Albicans&lt;/em&gt;. Thus, this study concludes by demonstrating the isolation, characterization, antioxidant and antifungal properties of &lt;em&gt;E. fusiformis&lt;/em&gt;, which may have further therapeutic value.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key Words:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Euphorbia fusiformis&lt;/em&gt;, coumarins, antioxidant activity, antifungal activity.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ponnam Devendar, K V N Satya Srinivas, J Kotesh Kumar,&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt; T Sandeep Kumar, Savita Bhagel and K P Sastry &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants-Research Centre, Boduppal, Hyderabad-500092, Telangana State, India.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anupam Jaiswal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aditya Ganeshpurkar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ankita Awasthi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Divya Bansal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nazneen Dubey</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Protective Effects of Beetroot Extract against Phenyl Hydrazine Induced Anemia in Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Beta vulgaris</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">erythrocytes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hemoglobin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">phenyl hydrazine</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2nd July 2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-4</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Anemia can be regarded as one of the oldest blood malformation known over a century. Megaloblastic anemia arises due to curtailed formation of erythrocytes, which leads to formation of a large number of underdeveloped erythrocytes. Proper nutritional supplementation may be useful in such condition. &lt;em&gt;Beta vulgaris&lt;/em&gt; or beetroot is one of the important vegetables consumed worldwide. The aim of the present work was to evaluate anti-anemic potential of beetroot. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Beetroot was extracted with ethanol. Phytochemical and phytoanalytical studies were performed on extract. Anemia was induced by phenyl-hydrazine. Animals were treated with extract throughout the study for 24 days. The red blood cell (RBC) number and hemoglobin concentration were determined every 3 days for 24 days. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Extract was found to be rich in folic acid, ascorbic acid, and iron. Following the induction of anemia, the number of erythrocytes and the hemoglobin concentration decreased by 62.51% and 69.64%, respectively. Administration of standard hematinic preparation and extract (200 mg/kg) resulted in signifi cant increase (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt; 0.001; &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt; 0.01) in the number of RBCs as well as hemoglobin concentration when compared to the untreated phenyl hydrazine-induced anemic rats. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Extract effectively raised the level of hemoglobin and erythrocyte count at dose 200 mg/kg. Vitamin and minerals found in beetroot are most likely active ingredients responsible for its hematinic effects. Still, methodical studies are obligatory to derive its effects on humans.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Beta vulgaris&lt;/em&gt;, erythrocytes, hemoglobin, phenyl hydrazine.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Anupam Jaiswal&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Aditya Ganeshpurkar&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Ankita Awasthi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Divya Bansal&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Nazneen Dubey&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Drug Discovery Laboratory, Shri Ram Institute of Technology-Pharmacy, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India,&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Pharmaceutics Research Laboratory, Shri Ram Institute of Technology-Pharmacy, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">C.Elanchezhiyan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">K.Kumaravel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ahmad bhat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S.Sethupathy</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Protective role of  Helicteres isora plant extract on plasma and tissue glycoprotein components in streptozotocin induced hyperglycemic rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diabetes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Helicteres isora</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plasma Glycoproteins</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Streptozotocin</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">26th May 2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">86-91</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;The present investigation was carried out to evaluate the protective role of &lt;em&gt;Helicteres &lt;/em&gt;isora plant extract on glycoprotein metabolism in streptozotocin (STZ) induced type 2 diabetic rats. &lt;em&gt;Helicteres isora &lt;/em&gt;plant extract was administered orally (200 mg/kg body weight) for 40 days to normal and diabetic rats. The effects of Helicteres isora plant extract on plasma and tissue glycoproteins (hexose, hexosamine, sialic acid and fucose) were determined. The levels of plasma glycoproteins containing hexose, hexosamine, sialic acid and fucose were significantly increased in diabetic rats when compared with normal control rats. There was a significant decrease in the level of sialic acid and elevated levels of hexose, hexosamine and fucose in the liver and kidney of STZ induced diabetic rats. On oral administration of&lt;em&gt; Helicteres&lt;/em&gt; isora plant extract to diabetic rats showed decreased levels of plasma glycoproteins. The level of tissue sialic acid was increased whereas the levels of tissue hexose, hexosamine and fucose were reversed to near normal. The present study indicates that the&lt;em&gt; Helicteres&lt;/em&gt; isora plant extract possesses a significant protective effect on glycoprotein metabolism in addition to its anti-diabetic effect.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Helicteres &lt;/em&gt;isora, Diabetes, Plasma Glycoproteins, Streptozotocin.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;C Elanchezhiyan&lt;sup&gt;*1&lt;/sup&gt;, K Kumaravel&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Bilal Ahmad Bhat&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; and S Sethupathy&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Zoology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar-608002, Tamil Nadu, India&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Marine Biotechnology, CAS in Marine Biology, Annamalai University, Parangipettai&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Division of Medical Biochemistry, RMMCH, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar-608002.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meriem GHALEM</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salima MERGHACHE</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meriem BELARBI</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Study on the antioxidant activities of root extracts of Zizyphus lotus from the western region of Algeria</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">b-Carotene Bleaching assay</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DPPH radical scavenging activity assay</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power assay</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polyphenol contents</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Total Antioxidant Capacity test</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ziziphus lotus</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">26th May 2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">32-42</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To find a new natural source of antioxidant, the phenolic contents and antioxidant activities of some secondary metabolites extracted from roots of &lt;em&gt;Ziziphus lotus&lt;/em&gt; were evaluated. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The total polyphenol contents were determined spectrophotometrically. Pyrrocatechol, catechin and cyanidin equivalents were used for these parameters. The antioxidant activities of the extracts were determined by several &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; systems of assays, namely DPPH radical scavenging activity method, b-Carotene Bleaching assay (BCB), Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power assay (FRA P) and Total Antioxidant capacity test (TAC).&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The quantitative estimation showed that the roots of &lt;em&gt;Z. lotus&lt;/em&gt; were rich in polyphenols ( 20.09 mg PE/g DW) and proanthocyannidins (1.56%) and they contained a small amount of flavonoids (0.02 mg CE/g DW). The most fractions exhibited high antioxidant activities, and some even showed higher potency than the standard synthetic antioxidants in some instances. In DPPH assay, all extracts had shown significant inhibition (58.535 &amp;ndash; 94.730% at 1 mg/mL). In addition, the IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values ranged from 0.211 to 0.816 mg/mL, compared to 0.110, 0.214, 0.214 and 0.413 mg/mL for gallic acid, tannic acid, butylated-hydroxyanisol and ascorbic acid respectively. In (BCB) assay, the extracts showed strong inhibition (55.55 &amp;ndash; 100.00% at 1 mg/mL) and the IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values ranging from 0.123 to 0.850 mg/mL compared to 0.433 mg/mL for gallic acid. A dose dependant curve was obtained for all extracts in the FRAP assay. However, the antioxidant potencies of ascorbic acid and extracts were comparable at low concentrations. The majority of extracts showed the highest value of antioxidant activity, based on TAC test (0.073 &amp;ndash; 0.398 mg ascorbic acid / mg extract). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The results indicate that &lt;em&gt;Z. lotus&lt;/em&gt; roots could be an important sources of natural antioxidants.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ziziphus lotus&lt;/em&gt;, Polyphenol contents, DPPH radical scavenging activity assay, b-Carotene Bleaching assay, Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power assay, Total Antioxidant Capacity test.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Meriem GHALEM&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Salima MERGHACHE&lt;sup&gt;2*&lt;/sup&gt; and Meriem BELARBI&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Natural Products, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences of the Nature and the Life, University of Tlemcen, P.O. Box 119, Tlemcen 13000, Algeria&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Natural and Bioactive substances (LASNABIO), University of Tlemcen, P.O. Box 119, Tlemcen 13000, Algeria.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record></records></xml>