<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shabina Komath Chenoly</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vinodini NA</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abelmoschus esculentus Ameliorates Stress-Induced Cognitive Dysfunction via Antioxidant and Neuroprotective Mechanisms in Mice</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abelmoschus esculentus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acetylcholine esterase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">chronic stress</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Malondialdehyde</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morris water maze</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Superoxide dismutase</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">302-309</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The objective of this study was to determine if there were any effect of Abelmoschus esculentus on chronic stress induced memory loss. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The Swiss Albino Mice (n=30) were divided into five groups, namely control, chronic stress (90 days), chronic stress and ethanolic extract of Abelmoschus esculentus(200mg/kg body weight), and Chronic stress followed by diazepam (2mg/kg body weight), Chronic stress followed by diazepam (2mg/kg body weight) and ethanolic extract of abelmoschus esculentus (200mg/kg body weight). At the end of the experimental period (90 days), animal blood was collected retro-orbitally to analyze the cortisol, Brain tissue was homogenized, and antioxidants and Acetylcholine esterase level was estimated. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The Results of the data indicated that administering stress for a duration of 90 days led to a noticeable decline in spatial learning abilities in mice. Our findings indicate that combination of Abelmoschus esculentus and diazepam showed there was an significant improvement in retaining memory. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Study indicated that Abelmoschus esculentus shows promise as a viable treatment option for conditions of stress related memory impairment.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">302</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Shabina Komath Chenoly&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Vinodini NA&lt;sup&gt;2*&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Associate Professor, Department of Physiology, Vydehi Institute of Medical Sciences &amp;amp; Research Center EPIP area, Bangalore, 5600066, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Associate Professor, Department Of Physiology, Kasturba Medical college Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lalitha Tanjore Arunachalam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Snophia Suresh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vamsi Lavu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shankarram Vedamanickam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nissanthe Nagarajan</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andrographolide and Resveratrol as Potential Modulators of AIM2 and IFI16 Inflammasomes in Periodontitis: A Docking Study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">AIM2 inflammasome</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andrographolide</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IFI16 inflammasome</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular docking</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Periodontitis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Resveratrol</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">179-187</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Proinflammatory cytokines play a critical role in the destruction of periodontal tissues. DNAsensing inflammasomes, such as AIM2 and IFI16, are key mediators in the secretion of IL-1 and IL-18 and facilitate pyroptosis in periodontitis. Andrographolide and resveratrol are phytocompounds known for their anti-inflammatory effects, though their precise mechanisms of action remain uncertain. This study aimed to elucidate the molecular interactions of andrographolide and resveratrol with AIM2 and IFI16 inflammasomes using a computational approach. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Ten phytocompounds were selected and analyzed via molecular docking. Protein-ligand docking was conducted with AutoDock 4.2.6. Binding affinities and hydrogen bond interactions were assessed. Andrographolide and resveratrol complexes with AIM2 and IFI16 were further subjected to 100 ns molecular dynamics simulations using GROMACS software to assess complex stability. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Both andrographolide and resveratrol complexes demonstrated stability throughout the simulations, with adequate inter-hydrogen bonding. Molecular Mechanics Poisson-Boltzmann Surface Area (MMPBSA) analysis revealed that AIM2-andrographolide (-112.100 ± 18.106 kJ/mol) and IFI16-andrographolide (-50.047 ± 27.076 kJ/mol) complexes exhibited higher binding energies compared to AIM2-resveratrol (-15.328 ± 2.539 kJ/mol) and IFI16-resveratrol (-12.534 ± 20.184 kJ/mol) complexes. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Molecular docking and dynamics analyses indicate that andrographolide demonstrates a stronger binding affinity to AIM2 and IFI16 inflammasomes compared to resveratrol. This suggests andrographolide as a promising host modulatory candidate for the therapeutic management of periodontitis.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">179</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lalitha Tanjore Arunachalam&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Snophia Suresh&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Vamsi Lavu&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Shankarram Vedamanickam&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Nissanthe Nagarajan&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Periodontics, Thai Moogambigai Dental College Chennai&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Periodontics, Sri Ramachandra Dental College Chennai&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prasad Arvind Thakurdesai</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pallavi Onkar Deshpande</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Savita Raju Nimse</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-aging Efficacy and Safety of Topical Application of Two Standardized Fenugreek Seed Extracts on Facial Skin in Women: Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Clinical Study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-aging</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fenugreek seed extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Skin elasticity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Skin hydration</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">470-479</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Fenugreek (&lt;em&gt;Trigonella foenum graecum L.&lt;/em&gt;) is widely used in culinary and medicinal applications and has recently gained attention for its potential anti-aging properties. &lt;strong&gt;Objectives: &lt;/strong&gt;This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study evaluated the anti-aging efficacy and safety of topical application of flavonoid glycosides-based and eleutheroside-oligosaccharide-based standardized fenugreek seed extract creams, namely INDUS1520 and INDUS1530, respectively. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Seventy-five healthy women aged between 35 and 55 years with mild to moderate facial wrinkles were randomly allocated to receive either INDUS1520, INDUS1530, or a Placebo cream for 60 days. Efficacy outcomes included skin luminescence, color, trans-epidermal water loss, moisture content, gloss, elasticity, firmness, wrinkle depth, surface roughness, and collagen distribution. Safety was assessed using a dermatological assessment and subject-reported intolerance questionnaire for adverse events. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; INDUS1530 significantly improved skin hydration and wrinkle depth, while INDUS1520 significantly reduced transepidermal water loss compared with Placebo. Both creams showed a trend of decreased skin roughness and increased collagen distribution, although this difference was not statistically significant between the groups. All treatments, including Placebo, increased skin gloss. No adverse events or skin irritation were observed. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;Both fenugreek seed extract creams were well tolerated and demonstrated potential anti-aging benefits, with INDUS1530 showing more pronounced effects on skin hydration and wrinkle reduction. These findings support the use of standardized fenugreek seed extracts as safe and effective ingredients in anti-aging skin care products.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">470</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Prasad Arvind Thakurdesai&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Pallavi Onkar Deshpande&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Savita Raju Nimse&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Indus Biotech Limited, 1, Rahul Residency, Off Salunke Vihar Road, Kondhwa, Pune, INDIA&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anchana Babu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rekha D Kini</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nayanatara Arun Kumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Megha Gokul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vandana Blossom</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sreerag P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shymala Nayak</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant and Neuroprotective Potential of Ashwagandha In Aluminum-Induced Toxicity</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aluminum Chloride</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ashwagandha</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Malondialdehyde</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oxidative stress</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reactive Oxygen Species</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reduced glutathione</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">336-341</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction : &lt;/strong&gt;Aluminium is the most abundant metal and the third most common element in the Earth’s crust, following oxygen and silicon. Exposure to aluminium is associated with oxidative damage, primarily due to its ability to disrupt redox balance, generate reactive oxygen species, and impair antioxidant defense mechanisms.This study was aimed to find the potential role of ashwagandha on aluminium induced brain toxicity. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;In the present study rats were grouped into 4 groups of 6 rats in each. Brain tissue was removed and processed for biochemical and histopathological analysis. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; In the present study, administration of aluminium to rats resulted in a significant decrease in tissue GSH levels and a corresponding increase in MDA levels in the aluminium-treated group compared to the normal control.. Treatment with Ashwagandha showed a significant increase in GSH level and decrease in MDA level. Photomicrographic sections of the Brain in Ashwagandha-treated rats showed normla neuronal Count and exposure to Aluminium has caused significant reduction in the neuronal count. Experimental group pretreated with ashwagandha showed a visible increase in neuronal count in different regions of the rat brain.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The results revealed that oral administration of aluminium induced adverse oxidative effects in the exposed animals, while treatment with Ashwagandha markedly reduced the extent of aluminium chloride-induced brain injury.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">336</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Anchana Babu&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Rekha D Kini&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Nayanatara Arun Kumar&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Megha Gokul&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Vandana Blossom&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sreerag P&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Shymala Nayak&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Physiology, Kasturba Medical College Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Anatomy, Kasturba Medical College Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Physiology, Srinivas Institute of Medical Sciences &amp;amp; Research Centre, Mukka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry, Kasturba Medical College Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ali Napiah Nasution</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Juanto Tiojaya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stephanie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Erny Tandanu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suandy Suandy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andre Budi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Masdalena Nasution</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Comparison of the Effectiveness of Cream Extracts and VEGF Expression on Incision Wounds in Male Wistar Rats Treated with Ethanol Extracts of Papaya Leaf, Fruit Flesh, and Seeds (Carica Papaya L.)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Incision wound; Male Wistar rats; Papaya; VEGF</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">28-39</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Papaya (Carica papaya Linn) is a tropical fruit plant known for its medicinal benefits, including wound healing. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aimed to analyze and compare the potential of papaya leaf, fruit, and seed extracts in accelerating incision wound healing in male Wistar rats. Additionally, we compared the flavonoid content and stability of the extracts in cream formulations. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Creams containing 30% ethanol extracts of papaya leaf, fruit, and seeds were prepared and applied to the backs of male Wistar rats for two weeks. The wound diameter, epithelial thickness, fibroblast count, macrophage count, collagen density, and VEGF expression were measured after two weeks. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Our findings revealed no significant differences between the effects of the papaya leaf, fruit, and seed ethanol extracts on wound diameter, epithelial thickness, fibroblast count, macrophage count, and collagen density (p &amp;gt; 0.05). There were also no significant differences when compared to the negative control group (p &amp;gt; 0.05). The highest flavonoid content was found in the ethanol extract of papaya leaves. Application of the ethanol extract creams of leaf, fruit, and seeds had a significant effect on angiogenesis, as evidenced by VEGF expression (p = 0.002).&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Papaya leaf, fruit, and seed extracts are promising products for wound healing. Further research is recommended to conduct periodic histopathological examinations during the wound healing process and to explore different extract concentrations for optimal results.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">28</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ali Napiah Nasution*, Juanto Tiojaya, Stephanie, Erny Tandanu, Suandy Suandy, Andre Budi, Masdalena Nasution&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Health Sciences, Universitas Prima Indonesia, Medan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nithya Venugopal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Radhika Jayaraman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohammed Junaid Hussain Dowlath</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ganesh Munuswamy Ramanujam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sundarapandian Subramaniyan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pratheepa Sivasankari Natarajan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jayashri Seetharaman</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Comprehensive Analysis of Brassica oleracea: Phytochemical Composition, Radical Scavenging, and Anti-Proliferative Activity</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Broccoli</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DPPH</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FTIR</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ROS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">THP-1 cells</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">293-298</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Natural sources like plants, vegetables, and fruits contain vast micro and macro nutrients that are useful for livelihood and also act as a medicine for various health conditions. &lt;em&gt;Brassica &lt;/em&gt;vegetable naturally contains high antioxidant property which aids in removing free radicals caused by organelles during cellular process. The study aims at preparing &lt;em&gt;Brassica oleracea&lt;/em&gt; extracts using a range of polar and non-polar solvents and to evaluate its phytochemical, antioxidant and cytotoxicity properties. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Brassica oleracea&lt;/em&gt; was extracted using hexane, ethyl acetate and ethanol. All the extracts were subjected to phytochemical analysis and antioxidant activity was performed using DPPH method. The antiproliferative activity was perfomed on THP-1 cells by MTT assay. The extract showing maximum activity was then characterized using FTIR and GCMS. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The extract study infers positive results for major secondary metabolites (alkaloids, glycosides, proteins, phenols, tannins, steroids, flavonoids, terpenoids and diterpenes) and negative for quinones and coumarins. DPPH radical scavenging assay showed high antioxidant activity for ethanol extracts 45-91% at 5μg/mL followed by ethyl acetate (37%-80%) and hexane extract (23%-73%). The anti-proliferative activity in THP-1 cells, revealed that the ethanolic extract significantly decreases cell viability relative to hexane and ethyl acetate extracts, indicating its potential as a natural anticancer drug. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Cytotoxicity studies further demonstrated a concentration dependent effect on cell viability, indicating its potential bioactivity. The structural analysis performed with FTIR and GC-MS revealed important functional groups and bioactive compounds that could play a role in these effects&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">293</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nithya Venugopal&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Radhika Jayaraman&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Mohammed Junaid Hussain Dowlath&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ganesh Munuswamy Ramanujam&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sundarapandian Subramaniyan&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Pratheepa Sivasankari Natarajan&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Jayashri Seetharaman&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Anatomy, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, 603203, Kanchipuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Interdisciplinary Institute of Indian System of Medicine, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, 603203, Kanchipuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, 603203, Kanchipuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Anatomy, Vels Medical College and Hospital, Manjankaranai Village, Tiruvallur District -601102, Tamil Nadu, India.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rudresh Adarkar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chandrashekar K S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vasudev Pai</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Richard Lobo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aswatharam H N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vamshi Krishna Tippavajhala</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ullas Prakash D’Souza</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rajesh Kaverikana Shankara</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A Comprehensive Review on the Pharmacological Potential of Dioscorea bulbifera and its Potential Hepatotoxicity</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">air potato</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anticancer</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimicrobial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bioactive compounds</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dioscorea bulbifera</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medicinal plants</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">520-530</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dioscorea bulbifera&lt;/em&gt;, or the air potato has been studied and used in traditional medicine for centuries particularly in countries like China and India. It is loaded in different secondary metabolites such as steroidal saponins, flavonoids, diterpenoids, tannins, and carotenoids, which all play a major role in its pharmacological activities. Researchers have shown that it can be useful in the treatment of inflammation, microbial infections, oxidative stress, cancer, and liver diseases. even with these benefits there remains a shortage of clinical trials, toxicity assessment, and standardized extraction procedures to facilitate its application in herbal drug industry in a safe manner. One of the most striking features of &lt;em&gt;Dioscorea bulbifera&lt;/em&gt; is its antimicrobial activity especially in the fight against antibiotic-resistant bacteria. also, studies done on anticancer activity are actively being conducted with some compounds being reported to induce apoptosis in cancer cells and suppress the growth of tumour. However, talking about its drawbacks some diterpenoid compounds such as diosbulbin A have been reported to show hepatotoxicity in humans and hence further studies are required to determine its safety for therapeutic purposes. The other significant challenge to developing this plant as a standard drug is its variability in chemical composition. The bioactive content is dependent on its cultivation, so it is quite a challenge to control for consistent potency. Sophisticated analytical methods such as HPLC and LC-MS could be utilized to overcome this and contemporary drug delivery systems like nano-formulations could enhance its absorption and bioavailability. Bringing together the ancient herbal knowledge and new scientific inquiry might reveal even greater therapeutic applications of the plant constituents. In the future the studies need to penetrate deeply into its safety, carry out extensive clinical trials, and explore sustainable mechanisms for massproducing its major compounds. With additional studies,&lt;em&gt; Dioscorea bulbifera&lt;/em&gt; could become a prominent natural medicine, providing solutions for numerous health conditions while maintaining its traditional medicinal significance.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Review Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">520</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rudresh Adarkar&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Chandrashekar K S&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Vasudev Pai&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Richard Lobo&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Aswatharam H N, Vamshi Krishna Tippavajhala&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Ullas Prakash D’Souza&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Rajesh Kaverikana Shankara&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal-576104, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal-576104, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, NITTE (Deemed to be University, K S Hegde Medical Academy), Deralakatte, Mangaluru, Karnataka, INDIA – 575018.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Poulomi Chatterjee</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abhay Nirgude</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Designing, Developing and Deploying Smart Nutrition Education Intervention to Promote Nutrition Related Knowledge among School Children: A Cluster Randomized Control Trial</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Health-Education</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Internet-Based Intervention</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">knowledge</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nutritional-Sciences</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schools</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">703-713</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;School-children undergo rapid growth with high nutritional needs. Adequate nutritionalknowledge promotes healthy eating making nutrition-education essential. This study assessed the impact of a digital platform-based smart nutrition-education intervention on nutritional-knowledge among 10-14-year-old school-children in Mangalore. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The study was conducted in five private schools with 596 children equally assigned to intervention and control-clusters (n=298 each). An orientation preceded baseline assessment. Intervention-cluster received a six-month digital program with two educational videos per month on nutrition, diet-planning, physical-activity, lifestyle, and personal-hygiene. Data were collected at baseline, post-intervention and six-month follow-up; control-cluster were assessed at baseline and follow-up. Within-group differences were analyzed using Friedman/Wilcoxon (Bonferroni) test, between-group Mann-Whitney U test with effect sizes Kendall’s W and r. Analyses were performed in SPSS 27 (p&amp;lt;0.05). &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; At baseline, median nutritional-knowledge scores across all topics were similar between intervention and control-clusters with negligible effect-sizes (r) 0.001-0.024 and p&amp;gt;0.05. The intervention-cluster showed significant improvements across pre-test, post-test and follow-up (p&amp;lt;0.001) with pre-test to post-test (r=0.86-0.89) and pre-test to follow-up (r=0.84-0.89); a small decline from post-test to follow-up (r=0.20-0.62). The control-cluster showed no significant change (r=0.03-0.08, p&amp;gt;0.05). At follow-up intervention-cluster scored higher than controls across most topics (r=0.05-0.35, p&amp;lt;0.05) except “The food group system and its importance” (r=0.051, p=0.210). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; The digital platform-based intervention significantly improved and sustained nutritional-knowledge among school-children. Its cost-effective, accessible and user-friendly design enables integration into educational systems, adaptation to other health programs and may support therapeutic dietary strategies. Future research should assess its translation into behavioural and health outcomes.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">703</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Poulomi Chatterjee&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Abhay Nirgude&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Community Medicine, Yenepoya Medical College (YMC), Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangalore 575018, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Urarat Nanna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jarinyaporn Naowaboot</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Linda Chularojmontri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rawiwun Kaewamatawong</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sudarat Homhual</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suvara Wattanapitayakul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wanwisa Suwannaloet</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effects of Citrus aurantifolia Root Ethanolic Extract on Lipogenesis in Palmitate-Induced Lipid Accumulation in HepG2 Cells</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Citrus aurantifolia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lipid metabolism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lipogenesis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Obesity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">77-83</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Citrus aurantifolia &lt;/em&gt;(lime) is mostly found in tropical and subtropical region. The lime peel and lime juice extracts have antioxidant, antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory effects. However, the pharmacological effects of the lime root remain widely unknown. Thus, the current study investigated the effects of &lt;em&gt;Citrus aurantifolia&lt;/em&gt; root ethanolic extract (CA) on lipogenesis induced by palmitic acid (PA) in HepG2 cells. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The PA-induced lipogenesis in HepG2 cells was used for measuring lipogenic gene expression and lipid accumulation of CA. Phytochemical content was also determined in CA. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;In PA-treated group showed the state of hepatic lipid accumulation with increased lipogenic gene, acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), fatty acid synthase (FAS) and sterol regulatory element binding protein1c (SREBP1c) as compared to the control group. Interestingly, administration of CA (5-10 μg/mL) effectively reduced lipid storage and significantly decreased the expression of these lipogenic gene in PA-treated cells. Notably, CA treatment increased the gene expression of fatty acid oxidation, carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1A (CPT1A) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα). Furthermore, this study found that the major bioactive component from CA was nordentatin (coumarin group).&lt;strong&gt; Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; The results indicated that the CA treatment might be a useful agent for improving abnormal lipid metabolism in obesity-related nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">77</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Urarat Nanna&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Jarinyaporn Naowaboot&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Linda Chularojmontri&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Rawiwun Kaewamatawong&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sudarat Homhual&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Suvara Wattanapitayakul&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Wanwisa Suwannaloet&lt;sup&gt;4*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Preclinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani 12120, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, 34190, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;College of Medicine and Public Health, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, 34190, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Honnesh NH</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Santanu Saha</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evaluation of Antioxidant Activity and Flavonoid and Phytocompounds Content in Pongamia Pinnata Seed</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DPPH</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FRAP</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GCMS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karanjin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pongamia pinnata</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PPEAF</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Pongamia pinnata is a woody shrub and tree found in entire India mainly in dry areas. The seeds of P. pinnata are collected and traditionally oil is extracted and used to kill helminthes. The plant is a remedy for skin diseases, wound, rheumatism &amp;amp; ulcers and also as biofuel, green manure and fodder. This study is an attempt to know antioxidant activity of particular fraction which is having antifungal activity and flavonoid and fatty acids content which is responsible for the same. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and methods:&lt;/strong&gt; In this investigation, an effort was made to know the antioxidant activity of PPEAF by DPPH assay, FRAP assay and H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; assay methods and Optimization of mobile phase by TLC method and supporting major flavonoid content quantification by HPTLC method &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The result shown the ethyl acetate fraction has significant antioxidant activity of IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value of&lt;strong&gt; 212.09&lt;/strong&gt; (DPPH assay), &lt;strong&gt;235.87&lt;/strong&gt; (FRAP assay) and &lt;strong&gt;268.62&lt;/strong&gt; (H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; assay). The TLC method optimum mobile phase was found to be Toluene: ethyl acetate (7:3). The standard flavonoids used are Karanjin, Gallic acid and Quercetin. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The HPTLC method results shown PPEAF was found to contain 1.465% Karanjin. GCMS result shown the PPEAF contain 13 phytocompounds in which Octadec-9-enoic acid at retention time 22.356 was found to be abundant.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Honnesh NH&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Santanu Saha&lt;sup&gt;2*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Nitte College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 6429, NITTE Campus, Govindapura, Gollahalli, Yelahanka, Bangalore - 560 064, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Panner, Deralakatte, Mangaluru-575018, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Desi Novianti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">I Nyoman Ehrich Lister</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ali Napiah Nasution</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hepatoprotective Potential of Coffea arabica Extract Against Carbon Tetrachloride Induced Liver Damage: Ultrasonographic and Cytokine Evaluation</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CCl₄</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coffea arabica</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytokines</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hepatotoxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">liver protection</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ultrasonographic</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">742-750</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) is a hepatotoxic agent widely used to model liver injury in experimental animals, and coffee (&lt;em&gt;Coffea arabica&lt;/em&gt;) extract is known to contain various bioactive compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential. This study aimed to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of &lt;em&gt;Coffea arabica&lt;/em&gt; extract in male Wistar rats induced with CCl₄ through phytochemical analysis, liver biochemical parameters (albumin, bilirubin, SGOT, SGPT), inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, CRP), and liver morphology observations using ultrasonography and histopathology. The extract contained alkaloids, flavonoids, triterpenoids, saponins, and glycosides, with total phenolic and flavonoid contents of 51.32 mg GAE/g and 1.25 mg QE/g extract, respectively, and moderate antioxidant activity (IC₅₀ = 124.36 ppm). Administration of the extract at 300 mg/kg BW significantly improved liver structure, reduced TNF-α (120.62 ± 21.78 pg/mL), IL-6 (68 ± 14.44 pg/mL), CRP (199.0 ± 41.5 pg/mL), SGOT (147.0 ± 34.28 g/dL), and SGPT (69.6 ± 9.94 g/dL) levels, while increasing albumin (2.94 ± 0.34 g/dL) and reducing bilirubin (0.09 ± 0.04 mg/dL), approaching normal conditions. The 300 mg/kg BW dose showed the most optimal protective effect compared to other treatment groups, as evidenced by improvements in biochemical parameters, liver morphology, and hepatic histology, indicating that &lt;em&gt;Coffea arabica&lt;/em&gt; extract has strong potential as an effective hepatoprotective agent against CCl₄-induced liver damage&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">742</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Desi Novianti&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, I Nyoman Ehrich Lister&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Ali Napiah Nasution&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Doctoral Program, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Health Science, Universitas Prima Indonesia, Medan 20118, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Health Science, Universitas Prima Indonesia, Medan 20118, INDONESIA&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vishu Manchanda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bhagyalakshmi K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nayanatara Arun Kumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anupama N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rekha D Kini</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sneha Shetty</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Intermittent Fasting as a Non-Invasive Strategy to Mitigate Diabetes-Induced Complications in Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Intermittent fasting; Type 2 diabetes mellitus; Alloxan; Wistar rats; Physiological changes; Biochemical parameters; Histological changes</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">632-637</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; The global burden of diabetes mellitus is steadily increasing. Abnormal eating patterns and excess energy intake contribute to obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Although dietary modifications such as intermittent fasting have gained attention, evidence supporting their beneficial role in T2DM is limited. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To evaluate the beneficial effects of intermittent fasting on physiological, biochemical, and histological changes in a rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Healthy adult Wistar albino rats (150–200 g) were used. Diabetes was induced by administering alloxan (150 mg/kg). Animals were divided into four groups: Normal Control (Group I), Experimental Control (Group II), and Intermittent Fasting groups (Group III &amp;amp; Group IV). Physiological, biochemical, and histological parameters were assessed to determine the impact of intermittent fasting. Results: Intermittent fasting demonstrated a protective effect by reducing diabetes-induced physiological, biochemical, and histological alterations. Rats in the intermittent fasting groups showed improved outcomes compared to the experimental control group. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Intermittent fasting may serve as a potential non-invasive strategy to reduce diabetesrelated complications. Further studies focusing on molecular mechanisms are warranted to provide deeper insights into its protective role.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">632</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vishu Manchanda&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Bhagyalakshmi K&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Nayanatara Arun Kumar&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Anupama N&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Rekha D Kini&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Sneha Shetty&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Physiology, Kasturba Medical College Mangalore, Manipal Academy Higher Education, Manipal, India&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dinar S. C. Wahyuni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Raissa. K. Putri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anik Arniyanti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sasha H. Audita</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Syaiful Choiri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Saptono Hadi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rita Rakhmawati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Estu R. Nugraheni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soerya D. Marliyana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yudi Rinanto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ari Satia Nugraha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ahmad Ainurofiq</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Metabolomic Study on Indonesian Green Tea (Camellia Sinensis L.) Cultivation</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tea leaves; Camellia sinensis; metabolite profiling; 1H-NMR; Indonesia</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">331-341</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Indonesia has been one of the largest tea producers in the world with one of the reputable plantations in Ngargoyoso region, Java Island in which the plantation specified in five green teas variants, TRI 2024, TRI 2025, Gambong, Kiara and Chinruan. Despite their premium quality, there were limited metabolites information related to varieties, altitude, and plucking position existed in Ngargoyoso. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;this research aimed to investigate metabolite profiling affected by varieties, plucking positions and altitudes in the tea plantation grown in Ngargoyoso, Indonesia. &lt;strong&gt;Material and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Green tea (&lt;em&gt;Camellia sinensis&lt;/em&gt; L.) grown in the plantation are five varieties TRI 2025, Gambong, TRI2024, Kiara and Chinruan in Ngargoyoso. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;H NMR metabolomics protocol successfully identified TRI 2025 variety to have higher levels of theanine, catechins and caffeine than other varieties. The young leaves plucking position showed a higher level of catechin, EGCG, caffeine, theobromine, and L-glutamine than the older ones. While green tea at 1159 masl contains a higher level of theanine, L-glutamin, α-glucose, β-glucose, quinic acid, and succinic acid than those at 899 masl. This makes the TRI 2025 variety at the young position can be recommended to be the best quality in taste and benefits. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Present study might suggest the tea quality based on metabolites profiling both for taste and benefits.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">331</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dinar S. C. Wahyuni&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Raissa. K. Putri&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Anik Arniyanti&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Sasha H. Audita&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Syaiful Choiri&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Saptono Hadi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Rita Rakhmawati&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Estu R. Nugraheni&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Soerya D. Marliyana&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Yudi Rinanto&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Ari Satia Nugraha&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt; and Ahmad Ainurofiq&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Active Pharmaceutical Discovery and Development Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, Universitas Sebelas Maret Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A Surakarta 57 126, Central Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Chemistry Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A Surakarta 57 126, Central Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Biology Education Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A Surakarta 57 126, Central Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Drug Utilisation and Discovery Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Jember, Jl. Kalimantan I/2, Jember, 68121, East Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sridevi N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thirumal M</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Microscopic Standardization and Bioactive Profiling of Cissampelos pareira Roots</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">733-741</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;The present study focuses on the pharmacognostic characterization and phytochemical profiling of &lt;em&gt;Cissampelos pareira &lt;/em&gt;roots to establish reliable diagnostic features for identification and standardization.&lt;em&gt; C. pareira&lt;/em&gt;, a medicinal plant from the family Menispermaceae, is often erroneously identified as &lt;em&gt;Cyclea peltata&lt;/em&gt; due to morphological similarities, highlighting the need for detailed microscopic evaluation. Macroscopic and microscopic analyses revealed distinctive features such as a multilayered cork, lignified stone cells, medullary rays, vascular strands, starch grains, and calcium oxalate crystals. Histochemical tests confirmed the presence of alkaloids, phenolics, mucilage, lignin, starch, and oils in specific tissues. Preliminary phytochemical screening of ethanolic root extracts indicated the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, steroids, sterols, tannins, terpenoids, essential oils, and amino acids, while saponins and anthraquinones were absent. Physicochemical parameters such as total ash (6.5% w/w) and water-soluble extractive (16.8% w/w) supported quality evaluation. These findings validate the ethnomedicinal uses of &lt;em&gt;C. pareira &lt;/em&gt;in treating inflammatory, febrile, and reproductive disorders and provide essential pharmacognostic markers for authentication and prevention of adulteration. The study further underscores the plant’s phytochemical richness, warranting advanced analytical and pharmacological investigations to substantiate its therapeutic potential.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">733</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sridevi N&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Thirumal M&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;SRM College of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anchana Babu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rekha D Kini</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nayanatara Arun Kumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Megha Gokul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bhagyalakshmi K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sneha Shetty B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vinodini NA</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Potential Role of Ashwagandha [Withania Somnifera] As An Antioxidant On Aluminium Chloride-Induced Testicular Damage In Wistar Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Malondialdehyde</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reactive Oxygen Species</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reduced glutathione</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sperm morphology</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">583-587</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Aluminium is most prevalent and third most abundant element in earth crust after oxygen. Its exposure in high concentration can accumulate in many organs that damage various organs in living organisms like humans and animals. Although aluminum (Al) is known to induce oxidative damage through various mechanisms including binding to negatively charged phospholipids on the membrane of various tissue cell which are rich in PUFA.Hence,this study was aimed to find the potential role of ashwagandha on aluminum induced testicular toxicity. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Animals were segregated into 4 groups of 6 rats in each. The control group, the Ashwagandha treated group, the Aluminum intoxicated group, pretreated with Ashwagandha with Aluminum intoxicity group. Testicular tissue was removed and were stored in 10% formalin saline and histopathological slides were done . A part of the tissues were processed for estimation of MDA and GSH level. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;In the present study administration of aluminum in rats showed a significant decrease in the testicular tissue level of GSH and sperm count, as well as increase in the level of MDA and sperm morphology in aluminum treated group compared to normal control. Treatment with Ashwagandha showed a significant increase in testicular GSH level, sperm count and decrease in MDA level sperm morphology. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The results of this study revealed that oral Aluminum Chloride administration induced adverse oxidative effects on the exposed animals and treatment with&lt;em&gt; W. somnifera &lt;/em&gt;reduced the extent of aluminium chloride-induced tissue injury&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">583</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Anchana Babu&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Rekha D Kini&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Nayanatara Arun Kumar&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Megha Gokul&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Bhagyalakshmi K&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Sneha Shetty B&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Vinodini NA&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Physiology, Kasturba Medical College Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paresh G. Koli</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yashashri Shetty</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reetu Sharma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bal Krishan Sevatkar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anaya A. Pathrikar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hemant S. Paradkar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mukesh B Chawda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sangam S. Narvekar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Megha L. Nalawade</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pawankumar R. Godatwar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A Prospective, Multi-centre, Open label, Single arm Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Amlapitta Mishran Suspension in Participants with Amlapitta (Symptomatic Gastritis)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ayurveda</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gastritis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Symptom scores</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">545-551</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;The multi-center clinical study was conducted to revalidate the efficacy and safety of Amlapitta Mishran Suspension in Amlapitta (symptomatic gastritis) in a larger sample size in improving Amlapitta Symptom Rating Scale Score, PPDS score, EPS score, and safety. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The study was a multi-centric, open-labeled, single-arm, prospective clinical trial in participants with Amlapitta (symptomatic gastritis). Participants with the presence of Amlapitta (symptomatic gastritis), as diagnosed by the Amlapitta Symptom Rating Scale Score ≥ 5 were included in the study. Participants were advised to take Amlapitta Mishran Suspension in a dose of 15 ml twice daily for 14 days. The study involved three visits. The investigator recorded the Amlapitta Symptom Rating Scale (ASRS) Score, Post Prandial Distress Syndrome (PPDS) Score, and Epigastric Pain Syndrome (EPS) Score at screening visit (Visit 1), baseline visit (Visit 2) and final visit (Visit 3). The p&amp;lt;0.05 was considered statistically significant measured by paired t-test or Wilcoxon Signed Rank test. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;In the multi-center study 204 participants completed the study. At final visit, a statistically significant (p&amp;lt;0.001) reduction was reported in mean Total ASRS score, PPDS score, and EPS score as compared to the baseline scores. The individual ASRS, PPDS, and EPS variables also exhibited significant reduction (p&amp;lt;0.001) at the final visit. None of the participants reported any adverse events during the study. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Amlapitta Mishran Suspension treatment for 14 days effectively and safely reduced the clinical symptoms of Amlapitta (symptomatic gastritis) assessed by Amlapitta Symptom Rating Scale, Postprandial Distress Syndrome and Epigastric Pain Syndrome scores.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">545</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Paresh G. Koli&lt;sup&gt;1*,&lt;/sup&gt; Yashashri Shetty&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Reetu Sharma&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Bal Krishan Sevatkar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Anaya A. Pathrikar&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Hemant S. Paradkar&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Mukesh B Chawda&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Sangam S. Narvekar&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Megha L. Nalawade&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Pawankumar R. Godatwar&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai. INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Roga Nidana Evum Vikriti Vigyana, National Institute of Ayurveda, Madhav Vilas Palace, Jorawar Singh Gate Amer Road, Jaipur - 302 002. INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Kayachikitsa, Ayurvidya Prasarak Mandal’s, Seth R.V. Ayurvedic Hospital, Sion (E), Mumbai - 400 022. INDIA&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Medical Services, Solumiks Herbaceuticals Limited, 135, Nanubhai Desai Road, Khetwadi, Mumbai - 400 004. INDIA&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Medical Services, Shree Dhootapapeshwar Limited, 135, Nanubhai Desai Road, Khetwadi, Mumbai – 400 004. INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Shree Dhootapapeshwar Limited, 135, Nanubhai Desai Road, Khetwadi, Mumbai - 400 004. INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Roga Nidana Evum Vikriti Vigyana, National Institute of Ayurveda, Madhav Vilas Palace, Jorawar Singh Gate, Amer Road Jaipur - 302 002. INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mfundisi Nhlapo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brian Ngobeni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Idah Manduna</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A Review: Medicinal Uses, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Properties of Plants from the Hermannia Genus</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bioactive compounds</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">drug development</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hermannia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacological activities</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemistry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Secondary metabolites</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Traditional medicine</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">384-393</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Medicinal plants play a pivotal role in treating illnesses and modern medicines are still being derived from plants. Hermannia genus is a significant traditional herbal medicine. This review evaluates the medicinal uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological properties of plants from the genus Hermannia genus based on available research. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Studies accessed from online research databases were systematically selected and analysed to construct a comprehensive review of the medicinal uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological properties of plants from the genus. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Hermannia species are used in traditional medicine to treat or manage; respiratory conditions, gastrointestinal issues, skin conditions, sexually transmitted infections, and diabetes. Scientific findings also discovered promising pharmacological activities within members of the genus such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antidiabetic and anticancer activities. To date, over 30 types of secondary metabolites have been identified from the genus, including the 2 pure compounds that were isolated and tested for pharmacological activities. Further research must prioritize other unexplored species of the genus and efficacy and mechanism of action studies on isolated compounds. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The genus Hermannia is important in the treatment of diseases of high public health concern. The pharmacological studies and presence of secondary metabolites and bioactive compounds further validates the traditional uses of the genus. Therefore, the findings suggest that the genus has species that may serve as candidates for novel drug discovery for the treatment of various illnesses. Efficacy and mechanism of action studies still need to be conducted on isolated compounds and other unexplored species of the genus.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Review Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">384</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mfundisi Nhlapo&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Brian Ngobeni&lt;sup&gt;2*&lt;/sup&gt;, Idah Manduna&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Health Sciences, Central University of Technology, Free State, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Clinical Sciences, Central University of Technology, Free State SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Centre for Applied Food Sustainability and Biotechnology, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Central University of Technology, Free State, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prajna R H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shivananda Nayak</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Priya V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shruthi Rai P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shivaraja shankara Y M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prashanthkumar Goudappala</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dinesh PV</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Namratha KG</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The role of TNF-Alpha, IL-6, Adiponectin, and Leptin in Inflammation and Metabolic Dysregulation in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adiponectin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IL-6</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inflammation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leptin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Metabolic Dysregulation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TNF-Alpha</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Type 2 diabetes mellitus</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">699-702</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by chronic inflammation and metabolic dysregulation. The present study investigates the role of inflammatory markers, including TNF-alpha and IL-6, and metabolic hormones such as adiponectin and leptin, in individuals with T2DM. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; A total of 147 participants diagnosed with T2DM were included in the study. Clinical and biochemical parameters, including fasting blood sugar (FBS), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C), adiponectin, leptin, TNF-alpha, and IL-6, were measured. Descriptive statistics and correlation analysis were performed to determine associations between inflammatory markers and metabolic dysregulation.&lt;strong&gt; Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The mean age of participants was &lt;strong&gt;42.63 ± 6.38 &lt;/strong&gt;years, and the average BMI was &lt;strong&gt;28.38 ± 2.25 kg/m²&lt;/strong&gt;. FBS and HbA1C levels were &lt;strong&gt;175.72 ± 61.61 mg/dL&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;7.26 ± 0.94%,&lt;/strong&gt; respectively. The mean adiponectin and leptin levels were &lt;strong&gt;4.71 ± 1.75 μg/mL&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;20.58 ± 5.19 ng/mL&lt;/strong&gt;, respectively. TNF-alpha and IL-6 levels averaged &lt;strong&gt;132.00 ± 9.45 pg/mL&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;33.52 ± 14.55 pg/mL&lt;/strong&gt;, respectively. Correlation analysis indicated an inverse relationship between adiponectin and BMI, while leptin was positively correlated with BMI and insulin levels. Elevated TNFalpha and IL-6 levels were associated with increased HbA1C and fasting blood glucose. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;This study highlights the significant role of inflammatory markers in metabolic dysregulation among T2DM patients. Elevated TNF-alpha and IL-6 levels reinforce the link between chronic inflammation and impaired glucose metabolism. These findings underscore the need for anti-inflammatory strategies in diabetes management.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">699</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Prajna R H&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Shivananda Nayak&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Priya V&lt;sup&gt;4*&lt;/sup&gt;, Shruthi Rai P&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Shivaraja shankara Y M&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Prashanthkumar Goudappala&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;, Dinesh PV&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;, Namratha KG&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Research scholar, SaveethaResearch Center, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences(SIMATS), Chennai, INDIA,600077&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry, KVG Medical College and Hospital, Sullia, INDIA, 574327&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Subbaiah Institute of Medical Science, Shivamogga, INDIA,577222&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Professor, Center of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University Chennai, INDIA,600077&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Professor, Department of Biochemistry, KVG Medical College and Hospital, Sullia, INDIA, 574327&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Professor, Department of Biochemistry, KVG Medical College and Hospital, Sullia, INDIA, 574327&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Sri Siddhartha Medical College, Sri Siddhartha Academy of Higher Education, Tumkur, INDIA ,572107&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;Professor, Department of Community medicine, KVG Medical College and Hospital, Sullia, INDIA, 574327&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;Professor, Department of Microbiology, KVG Medical College and Hospital,Sullia , INDIA, 574327.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sainjargal Ayush</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Selenge Erdenechimeg</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ao Wuliji</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hua Naranmandura</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bold Sharav</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Javkhlan Bold</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A Study on Arsenic and Arsenic-Containing Mineral Medicines Referenced in Ancient Books of Traditional Mongolian Medicine</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arsenic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ingredient</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">manuscript</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mineral medicines</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Traditional medicine</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">270-274</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Arsenic was used to distinguish between red stone poison and white stone poison in traditional medicine from ancient times. However, there is no specific study conducted on &quot;stone arsenic&quot; based on ancient Mongolian medical books and manuscripts. Therefore, this study aims to collect and analyse information on arsenic recorded in ancient traditional medical scriptures and books written in Mongolian and Tibetan as early as the 19&lt;sup&gt;th &lt;/sup&gt;to late 20&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; centuries, with a focus on its medical applications and associated terminology. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The hermeneutic research method emphasises the interpretive analysis of ancient texts, communications, and their interrelations. Employing the hermeneutics method, we focused on interpreting the meanings within ancient medical texts and manuscripts, including the terminology of the sources selected for analysis. The checklist method was used to categorise and list the facts and information about arsenic in the study sources. The relevant components of the collected information and facts regarding arsenic and arsenic-containing mineral medicines were examined. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Several sources of traditional Mongolian medicine have mentioned the use of arsenic as a standalone substance. Additionally, there is limited information about its use in combination with other medications. During the research, it was discovered that an ancient manuscript mentioned its use as an active ingredient. This manuscript, a single-page scripture, is poorly written but contains rare information. The active ingredient of this medicine is arsenic, and the other four ingredients are sulphur native, sal ammoniac, realgar, and resin of the plant Shorea robusta. It is mixed with aged oil and applied to various wounds, and is regarded as one of the most effective remedies for all ulcers and wounds. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The research results revealed that there are several clear references to arsenic in ancient traditional Mongolian medical books and manuscripts written in Tibetan and Mongolian. The Tibetan name for arsenic is &lt;em&gt;rdo dug&lt;/em&gt;, the Mongolian name is khüntsel, and the Latin name is Arsenicum. The findings indicate that arsenic is incorporated into several traditional prescriptions and serves as an active component in certain medicinal formulations.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">270</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sainjargal Ayush&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Selenge Erdenechimeg&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ao Wuliji&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Hua Naranmandura&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Bold Sharav&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Javkhlan Bold&lt;sup&gt;4*&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Traditional Medicine, Mongolian University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MONGOLIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Research Institute of Mongolian Medicine, Technology of Inner Mongolia, CHINA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, CHINA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, JAPAN. 5Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, MONGOLIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chandrashekar R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Robin Shetty</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rashmi B R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vinodini NA</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sub-Acute Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Leucas indica Ethanolic Leaf Extract in Wistar Rats Using the Cotton Pellet Granuloma Model</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cotton pellet granuloma</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leucas indica</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sub-acute anti-inflammatory activity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">458-460</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;This study investigated the sub-acute anti-inflammatory potential of Leucas indica leaves using the cotton pellet granuloma model in Wistar albino rats. Fifty rats were randomly assigned to five groups (n = 10 per group). Sterile cotton pellets (~20 ± 1 mg) were prepared and autoclaved before subcutaneous implantation at the nape of the neck following sedation with pentobarbitone sodium (30 mg/kg, orally) and skin disinfection with 70% ethanol. Treatment regimens included: a control group receiving 3 mL of 1% gum acacia (orally), a standard group administered Indomethacin (10 mg/kg, orally), and three test groups receiving leaves of Leucas indica ethanolic extract at 75, 150, and 300 mg/kg, three times daily for seven days. On the eighth day, the animals were humanely sacrificed, and the implanted pellets were removed, dried, and weighed to assess inflammatory response. Key parameters, including granuloma formation, transudative weight, and percentage inhibition, were analysed using ANOVA with Dunnett’s multiple comparison test (p &amp;lt; 0.05 considered significant). Standard drug (Indomethacin) produced a highly significant reduction (p&amp;lt;0.01) in all three parameters (WW, DW, TW), confirming the model's validity and the drug’s strong anti-inflammatory effect. EELLI at 75 mg/kg showed no statistically significant reduction, indicating weak or no anti-inflammatory activity at this dose. EELLI at 150 mg/kg and 300 mg/ kg showed a significant reduction in: Wet weight (WW): Suggests decreased exudation and inflammation. Dry weight (DW): Indicates reduced granuloma formation (proliferative phase). Transudative weight (TW): Reflects reduced fluid accumulation. The ethanolic extract of Leucas indica (EELLI) exhibited significant sub-acute anti-inflammatory activity at 150 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg, as evidenced by reduced granuloma weight and fluid accumulation. The effect, though moderate compared to Indomethacin, supports the plant’s traditional use and warrants further investigation.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">458</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Chandrashekar R&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Robin Shetty&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Rashmi B R&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Vinodini NA&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1 &amp;amp; 2&lt;/sup&gt;Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacology, A.J. Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Kuntikana, Mangalore, Karnataka, INDIA&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Assistant Professor, Department of Physiology, A.J. Institute of Allied Health Sciences, Kuntikana, Mangalore, Karnataka, INDIA&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Associate Professor, Department: Physiology, Kasturba Medical college Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, INDIA&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olivia Des Vinca Albahana Napitupulu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gusbakti Rusip</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maya Sari Mutia</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Therapeutic Effects of Combined Zinc and α-Tocopherol Administration in a Rat Model of Staphylococcus aureus-Induced Sepsis</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CRP</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Histopathology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IL-6</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oxidative stress</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sepsis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Staphylococcus aureus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TNF-α</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vitamin E</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">zinc</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">275-283</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Sepsis induces systemic inflammation through excessive production of proinflammatory cytokines, leading to oxidative stress, tissue damage, and multiorgan dysfunction. This study aimed to evaluate the synergistic effects of combined zinc and vitamin E (α-tocopherol) supplementation on inflammatory and biochemical parameters in&lt;em&gt; Staphylococcus aureus&lt;/em&gt;-induced sepsis in male Wistar rats. Thirty rats were divided into six groups: (1) normal control, (2) Placebo control (sepsis without therapy), (3) positive control (levofloxacin 45 mg/kg BW + zinc 0.9 mg/kg BW + vitamin E 250 mg/kg BW), and (4–6) treatment groups receiving combined zinc (0.9, 1.8, and 2.7 mg/kg BW) with vitamin E (250 mg/kg BW). Sepsis was induced intraperitoneally, followed by treatment according to group. On day 9, serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6, CRP, AST, ALT, urea, creatinine, and albumin were analyzed, while lung and kidney, were examined histologically. The combination of zinc and vitamin E significantly decreased TNF-α, IL-6, and CRP levels while improving biochemical parameters and increasing serum albumin compared to the untreated group (p ≤ 0.05). The highest efficacy was observed with zinc 2.7 mg/kg BW and vitamin E 250 mg/kg BW, which showed over 50% reduction in tissue damage, reduced inflammatory cell infiltration and interstitial hemorrhage in lung tissue, and improved hepatic cellular regeneration. These findings suggest that zinc and vitamin E exert synergistic anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects, indicating their potential as adjuvant therapy in sepsis management.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">275</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Olivia Des Vinca Albahana Napitupulu&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Gusbakti Rusip&lt;sup&gt;2*&lt;/sup&gt;, Maya Sari Mutia&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Doctoral Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Prima Indonesia, Medan, INDONESIA&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Prima Indonesia, Medan, INDONESIA&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Deparment of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Prima Indonesia, Medan, INDONESIA&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Monika S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sridevi N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ranjitha S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Harini V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oviya R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tharun Adhithya M B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thirumal M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vignesh S</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Traditional claims to Scientific Evidence: A Analysis of Trachyspermum ammi</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ajwain</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Apiaceae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Histochemical studies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognostical study</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">standardization</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">425-433</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Trachyspermum ammi &lt;/em&gt;(Ajwain) is a medicinally significant plant belonging to the Apiaceae family, widely cultivated in various regions, including India, Iran, and Egypt. &lt;strong&gt;Objectives: &lt;/strong&gt;This study provides a detailed Pharmacognostic evaluation of ajwain through macroscopic, microscopic, powder microscopy, histochemical, and preliminary phytochemical analyses, along with standardization parameters for crude drug validation. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Ajwain fruits were collected and authenticated by a certified botanist. Macroscopic and microscopic analyses were conducted using digital and compound microscopes. Powder microscopy, histochemical staining, preliminary phytochemical screening, and physicochemical standardization, such as ash values, extractive values, and moisture content, were performed. &lt;strong&gt;Result: &lt;/strong&gt;Macroscopic observations confirmed the fruit’s distinctive morphological features, while microscopic studies detailed the anatomical structure, including the presence of vittae, epicarp with papillae, and oil globules. Powder microscopy further verified characteristic elements such as anomocytic stomata, fibers, annular vessels, and phenolic compounds. Histochemical tests revealed the presence of bioactive compounds like alkaloids, flavonoids, lignin, and mucilage, which contribute to its therapeutic properties. These findings substantiate the traditional medicinal applications of ajwain, particularly in gastrointestinal and respiratory treatments. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The study provides essential diagnostic markers for quality control and standardization in herbal medicine, laying a foundation for future pharmacological investigations.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">425</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Monika S&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Sridevi N&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ranjitha S&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Harini V&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Oviya R&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Tharun Adhithya M B&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Thirumal M&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Vignesh S &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu – 603 203, INDIA&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dr. MGR Educational and Research Institute. INDIA&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sri Balaji Medical campus and Hospital, BIHER, Chromepet. INDIA&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, P.S.V.College of Pharmaceutical Science &amp;amp; Research, Orappam, Krishnagiri&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bassam A. Hazae</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yetti Hernaningsih</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Puspa Wardhani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fatima Albadwi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nastasya Nunki</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abnormalities in Hemostatic Parameters Related to Hemodialysis in End-stage Kidney Pathology: A Narrative Review</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coagulation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">End-stage Kidney Disease (ESKD)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hemodialysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hemostasis</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1223-1230</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressively prevalent global health issue. During the initial phases of the condition, CKD is commonly linked to a tendency for excessive blood clotting. While in the end-stage of disease, patients undergoing hemodialysis have a multitude of hemostatic abnormalities. These include prolonged bleeding time, altered platelet count, prolonged PT and aPTT, elevated FDPs and D-dimer, dysregulated vWF activity, and abnormal thrombin generation. These changes result from a combination of uremic toxicity, endothelial dysfunction, inflammatory states, and the effects of the hemodialysis procedure itself. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for managing and mitigating the bleeding and thrombotic risks in this patient population. This review aims to systematically investigate the effects of hemodialysis on key hemostasis parameters in CKD patients.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Review Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1223</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bassam A. Hazae&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Yetti Hernaningsih&lt;sup&gt;2,3,4*&lt;/sup&gt;, Puspa Wardhani&lt;sup&gt;2,3,4,5&lt;/sup&gt;, Fatima Albadwi&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Nastasya Nunki&lt;sup&gt;1,7&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory Medicine Study Interest, Master Program of Basic Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;²Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, East Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;⁴Postgraduate School of Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Master student, Biotechnology and Bioengineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, CHINA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Health, Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Surabaya, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sri Benti Etika</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Desy Kurniawati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Melindra Mulia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rahni Darussalam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Okta Suryani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Edi Nasra</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nada frista</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adsorption of Metanil Yellow Using Flavonoid Extract from Longan Peel (Dimocarpus longan): Optimization of pH and Concentration</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adsorption</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Batch</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Longan Peel</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Metanil Yellow</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1315-1319</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Water pollution can come from industrial waste containing various toxic pollutants, one of which is dye. Hazardous dyes are stable and resistant to biodegradation due to their complex aromatic structure, so dyes need to be treated. Metanil Yellow is a dye that is harmful to aquatic life and the human body. One method that can be used is adsorption with the batch method because it has the advantage of low cost and simple processing. Flavonoid extracts have high potential to be used as biosorbents because they have hydroxyl and carbonyl groups. This study aims to determine the potential of flavonoid extracts to adsorb metanil yellow dye using optimum pH and solution concentration and to determine its absorption capacity. The results showed that the optimum pH obtained was at pH 2 and the optimum solution concentration was at 150 ppm with an absorption capacity of 9.22078 mg/g.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1315</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sri Benti Etika, Desy Kurniawati *, Melindra Mulia, Rahni Darussalam, Okta Suryani, Edi Nasra, Nada frista&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Widya Firly Novitasari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jusak Nugraha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mia Ratwita Andarsini</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Betty Agustina Tambunan</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analysis of Hepcidin and Interleukin-6 Levels among Transfusion-Dependent Thalassemia Patients With and Without Alloimmunization/Autoimmunization</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anemia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibodies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hepcidin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Interleukin-6</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Transfusion-Dependent Thalassemia</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">60-66</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Transfusion-dependent thalassemia (TDT) necessitates regular transfusions, resulting in complications such as iron overload, hemolytic anemia, and the emergence of alloantibodies/ autoantibodies. This situation poses challenges in obtaining compatible transfusions. Excessive iron and chronic hemolysis impact the elevation of Interleukin-6 (IL-6), initiating an inflammatory process that triggers hepcidin formation and influences antibody development. This study aims to analyze disparities in IL-6 and hepcidin levels and establish the correlation between IL-6 and hepcidin in TDT patients with and without alloimmunization/autoimmunization.&lt;strong&gt; Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Forty whole blood samples were collected from TDT patients with and without alloimmunization/autoimmunization, centrifuged, and the serum extracted, then stored in a refrigerator at -80°C. IL-6 and hepcidin levels were assessed using the ELISA method. The Mann-Whitney U test was employed to evaluate differences in hepcidin and IL-6 levels between the two groups. In contrast, the Spearman Correlation test was utilized to analyze the correlation between hepcidin and IL-6 levels. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; IL-6 levels in the TDT group with alloimmunization/autoimmunization (3.64 pg/ mL) were significantly higher compared to the TDT group without alloimmunization/autoimmunization (1.41 pg/mL; p &amp;lt; 0.05). Hepcidin levels in the TDT group with alloimmunization/autoimmunization (2,950.6 pg/mL) were significantly higher compared to the TDT group without alloimmunization/autoimmunization (1,599.6 pg/mL; p &amp;lt; 0.05). The Spearman correlation test revealed a significant positive correlation between hepcidin and IL-6 levels in TDT patients with alloimmunization/autoimmunization (r = 0.764; p = 0.000). Additionally, a significant positive correlation was observed between hepcidin and IL-6 levels in TDT patients without alloimmunization/autoimmunization (r = 0.559; p = 0.010). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; IL-6 and hepcidin levels were elevated in TDT patients with alloimmunization/autoimmunization compared to those without. Interleukin-6 and hepcidin exhibited a positive correlation in both transfusion-dependent thalassemia groups.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">60</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Widya Firly Novitasari&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Jusak Nugraha&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Mia Ratwita Andarsini&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Betty Agustina Tambunan&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;,*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Clinical Pathology Specialist Medicine Academic Program, Departement of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Departement of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Departement of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evawati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nurhaedar Jafar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Healthy Hidayanty</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sudirman Natsir</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Razak Thaha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ridwan Amiruddin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Citrakesumasari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lucy Widiasari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Mallongi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analysis of the Giving of Mp-Asi Through Food Based on Majene's Local Wisdom for Stunting Prevention</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Food based Local</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MP-ASI</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stunting Prevention</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">372-377</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Majene Society own tradition and knowledge typical in selecting, processing, and consuming food. Use food local can maintain diversity food and culture local. Food local has proven effective for growth baby optimally. &lt;strong&gt;Goals:&lt;/strong&gt; With do comprehensive analysis to provision of MP-ASI through foodbased wisdom local Majene, expected can an effective and sustainable stunting prevention program was developed.&lt;strong&gt; Method: &lt;/strong&gt;Method research used is study qualitative with design phenomenology. Informant in study This are 103 Baduta mothers who are exclusively breastfed, and live in rural districts Pamboang and District Tameroddo. Data analyzed use content analysis through N-Vivo 12 app. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Food tree chief in Tameroddo is rice red Because rice red become plant lots of fields found and easy grows in mountainous areas. Meanwhile in the Coastal Region Pamboang Still consistent with rice white or yams. Typical vegetables is leaf moringa, Langurru ', and Lallere '. Government Regency Majene push planting leaf moringa in each home easy get and help in increase continuity food, savings cost, and independence food in Majene. Besides That, leaf moringa of course known known as &quot; tree magic &quot; because mark high nutrition. Majene Society own access and consumption vegetables langngurru ' and lallere ' are just that found in the area mountains Tameroddo. Usually leaf This used as plant medicine, but in this area made as processed vegetables with add mango sour. Side dish typical Majene known with called &quot; Baupapi &quot;. Habit consumption child given Eat with Fish sauce is considered Already enough , even often this fish sauce considered as replacement vegetables , though very easy found various the main fish species in the coastal area Pamboang . Known Pineapple in local language Majene as “Pandeng” is easiest fruit found Because grow with flourish in the yards House citizen. Findings food local the has content test nutrition and recipe test so that can used as the proper MP-ASI menu for given to baby for optimal growth. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions and Suggestions:&lt;/strong&gt; Important For ensure that kids get too consumption of fish or other protein sources as well as nutrition from vegetables and sources food other. Order child get appropriate nutrition through provision of adequate MP-ASI. Recommended to nanny , power health and government regency Majene to encourage provision of local MP-ASI with still notice mark appropriate nutrition , MP -ASI module as research output This can used as guidelines Proper provision of MP-ASI .&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">372</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Evawati&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Nurhaedar Jafar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Healthy Hidayanty&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sudirman Natsir&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Razak Thaha&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Ridwan Amiruddin&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Citrakesumasari&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Lucy Widiasari&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Anwar Mallongi&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Doctoral Program Student, Public Health Faculty, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Nutrition Department, Public Health Faculty, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Health Promotion, Public Health Faculty, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Epidemiology, Public Health Faculty, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Urmila M Aswar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Savita R. Nimse</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prasad A. Thakurdesai</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Androgenic Efficacy and Mechanism of Glycosides-Based  Standardized Fenugreek Seeds Extract Through Aromatase And  5-Alpha Reductase Inhibition</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Androgenic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fenugreek extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Glycosides</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sexual Behavior</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spermatogenic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Testosterone</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">09-19</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Fenugreek seeds glycosides content have many health benefits. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To evaluate the androgenic efficacy and probable mechanism of glycosides-based standardized fenugreek seed extract (SFSE-G) in laboratory rats. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Male Wistar rats were administrated with 28-days of once-daily oral administration of SFSE-G (10 or 35 mg/kg) on sexual and orientational behavior with female rats, serum testosterone concentrations, weights of reproductive system-related organs (seminal vesicles, prostate, levator ani), nitric oxide level in penis homogenate, sperm count in the cauda epididymis, and testis histology were evaluated. Separate groups of rats with a positive control (testosterone propionate (10 mg/ kg, s.c. bi-weekly) and vehicle control (distilled water) were maintained. In addition, the safety of acute intravenous administration of SFSE-G (1 mg/kg) on cardiovascular function parameters was evaluated. Moreover, the inhibitory potential of SFSE-G against aromatase and 5-alpha-reductase enzymes was evaluated in vitro. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Subacute administration of SFSE-G (35 mg/kg, oral) to male rats showed androgenic efficacy in sexual behavior (increased mounting and intromission latency and rearing), with increased weights of seminal vehicles, prostate and levator ani muscles, serum testosterone levels, sperm count, and penile NO concentration, while preserving the normal architecture of the testes. Acute intravenous administration of SFSE-G to rats increased intracavernous pressure but retained normal cardiovascular parameters, such as blood pressure, heart rate, and corrected QT interval (QTc). SFSE-G showed significant inhibition of aromatase and 5-alpha-reductase in vitro. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; SFFE-G exhibited significant androgenic and spermatogenic efficacy, mediated through testosterone metabolism inhibition, without affecting the cardiovascular system in laboratory rats.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">09</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Urmila M Aswar&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Savita R. Nimse&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Prasad A. Thakurdesai&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;,&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Scientific affairs, Indus Biotech Limited, 1, Rahul Residency, Off Salunke Vihar Road, Kondhwa, Pune 411048, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nisa Naspiah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Retno Widyowati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sukardiman</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antigout Activity of Terap (Artocarpus odoratissimus Blanco) Leaves Extract: Leaves Characteristic and In Vitro Studies</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antigout Activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Artocarpus odoratissimus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Macroscopic and Microscopic Analysis.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Xanthine Oxidase Enzyme</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">764-769</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Terap leaves (&lt;em&gt;Artocarpus odoratissimus&lt;/em&gt; Blanco) contain various chemical constituents, making it a herbal medicine prospective source, particularly as an antigout. This research aim to determinate characteristics of terap leaves and in vitro antigout activity of terap leaves ethanolic extract. The determination leaves characteristics included macroscopic and microscopic analysis, water and ethanol soluble extract content, and drying shrinkage. The extract antigout activity was determinated through inhibition of xanthine oxidase enzyme &lt;em&gt;in vitro.&lt;/em&gt; Leaves characteristics analysis revealed that mature leaves are approximately 31.5 cm long and 18 cm wide. Terap leaves are single leaves, elliptical, blunt leaf tips, rounded bases, rough surfaces, undulating edges, pinnate veins, and yellow veins. Microscopic analysis reveals the presence of anomocytic-type stomata, trichomes, glandular hairs, resin ducts, and trachea. Terap leaves have a water-soluble extract content of 8.72%, ethanol-soluble extract content of 4.29%, and drying shrinkage of 11.38%. The antigout activity tests results indicates that ethanol extract inhibits xanthine oxidase enzyme with an IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of 89.63 μg/mL. Terap leaves have antigout properties, so they have the potential to be developed into a quality antigout herbal medicine.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">764</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nisa Naspiah&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Retno Widyowati&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sukardiman&lt;sup&gt;2* &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Doctoral Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy,&amp;nbsp;Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60115, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of&amp;nbsp;Pharmacognosy and Phytochemical, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60115, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andy Nugraha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Awalia Awalia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rendra Mahardika Putra</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiphospholipid Syndrome Patient with Libman-Sacks Endocarditis</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiphospholipid syndrome</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Libman Sacks disease</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Libman Sacks endocarditis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lupus anticoagulant</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1431-1435</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a systemic autoimmune disorder characterized by recurrent arterial and venous thrombosis, often associated with complications such as pregnancy morbidity. Libman-Sacks Endocarditis (LSE), a form of nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis, is commonly observed in APS patients. This case report presents a 29-year-old Javanese woman with APS and Libman-Sacks Endocarditis. The patient, previously diagnosed with a transient ischemic attack, was admitted to Dr. Soetomo General Hospital with progressive shortness of breath, leg swelling, and abdominal distension. Initial investigations revealed thrombocytopenia, anemia, pleural effusion, cardiomegaly, and valve abnormalities. Despite anticoagulant therapy and supportive measures, the patient’s condition worsened, and she developed signs of heart failure and neurological deficits. Blood cultures remained negative, ruling out bacterial endocarditis. Imaging studies confirmed the presence of sterile vegetations on the mitral valve, a hallmark of LSE. The patient was diagnosed with primary APS based on clinical and laboratory findings, including positive lupus anticoagulant. After 28 days of hospitalization, she was discharged in stable condition but was re-admitted two days later with neurological decline. Despite aggressive management, including corticosteroids, diuretics, and anticoagulants, the patient suffered multiple complications, including seizures and possible thrombotic stroke and eventually passed away. This case underscores the diagnostic challenges and complexity in managing APS with Libman-Sacks Endocarditis, highlighting the need for early diagnosis and comprehensive treatment. The objective of this case report is to highlight the diagnostic challenges and management complexities of APS with Libman-Sacks Endocarditis, emphasizing the importance of early recognition and comprehensive treatment to mitigate associated morbidity and mortality. LSE remains a rare but severe manifestation of APS, with potential for thromboembolic events and significant morbidity.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Case Report</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1431</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Andy Nugraha&lt;sup&gt;1,4&lt;/sup&gt;, Awalia Awalia&lt;sup&gt;2,4*&lt;/sup&gt;, Rendra Mahardika Putra&lt;sup&gt;3,4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Internal Medicine Resident, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Rheumatology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Lecturer of Cardiovascular Disease, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhlisa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ridwan Amiruddin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Apik Indarty Moedjiono</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suriah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rizal Damanik</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ummu Salmah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sudirman Nasir</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Intan Sari Areni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Mallongi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Application-based Reproductive Health Education on Reproductive Health Risk Behavior among Adolescents in Ternate City</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adolescents.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Application</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reproductive Health</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Risk Behavior</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">942-948</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; The current era of digitalization is encouraging public health literacy to increase, especially among teenagers who are close to gadgets, so that the term e-health literacy is known, namely digital health literacy is defined as the ability to search, find and understand health information available in resources. electronically and use information obtained from these resources to overcome health problems. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To determine the effectiveness of application-based reproductive health education to increase positive behavior of adolescents in Ternate City. &lt;strong&gt;Method: &lt;/strong&gt;This research uses a Quasi-experimental method (Pre-post Control Design). The number of samples in this study was 300 teenagers aged 12- 15 years, in Ternate City. The measurement uses a questionnaire to measure knowledge, attitudes, actions, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and health literacy. The analysis used is the mean difference test, namely the Wilcoxon test and the Mann-Whitney test. Research &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The distribution of respondents based on age groups in the control group and in the intervention group was mostly in the 13 year age group, namely 119 people (79.3%) and 111 people (74.0%), the most common gender was female. The results of the analysis showed that there were no differences between the control and intervention groups before treatment, there were differences between the control and intervention groups after treatment, there were differences before and after treatment in the variables knowledge (p value = 0.000), action (p value = 0.000), and health literacy (0.007) (p value &amp;lt; 0.05). However, there is no difference for the variables Attitude, Subjective Norms, Behavioral Control. There are differences before and after treatment in the variables knowledge (p value = 0.000), attitude (p value = 0.000), action (p value = 0.000), subjective norms (p value = 0.000), behavioral control (p value = 0.000) and health literacy (p value = 0.000) (p value &amp;lt; 0.05). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Application-based reproductive health education has a good impact in increasing positive behavior among teenagers in Ternate City, this is based on changes in knowledge, attitudes, subjective norms, behavioral control and health literacy.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">942</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Muhlisa&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ridwan Amiruddin&lt;sup&gt;2*&lt;/sup&gt;, Apik Indarty Moedjiono&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Suriah&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Rizal Damanik&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Ummu Salmah&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Sudirman Nasir&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;, Intan Sari Areni&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;, Anwar Mallongi&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Postgraduate student at Public Health Study Program, University of&amp;nbsp;Hasanuddin, Makassar, Sulawesi Selatan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Professor of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, University of&amp;nbsp;Hasanuddin, Makassar, Sulawesi Selatan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Ph.D of&amp;nbsp;Biostatistic and Population, Faculty of Public Health, University of Hasanuddin, Makassar, Sulawesi Selatan 90245, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Professor of Health Promotion and Behavior Science, Faculty of Public Health, University of Hasanuddin, Makassar, Sulawesi Selatan 90245, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Professor of Departement of Community Nutriton, Faculty of Human Ecology, IPB University, Bogor, INDONESIA.&lt;sup&gt; &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Professor of Biostatistic and Population Faculty of Public Health, University of Hasanuddin, Makassar, Sulawesi Selatan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Ph.D of Health Promotion and Behavior Science Faculty of Public Health, University of Hasanuddin, Makassar, Sulawesi Selatan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;Professor of Department of Electro Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Hasanuddin Makassar, Sulawesi Selatan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;Professor of Enviromental Health, Faculty of Public Health, University of Hasanuddin, Makassar, Sulawesi Selatan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Febriani Puspitasari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paulus B. Notopuro</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Association of Bcl-xL Expression with Blast Count, CD 34 and CD 7 Expression in Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">AML</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bcl-xL</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">blast</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CD34</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CD7</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">460-465</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematological malignancy generally marked by the unregulated proliferation of myeloid series blast cells. The condition of hematologic malignancy is often associated with increased anti-apoptotic activity. One of the Bcl-2 protein families, Bcl-xL, has an important role in controlling apoptosis / programmed cell death in hematologic malignancies. This study, determined the correlations between anti-apoptotic activity from Bcl-xL expression analysis with the number of bone marrow blasts, CD34 activity as a marker of blast cells, and CD7 as an aberration marker are often found in AML patients.&lt;strong&gt; Aim: &lt;/strong&gt;Analysis of the correlation between blast number, and expression of Bcl-xL, CD34, and CD7 in adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia patients. &lt;strong&gt;Method:&lt;/strong&gt; An observational cross-sectional study was performed on 30 adult patients who have recently been diagnosed with Acute Myeloid Leukemia using bone marrow aspiration for examination of the number of blasts by a microscope. Examination of the expression of Bcl-xL, CD34, and CD7 was performed by BD FACSCalibur based on the measured Mean Fluorescence Intensity (MFI). &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; A total of 30 AML patients had a range of blast count 20 - 82%, Bcl-xL expression with MFI 93.06 - 441.09, CD34 expression with MFI 1.06 - 1,452.48, CD7 expression with MFI 9.31 - 90.58. In this study, there was no significant correlation between Bcl-xL expression as an indicator of anti-apoptotic properties with blast count r = 0.118 (p = 0.534), CD34 expression r 0.225 (p = 0.231) and CD7 expression r = 0.148 ( p = 0.435). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Bcl-xL expression as an indicator of anti-apoptotic properties in adult AML patients had no correlations with the proliferation of blast cells in AML. This suggests that increased anti-apoptotic activity is not the primary mechanism in the pathogenesis of AML.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">460</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Febriani Puspitasari&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Paulus B. Notopuro&lt;sup&gt;2*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Clinical Pathology Specialization Program, Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University – Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Clinical Pathology – Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mochamad Syahroni Fardiansyah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tomy Lesmana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Edwin Danardono</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Denny Septarendra</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ismu Nugroho</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adhitya Angga Wardhana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anton Sugianto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rena Normasari</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Association of CRP, Procalcitonin, Lactate, and Albumin Levels with In-Hospital Mortality Post-Definitive Laparotomy in Patients with Complicated Intra-Abdominal Infections</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Complicated intraabdominal infection</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Damage control laparotomy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inflammatory mediators</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">805-808</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Complicated intra-abdominal infection (cIAI) still has a high mortality rate due to organ dysfunction despite advances in supportive care. Unlike other sources of septicemia, cIAI requires source control surgery, which is crucial for improving outcomes. The strategy for source control varies depending on the degree of inflammation associated with cIAI; the more severe the inflammation, the less aggressive the surgery needs to be. Therefore, we need a reliable parameter to predict the degree of inflammation before any physiological rearrangement or organ dysfunction occurs due to excessive inflammation from surgery. The literature shows that CRP, procalcitonin, lactate, and albumin are associated with the degree of inflammation. Thus, it’s necessary to study about mentioned parameters for being reference determination strategy of surgery in cIAI, classical definitive laparotomy, or rapid source control laparotomy (RSCL). &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;We have collected data from CIAI patients at Dr. Soetomo Regional General Hospital in Surabaya, Indonesia, covering November 2022 to April 2024. Our primary focus is assessing the inflammation level associated with the compensated or decompensated phase. The decompensated phase signifies an excessive inflammatory response, with one indication being in-hospital mortality. Subsequently, we performed univariate and multivariate analyses using the SPSS program to determine which laboratory parameters (CRP, Procalcitonin, Lactate, and Albumin) are most associated with in-hospital mortality. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Between November 2022 and April 2024, there were 309 patients with complicated intra-abdominal infections (cIAI). Among the patients, 61.8% were male and 38.2% were female. The majority of patients (27.17%) were aged 61-70. The causes of cIAI included perforated appendicitis (22.65%), perforated peptic ulcer (21.69%), complications from previous surgeries (18.13%), large bowel perforation (12.29%), small bowel perforation (11.33%), intraperitoneal abscess (11.33%), and other causes (2.58%). Statistically, lactate was found to be the most accurate predictor of intraoperative hemodynamic instability (p-value &amp;lt; 0.001; correlation coefficient of 0.481), followed by albumin (p-value &amp;lt; 0.001; correlation coefficient of 0.357). CRP and Procalcitonin were less accurate, with correlation coefficients of 0.182 and 0.272, respectively. The determined cut-off points for lactate and albumin were 1.94 and 2.73, for CRP and Procalcitonin were 23,24 and 47,95. Abnormal laboratory finding in our study mean CRP above cut off point, Procalcitonin above cut off point, lactate above cut off point and albumin below cut off point. More than 2 laboratories finding, in-hospital mortality 66,7%, 2 laboratory finding in-hospital mortality 42,8% and only 1 laboratory finding in-hospital mortality 28,4%. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions&lt;/strong&gt;: CRP, Procalcitonin, Lactate and Albumin have relation statistically significant with in-hospital mortality. Lactate and albumin are better than CRP and procalcitonin in our study, and consider RSCL for more than 2 parameter abnormal laboratory findings CRP, procalcitonin, lactate or albumin.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">805</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mochamad Syahroni Fardiansyah&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Tomy Lesmana&lt;sup&gt;2*&lt;/sup&gt;, Edwin Danardono&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Denny Septarendra&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Ismu Nugroho&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Adhitya Angga Wardhana&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Anton Sugianto&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Rena Normasari&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Trainee of Digestive Surgery, Medical Faculty, Universitas Airlangga, Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya INDONESIA&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Consultant of Digestive Surgery, Medical Faculty, Universitas Airlangga, Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Pathology Anatomy Department, Medical Faculty, Universitas Jember, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Praf Nahlalogi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bramantono</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Atypical Manifestation of Oral Candidiasis in Patient with Aplastic Anemia</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aplastic anemia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Atypical presentation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Black oral thrush</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Candida tropicalis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oral candidiasis</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1143-1149</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Candidiasis is an opportunistic fungal infection predominantly caused by Candida species, which can manifest in immunocompromised individuals such as those with aplastic anemia. Aplastic anemia, characterized by bone marrow failure, significantly increases susceptibility to infections, with fungal infections being a leading cause of mortality. Oral candidiasis is one of the most common manifestations, and it typically presents as white pseudomembranes. However, atypical presentations can occur. We report a case of a 26-year-old male with aplastic anemia who presented with general weakness, fever, and painful swallowing. On examination, a blackish plaque was observed on his palate. Laboratory tests, including palatal tissue smear, histological examination, and culture, confirmed an infection of Candida tropicalis. This unusual blackish manifestation of oral candidiasis, resembling mucormycosis, has not been previously described in the literature. The patient was treated with intravenous fluconazole, leading to complete resolution of the oral lesions within 11 days. Through this case, we underscore the importance of recognizing atypical presentations of common infections, particularly in immunocompromised patients, and highlight the need for thorough diagnostic evaluation to guide appropriate antifungal therapy.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1143</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Praf Nahlalogi&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Bramantono&lt;sup&gt;1,2,3*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Division of Tropical and Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kasturi Bhattacharjee</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moumita Nath</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yashmin Choudhury</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berberine Mitigates Betel-Nut Induced Hepatocarcinogenesis, Enhances Chemosensitivity to Cisplatin and Reduces Cisplatin- Induced Nephrotoxicity in Mice Exposed to an Aqueous Extract of Betel Nut</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">AEBN</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berberine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Betel-Nut</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemotherapy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cisplatin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toxicity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1021-1028</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; There is a considerable correlation between the use of betel-nut (BN) as a chewing substance and the development of various malignancies. Objective: The bioactive phytocompound berberine was tested as monotherapy or in combination with cisplatin to reduce BN-induced carcinogenesis in mice. We also examined how berberine affected cisplatin-induced toxicity. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Swiss Albino mice were exposed to aqueous extract of betel-nut (AEBN) at a dose of 2 mg ml-1 in drinking water, for 16 weeks. Following this, the mice were given a combination of AEBN and berberine (10 mg kg&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;) for 8 weeks. Control mice were given drinking water without AEBN for 24 weeks. For the combination treatment, mice that had been exposed to AEBN (2 mg ml&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;) for 16 weeks were given AEBN+sodiumchloride+cisplatin (5 mg kg&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;) +berberine (10 mg kg&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;) for 2 weeks. Histopathology, oxidative stress, proliferation, apoptosis, oncogenic and tumor suppressor proteins, hepatotoxicity, and nephrotoxicity were assessed in tissues retrieved at treatment endpoints. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Berberine monotherapy reduced tissue dysplasia, liver nodulation, oxidative stress, proliferation (Ki-67 and Cyclin D1) markers, Akt/mTOR signaling, and pP53 (Ser-15) levels and apoptosis in AEBN-treated mice to levels comparable to cisplatin alone. Berberine with cisplatin decreased nephrotoxicity, fur shedding, and cancer phenotype more than cisplatin alone. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The study results imparted a new therapeutic approach in developing more effective and less harmful cancer treatments.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1021</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Kasturi Bhattacharjee, Moumita Nath, Yashmin Choudhury*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Department of Biotechnology, Assam University, Silchar-788011, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Retno Budiarti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ediono</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Miftahussurur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdulloh Machin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mochammad Wijdan Rosyich</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ayu Imamatun Nisa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fatimatuzzahro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nila Novia Putri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Ja’far Shodiq</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biomarker Profiles Associated with Covid-19 Mortality in East Java, Indonesia: A Tertiary Care Hospital Study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biomarker</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COVID-19</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Outcome</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">689-694</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; This study aimed to compare the most useful biomarkers for predicting prognosis and response to therapy in COVID-19 patients. &lt;strong&gt;Material and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; This quantitative study involved 639 patients who were hospitalized with COVID-19 infection. Patients without any biochemical marker result; patients referred to another hospital; and peripheral oxygen levels measured using oxygen supplementation were excluded from the study. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;There was a statistically significant difference in terms of demographics, vital signs on admission, and laboratory parameters. The risk of mortality in COVID-19 is significantly influenced by c-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels (p-value &amp;lt;0.05). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Findings revealed these biomarkers could help the future development of more personalized treatment and diagnostic approaches.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">689</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Retno Budiarti&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;*, Ediono&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Miftahussurur&lt;sup&gt;3,4&lt;/sup&gt;, Abdulloh Machin&lt;sup&gt;5,7&lt;/sup&gt;, Wiwin Is Effendi&lt;sup&gt;5,6&lt;/sup&gt;, Mochammad Wijdan Rosyich&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;, Ayu Imamatun Nisa’&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;, Fatimatuzzahro’&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;, Nila Novia Putri&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Ja’far Shodiq&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hang Tuah University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Pulmonology Department, Naval Hospital, RSAL Dr. Ramelan, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Division of Gastroentero-Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine / Dr. Soetomo Teaching Hospital, Airlangga University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Helicobacter Pylori and Microbiota Study Group, Institute of Tropical Disease, Airlangga University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Infectious Hospital, Airlangga University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Neurology Department, Faculty of Medicine / Dr. Soetomo Teaching Hospital, Airlangga University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bayu Aditya Nugraha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brahmana Askandar Tjokroprawiro</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clinicopathological Analysis of Mucinous Ovarian Tumors at a Single Center in Indonesia, 2019-2023</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clinicopathological characteristics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Indonesia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mucinous ovarian tumors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Single center</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1138-1142</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Mucinous ovarian tumors are a rare subtype of epithelial ovarian tumors, accounting for approximately 3% of all cases. These tumors exhibit unique clinical and pathological characteristics, with a particularly poor prognosis in advanced stages due to low responsiveness to platinum-based chemotherapy. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; This study aims to analyze the relationships between clinicopathological characteristics in patients with mucinous ovarian tumors treated at a single center in Indonesia between 2019 and 2023. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; A correlational study from March to June 2024 analyzed patients with confirmed mucinous ovarian tumors in Indonesia, focusing on age, histopathological grade, FIGO stage, CA-125 levels, tumor size, and metastasis presence. &lt;strong&gt;Results&lt;/strong&gt;: A study of 123 mucinous ovarian tumor patients found that 57.7% were over 40. Histopathological analysis revealed 21.1% were benign, 26% borderline, and 52.8% malignant. Patients over 40 had more malignant tumors, advanced-stage disease, and omental metastasis. A significant correlation was found between malignant histopathology and advanced FIGO stage, as well as between advanced FIGO stage and both lymph node and omental metastasis. Tumor size was associated with elevated CA-125 levels and bilateral tumors. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Mucinous ovarian tumors in patients over 40 years old are more likely to be malignant, present at an advanced stage, and involve omental metastasis. Malignant histopathological results are associated with advanced FIGO stages, which in turn are linked to lymph node and omental metastasis. Tumors larger than 10 cm tend to have elevated CA-125 levels.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1138</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bayu Aditya Nugraha&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Brahmana Askandar Tjokroprawiro&lt;sup&gt;2*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Resident of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga/Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga/Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdelhak Chergui</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">El Amine Ajal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Imane Zakaria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rachid Nejjari</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A Comparative Study of the Biometric, Germinative, and Physicochemical Characteristics of Fruits and Oils of Three Cannabis Strains (Cannabis sativa L.var indica) Cultivated in the Rif Region of Morocco</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biometry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cannabis strains</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fruit</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">germination</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oil</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rif</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">156-166</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Cannabis sativa var indica is the variety grown in the northern reliefs of Morocco, exclusively for resin and narcotics production. Despite the extensive research on the botany, phytochemistry, and pharmacology of Rif's cannabis, there is limited comparative research on the fruits and oils of different strains cultivated in the region. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; This study examined the biometric, germinative and physicochemical properties of three cannabis strains grown in the Western Rif region of Morocco. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and methods:&lt;/strong&gt; three cannabis strains (Beldiya, Khardala and Critical) were characterized by their biometric parameters (weight, length and width), germinative and physicochemical properties. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The study revelated that there are notable differences in the biometric properties and germination rates of the achenes of the strains studied. Additionally, significant variations were observed between the strains with regards to their oil yield, as well as the levels of polyphenols and flavonoids. The results also revealed a correlation between biometric parameters, germination rate and phytochemical content. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The oils of all strains studied were extra virgin, and the Beldiya strain's fruit oil was found to be particularly rich in polyphenols and flavonoids, making it a potentially useful ingredient in nutrition and health applications. Overall, this study provides useful information for researchers and growers interested in the cultivation and use of cannabis fruits and oils in various industries.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">156</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Abdelhak Chergui*, El Amine Ajal, Imane Zakaria, Rachid Nejjari&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Mohammed V University, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Av. Mohammed Belarabi El Alaoui, BP 6203- Rabat institut-Rabat, MOROCCO.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Magdalena Paunno</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ridwan Amiruddin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Masni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mardiana Ahmad</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bertha Jean Que</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ridwan Thaha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sudirman Nasir</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Mallongi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Determinants of Adverse Birth Outcomes in Ambon, Indonesia: A Case-Control Study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">410-414</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Globally, adverse birth outcomes were still high, especially in low and middle-income countries like Indonesia. Stillbirth, preterm birth (PTB), low birth weight (LBW), and first-minute birth asphyxia are some of the adverse birth outcomes. The incidence of adverse birth in Ambon is quite high but never been any research about determinants of adverse birth outcomes. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; This study aims to examine the determinants of adverse birth outcomes and identify the main modifiable risk factors in Ambon. Method: This retrospective case-control study included all birth outcomes in August and September 2023 in Ambon, Indonesia. A total of 165 birth outcomes (55 cases and 110 controls) with complete information in Puskesmas and Posyandu were included in the analysis. The Chi-square test and regression analyses were applied to evaluate the association between variables. &lt;strong&gt;Result: &lt;/strong&gt;This study showed the impact of pregnant women's age, parity, passive smoking, ANC examination, and ANC counseling on birth outcomes. There are differences in maternal age (p=0.006; 95% CI: 1.22-6.11), parity (p=0.001; 95% CI: 1.52-8.51), passive smokers (p=0.004; 95% CI: 1.37-8.99, ANC examination (p=0.02; 95% CI: 1.08-5.01) and ANC counseling (p=0.002; 95% CI: 1.44-8.67) between case and control groups. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Maternal age (≤ 20 and &amp;gt;35 years old), parity (one and ≥ 5), passive smokers, ANC examination not according to standard, and ANC counseling without a husband were associated with a high risk of all adverse birth outcomes.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">410</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Magdalena Paunno&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Ridwan Amiruddin&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Masni&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Mardiana Ahmad&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Bertha Jean Que&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Ridwan Thaha&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Sudirman Nasir&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Anwar Mallongi&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Doctor of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Hasanuddin, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Hasanuddin, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department Reproductive Health and Family, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Hasanuddin, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Hasanuddin, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Medical Faculty, Universitas Pattimura, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Hasanuddin, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Hasanuddin, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hilda Harun</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ridwan Amiruddin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A. Arsunan Arsin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdul Salam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mondastri Korib Sudaryo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">H. Muh. Syafar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A. Ummu Salmah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sudirman Natsir</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Mallongi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Development and Feasibility Test of the Self-Management Hypertension (SMH) Application for Elderly People with Hypertension in Makassar City</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elderly</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hypertension</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Self Management</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SMH Application</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TAM.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">902-909</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;The Self &lt;em&gt;Management Hypertension &lt;/em&gt;(SMH) application is a digital-based educational media solution to improve knowledge of elderly with HT in managing their disease independently, easy to use and can be accessed wherever they are. &lt;em&gt;Smartphone&lt;/em&gt; -based digital technology, Recently, it has become a very common tool needed by most people, including the elderly, not only as a communication tool but can also be used as a medium for education and information. Research &lt;strong&gt;Objectives:&lt;/strong&gt; This research aims to design the development of a prototype of the SMH application and to determine the feasibility of the SMH application for self-management of hypertension for the elderly. &lt;strong&gt;Method:&lt;/strong&gt; The research method used is &lt;em&gt;Research and Development &lt;/em&gt;(R&amp;amp;D). The research subjects for the expert validation test consisted of 3 experts. Meanwhile, the application trial subjects consisted of a one-on-one trial sample of 3 elderly people and a small group trial of 12 elderly people. Data collection uses the &lt;em&gt;Technology Acceptance&lt;/em&gt; Model (TAM) questionnaire which consists of 13 questions with 4 assessment aspects, namely the convenience aspect, usefulness aspect, trust aspect and user intention aspect. There are 4 Likert scale answer choices ranging from strongly agree to strongly disagree. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Expert validation results show the percentage and eligibility criteria are 86.6%. The results of one-on-one trials show that the ease of application aspect is in the range of 3.25-4.00, the usefulness aspect is in the range of 3.00-4.00, the trust aspect is in the range of 3.67-4.00 and the user intention aspect is in the range of 3.00-4. .00. Small group trials showed an average convenience aspect of 3.52, an average usefulness aspect of 3.53, an average trust aspect of 3.69 and an average user intention aspect of 3.64. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;: The SMH application has decent content, is easy to use, very useful, and trustworthy, thereby increasing the intention of elderly people with HT to use the SMH application&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">902</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hilda Harun&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Ridwan Amiruddin&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, A. Arsunan Arsin&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Abdul Salam&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Mondastri Korib Sudaryo&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, H. Muh. Syafar&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, A. Ummu Salmah&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Sudirman Natsir5, Anwar Mallongi&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Doctoral Student in Public Health Sciences, Public Health Sciences Study Program, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Promoter and Co Promoter, Professor Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health,&amp;nbsp;Hasanuddin University, Makassar INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Doctoral Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health,&amp;nbsp;Hasanuddin University, Makassar INDONESIA. 4Professor, Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, University of Indonesia, Jakarta INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Professor, Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Public Health,&amp;nbsp;Hasanuddin University, Makassar INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Professors at the Department of&amp;nbsp;Biostatistics, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar Indonesia&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Professor, Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health,&amp;nbsp;Hasanuddin University, Makassar INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Novi Fajar Utami</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berna Elya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hayun Hayun</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kusmardi Kusmardi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Syamsu Nur</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Effect of Bacterial Enzymes on Reducing Chlorogenic Acid Levels in Cascara Robusta Coffee (Coffea canephora L.)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bacillus subtilis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cascara</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chlorogenic acid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HPLC</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">332-335</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Coffee skin by-products, namely cascara, have several benefits, namely can ward off free radicals, with the ability of cascara to ward off free radicals so that cascara can potentially prevent the emergence of cancer cells. Cascara contains active compounds caffeine 1.3%, chlorogenic acid 2.6%, and caffeic acid 1.6%. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; This study aims to determine chlorogenic acid levels in decaffeinated robusta coffee (Coffea canephora L.) and see the influence of Bacillus subtilis bacteria on reducing chlorogenic acid levels. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The experiment was conducted from June to August 2022 in the Pharmacy Laboratory, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Pakuan, Indonesia. Cascara robusta coffee is fermented using Bacillus subtilis with a concentration of 6% and a time of 24 hours. After fermentation, the extraction is carried out using the UAE (Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction) method. The chlorogenic acid levels and zero control of cascara robusta coffee obtained were then analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) with the Paired sample t-test method previously carried out with normality test and homogeneity test first. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The study found chlorogenic acid levels produced from cascara robusta coffee that had undergone decaffeination. Quantitative analysis of chlorogenic acid levels in cascara robusta coffee was carried out using HPLC mobile phase methanolwater (adjust Orthoposphat pH 2.4), flow rate 0.7 mL/minute, with an isocratic system of an average of 14.8597%. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Chlorogenic acid levels in robusta coffee cascara decaffeinated by microbial enzymes can affect chlorogenic acid levels.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">332</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Novi Fajar Utami&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Berna Elya&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Hayun Hayun&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Kusmardi Kusmardi&lt;sup&gt;4,5,6&lt;/sup&gt;, Syamsu Nur&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Phytochemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424 West Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Math and Science, Universitas Pakuan, Jl. Raya Pakuan 1 Bogor, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424 West Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Anatomic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jl. Salemba Raya No.6, Jakarta, 10430, Jakarta, Indonesia, 10430 INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Drug Development Research Cluster, Indonesia Medical Educational and Research Institute, Jl. Salemba Raya No.6, Jakarta 10340, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Human Cancer Research Cluster, Indonesia Medical Educational and Research Institute, Jl. Salemba Raya No.6, Jakarta 10340, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Almarisah Madani University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lina Fitriani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Citrakesumasari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Veni Hadju</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sudirman Nasir</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Apik Indarty Moedjiono</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Masyitha Muis</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nurpudji Astuti Taslim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sri Sumarni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">M.Bambang Uswatul Firdaus</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effect of Moringa Oleifera Plus Royal Jelly Capsules in The Gestation Age and Placenta Weight of Newborns in Indonesia</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adverse Birth Outcomes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moringa oleifera</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Multiple Micronutrient Supplement</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pregnancy outcomes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pregnant women</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1177-1182</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; The incidence of adverse birth outcomes (ABO) in low- and middle-income countries (LIMC) remains significantly elevated. Moringa oleifera (MO), rich nutritional profile, offers to reduce ABO. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of MO plus royal jelly capsules on the gestational age and placental weight of newborns in Indonesia. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; A quasi-experimental design setup in the Banggai district, Central Sulawesi Province. The study used a purposive sampling of 80 pregnant women from each sub-district. Moilong District received MRJ, while South Batui District was the Multiple Micronutrient Supplement (MMS) control group. Both groups took one capsule daily for six months. Data analysis using SPSS v28 for Windows, including Chi-square/Fisher's exact test, Kolmogorov- Smirnov test, Mann-Whitney test, and ANCOVA, with a significance level of p &amp;lt; 0.05. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The demographic characteristics in both groups were similar (p &amp;gt; 0.05), except for BMI (p=0.031). Pregnancy outcomes data were also identical (p &amp;gt; 0.05). The Mann-Whitney test did not show a significant difference (p = 0.696) in the gestational age of delivery between the groups. However, there was a significant difference (p &amp;lt; 0.05) in the PW variable within the MRJ group, as shown by the Mann-Whitney test. After adjusting for BMI in PW, the ANCOVA test indicated a significant difference (p = 0.001).&lt;em&gt; Conclusions: &lt;/em&gt;The study concludes that MRJ and MMS interventions are effective and safe in preventing ABO in newborns based on gestational age and placental weight.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1177</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lina Fitriani&lt;sup&gt;1,2*&lt;/sup&gt;, Citrakesumasari&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Veni Hadju&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sudirman Nasir&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Apik Indarty Moedjiono&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Masyitha Muis&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Nurpudji Astuti Taslim&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Sri Sumarni&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;, M.Bambang Uswatul Firdaus&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Health, Mega Buana University, Palopo, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Hasanuddin, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biostatistics and Demographics, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Occupational Health and Safety, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Midicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Public Health, Airlangga University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chutharat Saereewat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kusuma Sriyakul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Parunkul Tungsukruthai</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sunyarn Niempoog</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sucharat Tungsukruthai</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chuntida Kamalashiran</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Efficacy and Safety of Traditional Transdermal Patch (Ya-Pok- Dud-Pid) in Primary Knee Osteoarthritis Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diclofenac</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Osteoarthritis of knee</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Traditional</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Transdermal Patch</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">570-575</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis (KOA) have a progressive decline in their social and physical abilities, which affects their quality of life. The Thai Traditional Transdermal Patch (Ya-Pok-Dud- Pid; YP) has been widely used for the treatment of KOA. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To determine the clinical efficacy and safety of YP in comparison with diclofenac gel (DG) for the treatment of KOA.&lt;strong&gt; Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; 74 primary KOA Patients were enrolled and randomly assigned to YP groups or DG groups. The outcomes were assessed the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Time Up and Go (TUG), Active Knee Flexion (AKF) and Passive Knee Flexion, chair sit and reach, and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; YP and DG significantly improved VAS, TUG, AKF, PKF, chair sit and reach, and WOMAC (p &amp;lt; 0.05). Remarkably, YP experienced the same immediate pain relief after day 1 treatment as DG. The VAS scores of the YP group exhibited a significant reduction from 60±11.06 to 38.92±17.76, while DG decreased VAS score from 61.24±17.84 to 39.19±20.05 (p &amp;lt;0.001). However, there was no significant difference between the two treatment groups. For adverse event, skin reaction (rash, itchy, and dry skin) was noted in the YP group because of the participant receiving YP for an extended period. Altogether, YP has a similar effect to diclofenac gel on pain severity and physical function in patients with knee osteoarthritis. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; YP is recommended as a natural therapeutic agent with efficacy and safety treatment for knee osteoarthritis.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">570</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Chutharat Saereewat&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Kusuma Sriyakul1, Parunkul Tungsukruthai&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Sunyarn Niempoog&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sucharat Tungsukruthai&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Chuntida Kamalashiran&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Integrative Medicine, Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Pathum Thani, 12120, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Orthopedic, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Pathum Thani, 12120, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Division of Health and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nilsya Febrika Zebua</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nerdy Nerdy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kanne Dachi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muflihah Fujiko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdi Wira Septama</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ethnomedicine In Nias Island</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ethnobotanical</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ethnomedicine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medicinal plant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nias</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">186-194</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Medicinal plants have an important role in the traditional medicine system of the Nias people, which has been passed down from generation to generation. Although there has been some ethnobotanical research in Indonesia, especially in Nias, studies regarding people's knowledge, use and perception of medicinal plants on this island are still very limited. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;to investigate the knowledge, use and perceptions of the Nias community towards medicinal plants. &lt;strong&gt;Design:&lt;/strong&gt; The research population involved communities in various areas of Nias, and samples were taken randomly from several villages or communities. Data collection methods include questionnaires, interviews, and observations to detail the use of medicinal plants, local knowledge, and factors that influence the choice and use of medicinal plants. The research variables involve the demographic characteristics of respondents, education level, access to health information as independent variables, while the dependent variables include the use of medicinal plants and knowledge about medicinal plants.&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; As a result of data collection on respondents on Nias Island, there were 50 medicinal plants that people have often used for generations to treat diseases. Data analysis involved analyzing factors related to the use of medicinal plants. It is hoped that this research will provide a better understanding of the use of medicinal plants in Nias and contribute to the preservation of local knowledge and the development of public health strategies. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Most of the empirical data submitted by the local Nias community is in accordance with research that has been carried out, however, there are 13 plants that need to be explored further because the empirical data does not match.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">186</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nilsya Febrika Zebua&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;*, Nerdy Nerdy&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Kanne Dachi&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Muflihah Fujiko&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Abdi Wira Septama&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien, Medan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien, Medan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien, Medan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien, Medan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Research Center for Pharmaceutical Ingredient and Traditional Medicine, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Kawasan PUSPITEK Serpong, Tangerang Selatan, Banten, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nandakumar K N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohanraj Nehru</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prasanth Subramanian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bhuvaneshwaran Mothiswaran</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vishagan S S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Satishkumar Rajappan Chandra</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Venkataraman Prabhu</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evaluating the Efficacy of Cresvin beta on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Management: A Randomized Comparative Clinical Trial</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diabetes; Cresvin beta; Cardiovascular complications; Insulin resistance; Metformin</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1219-1216</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;In this current state, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is more prevalent in the population, and metformin is used as a first-line medication for treating it, but gradually prevalence and incident rate of T2DM is increased. There was an upsurge in the utilization of alternative therapies in managing of diabetes. Especially in diabetes, Herbal medicines are considered safe and reliable by the majority of the population. This research aims to estimate the safety and efficacy of poly herbal metabolite compounds of Cresvin beta capsules in adults with T2DM. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; In this study, 60 T2DM patients aged 18-60 years were randomly assigned to Groups A (30), receiving Metformin 500 mg twice a day after food, and Group B (30), receiving Cresvin beta capsule 500 mg twice a day, after food in a prospective, randomized and open-label clinical study. The in-silico simulation study was performed on selected plants major compounds on target protein Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 (1K3A). &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The Cresvin beta is found to be safe and effective in the management of T2DM. The FBS, PPBS and HbA1c were significantly lowered (p&amp;lt;0.001) in posttreatment in both the Metformin and Cresvin beta capsules. Similarly, the levels of IGF1, adiponectin, EL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α showed significant alteration (p&amp;lt;0.001) after the treatment. The alterations found in the post-treatment results of Cresvin beta, including the reduced levels of creatinine and triglycerides, express the efficacy. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The research results conclude, that the Cresvin beta capsule would be one of the suitable choices for increasing the efficacy in the management of diabetes mellitus.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1219</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nandakumar K N&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Mohanraj Nehru&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Prasanth Subramanian&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Bhuvaneshwaran Mothiswaran&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Vishagan S S&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Satishkumar Rajappan Chandra&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Venkataraman Prabhu&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Medical Research, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, kattankulathur, Tamilnadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Clinical Trial and Research Unit, Interdisciplinary Institute of Indian System of Medicine, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamilnadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Director of Apex Laboratories Pvt Ltd, Chennai, Tamilnadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S Gopika</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MK Nisha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">E Gaayathiri Devi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A Raja Rajeswari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">R Vasandhlakshmi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evaluation of Antiurolithiatic Potential of Methanolic Stem Extract of Spermacocce articularis L.f.: An In vitro and In vivo Approach</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">calcium oxalate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In vivo</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polyethylene glycol</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spermacoce articularis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Urolithiasis</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">770-778</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Context:&lt;/strong&gt; Polygenic urolithiasis has a complicated etiology and even more varied therapeutic outcomes. &lt;em&gt;Spermacoce articularis&lt;/em&gt; L.f. has been used historically for stone treatments in several traditional medical systems. &lt;strong&gt;Aim:&lt;/strong&gt; The current study aimed to investigate the &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; and in vivo anti-urolithiatic potential of &lt;em&gt;Spermacoce articularis&lt;/em&gt; Stem Extract (SASE). &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;In vitro&lt;/em&gt; antiurolithiatic potential on the CaOx crystallization was evaluated using nucleation and aggregation assays. In vivo, activity was assessed on renal calculi-induced Wistar rats by polyethylene glycol (0.75%) in drinking water for 14 days. SASE and cystone with two experimental doses (250 and 500 mg/kg, p.o.) were dispensed for ten days. Various biochemical parameters were assessed in the kidneys' serum, urine, and histological sections. In addition, SASE inhibited CaOx crystallization by reducing the density of crystals, triggering the breakdown of CaOx crystals, and hindering their growth. Cystone demonstrated comparable outcomes. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Upon treatment with SASE, urinary, serum, kidney homogenates, and antioxidants were significantly improved (p&amp;lt;0.05) to normal levels. The histopathology of the kidney section showed no damaged cells of SASE treated and Cystone treated compared with that of control animals. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;This research validates the traditional idea and suggests that SASE is advantageous in preventing the growth of urinary stones.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">770</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;S Gopika, MK Nisha*, E Gaayathiri Devi, A Raja Rajeswari, R Vasandhlakshmi &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Department of Botany,&amp;nbsp;Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore-43, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prasanth NV</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">P Pandian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">T Balasubramanian</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evaluation of In Vivo Anti Alzheimer's Activity of Vigna radiata and Vigna pilosa using Beta Amyloid Induced Neurotoxicity in Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alzheimer’s disease</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">amyloid-β</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vigna pilosa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vigna radiata</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">519-526</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;AD is the most common form of dementia. Extracellular senile (amyloid) plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) are hallmarks of the disease. Vigna radiata and Vigna pilosa are plants used in many Ayurvedic formulations used in the management of dementia and related conditions. The present study was aimed to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of these plants on an amyloid-β (Aβ) 1-42 model of Alzheimer’s disease in rats. Duration of the study was 21 days. After the recovery period post Aβ1-42 ICV administration, from the 8thday, the ethyl acetate extract of Vigna radiata and ethanolic extract of Vigna pilosa (200mg/kg, 400mg/kg), Donepezil (3mg/kg) treatments were made once daily p.o till the 21st day. Cognitive behavioural studies were conducted using radial maze test, Step-through Passive Avoidance Test. The animals were further subjected to euthanasia and the brain were collected and evaluated for antioxidant parameters and brain cytokine levels. The brain tissues were subjected to histopathological examination. The treatment with the extracts significantly improved the cognitive capability of the rats in the Radial arm maze task and step through passive avoidance test. It also reduced oxidative stress, which was evident by the lower levels of lipid peroxide and nitric oxide as well as elevated levels of antioxidant enzymes like catalase, superoxide dismutase and reduced glutathione. The treatment alleviated neuroinflammation in rats by decreasing the concentration of neuroinflammatory markers in a dose-dependent manner. From the results it can be concluded that the plants Vigna radiata and Vigna pilosa has beneficial effects in the improvement of cognitive impairment AD, by reducing oxidative stress and neuroinflammation.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">519</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Prasanth NV&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;*, P Pandian&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, T Balasubramanian&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;1Department of Pharmacy, FEAT, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;2Department of Pharmacology,Al Shifa College of Pharmacy, Perinthalmanna, Kerala, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Armiaty Octavia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Alwy Arifin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Indar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Darmawansyah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">M. Furqaan Naiem</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ida Leida</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evaluation of the Program to Overcome Undernutrition in the Working Area of Cendrawasih City Health Center, Makassar</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evaluation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Malnutrition.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Program</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">880-887</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Poor or insufficient nutrition can have serious impacts, especially on vulnerable groups such as toddlers, pregnant women and the elderly. Malnutrition not only has a direct impact on physical health conditions, but can also hinder optimal growth and development, both physically and mentally. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The aim of this study to evaluate the implementation of the malnutrition prevention program in the Cendrawasih Health Center work area, Makassar City in 2023. &lt;strong&gt;Method: &lt;/strong&gt;This type of research is qualitative research. The samples for this research are community health center staff, stakeholders and program users. Results: Evaluation of the malnutrition prevention program in the Cendrawasih Health Center working area, Makassar City is based on Context, &lt;em&gt;Input, Process &lt;/em&gt;and Product analysis. The research results show that in terms of social and cultural conditions, some communities pay less attention to children's nutrition. &lt;em&gt;Input &lt;/em&gt;is in the form of funds used, namely BOK funds and funds from the local government. Apart from that, the availability of human resources is inadequate. The facilities and infrastructure used are quite complete with the availability of anthropometric tools. Process Growth monitoring is carried out by community health center officers and posyandu cadres every 10 days. &lt;em&gt;Product&lt;/em&gt; The nutritional status of toddlers is starting to improve, this is proven by the number of cases which has decreased. Mothers' knowledge about the characteristics or signs that children are experiencing malnutrition is still lacking. Apart from that, mothers still don't fully understand parenting patterns for toddlers. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The evaluation of the malnutrition prevention program at the Cendrawasih Community Health Center in 2023 is still not going well because the &lt;em&gt;input&lt;/em&gt; is not adequate, the process has not been carried out optimally so that the &lt;em&gt;product&lt;/em&gt; produced does not meet the achievement targets. Efforts that can be made include active cadres in socializing children's nutrition. Apart from that, counseling efforts regarding malnutrition among pregnant women also continue to be increased.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">880</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Armiaty Octavia&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Alwy Arifin&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Indar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Darmawansyah&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, M. Furqaan Naiem&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Ida Leida&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Masters Student of Health Administration and Policy, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Health Administration and Policy, Faculty of Public Health,&amp;nbsp;Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Occupational Health and Safety, Faculty of Public Health,&amp;nbsp;Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health,&amp;nbsp;Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rusli Taher</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">H. Muh. Syafar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A. Indahwaty Sidin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oedojo Soedirman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Syamsiar S. Russeng</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ridwan Amiruddin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andi Armyn Nurdin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Mallongi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Exploration of Adolescent Knowledge Experiences and Efforts to Identify Interventions on the Use of Digital Technology Information Media to Increase Knowledge related to HIV/AIDS Prevention</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HIV/AIDS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Intervention Strategy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">knowledge</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Model Development</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Youth</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1150-1158</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;HIV/AIDS has become a pandemic that worries the world community, especially teenagers because of their lack of understanding in tackling the prevention and spread of HIV/AIDS. One of the things that can be done is to identify interventions in the utilization of digital technology information media. &lt;strong&gt;Purpose:&lt;/strong&gt; This study focuses on exploring the experiences of adolescents in efforts and in identifying interventions using digital technology information media to increase knowledge related to HIV/AIDS prevention.&lt;strong&gt; Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Qualitative research using interpretive descriptive approach and literature review on teenage students of SMA Negeri 4 (SMA A) and SMK Negeri 6 (SMA B) in Pangkep Regency, Class II and Class III. Sampling using t purposive sampling type of criteria sampling. The number of participants is 20 people and 5 participants who fall into the source triangulation category. Semi-structured interview guidelines with in-depth interviews, FGDs and observations using field notes. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;There are 4 main themes that are obtained, namely: 1) Lack of youth knowledge about HIV/AIDS; 2) Perception of adolescents' response control towards HIV/AIDS sufferers (ODHA); 3) Work Program in efforts to prevent HIV/AIDS; 4) The needs of adolescents, teachers, health center staff, and the health office regarding plans for developing interventions to increase youth knowledge in efforts to prevent HIV/AIDS. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Respondents have inadequate knowledge about HIV/AIDS, show negative attitudes towards PLHIV and are also involved in risky practices that can affect HIV transmission. This shows that the provision of accurate and comprehensive information related to HIV/ AIDS is a component of prevention and control interventions that must be increased so that intervention strategies are needed to alleviate suffering and possibly reduce the negative consequences that may occur.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1150</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rusli Taher&lt;sup&gt;1,2*&lt;/sup&gt;, H. Muh. Syafar&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, A. Indahwaty Sidin&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Stang&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Oedojo Soedirman&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Syamsiar S. Russeng&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;, Ridwan Amiruddin&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt; , Andi Armyn Nurdin&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;, Anwar Mallongi&lt;sup&gt;10&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Public Health Doctoral Student, Public Health Study Program, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Lecturer in the Nursing Profession Study Program, STIKES Graha Edukasi Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Promoters and Professors of the Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Lecturers in the Department of Hospital Management, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Professor of the Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Lecturers of the Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences FKM UNAIR, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Professor of the Department of Occupational Safety and Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;Professor of the Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;Lecturers at the Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;10&lt;/sup&gt;Professor, Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vimala Yerramilli</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mahendra Singh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ishwar Singh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laxman Nagar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jitendra Singh</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hepato-restorative Activity of Methanolic Extracts of Coccinia grandis L. Voigt. in CCl4 - Intoxicated Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Callus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CCl4</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coccinia grandis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GC-MS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liver</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Silymarin</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1096-1102</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Coccinia grandis&lt;/em&gt; has pharmacological activities such as antioxidant, anti-ulcer, antiinflammatory, anti-hypersensitive, anti-hyperglycaemic, anti-cancer and hepatoprotective.&lt;strong&gt; Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This work is aimed to investigate an alternative low-cost green drug with hepatoprotective potential from methanolic extract of the leaf, stem and their corresponding calli of &lt;em&gt;Coccinia grandis&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Using 42 Albino Wistar rats divided into seven groups each group containing 6 rats. 1.5ml/kg bw of CCl&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; diluted in olive oil was orally injected for fourteen days and methanolic extracts of parent plant parts, callus and silymarin, and on the last day of treatment, experimental rats were anesthetized, blood and organ removed for the biochemical and histopathological analysis.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; This work is aimed to investigate an alternative low-cost green drug with hepatoprotective potential. Liver damage was induced by CCl&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; (1.5 ml/kg body weight) in Wistar albino rats and recovery was noted by treating with Silymarin (100mg/kg bw), a known standard herbal drug and by treating with crude methanolic extract of leaf and stem parts of &lt;em&gt;Coccinia grandis&lt;/em&gt; and their corresponding calli (leaf callus and stem callus at 180mg/kg bw) in terms of marked decrease in CCl&lt;sub&gt;4-&lt;/sub&gt; increased SGOT (Serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase), SGPT (Serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase), ALP (Alkaline phosphatase), TB (Total bilirubin) and rise in TP (Total protein) compared to untreated control group. Histopathological studies of hepatocytes provide evidence of the centrilobular vacuolar degeneration and recovery by Silymarin or treatment with plant and callus extracts. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Biochemical and histopathological examination proved the hepatoprotective potential of calli and parent plant parts (leaf, stem) of &lt;em&gt;Coccinia grandis&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1096</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vimala Yerramilli&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Mahendra Singh&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;,Ishwar Singh&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Laxman Nagar&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Jitendra Singh&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;,Department of Botany, Chaudhary Charan Singh, University, Meerut, 250004-INDIA&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1, 3,4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Microbiology, Chaudhary Charan Singh, University, Meerut, 250004-INDIA&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Titut Harnanik</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ketut Edy Sudiarta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rudi Pandapotan Napitupulu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arif Rahman Nurdianto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ni Ketut Alit Darmayanti</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hyperbaric Oxygen in Animal Model of Diabetes Nephropathy: Analysis of Blood Glucose, Proteinuria and Kidney Tissue Necrosis Cells</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blood glucose</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diabetes Nephropaty</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hyperbaric Oxygen</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kidney Tissue Necrosis Cells</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Proteinuria</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1043-1046</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) and is the main cause of 20 to 40 times higher mortality compared to diabetes without nephropathy. Therefore, the author wants to prove the effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBO) on changes in blood glucose levels, proteinuria and kidney tissue necrosis cells in DN animal models. This study used 27 male white rats Rattus Norvegicus strain Wistar, weighing 170 - 220 grams, aged 8-12 weeks, healthy and active, divided into 3 groups, namely the normal rats group (G0), the DN rats without HBO group (G1) and the DN rats with HBO group (G2). Making a DN model with Streptozotocin (STZ) induction 75 mg / kgBW intraperitoneally in a single dose. HBO was performed in a 2.4 ATA pressurized air chamber by inhaling 98% O2 for 3 x 30 minutes interspersed with inhaling normal air for 2 x 5 minutes for 5 consecutive days. The results showed a significant decrease in blood glucose levels p = 0.000 (p &amp;lt;0.05). In proteinuria levels, there was an insignificant decrease p = 0.077 (p &amp;gt; 0.05) in G2 compared to G1. Repair of kidney tissue damage was also indicated by a decrease in necrotic cells by 45.45% in G2 compared to G1. These results prove that HBO can repair kidney damage in DN model mice, so HBO is expected to be used as an additional therapy in cases of diabetic nephropathy.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1043</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Titut Harnanik&lt;sup&gt;1,2,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Ketut Edy Sudiarta&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Rudi Pandapotan Napitupulu&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Arif Rahman Nurdianto&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ni Ketut Alit Darmayanti&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Marine Health, Faculty of Medicine, Hang Tuah University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Naval Health Institute Drs. Med. R. Rijadi S, Phys., Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eko Susetyarini</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Poncojari Wahyono</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sri Wahyuni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Endrik Nurrohman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rahadian Zainul</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Impact of Stigmasterol from Beluntas Leaves (Pluchea indica) on SGOT and SGPT Levels in Male Rats (Rattus norvegicus)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antifertility</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Beluntas</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Men</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Safety Test</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stigmasterol</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1311-1314</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Stigmasterol compounds have the potential as natural male antifertility drugs; based on the results of multiyear research and bioinformatics, further research is needed on the safety of stigmasterol preclinically. The study aimed to examine selected stigmasterol from blunt leaves that are safe for blood SGOT and SGPT levels the type of experimental research, the Post-test control design group. The study was conducted at the Biomedical Laboratory of the University of Muhammadiyah Malang, the Hufaka Bandung Laboratory, and the FKH Laboratory of Brawijaya University. The study was conducted from June to August 2024. The research sample of stigmasterol from blunt leaves came from the UPT materia medica of Batu City. The sampling technique was purposive random sampling. There were three dose treatments (0.125 mg/kgbb, 0.25 mg/kgbb, 0.5 mg/kgbb and control) with seven replications. Data analysis used one-way ANOVA and Duncan's further test. The results showed that giving various doses of stigmasterol could reduce SGPT in the blood but not SGOT. Duncan's test results of SGOT levels showed no significant difference between treatment categories; SGPT testing showed that the 0.125 mg/kgbb and 0.25 mg/kgbb treatments were not significantly different from the 0.5 mg/kg bb treatment but were substantially different from the control treatment. At the same time, the 0.5 mg/kgbb treatment was not significantly different from the other treatments. The conclusion and findings of the stigmasterol compound are in the safe category for use because it does not cause an increase in blood SGOT and SGPT and potentially tends to decrease.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1311</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Eko Susetyarini&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Poncojari Wahyono&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Sri Wahyuni&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Endrik Nurrohman&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Rahadian Zainul&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang, Malang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Astrid Dewi Prabaningtyas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ridwan Amiruddin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A Arsunan Arsin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Healthy Hidayanty</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chatarina Umbul W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ummu Salmah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lalu Muh Saleh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sudirman Nasir</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Mallongi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Implementation Model of Acceptance of Covid-19 Booster Vaccine in Elderly in Bogor City</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acceptance of the COVID-19 Vaccine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Attitudes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Behavior</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">knowledge</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Module</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peer group</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">145-149</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;The major impact of COVID-19 occurs especially on the elderly, however the vaccination achievement rate among them tends to be low. The COVID-19 vaccination strategy for the elderly must still be implemented even though WHO has been revoked the Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) status for COVID-19. One approach that can be taken is to empower the elderly in the vaccination process. This research aims to see the effectiveness of changes in knowledge, attitudes and behavior of the elderly regarding acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine after receiving educational intervention using modules using the peer group method. &lt;strong&gt;Method: &lt;/strong&gt;Quasi-experiment with a one-group pretest-posttest pattern. The research was conducted at the North Bogor Community Health Center in April-June 2023 on 66 elderly people taken using a purposive sampling technique. The questionnaire is used to look at characteristics, vaccine history, assess respondents' knowledge, attitudes and behavior regarding the COVID-19 situation. Data collection went through three stages, namely pre-test distribution, peer group method using module-19 and post-test distribution. Bivariate analysis with dependent t-test using SPSS 23.0 software.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The majority of elderly people were aged 60-74 years (90.9%) and there was a significant increase (p&amp;lt;0.05) in the average score of knowledge, attitudes and behavior of elderly people before and after being given the intervention. The average knowledge score before intervention was 69.60 ± 9.51 and after intervention 80.30 ± 10.29, attitude score before intervention 80.43 ± 9.61 and after intervention 85.25 ± 11.99, and behavior score before intervention 86.29 ± 14.67 and after intervention 90.35 ± 10.34. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; implementation of the model with intervention modules is effective in increasing knowledge, attitudes and behavior. It is hoped that with this increase, elderly people will be able to receive the COVID-19 vaccine.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">145</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Astrid Dewi Prabaningtyas&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ridwan Amiruddin&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, A Arsunan Arsin&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Healthy Hidayanty&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Chatarina Umbul W&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Ummu Salmah&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Lalu Muh Saleh&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;, Sudirman Nasir&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;, Anwar Mallongi&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Ph.D Candidate of Public Health Program, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Professor of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Professor of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Ph.D of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Professor of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Airlangga University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Professor of Biostatistics and Population, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Professor of Occupational Health and Safety, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;Ph.D of Health Promotion and Behavior Science, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;Professor of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alfina H. Ummah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sudirman Nasir</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suriah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shanti Riskiyani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Syamsuar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lalu M. Saleh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Mallongi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Implementation of Quick Wins Blood Services Program in Efforts to Prevent Maternal Deaths Due to Hemorrhage in East Lombok Regency</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blood Transfusion</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hemorrhage</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maternal Death</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pregnancy</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">37-41</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;The Quick Wins Blood Service Program was launched by the Ministry of Health to accelerate the fulfillment of blood needs for pregnant women with hemorrhage complications by integrating public health centers, referral hospitals, and blood transfusion units. Maternal hemorrhage deaths could be prevented if more voluntary donors regularly donated blood. &lt;strong&gt;Purpose:&lt;/strong&gt; This study aims to analyze the Quick Wins Blood Service Program implementation in East Lombok Regency. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; This is qualitative research with a case study design. Data were collected by interviewing 11 informants from the blood transfusion unit of the hospital, the East Lombok Red Cross, Public Health Centers, the East Lombok District Health Office, and high-risk pregnant women. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Health services for pregnant women have been adequately provided. However, some midwives do not conduct home visits and only wait for patients at the posts (polindes) in some areas or only do examinations at the integrated health services posts (Posyandu). Blood services have been good, but more blood stocks are often needed due to a lack of donor interest. Preparing prospective donors for pregnant women in the Quick Wins program is not always carried out because pregnant women and their families assume that blood is always available at referral hospitals. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The Quick Wins Blood Service Program has been well implemented but needs to be more optimal.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Review Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">37</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Alfina H. Ummah&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;*, Sudirman Nasir&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Suriah&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Shanti Riskiyani&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Syamsuar&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Lalu M. Saleh&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Anwar Mallongi&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;College of Health Promotion Department, Public Health Faculty, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Lecturer of Health Promotion Department, Public Health Faculty, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Lecturer of Enviromental Health Department, Public Health Faculty, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Lecturer of Occupational Health and Safety Department, Public Health Faculty, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Lecturer of Public Health Faculty, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rahadian Zainul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dheo Shalsabilla Novel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Herland Satriawan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Khang Wen Goh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vikash Jakhmola</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maksim Rebezov</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sri Suwarni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ria Septiana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arif Nur Muhammad Ansori</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mochammad Aqilah Herdiansyah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anni Faridah</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In Silico Gene Transcription of 4-Hydroxycinnamic Acid from Broccoli Fruit (Brassica oleracea var. italica) with Estrogen Receptor Beta Protein</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brassica oleracea var. italica</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">good health and well-being.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">in silico</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">molecular interaction</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">791-796</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;This study aims to explore the relationship between 4-Hydroxycinnamic Acid, a compound found in broccoli fruit (&lt;em&gt;Brassica oleracea &lt;/em&gt;var. &lt;em&gt;italica&lt;/em&gt;), and Estrogen Receptor Beta Protein through &lt;em&gt;in silico&lt;/em&gt; analysis. The research was conducted using Pymol, MOE 2015, Discovery Studio 2016, and Lepinski Rule software. These tools were employed to model the structure of both the compound and protein, as well as to evaluate their interaction. The results revealed a significant interaction with a Binding Affinity of -6.4182. Moreover, the Root Mean Square Deviation (RMSD) measurements yielded a value of 3.8907, indicating the degree of agreement between the compound and protein structures. Analysis using the Lepinski Rule disclosed the characteristics of the compound 4-Hydroxycinnamic Acid, including a mass of 164, two hydrogen bond donors, three hydrogen bond acceptors, a log P value of 1.490, and a molar reactivity of 44.776. These findings provide valuable insights into the potential of 4-Hydroxycinnamic Acid in interacting with Estrogen Receptor Beta Protein, which could serve as a foundation for further research on the health benefits and therapeutic applications of this compound, contributing to the goal of good health and well-being.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">791</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rahadian Zainul&lt;sup&gt;1,2,3&lt;/sup&gt;*, Dheo Shalsabilla Novel&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Herland Satriawan&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Khang Wen Goh&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Vikash Jakhmola&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Maksim Rebezov&lt;sup&gt;7,8&lt;/sup&gt;, Sri Suwarni&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;, Ria Septiana&lt;sup&gt;10&lt;/sup&gt;, Arif Nur Muhammad Ansori&lt;sup&gt;6,11,12,13&lt;/sup&gt;, Mochammad Aqilah Herdiansyah&lt;sup&gt;12,13,14&lt;/sup&gt;, Anni Faridah&lt;sup&gt;15,16&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Center for Advanced Material Processing, Artificial Intelligence, and Biophysics Informatics (CAMPBIOTICS), Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Research Fellow, INTI International University, 71800, Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, Nilai, MALAYSIA.&lt;sup&gt; &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Scientific Research, V. M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems, Moscow, RUSSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Ural State Agrarian University, Yekaterinburg, RUSSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;Bachelor of Pharmacy, Nusaputera College of Pharmacy Semarang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;10&lt;/sup&gt;Bachelor of Pharmacy, Kendal College of Health Kendal, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;11&lt;/sup&gt;Postgraduate School, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;12&lt;/sup&gt;Virtual Research Center for Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;13&lt;/sup&gt;Division of Research and Development, Jalan Tengah, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;14&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;15&lt;/sup&gt;Halal Certification Division, Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, INDONESIA&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;16&lt;/sup&gt;Culinary Innovation Technology, Department of Family Welfare Science, Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality, Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, INDONESIA&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Siska Ayuningsih</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sukri Palutturi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Balqis Nazaruddin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Indar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Erniwati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Syafar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Mallongi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Influence of Nurse Resource Aspects on Performance Nurse at Tenriawaru Hospital Bone District</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hospital</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Influence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nurses resource</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Performance</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">610-614</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;The human resources who interact most directly with patients are nurses. Low performance of nurses in an organization can cause obstacles to an organization in achieving its goals. This study aims to determine the influence of aspects of nursing resources on nurse performance at Tenriawaru Hospital, Bone Regency. This type of research is quantitative research with a cross sectional study approach. The sample for this research was nurses who work as nurses, namely 94 nurses. Data collection uses a questionnaire. Processing uses the chi square test and logistic regression test. Based on the research results, it shows that competence has a significant influence on nurse performance with a value of p=0.00&amp;lt;0.05, motivation does not have a significant influence on nurse performance with a value of p=0.059≥0.05, loyalty has a significant influence on nurse performance with a value of p= 0.00&amp;lt;0.05. Work discipline has a significant influence on nurse performance, p value = 0.00 &amp;lt;0.05. and rewards have a significant influence on nurse performance, p value = 0.00 &amp;lt;0.05.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">610</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Siska Ayuningsih&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Sukri Palutturi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Balqis Nazaruddin&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Indar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Erniwati&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Syafar&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Anwar Mallongi&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Masters Student of Health Administration and Policy, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Health Administration and Policy, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA .&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michele Wijaya Oei</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Syahrir A. Pasinringi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andi Indahwaty Sidin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Noer Bahry Noor</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fridawaty Rivai</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Healty</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Influence of Organizational Culture and Group Climate on Innovation Readiness at Hasanuddin University Hospital</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Group Climate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hospital</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Innovation Readiness</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Organizational Culture</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">150-155</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Innovation is considered a competitive mechanism for organizational performance and success, and is considered an important instrument for adapting to the ever-changing business environment. This research aims to analyze the influence of Organizational Culture and Group Climate on Innovation Readiness at Hasanuddin University Hospital. The type of research carried out was quantitative research using an observational study with a cross sectional study design. The sample in this study was employees at the hospital, totaling 123 respondents. The research results show that there is a direct influence of organizational culture on innovation readiness, there is a direct influence of group climate on innovation readiness. It is recommended that hospital management be open to new ideas and encourage their employees to be more open and accept input from other employees. This will greatly encourage the emergence of innovation, improve the climate in positive work teams, such as participative, open and safe, will motivate employees to show Innovative and improving behavior creates or adopts new ideas, products, services, programs, technologies, policies, structures or new administrative systems.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">150</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Michele Wijaya Oei&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Syahrir A. Pasinringi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Andi Indahwaty Sidin&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Noer Bahry Noor&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Fridawaty Rivai&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Healty&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Hospital Administration Study Program, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Nutrition Study Program, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adrian Benedict Wijaya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Irwandy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A. Indahwaty Sidin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Noer Bahry Noor</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Syahrir A Pasinringi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sangkala</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Mallongi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Influence of Workplace Spirituality and Leader Member Exchange on Organizational Commitment of Nurses at Elim Rantepao Hospital, North Toraja District</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LMX (Leader Member Exchange) and Organizational Commitment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Workplace Spirituality</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">287-291</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; The determining factor for the success of health service organizations today lies in how well management builds commitment, especially employee performance as internal customers. How well executives and all employees at all levels emphasize the importance of patient retention. How well customer commitment is translated into easy-to-understand actions, processes and performance records and how seriously leadership views all employees as a valuable investment and not a burden to the organization. This study aims to analyze the influence of Workplace Spirituality and Leader Member Exchange on Organizational Commitment in Nurses at Elim Rantepao Hospital, North Toraja Regency. The type of research is quantitative research using an observational study with a cross sectional study design. The sample was 102 nurses in the Inpatient Unit of Elim Rantepao Hospital, North Toraja Regency. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;of the research show that organizational commitment in the Inpatient Unit of Elim Rantepao Hospital, North Toraja Regency is 46.1% with the variable that has the most significant influence on nurses' organizational commitment, namely Workplace Spirituality with a sig value of 0.001&amp;lt;0.05 with a value of 51.1%, as well as the most influential dimension. towards organizational commitment, namely Professional Respect with a sig value of 0.001 &amp;lt;0.05 with a value of 46.6%.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">287</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Adrian Benedict Wijaya&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Irwandy&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, A. Indahwaty Sidin&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Noer Bahry Noor&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Syahrir A Pasinringi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Sangkala&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Anwar Mallongi&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Hospital Administration Study Program, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of State Administration, Faculty of State Administration, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ruqiah Ganda Putri Panjaitan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Risma Nurkholifah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eko Sri Wahyuni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kurnia Ningsi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liya Angga Lestari</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inventory of Medicinal Plants for Male and Female Reproductive Health by Ethnic Javanese and Ethnic Dayak Seberuang in Balai Harapan Village, Tempunak District, Sintang Regency</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Local wisdom; Medicinal plants; Reproduction health</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">545-553</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Knowledge of the use of plants as medicine is one of the local wisdom of the Javanese and Dayak ethnic communities of Seberuang, Balai Harapan Village, which has been passed down from generation to generation by their ancestors. This research aims to inventory plants that have medicinal properties for male and female reproductive health which are used by the people of Balai Harapan Village, especially the Javanese and Dayak Seberuang ethnic groups. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This research used a triangulation technique which is a combination of interviews, observation, and documentation of plant types for male and female reproductive health. The data obtained in this research analyzed and presented narratively for each plant and accompanied by pictures and tables.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; There are 26 types of medicinal plants used by the Javanese and Dayak Seberuang ethnic groups to support reproductive health.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The plants used as medicine for male and female reproductive health by the Javanese and Dayak Seberuang ethnic groups in Balai Harapan Village come from several families, namely Zingiberaceae, Asteraceae, Poaceae, Lamiaceae, Fabaceae, Polypodiaceae, Rubiaceae, Caricaceae, Melastomataceae, Gleicheniaceae, Dilleniaceae, Phylanthaceae, Blechnaceae, Schizaeaceae, Piperaceae, Moraceae, and Asparagaceae. The most common types of plants used come from the Zingiberaceae family.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">545</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ruqiah Ganda Putri Panjaitan&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;*, Risma Nurkholifah&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Eko Sri Wahyuni&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Kurnia Ningsih&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Liya Angga Lestari&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Biology Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Tanjungpura University, Pontianak, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Early Childhood Education and Care TAFE Young NSW, AUSTRALIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Librawaty Sara Tangibali</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Syafar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ridwan M. Thaha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sudirman Nasir</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hasanuddin Ishak</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sukri Palutturi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Mallongi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Measuring Adolescent Mental Health and the Effect on Junevile Deliquency Behavior Tendencies. Case Study in Tana Toraja</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adolescent</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Juneville delinquency tendency</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mental health</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Self-Control</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">231-234</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Adolescence is a transitional phase of development from childhood to adulthood, involving various changes in the biological, cognitive, and socio-emotional aspects of the adolescent. These changes often lead to confusion in establishing their identity, which can result in behaviors that are not in line with their developmental responsibilities. The tendency towards delinquent behavior in adolescents is one of the forms of behavior that emerges during adolescence due to the dysfunction of various aspects within the adolescent. The presence of dysfunction in these aspects of the adolescent indicates that the adolescent is experiencing mental disorders. The aim of this study is to analyze how the mental health of adolescents influences their tendency to engage in delinquent behaviors. &lt;strong&gt;Method: &lt;/strong&gt;Using a quantitative method with descriptive statistics and testing assumptions using multiple linear regression analysis. &lt;strong&gt;Result:&lt;/strong&gt; Based on the characteristics of adolescents aged 14 to 18 years, it was found that the mental health condition of adolescents has an impact on the tendency of delinquent behavior in adolescents, with a value based on the linear regression model of 0.000 &amp;lt; 0.05, indicating a significant level. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The non-impulsive behavioral aspect is the most significantly influential factor on the tendency of adolescent delinquent behavior with a value of p &amp;lt; 0.05.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">231</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Librawaty Sara Tangibali&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Muhammad Syafar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Ridwan M. Thaha&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sudirman Nasir&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Hasanuddin Ishak&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Sukri Palutturi&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Anwar Mallongi&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Master Program of Department in Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Professor of Department in Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Professor of Administration and Health Policy, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kukuh Dwiputra Hernugrahanto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Naufaldy Rifqiaulia Noerda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jifaldi Afrian Maharaja Dinda Sedar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lukas Widhiyanto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dwikora Novembri Utomo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Djoko Santoso</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Natural Cartilage-Derived Scaffolds for 3D Mesenchymal Stem Cell Culture: Promoting Chondrogenesis and Modulating Secretome Composition</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cartilage</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Culture Technique</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Secretome</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stem Cells</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Three-Dimensional</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1365-1372</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;The regenerative potential of stem cells lies in their secretome, a collection of signaling molecules whose composition is shaped by the cellular microenvironment and external stimuli. To enhance cartilage regeneration, a 3D culture system using a natural cartilage scaffold has been developed to create a more chondrogenic secretome. This study investigates the chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) cultured in a decellularized bovine cartilage scaffold and analyzes the resulting secretome's composition. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This study employed a randomized time series design to examine MSCs chondrogenic differentiation. A control group was cultured in standard 2D conditions, while two experimental groups were cultured in either 2D medium supplemented with chondrocyte differentiation medium (positive control) or a 3D decellularized bovine cartilage scaffold. The study hypothesized that the 3D culture would promote chondrogenesis at least as effectively as the positive control. Key chondrogenic markers were evaluated at various time points.&lt;strong&gt; Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Statistical analysis revealed significant differences in marker expression between the experimental and control groups. SOX-9 and aggrecan were elevated in both experimental groups. The 3D group showed higher RUNX-2 expression and the highest Coll-2 expression at later time points. Additionally, growth factor analysis showed the 3D group had the highest levels of IGF-1 and FGF-2 towards the end of the study. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;3D culture of MSCs in a bovine cartilage scaffold enhances chondrogenic differentiation and produces a secretome with comparable chondrogenic potential to traditional 2D culture with differentiation medium, suggesting its promise for cartilage regeneration.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1365</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Kukuh Dwiputra Hernugrahanto&lt;sup&gt;1,2,3&lt;/sup&gt;, Naufaldy Rifqiaulia Noerda&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Jifaldi Afrian Maharaja Dinda Sedar&lt;sup&gt;2,3&lt;/sup&gt;, Lukas Widhiyanto&lt;sup&gt;2,3&lt;/sup&gt;, Dwikora Novembri Utomo&lt;sup&gt;2,3&lt;/sup&gt;, Djoko Santoso&lt;sup&gt;5,6*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Doctoral Program of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Dr Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Siti Khodijah Hospital, Sidoarjo, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Internal Medicine, Dr Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kassim SA Al Neaimy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maes MK Alkhyatt</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Israa A Jarjess</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">New Insights of Oxidative Stress and Thalassemia May Lead to Antioxidant Therapy</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oxidative stress</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thalassemia</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">202-204</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Because of chronic hemolysis, thalassemic patients are under oxidative cell injury caused by secondary iron overload. This provokes oxidative damage to the cellular membranes of organs that accumulate excess iron. Several researchers studied the oxidative stress in patients with thalassemia during chelation therapy and repeated blood transfusion periods, and they found that β-thalassemia patients are under oxidative stress, but they did not focus on before the chelating therapy period. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To evaluate the total antioxidant capacity (TAOC) and oxidative stress (OS) in newly diagnosed patients with β-thalassemia before chelating therapy. &lt;strong&gt;Methodology:&lt;/strong&gt; In the present case-control study, twenty patients newly diagnosed with β-thalassemia before receiving chelating agents, and another 30 healthy individuals, sex-matched with patients, considered as a control, were included in the study. Total antioxidant capacity (TAOC) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) were assessed in the studied groups.&lt;strong&gt; Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The TAOC values of the thalassemic group (35±0.11 u/ml ) were significantly (p&amp;lt;0.001) lower than that of the control group (79±7.2 u/ml). MDA values of the thalassemic group (7.9 ±2.35nmol/l) were significantly (p&amp;lt;0.001) more than that of the control group (0.57±0.25 nmol/l). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study demonstrated that patients with β thalassemia have decreased values of TAOC, and increased values of MDA when compared with the control group.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">202</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Kassim SA Al Neaimy&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Maes MK Alkhyatt&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Israa A Jarjess&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Nineveh University, Mosul, IRAQ.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Nineveh University, Mosul, IRAQ.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Thalassemia Center, Ibn Alatheer Teaching Hospital, Mosul, IRAQ.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Icha Dian Nurcahyani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ridwan Amiruddin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yahya Thamrin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wahiduddin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aminuddin Syam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nurhaedar Jafar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Mallongi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Obstacles to the Complementary Feeding Assistance Program for Stunted Children Aged 6-24 Months: A Systematic Review</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Breast milk</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Complementary Feeding</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Program Barriers</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1209-1217</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Stunting is a condition of stunted physical and cognitive growth caused by malnutrition during the development of children under five. UNICEF and WHO recommendations stipulate exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months and breastfeeding for up to two years. Apart from that, it is very important to provide complementary foods for breast milk for 6-23 months. The aim of the research is to determine the obstacles to the Complementary Feeding assistance program for stunted children aged 6-24 months. The method used is a Systematic Literature Review. Health database with search engines Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direch, ProQuest and Scinapse. The search strategy uses the keywords: Program Constraints, Complementary Feeding, Stunting and Baduta. Identifying research articles for 2017-2023 and using PRISMA flowcharts and literature eligibility criteria based on the PICOS framework. A total of 10,523 articles were identified. Five articles used cross sectional methods, three survey articles, one descriptive analysis article and one cohort article. There were 10 eligible articles that met the inclusion criteria. Based on the results of the identification of Complementary Feeding assistance programs for stunted children aged 6-24 months. There is a correlation between obstacles to the mentoring program related to non-optimal complementary feeding practices (accuracy, diversity and frequency), lack of knowledge and experience, obstacles in communication skills (delivering key messages), selfefficacy/ working mothers, sanitation/environmental conditions, socio-economic, weak regulations and government programs including increasing community-based programs such as posyandu. If children aged 0-23 months receive inappropriate complementary foods, they are at high risk of stunting. Various obstacles to the Complementary Feeding assistance program will influence the program's emphasis on promoting children's growth and development to prevent stunting. Conclusion: the Complementary Feeding mentoring program is not optimal, due to various obstacles (specific and sensitive) faced in providing Complementary Feeding to stunted children aged 6-23 months.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Review Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1209</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Icha Dian Nurcahyani&lt;sup&gt;1,2*&lt;/sup&gt;, Ridwan Amiruddin&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Yahya Thamrin&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Wahiduddin&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Aminuddin Syam&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Nurhaedar Jafar&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Anwar Mallongi&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Doctoral Study Program, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Nutrition Study Program, Salewangang Maros College of Health Sciences, South Sulawesi, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Epidemiology, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Environmental Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Nutrition, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yousra.A. Nomier</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anugeetha Thacheril Mohanan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Walaa A. El-Dakroury</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dallin A. Hassan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sermugapandian Nithya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aamena Jabeen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eman Merghani Ali Mohammed</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moataz B. Zewail</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gihan F. Asaad</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zeinah Y. Abbady</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Overview of Cancer and Treatment Challenges: Harnessing the Anti-cancer Potential of Jasminum Sambac and its Nanoparticle Formulations</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-cancer</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-oxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cancer therapy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytotoxic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jasminum Sambac</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nanoparticle</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1069-1076</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Cancer research strives to discover effective treatment strategies that target tumour cells while minimising the negative effects of traditional chemotherapy. Studies conducted on plant-based leads have yielded promising therapeutic activities, prompting researchers to remain vigilant in exploring further plant-based studies. Research has shown that phytochemicals found in the roots, leaves, and flowers of Jasminum sambac &lt;em&gt;(J.sambac&lt;/em&gt;) have demonstrated various active functions, including anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, and anxiolytic effects. The progress made in nanoparticle drug delivery systems for cancer treatment is noteworthy as it allows for higher doses of medication to be delivered directly to cancer cells while minimising the negative impact on healthy cells. Various reports showcase the nanoparticle synthesis of &lt;em&gt;J.sambac&lt;/em&gt; for screening multiple diseases. This review provides an overview of cancer and the challenges of available treatments while exploring the potential of &lt;em&gt;J.sambac&lt;/em&gt; for its anticancer, cytotoxic, and antioxidant properties. Furthermore, it sheds light on the recent advances made in nanoparticle formulations of Jasminum sambac for cancer and other ailments. Disseminating these updates could encourage additional exploration into the potential anti-cancer properties of&lt;em&gt; J.sambac &lt;/em&gt;and foster the development of nanoparticles for more effective cancer treatment.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1069</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yousra.A. Nomier&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Anugeetha Thacheril Mohanan&lt;sup&gt;2 &lt;/sup&gt;*, Walaa A. El-Dakroury&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Dallin A. Hassan&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;,&amp;nbsp;Sermugapandian Nithya&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Aamena Jabeen&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Eman Merghani Ali Mohammed&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;,&amp;nbsp;Moataz B. Zewail&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Gihan F. Asaad&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt; , Zeinah Y. Abbady&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, OMAN.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, P.O Box 114, Postal code 45142, Jazan, KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, EGYPT.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Sri Ramachandra Faculty of Pharmacy, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (SRIHER) (DU), Porur, Chennai 116, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Pharmaceutics Department, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, P.O Box 114, Postal code 45142, Jazan, KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Clinical Practice Department, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, P.O Box 114, Postal code 45142, Jazan, KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Pharmacology Department, Medical Division, National Research Centre (ID: 60014618), Dokki, Giza, EGYPT.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;Pharmacy College, German University, Cairo, EGYPT&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lokot Donna Lubis</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Fidel Ganis Siregar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Farhat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Iqbal Pahlevi Adeputra Nasution</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dedy Syahrizal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kamal Basri Siregar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Putri Chairani Eyanoer</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ichwanul Adenin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Rusda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mustafa M. Amin</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical Screening, Thin Layer Chromatography and Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectroscopy Analysis of Eleutherine Bulbous (Mill.) Urb Bulb Extract</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dayak onion</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eleutherine bulbous</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fraction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FTIR</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TLC</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">88-93</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Many traditional medicinal plants were studied for their phytochemical components. Dayak onions (Eleutherine bulbous (Mill.) Urb) is one of traditional medicinal plant in Indonesia. Analysis of the phytochemical compounds in the extract of the plant would help in determining various biological activities of the plant. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; This study was primarily aimed to identify the phytochemical profile of Dayak onions extract and its fractions. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The Dayak onion bulbs were collected from Pancur Batu District, North Sumatra Province, Indonesia. Multiple solvents used to for extraction and analysis of phytochemical compound by chemical reactions, thin layer chromatography (TLC) profiling, and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometer (FTIR) profiling. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The phytochemical screening of Dayak onions ethanol extract showed it contained alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, tannins, and triterpenes/ steroids. The n-hexane fraction contained flavonoids and triterpenes/steroids, while the ethyl acetate fraction contains flavonoids and glycosides. The water fraction contained alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides and tannins. By TLC profiling, the bioactive compounds in ethanol extract of the Dayak onion contain steroids, tannins, flavonoids and alkaloids. The bioactive compound in ethyl acetate fraction contains steroids, tannins, triterpenes, flavonoids and glycosides. The bioactive compound in n-hexan fraction contains steroids. The bioactive compound in water fraction fraction contains steroids and tannins. The FTIR demonstrated the presence of C-H alkanes, =C-H alkenes (aliphatic), C-O alcohol, ether, esters and carboxy acid in the ethanol extract, en-hexan fractions and ethyl acetate fractions. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The phytochemical qualitative profiling showed that Dayak onion bulb as a rich source of bioactive compounds and have medicinal potential as therapeutic agent. A higher content of bioactive compounds of Dayak onion bulbs found in the ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts. The FTIR demonstrated the presence of C-H alkanes, =C-H alkenes (aliphatic), C-O alcohol, ether, esters and carboxy acid in the ethanol extract, enhexan fractions and ethyl acetate fractions.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">88</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lokot Donna Lubis&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;*, Muhammad Fidel Ganis Siregar&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Farhat4, Iqbal Pahlevi Adeputra Nasution&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Dedy Syahrizal&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Kamal Basri Siregar&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;, Putri Chairani Eyanoer&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;, Ichwanul Adenin&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Rusda&lt;sup&gt;1,9&lt;/sup&gt; Mustafa M. Amin&lt;sup&gt;1,10&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Philosophy Doctor in Medicine Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Ear, Nose, Throat, Head, and Neck, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;10&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nandakumar K N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohanraj Nehru</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prasanth Subramanian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bhuvaneshwaran Mothiswaran</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vishagan S S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Satishkumar Rajappan Chandra</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Venkataraman Prabhu</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Potential Molecular level Impact of Cresvin beta on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">anti-diabetic efficacy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ayurveda</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cresvin beta</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Metformin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sirtuin 1</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Type 2 diabetes mellitus</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1297-1304</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder with an increasing prevalence rate over the past few decades. Despite the availability of medications to prevent and reduce disease severity, T2DM prevalence and incidence continue to rise annually. Understanding genetic heritage's impact on therapeutic responses is improving, with pharmacogenetics being used to better comprehend the therapeutic variability of T2DM. This study aims to compare the effects of metformin and Cresvin beta capsules containing Pterocarpus marsupium, Withania somnifera, Salacia reticulata, Gymnema Sylvestre, Curcuma longa, Vitis vinifera and Piper nigrum (Black pepper extract) on diabetic and immune-related gene expression in T2DM patients. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Sixty patients were divided into two groups: metformintreated (group A, n=30) and Cresvin beta -treated (group B, n=30). Anthropometric, biochemical, and hematological parameters were measured at baseline and after 3 months of treatment. Gene expression levels were analyzed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain from DNA extracted from whole blood samples.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; After 3 months, metformin significantly reduced fasting blood sugar (FBS), postprandial blood sugar (PPBS), and HbA1c levels (p&amp;lt;0.001). Cresvin beta also significantly reduced FBS (p&amp;lt;0.01), PPBS (p&amp;lt;0.001), and HbA1c (p&amp;lt;0.001). Gene expression analysis showed significant changes in SIRT1, AKT, SLC2A4, IL-6, and TNF-α in both groups. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The study demonstrated that Cresvin beta reduced glycemic levels and improved SIRT1, Pi3k, Akt, and SLC2A4 gene expression while decreasing IL-6 and TNF-α cytokine gene expression in T2DM patients.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1297</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nandakumar K N&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Mohanraj Nehru&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Prasanth Subramanian&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Bhuvaneshwaran Mothiswaran&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Vishagan S S&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Satishkumar Rajappan Chandra&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Venkataraman Prabhu&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Medical Research, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamilnadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Clinical Trial and Research Unit, Interdisciplinary Institute of Indian System of Medicine, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamilnadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Director of Apex Laboratories Pvt Ltd, Chennai, Tamilnadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Irzan Nurman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ninik Mudjihartini</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nurhadi Ibrahim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Linda Erlina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fadilah Fadilah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muchtaruddin Mansyur</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Predictive Simulation and Functional Insights of Serotonin Transporter: Ligand Interactions Explored through Database Analysis</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Database Analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Functional analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Predictive in silico</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Serotonin Transporter</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">52-59</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Through its ability to facilitate the absorption of serotonin into presynaptic neurons, the serotonin transporter, also known as SERT, an essential component in the control of neurotransmission. To discover SERT possible therapeutic application, it is essential to have a solid understanding of its dynamic behavior, ligand interactions, and functional consequences. Within the scope of this investigation, the predictive simulations is crucial to investigate the complexities of SERT to gain a fresh understanding of its operation. We use the 6AWN model to describe the sequence and simulate the behavior of SERT in silico. Within this simulation, we anticipate the conformational changes of SERT and its reaction to ligand binding with paroxetine, cholesterol, dodecyl-beta-D-maltose (DDM), and sodium hydrogen ion. We discover critical residues that are crucial in the interaction between ligands and proteins. They have paroxetine binding to I.172, I.172, Y.176, and F.341 are examples of hydrophobic interactions. Example of hydrogen bonds include A.96 and pi-stacking: F.341. The blockage of the serotonin transporter is the principal mechanism of action that paroxetine has. Cholesterol interacts with SERT W.500, W.500, W.500, W.500, L.504, and A.507, and it also interacts with the outward-facing conformation of this transporter in two different ways. In general, cholesterol interacts with SERT and ligands to stabilize their optimal activity and structure. DDM contact with SERT is also a part of this interaction. R.104, D.328, E.494, Y.495, G.498, P.499, T.503, F.556, L.557, S.559, P.561, Y.579, G.582, T.583, and F.586 are the numbers that are currently in use. Within the context of glucosyl transfer processes, DDM has been utilized as an acceptor. And the interaction of Na with SERT S.263, which causes a change in the structure of SERT. Serotonin transporters are present in the environment.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">52</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Irzan Nurman&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Ninik Mudjihartini&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Nurhadi Ibrahim&lt;sup&gt;2,4,5&lt;/sup&gt;*, Linda Erlina&lt;sup&gt;6,7&lt;/sup&gt;, Fadilah Fadilah&lt;sup&gt;6,7&lt;/sup&gt;*, Muchtaruddin Mansyur&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Doctoral Programme Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Medical Technology Cluster, Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute (IMERI), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry and Biology Molecular, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Medical Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Neuroscience and Brain Development Cluster, Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute (IMERI), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Bioinformatics Core Facilities Cluster, Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute (IMERI), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, 10310, Indonesia.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sherly Wulandari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Mallongi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Budimawan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agus Bintara Birawida</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nur Nasry Noor</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">M. Alimin Maidin</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Probabilistic Simulation and Sensitivity of Health Risks from Nickel and Cobalt Deposition Around the Mine</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cobalt</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Health risk</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heavy metal contamination</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Monte Carlo Simulation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nikel</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1159-1163</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Mining activities can produce large amounts of heavy metals that are discharged uncontrollably, causing widespread ecosystem pollution. Heavy metal pollution is a serious problem, as heavy metals are toxic and non-degradable, polluting air, water and soil. Although some heavy metals are considered essential for normal physiological functions, concentrations that exceed the prescribed limits can have negative impacts on human health and biota. Exposure to heavy metals can cause toxicity to various tissues, organs and systems such as circulatory, respiratory, endocrine, immune, nervous, urinary and reproductive systems. Due to the differences in toxicity of heavy metals, risk assessment is very important in environmental management.&lt;strong&gt; Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To describe the probabilistic simulation and sensitivity of health risks due to Nickel and Cobalt deposition around the mine using monte carlo simulation. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The method used in this study was literature review. Data collection was done through searching&lt;em&gt; online databases&lt;/em&gt; such as:&lt;em&gt; Pubmed &lt;/em&gt;and &lt;em&gt;Science Direct&lt;/em&gt;. The keywords used in the article search were &lt;em&gt;&quot;Heavy Metal Toxicity&quot;, &quot;Heavy Metal Effects&quot;, &quot;Heavy metal risk analysis&quot; &lt;/em&gt;and &quot;&lt;em&gt;Monte Carlo Simulation&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. Inclusion criteria were quantitative or qualitative research, target population was heavy metals&lt;em&gt; Nickel and Cobalt&lt;/em&gt;, published in the last 10 years (2013-2023) articles in English and articles in original, &lt;em&gt;fulltext and open access&lt;/em&gt;. Exclusion criteria are articles that are not relevant to the topic of discussion. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; 14 articles were found, of which 3 articles on diseases or health problems caused by nickel, 3 articles on nickel risk analysis, 5 articles on diseases or health problems caused by cobalt, 3 articles on cobalt risk analysis. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The environment around the mine shows a high level of toxicity, caused by the presence of heavy metals. This can result in serious environmental pollution and pose a great threat to human health. Chronic exposure to heavy metals can cause various health problems, such as mutagenesis, carcinogenesis, teratogenesis, deformation and organ damage.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1159</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sherly Wulandari&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Anwar Mallongi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Budimawan&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Agus Bintara Birawida&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Nur Nasry Noor&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, M. Alimin Maidin&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Doctoral Program Student, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Environmental Health Department, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Marine Science and Fisheries, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Environmental Health Department, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Health Administration and Policy, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rena Normasari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bambang Purwanto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Damayanti Tinduh</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Protective Effects of Rutinoside on Oxidative Induced Articular Cartilage Damage and Catabolic Activity in Rat Chondrocyte</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inflammation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Osteoarthritis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oxidative stress</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rutinoside</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">360-365</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; This study aimed to look into the therapeutic potential of rutinoside in reducing articular cartilage degeneration in a rat model of osteoarthritis generated by monosodium iodoacetate (MIA). &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; We formed three groups of male Wistar rats: the OA, rutinoside, and control groups. Monosodium iodoacetate (3.0 mg) was injected intra-articularly into the knee joint to cause osteoarthritis. For four weeks, oral administration of rutinoside at 100 mg/kg/day was given to the groups that were given the treatment. Histological examination, immunohistochemistry, and biochemical tests were used to assess the level of articular cartilage injury, oxidative damage, catabolic activity, and biomarker expression. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The results showed that treatments with rutinoside significantly reduced the damage to articular cartilage in rats with MIA-induced osteoarthritis. Compared to the osteoarthritis group, the rutinoside-treated groups showed enhanced cartilage structure, proteoglycan content, and chondrocyte organization. Immunohistochemistry revealed reduced NFκB, IL-1β, and MMP-13 expressions in the rutinosidetreated groups, indicating suppressed inflammatory and catabolic activity in chondrocytes. Additionally, rutinoside treatment increased SOD activity and decreased MDA levels, which showed less oxidative damage to the joint. A substantial drop in CTX-II levels was found by biochemical research, indicating less type II collagen breakdown. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;According to a study, rutinoside effectively reduces oxidative damage and catabolic activity in chondrocytes, which can lead to decreased articular cartilage loss in a rat model of MIA-induced osteoarthritis. The study also found that rutinoside can control critical biomarkers such as NFκB, IL-1β, SOD, MDA, MMP-13, and CTX-II, highlighting its potential as a treatment for osteoarthritis. These findings provide valuable insights into using natural chemicals as a promising treatment for OA and suggest that rutinoside could potentially modulate the critical interplay between oxidative stress, inflammation, and chondrocyte catabolism in osteoarthritis. However, further research is required to understand the underlying molecular mechanisms and evaluate rutinoside's translational potential for OA therapy.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">360</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rena Normasari&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Bambang Purwanto&lt;sup&gt;3*&lt;/sup&gt;, Damayanti Tinduh&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Doctoral Program, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Pathology Anatomy Department, Medical Faculty, Jember University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, INDONESIA. 4Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Made Dessy Gangga Ayu Cinthiadewi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nurwasis</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Firmansjah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Djoko Legowo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ni Putu Ayu Reza Dhiyantari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rifat Nurfahri</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Protective Effects of UV-blocking Spectacle Lenses and Class 1 UV-blocking Contact Lenses (Senofilcon A) on Superoxide Dismutase-2 and Catalase Expression in Lens Epithelial Cells Following UVB Radiation Exposure: An Experimental Study in Animal Model</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CAT</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">epithelial lens</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SOD2</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">UV-blocking contact lens.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">UV-blocking spectacles</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">UVB</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">785-790</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; To determine SOD2 and CAT expression in lens epithelial cells with the protection of UVblocking spectacle lens and UV-blocking contact lenses after UVB radiation. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; 32 eyes of&lt;em&gt; Rattus norvegicus&lt;/em&gt; mice were subjected to UVB radiation from Philips PL-S 9W/01 narrowband 311 nm lamps at a distance of 18 cm for 30 minutes. Divided into four groups: a control group, P1 group exposed to radiation, P2 group wearing UV-blocking spectacle lens, and P3 group wearing UV-blocking contact lens. The mice were euthanized three days later and had their eyes removed. Immunohistochemistry analysis was used to evaluate the expression of SOD2 and CAT. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;P1 demonstrated a statistically significant SOD2 expression (p=0.002) compared to the control group. Neither P2 nor P3 exhibited significant differences in SOD2 expression (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;=0.693; &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;=0.365). The SOD2 of the P1 group was significantly different compared to the P2 and P3 groups (p=0.007; p=0.023). No statistically significant difference between groups P2 and P3 (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;=0.606). The CAT levels in the P1 group significantly differed from the control group (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;=0.001). The differences between the P2 and P3 groups and the control groups were statistically insignificant (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;=0.894; &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;=0.120). CAT P1 group had a significant difference with P2 and P3 groups (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;=0.001; &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;=0.033). No statistically significant difference was observed between groups P2 and P3 (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;=0.154). Conclusions: UV-B exposure decreases the expression of SOD2 and CAT. Both protection can provide equally good protection.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">785</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Made Dessy Gangga Ayu Cinthiadewi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Nurwasis&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Firmansjah&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Djoko Legowo&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Ni Putu Ayu Reza Dhiyantari&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Rifat Nurfahri&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Ophthalmology, Dr.&amp;nbsp;Soetomo General Academic Hospital / Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pathology Veterinary, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,&amp;nbsp;Airlangga University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rian Nofiansyah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kohar Hari Santoso</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prananda Surya Airlangga</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prihatma Kriswidyatomo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hamzah</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Relationship Between Cerebrospinal Fluid S100B Levels with Glasgow Coma Scale and Rotterdam CT Score in Traumatic Brain Injury Patients</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Glasgow Coma Scale</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rotterdam CT score.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S100B</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Traumatic Brain Injury</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">503-508</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Traumatic brain injury (TBI) stands as one of the foremost reasons for mortality and incapacitation in young adults on a global scale, accounting for nearly half of all injury-related deaths. The severity of TBI can be assessed using various biomarkers, with the SI00B protein being one of them. While many studies have explored the correlation between serum protein levels and various aspects such as neuroimaging findings, clinical scores, and neuropsychological evaluations, there is a notable lack of research examining the correlation with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The research design of this study was prospective and observational, employing analytic methods for analysis. Fifteen TBI patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were fitted with ICP monitors comprised the study sample. GCS data used is post-resuscitation GCS. Data on SIOOB protein levels were taken from the examination of CSF samples taken when the ICP monitor was installed. Rotterdam CT score variables was taken from the last CT scan performed before the patient was fitted with an ICP monitor. The statistical analysis was conducted utilizing the SPSS version 26 software. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Demographic characteristics for this study tended to be more male (73.3%), with ages ranging from 18 to 65 years, and a mean age of 34.60 ± 16.22 years. The majority of injury mechanisms were traffic accidents (80%), and the most common lesion type was ICH. The mean CSF S 100B value of the 15 samples was 2753.689 pg/ ml. The results of the relationship test between S 100B CSF and GCS using the Spearman test obtained a p-value of less than 0.05, indicating a meaningful correlation between S 100B CSF and GCS, with a correlation coefficient or r value of -0.684. The results of the SIOOB CSF relationship test with Rotterdam CT Score obtained a p-value &amp;lt;0.05, with a correlation coefficient or r value of 0.827. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Increased levels of S100B in cerebrospinal fluid are associated with decreased GCS and increased Rotterdam CT score in traumatic brain injury patients.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">503</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rian Nofiansyah&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;*, Kohar Hari Santoso&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Prananda Surya Airlangga&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Prihatma Kriswidyatomo&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Hamzah&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Clinical Medicine Study Program, Master’s Degree, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga – Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga – Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sri Yuyun Afrianti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andi Indahwaty Sidin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Noer Bahry Noor</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Syahrir A. Pasinringi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ridwan M. Thaha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Mallongi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Study on Factors that Influence the High Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) of Makassar Ethnic Nurses in LANTO Hospital DG Pasewang Jeneponto in 2024.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hospitals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Makassar Ethnicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nurses</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Organizational Citizenship Behavior</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">312-318</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) is behavior carried out by an employee that exceeds formal work obligations, but has a good impact because it supports organizational effectiveness. Culture value is one of the factors for the high level of organizational citizenship behavior in Makassar ethnic nurses. According to the theory that researchers read, it is not only culture values that are a factor in high OCB. There are several factors that influence OCB, including Workplace Variables, HRM Policies &amp;amp; Practices, Culture, Contextual Factors, Work Centrality, Org Service Orientation, Org Reputation Threat, Dispositional Variables, Org Commitment, Demographic Variables, Personality Variables, Leader Supportive. Researchers became interested because this research only explored cultural values. Researchers want to look for other factors that influence the high OCB of the Makassar tribe at Lanto Dg Pasewang Jeneponto Regional Hospital so that they can be explored in more depth and become input for hospitals and other organizations. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The type of research carried out is qualitative research with a phenomenological approach. The informants in the research were 3 key informants consisting of the hospital director, head of nursing and head of the inpatient room and 7 regular informants consisting of several nurses at Lanto Dg Pasewang Jeneponto Regional Hospital. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Based on the results of interviews conducted by writers and ethnic Makassar nurses at Lanto Dg Pasewang Jeneponto Regional Hospital, there are several factors that influence the high level of OCB attitudes. Divided into 2 factors, namely internal and external. Internal factors include aspects originating from individual members of the organization, while external factors relate to the organizational environment and culture within it. Internal and external factors are interrelated in increasing OCB. Internal factors include aspects originating from individual members of the organization which include Dispositional Variables, Organizational Service, Organizational Commitment, Personality Variables, and Work Centrality. External factors relate to the organizational environment and culture within it, which include Workplace Variables, HRM Policies &amp;amp; Practices, Culture Values, Contextual Factors, Organizational Reputation Treats, Demographic Variables, and Leader Supportiveness. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; These twelve factors influence the high level of Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) in Makassar ethnic nurses at Lanto Dg Pasewang Jeneponto Regional Hospital.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">312</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sri Yuyun Afrianti&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Andi Indahwaty Sidin&lt;sup&gt;1,2,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Noer Bahry Noor&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Syahrir A. Pasinringi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Stang&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Ridwan M. Thaha&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Anwar Mallongi&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Hospital Administration Study Program, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Management Study Program, Faculty of Economics and Business, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ratna Umi Nurlila</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jumarddin La Fua</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toto Surianto S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Titi Purnama</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muh Ikhsan Idrus</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Armayani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Mallongi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Test of Antihyperuricemia Activity of Methanol Extract of Plantain Peel (Musa Paradisiaca Var. Sapientum) Against Caffeine- Induced Mice (Mus Musculus)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-hyperuricemic effect</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hyperuricemia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Methanol extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mus musculus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Optimal dosage</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plantain peel</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Uric acid levels</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">226-230</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;strong&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;Hyperuricemia occurs when serum uric acid levels rise above the normal range, typically exceeding 7.0 mg/dl for adults and 6.0 mg/dl for women. This condition can lead to various health issues, including gout, kidney stones, and renal failure. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aims to verify the effectiveness of the methanol extract from plantain peel (Musa paradisiaca var. sapientum) in reducing uric acid levels in mice (Mus musculus) and to establish the optimal dosage for maximum efficacy. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; This analytical experimental research utilized a paired sample T-test Pretest-Posttest design. The mice were divided into five groups: a Negative Control of Na.CMC 0.5%, a Positive Control of allopurinol at 100 mg/kg body weight, and groups receiving plantain peel methanol extract at 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, and 400 mg/kg body weight. Uric acid levels were measured initially, post-caffeine induction on day 7, and post-extract induction on day 14. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The study found that plantain peel methanol extract exhibited an anti-hyperuricemic effect in male mice. Among the dosages tested, 400 mg/kg body weight of the plantain peel methanol extract was the most effective in reducing uric acid levels, followed by the 200 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg doses. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Plantain peel methanol extract is effective in reducing uric acid levels in male mice, with 400 mg/kg being the most efficacious dosage. This suggests potential for further exploration of plantain peels as a treatment for hyperuricemia.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">226</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ratna Umi Nurlila&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Jumarddin La Fua&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Toto Surianto S&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Titi Purnama&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Muh Ikhsan Idrus&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Armayani&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Anwar Mallongi&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacy, university of mandala waluya kendari, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Tadris Biology, State Islamic Institute of Kendari, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Public Health, Mandala Waluya University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Mandala Waluya University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Nursing, Mandala Waluya University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Susana Rubio-Guevara</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olga Castillo-Medina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marleni Villacorta-Zavaleta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marleni Villacorta-Zavaleta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dan Altamirano-Sarmiento</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elena Caceres-Andonaire</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Matilde Farias</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nayly Chinchay</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Claudia Guerrero</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Josue Flores</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Edgar Vilela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sidny Nunez</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Janina Sernaque</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Felipe Pacherres</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gabriela Mena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maria Trillo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Julio Amayo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karyn Olascuaga-Castillo</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vaccinium corymbosum: Phenolic Compound Content and Effect of Fruit Extract on Blood Glucose in Healthy Mice</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Animal studies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blueberry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hypoglycemic Effect</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Insulin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phenols</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Type 2 Diabetes.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">716-725</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; In the context of the increasing prevalence of metabolic diseases such as diabetes, the search for natural compounds with potential impact on glycemic regulation has become a crucial area of research. Among the numerous options available, &lt;em&gt;Vaccinium corymbosum&lt;/em&gt; extract, commonly known as &quot;blueberry&quot;, has emerged as a promising candidate due to its rich composition of phytochemicals with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and hypoglycemic properties. The aim of this study was to determine the total phenolic content (TPC) and the activity of &lt;em&gt;Vaccinium corymbosum&lt;/em&gt; (&quot;blueberry&quot;) fruit extract on glycemia in healthy mice. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The Folin-Ciocalteau method was applied in order to quantify the phenolic compounds and the BE was administered to 25 mice distributed in six groups: control, negative control, experimental-D1- D2-D3, which were administered the BE in doses of 40, 80 and 120 mg/kg b.w. respectively; and insulin group; which were subjected to the glucose tolerance test (GTT) taking blood samples after 30, 60, 120 and 180 minutes. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The total phenolic content (TPC) amount found in the berries was 3.79±0.06 GAE/dry weight (mg/g) and 18.96±0.28 GAE/solution (mg/L). Statistically significant differences were observed between the three doses of BE and the negative control during GTT as well as induced a significant reduction in area under the curve (AUC) compared to the negative control. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; the three doses of the BE decreased glucose levels being the dose of 40 mg/kg b.w. the one that produced a statistically significant decrease with respect to the doses of 80 and 120 mg/kg b.w. during GTT.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">716</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Susana Rubio-Guevara&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Olga Castillo-Medina&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Marleni Villacorta- Zavaleta&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Cyntia Blanco-Olano&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Dan Altamirano-Sarmiento&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Elena Cáceres-Andonaire&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Matilde Farias&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Nayly Chinchay&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Claudia Guerrero&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Josue Flores&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Edgar Vilela&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sidny Nunez&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Janina Sernaque&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Felipe Pacherres&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Gabriela Mena&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Maria Trillo&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Julio Amayo&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Karyn Olascuaga-Castillo&lt;sup&gt;1 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;PharmaScience Research Group. Pharmacology Laboratory. School of Human Medicine.&amp;nbsp;Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego. Trujillo. PERU.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;School of Human Medicine.&amp;nbsp;Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego. Piura. PERU.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hartono Kahar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sari Prabandari Prasetyaningrum</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Munawaroh Fitriah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aryati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jusak Nugraha</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analysis of Covid-19 Neutralizing Antibody Levels Post Vaccination using Ichroma™ and iFlash Covid-19 Nab</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ichroma</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">iFlash.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neutralizing Antibody</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">171-174</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; One of the efforts to control SARS-CoV-2 infection in health workers is vaccination. In this study, the levels of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody (nAb) in health workers were measured with Ichroma and iFlash. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; This study applied an observational analytic design with a prospective cohort and was conducted at Dr. Soetomo Regional Public Hospital, Surabaya, from January to November 2021. The population of this study included a total of 75 health workers after taking the second dose of the SARS-CoV-2 (Sinovac) vaccine. The Covid-19 NAb levels of the population were tested with Ichroma and iFlash on day 0 before vaccination, as well as days 14 and 28, and months 3 and 6 after vaccination. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The Friedman test indicated a significant difference in NAb levels according to the iFlash test on day 14, day 28, month 3, and month 6 compared to those before vaccination (p &amp;lt; 0.05). The Wilcoxon test revealed a significant difference in NAb levels on day 14, day 28, month 3, and month 6. The results of the Cochran test showed a significant difference in the positivity of NAb according to the Ichroma test on day 14, day 28, month 3, and month 6 compared to those before vaccination (p &amp;lt; 0.05). McNemar's test demonstrated that the COI at month 3 was not significantly different from that before vaccination; The COI at month 6 was not significantly different from those at days 14 and 28. The results of the Pearson correlation test and Bland–Altman plot indicated a moderate correlation between Ichroma and iFlash (r = 0.592, p = 0.002).&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Neutralizing antibodies for Covid-19 were formed after day 14 and started to increase on day 28 and started to decrease in months 3 and 6. The levels of NAb for Covid-19 were measured with Ichroma and iFlash in roughly the same pattern and had a moderate positive correlation.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">171</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hartono Kahar&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Sari Prabandari Prasetyaningrum&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Munawaroh Fitriah&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Aryati&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Jusak Nugraha&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory Instalation, Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Clinical Pathology Specialization Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sukmawati Rumakur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Alwy Arifin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Darmawansyah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Balqis</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Furqaan Naiem</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suriah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Mallongi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muh. Yusri Abadi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analysis of Factors Affecting Exclusive Breast Milk in The Work Area of Waru Puskesmas East Seram Regency</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Exclusive breastfeeding</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Infants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Puskesmas.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">846-850</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;At present exclusive breastfeeding is decreasing, the causes of the decline in exclusive breastfeeding are factors of lack of knowledge, social culture, awareness of the importance of breastfeeding, health services, health workers who have not fully supported, and the incessant promotion of exclusive breastfeeding. The low percentage of breastfeeding is probably due to the many factors that cause breastfeeding failure, both internal factors (mother's knowledge, mother's education, mother's occupation, and mother's disease) and external factors (promotional infant formula, birth attendants) which cause failure in breastfeeding for 6 months. This study aims to determine the factors that influence exclusive breastfeeding to infants in the work area of the Waru Health Center, East Seram District. This type of research is quantitative research with an analytic observational design with a cross-sectional study to see the effect of the independent variables on the dependent variable and observations at the same time. The sampling technique in this study was simple random sampling with a total sample of 81 mothers. The results of this study indicate that there is an influence between employment status and the support of health workers with exclusive breastfeeding, while for the variables of maternal pregnancy distance and knowledge, there is no effect with exclusive breastfeeding. Suggestions for health workers are to improve communication, information, and education. The advice for breastfeeding mothers is to further increase knowledge related to lactation and family support is needed.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">846</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sukmawati Rumakur&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Alwy Arifin&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Darmawansyah&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Balqis&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Furqaan Naiem&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Suriah&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Anwar Mallongi&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Muh. Yusri Abadi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Students of the Postgraduate Study Program in Public Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Health Administration and Policy, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Occupational Health and Safety, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wafika Aziza Nasir</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sukri Palutturi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alwy Arifin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Balqis</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wahiduddin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Daud</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Mallongi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analysis of Policy Implementation of Minimum Service Standards for Hypertension in Marusu Health Center Maros District</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Commitment.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hypertension</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Minimum services</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Policy implementation</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">861-867</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;The Minimum Service Standards (SPM) in the health sector are a reference for Regency/City. Regional Governments in the provision of Health Services that every citizen is entitled to receive at a minimum. The MSS for Hypertension health services is one of the types and quality of basic services in the MSS in the health sector. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the MSS for hypertension services at the Marusu Health Center, Maros Regency. This type of research uses descriptive qualitative which aims to get an in-depth description of the analysis of the implementation of the minimum service standard for hypertension at the Marusu Health Center. The results of the study show that communication has not run optimally, the SPM Hypertension policy contained in PMK No. 4 of 2019 has not been transmitted to the public as a policy target. Human resources are still inadequate and have a double workload so that the achievements are not optimal. Disposition has been going pretty well. commitment and implementation support are quite good, has carried out coordination and commitment involving cross-programs and related cross-sectors. The bureaucratic structure is already running quite well. The implementation mechanism has been running according to the SOP with the guidelines of the Minister of Health Regulation No. 4 of 2019. The implementation of the SPM for hypertension services at the Marusu Health Center has been going quite well. It is hoped that the Maros District Health Office and the Marusu Health Center will improve the aspects of communication, resources, disposition and bureaucratic structure in their implementation.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">861</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Wafika Aziza Nasir&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Sukri Palutturi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Alwy Arifin&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Balqis&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Wahiduddin&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Anwar Daud&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Anwar Mallongi&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Master Program of Health Administration and Policy, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Health Administration and Policy, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sri Nuriana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Balqis</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sukri Palutturi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Indar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yahya Thamrin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Mallongi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analysis of Policy Recommendations in Efforts to Control Positive  COVID-19 Cases in South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COVID-19</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Health Policy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Policy Analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Surveillance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vaccination</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1230-1235</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Inconsistent COVID-19 policies have caused the government to experience a degradation in public trust. So, it is necessary to propose policy recommendations for controlling positive COVID-19 cases that receive support from various multi-sectoral areas. &lt;strong&gt;Method: &lt;/strong&gt;This research was conducted in January–May 2023. This type of research is qualitative-exploratory, using case study methods through indepth interviews and literature studies of all informants. Sampling was purposive sampling. This research variable uses Patton and Sawicki's alternative policy criteria theory (1986). &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The proposed policy recommendations are increasing COVID-19 vaccine coverage and surveillance for monitoring coronavirus mutations. The two policy recommendations have met technical feasibility because they have clear outcomes, where the outcome of vaccination is to establish herd immunity. In contrast, surveillance of coronavirus mutations has the outcome of analyzing the efficacy of the COVID-19 vaccine. From the economic and financial possibility side, a budget is available with the advantage of carrying out normal activities without any restrictions and efficiency in the health budget. Regarding political viability, the government supports the policy, does not violate the rules, and serves the community's needs. Regarding administrative operability, the government as the authorized party is considered to have adequate capability, organizational support, and institutional commitment. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The policy recommendations proposed by policymakers and epidemiology experts are increasing COVID-19 vaccination coverage and monitoring surveillance of coronavirus mutations, and it is hoped that the South Sulawesi Provincial Government can consider the proposed policy recommendations.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1230</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sri Nuriana&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Balqis&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; , Sukri Palutturi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; , Indar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; , Yahya Thamrin&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; , Stang&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt; , Anwar Mallongi&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Student of the Master's Program in Health Administration and Policy, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Health Administration and Policy, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Occupational Safety and Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Population Biostatistics / Family Planning, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nolitha Nkobole</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lavhelesani R. Managa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gerhard Prinsloo</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antidiabetic and Hypoglycaemic Activities of Commonly Used African Traditional Vegetables</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">African traditional vegetables</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antidiabetic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diabetes mellitus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hypoglycaemic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemicals.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">339-356</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Diabetes mellitus is a common and complex metabolic disorder associated with high blood glucose levels leading to complications. Adopting a sedentary lifestyle characterized by low physical activity and consumption of high-energy diets contributes to the development of diabetes mellitus. Lifestyle changes and the use of pharmacological agents that target particular biochemical pathways involved in nutrient metabolism are currently used as management guidelines for managing risk factors associated with diabetes mellitus. The use of prescription medications for an extended period is linked to several negative side effects. Alternative management strategies of risk factors linked to diabetes mellitus involve the use of African leafy vegetables. African leafy vegetables contain a variety of biologically active compounds that provide health benefits. These crops have the potential to be a valuable source of new oral hypoglycemic agents for diabetes management. This review analyses the antidiabetic activities of nine African leafy vegetables whilst also defining the gap areas for future research. &lt;strong&gt;Methods&lt;/strong&gt;: Data was acquired via electronic search engines of which only peer-reviewed papers published in journals were considered. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;African traditional vegetables showed diverse&lt;em&gt; in vitro &lt;/em&gt;and&lt;em&gt; in vivo&lt;/em&gt; antidiabetic activities. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; There is an urgent need to document and use the knowledge of African leafy vegetables that have potential in the treatment and management of diabetes mellitus.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">339</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nolitha Nkobole&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Lavhelesani R. Managa&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Gerhard Prinsloo&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, University of South Africa, Science campus, Florida, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Africa Institute of South Africa, Human Sciences Research Council, Pretoria, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sri Wahyu Ningsih Munthe</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Riskianto Riskianto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Denny Juvi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jessica Novia</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant, Total Phenolic, and Total Flavonoid of 70% Ethanol Extract of Avocado Seeds (Persea americana Mill.)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Avocado seeds</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DPPH</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Persea americana Mill.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Total flavonoids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Total phenolics.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">599-605</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Avocado seeds (&lt;em&gt;Persea americana &lt;/em&gt;Mill.) are high in phytochemicals and are utilized in herbal medicine. The objective of this study is to analyze the antioxidant activities, total phenolics and flavonoids of the &lt;em&gt;P. americana &lt;/em&gt;seed extract.&lt;em&gt; P. americana&lt;/em&gt; seed extraction was obtained through maceration and reflux using a 70% ethanol solvent. The results obtained were compared in terms of yield productivity, with yields of 43.07 (%) and 39.58 (%) respectively. Phytochemical compounds extracted from &lt;em&gt;P. americana&lt;/em&gt; seeds were tested using the phytochemical screening method, the antioxidant activity assay, the total phenolic analysis, and the total flavonoid analysis. The phytochemical screening showed that &lt;em&gt;P. americana&lt;/em&gt; seeds contain flavonoids, saponins, phenols, tannins, alkaloids, and quinones. The antioxidant activity of the 70% ethanol extract of &lt;em&gt;P. americana &lt;/em&gt;seeds obtained by maceration and reflux method was 77.298 g/mL and 98.626 g/mL, respectively, meanwhile the IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values of vitamin C were 12.883 g/mL. The 70% ethanol extract of &lt;em&gt;P. americana &lt;/em&gt;seeds obtained by maceration and reflux method had total phenolic content of 276.96 mgGAE/g and 294.96 mgGAE/g, and total flavonoid content of 1.73 mgQE/g and 12.70 mgQE/g respectively. This simply implies that the 70% ethanolic extracts from &lt;em&gt;P. americana&lt;/em&gt; seeds obtained through maceration and reflux have strong antioxidant activity.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">599</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sri Wahyu Ningsih Munthe, Riskianto Riskianto, Denny Juvi, Jessica Novia*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Pelita Harapan, Tangerang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rena Normasari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bambang Purwanto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Damayanti Tinduh</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A Comparative Study of CFA and MIA Induction Models in Rat  Knee Arthritis</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CFA</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CTX-II</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IL-1β</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MIA</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Osteoarthritis</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1197-1201</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;This study presents another comparative review of knee joint arthritis induction in rats using two distinct methods: Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA) and monosodium iodoacetate (MIA). Different variables are assessed, including bodyweight changes, knee bend scores, and knee diameter measurements, as well as the quantification of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and C-telopeptide of type II collagen (CTX-II) levels. CFA or MIA induction was used on rats, and 14 days were observed. Our data show that the impact of arthritis induction varies significantly across the two models. Both the CFA and MIA groups showed different changes in terms of bodyweight changes, knee bend scores, and knee diameter variations. Furthermore, the levels of IL-1β and CTX-II, both known indicators of inflammation and cartilage degeneration, were measured. Notably, IL-1β levels in the CFA group were considerably higher than in the MIA-induced rats, although CTX-II concentrations showed a contrary pattern. These findings highlight the need to carefully consider the induction approach when performing arthritis investigations in rats since the model used has a major impact on the reported physiological alterations. This study's comparative analysis provides useful information for researchers looking to use rat knee joint arthritis models, laying the groundwork for a better-informed selection of the best induction strategy depending on desired outcome metrics.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1197</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rena Normasari&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; , Bambang Purwanto&lt;sup&gt;2,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Damayanti Tinduh&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Doctoral Program, Medical Faculty, Airlangga University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Physiology Department, Medical Faculty, Airlangga University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department, Medical Faculty, Airlangga University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S. Nithya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S. Dhanalakshmi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S. Anand Babu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S. Nirmala</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">D. Bharathi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">L. Karpagavalli</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Comparative Study of Polyherbal Formulation for Antiarthritic Activity Having Cockle Shell, Egg Shell, Ginger and Balloon Vein in Gel Form and Oil Form: A Novel Preparation for Anti-Oxidant Activity</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Herb formulation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In vitro studies – DPPH.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">RA</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">714-718</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Inflammatory and chronic disease of the joints and tissues surrounding them, rheumatoid arthritis is known as the most common form of arthritis. Traditional medicines plays major role because of more advantageous like lesser side effects, naturally available and cost effective. A formulation for anti arthritis activity was developed, isolated, and evaluated in this study. Based on the extensive review of the literature, we have formulated three formulation like gel, polyherbal oil formulation with extract of herbs and polyherbal formulation with powders of herbs. We have selected, traditional herbs (Cockle shell, Egg shell, Ginger and Ballon Vein) based on the literature and does a comparative study between gel and the oil formulation to check which has better anti arthritis activity. The selected herbs for formulation of gel are cockle shell and egg shell which has rich calcium content and for oil formulation herbs like ballon vein and ginger were chosen.The chemical constituent present in herbs plays a major role in curing rheumatoid arthritis.Then finally we have done a evaluation like ph measurement, spreadability, specific gravity, antioxidant study etc., between the comparison of DPPH assay of the formulation, clearly reported that the efficacy in the medicated oil in the extract and well in the macerated oil showed significant antioxidant activity when compared to the gel.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">714</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;S. Nithya&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, S. Dhanalakshmi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, S. Anand Babu&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, S. Nirmala&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, D. Bharathi&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, L. Karpagavalli&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutics, GRT Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Tiruttani, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital campus, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chromepet, Chennai, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical chemistry, Jaya college of Pharmacy, Chennai, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Emranul Kabir</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">M. R. O. Khan Noyon</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Monir Uzzaman</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Computational and Pharmacokinetic Investigation of Some Heterocyclic Amide Derivatives as Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors: An In-Silico Approach</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ADMET.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cyclooxygenase (COX)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heterocyclic amide derivatives</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular docking</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">194-207</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;The two most significant as well as historically important non-steroidal and anti-inflammatory medications (NSAIDs), aspirin and ibuprofen, are frequently used to treat fever, pain, and inflammation. By blocking the activity of cyclooxygenase (COX), it can prevent the production of prostaglandin. In an effort to examine the physiochemical and biological properties of some heterocyclic amide derivatives and quantum mechanical computations have been used to analyze the compounds. To clarify the thermochemical, molecular orbital, and equilibrium geometrical features in the gas phase, density functional theory (DFT) with the B3LYP/6- 31G basis set has been used. Binding affinities and modes of heterocyclic amide analogs have been investigated on human cyclooxygenase (COX-1 and COX-2) proteins (6Y3C and 5F19) using molecular docking as well as nonbonding interactions. Results from geometry and thermochemical analysis support the chemical sustainability of all the structures. Most of the compounds exhibited a significant affinity for binding to the receptor protein (5F19) than the standard drugs aspirin and ibuprofen. The improved pharmacokinetic features of certain derivatives with reduced acute oral toxicity were revealed by ADMET prediction. Overall, four heterocyclic amide analogs 3-6 were found to be more efficient in inhibiting COX- 2 (5F19) than COX-1 (6Y3C), suggesting that they may be useful as COX-2-related inflammation drug candidates.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">194</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Emranul Kabir&lt;sup&gt;1,2*&lt;/sup&gt;, M. R. O. Khan Noyon&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Monir Uzzaman&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Chittagong, Chittagong-4331, BANGLADESH.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Science, International Islamic University, Chittagong- 4318, BANGLADESH.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhamad Robiul Fuadi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jusak Nugraha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">I Gde Rurus Suryawan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hartono Kahar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aryati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gwenny Ichsan Prabowo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Budi Utomo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reny I’tishom</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Correlation of Apo E Gene Polymorphism with Recurrent Acute Coronary Syndrome</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acute Coronary Syndrome</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ApoE gene</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PCR RFLP</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polymorphism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Public Health</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">450-453</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background&lt;/strong&gt;: Recurrent cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence puts patients at higher risk for mortality and morbidity. One of the CVD symptoms is acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Many genetic polymorphisms are CVD risk factors. This study’s purpose was to investigate the correlation between recurrent ACS incidence and apolipoprotein E (ApoE) gene polymorphism.&lt;strong&gt; Method&lt;/strong&gt;: Case-control design was used in this study. About 90 patients who visited the cardiology and internal medicine clinics at UNAIR Hospital in Surabaya, Indonesia, served as the study's subjects. There were 30 patients with recurrent ACS, 30 patients with a single ACS, and 30 patients with no history of cardiovascular disease. Afterward, using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length method, the ApoE gene polymorphism examination was carried out. The Tropical Disease Center UNAIR Laboratory conducted all laboratory testing. R&lt;strong&gt;esults&lt;/strong&gt;: In the recurrent ACS group, ApoE polymorphism genotype patterns were 5 subjects for ε2ε2 (16.67%), 23 subjects for ε3ε3 (76.66%), and 2 subjects for ε4ε4 (6.67%). Meanwhile, in the single ACS group, ApoE polymorphism genotype patterns were 6 subjects for ε2ε2 (20%), 22 subjects for ε3ε3 (73.4%), 1 subject for ε4ε4 (3.33%), and 1 subject for ε2ε3 (3.33%). And, in the non- ACS group, ApoE polymorphism genotype patterns were4 subjects for ε2ε2 (13.34%), 25 subjects for ε3ε3 (83.33%), and1 subject for ε4ε4 (3.33%). There was no correlation of ApoE gene polymorphism with recurrent ACS incidence by Chi-square analysis (p &amp;gt; 0.05). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;: ApoE gene polymorphism cannot significantly affect recurrent ACS incidence.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">450</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Muhamad Robiul Fuadi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Jusak Nugraha&lt;sup&gt;2,*&lt;/sup&gt;, I Gde Rurus Suryawan&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Hartono Kahar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Aryati&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Gwenny Ichsan Prabowo&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Budi Utomo&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Reny I’tishom&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Doctoral Program of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Physiology and Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chairul A. Nidom</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arif N. M. Ansori</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Astria N. Nidom</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Setyarina Indrasari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reviany V. Nidom</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Curcumin from Curcuma longa L. as Dual Inhibitors Against Indonesian SARS-CoV-2 Isolates: A Molecular Docking Study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COVID-19</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Curcumin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Indonesia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular docking</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SARS-CoV-2</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">228-232</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;COVID-19 has become a global pandemic since 2020. The search for promising drugs based on the abundant herbal ingredients in Indonesia is one of the breakthroughs. Curcumin is a chemical compound with various potentials such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiviral. We conducted a molecular docking analysis to determine the potential of curcumin against SARS-CoV-2 non-structural and structural proteins, such as the main protease and spike protein. This study used the compound of curcumin (PubChem CID: 969516) from &lt;em&gt;Curcuma longa&lt;/em&gt; L. or turmeric and two Indonesian SARS-CoV-2 isolates that have been deposited in the GISAID database (hCoV-19/Indonesia/JI-PNF-217315/2021 - EPI_ ISL_12777089 or lineage B.1.617.2 and hCoV-19/Indonesia/JI-PNF-211373/2021 - EPI_ISL_6425649 or lineage B.1.470). In addition, we used molnupiravir (PubChem CID: 145996610) as a drug control. We performed molecular docking analysis with PyRx software 0.9.9 (academic license) and visualization of molecular docking results with PyMOL software 2.5.4 (academic license). The results of this study found that curcumin had good potential against main protease and spike protein compared to the drug (control). In summary, we suggested that curcumin is a potential drug candidate against SARS-CoV-2. However, there is a need for future wet laboratory-based pre-clinical research such as &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;in vivo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">228</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Chairul A. Nidom&lt;sup&gt;1,2*&lt;/sup&gt;, Arif N. M. Ansori&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Astria N. Nidom&lt;sup&gt;1,3&lt;/sup&gt;, Setyarina Indrasari1, Reviany V. Nidom&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Professor Nidom Foundation, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA. 3Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Raden Muharam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nurhuda Sahar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kusmardi Kusmardi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Luluk Yunaini</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Risqa Novita</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rosalina Thuffi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Conny Riana Tjampakasari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ponco Birowo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diyah Kristanty</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Decreased Expression of Endocrine Glands Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (EG-VEGF) in Rat Endometrial After Stimulation with Recombinants FSH Can be Reduce Implantation Rates</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EG-VEGF</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Endometrial receptivity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">rFSH</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Secretory phase.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">707-713</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Decreased expression of EG-VEGF in human endometrium after administration of ovarian stimulators has been reported to adversely affect endometrial receptivity and low implantation rates. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To determine the effect of recombinant FSH administration on EG-VEGF protein in the endometrium of rats taken in the secretory phase and how it relates to endometrial receptivity. Design: A total of 36 female wistar rats with normal estrous cycles were randomly assigned to the natural cycle group (NC) and two stimulation groups (SC) which were injected with recombinant FSH at 12.5 IU and 25 IU intraperitoneally. Uterine necropsy and blood collection were performed on day 1, day 2, and day 3 after hCG administration. A total of 3 female rats from each group were mated with male rats (two males and three females in one cage). A successful marriage is indicated by the presence of a vaginal plug the next day. The level of EG-VEGF protein expression was assessed by immunohistochemical technique and steroid hormone levels were measured by the Elisa technique. &lt;strong&gt;Results&lt;/strong&gt;: ANOVA test, that the expression of EG-VEGF in the endometrial glands showed a significant decrease from the normal cycle group to the stimulated cycle group 1 (SC 1) and SC2 (P = 0.00), as well as the expression of EG-VEGF in the endometrial stroma. (P = 000). Steroid hormone levels did not show a significant decrease between the normal cycle group and the stimulated cycle group (P = 0.48 and P = 0.13). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Decreased EG-VEGF expression in rat endometrium after administration of recombinant FSH is associated with decreased endometrial receptivity which can reduce pregnancy rates.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">707</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Raden Muharam&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Nurhuda Sahar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Kusmardi Kusmardi&lt;sup&gt;3,5,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Luluk Yunaini&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Risqa Novita&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;, Rosalina Thuffi&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;, Conny Riana Tjampakasari&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;, Ponco Birowo&lt;sup&gt;10&lt;/sup&gt;, Diyah Kristanty&lt;sup&gt;11&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pathology Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Drug Development Research Center, Indonesia Medical Education and Research Institute, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Human Cancer Research Center, Indonesia Medical Education and Research Institute, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Center of Biomedical and Basic Health Technology, Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;Master Programe of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;10&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Urology Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;11&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dinar Sari C. Wahyuni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Siti A. E. Astuti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soerya Dewi Marliyana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yudi Rinanto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tiara Dewi S. Pratama</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ahmad Fauzi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ari Satia Nugraha</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Effect of Drying Methods on Chemical Profiling of Zingiberaceae Herbs Production</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Curcuma Genus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Freeze drying</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Multivariate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oven drying</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zingiber Genus.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">128-133</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background&lt;/strong&gt;: Drying method is one of the important steps in post-harvesting in herbal production in order to prolong the shelf-life of herbal medicine and to ensure the good quality. &lt;strong&gt;Objective&lt;/strong&gt;: This research aimed to profile and quantify the metabolites changing using metabolomic based on&lt;sup&gt; 1&lt;/sup&gt;H-NMR Spectroscopy on &lt;em&gt;Curcuma and Zingiber&lt;/em&gt; genus due to the drying process. &lt;strong&gt;Material and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Five species of the &lt;em&gt;Curcuma and Zingiber &lt;/em&gt;genus were Curcuma longa &lt;em&gt;L., Curcuma&lt;/em&gt; aeruginosa Roxb., Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb., Zingiber officinale Roscoe. and Zingiber amaricans BI. The drying method applied were freeze drying and oven drying method at -1080C and 500C, respectively. Samples were extracted using buffer phosphate and deuterated methanol (3:7). The analysis was performed using &lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;H-NMR spectroscopy 400 MHz with TSP as an internal standard. The &lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;H-NMR spectra were analysed with multivariate (Principal Component Analysis).&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The relative concentrations of sucrose and fructose at 5 samples in freeze drying method showed significant higher content than those in oven drying. On the other hands, glucose was mostly significant higher concentration in oven drying at 5 samples. Fructose and sucrose were significantly higher in freeze drying method than those in oven drying in &lt;em&gt;Curcuma and Zingiber&lt;/em&gt; genera. Relative glucose content was higher in oven drying at Curcuma genus &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Therefore, oven drying method which applied heating at 500C is an appropriate method for herbal medicine production, especially in &lt;em&gt;Curcuma and Zingiber&lt;/em&gt; genus, for maintaining the major secondary metabolites.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">128</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dinar Sari C. Wahyuni&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Siti A. E. Astuti&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Soerya Dewi Marliyana&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Yudi Rinanto&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Tiara Dewi S. Pratama&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ahmad Fauzi&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Ari Satia Nugraha&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A Surakarta 57 126, Central Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;ChemistryDepartment, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A Surakarta 57 126, Central Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Biology Education Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A Surakarta 57 126, Central Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Jl. A. Yani, Pabelan, Kartasura, Sukoharjo 57169, Central Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Drug Utilisation and Discovery Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Jember, Jl. Kalimantan I/2, Jember, 68121, East Java, INDONESIA.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kadek Rachmawati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rochmah Kurnijasanti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Emy Koestanti Sabdoningrum</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sin War Naw</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effectiveness of Ketapang (Terminalia cattapa L.) Extract Against Avian Pathogenic Eschericia coli (APEC) Infections in Layer Performance</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Food security</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Layer chicken performance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terminalia cattapa L.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">417-422</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;This study aimed to determine the activity of Ketapang extract (&lt;em&gt;Terminalia cattapa&lt;/em&gt; L.) in layers infected with APEC. In vitro study that was conducted dilution methods using Ketapang extract at 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% and 30% concentrations.&lt;em&gt; In vivo&lt;/em&gt; study was conducted by randomly dividing 20 layers into five treatment groups, four per group. The chickens (except in group P0−) were infected with APEC aged 24 weeks. Then, the treatment was conducted according to the divided groups in one week. The said treatments are P0− (uninfected APEC and unadministered with Ketapang extract), P0+ (infected with APEC and unadministered with Ketapang extract), and P1, P2, and P3 (infected with APEC and administered with Ketapang extract with 5%, 10%, and 20% concentrations, respectively). The data from layers’ performance were analyzed using ANOVA and Duncan’s test. The dilution method (MIC and MBC) exhibited the antibacterial ability of Ketapang extract against APEC at 5% dose. The Ketapang extract administration in layers exhibited improved performance of chickens infected with APEC, with the administration of 10% dose of Ketapang extract showing the best result. In summary, about 10% concentration Ketapang extract can serve as an antibacterial agent and showed the best results in layers infected with APEC.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">417</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Kadek Rachmawati&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Rochmah Kurnijasanti&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Emy Koestanti Sabdoningrum&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sin War Naw&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Basic Veterinary Medicine Division, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, 60115, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Animal Husbandry Division, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, 60115, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Myitkyina University, Myitkyina, Myanmar&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Asriani Usman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Irwandy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Noer Bahry Noor</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alimin Maidin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fridawaty Rivai</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Indrabayu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Mallongi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evaluation of Electronic Medical Record System in Outpatient Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Makassar Central General Hospital in 2022</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Electronic Medical Record System</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hot-Fit</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Outpatient.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">System Evaluation</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">423-427</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;The Electronic Medical Record System in Indonesia is currently a concern of the government of the Republic of Indonesia by requiring every health facility including hospitals in Indonesia to implement an Electronic Medical Record System. To find out that this system is beneficial for health services in hospitals, an evaluation is needed. This study aims to evaluate the Electronic Medical Record System that has been running in the Outpatient of Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Makassar Central General Hospital from a user perspective using the Human Organization Fit Model. The type of research used is quantitative using an analytical observational design with a cross sectional study approach. The sample in this study were users of electronic medical records in the Outpatient Department of Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Makassar Central General Hospital, totaling 174 respondents. Hypothesis testing in this study using path analysis. The results of this study indicate that technology has a direct and significant effect on humans (&amp;lt;0,001) &amp;lt;0,05. Technology has a direct and significant effect on the organization (&amp;lt;0,001) &amp;lt;0,05. Humans have a direct and significant effect on the organization (&amp;lt;0,001) &amp;lt;0,05. Human has a direct and significant effect on benefits (&amp;lt;0,001) &amp;lt;0,05. Organization has a direct and significant effect on benefits (&amp;lt;0,001) &amp;lt;0,05. Technology has an indirect effect on benefits through people (ρ Value 0,007 &amp;lt; 0,05, path coefficient = 0,179). Technology has no indirect effect on benefits through organizations (ρ Value 0,051 &amp;gt; 0,05). This means that humans as intermediaries from technology to benefits have a significant effect while organizations as intermediaries from technology to benefits have an insignificant effect.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">423</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Asriani Usman&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Irwandy&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Noer Bahry Noor&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Alimin Maidin&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Fridawaty Rivai&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Indrabayu&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Anwar Mallongi&lt;sup&gt;3,*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Hospital Administration Study Program, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Informatics, Faculty of Engineering, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Environmental Health Department, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Daya Banyu Bening</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reni Prastyani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nurwasis</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evelyn Komaratih</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ismi Zuhria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hari Basuki Notobroto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dyah Fauziah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chrismawan Ardianto</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Expressions of Matrix Metalloproteinase-3 and Tissue Inhibitor Metalloproteinase-1 in Corneal Tissue Post Alkali Burn Treated with Topical Medroxyprogesterone Acetate and Doxycycline</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Corneal alkali burn</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Doxycycline.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medroxyprogesterone acetate</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">553-557</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Purpose: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aims to investigate the effects of topical Medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) and Doxycycline in inhibiting the expression of MMP-3 and TIMP-1 in ocular alkali burn models in animals. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 18 New Zealand Rabbits were divided into 3 groups based on their post-alkali-burn treatment: PBS (G1/ control group), topical Doxycycline 1mg/ml (G2), and topical MPA 1% (G3). Alkali burn models were made by exposing 1N NaOH solution to the central cornea for 30 seconds. MMP-3 and TIMP-1 expression were evaluated using immunohistochemistry after 14 days of treatment. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;strong&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;Statistically significant differences in the mean MMP-3 expression were found between the three groups (p=0.010). There was a significant difference in MMP-3 expression between the control group with MPA (p=0.017) and Doxycycline (p=0.028) but was not found between the MPA and Doxycycline groups (p=1,000). The mean differences in TIMP-1 expression between the three treatment groups were statistically significant (p=0.005), with a significant difference between the control group with Doxycycline (p=0.022) and MPA (p=0.007). There was no significant difference in TIMP-1 expression between the Doxycycline and MPA groups (P=1,000). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;This study indicated that topical administration of Doxycycline or MPA in ocular alkali burn reduces the expression of MMP-3 and TIMP-1.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">553</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Daya Banyu Bening&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Reni Prastyani&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Nurwasis&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Evelyn Komaratih&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ismi Zuhria&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Hari Basuki Notobroto&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Dyah Fauziah&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Chrismawan Ardianto&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Ophthalmology, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital / Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biostatistics and Population, Faculty of Public Health, Airlangga University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Airlangga University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rahadian Zainul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rismi Verawati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agus Suprijono</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Riso Sari Mandeli</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Asri Peni Wulandari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dony Novaliendry</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ritmaleni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Linda Rosalina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Arya Ghifari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amalia Putri Lubis</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Viol Dhea Kharisma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vikash Jakhmola</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maksim Rebezov</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ANM Ansori</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In Silico Study on the Potential of Guaiacol Extract from Green Tea (Camellia sinensis) as a Stimulant for Carbanoic Anhydrase II in Renal Tubular Acidosis</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Camellia sinensis.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carbanoic Anhydrase II</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Guaiacol</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular docking</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Renal Tubular Acidosis</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">494-499</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;This study explores the potential of Guaiacol, a green tea extract from &lt;em&gt;Camellia &lt;/em&gt;sinensis, as a stimulant in renal tubular acidosis through &lt;em&gt;in-silico&lt;/em&gt; investigation on the Carbanoic Anhydrase II enzyme. Utilizing comprehensive computational tools including PyMOL, PyRx, Protein Plus, and the Lipinski's Rule of Five, a detailed examination of the molecular structure and its interactions with the target enzyme was conducted. The results from Protein Plus revealed interactions between Guaiacol and Carbanoic Anhydrase II. Quantitative parameters were determined with Binding Affinity values of -5, -4.7, and -4.5, along with RMSD values of 0, 0.956, and 1.412. The Lipinski's Rule of Five was employed to evaluate the compound's drug-like properties, with the findings indicating a molecular weight of 124, one hydrogen bond donor, two hydrogen bond acceptors, a log P of 1.4, and a molar reactivity of 34.65. Overall, these findings suggest that Guaiacol holds promising therapeutic potential in the treatment of renal tubular acidosis.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">494</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rahadian Zainul&lt;sup&gt;1,9,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Rismi Verawati&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Agus Suprijono&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Riso Sari Mandeli&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Asri Peni Wulandari&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Dony Novaliendry&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Ritmaleni6, Linda Rosalina&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Arya Ghifari&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;, Amalia Putri Lubis&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Viol Dhea Kharisma&lt;sup&gt;10,11&lt;/sup&gt;, Vikash Jakhmola&lt;sup&gt;12&lt;/sup&gt;, Maksim Rebezov&lt;sup&gt;13,14&lt;/sup&gt;, ANM Ansori&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;10,12&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Padang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacy, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi Yayasan Pharmasi Semarang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Environmental and Policy Researcher, Environmental Science Program Universitas Negeri Padang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Electronic Department, Engineering Faculty, Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, North Sekip, Yogyakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Makeup and Beauty, Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality, Universitas Negeri Padang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;Informatics Engineering, Faculty of Computer Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;Center for Advanced Material Processing, Artificial Intelligence, and Biophysic Informatics (CAMPBIOTICS), Universitas Negeri Padang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;10&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;11&lt;/sup&gt;Generasi Biologi Indonesia Foundation, Gresik, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;12&lt;/sup&gt;Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;13&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Scientific Research, V. M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems, Moscow, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;14&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Ural State Agrarian University, Yekaterinburg, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nurfhadila Utami Husain</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Syahrir A Pasinringi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fridawaty Rivai</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Noer Bahry Noor</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Khalid Saleh</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Influence of Work Engagement on Job Satisfaction and Human Resource Performance in South Sulawesi Provincial Hospital 2022</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Performance.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Satisfaction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Work engagement</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">650-654</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;One of the most important factors for an individual to have at work is work engagement which is a concept that can reflect that an individual has passion, focus, and also strong dedication to work at the company. Work engagement is also defined as a positive and satisfying mental state related to work that is characterized by vigor, dedication, and absorption.&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; An HR can be said to be work engagement when an HR is able to make his work a priority for himself and personally for the organization besides that work engagement is personal HR who are proud to have been part of an organization so that they are able to work according to the jobdesk given (Rohana Manalu et al., 2021). This study aims to analyze the effect of Work Engagement on Job Satisfaction and HR Performance at the South Sulawesi Provincial Hospital. This type of research is quantitative research using an analytic observational design with a cross sectional study approach. The sample in this study were health workers using a stratified random sampling technique of 316 people. The samples taken in this study were 152 employees at Laburan Baji Hospital, 122 Haji Hospital and 42 people at Sayang Rakyat Hospital. Data analysis used univariate, bivariate &amp;amp; path analysis. The results showed that there was a direct effect of work engagement on job satisfaction and HR performance with a coefficient of 0.525 and 0.267 for each with a p value (0.000) &amp;lt; 0.05 (significant). In addition, there is a direct effect of job satisfaction on HR performance, namely a coefficient value of 0.620 with a p value (0.000) &amp;lt;0.05. Meanwhile, the effect of work engagement on HR performance through job satisfaction obtained a coefficient value of 0.326 with a p value (0.000) &amp;lt; 0.05. which means Work Engagement has an influence on HR Performance through Job Satisfaction.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">650</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nurfhadila Utami Husain&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Syahrir A Pasinringi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Fridawaty Rivai&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Andi Indahwaty Sidin&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Noer Bahry Noor&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Khalid Saleh&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Hospital Administration Study Program, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rahadian Zainul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rismi Verawati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gemini Alam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Khoirun Nisyak</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trisna Kumala Sari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Arya Ghifari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ritbey Ruga</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Putri Azhari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Romadhon</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Himmatul Barroroh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Riso Sari Mandeli</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Devi Purnamasari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Viol Dhea Kharisma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vikash Jakhmola</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maksim Rebezov</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ANM Ansori</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Interaction of Cynaroside from Orthosiphon Aristatus Plant Extract on TNF Alpha as a Stimulant in Malaria and Asthma</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Asthma.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cynaroside</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Malaria</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular docking</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Orthosiphon aristatus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TNF Alpha</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">581-586</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;This research aims to investigate the interaction between cynaroside, a natural compound found in &lt;em&gt;Orthosiphon aristatus&lt;/em&gt; plant extract, with TNF Alpha as a stimulant in the context of malaria and asthma. The research method involved an&lt;em&gt; in-silico &lt;/em&gt;approach using software such as Pymol, PyRx, Protein Plus, and the Lepinski Rule. The results of the study showed that cynaroside has a significant interaction with TNF Alpha, as indicated by high Binding Affinity values of -9.6, -9.3, and -9.2. Analysis using Protein Plus confirmed the interaction between cynaroside and TNF Alpha. Additionally, evaluation using the Lepinski Rule of Five revealed that cynaroside has physicochemical characteristics suitable as a potential drug compound, with a mass of 448, hydrogen bond donors of 7, hydrogen bond acceptors of 11, log p -0.401, and molar reactivity of 105.2. These findings provide a deeper understanding of the potential of cynaroside in regulating the immune response to malaria and asthma through its interaction with TNF Alpha. These results can serve as an important basis for further research in the development of more targeted and effective therapies for both of these diseases&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">581</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rahadian Zainul&lt;sup&gt;1,11,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Rismi Verawati&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Gemini Alam&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Khoirun Nisyak&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Trisna Kumala Sari&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Arya Ghifari&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Ritbey Ruga&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Putri Azhari&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Romadhon&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;, Himmatul Barroroh&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;, Riso Sari Mandeli&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;, Devi Purnamasari&lt;sup&gt;10&lt;/sup&gt;, Viol Dhea Kharisma&lt;sup&gt;12,13&lt;/sup&gt;, Vikash Jakhmola&lt;sup&gt;14&lt;/sup&gt;, Maksim Rebezov&lt;sup&gt;15,16&lt;/sup&gt;, ANM Ansori&lt;sup&gt;12,13,14&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Padang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Pharmacognosy-Phytochemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Science, Universitas Anwar Medika, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Informatics Engineering, Faculty of Computer Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Agricultural Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Andalas, Padang, West Sumatra, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Fisheries Product Technology Study Program, Universitas Diponegoro Semarang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Islam Maulana Malik Ibrahim, Malang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;Environmental and Policy Researcher, Environmental Science Program, Universitas Negeri Padang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;10&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Radiology, Universitas Awalbros, Pekanbaru, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;11&lt;/sup&gt;Center for Advanced Material Processing, Artificial Intelligence, and Biophysic Informatics (CAMPBIOTICS), Universitas Negeri Padang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;12&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;13&lt;/sup&gt;Generasi Biologi Indonesia Foundation, Gresik, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;14&lt;/sup&gt;Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;15&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Scientific Research, V. M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems, Moscow, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;16&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Ural State Agrarian University, Yekaterinburg, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hammad</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Parellangi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kelana Kusuma Dharma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Mallongi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sukri Palutturi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ainun Sajidah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Naning Kisworo Utami</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Khairir Rizani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reza Fauzan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heru Santoso Wahito Nugroho</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Rasyid</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Mediating Role of Perceived Value on the Relationship between  Quality Assurance and Student Satisfaction in Nursing Education</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nursing education</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Perceived value</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quality assurance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Student satisfaction</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1121-1125</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; This study aimed to examine the connections between quality assurance, perceived value, and nursing student satisfaction.&lt;strong&gt; Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; A survey was conducted with 200 nursing students in Indonesia. Data on quality assurance, perceived value, and satisfaction was gathered. Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to assess the measurement and structural models.&lt;strong&gt; Results&lt;/strong&gt;: PLS-SEM showed a significant positive link between quality assurance and perceived value (β=0.239, p=0.002), and between perceived value and satisfaction (β=0.510, p&amp;lt;0.001). However, no direct relationship was found between quality assurance and satisfaction (β=0.042, p=0.571) in the structural model. Perceived value exhibited a mediating role. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Enhancing quality assurance in nursing schools is essential for improving students' perceived value, subsequently leading to higher satisfaction levels. However, it's crucial to note that quality alone doesn't directly impact satisfaction. Nursing schools should prioritize both quality assurance and increasing perceived value to maximize student satisfaction.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1121</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hammad&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Parellangi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; , Kelana Kusuma Dharma&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; , Anwar Mallongi&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt; , Sukri Palutturi&lt;sup&gt;5 &lt;/sup&gt;, Ainun Sajidah&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt; , Naning Kisworo Utami&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt; , Khairir Rizani&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt; , Reza Fauzan&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt; , Heru Santoso Wahito Nugroho&lt;sup&gt;10&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Rasyid&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Master in Department of Nursing, Poltekkes Kemenkes Banjarmasin, Kalimantan Selatan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Doctor (Cand) in Department of Nursing, Poltekkes Kemenkes Banjarmasin, Kalimantan Selatan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Doctor in Department of Nursing, Health Polytechnic, Ministry of Health Pontianak, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Professor of Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Professor of Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Master in Department of Nursing, Poltekkes Kemenkes Banjarmasin, Kalimantan Selatan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Master in Department of Dental Health, Poltekkes Kemenkes Banjarmasin, Kalimantan Selatan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;Master in Department of Nursing, Poltekkes Kemenkes Banjarmasin, Kalimantan Selatan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;Doctor in Polytechnic of Banjarmasin, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;10&lt;/sup&gt;Professor in Department of Nursing, Health Polytechnic, Ministry of Health Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Hamdan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Priya Nugraha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pramitha Nayana Librata</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cindy Cecilia</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nonmotoric Symptoms Scale (NMSS) Validity and Reliability Test in Patients with Parkinson's Disease in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia: A Questioner Validation Study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nonmotoric Symptoms Scale</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Parkinson’s disease</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Validation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Validity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">316-320</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Nonmotor symptoms are common but less reported in Parkinson's disease. it’s the cause of decreased quality of life and disability in many patients with Parkinson's disease compared to the motor symptom. Our study aimed to translate the original English-language version of the nonmotor symptom scale (NMSS) into the Indonesian version of the NMSS. And also to evaluate its validity and reliability for use in Indonesian-speaking Parkinson's disease patients. This for better and valid usage of NMSS scale in the Indonesian patient and health care provider &lt;strong&gt;Material and Method: &lt;/strong&gt;This was descriptive-analytic study. Cross-cultural adaptation of NMSS and psychometric analysis of the Indonesian version of NMSS was carried out from 2 Teaching Hospital centers in Surabaya, East Java. Several other scales were also examined, including MMSE, ESS, BDI, and Scopa-Aut. A reliability test was performed using Alpha Cronbach.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; A total of 35 patients were included in this study. the average age was 64.03±12.92 with the female sex 42.9% (n=15) and the male 57.1% (n=20), and Hoehn and Yahr stage II 57.1% (n=20). The total average NMSS is 11.64. The validity of contents and constructs of the NMSS on each domain has been proven valid. Internal reliability of internal consistency in these tools with an alpha Cronbach value of 0.836. Each domain correlates with several other scores including MMSE, BDI, ESS, and Scopa-aut. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The Indonesian version of NMSS has good validity and reliability in assessing nonmotor symptoms in Parkinson's disease patients in Indonesia.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">316</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Muhammad Hamdan*, Priya Nugraha, Pramitha Nayana Librata, Cindy Cecilia&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University – Dr. Soetomo General Academic Teaching Hospital, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hebert Adrianto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heny Arwati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sri Subekti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Etik Ainun Rohmah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reviany Vibrianita Nidom</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Setyarina Indrasari</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Novel Point Mutations of the ace-1 Gene of Aedes aegypti Larva Treated with Methanolic Extract of Citrus hystrix</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ace-1 gene</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aedes aegypti</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Citrus hystrix</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Point mutation.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sequence</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">307-315</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; The mosquito species of &lt;em&gt;Ae. aegypti&lt;/em&gt; is a vector of arthropod-borne diseases such as dengue haemorrhagic fever. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzyme in &lt;em&gt;Ae. aegypti&lt;/em&gt; that encoded by the ace-1 gene. Damage in the ace-1 gene as target of insecticide lead to the loss of the normal structure and function of AChE. However, damage in the ace-1 gene remains uncharacterised. The main aim of this study was to find out the point mutations of ace-1 gene in &lt;em&gt;Ae. aegypti&lt;/em&gt; larvae treated with methanolic extract of Citrus hystrix leaves.&lt;strong&gt; Method:&lt;/strong&gt; This experiment using a completely randomized design with two treatment groups. A container containing lethal concentration 50 of methanolic extract of &lt;em&gt;C. hystrix le&lt;/em&gt;aves, and a control group containing only water with 0.5% Tween-20. Each group contained 50 third instar larvae of &lt;em&gt;Ae. aegypti&lt;/em&gt;, and each group was repeated four times. Observation was performed for 24 h for the number of survived and dead larvae. Survived and dead larvae were collected prior to the DNA extraction, PCR, electrophoresis, and sequencing. The sequences of those two groups were then compared to determine the point mutations using genetyx ver 12. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The PCR products of both groups showed clear bands of 500-600 bp long. Furthermore, the presence of the mutation was confirmed by sequencing the PCR product of ace-1 between each treatment group. The survived larva in the extract-treated group showed more point mutation compared with that of dead larvae. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; This first report indicated that many mutations in the form of deletions and insertions in nitrogenous bases and different amino acid variations of the ace-1 gene of third instar larvae of &lt;em&gt;Ae. aegypti &lt;/em&gt;after 24 h treated with methanolic extract of C. hystrix leaves than those in control group.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">307</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hebert Adrianto&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Heny Arwati&lt;sup&gt;3,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Sri Subekti&lt;sup&gt;4,5&lt;/sup&gt;, Etik Ainun Rohmah&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Reviany Vibrianita Nidom&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Setyarina Indrasari&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Doctoral Program of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60131, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;School of Medicine, Universitas Ciputra, Surabaya 60219, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60131, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Entomology, Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Fisheries and Marine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Professor Nidom Foundation, Surabaya 60115, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karyn Olascuaga-Castillo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olga Castillo-Medina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marleni Villacorta-Zavaleta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dan Altamirano- Sarmiento</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elena Caceres-Andonaire</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maria Llontop</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fatima Malca</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sebastian Noe</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cyntia Blanco-Olano</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical Screening and Antiinflammatory Activity of the Extract from the Leaves of Desmodium molliculum (Kunth) DC (Fabaceae) in Rats with Acute Inflammation</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acute inflammation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carrageenan</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Desmodium</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dog's Paw</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Edema Subplantar</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fabaceae.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">786-790</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Inflammation and pain are the initial response mechanisms to environmental aggression on the human body. The traditional use of plants such as &lt;em&gt;Desmodium Molliculum &lt;/em&gt;(Kunth) DC, among the Peruvian population for the treatment of inflammatory diseases, has occurred since ancient times. The objective of this research was to determine the presence of secondary metabolites and evaluate the antiinflammatory activity of &lt;em&gt;Desmodium molliculum&lt;/em&gt; (EDM) leaves in rats with acute inflammation induced using carrageenan. The phytochemical profile was performed for the main secondary metabolites with biological activity. Subsequently, 25 rats were divided into 5 groups and treated as follows: Group I and II: Physiological Saline Solution (PSS) by oral administration. Group III: Sodium Diclofenac (25 mg/kg body weight) by intraperitoneal administration. Group IV and V: EDM at 250 mg/kg bw and 500 mg/kg bw by oral administration, respectively; 30 minutes after administration, acute inflammation was induced in Groups II, III, IV, and V using the subplantar edema technique with 1% w/v carrageenan. The volume displaced by the hind paw was evaluated in all 5 groups using a digital plethysmometer every 60 minutes for 5 hours. The results were obtained from the displaced volume (Mean ± SD), with the most representative values obtained at 240 minutes, where EDM at 250 mg/kg (0.57 ± 0.07 ml) bw and 500 mg/kg bw (0.578 ± 0.051 ml) showed significant anti-inflammatory activity (ANOVA p&amp;lt;0.05). We concluded that &lt;em&gt;Desmodium Molliculum&lt;/em&gt; has anti-inflammatory activity at doses of 250 mg/kg bw and 500 mg/kg bw.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">786</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Karyn Olascuaga-Castillo&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Olga Castillo-Medina&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Marleni Villacorta-Zavaleta&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Deyber Lopez&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Dan Altamirano- Sarmiento&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Elena Caceres- Andonaire&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Maria Llontop&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Fatima Malca&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sebastian Noe&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Cyntia Blanco-Olano&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Pharmacology Laboratory, School of Human Medicine, Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego, Trujillo, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;School of Human Medicine, Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego, Trujillo, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brian Ngobeni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Idah Tichaidza Manduna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ntsoaki Joyce Malebo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Samson Sitheni Mashele</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytotherapy for Sexually Transmitted Infections In ThabaNchu, Free State Province, South Africa</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ethnobotany</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medicinal plants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sexual transmitted infections</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thaba ‘Nchu</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Traditional Healers.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">21-30</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Medicinal plants have been prescribed by traditional healers for the treatment of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI’s) for years. This study documents therapeutic plants used against STI’s in Thaba ‘Nchu, South Africa. Information was gathered through semi-structured interviews with traditional medical practitioners between March and December 2017. Information on medicinal plants, their local names, and their uses against STI’s was gathered. The use value (UV) of the plant species, frequency of citation (FC) and the informant consensus factor (ICF) were calculated for the plants and STIs included in the study. Plants were used to treat infections such Herpes zoster (ICF=0.4) as gonorrhoea (ICF=0.11), vaginosis (ICF=0.2), symptoms of HIV/AIDS (ICF=0.1) and pubic lice (ICF=0.1). A total of 35 plant species were identified for the treatment of STIs. Most medicinal plants in the study area came from the families Asteraceae (21%), Fabaceae (17%), Solanaceae (13%) and Hyacinthaceae (13%). &lt;em&gt;Bulbinenarcissifolia, Pentanisiaprunelloides, Hypoxishemerocallidea, Scabiosa columbaria, Xysmalobiumundulatum Rumex lanceolatus, Eucomisautumnalis, Dicomaanomalaand Salvia&lt;/em&gt; runcinatawere frequently used. The preferred method for preparation of remedies were decoctions made from the roots (72%), whole plant (17%), leaves (7%), fruits (2%) and bark (2%) which were consumed orally.This study contributes to the documentation of plants used for STIs to conserve the information for future generations. A selection from the most frequently mentioned plants for treatment of STI’s may be used for further phytopharmacological investigations and subsequently be used for the development of new antimicrobial agents for global use and for the socioeconomic development of local communities.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;quillbot-extension-portal&gt;&lt;/quillbot-extension-portal&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">21</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Brian Ngobeni&lt;sup&gt;1,4&lt;/sup&gt;, Idah Tichaidza Manduna&lt;sup&gt;2,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Ntsoaki Joyce Malebo&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Samson Sitheni Mashele&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Health Sciences, Central University of Technology, Free State, Private Bag X20539, 9300, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Centre for Applied Food Sustainability and Biotechnology, Central University of Technology, Free State, Private Bag X20539, 9300, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Life Sciences, Central University of Technology, Free State, Private Bag X20539, 9300, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of clinical Sciences, Central University of Technology, Free State, Private Bag X20539, 9300, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;quillbot-extension-portal&gt;&lt;/quillbot-extension-portal&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sally Pobas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Balqis Nazaruddin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sukri Palutturi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wahiduddin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Syamsiar S. Russeng</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Mallongi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Policy Implementation of Hypertension Prevention and Control Program in Banjarmasin</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Control</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hypertension.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Implementation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Policy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prevention</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Program</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">641-649</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;The Ministry of Health launched the Policy Implementation for the Prevention and Control of Hypertension Program with the goal of addressing the needs of national and regional public health development through minimal service standards. The goal of this study was to look at how hypertension prevention and control programs were implemented in the city of Banjarmasin. This study uses a qualitative descriptive-explorative analysis method with multiple case study approaches. Data collection was carried out by in-depth interviews, observation, documentation and literature study to all research informants. Informant selection technique used purposeful sampling. Research variables included communication, resources, bureaucratic structure and dispositions/attitudes. The research findings indicated that communication between policymakers, implementers, and program targets was effective. Despite the fact that human resources have reached the criterion for personnel, certain officers continue to have an excessive burden, and the number of health cadres was insufficient. Although facilities and infrastructure were available, several Public Health Centers were still having difficulty channeling demands and budgets. The bureaucratic structure had been implemented through SOPs and the delegation of authority, however numerous agencies still lacked complete documentation and archives. Even though the overall objectives were not attained, all parties exhibited a strong commitment and determination to continue the program. It can be concluded that the implementation of hypertension prevention and control policies in Banjarmasin had been quite successful, though there were still some challenges, such as differences in program target participation methods, the need for systematic equalization of authority tasks, and more equitable budget management in terms of resources. Furthermore, in terms of bureaucratic structure, it is vital to develop organized documentation standards in each agency.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">641</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sally Pobas&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Balqis Nazaruddin&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sukri Palutturi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Alwy Arifin&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Wahiduddin&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Syamsiar S. Russeng&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Anwar Mallongi&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Master Program in Health Policy Administration Department, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Health Policy Administration, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Occupational Health and Safety, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meilla Dwi Andrestian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meitria Syahadatina Noor</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Resa Ana Dina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ayunina Rizky Ferdina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zulfiana Dewi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Niken Widyastuti Hariati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Purnawati Hustina Rachman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Irwan Setiawan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Windy Tri Yuana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ali Khomsan</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Qualitative Study on Adolescent Marriage and The Risk of  Stunting in South Kalimantan</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adolescent marriage</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Qualitative investigation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stunting</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toddler feeding pattern</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1016-1023</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; An exploratory qualitative investigation to determine the causes of adolescent marriage, analyze the effect of early marriage on stunting, and analyze the food patterns of toddlers in adolescent marriage in South Kalimantan, Indonesia.&lt;strong&gt; Method:&lt;/strong&gt; The method used is phenomenology using the FGD system and in-depth interviews. Participants include the FGD informants from the Family Planning Regional Apparatus Organization, the Office of Women's Empowerment and Child Protection and the Office of Religious Affairs from 13 Regencies/ Cities in South Kalimantan. In-depth interview informants were adolescent marriage offenders and their parents, adolescent pregnant women, midwives, integrated health service post cadres, and community leaders each taken from three Regencies/ Cities. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;There are not many formal adolescent marriages because they have to get a recommendation from the Religious Courts. Adolescent marriages mostly occur through informal marriages. The high rate of early marriage in South Kalimantan Province is caused by culture and weak enforcement of the rules. The incidence of adolescent marriage is caused by promiscuity and information. Meanwhile, adolescent marriage is mostly due to economic motives and limited education facilities in rural areas. Adolescent marriage is not closely related to the incidence of stunting, but low education can be a factor in the inability of parents to provide good parenting, especially feeding pratice. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; Adolescent marriages appear to be triggered by economic motives and teenagers' desires, as well as driven by economic conditions, social influences, and a lack of encouragement to complete formal education. It was observed that stunting is more common among toddlers with adolescent mothers than toddlers with adult mothers. There is a poor feeding parenting pattern of toddlers with adolescent parents.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1016</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Meilla Dwi Andrestian&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Meitria Syahadatina Noor&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; , Resa Ana Dina&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; , Ayunina Rizky Ferdina&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt; , Zulfiana Dewi&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt; , Niken Widyastuti Hariati&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt; , Purnawati Hustina Rachman&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt; , Muhammad Irwan Setiawan&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt; , Windy Tri Yuana&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt; , Ali Khomsan&lt;sup&gt;10&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Nutrition, Polytechnic of Health Ministry of Health, Banjarbaru, South Kalimantan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine, University of Lambung Mangkurat, Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Human Ecology, IPB University, Bogor, West Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor, West Jawa, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Nutrition, Polytechnic of Health Ministry of Health, Banjarbaru, South Kalimantan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Nutrition, Polytechnic of Health Ministry of Health, Banjarbaru, South Kalimantan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Human Ecology, IPB University, Bogor, West Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine, University of Lambung Mangkurat, Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor, West Jawa, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;10&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Human Ecology, IPB University, Bogor, West Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Putri Ayuni Alayyannur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dani Nasirul Haqi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fatimatuz Zahroh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tazkia Azrielda Munib</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moh. Malik Alhakim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diah Pramesthi Ningrum</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Relationship Between Individual Characteristics and the Risk of Exposure to Heat Stress in Indonesian Fishermen</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Age</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Exercise Habits</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heat Stress</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Water Drinking Consumption.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">294-297</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Fishermen who go to sea during the day are classified as informal sector jobs that have heavy activities and are at risk of becoming dehydrated because the work climate is in a hot environment due to exposure to sunlight.&lt;strong&gt; Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between individual characteristics and the risk of heat stress exposure to fishermen in Surabaya Coastal Area. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; This research is a cross sectional study with a sample of 100 people using accidental sampling technique. The research was conducted in the Surabaya Coastal Area from February to June 2022. The variables of this study include age, exercise habits, water drinking consumption, and risk of heat stress. The relationship analysis test used Spearman correlation and chi square. Results: Based on cross tabulation, the age interval that experienced the most heat stress was 41-50 years of age, followed by 51-60 years of age group. Respondents who exercise more are at risk of heat stress than respondents who do not exercise. Workers who consume 1-2 liters of water per day are the group that has the highest risk of heat stress. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;: No one variable has a relationship with the risk of heat stress exposure to fishermen in Surabaya, but it is still important to increase the consumption of fisherman's water and doing exercise habits among fishermen in Surabaya.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">294</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Putri Ayuni Alayyannur&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Dani Nasirul Haqi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Fatimatuz Zahroh&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Tazkia Azrielda Munib&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Moh. Malik Alhakim&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Diah Pramesthi Ningrum&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Lecturer of Department of Occupational Safety and Health, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Campus C, Mulyorejo, 60115, Surabaya, East Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Student of Bachelor Degree, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Campus C, Mulyorejo, 60115, Surabaya, East Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Student of Bachelor Degree, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Airlangga, Campus A, Mayjen Prof. Dr. Moestopo Street No.47, 60132, Surabaya, East Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Employee of Health Office of Tapin District, Pembangunan Street No. 14, 71111, North Tapin, Tapin, South Kalimantan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nurhayati Namira</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Daud</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Mallongi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hasnawati Amqam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Atjo Wahyu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Irwandy</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Risk Analysis of Microplastic Exposure Through Consumption of Anadara Granosa at Coastal Area</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anadara Granosa.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blood clams</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Microplastic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polystyrene</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Risk analysis</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">558-562</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Plastic waste is starting to threaten marine waters, especially microplastics. This micro-sized plastic can be consumed by marine biota. The accumulation of microplastics in the bodies of marine biota can threaten humans who consume them. The purpose of this study was to analyze the risk level of microplastic (polystyrene) exposure through the consumption of blood clams in the coastal area of Pao Village, Tarowang District, Jeneponto Regency. This type of research is a descriptive analysis with the Environmental Health Risk Analysis (EHRA) approach. The samples in this study were 30 respondents and 125 blood clams (&lt;em&gt;anadara granosa&lt;/em&gt;). Data were obtained by interview using a questionnaire, identifying MPs in shells in the laboratory, and identifying polymer types using FTIR-spectroscopy. The results showed that 68 MPs of microplastics were found in blood clams (&lt;em&gt;anadara granosa&lt;/em&gt;) samples. The dominant shapes were lines and blue. The types of polymers from the FTIR results are Polystyrene (PS), Low-density polyethylene (LDPE), Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and Polyethylene (PE). The average non-carcinogenic daily intake (Intake) is 0.00012 mg/kg/day, the average risk level (RQ) is 0.0006, and the daily intake value is ≤0.2 (RfD Styrene), so it is said to be safe and the risk level value (RQ) ≤ 1, then categorized as the risk of exposure to MPs in humans through consumption of blood clams is still categorized as safe. The route of exposure to MPs in humans is not only through blood clams, so efforts to control the risk of exposure to MPs in humans are still needed.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">558</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nurhayati Namira, Anwar Daud*, Anwar Mallongi, Hasnawati Amqam, Atjo Wahyu, Irwandy&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar City, South Sulawesi Indonesia, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muh. Nur Amal Sali</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">M. Furqan Naiem</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Masyitha Muis</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Syamsiar S. Russeng</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Atjo Wahyu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Erniwati Ibrahim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Mallongi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Risk Analysis of Patient Transfer Practice Events to Safety of Nurses and Patients of the TNI AU Dodi Sardjoto Hospital</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Accident</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Patient Transfer</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Work safety</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">429-432</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Work accidents can occur due to unsafe action and unsafe condition factors. This type of research is a combination of qualitative and quantitative research (mix method) with a phenomenological approach that aims to determine the risks of patient transfer practices to the safety of nurses and patients. This research was conducted at the TNI AU Dody Sardjoto Hospital with a total sample of 51 people, the sampling technique is simple random sampling. Then in-depth interviews will be conducted on key informants, ordinary informants, and additional informants. Quantitative data analysis using chi square test and multiple linear regression. The results of the study found that the history of disease (p = 0.010), physical activity (0.026), facilities and infrastructure (0.011), SOP (p = 0.000), and the environment (p = 0.000) influenced the safety of nurses. The results also showed that compliance with SOP (Standard Operating Procedure) was the most influential variable with B of 0.675. It is also known that the results of the path test have an indirect influence between nurse safety and patient safety is E2 = 0.887 or 88.7%. It is hoped that the results of this study can be a reference to reduce the risk of patient transfer practice events to the safety of nurses and patients.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">429</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Muh. Nur Amal Sali&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, M. Furqan Naiem&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Masyitha Muis&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Syamsiar S. Russeng&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Atjo Wahyu&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Erniwati Ibrahim&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Anwar Mallongi&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Program Magister Kesehatan dan Keselamatan Kerja, Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Hasanuddin, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Departemen Kesehatan dan Keselamatan Kerja, Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Hasanuddin, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Departemen Kesehatan Lingkungan, Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Hasanuddin, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nurul Iffa Safitri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nur Nasry Noor</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wahiduddin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ridwan Amiruddin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nurhaedar Jafar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Balqis</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Mallongi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Risk Factors of Stunting in Children Aged 0-23 Months in Katumbangan Health Center, Indonesia</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Infant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Risk Factors.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stunting</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">851-855</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;The results of Indonesian nutritional status study at the regency level in 2021 showed that Polewali Mandar Regency had the highest prevalence of stunting in West Sulawesi Province at 36% with the highest percentage of stunted toddlers being reported by Katumbangan Health Center (42.6%). This study aims to determine the most dominant risk factors for stunting in children aged 0-23 months. This study was conducted in the working area of Katumbangan Health Center with a case-control study. The number of samples was 236 infants (0-23 months) with a ratio of cases and controls of 1:1. This study used secondary data sourced form e-PPGBM application, then analyzed by odd ratio test and logistic regression on Stata. The results showed that CED in pregnancy (OR=3.142 with 95% CI, 1.122-10.072), LBW history (OR=5.963 with 95% CI, 1.251-56.216) and exclusive breastfeeding (OR=2.099 with 95% CI, 0.984-4.613). The dominant risk factor for stunting in children aged 0-23 months, namely LBW history (OR=5.092 with 95% CI, 1.08-23.94). It is recommended for mothers to put more attention to the fulfillment of nutrition during in order to reduce the risk of LBW and also to assure that children nutritionl intake are adequate to their needs during the golden period of growth, especially infants with LBW.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">851</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nurul Iffa Safitri&lt;sup&gt;1,2*&lt;/sup&gt;, Nur Nasry Noor&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Wahiduddin&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Ridwan Amiruddin&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Nurhaedar Jafar&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Balqis&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Anwar Mallongi&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;FETP student, Public Health Study Program, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;West Sulawesi Provincial Health Office, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Nutrition Science Study Program, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Health Administration and Policy, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ulfa Nurullita</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neni Susilaningsih</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ari Suwondo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suhartono</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kisdjamiatun Retna Mustika Djati</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Supplementation of Caesalpinia Sappan L. Extract to Increase Superoxide Dismutase Activity and Suppress Malondialdehyde Levels in Sprague Dawley Exposed to Inhaled Formaldehyde</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caesalpinia Sappan L. Extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">inhaled formaldehyde</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sprague Dawley.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Superoxide Dismutase Activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suppress Malondialdehyde Levels</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">750-755</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction&lt;/strong&gt;: It is not yet known how &lt;em&gt;Caesalpinia sappan &lt;/em&gt;L. extract (CSE) affects the activity of SOD and MDA levels in rats exposed to inhaled formaldehyde. &lt;strong&gt;Method: &lt;/strong&gt;This true experimental study in vivo uses a randomized post-test-only control group design. The subjects were male Sprague Dawley, 2-4 months old, weight 200-300 grams, a total of 30 heads divided into 6 experimental groups. The treatment group was given CSE at doses of 0, 100, 400, and 1000 g/kg BW for 28 days, and exposed to inhaled formaldehyde for 2 weeks, and 8 hours/day. SOD and MDA were measured using the ELISA kit. Statistical analysis used Kruskall Wallis, Mann Whitney, and rank spearman tests with α= 5%. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The highest average SOD was in the CSE 1000 group and the lowest was in the negative control group. The highest average MDA levels were in the negative control group and the lowest was in the positive control group. The difference in SOD levels between groups with a p-value = 0.016, while the difference in MDA between groups has a p-value of 0.915. the p-value of the relationship between SOD levels and MDA levels is 0.02 (correlation coefficient = -0.422). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Caesalpinia sappan&lt;/em&gt; L. extract can increase the activity of superoxide dismutase enzymes but has not been able to suppress malondialdehyde levels. There was an association of increased superoxide dismutase enzyme activity with decreased malondialdehyde levels in Sprague Dawley exposed to inhaled formaldehyde&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">750</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ulfa Nurullita&lt;sup&gt;1,2,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Neni Susilaningsih&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ari Suwondo&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Suhartono&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Kisdjamiatun Retna Mustika Djati&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang, INDONESIA. 3.Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University, INDONESIA&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nismawati Natsir</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A Arsunan Arsin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hasanuddin Ishak</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ilham Alimuddin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Masni Masni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Nasrun Massi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Mallongi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Transmission of Four Serotypes of Dengue Virus in Several Asian Countries Literature Review</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Asian Countries</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dengue virus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DENV-1</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DENV-2</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DENV-3</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DENV-4</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Serotypes</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1244-1249</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;The serotype of the virus that causes infection in a person can influence the severity of the dengue disease experienced so it is necessary to monitor and understand the dengue virus serotypes circulating in an area. &lt;strong&gt;Method:&lt;/strong&gt; We searched for studies through two electronic databases (Pubmed and Scince direct). In the first stage, database search, 74 studies were obtained. The criteria for including studies were four human dengue virus serotypes published in 2013 – 2023. In the final search there were 10 studies included. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Serotypes DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3 and DENV-4 have been reported in Singapore but DENV1 and DENV-2 are the main causes of dengue cases in this country. Serotypes DENV- 1, DENV-2, DENV-3 and DENV-4 have been reported in Indonesia but the prevalence of certain serotypes can vary from year to year and between regions in the country. Serotypes DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3 have been reported in Nepal but DENV-2 is found in high altitude and cold weather areas. Serotypes DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3 and DENV-4 have been reported in Pakistan but serotype DENV-1 is the main cause of dengue cases in this country. Serotypes DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3 and DENV-4 have been reported in India, however serotype DENV-4 was found to be the main cause of dengue cases both alone and in combination with dengue causes in this country. Serotypes DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3 and DENV-4 have been reported in Thailand but serotype DENV-2 is the main cause of dengue cases in this country. Serotypes DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3 and DENV-4 have been reported in Sri Lanka but serotype DENV- 2 is the main cause of dengue cases in this country. Serotypes DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3 and DENV-4 have been reported in China but serotype DENV-2 is the main cause of dengue cases in this country. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Countries in Asia remain endemic for all four DENV serotypes, although some genotype- related evolution has been found in certain strains.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Review Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1244</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nismawati Natsir&lt;sup&gt;1 *&lt;/sup&gt;, A Arsunan Arsin&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; , Hasanuddin Ishak&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; , Ilham Alimuddin&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt; , Masni Masni&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt; , Muhammad Nasrun Massi&lt;sup&gt;6 &lt;/sup&gt;, Anwar Mallongi&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Doctoral Program and Department of Public Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Geological Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biostatistic, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Microbiology Medical faculty, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agung Saprasetya Dwi Laksana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Harianto Notopuro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arifa Mustika</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ameliorative Effects of Moringa (Moringa Oleifera Lam.) Leaves Extract on Lead-Induced Oxidative Stress, Hepcidin and δ-Alad Levels in Rat’s Blood</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blood</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hepcidin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lead poisoning</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moringa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oxidative stress.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">δ-ALAD</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">856-862</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Lead (Pb) is a toxic heavy metal that cause a lot health problem. Blood, especially hemoglobin and erythrocyte, is the main target of lead poisoning. Literatures explain that moringa has phytochemical contents to reduce heavy metal poisoning. This study aimed to examine ameliorative effects of moringa leaves extract on oxidative stress, hepcidin increasement and δ-alad level decline induced by lead poisoning in the blood of rat model. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This study was completely randomized posttest-control group design. Forty-eight males Rattus norvegicus Wistar strain rat were divided into 4 groups. The control group or G0 (given Pb orally doses of 750 mg/kgBW/day for 7 days and was not given 50% ethanol extract of moringa leaves/MLEE). Three treatment groups (G1, G2 and G3), all were given Pb at a dose of 750 mg/kgBW/day orally for 7 days, followed by administration of MLEE for 14 days at a dose of 250 mg/kgBW/day, 500 mg/kgBW/day and 1,000 mg/kg/day orally, respectively. Blood samples were taken one day after 14 days of MLEE treatment. Pb levels was examined by AAS and δ-ALAD levels, GSH levels, MDA levels and hepcidin levels examined by ELISA.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; MLEE doses 1,000 mg/kgBW/day for 14 days increased δ-ALAD levels, GSH levels, hepcidin levels and reduce MDA levels significantly compared to the control group. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Moringa leaves ameliorate lead-induced poisoning by reducing oxidative stress, declining hepcidin, and increasing δ-ALAD in the blood of male Rattus norvegicus Wistar strains rats. Moringa leaves is beneficial to address Pb poisoning in the blood through antioxidants, anti-inflammation, and improving δ-ALAD level in the blood of Wistar strain rats.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">856</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Agung Saprasetya Dwi Laksana&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Harianto Notopuro&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Arifa Mustika&lt;sup&gt;4,*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Doctoral Program of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Jl. Mayjen Prof. Dr. Moestopo 47 Surabaya 60131, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine, Jenderal Soedirman University, Jl. Dr. Gumbreg No.1, Mersi, Purwokerto 53112, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Jl. Mayjen Prof. Dr. Moestopo 47 Surabaya 60131, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Jl. Mayjen Prof. Dr. Moestopo 47 Surabaya 60131, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">KA Radzun</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MHH Rusmidi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aini</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">I Norisam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">N Iran</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">F Pardi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A Ismail</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WRWA Razak</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SRA Hafid</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-inflammatory Effects of Astaxanthin Extracted from Microalgae Hematococcus pluvialis and Combinations with Palm Tocotrienol Rich-Fraction in RAW 264.7 Macrophages</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">205-215</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Astaxanthin and tocotrienols, known as antioxidants derived from natural compounds and shown to have anti-inflammatory properties. This study aims to investigate the effects of a combination of astaxanthin extracted from&lt;em&gt; Hematococcus pluvialis&lt;/em&gt; microalga and palm tocotrienols rich-fraction (TRF) on inflammatory reaction in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated mouse RAW 264.7 macrophages cells. MTT assay was used to test cell viability and nitrite oxide (NO) was determined using Griess assay. Isobologram confirmed that the combined treatment produced synergistic effect and measurement of inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin 6 (IL-6) and interleukin 12 (IL-12) through ELISA assay. Our results showed that the combination of astaxanthin and TRF exhibited inflammatory markers such as NO production. The concentration of astaxanthin ranging from 10 to 100 μg/mL and TRF at 4-25 μg/mL had no toxicity and achieved higher cell viability. The combination treatments led to more potent inhibition of NO production compared to single treatments. Combination Index (CI) was achieved from the combination treatments at IC80, resulting in synergism at a CI value of 0.81. Furthermore, ELISA showed that the combined treatment significantly further reduced the expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-12. Our findings suggest that the combination of astaxanthin and TRF enhanced anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities in stimulated macrophages and may act synergistically to produce health effects reducing inflammation.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key Words: &lt;/strong&gt;Inflammation, Tocotrienol-Rich Fraction, Astaxanthin, Antioxidant, Combination, Macrophages&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">205</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;KA Radzun&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, MHH Rusmidi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, MAM Aini&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, I Norisam&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, N Iran&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, F Pardi&lt;sup&gt;1,3&lt;/sup&gt;, A Ismail&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, WRWA Razak&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, SRA Hafid&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;,*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Selangor, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Malaysian Palm Oil Board, No.6 Persiaran Institusi, Bandar Baru Bangi, Kajang Selangor D.E, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Institute for Biodiversity and Sustainable Development, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Selangor, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Asep Sukohar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suharyani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sutyarso</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hendri Busman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nuning Nurcahyani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evi Kurniawaty</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities of Melinjo (Gnetum gnemon L.) Seed Fractions on HeLa Cell Line an In Vitro</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-cancer</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytotoxic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HeLa.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Melinjo</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">559-564</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction&lt;/strong&gt;: Medicinal plants have been investigated for possible anti-cancer effects. One of them is&lt;em&gt; Gnetum gnemon&lt;/em&gt; L (melinjo). This study aims determined&lt;em&gt; in vitro &lt;/em&gt;antioxidant activity and the cytotoxic effects of polar, semipolar and non polar melinjo seed fractions againts HeLa cell line. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The melinjo seed were extracted with ethanol as a solvent. Then, the fractionation was done using liquidliquid extraction method with three different polarity solvent. Cytotoxic activity was carried out using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) colorimetric assay in HeLa cell lines at concentrations ranging from 25 to 400 μg/mL. Antioxidant activity was determined by the diphenyl picryl hidrazil (DPPH) radical scavenging method. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Phytochemical screening indicated the presence of phyto-constituents like flavonoids, terpenoid and tanin. The DPPH scavenging activity by the melinjo seed aqueous, ethyl acetate and N-hexane fraction was 733,12 ± 18,95 μg/mL; 68,40 ± 1,9 μg/mL and 2035,70 ± 65,59 μg/mL, respectively. The cytotoxic activity of the melinjo seed fractions showed that the ethyl acetate was the most active fraction against HeLa cell line with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value 45,27 μg/mL.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; In this study, we have observed that the melinjo seed fractions exhibited antioxidant and cytotoxic activity against HeLa cell lines. This is presumably due to the content of phytochemicals and stilbenoids such as resveratrol and gnetin C. Melinjo seeds are more potent as anticancer Compared with other plants that also contain RSV such as grape extract (&lt;em&gt;Vitis vinifera&lt;/em&gt; L.) against lung cancer cells (A549). From the three fractions, the ethyl acetate fraction had the highest antioxidant and cytotoxic effect compared to the water and n-hexane fractions. &lt;em&gt;Gnetum gnemon&lt;/em&gt; L. can be considered as a potential source of anticancer agents. However, more research is needed to determine the mechanism of action.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></accession-num><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">559</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Asep Sukohar1, Suharyani&lt;sup&gt;1,2,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Sutyarso&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Hendri Busman&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Nuning Nurcahyani&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Evi Kurniawaty&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine, University of Lampung, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Magister Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Lampung, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dwi Kusuma Wahyuni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anindya Nariswari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agus Supriyanto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hery Purnobasuki</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hunsa Punnapayak</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wichanee Bankeeree</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sehanat Prasongsuk</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wiwied Ekasari</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, and Antiplasmodial Activities of Sonchus arvensis L. Leaf Ethyl Acetate Fractions</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biological activities</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Escherichia coli.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Malaria</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plasmodium falciparum</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sonchus arvensis L.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Staphylococcus aureus</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">993-998</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Infection is one of the health problems and a disease that mainly causes death. Malaria is a parasitic infection that is transmitted through the Anopheles sp. The female then causes infection and besides malaria, other contaminants that caused infection are bacteria such as&lt;em&gt; Escherichia coli&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Staphylococcus aureus&lt;/em&gt;. This study aims to determine the antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antiplasmodial activity of &lt;em&gt;Sonchus arvensis&lt;/em&gt; L. ethyl acetate fractions. &lt;em&gt;In vitro &lt;/em&gt;antiplasmodial activity was carried out by Rieckman methods against Plasmodium falciparum strain 3D7&lt;em&gt;. In vitro&lt;/em&gt; antioxidant activity was conducted by Prieto method against (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Then antimicrobial activity was performed using well diffusion method against &lt;em&gt;Escherichia coli &lt;/em&gt;and &lt;em&gt;Staphylococcus aureus. &lt;/em&gt;Maceration of &lt;em&gt;S. arvensis&lt;/em&gt; L. dried leaves used n-hexane and ethyl acetate successively. Then the ethyl acetate extract was fractionated by vacuum column chromatography, using n-hexane and ethyl acetate as mobile phases. There are five fraction groups based on thin-layer chromatography (TLC) analysis. The IC&lt;sub&gt;50 &lt;/sub&gt;of antioxidant and antiplasmodial activity showed that fraction IV was the lowest value and categorized as active for antioxidant (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;=22.56 μg/mL), for antiplasmodial (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;=12.07 μg/mL). Fraction IV also had antimicrobial activity, with diameter of inhibition zone (DIZ) of 19.22 mm against Escherichia coli and 17.167 mm against &lt;em&gt;Staphylococcus aureus.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">993</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dwi Kusuma Wahyuni&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Anindya Nariswari&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Agus Supriyanto&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Hery Purnobasuki&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Hunsa Punnapayak&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Wichanee Bankeeree&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sehanat Prasongsuk&lt;sup&gt;1,2,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Wiwied Ekasari&lt;sup&gt;3,*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Airlangga University Surabaya, East Java, 60115, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Plant Biomass Utilization Research Unit, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Airlangga University Surabaya, East Java, 60115, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Duc Minh Nguyen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quang Canh Tran</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Minh Trung Do</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Duc Thinh Pham</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thi Hong Hanh Le</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Duy Bac Nguyen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Van Thu Nguyen</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-Ulcer Activity of Spray-dried Powders Prepared from Aerial Parts Extracts of Ampelopsis cantoniensis</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ampelopsis cantoniensis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiulcer</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spray drying</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vitaceae</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">276-281</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Ampelopsis cantoniensis &lt;/em&gt;is called “Che day” in Vietnam and has been used as a traditional treatment for inflammatory diseases. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Plant material and hydroalcoholic extract were processed and analyzed for their physicochemical characteristics. A method using HPLC was validated to quantify ampelopsin. Hydroalcoholic extract was spray dried and the powder obtained was characterized in terms of its physicochemical parameters and potential for antiulcerogenic activity. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The analytical method proved to be selective, linear, accurate, sensitive. &lt;em&gt;A. cantoniensiss&lt;/em&gt; pray dried extract (ACP) was obtained using colloidal silicon dioxide as adjuvant and was shown to possess 25.94 % ampelopsisn. It showed significant antiulcer activity in a model of an indomethacin-induced gastric lesion in rats and also produced a gastroprotective effect.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">04</style></accession-num><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">276</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Duc Minh Nguyen&lt;sup&gt;1#&lt;/sup&gt;, Quang Canh Tran&lt;sup&gt;2#&lt;/sup&gt;, Minh Trung Do&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Duc Thinh Pham&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Thi Hong Hanh Le&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Duy Bac Nguyen&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;,*,Van Thu Nguyen&lt;sup&gt;3,*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Traditional Medicine &amp;amp; Pharmacy Development and Application, National Hospital of Acupuncture, 49 Thai Thinh, Dong Da District, Hanoi, VIETNAM.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; Haiduong Medical Technical University, No 1 Vu Huu street, Thanh Binh ward, Hai Duong city, VIETNAM.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Vietnam Military Medical University, 160 Phung Hung, Ha Dong District, Hanoi, VIETNAM.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;#&lt;/sup&gt;Authors contributed equally&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Miloud Chakit</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rezklah Boussekkour</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aboubaker El Hessni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Youssef Bahbiti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Redouan Nakache</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hicham El Mustaphi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdelhalim Mesfioui</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiurolithiatic Activity of Aqueous Extract of Ziziphus lotus on Ethylene Glycol-Induced Lithiasis in Rats </style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ethylene glycol</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rats</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Urinary parameter</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Urolithiasis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ziziphus lotus</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">596-602</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;In Morocco, &lt;em&gt;Ziziphus lotus&lt;/em&gt; is commonly used as an urolithiatic agent in the traditional medicine. To confirm this effect, an aqueous extract of &lt;em&gt;Ziziphus lotus&lt;/em&gt; (AEZL) has been studied in ethylene glycolinduced urolithiasis model of rats. 30 male rats were randomly divided into five groups of six animals each. Group I served as a vehicle control and received distilled water (0.5 ml/100 g p.o.). All remaining groups received calculi inducing treatment for 28 days, comprised of 0.75% v/v ethylene glycol with 1% w/v ammonium chloride in drinking water ad libitum for 3 days followed by only 0.75% v/v ethylene glycol for 25 days. Group II served as lithiatic control and received distilled water (0.5 ml/100 g p.o.). Group III served as curative treatment group and received AEZL at doses of 150 mg/kg from 14&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; day to 28&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; day. Group VI served as preventive treatment group and received AEZL at doses of 150 mg/kg from 1st day to 28th day. Group V served as therapeutic and received a drug “Cystone” at dose of 750 mg/kg from 14&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; day to 28&lt;sup&gt;th &lt;/sup&gt;day. The extract treatment decreased the levels of oxalate and calcium in urine. Crystalluria analysis showed that untreated rats excreted large CaOx monohydrate and few dihydrate crystals while treated animals excreted mostly small CaOx dihydrate crystals. Significant similarity was observed between preventive and therapeutic anti-urolithiatic effect of AEZL and anti-urolithiatic effect of cystone (P&amp;lt;0.001). These results demonstrated that AEZL have an anti-urolithiatic effect with preventive and therapeutic treatments in this experimental condition.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">596</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Miloud Chakit*, Rezklah Boussekkour, Aboubaker El Hessni, Youssef Bahbiti, Redouan Nakache, Hicham El Mustaphi, Abdelhalim Mesfioui&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Biology and Health Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, Kenitra, Morocco.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nur Sofiatul Aini</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Viol Dhea Kharisma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Hermawan Widyananda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ahmad Affan Ali Murtadlo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rasyadan Taufiq Probojati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dora Dayu Rahma Turista</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Badrut Tamam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vikash Jakhmola</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dony Novaliendry</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Riso Sari Mandeli</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Budhi Oktavia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Thoriq Albari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Saddam Al Aziz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Raffi Ghifari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Okta Suryani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Putri Azhari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Arya Ghifari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Devi Purnamasari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agariadne Dwinggo Samala</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mirella Fonda Maahury</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ANM Ansori</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rahadian Zainul</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bioactive Compounds from Purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) and Star Anise (Illicium verum Hook) as SARS-CoV-2 Antiviral Agent via Dual Inhibitor Mechanism: In Silico Approach</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiviral agent</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Illicium verum Hook</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">in silico</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Portulaca oleracea L.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SARS-CoV-2</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">352-357</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes the COVID-19 pandemic that infects humans and attacks the body's immune system. The purpose of the study was to identify the potential of bioactive compounds in purslane (&lt;em&gt;Portulaca oleracea&lt;/em&gt; L.) and star anise (&lt;em&gt;Illicium verum&lt;/em&gt; Hook) via a dual inhibitor mechanism against SARS-CoV-2 proteases with an&lt;em&gt; in silico &lt;/em&gt;approach. The samples were obtained from PubChem and RSCB PDB. Antivirus probability prediction was performed on PASS Online. Virtual screening was performed with PyRx via molecular docking. Visualization was used by PyMol and Discovery Studio. Compounds with the best antiviral potential are indicated by the low binding affinity value to the target proteins, namely SARS-CoV-2 TMPRSS2 and PLpro. The results showed that purslane luteolin has the best antiviral potential. However, further studies are required to validate this computational prediction.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article </style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></accession-num><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">352</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nur Sofiatul Aini&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Viol Dhea Kharisma&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Hermawan Widyananda&lt;sup&gt;2,3&lt;/sup&gt;, Ahmad Affan Ali Murtadlo&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Rasyadan Taufiq Probojati&lt;sup&gt;2,4&lt;/sup&gt;, Dora Dayu Rahma Turista&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Badrut Tamam&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Vikash Jakhmola&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;, Dony Novaliendry&lt;sup&gt;8,9&lt;/sup&gt;, Riso Sari Mandeli&lt;sup&gt;8,10&lt;/sup&gt;, Budhi Oktavia&lt;sup&gt;8,11&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Thoriq Albari&lt;sup&gt;8,12&lt;/sup&gt;, Saddam Al Aziz&lt;sup&gt;8,13&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Raffi Ghifari&lt;sup&gt;8,12&lt;/sup&gt;, Okta Suryani&lt;sup&gt;8,11&lt;/sup&gt;, Putri Azhari&lt;sup&gt;8,14&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Arya Ghifari&lt;sup&gt;8,12&lt;/sup&gt;, Devi Purnamasari&lt;sup&gt;8,15,&lt;/sup&gt; Agariadne Dwinggo Samala&lt;sup&gt;8,16&lt;/sup&gt;, Mirella Fonda Maahury&lt;sup&gt;17&lt;/sup&gt;, ANM Ansori&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;, Rahadian Zainul&lt;sup&gt;8,11,*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, State University of Surabaya, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Division of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Generasi Biologi Indonesia Foundation, Gresik, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Brawijaya University, Malang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Kadiri, Kediri, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Biology Education Department, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Mulawarman University, Samarinda, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Universitas Muhammadiyah Lamongan, Lamongan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;Center for Advanced Material Processing, Artificial Intelligence, and Biophysics Informatics (CAMP-BIOTICS), Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;Study Program of Informatics, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;10&lt;/sup&gt;Environmental Science, Postgraduate Programme, Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;11&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;12&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Information Technology, Faculty of Computer Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;13&lt;/sup&gt;Department Mathematics Education, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;14&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Agricultural Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Andalas University, Padang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;15&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Radiology Engineering, Universitas Awal Bros, Pekanbaru, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;16&lt;/sup&gt;Department Informatics and Computer Engineering Education, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;17&lt;/sup&gt;Chemistry Department, Faculty Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Pattimura, Ambon, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;Professor Nidom Foundation, Surabaya, INDONESIA&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">B Halim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">RA Syahputra</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">I Adenin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HP Lubis</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">F Mendrofa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S Lie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SE Nugraha</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Determination of Phytochemical Constituent, Antioxidant Activity, Total Phenol and Total Flavonoid of Extract Ethanol Phyllanthus emblica Fruit</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">63-67</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Phyllanthus emblica &lt;/em&gt;(PE) is a plant that grows widely in Indonesia, particularly on Sumatra island. In India, it is known as Indian gooseberry and is frequently used in ayurvedic medicine. PE fruit is well-known for its high antioxidant activity and a variety of pharmacological properties. The purpose of this study was to ascertain the phytochemical composition, antioxidant activity, total phenol, and total flavonoid concentrations. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The fruits were harvested in the Indonesian town of Padang Sidimpuan. Up to 700 g of dry PE fruit powder was dissolved in 96 percent ethanol and macerated for seven days, with periodic steering daily. The solution was then filtered using Whatman paper no 1, and the filtered result was evaporated under reduced pressure using a rotary evaporator until a crude extract/ethanol extract of PE (EEPE) was obtained, and the phytochemical constituents, antioxidant activity, total phenol, and flavonoid were analysed. &lt;strong&gt;Results&lt;/strong&gt;: The result shows that EEPE contains some flavonoids such as quercetine, betaine, Trigonelline, Myricitrin, Myricetin, Leucine, and Kaempferol. EEPE as an antioxidant of 7.626 ± 0.41 μg/dL. It shows that the antioxidant activity of the ethanol extract of &lt;em&gt;Phyllanthus emblica&lt;/em&gt; is strong ethanol extract of &lt;em&gt;Phyllanthus emblica &lt;/em&gt;contains Total Flavonoid was 5.816 ± 2.81(mg QE/g extract) and total phenol was 274.590 ± 13.61(mg GAE/g extract). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions&lt;/strong&gt;: In summary, extract ethanol of Pyllanthus emblica contains flavonoid and have antioxidant activity and high total phenol and flavonoid levels.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words&lt;/strong&gt;: Antioxidant, Total flavonoid, Total phenol, Phyllanthus emblica..&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">63</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;B Halim&lt;sup&gt;1,3&lt;/sup&gt;, RA Syahputra&lt;sup&gt;2,*&lt;/sup&gt;, I Adenin&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, HP Lubis&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, F Mendrofa&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, S Lie&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, SE Nugraha&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Prima Indonesia, Sumatera Utara, Medan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Sumatera Utara, Medan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Klinik Riyena Orthomedik, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Akademi Keperawatan Colombia Asia, Sumatera Utara, Medan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Sumatera Utara, Medan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Emranul Kabir</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">M. R. O. Khan Noyon</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Md. Amjad Hossain</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pranta Acharjee</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DFT and Pharmacokinetic Study of Some Heterocyclic Aspirin Derivatives as The Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors: An In-Silico Approach</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ADMET.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aspirin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DFT</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heterocyclic compound</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular docking</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1005-1021</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Ibuprofen and aspirin are frequently used to relieve inflammation, pain, and fever. These are the two most significant non-steroidal and anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). They prevent the development of prostaglandin by blockampounds have been assessed by ibuprofen as well as quantum mechanical computations. Density functional theory (DFT) with the B3LYP/6-31G+ basis function has been used to elucidate the thermo-chemical, molecular orbital, and optimum geometrical aspects in the gas phase. Using molecular docking and non-bonding interactions, the binding affinities and behaviors of some heterocyclic aspirin analogs have been studied on human cyclooxygenase (COX-1 as well as COX-2) proteins (6Y3C and 5F19). The chemical stability of all structures is supported by geometry and thermo-chemical findings. In contrast to aspirin and ibuprofen, almost all tested analogs exhibited a substantial binding score to the receptor protein (5F19). The ADMET prediction revealed the enhanced pharmacokinetic properties of some derivatives with less acute oral toxicity. Overall, eight heterocyclic aspirin analogues 2-9 were shown to be more effective in inhibiting Cyclooxygenase-2 (5F19) than Cyclooxygenase-1 (6Y3C), indicating that they may be effective as COX-2-related inflammation therapeutic candidates.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;quillbot-extension-portal&gt;&lt;/quillbot-extension-portal&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1005</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Emranul Kabir&lt;sup&gt;1, 2,*&lt;/sup&gt;, M. R. O. Khan Noyon&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Md. Amjad Hossain&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Pranta Acharjee&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, 4331, BANGLADESH.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, 4318, BANGLADESH.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;quillbot-extension-portal&gt;&lt;/quillbot-extension-portal&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Etty Hary Kusumastuti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Priangga Adi Wiratama</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grace Ariani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stephanie Natasha Djuanda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alphania Rahniayu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nila Kurniasari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dyah Fauziah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anny Setijo Rahaju</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Isnin Anang Marhana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alfian Nur Rosyid</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dwi Wahyu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gilang Muhammad Setyo Nugroho</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adhitri Anggoro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">I Komang Rusgi Yandi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bambang Pujo Semedi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jilientasia Godrace Lilihata</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ummi Maimunah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Supriadi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Achmad Lefi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lalu Galih Pratama Rinjani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Edi Suyanto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ricardo Ardian Nugraha</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Differences in interleukin-6 and interleukin-17 expression in covid-19 post-mortem lung tissue biopsy compared with noncovid- 19</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biopsy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COVID-19</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IL-17</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IL-6</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Post mortem lung tissue.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">887-892</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; COVID-19 has spread rapidly around the world. It is necessary to study lung tissue of postmortem COVID19 patients to determine the molecular alteration particularly the role of IL-6 and IL-17 in causing fatality. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; This study aims to determine the differences in the expressions of IL-6 and IL-17 in lung tissue of post-mortem COVID-19 patients compared to non-COVID-19 patients. This study also aimed to analyze the correlation between the expressions of IL-6 and IL-17 in lung tissue of post-mortem COVID-19 patients. Methods: This research is an observational analytic study with crosssectional approach. The samples were 15 paraffin blocks of post-mortem lung tissue biopsy of COVID-19 patients, and 15 paraffin blocks of inflammatory lung tissue biopsy or surgery of non-COVID-19 patients. IL-6 and IL-17 expressions were evaluated by immunohistochemical procedure. &lt;strong&gt;Result: &lt;/strong&gt;There was a significant difference in the expression of IL-6 in the COVID-19 group and the non-COVID-19 group with a p-value = 0.001 (p &amp;lt; 0.05). There was a significant difference in the expression of IL-17 in the COVID-19 group and the non-COVID-19 group with p-value = 0.001 (p &amp;lt; 0.05). There was a significant correlation between the expressions of IL-6 and IL-17 in the COVID-19 group, with the Spearman coefficient value (rs) of 0.548 with p = 0.034 (p &amp;lt; 0.05).&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; There are differences in the expression of IL-6 and IL-17 between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 lung tissue. There is a significant correlation between the expressions of IL-6 and IL-17 in post-mortem lung tissue of COVID-19 patients.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">887</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Etty Hary Kusumastuti&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Priangga Adi Wiratama&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Grace Ariani&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Stephanie Natasha Djuanda&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Alphania Rahniayu&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Nila Kurniasari&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Dyah Fauziah1, Anny Setijo Rahaju&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Isnin Anang Marhana&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Alfian Nur Rosyid&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Dwi Wahyu&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Gilang Muhammad Setyo Nugroho&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Adhitri Anggoro&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, I Komang Rusgi Yandi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; Bambang Pujo Semedi&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Jilientasia Godrace Lilihata&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Ummi Maimunah&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Supriadi&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Achmad Lefi&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Lalu Galih Pratama Rinjani&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Edi Suyanto&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Ricardo Ardian Nugraha&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga – Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga – Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga University – Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga – Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga – Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Forensics and Medicolegal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga – Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hartono</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">B Suryawati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Y Sari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A Avicena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maryani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">C Sukmagautama</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">H Apriningsih</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">L Shofiyah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">RGH Novika</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NJ Wahidah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NY Rahmawati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ANM Ansori</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">L Sumarno</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Effect of Curcumin and Virgin Coconut Oil Towards Cytokines Levels in COVID-19 Patients at Universitas Sebelas Maret Hospital, Surakarta, Indonesia</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">216-225</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; To date, no specific therapeutic drug has been approved to target SARS-CoV-2. Hence, it remains a major challenge to decide what potential therapeutic regimens to treat COVID-19 patients. This study aims to investigate curcumin and virgin coconut oil (VCO) effects on cytokine levels (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-18, TNF-α, and IFN-β) in COVID-19 patients. &lt;strong&gt;Methods&lt;/strong&gt;: This study was a single-center, controlled trial with a parallel Arm or a Randomized Clinical trial design. A total of sixty COVID-19 patients admitted to the Universitas Sebelas Maret Hospital, Surakarta, Indonesia, were divided into two groups. The first group, consisting of 30 patients, was treated with Azithromycin 500 mg + Oseltamivir 2×75 mg + Hydroxychloroquine 400 mg/day for 5 days. The second group, comprising 30 patients, was treated with Azithromycin 500 mg + Oseltamivir 2×75 mg + Hydroxychloroquine 400 mg/day for 5 days, added with VCO 30 mL and curcumin 3×1 g/day for 21 days. The cytokine profiles of the serum samples were analyzed by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) on days 1, 14, and 21. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Our study showed that the second group had a significant reduction in IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-β levels after being treated with standard therapy added with curcumin and VCO on day 21 (p&amp;lt;0.05).&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; These results suggested that curcumin and VCO might benefit the treatment of COVID-19 patients.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;/strong&gt; COVID-19, Curcumin, Cytokines, Virgin coconut oil.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">216</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hartono&lt;sup&gt;1,2*&lt;/sup&gt;, B Suryawati&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Y Sari&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, A Avicena&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Maryani&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, C Sukmagautama&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, H Apriningsih&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, L Shofiyah&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, RGH Novika&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, NJ Wahidah&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, NY Rahmawati&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, ANM Ansori&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;, L Sumarno&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Universitas Sebelas Maret (UNS) Teaching Hospital, Surakarta, Indonesia&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Midwifery Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Doctoral Program of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Doctoral Program of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;National Research and Innovation Agency, Jakarta, Indonesia&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sari Yunita Sukmawati Noer</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mahrus A Rahman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Budi Utomo</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effect of Pomegranate Extract On N-Terminal Pro Brain Natriuretic Peptide and Asymmetric Dimetylarginine Levels in Children with Pulmonary Artery Hypertension in Acyanotic Congenital Heart Disease</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Asymmetric dimetylarginine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Congenital heart disease</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pulmonary artery hypertension</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Punica Granatum.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">898-904</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is one of the complications due to acyanotic congenital heart disease. New treatment approach using natural ingredients from plants has been demonstrated &lt;em&gt;in vitro &lt;/em&gt;to prevent and improve vascular remodeling in PAH. Objective: This study aimed to analyze the effect of pomegranate extract on N-terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide (NT pro BNP) and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) levels in children with PAH in acyanotic CHD. &lt;strong&gt;Method: &lt;/strong&gt;This study is a double-blind, quasi-experimental text with pre-test, post-test, and control group approach to children aged one month to 10 years old in Outpatient Department of Pediatric Cardiology Department/Pediatrics Department RSUD Dr. Soetomo in the period of February-October 2022, alongside met the inclusion criteria. Data were analyzed using Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney test with 95% CI. &lt;strong&gt;Result: &lt;/strong&gt;The study cohort included 15 subjects in the placebo group and 15 subjects in pomegranate extract group. The study was predominantly female (53,3%) with a mean age of each group, i.e., placebo group was 49 months, and pomegranate extract group was 58 months. The mean level of NT pro-BNP in the pomegranate extract group was 29.31 ± 33.55 ng/L (p= 0.008) and its mean ADMA level was 5619 ± 6166 ng/L (p= 0.173). As for the difference of NT pro-BNP and ADMA level changes after the intervention did not show a significant difference (p-0,330; p=0,885, respectively).&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;No significant effect towards NT pro- BNP and ADMA levels found with giving pomegranate extract to children with PAH due to acyanotic CHD.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">898</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sari Yunita Sukmawati Noer&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Mahrus A Rahman&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Budi Utomo&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Pediatrics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Public Health, Airlangga University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Varidianto Yudo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Widjiati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Harianto Notopuro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yulianto Listiawan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Budi Utomo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Purwo Sri Rejeki</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prawesty Diah Utami</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aryati</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effects of Golden Sea Cucumber Extract (Stichopus hermanni) on Hyphae, Neutrophils and TNF-α in BALB/c Mice Inoculated with C. albicans Intravaginally</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Candida vaginitis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hyphae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neutrophils</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stichopus hermanni extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TNF-α</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">278-285</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Candidal vaginitis&lt;/em&gt; is an inflammatory disease that caused mainly by &lt;em&gt;Candida albicans&lt;/em&gt;. Yeast transitions to filamentous hyphae considered the most important virulence factor. Neutrophils are the first line of defense of the immune system, but in patients with&lt;em&gt; Candidal vaginitis&lt;/em&gt; the recruitment of neutrophils into the vaginal lumen is positively correlated with symptoms of the disease. This is supported by the release of proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α. Standard treatment is considered less effective in relieving symptoms, so other alternative/adjunctive treatments are needed. Golden sea cucumber (Stichopus hermanni) extract has been widely studied, especially for anti-fungal and anti-inflammatory. This study aims to analyze the mechanism of decreasing number of hyphae and neutrophils, and proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α in BALB/c mice inoculated intravaginally with &lt;em&gt;C. albicans &lt;/em&gt;after administration of golden sea cucumber extract (&lt;em&gt;S. hermanni&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;strong&gt; Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Experimental research uses a post-test only control group design. The experimental unit consisted of 36 BALB/c mice that were inoculated intravaginally with &lt;em&gt;C. albicans &lt;/em&gt;and divided into 4 groups, group that did not receive treatment (K-), group that received standard treatment fluconazole (K+), group that received treatment with golden sea cucumber extract (&lt;em&gt;S. hermanni&lt;/em&gt;) (P1) and group that received standard treatment with fluconazole plus extract of golden sea cucumber (&lt;em&gt;S. hermanni&lt;/em&gt;) (P2). The hyphae and neutrophils number were seen microscopically on vaginal mucosal tissue. Cytokine levels of TNF-α were seen from the ELISA blood samples. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Results showed from the vaginal mucosal tissue of mice, there was significant difference in the number of hyphae (p = 0.001) between groups and no significant difference in the number of neutrophils (p = 0.070) between groups. From the blood serum of mice, there were significant differences in TNF-α levels (p=0.001) between groups. From the path analysis obtained a significant relationship from the number of hyphae to the number of neutrophils (p = 0.034) and the number of neutrophils to TNF-α levels (p = 0.021). The strength of the pathway from number of hyphae to number of neutrophils (β= 0.354) and number of neutrophils to TNF-α levels (β= 0.382) with positive interactions all. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; In summary, the administration of &lt;em&gt;S. hermanni&lt;/em&gt; extract was able to reduce the number of hyphae, neutrophils and TNF-α levels through the hyphae, neutrophil and TNF-α pathway.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article </style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">05</style></accession-num><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">278</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Varidianto Yudo&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Widjiati&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Harianto Notopuro&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Yulianto Listiawan&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Budi Utomo&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Purwo Sri Rejeki&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Prawesty Diah Utami&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Aryati&lt;sup&gt;2,*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Medical Faculty, Hang Tuah University, Surabaya, Indonesia - Affiliated Doctoral Program of Medical Science, Medical Faculty, Airlangga University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Doctoral Program, Medical Faculty, Airlangga University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Medical Faculty, Hang Tuah University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dody Taruna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bambang Purwanto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Harianto Notopuro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Widjiati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Budi Utomo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lilik Herawati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reny I'tishom</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aryati</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effects of High Intensity Swimming on Heat Shock Protein 70, Superoxide Dismutase and Malondialdehyde of Rattus norvegicus Male Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HSP-70</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MDA.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SOD</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Strenuous physical activity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">524-530</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aims to analyze relationship between physical activity with high intensity swimming by proving the difference in the mean levels of HSP-70, SOD levels and MDA levels in male white rats (&lt;em&gt;Rattus norvegicus&lt;/em&gt;) who perform vigorous-intensity physical activity compared to male white rat (&lt;em&gt;Rattus norvegicus&lt;/em&gt;) who do not engage in strenuous physical activity.&lt;strong&gt; Method&lt;/strong&gt;: This research is a laboratory experimental research. This research is a True Experimental Research type that uses a Post Test Only Control Group Design research design. The experimental unit consisted of 28 white rats (&lt;em&gt;Rattus norvegicus&lt;/em&gt;). The study was started by dividing the rats into 2 groups. Group 0 who did not receive heavy physical activity treatment and group 1 who received heavy intensity physical activity treatment 3 times a week for 4 weeks. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The results of the Shapiro-Wilk test showed that the HSP-70 data were normally distributed (p&amp;lt;0.05). SOD and MDA data for all groups were normally distributed (p&amp;gt;0.05). The results of the Kruskal Wallis test showed that there was a significant difference in HSP-70 between groups (p &amp;gt; 0.05), the results of the Mann Whitney test showed that the HSP-70 of the K0 group was significantly different from the K1 group. The results of the analysis of variance with Brown-Forsythe showed that there was a significant difference in SOD between groups (p &amp;lt; 0.05). The results of the Games Howell test showed that the SOD of group K0 was significantly different from that of group K1. The results of the analysis of variance showed that there was a significant difference in MDA between groups (p &amp;lt; 0.05). The results of the LSD test showed that the MDA of the K0 group was significantly different from the K1 group. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;: There is a difference in the mean levels of HSP-70 in white male rat (&lt;em&gt;Rattus norvegicus&lt;/em&gt;) whoperform strenuous physical activity, lower than male white rat (&lt;em&gt;Rattus norvegicus&lt;/em&gt;) who do not engage in strenuous physical activity. There is a difference in the mean SOD levels in male white rat (&lt;em&gt;Rattus norvegicus&lt;/em&gt;) which perform strenuous physical activity, lower than male white rat (&lt;em&gt;Rattus norvegicus&lt;/em&gt;) who do not do strenuous physical activity. There is a difference in the mean MDA levels in male white rat (&lt;em&gt;Rattus norvegicus&lt;/em&gt;) after doing strenuous physical activity, higher than male white rat (&lt;em&gt;Rattus norvegicus&lt;/em&gt;) who do not engage in strenuous physical activity.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">06</style></accession-num><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">524</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dody Taruna&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Bambang Purwanto&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Harianto Notopuro&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Widjiati&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Budi Utomo&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Lilik Herawati&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Reny I'tishom&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Aryati&lt;sup&gt;2,* &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Affiliated Doctoral Program of Medical Science, Medical Faculty, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia. Medical Faculty, Hang Tuah University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Doctoral Program, Medical Faculty, Airlangga University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prasetyo Sarwono Putro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dono Indarto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bambang Purwanto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Widyastuti Soewondo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sulistyani Kusumaningrum</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Khim Yatul Nguzum</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Effects of Leaves Extract of Toddalia aculeata on Body Weight, Body Mass Index, Body Fat Content and Resistive Index in Male Rats with High-Fat Diet</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Body Fat Content</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Body Mass Index</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Obesity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Resistive Index</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toddalia Aculeata Extract.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">771-777</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dictamine&lt;/em&gt; is found in the Toddalia aculeata plant and is able to interact with &lt;em&gt;Flavin- Containing Monooxygenase-3 &lt;/em&gt;(FMO3) in silico, which mediates endogenous atherosclerosis formation. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of&lt;em&gt; T. aculeata&lt;/em&gt; extract (TAE) administration on Body Weight (BW), Body Mass Index (BMI), Body Fat Content (BFC), and Resistive Index (RI) in rats with a high-fat diet. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the negative control (NC), positive control (PC) + 2.98 μg/kg BW &lt;em&gt;dictamine&lt;/em&gt; and treatment (TAE1-3) + 200, 400, and 800 mg/ kg BW TAE respectively. All rats were given a high-fat diet (HFD) for 28 days. The data were analyzed statistically using one-way ANOVA, repeated-measured ANOVA, and Friedman’s tests with p&amp;lt;0.05. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The average of rats’ BW in TAE2 (270±13.78 g) and TAE3 (276.62±40.31 g) was lower than that of the NC (304.12± 4.16 g) but only the TAE2 group was significantly different (p=0.032). Rats in the TAE 1-3 groups had the average BMI (26.03±5.61; 21.84±0.81; 20.78±2.17 g/cm&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;) significantly lower than the NC (29.61±2.28 g/cm&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;) and the PC (28.67±1.68 g/cm&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;) for TAE2 and 3. The same pattern was also observed in BFC. All treatment groups had significantly lower RI compared to the NC group (0.62±0.07 cm).&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;: Administration of 400 and 800 mg/kg BW TAE for 28 days decreases BW, BMI, BFC, and RI in rats with a high-fat diet. &lt;em&gt;Dictamine&lt;/em&gt; in the ethanol extract of &lt;em&gt;T. aculeata&lt;/em&gt; leaves might contribute to the reduction of RI in rats with a high-fat diet.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">771</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Prasetyo Sarwono Putro&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Dono Indarto&lt;sup&gt;1,3,4,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Bambang Purwanto&lt;sup&gt;1,5&lt;/sup&gt;, Widyastuti Soewondo&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sulistyani Kusumaningrum&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Khim Yatul Nguzum&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Doctorate Program of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Radiology, Dr. Moewardi General Hospital/Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Biomedical Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rungtiwa Kanthain</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jirakrit Leelarungrayub</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Surinporn Likhitsathian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Surapol Natakankitkul</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Efficacy of Combined Relaxed Deep-Breathing with Chest Mobilization Exercise and Vernonia cinerea-Hard Candy on Smoking Cessation and Oxidative Stress in Active Teenage Smokers</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7-day point prevalence abstinence rate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chest mobilization exercise</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continuous abstinence rate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oxidative stress</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Relaxation deep-breathing</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smoking cessation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vernonia cinerea-hard candy.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">720-727</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Smoking cessation is very important worldwide. Chronic smoking can induce oxidative stress and inflammatory status and induce dangerous diseases such as hypertension and lung cancer. Standardized counseling is an important process in a routine program for smoking cessation. Withdrawal symptoms from smoking cessation are a significant barrier to a successful result, and they can be relieved by relaxed deep-breathing exercise. At present, the Thai herb, &lt;em&gt;Vernonia cinerea &lt;/em&gt;(VC), has been claimed to reduce cigarette smoking because of its antioxidant compounds and nicotine that are modified and used as lozenges, gum, and hard candy. However, its efficacy in smoking cessation has not been confirmed. Furthermore, the efficacy of relaxed deep-breathing (rDB) during the chest mobilization exercise (CME) with VC hard candy on smoking cessation and oxidative stress is unclear. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the combined effects of rDB/CME and VC-hard candy on smoking cessation and oxidative stress status in active teenage smokers. &lt;strong&gt;Methods&lt;/strong&gt;: Hard candy with honey and VC powder from whole mixed parts of the stem, flowers and leaves was developed industrially under the spray dry technique. Thirty active smokers were randomized into three groups; product group (rDB/CME+ product) (aged 25.0 ± 3.0 years, n = 10), placebo group (rDB/CME + placebo) (aged 26.9 ± 3.7 years, n = 10), and a control group with no product or placebo administered (aged 25.6 ± 2.7 years, n=10). All of the groups received consultation on specific smoking cessation and two weeks of strict observation, which was followed up for 8 weeks. The 7-day point prevalence abstinence rates (7-day PAR) and continuous abstinence rate (CAR) were reported at week 2, 4, 6 and 8. In addition, the oxidative stress status with lipid peroxide and glutathione (GSH) in blood was evaluated before the program and after 2 weeks. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The results of 7-day PARs in the control group showed no statistical changes at week 2 (0%), 4 (10%), 6 (20%) and 8 (20%), which was the same in the rDB/CME + placebo group (10%, 20%, 30% and 40%, respectively). Whereas, a significant difference was presented in the rDB/CME+ product group (20%, 60%, 80% and 90% respectively). When comparing between the groups, 7-day PARs at week 2 was not statistically different, but it was in the follow-up period at week 4, 6 and 8. There was no statistical difference at week 4 between the three groups, but there was between the rDB/CME+ product, control and rDB/CME+ placebo groups at week 6 and 8. The results of CAR showed no statistical difference between the control and rDB/CWE+ placebo group in any of the periods. Whereas the rDB/CWE+ product group showed a significant difference after week 4. The CAR was statistically different between the groups after week 6 and 8. At week 6, the CAR of the rDB/CWE+ product group was different to the control group. There was no difference between the control and rDB/CWE+ placebo groups, or between the rDB/CWE+ product and placebo groups. At week 8, the CAR of the rDB/CWE+ product group was different from that of the control, but not from the rDB/CWE+ placebo group. Finally, the GSH level increased significantly in the rDB/CWE + product group when compared to the rDB/CWE+placebo group. Moreover, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels decreased significantly in both the placebo and product groups. In addition, MDA levels showed a significant difference between baseline and after 2 weeks in the rDB/CWE + placebo and product groups&lt;strong&gt;. Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Integrating relaxed-deep breathing with chest mobilization exercise and VC hard candy for 2 weeks can help smoking cessation during consultation, and possibly reduce oxidative stress status among active teenage smokers.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">720</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rungtiwa Kanthain&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Jirakrit Leelarungrayub&lt;sup&gt;2,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Surinporn Likhitsathian&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Surapol Natakankitkul&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thi-Lien Nguyen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Huong Ha Thi Thanh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kiet Ngo Tuan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Doan Cao Son</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thao Le Quang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hang Nguyen Thi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tien Vuong Duy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quyen Doan Thi Tam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Huan Le Quang</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evaluation of Antiviral Effects and Toxicity of Herbal Medicine Vipdervir Capsules</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiviral</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COVID-19</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">H5N1</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Herbal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SARS-CoV-2.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">681-689</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Antiviral vaccine is not effective, synthetic antiviral drugs are highly toxic, leading to increased interest in herbal medicines as promising antiviral drugs. Recently, Vipdervir has been developed from medicinal herbs with the aim to support and treat diseases caused by viruses such as H5N1 and SARSCoV- 2. In the present study, we assessed Vipdervir's antiviral activity against H5N1 and SARS-CoV-2. In addition, we also evaluated the acute toxicity and repeated dose toxicity of Vipdervir in mice and rabbits, respectively. &lt;strong&gt;Methods&lt;/strong&gt;: H5N1 inhibitory effect of Vipdervir was assessed using hemagglutination inhibition assay. Vipdervir's SARS-CoV-2 inhibitory effect was evaluated by Plaque Reduction Neutralization assay. Acute and repeated dose oral toxicities of Vipdervir were determined according to OECD 423 and OECD 407 guidelines, respectively. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Data show that Vipdervir is effective against both H5N1 and SARSCoV- 2. At concentrations of 3 mg/mL and 5 mg/mL Vipdervir completely inhibits H5N1. At a concentration of 50 μg/mL Vipdervir showed an inhibitory effect on SARS-CoV-2. Acute toxicity data revealed that the LD50 of Vipdervir is greater than 35200 mg/kg, b.wt. in mice. Repeated toxicity data indicated that Vipdervir did not induce significant differences in body weight gain, hematology and clinical biochemistry in compared to the control group. The No Observed Adverse Effect Level of Vipdervir is greater than 613.8 mg/kg b.wt./day in rabbits. No delayed toxicity effects of Vipdervir were observed. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;: Vipdervir capsules were found to be antiviral effective and relatively safe in the tested doses and experimental conditions.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">27</style></accession-num><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">681</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Thi-Lien Nguyen&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Huong Ha Thi Thanh&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Kiet Ngo Tuan&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Doan Cao Son&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Thao Le Quang&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Hang Nguyen Thi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Tien Vuong Duy&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Quyen Doan Thi Tam&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Huan Le Quang&lt;sup&gt;5,*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;National Institute of Drug Quality Control, 48-Hai Ba Trung st., Hoan Kiem dist., Ha Noi city, VIETNAM.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18-Hoang Quoc Viet st., Cau Giay dist., Ha Noi city, VIETNAM.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;University of Science and Technology of Hanoi, 18-Hoang Quoc Viet st., Cau Giay dist., Ha Noi city, VIETNAM.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;High School for Gifted Students, Hanoi University of Science, 182- Luong The Vinh St., Thanh Xuan dist., Ha Noi city, VIETNAM.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18-Hoang Quoc Viet st., Cau Giay dist., Ha Noi city, VIETNAM.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A EZAOUINE</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">M R SALAM</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Y SBAOUI</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">B NOUADI</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S ZOUHIR</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">M ELMESSAL</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">F CHEGDANI</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">F BENNIS</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Extraction, Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Phenolic Compounds from Moroccan Satureja nepeta L.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">182-192</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Satureja&lt;/em&gt; nepeta is an aromatic medicinal plant, widely used by the Moroccan population. The objective of this study is to evaluate the influence of extraction methods on total phenolic compounds (TPC) and total flavonoid compounds (TFC). The phytochemical characteristics are subsequently analyzed to determine the components constitution as well as the evaluation of antioxidant activity. The extraction optimization and the extraction of total polyphenols was carried out using three methods (decoction, infusion and hydroethanolic). The antioxidant capacity was evaluated using the DPPH free radical trapping method, reducing power assay and the ABTS radical reduction test. Polyphenols were identified by the HPLCUV method. The optimal hydro-ethanol extraction conditions defined from the experimental design are: ethanol/water, 60/40 (v/v), 15 hours, 42.5 °C TPC and TFC of the infused extract were the highest. The evaluation of the antioxidant capacity showed that the infused extract had a good antioxidant efficacy. HPLC-UV and GC-MS has been used to identify some phenolic compounds in various extracts. In conclusion, optimizing the extraction of S. nepeta seems to be an efficient and quick method to establish the best extraction conditions. Also, &lt;em&gt;Satureja.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;/strong&gt; Moroccan Satureja nepeta, Antioxidant activity, Total polyphenol, Total flavonoids, Total tannins.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">182</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A EZAOUINE *, M R SALAM,Y SBAOUI, B NOUADI, S ZOUHIR, M ELMESSAL, F CHEGDANI, F BENNIS&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Laboratory of Immunology and Biodiversity, Faculty of Sciences Aïn Chock, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Morocco&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wisnu Cahyo Prabowo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Risna Agustina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yuspian Nur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ramila Hidayati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dewi Rahmawati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">M. Arifuddin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neneng Siti Silfi Ambarwati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reza Yuridian Purwoko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdul Mun’im</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Islamudin Ahmad</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Green and Optimum Extraction of Total Polyphenols Content from Mitragyna speciosa Korth. Havil Leaves using Microwave- Assisted Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent Extraction</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">29-38</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;The current study mainly aims to apply and optimize the microwave-assisted natural deep eutectic solvent extraction (MANDESE) method of total polyphenol content from &lt;em&gt;Mitragyna speciosa&lt;/em&gt; (Korth.) Havil leaves using response surface methodology (RSM) and its extraction mechanism using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging. The extraction process was performed using the maceration and MANDESE method. Total polyphenols content was examined using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and spectrophotometer UV-Vis. The extraction mechanism was performed using SEM imaging. The extraction condition as experimental design variable factors for optimization using RSM included NADES composition ratio, the liquid-solid ratio, extraction time, and microwave power. The results show that the MANDESE with some different combinations of NADES composition is more effective than a maceration. SEM imaging result shows that the levels of damage of cells and cell walls were more severe after extraction. The optimum extraction condition has obtained the NADES composition ratio of 3 g/g (choline chloride/sorbitol) and the liquid-solid ratio of 20 mL/g for 20 min extraction time with 60% Watts microwave power. The scale-up confirmation test was obtained the total polyphenols content of 526.12 μg GAE/g sample. This finding demonstrated the optimum condition of the MANDESE method and performed efficiently, rapidly, safely, and environmentally friendly.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;/strong&gt; Microwave-assisted natural deep eutectic solvent extraction, Mitragyna speciosa (Kort.) Havil, Response surface methodology, Total polyphenols content.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">29</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Wisnu Cahyo Prabowo&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Risna Agustina&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Yuspian Nur&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Ramila Hidayati&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Dewi Rahmawati&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, M. Arifuddin&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Neneng Siti Silfi Ambarwati&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Reza Yuridian Purwoko&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Abdul Mun’im&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Islamudin Ahmad&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;,*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Research and Development of FARMAKA TROPIS, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, 75119 East Kalimantan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, 75119 East Kalimantan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Cosmetology, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, East Jakarta, 13220 Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Military Medicine, Universitas Pertahanan RI, Bogor, 16810 West Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, 16424 West Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EV Ferubko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TD Rendyuk</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TD Dargaeva</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SM Nikolaev</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Herbal Medicines Intended for Correction of Digestive System Diseases</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">128-132</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Purpose:&lt;/strong&gt; Studying the assortment of herbal medicines (HMs) available in the Russian Federation, and generalizing the use experience of them in gastroenterological practice. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Information and analytical.&lt;strong&gt; Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The analysis of the State Register of Medicines Permitted for Use in Medical Practice, as well as foreign and domestic publications from authoritative international databases, has been carried out. The limited range of drugs prescribed for diseases of the digestive system was revealed. The advantages of using complex drugs in comparison with monopreparations are shown. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;: It is necessary to develop new multicomponent HMs of high therapeutic efficacy and low toxicity for prevention and treatment of digestive system diseases.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;/strong&gt; Herbal medicines, Digestive system diseases, Correction.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">128</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EV Ferubko&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, TD Rendyuk&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, TD Dargaeva&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, SM Nikolaev&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;All-Russian Research Institute of medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Moscow, RUSSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, RUSSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Institute of General and Experimental Biology of the Siberian Branch of the RAS, Ulan-Ude, RUSSIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">N Nerdy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">P Lestari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">F Fahdi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EDL Putra</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SAB Amir</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">F Yusuf</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TK Bakri</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In Silico Studies of Sesquiterpene Lactones from Vernonia amygdalina Delile on the Expression of EGFR and VEGFR as a New Anticancer Potential</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">91-97</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To assess the inhibition activity of sesquiterpene lactones from&lt;em&gt; Vernonia amygdalina&lt;/em&gt; Delile as a new anticancer potential on the expression of cancer therapeutic target-proteins, namely: epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR)&lt;strong&gt;. Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The in silico screening, target‐based approach (docking) was performed by the Prediction of Activity Spectra for Substances (PASS) website and AutoDock Vina program. The therapeutic cancer target proteins model of EGFR and VEGFR were downloaded from Research Collaboratory for Structural Bioinformatics (RCSB) protein data bank (PDB) with 5HG7 and 4AG8 as their respective codes.&lt;strong&gt; Results&lt;/strong&gt;: The test compounds have anticancer activity as predicted by the Prediction of Activity Spectra for Substances (PASS) website and AutoDock Vina program. The molecular docking analysis of the test compounds showed strong interactions and good inhibition activity with the targeted proteins with a low docking score value predicted by the AutoDock Vina program.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The test compounds have the potential to be used in anticancer drugs through the inhibitory qualities of EGFR and VEGFR.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;/strong&gt; In silico, Sesquiterpene lactones, EGFR, VEGFR, Vernonia amygdalina Delile.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">91</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;N Nerdy&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, P Lestari&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, F Fahdi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, EDL Putra&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, SAB Amir&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, F Yusuf3, TK Bakri&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Institut Kesehatan Deli Husada Deli Tua, Deli Tua Timur, Deli Tua, Deli Serdang, Sumatera Utara, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Padang Bulan, Medan Baru, Medan, Sumatera Utara, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacy, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Arjuna, Pintubosi, Laguboti, Toba Samosir, Sumatera Utara, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Kopelma Darussalam, Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Aceh, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nala Mawaddani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ekris Sutiyanti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Hermawan Widyananda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Viol Dhea Kharisma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dora Dayu Rahma Turista</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Badrut Tamam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vikash Jakhmola</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Syamsurizal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bayu Ramadhani Fajri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Raffi Ghifari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Thoriq Albari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Arya Ghifari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amalia Putri Lubis</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dony Novaliendry</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dwi Hilda Putri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fadhilah Fitri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Devni Prima Sari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alexander Patera Nugraha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ANM Ansori</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maksim Rebezov</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rahadian Zainul</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In Silico Study of Entry Inhibitor from Moringa oleifera Bioactive Compounds against SARS-CoV-2 Infection</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Active site</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COVID-19</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moringa oleifera</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mpro</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">RdRp</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">565-574</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;The aim of this study is to screen the content of bioactive compounds of &lt;em&gt;Moringa oleifera &lt;/em&gt;and to identify its potential as an antiviral against COVID 19 through an entry inhibitor mechanism using bioinformatics tools. The sample was obtained from PubChem database. Amino acis sequences were obtained from the NCBI. Protein modeling is made through the SWISSMODEL site. The target proteins for this study were SARS-CoV-2 M&lt;sup&gt;pro&lt;/sup&gt; and RdRp. The protein-inhibitory interaction of the drug from &lt;em&gt;M. oleifera&lt;/em&gt; bioactive compounds to SARS-CoV-2 was predicted by molecular docking with PyRx software. The result shows that&lt;em&gt; M. oleifera &lt;/em&gt;was a potential antiviral candidate for SARS-CoV-2 with an entry inhibitor mechanism through a compound, especially quercetin. The RFMS value of both interactions between M&lt;sup&gt;pro &lt;/sup&gt;and quercetion and RdRp with quercetin were not higher than 1.05. This result still needed further research to prove this prediction.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">565</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nala Mawaddani&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ekris Sutiyanti&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Hermawan Widyananda&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Viol Dhea Kharisma&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Dora Dayu Rahma Turista&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Badrut Tamam&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Vikash Jakhmola&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Syamsurizal&lt;sup&gt;7,8&lt;/sup&gt;, Bayu Ramadhani Fajri&lt;sup&gt;7,9&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Raffi Ghifari&lt;sup&gt;7,10&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Thoriq Albari&lt;sup&gt;7,10&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Arya Ghifari&lt;sup&gt;7,10&lt;/sup&gt;, Amalia Putri Lubis&lt;sup&gt;7,11&lt;/sup&gt;, Dony Novaliendry&lt;sup&gt;7,12&lt;/sup&gt;, Dwi Hilda Putri&lt;sup&gt;7,8&lt;/sup&gt;, Fadhilah Fitri&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;,&lt;sup&gt;13&lt;/sup&gt;, Devni Prima Sari&lt;sup&gt;7,14&lt;/sup&gt;, Alexander Patera Nugraha&lt;sup&gt;15&lt;/sup&gt;, ANM Ansori&lt;sup&gt;16&lt;/sup&gt; , Maksim Rebezov&lt;sup&gt;17,18,19&lt;/sup&gt;, Rahadian Zainul&lt;sup&gt;7,11,*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Tropical Biology, Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, INDONESIA&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Division of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Generasi Biologi Indonesia Foundation, Gresik, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Biology Education Department, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Mulawarman University, Samarinda, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Universitas Muhammadiyah Lamongan, Lamongan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Center for Advanced Material Processing, Artificial Intelligence, and Biophysics Informatics (CAMP-BIOTICS), Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;Information Technology, Dapartement of Electronic, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;10&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Information Technology, Faculty of Computer Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;11&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;12&lt;/sup&gt;Program Study Informatics, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;13&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;14&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;15&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA. 16Professor Nidom Foundation, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;17&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Scientific Research, Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Moscow, RUSSIAN FEDERATION&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Ural State Agrarian University, Yekaterinburg, RUSSIAN FEDERATION&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;19&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Scientific Research, K.G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technologies and Management (The First Cossack University), Moscow, RUSSIAN FEDERATION&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vikash Jakhmola</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tarun Parashar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pallavi Ghildiyal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ANM Ansori</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rajeev Kumar Sharma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">N. G. Raghavendra Rao</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kapil Kalra</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nishan Singh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nidhi Nainwal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rajeev Kumar Singh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">M. P Singh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vishwadeepak Kimothi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alok Bhatt</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ashish Dimri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ravi Kumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amit Semwal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nur Sofiatul Aini</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maksim Rebezov</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">An In Silico Study to Explore the Role of EGFR in Ovarian Cancer</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EGFR</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In silico study</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Protein-protein docking</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tyrosine kinases</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">817-821</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;EGFR is a tyrosine kinase receptor that has a role in the tumorigenesis of many types of solid tumors. Aberrantly phosphorylated or overexpressed EGFR is associated with cellular proliferation, prevention of apoptosis, activation of invasion and metastasis, and stimulation of tumor-induced neovascularization. EGFR’s hyperactivity has been observed in ovarian cancer. Although conventional chemotherapy and surgery for advanced ovarian cancer have improved over the years, still there is a critical need for the development of molecular targeted therapies. The major challenge for this approach is the complete understanding of the protein structure of this mega receptor. In this study, we explored this receptor using &lt;em&gt;in silico&lt;/em&gt; tools. The protein structure of the EGFR kinase domain (PDB ID: 1M17) and co-crystal containing EGFR and PTP1B kinase domain fragment (PDB ID: 3I7Z) were obtained from the RCSB Protein Data Bank. We performed protein-protein docking using BioLuminate. It was found in this study that the DADEYL segment of EGFR (position 988-993) which includes autophosphorylated tyrosine at position 992, is the segment that is responsible for the overexpression of this receptor in ovarian cancer. There are currently two main classes of clinically-approved drugs which downregulate EGFR activity; tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and monoclonal antibodies (Mabs). However, treatment with both type of therapies has been met with shortcomings. Therefore, there is a need for further studies to explore the suitable ligands that can downregulate its activity.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">817</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vikash Jakhmola&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Tarun Parashar&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Pallavi Ghildiyal&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, ANM Ansori&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Rajeev Kumar Sharma&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, N. G. Raghavendra Rao&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Kapil Kalra&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Nishan Singh&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Nidhi Nainwal&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Rajeev Kumar Singh&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;, M. P Singh&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;, Vishwadeepak Kimothi&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;, Alok Bhatt&lt;sup&gt;10&lt;/sup&gt;, Ashish Dimri&lt;sup&gt;11&lt;/sup&gt;, Ravi Kumar&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Amit Semwal&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Nur Sofiatul Aini&lt;sup&gt;12&lt;/sup&gt;, Maksim Rebezov&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;13,14,15&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Professor Nidom Foundation, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;School of Pharmaceutical and population health informatics, DIT University, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Professor, Kiet School Of Pharmacy, Kiet Group Of Institutions. Delhi-Ncr, Meerut Road, Ghaziabad - 201206 Uttar Pradesh, India&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Alpine College of Management and Technology Dehradun, Uttarakhand, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Srajan Institute of Pharmacy, Lakhimpur Kheri, Uttar Pradesh, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Apex Institute of Pharmacy, Samaspur, Chunar, Mirzapur Uttar Pradesh, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;School of Agriculture, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;Himalayan Institute of Pharmacy and Research Dehradun, Uttarakhand, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;10&lt;/sup&gt;School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Himgiri Zee University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;11&lt;/sup&gt;GRD(PG) IMT Dehradun, Uttarakhand, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;12&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, State University of Surabaya, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;13&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Scientific Research, Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Moscow, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;14&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Ural State Agrarian University, Yekaterinburg, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;15&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Scientific Research, K.G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of technologies and management (The First Cossack University), Moscow, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Linda Chularojmontri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Urarat Nanna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rawiwun Kaewamatawong</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sudarat Homhual</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wanwisa Suwannaloet</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inhibitory Effect of Carallia Brachiata Extract Through Regulation of Adipogenesis Pathways in 3T3-L1 Cells</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3T3-L1 adipocytes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adipogenesis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carallia brachiata</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">655-660</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Pharmacological effects of &lt;em&gt;Carallia brachiata Merr&lt;/em&gt;. has been reported to show antioxidant effects against the development of diabetes. However, the mechanism underlying antiadipogenic activity have not been investigated. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; Effect of&lt;em&gt; Carallia brachiata&lt;/em&gt; ethanolic extract was determined on inhibition of adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.&lt;strong&gt; Materials and Methods&lt;/strong&gt;: Adipose tissue development was performed in preadipocyte 3T3-L1 cells culture. &lt;em&gt;Carallia brachiata&lt;/em&gt; leaf (CL) and stem (CS) part were selected for measuring cytotoxicity, accumulation of lipids, and genes involved in adipogenic differentiation. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; During the adipogenic differentiation, CS down-regulated gene expression of adipogenic transcription factors (PPARγ, C/EBPα, aP2, FAS, LPL and SREBP1c). However, CL only suppressed SREBP1c and aP2 genes. The accumulation of lipids was suppressed by CS, but CL could not show this effect. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;: Our findings suggest that ethanol extract of &lt;em&gt;Carallia brachiata&lt;/em&gt; stem has a better anti-adipogenesis effect than the leaf part by suppressing adipogenesis-related gene expression. Moreover, inhibition of lipid storage could be decreased insulin resistance risk.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">655</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Linda Chularojmontri&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Urarat Nanna&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Rawiwun Kaewamatawong&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sudarat Homhual&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Wanwisa Suwannaloet&lt;sup&gt;3,*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Preclinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani 12120, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, 34190, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;College of Medicine and Public Health, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, 34190, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fajar Herbowo Niantiarno</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agus Turchan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Myrna Adianti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Budi Utomo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Arifin Parenrengi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdul Hafid Bajamal</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kaempferia galanga L. Extract Administration Attenuate Aquaporin-4 Expression in Traumatic Brain Injury: An Experimental Study in Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ayuverdic medicine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neuroinflammation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neurotrauma</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Post-traumatic cerebral edema</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">893-897</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is still a major health problem in the world. It might cause long-term disability that affect socio-economic life and become nation health burden. Post-traumatic cerebral edema might develop and commit to an unfavorable prognosis. Aquaporin 4 (AQP4) is water channel protein and a key regulator of water metabolism in the brain. Although the mechanism of AQP4 in the regulation of post-traumatic brain edema remains controversial, AQP4-lacking mice show better survival and decreased brain edema. Thus, novel strategies that suppress AQP4 become a potential field. We hypothesized that &lt;em&gt;Kaempferia galanga&lt;/em&gt; L. may suppress brain expression of AQP4 following TBI and possibly limit the development of cerebral edema due to its neuroinflammation properties. &lt;strong&gt;Method:&lt;/strong&gt; We conducted TBI to experimental rats, then given &lt;em&gt;Kaempferia galanga &lt;/em&gt;L. extract at a dose of 600 mg/kg BW and 1200 mg/kg BW. Evaluation intensity of AQP4 expression by immunohistochemistry was performed 24 and 48 hours later to see its therapeutic effect. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Administration of &lt;em&gt;Kaempferia galanga &lt;/em&gt;L. extract at a dose of 1200 mg/kg BW showed weak expression of AQP4 in all samples, both 24 and 48 hours following traumatic brain injury treatment. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions&lt;/strong&gt;: Intensity of AQP4 expression in rats’ brain was lower at 24 and 48 hours after TBI in rats receiving &lt;em&gt;Kaempferia galanga&lt;/em&gt; L. extract with dose 1200 mg/ kg BW compared to the other groups. Our result indicates that &lt;em&gt;Kaempferia galanga &lt;/em&gt;L. might affect the expression of brain AQP4 in a dose-dependent manner.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">893</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fajar Herbowo Niantiarno&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Agus Turchan&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Myrna Adianti&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Budi Utomo&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Arifin Parenrengi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Abdul Hafid Bajamal&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga – Dr. Soetomo Academic General Hospital, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Traditional Medicine Study Program, Department of Health, Faculty of Vocational Studies, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Public Health Science and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Judya Sukmana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Widjiati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Siswandono</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">I Ketut Sudiana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hari Basuki Notobroto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Iswinarno Doso Saputro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yoes Prijatna Dachlan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Endang Joewarini</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leaf Effect of C. Trifolia L. as Nf-B and Tnf-Α Inhibitor Compounds with In Silico Method</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">C. trifolia L</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">H. Pylori</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">in silico</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NFkB</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TNF-α</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">407-415</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Infection &lt;em&gt;H. pylori &lt;/em&gt;causes inflammation through various pathways to induce proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α. The transcription factor NF-kB is a crucial regulator of the immune response and inflammation and regulates many cellular processes that are important in carcinogenesis, including transformation, proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Antiinflammatory plant&lt;em&gt; C. trifolia &lt;/em&gt;L was shown to inhibit the activity of NF-B and several pro-inflammatory cytokine mediators. This study proved that the active compound from the plant's leaves,&lt;em&gt; C. trifolia &lt;/em&gt;L has potential as an inhibitor of NF-B and TNF-α. &lt;strong&gt;Method:&lt;/strong&gt; This study used a docking method with a grid box mimicking the bond between the receptor and the inhibitor control complex. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The bioactivity of &lt;em&gt;Cayratria trifolia &lt;/em&gt;compounds as anti-inflammatory was shown in the inflammation parameters used, namely Interleukin 10 agonist, Interleukin agonist, Interleukin antagonist, Interleukin 6 antagonist, Interleukin 4 antagonist, Interleukin 2 agonist, Interleukin 1 antagonist, Interleukin 1b antagonist, Interleukin 10 antagonist, Interleukin 12 agonist, and Interleukin 1a antagonist. Interleukin 2 agonists showed the highest activity of all compounds. Piceid compounds showed high anti-inflammatory activity with interleukin 10 agonists, interleukin agonists, interleukin 6 antagonists, and interleukin 2 agonists. The compounds stilbenes, piceid, resveratrol, cyclopentadecane, and hentriacontane showed potency higher interleukin-6 inhibition than the other 22 compounds. These five compounds were continued for molecular docking analysis. The low bond energy is correlated with the number of bonds and the variety of interactions. The higher the number of bonds and the type of interaction, the lower the bond energy. The lower the bond energy, the stronger the interaction between the ligand and protein. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Based on the prediction of anti-inflammatory bioactivity, five potential compounds were identified, namely cyclopentadecane, resveratrol, stilbenes, piceid, and hentriacontane. The five compounds bind to NFkB on the active site of the binding site with DNA, and this inhibition causes DNA to be unable to restrain NFkB transcription factors, and transcription does not occur. This proves that the active compound from the leaves of the plant&lt;em&gt; C. trifolia&lt;/em&gt; L has potential as an inhibitor of NF-κB compounds. Inhibition of 6 compounds on TNF at the TNF receptor proves that the active compound from the leaves of the plant &lt;em&gt;C. trifolia&lt;/em&gt; L has potential as a TNF-α inhibitor compound. The active ingredient Piceid exhibits predominant anti-inflammatory potential with lower binding energy and stronger interactions than other complexes.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article </style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">23</style></accession-num><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">407</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Judya Sukmana&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Widjiati&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Siswandono&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, I Ketut Sudiana&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Hari Basuki Notobroto&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Iswinarno Doso Saputro&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Yoes Prijatna Dachlan&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Endang Joewarini&lt;sup&gt;2,*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Doctoral Program of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Doctoral Program, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Defri Rizaldy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nisrina Khairunnisa Ramadhita</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trishna Nadhifa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Irda Fidrianny</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.): Evaluation of In Vitro Antioxidant Activities</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Branches</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CUPRAC.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DPPH</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leaves</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mangosteen</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rinds</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">633-640</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Mangosteen (&lt;em&gt;Garcinia mangostana&lt;/em&gt; L.), is an evergreen of the &lt;em&gt;Guttiferae &lt;/em&gt;family that carries antioxidant activity.&lt;strong&gt; Objective&lt;/strong&gt;s: to examine the antioxidant activity of the leaves, branches and rinds of the mangosteen using DPPH and CUPRAC methods, total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC), analyze the correlation between TPC, TFC and antioxidant activity, the correlation between two methods, and found the levels of flavonoid compounds.&lt;strong&gt; Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Extraction was performed by reflux method using solvents with graded polarity, namely n-hexane, ethyl acetate and ethanol. Determination of antioxidant activity with DPPH and CUPRAC, TPC and TFC were performed by UV-visible spectrophotometer. The correlation between TPC, TFC and antioxidant activity of DPPH and CUPRAC as well as the correlation between two methods were conducted by Pearson’s method. The level of flavonoid compounds was performed by HPLC. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Mangosteen leaves, branches and rinds extracts had antioxidant activity of DPPH in the range of 39.920 – 489.708 mg AAE/g and antioxidant activity of CUPRAC in the range of 116.360 – 570.400 mg AAE/g. The highest TPC was given by the ethanol leaves extract (49.525 ± 4.263 g GAE/100 g) and the highest TFC was given by the n-hexane rinds extract (13.859 ± 1.451 g QE/100 g). The ethanol rinds extract contained rutin 0.0327% and kaempferol 0.0049%. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; TPC and TFC correlated positive and significant with the value of antioxidant activity, except for the n-hexane leaves extract using the DPPH method. The DPPH and CUPRAC methods gave linear results in determining the antioxidant activity of mangosteen extracts.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">22</style></accession-num><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">633</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Defri Rizaldy, Nisrina Khairunnisa Ramadhita*, Trishna Nadhifa, Irda Fidrianny&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Pharmaceutical Biology Department, School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dewintha Airene Novianti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Puspa Wardhani</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Massive Pleural Effusion with Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) Test Positive and COVID-19 Confirmed: A Case Report</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ADA test</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COVID-19</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Infectious disease</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pleural effusion</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pneumonia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tb pleuritis</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">450-454</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;A 26-year-old man complained of shortness of breath for 3 days before the hospital admission. The patient had a history of coughing up blood and had consumed alcohol and drugs. Decreased vesicular auscultation and dull percussion in the left lateral pulmo. Laboratory result showed increased neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio C-reactive protein, D-dimer, procalcitonin, ferritin, and decreased albumin level. Pleural fluid analysis indicated the presence of exudate, SARS-CoV-2 PCR positive, and increased ADA level to 43 U/L. Based on the examination results, we suspected that the etiology of the massive pleural effusion was tuberculous pleurisy, particularly due to increased ADA levels. The patient was diagnosed with COVID-19 pneumonia with massive pleural effusion and tuberculous pleurisy. Massive pleural effusion in SARS-CoV-2 infection is rare. Thus, laboratory modalities for massive pleural effusion diagnosis are needed to determine the etiology and effective treatment for the patient. ADA analysis could be considered as an initial examination in patients with pleural effusion during the wait for pleural fluid culture results.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Case Report</style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">28</style></accession-num><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">450</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dewintha Airene Novianti&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Puspa Wardhani &lt;sup&gt;2,*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Clinical Pathology Specialist Medicine Academic Program, Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga/Dr. Soetomo General Regional Hospital, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga /Dr. Soetomo General Regional Hospital, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olivia Mahardani Adam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jusak Nugraha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Hamdan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agus Turchan</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mechanism of the Bioactive Sargassum cristaefolium in Inhibiting Inflammatory Mediators in a Nitroglycerin-Induced Migraine Model in Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inflammatory mediator</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Migraine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nitroglycerin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sargassum cristaefolium</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">388-396</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background&lt;/strong&gt;: Migraine headaches are a form of sterile neurogenic inflammation. The sterile inflammatory process of the trigeminal nerve releases the vasoactive neuropeptide CGRP which stimulates the release of inflammatory mediators. In the incidence of migraine there is an increase in TNF-α and IL-10. &lt;em&gt;Sargassum cristaefolium&lt;/em&gt; ethanol extract contains flavonoids, alkaloids, triterpenoids, steroids, and tannins, which has analgesic and anti-inflammatory function. &lt;strong&gt;Method: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sargassum cristaefolium &lt;/em&gt;was extracted using maceration method with 70% ethanol as solvent. Animal models were divided into 5 groups and given NTG induction 5 times with 1 day intervals, treated for 3 weeks. All data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 26.0. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sargassum cristaefolium&lt;/em&gt; ethanol extract - CGRP levels β: -0.26, p: 0.17; &lt;em&gt;Sargassum cristaefolium&lt;/em&gt; ethanol extract - CGRP expression β: -0.04, p: 0.85; &lt;em&gt;Sargassum cristaefolium&lt;/em&gt; ethanol extract - TNF-α levels β: -0.63, p: 0.01; &lt;em&gt;Sargassum cristaefolium &lt;/em&gt;ethanol extract - TNF-α expression β: -0.40, p: 0.04; &lt;em&gt;Sargassum cristaefolium&lt;/em&gt; ethanol extract - IL-10 levels β: 0.77, p: 0.00; &lt;em&gt;Sargassum cristaefolium &lt;/em&gt;ethanol extract - IL-10 expression β: 0.45, p: 0.01.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusions&lt;/strong&gt;: A significant path between the administration of &lt;em&gt;Sargassum cristaefolium &lt;/em&gt;ethanol extract and a decrease in TNF-α and an increase in IL-10. But the effect of giving &lt;em&gt;Sargassum cristaefolium &lt;/em&gt;ethanol extract on CGRP levels did not have a significant relationship.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">388</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Olivia Mahardani Adam&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Jusak Nugraha&lt;sup&gt;3,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Hamdan&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Agus Turchan&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Doctoral Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Hang Tuah, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Syeftyan Muhammad Ali Hamami</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michelle Fai</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ahmad Fariduddin Aththar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">M Nizam Zulfi Zakaria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Viol Dhea Kharisma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ahmad Affan Ali Murtadlo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Badrut Tamam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vikash Jakhmola</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Hermawan Widyananda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dora Dayu Rahma Turista</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maksim Rebezov</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nikolai Maksimiuk</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nataliya Kulmakova</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evgeniya Latynina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ANM Ansori</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rahadian Zainul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Riso Sari Mandeli</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Devi Purnamasari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oski Illiandri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Khoirun Nisyak</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ernarisa Fitri</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nano Transdermal Delivery Potential of Fucoidan from Sargassum sp. (Brown Algae) as Chemoprevention Agent for Breast Cancer Treatment</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anticancer</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Breast cancer</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fucoidan</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nano transdermal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sargassum sp. .</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">789-795</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Conventional chemotherapy substances are associated with mild to severe side effects that affect both healthy and cancer cells. It is presumed to improve therapeutic efficacy in coexistence reducing chemotherapy’s side effects. Fucoidan is an anticancer bioactive compound derived from &lt;em&gt;Sargassum sp&lt;/em&gt;. that has low cytotoxic activity. The purpose of this study was to explore the effectiveness of anticancer activities of fucoidan from &lt;em&gt;Sargassum sp.&lt;/em&gt; against breast cancer then analyze the suitability of nano transdermal patch of fucoidan and blueprint the long-term research design of nano transdermal patch as a chemoprevention agent in the chemotherapeutic management of breast cancer. This research was performed through a literature study and &lt;em&gt;in silico&lt;/em&gt; study by imposing carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX) as a marker of hypoxia and metastatic state of cancer cells. The results showed that the fucoidan from &lt;em&gt;Sargassum sp&lt;/em&gt;. effectively induced apoptosis and prevented metastasis of breast cancer cells through the Bcl-2, Bcl-w, and bad pathways. Fucoidan, in addition, was predicted to inhibit CA IX by Glu4 Glu5, Leu7, Pro8, and Asp6 residues. Therefore, the delivery of fucoidan is favored to have a local effect on the site of breast cancer cells by nano transdermal patch preparations using fucoidan nanoparticle polymer. Further nano transdermal patch development as a treatment for breast cancer is suggested through the stages of formulation optimization, optimum formula activity testing, patent filing, and distribution in health services.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">789</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Syeftyan Muhammad Ali Hamami&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Michelle Fai&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ahmad Fariduddin Aththar&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, M Nizam Zulfi Zakaria&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Viol Dhea Kharisma&lt;sup&gt;2,3&lt;/sup&gt;, Ahmad Affan Ali Murtadlo&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Badrut Tamam&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Vikash Jakhmola&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Hermawan Widyananda&lt;sup&gt;1,3,&lt;/sup&gt; Dora Dayu Rahma Turista&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Maksim Rebezov&lt;sup&gt;7,8,9&lt;/sup&gt;, Nikolai Maksimiuk&lt;sup&gt;10&lt;/sup&gt;, Nataliya Kulmakova&lt;sup&gt;11&lt;/sup&gt;, Evgeniya Latynina&lt;sup&gt;11&lt;/sup&gt;, ANM Ansori&lt;sup&gt;12&lt;/sup&gt;, Rahadian Zainul&lt;sup&gt;13,14,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Riso Sari Mandeli &lt;sup&gt;15&lt;/sup&gt;, Devi Purnamasari&lt;sup&gt;16&lt;/sup&gt;, Oski Illiandri&lt;sup&gt;17&lt;/sup&gt;, Khoirun Nisyak&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;, Ernarisa Fitri&lt;sup&gt;19&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Life Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Division of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Generasi Biology Indonesia Foundation, Gresik, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Universitas Muhammadiyah Lamongan, Lamongan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Mulawarman University, Samarinda, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Scientific Research, V. M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems, Moscow, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Ural State Agrarian University, Yekaterinburg, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Scientific Research, Russian State Agrarian University Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Moscow, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;10&lt;/sup&gt;Institute of Medical Education, Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, Velikiy Novgorod, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;11&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Veterinary Medicine, Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Moscow, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;12&lt;/sup&gt;Professor Nidom Foundation, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;13&lt;/sup&gt;Center for Advanced Material Processing, Artificial Intelligence, and Biophysic Informatics (CAMP-BIOTICS), Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;14&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;15&lt;/sup&gt;Environmental Science, Postgraduate Programme, Universitas Negeri Padang, INDONESIA&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;16&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Radiology Engineering, Universitas Awal Bros, Pekanbaru, INDONESIA&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;17&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin, Indonesia&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Anwar Medika, Sidoarjo, INDONESIA&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;19&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Andalas, Padang, INDONESIA&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Candra Irawan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maman Sukiman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ismail</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Imalia Dwi Putri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andita Utami</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Avisani Dewanta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aulia Noviyanti</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Optimization of the Ultrasound Assisted Extraction of Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl. Fruit Peel and its Antioxidant and Anti-Gout Potential</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-gout</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ultrasound-assisted extraction</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">397-405</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aims:&lt;/strong&gt; This study aimed to obtain the skin extract of &lt;em&gt;Phaleria macrocarpa&lt;/em&gt; (Scheff.) Boerl. through the application of ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) with variations in time and amplitude to produce optimal extraction conditions. The extract's potential as an antioxidant with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical inhibition parameters, and its potential as an anti-gout.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The yield of crude ethanol extract of&lt;em&gt; Phaleria macrocarpa &lt;/em&gt;(Scheff.) Boerl rind obtained from the UAE process ranged from 18 to 21%. The phytochemical test results of &lt;em&gt;Phaleria macrocarpa&lt;/em&gt; fruit peel extract contain phenolic compounds, tannins, saponins, and alkaloids. Extract B was treated for 35 minutes and had an amplitude of 65% with an antioxidant activity IC&lt;sub&gt;50 &lt;/sub&gt;of 52.01 ± 0.06 mg/L and a reduction of uric acid level of 90.49 ± 0.08. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;: The ethanol extract of the fruit peel of &lt;em&gt;Phaleria macrocarpa&lt;/em&gt; from the UAE has the potential as a source of antioxidants and anti-gout.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">397</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Candra Irawan&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Maman Sukiman&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Ismail&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Imalia Dwi Putri&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Andita Utami&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;,*, Avisani Dewanta&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Aulia Noviyanti&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Food Nanotechnology, Politeknik AKA Bogor, Jalan Pangeran Sogiri, Tanah Baru, Bogor 16154, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Industrial Waste Treatment, Politeknik AKA Bogor, Jalan Pangeran Sogiri, Tanah Baru, Bogor 16154, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemical Analysis, Politeknik AKA Bogor, Jalan Pangeran Sogiri, Tanah Baru, Bogor 16154, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Erna Harfiani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yudhi Nugraha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Citra Ayu Aprilia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Feda Anisah Makkiyah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ratna Puspita</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Viol Dhea Kharisma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Hermawan Widyananda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ahmad Affan Ali Murtadlo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dora Dayu Rahma Turista</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Badrut Tamam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Riso Sari Mandeli</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mirella Fonda Maahury</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Devi Purnamasari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Arya Ghifari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Thoriq Albari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Raffi Ghifari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Asmi Citra Malina A. R. Tasakka</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alexander Patera Nugraha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rahadian Zainul</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The phytochemical and pharmacological activity of extract Kirinyuh (Chromolaena odorata L.) leaves: A Review</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Characterization</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chromolaena odorata</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kirinyuh</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacological activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">580-586</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;C. odorata&lt;/em&gt; L. is considered to be a plant weed that is scattered in various climates. As a weed, this plant contains a variety of beneficial secondary metabolites. Several studies have shown the benefits of &lt;em&gt;C. odorata&lt;/em&gt; L. leaf extract. This study reviews the metabolite content and the pharmacological activities of &lt;em&gt;C. odorata&lt;/em&gt; L. leaf extract. A literature search was carried out to obtain various studies related to the use of this plant extract. Secondary metabolites identified in &lt;em&gt;C. odorata&lt;/em&gt; L. are alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and steroids. Several reports have also shown that even though it is considered a weed, &lt;em&gt;C. odorata &lt;/em&gt;L. leaf extract also provides many benefits due to its pharmacological activities. Various pharmacological activities include anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, antioxidant, antidyslipidemia, hematologic agent, antidiabetic and anti-cataract, analgesic and antipyretic, wound healing, anti-malaria, mosquito larvicidal, antihypercholesterolemia, and antifungal.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">580</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Erna Harfiani&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Yudhi Nugraha&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Citra Ayu Aprilia&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Feda Anisah Makkiyah&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Ratna Puspita&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Viol Dhea Kharisma&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Hermawan Widyananda&lt;sup&gt;5,6&lt;/sup&gt;, Ahmad Affan Ali Murtadlo&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Dora Dayu Rahma Turista&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Badrut Tamam&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;, Riso Sari Mandeli&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;, Mirella Fonda Maahury&lt;sup&gt;10&lt;/sup&gt;, Devi Purnamasari&lt;sup&gt;11&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Arya Ghifari&lt;sup&gt;12&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Thoriq Albari&lt;sup&gt;12&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Raffi Ghifari&lt;sup&gt;12&lt;/sup&gt;, Asmi Citra Malina A. R. Tasakka&lt;sup&gt;13&lt;/sup&gt;, Alexander Patera Nugraha&lt;sup&gt;14&lt;/sup&gt;, Rahadian Zainul&lt;sup&gt;15,16,*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Medical Faculty, UPN Veteran Jakarta, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional, Jakarta, INDONESIA. 3Department of Surgery, Medical Faculty, UPN Veteran Jakarta, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, UPN Veteran Jakarta, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Division of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Generasi Biologi Indonesia Foundation, Gresik, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Brawijaya University, Malang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Biology Education Department, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Mulawarman University, Samarinda, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Universitas Muhammadiyah Lamongan, Lamongan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;Environmental Science, Postgraduate Programme, Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;10&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Pattimura, Ambon, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;11&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Radiology Engineering, Universitas Awal Bros, Pekanbaru, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;12&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Informatics Engineering, Faculty of Computer Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;13&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Marine Science and Fisheries, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;14&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;15&lt;/sup&gt;Center for Advanced Material Processing, Artificial Intelligence, and Biophysic Informatics (CAMPBIOTICS), Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;16&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ade Arsianti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arfi Rabbani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anton Bahtiar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Norma Nur Azizah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lince Dameria Nadapdap</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ajeng Megawati Fajrin</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemistry, Antioxidant Activity and Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Black-White Fungus Auricularia sp. against Breast MCF-7 Cancer Cells</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">01-07</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Cancer is a non-communicable disease with over 18.1 million new cases and 9.6 million deaths annually according to WHO. Breast cancer is the number two highest count type of cancer trailing behind lung cancer. Treating cancer is expensive and have various side effects. Active components found in plants or fungi that have antioxidant and cytotoxic activity towards cancer cells, could be an alternative for anticancer. One of the fungi that is potentially developed as an anticancer, are the genus of &lt;em&gt;Auricularia sp&lt;/em&gt;. also known as black-white fungus. This study aims to determine the phytochemicals components, antioxidant activity and cytotoxic effect of the &lt;em&gt;Auricularia sp&lt;/em&gt;. towards MCF-7 breast cancer cells. &lt;strong&gt;Methods&lt;/strong&gt;: Dried black-white fungus of&lt;em&gt; Auricularia sp&lt;/em&gt;. grinded into a fine powder. Then, multilevel maceration is done with the n-hexane, ethyl acetate, ethanol as solvents. The extracts of black-white fungus undergo phytochemical screening and thin layer chromatography (TLC), followed by measuring antioxidant and evaluating the cytotoxic activity towards MCF-7 breast cancer cells. &lt;strong&gt;Results&lt;/strong&gt;: black-white fungus of &lt;em&gt;Auricularia sp.&lt;/em&gt; contained secondary metabolites of flavonoids, alkaloids, and triterpenoids and a total of 17 other phytochemical components. Ethyl acetate extract of black-white fungus showed a weak antioxidant activity towards DPPH free radical with IC50 of 215.51 μg/mL and a very active cytotoxic activity on MCF-7 cells with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of 0.21 μg/mL. On the other hand, ethanol and n-hexane extracts of black-white fungus are categorized with an active cytotoxic activity on MCF-7 cells with IC&lt;sub&gt;50 &lt;/sub&gt;of 29.28 μg/mL and 50.39 μg/mL, respectively.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Black-white fungus &lt;em&gt;Auricularia sp&lt;/em&gt;. that had anticancer activity towards breast MCF-7 cells should be considered as an alternative treatment for breast cancer therapy.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;/strong&gt; Phytochemistry, Antioxidant, Cytotoxicity, Black-white fungus Auricularia sp., MCF-7 cells.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">01</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ade Arsianti&lt;sup&gt;1,2,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Arfi Rabbani&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Anton Bahtiar&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Norma Nur Azizah&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Lince Dameria Nadapdap&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Ajeng Megawati Fajrin&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Drug Development Research Cluster, Indonesia Medical Education and Research Institute (IMERI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Jalan Salemba Raya 6 Jakarta 10430, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Medical Student, Faculty of Medicine University of Indonesia, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Indonesia, Depok, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gumilar Adhi Nugroho</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Febrika Wediasari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zahra Fadhilah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berna Elya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heri Setiawan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ELFAHMI</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Potency of Antidiabetic Effects of the Combination of Syzygium cumini and Andrographis paniculata in Rats with High-Fat Dietand Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andrographis paniculata</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Combination</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diabetes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Syzygium cumini</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">406-412</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Andrographis paniculata&lt;/em&gt; (AP) and &lt;em&gt;Syzygium cumini &lt;/em&gt;(SC) are known for their antihyperglycemic effects. However, the combined effects of these plants have not yet been assessed. This study evaluated the oral acute toxicity and&lt;em&gt; in vivo &lt;/em&gt;antihyperglycemic effects of the extract combining AP and SC (SCAP) in rats with high-fat diet- and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes. Thirteen female DDY mice for toxicity test were divided into three groups and orally administered one dose SCAP (0, 300, or 2000 mg/kg). On day 15, animals were euthanized, their internal organs were observed, and blood samples were collected for clinical biochemistry analyses.&lt;em&gt; In vivo&lt;/em&gt; antihyperglycemic activity was examined in male Sprague- Dawley rats-induced diabetes. Diabetic rats were assigned to once-daily oral treatment with metformin, AP, SC or SCAP for 1 week. Concerning toxicity, SCAP had no effects on liver and kidney and histology of these organs displayed no abnormalities. Blood glucose levels had a tendency to reduce in treatment groups compared with the findings in the diabetic control group. SCAP treatment protected rats against pancreatic damage. These results illustrated that the combined SCAP treatment had beneficial effects on blood glucose levels and pancreatic β-cell function, in rats-induced diabetes.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">406</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Gumilar Adhi Nugroho&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Febrika Wediasari&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Zahra Fadhilah&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Berna Elya&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Heri Setiawan&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Elfahmi&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratorium of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Indonesia, Depok, Jawa Barat, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratorium of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Indonesia, Depok, Jawa Barat, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;School of Pharmacy, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, Jawa Barat, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Budiastuti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rosy Dwi Nurcholida</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Riesta Primaharinastiti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sukardiman</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Potency of Cinnamon Bark Oil (Cinnamomum burmannii (Nees &amp; T. Nees) Blume) from 5 Regions in Indonesia as Anti- Inflammatory</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">154-164</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; An alternative anti-inflammatory with milder side effects is needed. One of them can be sourced from plants such as &lt;em&gt;Cinnamomum spp&lt;/em&gt;. Indonesia is the largest producer of cinnamon bark (&lt;em&gt;Cinnamomum burmannii &lt;/em&gt;(Nees &amp;amp; T. Nees) Blume) in the world. Thus, research is needed to increase the benefits and database of &lt;em&gt;C. burmannii&lt;/em&gt; bark, especially as an anti-inflammatory. This study aims to determine the metabolite profile of the essential oil of &lt;em&gt;C. burmann&lt;/em&gt;ii bark (CBO) from 5 regions in Indonesia as an anti-inflammatory. &lt;strong&gt;Methods&lt;/strong&gt;: The location of the sampling was carried out by fulfilling 3 criteria, namely the difference in the island, province, and the area that produces the bark of &lt;em&gt;C. burmannii.&lt;/em&gt; Analysis was performed using GC-MS Agilent 7890B GC and 5977B MSD. A total of 40 male rats (Rattus novergicus) Wistar strain were divided into 8 groups, each group consisted of 5 rats. Group 1 as negative control treated with 1% CMC-Na solution, group 2 as positive control treated with ibuprofen at a dose of 27 mg/kg BW, Group 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 treated with CBO from 5 locations. After 30 min of treatment, experimental animals were injected left paw with carrageenan1%/100μl/paw. Measurements of left paw swelling were carried out at 1, 2, 3, and 4 hours and the animals were sacrificed. Edema inhibition percentage, number of inflammatory cells, and TNF-α expression were analyzed. &lt;strong&gt;Result:&lt;/strong&gt; The results of this study indicate that CBO from 5 regions in Indonesia has anti-inflammatory properties. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; There was no significant difference in anti-inflammatory activity CBO from 4 regions, namely from Kerinci, Lombok Timur, Karanganyar, and Gorontalo areas.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;/strong&gt; Anti-inflammatory, Cinnamon bark Oil, Metabolite profile, Essential oil.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">154-164</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Budiastuti&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Rosy Dwi Nurcholida&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Riesta Primaharinastiti&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sukardiman&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;,*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Doctoral Program on Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Faratisha IFD</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cahyono AW</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Erwan NE</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Putri AM</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ariel DG</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yunita KC</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nugraha RYB</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mardhiyyah K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fitri LE</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Potential Effect of Nigericin from Streptomyces hygroscopicus subsp. Hygroscopicus Against the Syndemic of Malaria and COVID-19 through Molecular Docking Perspective</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COVID-19</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Malaria</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular docking</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nigericin</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">268-275</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background&lt;/strong&gt;: Malaria is a constantly challenging problem, notably in the Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic. The syndemic condition, malaria-COVID-19 co-infections, had been reported. Our previous study successfully revealed several compounds from&lt;em&gt; Streptomyces hygroscopicus s&lt;/em&gt;ubsp. Hygroscopicus, including nigericin that has both antimalarial and antiviral effects. In malaria infection, &lt;em&gt;Plasmodium falciparum &lt;/em&gt;Chloroquine Resistance Transporter (PfCRT) is the potential target for eliminating &lt;em&gt;Plasmodium.&lt;/em&gt; Meanwhile, for SARS-CoV-2 infection, MPro is an essential protein for SARS-CoV-2 survival. This research aims to examine the potential effect of nigericin towards&lt;em&gt; Plasmodium&lt;/em&gt; and SARS-CoV-2 by assessing its molecular interaction with PfCRT and MPro through molecular docking study.&lt;strong&gt; Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The protein target PfCRT and MPro were obtained from Protein Data Bank. Nigericin and the control ligand (chloroquine and N3) were obtained from PubChem. The pharmacokinetic analysis was done using SwissADME. Specific molecular docking was conducted using PyRx 0.9 and was visualized using LigPlot and PyMOL. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Nigericin has a large molecular weight, leading to the non-fulfillment of the Lipinski rule for oral administration. Through molecular docking study, the binding affinity of the Nigericin-PfCRT complex was -8.1 kcal/mol, and Nigericin-MPro was -8.6 kcal/mol. These binding affinities were stronger than the control ligand. The interaction between Nigericin-PfCRT and Nigericin-MPro share a similar pocket-site and amino acid residues as the control ligands. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Nigericin has potential antimalarial and anti-coronavirus effects through molecular docking perspective by assessing the binding affinity and similarity of amino acid residues compared to control. Administration of systemic route can be an option in giving nigericin.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">268</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Faratisha IFD&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Cahyono AW&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Erwan NE&lt;sup&gt;1,3&lt;/sup&gt;, Putri AM&lt;sup&gt;1,3&lt;/sup&gt;, Ariel DG&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Yunita KC&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Nugraha RYB&lt;sup&gt;1,4&lt;/sup&gt;, Mardhiyyah K&lt;sup&gt;1,2,5&lt;/sup&gt;, Fitri LE&lt;sup&gt;1,4&lt;/sup&gt;,*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Malaria Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, East Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Doctoral Program in Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, East Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Master Program in Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, East Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, 65145 Malang, East Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry &amp;amp; Biomolecular, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, 65145 Malang, East Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yuna Islamiati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yani Suryani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ayuni Adawiyah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Opik Taufiqurrohman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Viol Dhea Kharisma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Devi Purnamasari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nunuk Hariani Soekamto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anny Setijo Rahaju</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kuswati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Riso Sari Mandeli</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kawther Ameen Muhammed Saeed Aledresi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nur Farhana Mohd Yusof</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maksim Rebezov</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shimanovskaya Yanina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Belyakova Natalia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dmitriy Kulikov</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gulnara Mullagulova</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rahadian Zainul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Thoriq Albari</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Potential of Antivirus Compounds in Gletang (Tridax procumbens Linn.) in Inhibiting 3CLpro Receptor of SARS-CoV-2 Virus by In Silico</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3CLpro receptor</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antivirus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gletang</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In-silico</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SARS-CoV-2.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">796-805</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;SARS-CoV-2 virus has caused pandemic disease since the end of 2019. Virus transmission occurs through droplet and infects the host's respiratory tract rapidly. Viral propagation occurs through translation process of genome +ssRNA, then it being replicated forming some new body parts of virus and assemblied into virions that ready to infect. During the replication process, the translated viral genome in the form of polyprotein will be cut into smaller components by proteases, which one is 3CLpro. The presence of the 3CLpro receptor is used in drug development through &lt;em&gt;in-silico &lt;/em&gt;molecular docking process to minimize failures before laboratory test. The antivirus compounds that used to inhibit the 3CLpro receptor are from gletang plant (&lt;em&gt;Tridax procumbens&lt;/em&gt; Linn.). This study aim is to determine the value of binding affinity, the interaction between compounds and receptor, and the effect of drug components. The research was conducted by&lt;em&gt; in-silico&lt;/em&gt; through the molecular docking process of 3CLpro receptor and antivirus compounds of gletang (&lt;em&gt;Tridax procumbens&lt;/em&gt; Linn.), including betulinic acid, kaempferol and lignan. The results showed that the binding affinity of betulinic acid was -6.6 kcal/mol, kaempferol was -5.6 kcal/ mol and lignan was -5.4 kcal/mol. The interaction form of compounds and receptor was hydrogen bond, electrostatic, hydrophobic, and van der Waals. Compared to baicalein compound as a positive control with the value of binding affinity was -6.7 kcal/mol and its interaction with 3CLpro receptor, showed betulinic acid, kaempferol and lignan have smaller ability but they have the potential to inhibit the 3CLpro receptor.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">796</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yuna Islamiati&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Yani Suryani&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ayuni Adawiyah&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Opik Taufiqurrohman&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Viol Dhea Kharisma&lt;sup&gt;2,3&lt;/sup&gt;, Devi Purnamasari&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Nunuk Hariani Soekamto&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Anny Setijo Rahaju&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Kuswati&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;, Riso Sari Mandeli&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;, Kawther Ameen Muhammed Saeed Aledresi&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;, Nur Farhana Mohd Yusof&lt;sup&gt;10&lt;/sup&gt;, Maksim Rebezov&lt;sup&gt;11,12,13&lt;/sup&gt;, Shimanovskaya Yanina&lt;sup&gt;14&lt;/sup&gt;, Belyakova Natalia&lt;sup&gt;15&lt;/sup&gt;, Dmitriy Kulikov&lt;sup&gt;15&lt;/sup&gt;, Gulnara Mullagulova&lt;sup&gt;15&lt;/sup&gt;, Rahadian Zainul&lt;sup&gt;16,17,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Thoriq Albari&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung, Bandung, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Division of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Generasi Biology Indonesia Foundation, Gresik, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Radiology Engineering, Universitas Awal Bros, Pekanbaru, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Jember University, INDONESIA&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;Environmental Science, Postgraduate Programme, Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, INDONESIA&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;Biochemistry Department, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Arbil Governorate, Iraqi Kurdistan, IRAQ.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;10&lt;/sup&gt;College of Engineering (Chemical), Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Jalan Purnama, Bandar Seri Alam, Masai, Johor, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;11&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Scientific Research, V. M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems, Moscow, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;12&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Ural State Agrarian University, Yekaterinburg, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;13&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Scientific Research, Russian State Agrarian University, Moscow, RUSSIAN FEDERATION&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;14&lt;/sup&gt;Russian State Social University, Moscow, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;15&lt;/sup&gt;K.G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technologies and Management (the First Cossack University), Moscow, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;16&lt;/sup&gt;Center for Advanced Material Processing, Artificial Intelligence, and Biophysic Informatics (CAMP-BIOTICS), Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;17&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Informatics Engineering, Faculty of Computer Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, INDONESIA&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Asri Dwi Endah Dewi Pramesthi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Endang Lukitaningsih</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agung Endro Nugroho</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Potential Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics (PK-PD) Drug-Herbs Interactions (DHI) from Metformin and Traditional Medicines: A Literature Review</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">235-244</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Metformin given together with herbs in order to optimizing its mechanism of actions. The effect might be positive and vice versa. Interaction might occur pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamically. The study aimed to review potential interaction of metformin and some herbs with various pharmacological activities. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This literature review was conducted by collecting articles with keywords Metformin, Herb-drug Interaction, drug interaction, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacology from international databases such as Science Direct, PubMed, Springer Link, and Scopus up to 2021.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Metformin with its various uses such as antidiabetic agent, an agent for reducing weight for patients that sensitive or even resistant to insulin, patients with obesity, anti-tumor agent, anti-cancer potential agent, and also has anti-aging potential. Metformin could interacted with drugs, herbs, and also some bioactive isolate. The interaction might occurs pharmacokinetically or pharmacodynamically. Pharmacokinetics interactions occurred during distribution and also excretion via transporters that metformin transported with. This was shown as the elevated or lowered metformin levels in blood. Pharmacodynamic interactions can be seen as the lowering or elevated levels of glucose, HbA&lt;sub&gt;1c &lt;/sub&gt;and even the lipid profile in blood or plasma.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;: According to this literature review, Metformin have potential interaction with drugs, herbs, and also some bioactive isolate. The interactions occur pharmacokinetically or pharmacodynamically. This study can be used as a established familiarity with and understanding the potential HDIs from Metformin and herbal products.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;/strong&gt; Drug-Herbs Interactions (DHIs), Metformin, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Review Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">235</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Asri Dwi Endah Dewi Pramesthi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Endang Lukitaningsih&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Agung Endro Nugroho&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;,*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Master Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip, Utara, Yogyakarta, 55281, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nur Sofiatul Aini</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arif Nur Muhammad Ansori</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Viol Dhea Kharisma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Farraz Syadzha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Hermawan Widyananda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ahmad Affan Ali Murtadlo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rasyadan Taufiq Probojati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Md. Emdad Ullah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sin War Naw</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vikash Jakhmola</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rahadian Zainul</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Potential Roles of Purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) as Antimetabolic Syndrome: A Review</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Body weight</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Insulin resistance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Metabolic syndrome</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Obesity.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Portulaca oleracea</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">710-714</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;The number of cases of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is part of the metabolic syndrome case. Purslane (&lt;em&gt;Portulaca oleracea&lt;/em&gt; L.) is a plant that has been clinically tested and has the potential to prevent and treat metabolic syndrome as well as pathogenic and pathophysiological activities that cause disease. The aim of this study is to discuss and conclude information regarding the activity and use of purslane (&lt;em&gt;P. oleracea&lt;/em&gt;) as an antimetabolic. This review article is based on scientific publications found on Google Scholar and PubMed databases using the keywords of “Portulaca obesity”, “&lt;em&gt;Portulaca &lt;/em&gt;overweight”, “Portulaca dyslipidemia”, and “&lt;em&gt;Portulaca&lt;/em&gt; metabolic syndrome”. This plant acts on numerous pathways in the metabolic syndrome such as reduction of lipids, blood sugar, body weight and total cholesterol. Purslane (&lt;em&gt;P. oleracea&lt;/em&gt;) can be used as a candidate for a new herbal plant as an anti-metabolic syndrome.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Review Article</style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">30</style></accession-num><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">710</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nur Sofiatul Aini&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Arif Nur Muhammad Ansori&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Viol Dhea Kharisma&lt;sup&gt;3,4&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Farraz Syadzha&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Hermawan Widyananda&lt;sup&gt;3,4&lt;/sup&gt;, Ahmad Affan Ali Murtadlo&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Rasyadan Taufiq Probojati&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Md. Emdad Ullah&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Sin War Naw&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Vikash Jakhmola&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;, Rahadian Zainul&lt;sup&gt;8,9,*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, State University of Surabaya, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Professor Nidom Foundation, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Brawijaya University, Malang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Division of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Generasi Biologi Indonesia Foundation, Gresik, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, UNITED STATES.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Myitkyina University, Myitkyina, MYANMAR.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;Center for Advanced Material Processing, Artificial Intelligence, and Biophysic Informatics (CAMPBIOTICS), Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deepika NP</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shyamala Baragur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mudavath Ravi Naik</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shanker Kalakotla</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhasina KM</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Puja Ghosh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Basavan Duraiswamy</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Preparation of Karkataka Taila, an Edible crab Rasayana, and assessment of its toxicological effects on SH-SY5Y cell line and on Drosophila melanogaster embryos</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Drosophila melanogaster</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rasayana</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SH-SY5Y</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toxicology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Virgin coconut oil.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">423-431</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Karkataka Taila (KT) is a virgin coconut oil (VCO) based Rasayana formulation that is enriched with the flesh of freshwater edible crab, &lt;em&gt;Scylla serrata, &lt;/em&gt;used to treat Parkinson’s Disease (PD) or Kampavata by local Ayurveda practitioners of Kerala state. There is no scientific study carried out on its toxicological effects so far. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To understand the ayurvedic preparation method for KT and assessment of the toxicological effects of the KT and VCO on SH-SY5Y cell lines and&lt;em&gt; Drosophila melanogaster&lt;/em&gt; embryos. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The SH-SY5Y cell lines treated with different concentrations of KT and VCO range from 6.25 μg/ml to 100 μg/ml and&lt;em&gt; Drosophila melanogaster &lt;/em&gt;embryos fed with food containing different concentrations of KT and VCO, ranging from 0.005 % to 10 %. &lt;strong&gt;Results&lt;/strong&gt;: KT and VCO did not show any significant cytotoxicity effect on SH-SY5Y cell lines up to a dose concentration of 25 μg. But, at 50 μg and 100 μg concentrations, KT has shown a cytotoxic effect and it was higher than the VCO. The toxicological analysis in &lt;em&gt;Drosophila&lt;/em&gt; has shown that the survival rate of the KT treated group at concentration ranges from 0.005 % to 10 % is significantly decreased from 78.8 % to 27.7 %, compared to the control group, whereas in VCO treated group, at 0.005 % to 10 %, the survival rate has decreased from 76.2 % to 66 %, which is marginally higher than the KT treated group. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Our findings revealed that as the concentration of Rasayana in the medium increases, there is a noticeable adverse effect on the percentage viability in SH-SY5Y cell lines and in the number of offspring in &lt;em&gt;Drosophila. &lt;/em&gt;The effect of vehicle, VCO, at the same concentration has shown a protective effect on cell lines and flies. It can be concluded that the toxic effect has been observed only at higher concentrations of KT and at the lower concentration, the toxic effect has been minimal.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article </style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">25</style></accession-num><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">423</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Deepika NP&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Shyamala Baragur&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Mudavath Ravi Naik&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Shanker Kalakotla&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhasina KM&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Puja Ghosh&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Basavan Duraiswamy&lt;sup&gt;*,1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Ooty, 643001, The Nilgiris, Tamilnadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Zoology, University of Mysore, Mysore, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Ooty, 643001, The Nilgiris, Tamilnadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adrian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">RA Syahputra</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sukirman Lie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SE Nugraha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PC Situmorang</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amelioration of Cisplatin-Induced Kidney Injury by Pometia pinnata</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cisplatin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kidney injury</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pometia pinnata</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1257-1268</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Cisplatin is one of the most effective anticancer drugs. But using cisplatin can cause very serious nephrotoxicity and acute kidney injury (AKI). Pometia pinnata (PE) or commonly referred to as matoa is a typical plant, especially Papua, Indonesia. Pometia pinnata belongs to the Sapindaceae family. This study aimed to determined the nephroprotective activity of the extract ethanol pometia pinnata on rats induced cisplatin. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;30 rats are divided into six groups, each group were contained 5 rats. Group I was a normal group which rats only given CMC (carboxy methyl celluloce). Group II was a negative group which rats injected 7 mg / kgbw of Cisplatin in day 3. Group III was a positive group which rats given vitamin C 1% from day 1 to 7 and in day 3 rats were injected cisplatin. Group IV-VI were extract groups (100 mg / kgbb, 200 mg / kgb, 400 mg / kgbb) which rats orally given extract from day 1 to 7 and in day 3 rats were injected cisplatin. On day 8 rats were injected ketamine 1% which directly took the blood from the heart. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The result shows that EEPE on rats biochemical parameters including urea, creatinine, uric acid. Group II showed that there was a significant increase (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; &amp;lt;0.05) compared to the normal group that was not given cisplatin and extracts. Whereas in the group given the extract in groups IV, V, and VI there was a reduction in biochemical parameters because the Pometia leaf extract had high antioxidant activity so that it had nephroprotective activity. extract ethanol pometia pinnata can reduced the level of sodium, potassium and chloride of each group after receiving cisplatin. Statistically group II that only given cisplatin has significantly different with group I (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0,05) and also statically different with group VI (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0,05).&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1257</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Adrian&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, RA Syahputra&lt;sup&gt;2,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Sukirman Lie&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, SE Nugraha&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, PC Situmorang&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Prima Indonesia, Sumatera Utara, Medan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Sumatera Utara, Medan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Akademi Keperawatan Colombia Asia, Sumatera Utara, Medan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Sumatera Utara, Medan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karnirius Harefa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Delmi Sulastri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ellyza Nasrul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Syafruddin Ilyas</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analysis of Several Inflammatory Markers Expression in Obese Rats given Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng Ethanol Extract</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">immunohistochemistry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Obese</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rats</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">172-178</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Oxidative stress is one of the inflammatory events caused by obesity. This condition is characterized by an increase in various inflammatory markers, such as intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), and a cluster of differentiation 40 (CD40). This study aimed to analyze the effect of Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng ethanol extract on ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and CD40 in obese rats. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The study used a pure experimental method with a completely randomized design. There were 6 groups, namely, C− (negative control), C+ (positive control), CMC (soluble control), EE300 (P. amboinicus ethanol extract, 300 mg/kg body weight [BW]), EE600 (P. amboinicus ethanol extract, 600 mg/kg BW) and EE900 groups (P. amboinicus ethanol extract, 900 mg/kg BW). &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The results showed low levels of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in the blood plasma, especially in the EE900 group, but the difference was not substantial. The same trend also occurred in the expression of CD40 in the tunica intima layer of the rat aorta. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; Thus, the administration of 900 mg/kg BW P. amboinicus ethanol extract for 45 days has the potential to treat obesity in rats through the suppression of oxidative stress and inflammatory markers (ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and CD40).&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">172</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Karnirius Harefa&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Delmi Sulastri&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ellyza Nasrul&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Syafruddin Ilyas&lt;sup&gt;2,&lt;/sup&gt;* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Study Programme of Biomedic, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas, Padang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences,Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liudmyla Zotsenko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nataliia Nuzhyna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Viktoria Kyslychenko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oksana Futorna</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anatomical and Ultrastructure Differences Between Some Species of the Genus Elsholtzia Willd. of Flora of Ukraine</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elsholtzia ciliate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elsholtzia stauntonii</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leaf anatomy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Petal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Petiole</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stem</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">977-987</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Elsholtzia&lt;/em&gt; species are very popular in Chinese, Tibetan and Vietnamese folk medicine to treat several diseases. Despite the wide range of biological activity and the study of the chemical composition of individual species, the microscopic characteristics of plants of this genus are insufficiently studied. In the article the anatomical structure of two species &lt;em&gt;Elsholtzia &lt;/em&gt;Willd. of flora of Ukraine is represented. The sources of literature provide only a morphological description of &lt;em&gt;Elsholtzia&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;stauntonii&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Elsholtzia ciliate.&lt;/em&gt; We analyzed crosssections and ultrastructure of leaf blade, petiole, petal and stem, determined their anatomical features, and investigated the ultrastructure of seeds. We have compared the obtained data between this two species of this genus that grow on the territory of Ukraine under similar conditions. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Microscopic analysis was carried out by the well-known methods using the microscope XSP-146TR and ImageJ program. Anatomical structure of &lt;em&gt;Elsholtzia stauntonii&lt;/em&gt; Benth. and&lt;em&gt; Elsholtzia&lt;/em&gt; ciliate Thun. are studied and main diagnostic features are highlighted. The ultrastructure of the surface of the epidermal tissue of leaves, stems and seeds were studied additionally, using scanning microscopy methods. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The diagnostic microscopic distinguishing features of &lt;em&gt;E. ciliate &lt;/em&gt;raw material from &lt;em&gt;E. stauntonii &lt;/em&gt;are: the presence of small glandular triсhomes, singly placed on the veins and the presence of long non glandular triсhomes on the central vein of abaxial side. Non glandular triсhomes of &lt;em&gt;E. ciliate &lt;/em&gt;are three times longer compared to another investigated species. The presence of numerous triсhomes and massive clusters of stem sclerenchyma &lt;em&gt;E. stauntonii &lt;/em&gt;can be considered additional taxonomic criteria for comparing the studied species.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The practical significance of our research will use to develop of quality control methods for medicinal herbal raw material – «Herba &lt;em&gt;Elsholtziae&lt;/em&gt; Stauntonii», «Herba &lt;em&gt;Elsholtziae &lt;/em&gt;ciliate».&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">977</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Liudmyla Zotsenko&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Nataliia Nuzhyna&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Viktoria Kyslychenko&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Oksana Futorna&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;State Laboratory of Quality Control of Medicines, State Institution, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, UKRAINE.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;NSC &quot;Institute of Biology and Medicine&quot; Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, UKRAINE.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;National University of Pharmacy, Department of Chemistry of Natural Compounds, Kharkiv, UKRAINE.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hlapisi N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maliehe TS</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oluwafemi OS</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Songca SP</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Linganiso L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Motaung TE</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial Activities of Cationic Porphyrins and Porphyrin Encapsulated Gold Nanorods on Bacterial Cell Lines</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimicrobial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bacteria</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Porphyrin</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1086-1096</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Bacterial infections form part of the major causes of mortality and morbidity around the world more especially in developing and under-developed countries. Cationic porphyrins have been reported to display better efficacy in antimicrobial photodynamic therapy activity. The purpose of this study was to synthesise the cationic porphyrins; (TAP) and (TPyP) and evaluate their pharmacokinetics and metabolic interactions with the DNA gyrase subunit A. The antibacterial activity of the nano-conjugates was evaluated against &lt;em&gt;Staphylococcus aureus &lt;/em&gt;(ATCC 25925), &lt;em&gt;Enterococcus faecalis &lt;/em&gt;(ATCC 29212) and &lt;em&gt;Klebsiella pneumoniae&lt;/em&gt; (ATCC 4352) using the micro-dilution assay without light. AutoDock Vina was used to assess the molecular interactions between ligands and the DNA gyrase subunit A. The SwissADME online tool was used to assess the pharmacokinetic properties of the nano-conjugates, while the ADMETlab online tool was used to assess the ability to inhibit the hERG gene, human hepatotoxicity and mutagenicity. The test nano-conjugates showed broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against all tested bacterial strains with the MIC values in a range of 0.42 ± 0.1 to2.6 ± 0.7 mg/ml. The nano-conjugates revealed good molecular interaction with DNA gyrase subunit A with their binding free energy in the range of -8.3 to -8.7 kcal/ mol. They are predicted to be P-glycoprotein (P-gp) substrates, able to penetrate the blood-brain barrier and non-inhibitors of cytochrome P450 (CYP) isomers (CYP 2C19, CYP 2C9 and CYP 2D6). Both nanoconjugates have the potential to cause cardiotoxic and mutagenic effects but not hepatotoxic effects. The results show that the synthesized compounds have the potential as anti-bacterial PDT agents.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1086</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hlapisi N&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Maliehe TS&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Oluwafemi OS&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Songca SP&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Linganiso L&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Motaung TE&lt;sup&gt;4,5&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, University of Zululand, Private Bag X 1001, KwaDlangezwa 3886, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein Campus, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa, Centre for Nanomaterials Science Research, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, University of KwaZulu Natal, Private Bag X 54001, Durban 4000, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, School of Science in the College of Science Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa, Preller Street, Muckleneuk Ridge, City of Tshwane, P.O. Box 392, UNISA 0003.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Sefako Makgatho Health Science University, P.O. Box 94, Medunsa, 0204, South Africa&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohammad Al-Hamwi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maha Aboul-Ela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdalla El-Lakany</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salam Nasreddine</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anticancer Activity of Micromeria fruticosa and Teucrium polium Growing in Lebanon</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nil</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">103-109</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;The anticancer activities of two Lebanese plant extract&lt;em&gt; Micromeria fruticose &lt;/em&gt;(A) and &lt;em&gt;Teucrium polium &lt;/em&gt;(B) and their fractions were tested against MCF7 and A549 cancer cell lines using MTT assay. Separation was carried out through column chromatography and TLC analysis. Results showed that both plants possess a promising and dose dependent inhibitory activity with IC50of extract A 28.52 and 26.47 μg/ml on MCF7 and A549 cells respectively, and that of extract B was 41 and 27.9 μg/ml on MCF7 and A549 cell lines, respectively. More interestingly, combination treatment with either extracts A or B and cisplatin, significantly boosted the cytotoxic effect of cisplatin against the two cancer cell lines. Further studies are recommended to determine the active components in both plants responsible for these activities and explore their interactions at molecular level.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">103</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mohammad Al-Hamwi&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Maha Aboul-Ela&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Abdalla El-Lakany&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Salam Nasreddine&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon, P.O. 11 5020, Beirut, LEBANON.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Group A nti-Cancer Therapeutic Approaches (ACTAC), Laboratory Rammal Rammal, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, LEBANON.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zahra Fadhilah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berna Elya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heri Setiawan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gumilar Adhi Nugroho</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Febrika Wediasari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eem Masaenah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Varda Arianti</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antidiabetic Activity and Phytochemical Constituents of Syzygium cumini Leave in Kadipaten, Central Java Indonesia, Indonesia</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-hyperglicemic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fasting blood glucose</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Syzigium cumini</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1502-1508</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Ethnomedicaly, jamblang (java plum) has been used as antidiabetic treatment in Dayak Tribe. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and the safety of the jamblang leaf extract as an antidiabetic. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;Evaluate Effecticity of &lt;em&gt;Syzigium cumini&lt;/em&gt; (java plum) as anti-diabetic herb. &lt;strong&gt;Method&lt;/strong&gt;: The antidiabetic activity test, used an animal model which gaven food a high fat diet High Fat Diet (HFD) then it was induced with Streptozotocin injected intraperitoneally. The subjects used in the study were male rats (&lt;em&gt;Ratus novergicus&lt;/em&gt;) Sprague-Dawley strain. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Oral administration of jamblang extract has anti hyperglycemic activity through decrease of fasting blood glucose point significantly (dose 1, 50mg/ Kg Bw p: &amp;lt;0.0001, dose 2, 100 mg/Kg BW p: &amp;lt;0.0001).&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1502</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Zahra Fadhilah, Berna Elya*, Heri Setiawan, Gumilar Adhi Nugroho, Febrika Wediasari, Eem Masaenah, Varda Arianti&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, West Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Charlotte Mungho Tata</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Constance Rufaro Sewani-Rusike</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olukayode Aremu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Opeoluwa Oyehan Oyedeji</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Benedicta Ngwenchi Nkeh-Chungag</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antihypertensive Effects of Osteospermum Imbricatum in Two Hypertensive Rat Models</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">High blood pressure</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nω-Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spontaneously hypertensive rats</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">744-751</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Osteospermum imbricatum &lt;/em&gt;is used traditionally in Eastern Cape, South Africa for the management of hypertension, chest and stomach complaints. This study was aimed at investigating the antioxidant and antihypertensive effects of this plant. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Antioxidant capacity was determined by radical scavenging assays and ferric reducing antioxidant power. Antihypertensive effects after once off treatment with the leaf/root extracts (500 mg/kg) were evaluated in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). The effect of the extracts on established hypertension was determined in Wistar rats treated with Nω-Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) (40 mg/kg/day) for 4 weeks followed by co-treatment with L-NAME and extracts (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg) or amlodipine (5 mg/kg) or normal saline for 4 more weeks. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The concentration at which there was 50 % inhibition (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;) of DPPH radical by the extracts was lower for the leaf extract (0.79 mg/mL) compared to the root extract (1.15 mg/mL). The leaf extract significantly (p&amp;lt;0.01) decreased systolic and diastolic blood pressures in both rat models. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The extracts of &lt;em&gt;Omsteospermum imbricatu&lt;/em&gt; have moderate antioxidants and antihypertensive properties.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">744</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Charlotte Mungho Tata&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Constance Rufaro Sewani- Rusike&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Olukayode Aremu&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Opeoluwa Oyehan Oyedeji&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Benedicta Ngwenchi Nkeh- Chungag&lt;sup&gt;3,&lt;/sup&gt;*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha 5117, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Fort Hare, PBX1314 Alice, 5700 Eastern Cape Province, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha 5117, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Budiastuti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rosy Dwi Nurcholida</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Riesta Primaharinastiti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sukardiman</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Cinnamon Bark Oil (Cinnamomum burmannii (Nees &amp; T. Nees) Blume from Lombok Timur Indonesia</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cinnamomum burmannii</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Immunohistochemical staining</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inflammatory cells</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Metabolites profile</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TNF-α</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1005-1013</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Research related to alternative medicine from natural ingredients that can relieve the effects of inflammation is important, especially to reduce the unwanted side effects of antiinflammatory drugs. &lt;em&gt;Cinnamomum burmannii&lt;/em&gt; (Nees &amp;amp; T. Nees) Blume is a native Indonesian species which contains essential oils and reported for its anti-inflammatory effect. Therefore, this research was conducted to determine the metabolite profile and anti-inflammatory effect of essential oil from the bark of&lt;em&gt; C. burmannii &lt;/em&gt;(CBO) from Lombok Timur Regency. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The metabolite profile of CBO was determined using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectra (GCMS). The anti-inflammatory test was conducted used male Wistar rats. A total of 30 male rats were divided into 5 groups, each group consisting of 6 rats. Rats were injected with carrageenan 1%/100μl/paw which had previously been given oral CBO at a dose of 30, 60, 90 mg/kg BW. Paw swelling was measured at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 hours after injection. The volume of edema was measured and the animals were sacrificed. The left leg was cut and preserved as material for Hematoxylin Eosin (HE) and Immunohistochemistry (IHC) preparations. The variables taken were the percentage of inhibition edema, the number of inflammatory cells by HE and the amount of TNF-α by IHC staining.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The results showed that there was a difference between negative control and positive control in the number of inflammatory cells and TNF-α observed in rat’s paw edema. The number was less in the positive control. Likewise, when administering CBO (60 mg/kg BW and 90 mg/kg BW) the number of inflammatory cells and TNF-α was lower than the negative control. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;It can be concluded that CBO from Lombok Timur can be used as a natural anti-inflammatory agent.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1005</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Budiastuti&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Rosy Dwi Nurcholida&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Riesta Primaharinastiti&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sukardiman&lt;sup&gt;2,&lt;/sup&gt;*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Doctoral Program Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Afriwardi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rahmatul Nazmi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dwisari Dillasamola</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elsa Badriyya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yufri Aldi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-inflammatory Activity of Pegagan Embun (Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam.) Plant Extract on Topical Application</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-inflammatory</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Exudate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gel</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ketoprofen</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leukocytes</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">411-417</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Pegagan embun (&lt;em&gt;Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides&lt;/em&gt; Lam.) is traditionally known to have many benefits, including anti-inflammatory.&lt;strong&gt; Aims:&lt;/strong&gt; This study aimed to determine the activity of ethanol extract of Pegagan Embun as an anti-inflammatory using the granuloma pouch method. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; This experiment used 25 male white mice and were divided into five groups, namely, the positive control group, &lt;em&gt;Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides &lt;/em&gt;Lam. extract group with concentration 0.5%; 1%; 2%, and the comparison group that given Kaltrofen® gel containing 2.5% ketoprofen. Experimental animals were given carrageenan 2% to induced the inflammation subcutaneously. The dosage form was given as much as 0.2 g topically for four days once a day. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Based on the results of one-way ANOVA analysis and Duncan's test, there were significant differences in exudate volume and total leukocytes (p&amp;lt;0.05) in the positive control group, extract with concentration 0.5%, 1%, 2%, and the comparator. While the percentage of leukocyte cells showed that they were not significantly different (p&amp;gt;0.05), the number of neutrophil cells decreased. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; From the overall data obtained, it can be concluded that the extract of &lt;em&gt;Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides&lt;/em&gt; Lam. at concentration 0.5 %; 1%; 2%, has an anti-inflammatory effect.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">411</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Afriwardi&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Rahmatul Nazmi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Dwisari Dillasamola&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Elsa Badriyya&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Yufri Aldi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, Andalas University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Joseph M Kathare</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">James M Mbaria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Joseph M Nguta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gervason A Moriasi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alfred O Mainga</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimicrobial Efficacy, Cytotoxicity, Acute Oral Toxicity, and Phytochemical Investigation of the Aqueous and Methanolic Stem Bark Extracts of Bridellia micrantha (Hochst.) Baill</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brine shrimp lethality Assay</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Median lethal concentration (LC50)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">median lethal dose (LD50)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Minimum inhibitory concentration</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zone of Inhibition</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1248-1256</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Microbial infections cause high morbidity and mortality in humans globally. Antimicrobial resistance, emergence of new strains, high costs of antibiotics, inaccessibility-especially in remote areas, and adverse effects, impede successful eradications of pathogens, hence the need for novel strategies. &lt;em&gt;Bridellia micrantha&lt;/em&gt; is used in traditional medicine to treat microbial infections; however, it has not been empirically validated.&lt;strong&gt; Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Antimicrobial activity of the aqueous and methanolic stem bark extracts of &lt;em&gt;Bridellia micrantha&lt;/em&gt; was investigated using the disk diffusion and broth microdilution techniques, described by the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. The brine shrimp lethality assay technique was used to investigate the cytotoxic effects of the studied plant extracts in exposed nauplii. Acute oral toxicity effects of the studied plant extracts in Winstar rats were investigated following the up-and-down procedure described by the Organisation for Economic Development and Co-operation (OECD). Qualitative phytochemical screening was performed following standard procedures. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The aqueous and methanolic extract of B. micrantha indicated varied antimicrobial activities against &lt;em&gt;E. coli, S. typhimurium, S. aureus,&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;C. albicans,&lt;/em&gt; with inhibition zones ranging from 6.00mm to 19.00mm. Furthermore, the studied plant extracts exhibited low MIC values (≤100 μg/ml) on selected microbes. Since the MIC values were much lower than 1000μg/ml (the cutoff for antimicrobial efficacy appraisal), it is anticipated that, the studied plant extracts can be strong antibiotics. The aqueous and methanolic stem bark extracts of &lt;em&gt;B. micrantha&lt;/em&gt; were cytotoxic to brine shrimp nauplii, with LC50 values of 486.67±3.15 μg/ml and 458.33±2.87 μg/ml, respectively; however, these extracts did not elicit any observable signs of toxicity in rat models. Pharmacologically active phytochemicals, including flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, phenols, and anthraquinones were detected in the two studied extracts.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; The aqueous and methanolic stem bark extracts of &lt;em&gt;B. micrantha&lt;/em&gt; have appreciable antimicrobial activity against &lt;em&gt;E. coli, S. typhimurium, S. aureus&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;C. albicans&lt;/em&gt;. Besides, the studied plant extracts are cytotoxic to brine shrimp nauplii; but they do not cause acute oral toxicity effects in rat models. Additionally, the studied plant extracts contain bioactive phytochemicals, with antimicrobial activity.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1248</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Joseph M. Kathare&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, James M. Mbaria&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Joseph M. Nguta&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Gervason A. Moriasi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Alfred O. Mainga&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Public Health, Pharmacology, and Toxicology, College of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 29053- 00625, Nairobi, KENYA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Mount Kenya University, P.O. 342-01000, Thika, KENYA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">L S Ngidi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">C I Nxumalo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J S Shandu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">T S Maliehe</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">K Rene</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant, Anti-quorum Sensing and Cytotoxic Properties of the Endophytic Pseudomonas aeruginosa CP043328.1 's Extract</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-quorum sensing activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemical composition</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytotoxicity assay</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pseudomonas aeruginosa CP043328.1</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">332-340</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Novel bioactive compounds are in high demand to combat challenges of microbial resistance. In recent years, secondary metabolites from endophytic bacteria have drawn attention from researchers due to their novel structures and significant biological activities. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; This study aimed at extracting secondary metabolites from endophytic &lt;em&gt;Pseudomonas aeruginosa&lt;/em&gt; CP043328.1 from &lt;em&gt;Anredera cordifolia&lt;/em&gt; leaves for their biological activities. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The anti-SMASH was used to predict the biosynthetic gene clusters of &lt;em&gt;P. aeruginosa &lt;/em&gt;CP043328.1. The bacteria was resuscitated on Nutrient agar. Ethyl acetate was used to extract the secondary metabolites. Chemical composition of the secondary metabolites was evaluated using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and 2, 2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) methods were used to analyze the scavenging activity. Anti-quorum sensing activity was investigated using &lt;em&gt;Chromobacterium violacuem &lt;/em&gt;ATCC 12472 as the biological indicator. Cytotoxicity assay was performed using a tetrozolium-based columetric (MTT) assay. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The bacterium has 12 gene clusters that encode for secondary metabolites. The extract revealed 15 volatile constituents with diisooctyl phthalate (50.51%) and [1, 2, 4] oxadiazole, 5-benzyl-3 (10.44%) being the major compounds. The extract revealed scavenging capabilities with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of 0.625 mg/ml for DPPH and 0.15 mg/ml for ABTS. It displayed anti-quorum sensing activity with 88% violacein inhibition at 3.31 mg/ml. According to MTT assay, the extract was found to be safe for use up to 2000 μg/mL. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;em&gt; &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;P. aeruginosa &lt;/em&gt;CP043328.1 shows a potential use as a source of pharmacologically important metabolites.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">332</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;L. S. Ngidi&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, C. I. Nxumalo&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, J. S. Shandu&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, T.S. Maliehe&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, K. Rene&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Zululand, Private Bag X1001, KwaDlangezwa 3886, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Discipline of Medical Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu- Natal, Private Bag X 54001, Durban 4000, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Justil-Guerrero Hugo Jesús</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chávez-Flores Juana Elvira</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cárdenas-Orihuela Robert Armando</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ramos- Jaco Antonio Guillermo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ñañez-del-Pino Daniel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vásquez-Quispe Ángel David</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rojas-Cardenas Nathalie Felicita</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fernández-Flores Nélber</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant Capacity and Protective Effect of Aqueous and Hydroalcoholic Extracts of Senecio rhizomatus Rusby &quot;Llancahuasi&quot; on Erythrocytes Subjected to Oxidative Stress</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lipoperoxidation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plasma membrane redox system</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reactive Oxygen Species</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reduced glutathione</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">516-527</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective. &lt;/strong&gt;To evaluate the antioxidant capacity and protective effect of aqueous and hydroalcoholic extracts of &lt;em&gt;Senecio rhizomatus&lt;/em&gt; Rusby in rat erythrocytes subjected to oxidative stress with hydrogen peroxide (H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;). &lt;strong&gt;Methodology.&lt;/strong&gt; This study used an experimental design. The extracts were obtained through maceration with 96° ethanol (SeR96), 70° ethanol (SeR70), 50° ethanol (SeR50) and through infused water (SeRAc). Secondary metabolites were identified through colorimetric reactions and precipitation. In each extract, we could determine the capacity to eliminate 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH), the reduction of ferric ion and the total polyphenol content. In addition, the activity on the plasma membrane redox system (PMRS) was evaluated in each extract. The protection against oxidative stress in erythrocytes was evaluated by determining the content of reduced glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA). &lt;strong&gt;Results.&lt;/strong&gt; Alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, sesquiterpene lactones and sugars were identified in all the extracts. The total polyphenols content showed a correlation with the reduction of ferric ion (r=0.885) and with DPPH radicals elimination (r = -0.899), where the one with the highest antioxidant capacity was SeR50. Thus, the SeR50 (all concentrations) and SeR70 (100 μg/mL concentration) significantly increased the PMRS activity compared to the control group. After inducing oxidative stress in erythrocytes, all the extracts maintained the GSH level and inhibited MDA formation significantly compared to the H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; group. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion.&lt;/strong&gt; The antioxidant capacity of hydroalcoholic extracts (96°, 70°, 50°) and aqueous infusion of &lt;em&gt;Senecio rhizomatus &lt;/em&gt;Rusby is related to the content of polyphenols. They increase the plasma membrane redox system activity in rat erythrocytes and protect them from oxidative stress induced with H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, showing an increase in the concentration of reduced glutathione and a decrease in malondialdehyde.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">516</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Justil-Guerrero Hugo Jesús&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Chávez-Flores Juana Elvira&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Cárdenas-Orihuela Robert Armando&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ramos-Jaco Antonio Guillermo&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ñañez-del-Pino Daniel&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Vásquez-Quispe Ángel David&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Rojas-Cardenas Nathalie Felicita&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Fernández-Flores Nélber&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad Norbert Wiener, PERÚ.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anton Bahtiar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Putri Sagita Utami</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Melati Raisa Noor</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Antioxidant Effects of the Ethanolic Extract of Binahong Leaves Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction Rat Model</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anredera cordifolia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Binahong</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chronic kidney injury</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">185-188</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Chronic kidney injury produced free radicals. In a previous study, the ethanolic extract of binahong leaves (&lt;em&gt;Anredera cordifolia&lt;/em&gt; (Ten.) Steenis) has a flavonoid content, quercetin, a protective free radical effect. This study aims to determine the impact of binahong leaves against chronic kidney damage in Sprague Dawley rats. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; To this end, we developed a chronic kidney injury animal model by Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction (UUO) method. We randomly divided rats into six groups. Group I is the Sham group; Group II is the negative control group; Group III is the positive control group (losartan 1.18 mg/kg BW); Group IV is Dose I of binahong leaves extract 75 mg/kg BW); Group V is Dose II binahong leaves extract 150 mg/kg BW); Group VI is Dose III binahong leaves extract 300 mg/kg BW). We administered losartan and binahong extracts on day 14 after UUO treatment. The plasma was examined for the superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme activity, catalase enzyme activity, and malondialdehyde (MDA). All statistical analyzes were processed using the Statistical Program of Social Sciences (SPSS) software for Windows, version 16. The measured values of the parameters were expressed in mean ± SD. The difference test between groups was evaluated by ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) followed by LSD (Least Significant Difference) with a degree of significance (p) &amp;lt;0.05 if the data distribution was normal and homogeneous. If the distribution of data is not normal and not homogeneous use non-parametric Kruskal Wallis analysis. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The results showed that UUO produced high MDA levels, whereas SOD activity and catalase activity were decreased compared with the Sham group. Administration of binahong extracts could reduce the MDA amount and increased the SOD and catalase activity. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Binahong leaves extracts showed antioxidant activity to prevent kidney injury in UUO model rats.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">185</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Anton Bahtiar*, Putri Sagita Utami, Melati Raisa Noor &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI Depok, 16424, West Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thanitsara Songtavisin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Benjamart Pratoomthai</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Warachin Gangnonngiw</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jarinyaporn Naowaboot</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Azadirachta indica (Neem) Water Leaf Extract Inhibits Melanin Production and Tyrosinase Activity in B16F10 Melanoma Cells</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Azadirachta indica</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hyperpigmentation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Melanin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Melanogenesis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tyrosinase</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1030-1035</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Abnormal melanin production can cause pigmentary disorder such as hyperpigmentation. Finding a potent medicinal plants that can prevent pigment disorder. Objective: This study was to investigate the potential of leaf extract from&lt;em&gt; Azadirachta indica&lt;/em&gt; var &lt;em&gt;siamensis valeton&lt;/em&gt; to inhibit melanin formation or melanogenesis. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;A.indica&lt;/em&gt; leaf extract was tested for phenolic and flavonoid content assay. Tests using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay were administered to determine the toxicity of &lt;em&gt;A.indica &lt;/em&gt;leaf extract in B16F10 melanoma cells. Melanin content and tyrosinase activity assays were used to determine the potential for the inhibition of melanogenesis. Data was analyzed using SPSS. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;It was found that &lt;em&gt;A.indica &lt;/em&gt;leaf extract per gram has a total phenolic content of 28.73 ± 0.30 mg gallic acid equivalents and flavonoid of 12.48 ± 0.00 mg rutin equivalent. In addition, we found that these herbal extracts decreased the melanin content and intracellular tyrosinase activity in B16F10 melanoma cells without any toxicity. This study suggested that the melanin content and intracellular tyrosinase activity in B16F10 melanoma cells were decreased without any cytotoxicity by the &lt;em&gt;A.indica&lt;/em&gt; leaf water extract. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The findings demonstrated that &lt;em&gt;A.indica&lt;/em&gt; leaf water extract inhibits melanin production through reducing tyrosinase activity. These results could be useful as a therapeutic treatment for skin hyperpigmentation disorders as well as an effective ingredient in whitening cosmetics.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1030</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Thanitsara Songtavisin&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Benjamart Pratoomthai&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Warachin Gangnonngiw&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Jarinyaporn Naowaboot&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Division of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Paholyothin Road, Klong Nueng, Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12121, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Basic Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Navamindradhiraj University, Thanon Samsen, Dusit District, Bangkok 10300, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Centex Shrimp, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Klong Nueng, Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12121, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sachin Neekhra</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Himani Awasthi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dharmchand Prasad Singh</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Beneficial Effects of Sambucus nigra in Chronic Stress-Induced Neurobehavioral and Biochemical Perturbation in Rodents</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Active avoidance response</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cold immobilization</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Footshock induced stress</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lipid profiles</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sambucus nigra</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sexual behaviour</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">155-161</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Stress is the causative factor for various diseases and disorders faced by the majority of the diseased population. The leaves of &lt;em&gt;Sambucus nigra&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;S. nigra&lt;/em&gt;) are attributed to neuropharmacological properties as per literature. Considering the above, the &lt;em&gt;S. nigra &lt;/em&gt;hydroalcoholic extract was tested for adaptogenic activity in animals.&lt;strong&gt; Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;The study deals with the evaluation of &lt;em&gt;S. nigra &lt;/em&gt;hydroalcoholic extract for adaptogenic activity using cold immobilization and footshock induced stress. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The &lt;em&gt;S. nigra &lt;/em&gt;hydroalcoholic extract (200 and 400 mg/kg) was administered to treatment groups 1 hour before footshock for 14 consecutive days and cold immobilization stress for 10 consecutive days, respectively. The current work was carrying out to investigate the adaptogenic activity of&lt;em&gt; S. nigra&lt;/em&gt; against footshock stress induced perturbations in behaviour (sexual behaviour, depression, and cognitive dysfunction). Suppressed male sexual behaviour, percentage active avoidance response and duration of immobility in footshock stress were used as the stress indices. Additionally, liver function (SGOT, SGPT, and ALP), lipid profiles (TC, TG, HDL, LDL, and VLDL) and differential leukocytes counts (neutrophils, eosinophils, lymphocyte, and monocyte) in cold immobilization stress were assessed in terms of stress indices. Diazepam (1 mg/kg) was served as the standard adaptogenic agent as per literature review for comparison.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; All these chronic stress-induced perturbations were reversed, dose-dependently by &lt;em&gt;S. nigra&lt;/em&gt; (2000 and 400 mg/kg) and diazepam (1 mg/kg). The dose group 400 mg/kg p.o. of &lt;em&gt;S. nigra&lt;/em&gt; hydroalcoholic extract for adaptogenic activity in cold immobilization and footshock induced stress method showed significant variation (P&amp;lt; 0.1) when is compared with the stress control group.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;S. nigra&lt;/em&gt; hydroalcoholic extract showed significant adaptogenic activity was indicated by qualitatively results comparable to diazepam, against a range of biochemical and behavioural perturbations induced by chronic stress.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">155</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sachin Neekhra&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Himani Awasthi&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Dharmchand Prasad Singh&lt;sup&gt;2 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Amity Institutes of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Near Malhaur Station, Gomati Nagar Extension, Lucknow (U.P.) – 226010, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;College of Pharmacy, SR Group of Institutions, Ambabai, Jhansi (U.P.) – 284002, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Titiek Sumarawati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chodidjah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Taufiqurrachman Nasihun</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Both Ethanol and Ethyl Acetate Curcuma Zedoaraia Extract was Capable of Inducing Cells Death in T47D Cell Line Culture</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acetyl acetate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Apoptosis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Curcuma zedoaria</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ethanol</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Necrosis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">T47D cell line</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">737-743</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Curcuma zedoaria&lt;/em&gt; (CZ) has been proven capable of inducing apoptosis in cells cancer. CZ extraction can be performed by ethanol and acetyl acetate as solvent. However, which one of these extracts is superior remains unclear.&lt;strong&gt; Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; This study aimed to investigate the difference potential effect of ethanol and acetyl CZ extract on apoptosis of T47D cell line. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; In this study 21 wells were assign into seven groups: control group (T47D); treatment groups consisting of group of ethanol CZ extract 46 (EtZ-46); group of ethanol CZ extract 23 (EtZ-23); group of ethanol CZ extract 11 (EtZ-11); and group of ethyl acetate CZ extract 111 (AcZ-111); group of ethyl acetate CZ extract 55 (AcZ-55); and group of ethyl acetate CZ extract 27 (AcZ-27). In T47D group only loaded with T47D cell line; in treatment groups aside from loaded with T47D cell line culture, also treated with ethanol or acetyl acetate CZ extract respectively. Concentration of T47D cell was 5 x 10&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt; T47D cells line in 100 μl suspension loaded on each well of 21 wells and kept in CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; incubator overnight. The apoptosis cells were measured after 48 hours post CZ treatment. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Post Hoc analysis indicated that the number of apoptosis cells in AcZ-111 was significant higher compared to that of other groups, p&amp;lt;0.05. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Acetyl acetate CZ extract treatment with dose 111 μg was capable of inducing apoptosis in T47D cell line superior than that of other groups including ethanol CZ extract.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">737</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Titiek Sumarawati&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Chodidjah&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Taufiqurrachman Nasihun&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Medical Faculty, Sultan Agung Islamic University, Central Java – 50112, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Anatomy, Medical Faculty, Sultan Agung Islamic University, Central Java – 50112, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry, Sultan Agung Islamic University, Semarang, Central Java – 50112, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">G. Narayanan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">K Prabhu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anath Bandhu Chaudhury</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mudiganti Ram Krishna Rao</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">V S Kalai Selvi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">N S Muthiah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sruthi Dinakar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cardioprotective Role of Partharishtam on Isopreterenol Induced Myocardial Infarction in Animal Model</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Catalase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Creatine phosphokinase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GSH</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Isoproterenol</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Myocardial Infarction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Partharishtam</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polyherbal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Propranolol</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SOD</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Troponin I</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Troponin T</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">591-595</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the key causes of high death rate globally. We report the cardio protective effect of an Ayurvedic polyherbal formulation Partharishtam on isoproterenol induced myocardial infarction on albino rats. Administration of Isoproterenol to normal albino rat triggers MI evident from the significant changes in key biomolecules tested in blood serum and cardiac tissues. The cardio protective role of Partharishtam was compared with a standard medicine, Propranolol on some of the known identifying markers of MI such as, Troponin I and T, creatine phosphokinase serum (CPK-S), creatine phosphokinase myoglobulin isozyme fraction (CPK-MB) and oxidative enzymes like super oxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH) and catalase. There was an appreciable decrease in the levels of Troponin 1 and T, CPK-S and CPK-MB after the treatment of Partharishtam on Isoproterenol induced MI rats. In vivo anti-oxidative enzyme studies also revealed the increase in the levels of SOD, GSH and catalase to near normalcy after the treatment of Partharishtam in MI rats, which is very much comparable to the commonly used drug Propranolol to treat MI patients. Histopathological analysis confirmed the cardio protective properties of Partharistham in rat model. We did not find any side effects or toxicity of Partharishtam when tested on the normal rats. Thus, polyherbal formulation Partharishtam could be considered as safe medicine for MI.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">591</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;G. Narayanan&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, K Prabhu&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Anath Bandhu Chaudhury&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Mudiganti Ram Krishna Rao&lt;sup&gt;4,&lt;/sup&gt;*, V S Kalai Selvi&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, N S Muthiah&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Sruthi Dinakar&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Research Scholar, Dept. of Anatomy, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Associate Professor, Dept of Anatomy, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Assistant Professor of Biology, Chair Department of Natural Sciences, Stillman College, P. O. Box. 1430, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, USA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Professor, Dept of Industrial Biotechnology, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Professor, Dept of Biochemistry, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Ayurvedic Physician, Kottakkal Arya Vaidhya Sala, Chennai, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ayun Dwi Astuti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Awaluddin Iwan Perdana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rosdiana Natzir</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Nasrum Massi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Subehan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gemini Alam</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Compound Analysis and Genetic Study of Selected Plectranthus scutellarioides Varieties from Indonesia</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coleus scutellarioides</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Densitometer</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FTIR</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GC-MS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">RbcL.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1516-1526</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Plectranthus scutellarioides &lt;/em&gt;is one of medicinal plants in Indonesia, which has several hundred varieties but only one is known by local people as medicine. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; Six varieties of &lt;em&gt;Plectranthus scutellarioides &lt;/em&gt;were analyzed for their total flavonoid content, chemical compound, and moleculer genetic. &lt;strong&gt;Methods&lt;/strong&gt;: TFCs were analyzed using AlCl3 colorimetric method, chemical compounds were identified using TLC-scanning densitometer, GC-MS, and FTIR, moleculer genetic were observed using DNA barcoding rbcL gene. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The TFCs of &lt;em&gt;trailing psycholeus,&lt;/em&gt; and flamingo varieties were higher than the other varieties. TLC-scanner densitometer showed that color &lt;em&gt;blaze dark star,&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;trailing psycholeus&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;trailing&lt;/em&gt; queen had similar profiles, as did &lt;em&gt;beale street, trailing &lt;/em&gt;rose, and flamingo. The GCMS results showed notable difference in &lt;em&gt;trailing psycholeus&lt;/em&gt; and trailing queen which have 2-oleoylglycerol and 9(E),11(E)-conjugated linoleic acid in larger amounts than others, respectively. Multivariate analysis of the FTIR spectra showed the closeness of all varieties, except for &lt;em&gt;beale street &lt;/em&gt;which had the lowest similarity with the others. Despite that, genetic studies using the rbcL gene and comparing the results with the &lt;em&gt;P. scutellarioides&lt;/em&gt; gene in the database (MW538954.1) showed&lt;em&gt; beale street&lt;/em&gt; was the most similar (99.52%). The phylogenetic analysis showed that &lt;em&gt;beale street&lt;/em&gt; and&lt;em&gt; trailing psycholeus&lt;/em&gt; have the highest similarity among others.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusions&lt;/strong&gt;: There is a slight difference in chemical composition between varieties as well as the genetic. Therefore, quality control or standardisation is needed in the use of this plant as a traditional medicine.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1516</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ayun Dwi Astuti&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Awaluddin Iwan Perdana&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Rosdiana Natzir&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Nasrum Massi&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Subehan&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Gemini Alam&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;,*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Medicinal Science, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, State Islamic University- Alauddin, Gowa 92118, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy- Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Urarat Nanna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Linda Chularojmontri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pholawat Tingpej</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rawiwun Kaewamatawong</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sudarat Homhual</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wanwisa Suwannaloet</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thanes Fuangfoo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jarinyaporn Naowaboot</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effect of Aporosa villosa Stem Ethanolic Extract on Adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aporosa villosa; Adipogenesis; Obesity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1422-1427</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background&lt;/strong&gt;: An excessive fat accumulation is related to development of obesity. Obesity is associated with the induction of insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus conditions. &lt;em&gt;Aporosa villosa &lt;/em&gt;is a plant that found in the Northern and Northeastern region of Thailand.&lt;strong&gt; Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;The present study used 3T3-L1 adipocytes for investigating the effect of &lt;em&gt;Aporosa villosa&lt;/em&gt; stem ethanolic extract (AS) on adipogenesis. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods&lt;/strong&gt;: 3T3-L1 adipocytes were used for measuring the cytotoxicity of AS at a concentration range of 3-100 μg/mL. After adipocyte cells treated with AS (3-100 μg/mL) for 8 days, the lipid accumulation was detected by Oil Red O staining and adipogenic gene expression were determined by quantitative real-time PCR. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;AS extracts (3-100 μg/mL) did not show cytotoxicity on cell proliferation. After 8 days of treating 3T3-L1 adipocytes with AS at doses of 3, 10, 30 and 100 μg/mL, the lipid droplets were reduced as compared to non-treated cells. Furthermore, the adipogenic genes were measured. The regulators of adipogenesis, CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α (C/EBPα), peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor γ (PPARγ) and sterol regulatory element binding protein 1c (SREBP1c) were found decreasing in AS extracts. The downstream target genes of these regulators cluster of differentiation (CD) 36, fatty acid synthase (FAS) and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) were also reduced by AS treatments. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; These findings indicate that AS extract has an inhibitory activity on adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes via suppressing C/EBPα, PPARγ and SREBP1c.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1422</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Urarat Nanna&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Linda Chularojmontri&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Pholawat Tingpej&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Rawiwun Kaewamatawong&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sudarat Homhual&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Wanwisa Suwannaloet&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Thanes Fuangfoo&lt;sup&gt;4 &lt;/sup&gt;&amp;nbsp;Jarinyaporn Naowaboot&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Preclinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani 12120, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, 34190, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, 34190, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Rangsit University, Pathum Thani 12120, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohammad Amil Zulhilmi Benjamin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shean Yeaw Ng</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fiffy Hanisdah Saikim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nor Azizun Rusdi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ethnobotany and Traditional Knowledge of Bamboos (Poaceae: Bambusoideae) in Asia and Their Applications in the Complementary and Alternative Medicine: A Review</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Asia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bambusoideae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Complementary and alternative medicine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ethnobotany</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Traditional knowledge.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1751-1762</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Plants are considered a great source of various herbal medicines in the treatment of certain diseases and ailments. There is a growing interest in the utilization of indigenous medicinal plants as the source for complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) due to the significant contribution of plant-based materials to the pharmaceutical field. Bambusoideae is a large grass family of Poaceae, comprising approximately 119 genera and 1482 described species. About 70% of the bamboo forests are covered throughout Asia. This study aims to provide an informative review of the ethnobotanical significance and traditional knowledge of medicinal plants belonging to the Bambusoideae. This review comprises informative data on medicinal plants, their uses, and parts used by indigenous people and native communities in Asian regions. In line with this review, bamboo has made significant contributions to the ethnobotanical field, specifically as therapeutics for specific diseases. Ethnobotanical data has also made a successful contribution to the CAM. Therefore, the present review on ethnobotany and traditional knowledge of bamboo is expected to have many benefits and could be a good starting point for future work in the pharmaceutical field, both locally and internationally.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Review Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1751</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mohammad Amil Zulhilmi Benjamin&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Shean Yeaw Ng&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Fiffy Hanisdah Saikim&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Nor Azizun Rusdi&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chandra Mohini Nemkul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gan B Bajracharya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hayato Maeda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ila Shrestha</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ethnomedicinal Knowledge Verification for the Antidiarrheal and Antioxidant Effects of Rhus chinensis Mill. Fruits with Identification of Thirty Constituents</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial susceptibility assay</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DPPH radical scavenging assay</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GC-MS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">total phenolic content</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">37-43</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Ethnobotanical survey in the rural villages in Nepal revealed that the fruits of&lt;em&gt; Rhus chinensis&lt;/em&gt; Mill. have been using for the treatment of diarrhea and dysentery. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To evaluate antimicrobial and antioxidant effects, and identification of chemical constituents in the fruits of &lt;em&gt;R. chinensis&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Phytochemical screening was performed on the hexane and 70% methanolic extracts of the sample followed by gas chromatographymass spectrometry (GC-MS). Total phenolic content (TPC) was estimated using Folin-Ciocalteu method. 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical and hydrogen peroxide scavenging assays were used to evaluate the antioxidant capacity. Antibacterial effect was estabilished by the Agar well diffusion assay. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 30 compounds belonging to phenolics, anhydrides, aldehydes, fatty acids and hydrocarbons were identified in the extracts. The TPC value of 123.52±1.29 mg GAE/g dry extract was estimated. IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value of 135.54±0.82 μg/mL was calculated in DPPH free radical scavenging assay. Scavenging of 42.69±0.1% DPPH free radical and 63.20±1.48% hydrogen peroxide at 100 μg/mL concentration of 70% methanolic extract were estimated. The maximum zone of inhibition (ZOI) observed was 23.00±0.57 mm against &lt;em&gt;Escherichia coli&lt;/em&gt; at loading dose of 5 mg of the extract.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;All together 30 compounds were identified in the fruits. The extracts efficiently inhibited the growth of &lt;em&gt;E. coli &lt;/em&gt;and &lt;em&gt;Shigella dysenteriae&lt;/em&gt; verifying the rural knowledge. At the same time, the extracts displayed efficient antioxidant activity. The phytochemicals identified were responsible for these activities.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">37</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Chandra Mohini Nemkul&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Gan B Bajracharya&lt;sup&gt;2,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Hayato Maeda&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Ila Shrestha&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Departement of Botany, Tri-Chandra Multiple Campus, Tribhuvan University, Ghantaghar, Kathmandu, NEPAL.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Science, Nepal Academy of Science and Technology, Khumaltar, Lalitpur, NEPAL.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki University, 3-Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8561, JAPAN.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Departement of Botany, Patan Multiple Campus, Tribhuvan University, Patandhoka, Lalitpur, NEPAL.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thanh Ha Tuan Nguyen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ngan Nguyen Hoang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Xuan Thanh Nguyen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Binh Nhu Do</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Son Trinh The</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evaluate the Effect of Herbal Extract Remedy for Treatment of Liver Cirrhosis in in-vitro</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CCl4</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liver cirrhosis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Silymarin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wistar Rats</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">XGTQ herbal extract</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">189-195</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objectives:&lt;/strong&gt; To evaluate the in-vitro effect of herbal extract recepies, namely XGTQ, in the treatment of liver cirrhosis that induced by Carbon tetrachloride (CCL4) in combination with alcohol and high-fat diet in rats. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Liver cirrhosis was induced by subcutaneously injecting CC14 (initial dose of 5,0ml/kg, followed by 1,2ml/kg twice a week in 10 weeks) in winstar rats. Then, fed with synthetic food, added 20% fat, and 0.05% cholesterol and iron oxalate. Rats were administered a day with fresh water and water mixed with 30% ethanol in another day. The rats were randomly divided into 5 groups and given distilled water (group 1 or control group and group 2 or cirrhosis group), silymarin (group 3 or reference group) or the herbal recipes, aka XGTQ, drug extract (group 4, 5) for 4 weeks. Blood was collected for biochemical test and livers were dissected to evaluate weight, morphology and quantified 4-hydroxyproline to evaluate fibrosis and collagen accumulation.&lt;strong&gt; Results: &lt;/strong&gt;In cirrhotic wistar rats, the XGTQ herbal drug at 19.6 g/kg/24h and 58.8 g/kg/24h showed the ability of reducing the level of enzymes AST, ALT in the blood (p&amp;lt;0.01), increasing plasma albumin and decreasing prothrobin time (p&amp;lt;0.05); improving physical condition, macroscopic and microscopic images of H&amp;amp;E-stained liver; decreasing the concentration of hydroxyproline in the liver and reducing the level of cirrhosis on the masson-stained templates. The effect of herbal recipes XGTQ increased dramatically with the dose, and was equivalent to silymarin at the dose of 70 mg/kg/24h. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The aqueous extract of XGTQ herbal remedy has have a good effect in treatment of liver cirrhosis in in-vitro and to be equivalent to that of silymarin at the dose of 70 mg/kg.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">189</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Thanh Ha Tuan Nguyen&lt;sup&gt;1,2,#&lt;/sup&gt;, Ngan Nguyen Hoang&lt;sup&gt;1,#&lt;/sup&gt;, Xuan Thanh Nguyen&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Binh Nhu Do&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Son Trinh The&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Vietnam Military Medical University, No.160 Phung Hung st, Phuc La, Ha dong, Ha noi, VIETNAM.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Military Hospital 103, No.261 Phung Hung st, Phuc La, Ha Dong, Ha Noi, VIETNAM.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;#&lt;/sup&gt;These authors contributed equally to this work and are co‐first authors&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MI Bunu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">M I Ikhile</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">AN Matheri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MT Charlotte</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MCD Fotsing</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DT Ndinteh</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evaluation of Secondary Metabolites, Antibacterial, Antiplasmodial and Acute Toxicity Potentials of Chloroform Crude Extract of Boswellia dalzielii Stem Bark</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acute toxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiplasmodial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boswellia dalzielii</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GC-MS RT</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medicinal plants</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">393-400</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Medicinal plants contain bioactive compounds that have the potentials to cure many human ailments without unnecessary side effects like most of the chemotherapeutic drugs used today. Therefore, the need for phytochemicals in medicinal plants for potentials application in the treatments of these human ailments as alternatives. Drug resistance parasite has rendered most of the drugs used in treating many human diseases ineffective. There is an urgent need and continuous search for new drugs from natural sources because most of the drugs used are either derived from plant or end-product of the natural source. Antibacterial and antiplasmodial activities of &lt;em&gt;Boswellia dalzielii &lt;/em&gt;stem bark chloroform extract against some pathogens and &lt;em&gt;P. bergei&lt;/em&gt; was investigated using the serial dilution method. Phytochemical studies (GC-MS RT profiling) revealed the presence of some secondary metabolites. The extract was tested against thirteen bacterial strains (&lt;em&gt;Styphylococcus epidermidis, Mycobacterium smegmatis, Enterococcus faecalis, Styplococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis&lt;/em&gt;) and Gram-negative strains &lt;em&gt;Klebsiella aerugninosa, Proteus vulgaris, K. pneumonia, Klebsiella oxytoca,Entrobacter cloacae, Peptostreptococcus asaccharolyticus, Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis&lt;/em&gt;). Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and the Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of the extract showed activities against &lt;em&gt;Mycobacterium smegmatis,Escherichia coli, Klebsiella oxytoca, Klebsiella aerugninosa &lt;/em&gt;and &lt;em&gt;Proteus vulgaris&lt;/em&gt;. The extract demonstrated high safety with LD50 value greater than 5000 mg/kg body weight. The extract shows a high potent of antiplasmodial activities with&lt;em&gt; P. bargie&lt;/em&gt; inhibition of 66.95%. The results demonstrated that &lt;em&gt;Boswelliadalzielii &lt;/em&gt;stem bark extract can be used as a source of cheaper, less toxic novel antibiotic and antimalarial substances for drug development.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">393</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;M.I. Bunu&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, M. I.Ikhile&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, A.N. Matheri&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, M.T. Charlotte&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, M.C.D. Fotsing&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, D.T. Ndinteh&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemical Science, University of Johannesburg, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of chemical Engineering, University of Johannesburg, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Veronica Nunez-Urquiza</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Juana Villeda-Hernandez</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elizur Montiel-Arcos</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Isaac Tello</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Victoria Campos-Pena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maribel Herrera-Ruiz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">María del Carmen Gutiérrez</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vera Petricevich</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">María Angélica Santana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martha Navarro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Angélica Berenice Aguilar-Guadarrama</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gabriel Navarrete-Vázquez</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Irene Perea-Arango</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ismael Leon-Rivera</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evaluation of the Anticonvulsant, Anxiolytic, Sedative, and Neuroprotective Activities of Polysaccharides from Mycelium of Two Ganoderma Species</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">a- and b-glucan</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anticonvulsant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GABA</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ganoderma curtissi</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ganoderma sp</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neuroprotective</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1161-1173</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ganoderma lucidum&lt;/em&gt; has been used as a medicinal mushroom since centuries in East Asia. Recent reports have shown that metabolites isolated from &lt;em&gt;Ganoderma&lt;/em&gt; species have shown effects on central nervous system. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;To determine the neuroprotective, anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, and sedative effects of &lt;em&gt;Ganoderma &lt;/em&gt;sp. and &lt;em&gt;Ganoderma curtisii&lt;/em&gt; polysaccharides. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Polysaccharides (Gsp-PS2 or Gc-PS2) were isolated from two &lt;em&gt;Ganoderma mycelia&lt;/em&gt; submerged cultures. Acute toxicity effects of Gc-PS2 or Gsp-PS2 on mice were treated orally with doses of 50 - 2000 mg/kg. Anticonvulsant activity was determined using three chemoconvulsants: kainic acid (KA), strychnine, or pentylenetetrazole (PTZ). Anxiolytic-like effects were determined using the elevated plus maze test on mice. GABA release evoked by GC-PS2 or Gsp-PS2 content was determined by HPLC. Neuroprotective effects of Gsp-PS2 or Gc-PS2 were determined by glial activation, histopathological changes, and immunohistochemistry. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Gc-PS2 or Gsp-PS2 showed neuroprotective activity by diminishing neuronal death, reducing glial activation and Neu-N expression levels. Gsp-PS2 or Gc-PS2 inhibited convulsions in the KA model. An anxiolytic-like, but not a sedative effect was reported in mice treated with Gc-PS2 or Gsp-PS2. Polysaccharides Gc-PS2 or Gsp-PS2 evoked endogenous GABA release and increased its concentration within the incubation medium. Pretreatment with Gsp-PS2 or Gc-PS2 showed a reduction of the LPSinduced NO production. Gc-PS2 or Gsp-PS2 did not produce toxic effects. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ganoderma &lt;/em&gt;sp. or &lt;em&gt;Ganoderma curtisii &lt;/em&gt;polysaccharides showed neuroprotective and anticonvulsant activities in animal models. The anticonvulsant activity may involve the GABAergic neurotransmision.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1161</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Verónica Núñez-Urquiza,&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; Juana Villeda- Hernández,&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; Elizur Montiel-Arcos,&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; Isaac Tello,&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; Victoria Campos-Peña,&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; Maribel Herrera-Ruiz,&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt; María del Carmen Gutiérrez,&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt; Vera Petricevich,&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt; María Angélica Santana,&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt; Martha Navarro,&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; Angélica Berenice Aguilar-Guadarrama,&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; Gabriel Navarrete-Vázquez,&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt; Irene Perea- Arango,&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt; Ismael León-Rivera&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, IICBA, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa 62209 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Estados Unidos Mexicanos, MEXICO.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez. Avenida Insurgentes Sur No. 3877 Col. La Fama Tlalpan, Ciudad de México, Estados Unidos Mexicanos.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa 62209 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Estados Unidos Mexicanos.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Sur, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Argentina 1, Col. Centro, Xochitepec, Morelos, Estados Unidos Mexicanos.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, IICBA, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa 62209 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Estados Unidos Mexicanos.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa 62209 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Estados Unidos Mexicanos.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, IICBA, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa 62209 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Estados Unidos Mexicanos.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa 62209 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Estados Unidos Mexicanos.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdelhak Chergui</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Latifa El Hafid</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">El Amine Ajal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Imane Zakariya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rachid Nejjari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohammed Reda Tazi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evolution of Biometric Parameters and Oil Fatty Acid Composition of Argan &quot;Argania spinosa L. Skeels&quot; Fruits from Beni- Snassen (Eastern Region of Morocco) During Ripening</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Argan fruits</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Beni-Snassen</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biometeric parameters</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fatty Acid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ripeness</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">296-308</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Argania spinosa&lt;/em&gt; Skeels is an endemic forest essence of Morocco. The argan of the north-east of Morocco remains a virgin subject of study without enough value given to it. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;The aim of this study is to asses the evolution of biometric parameters and fatty acids composition of the argan fruits from Beni-Snassen region during ripening. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;4 fruit shapes harvested over seven months were characterized through the measurement of their biometric parameters (size and weight), and their composition of majority fatty acids. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;the studied argan tree could be classified into two major groups, namely: early-riped trees with oval or oval-apiculate fruits and late-riped trees with fusiform or spherical fruits. When considering the fruits size and weight, the highest values were recorded on late-ripened fruits, more particularly fusiform shapes. The obtained results showed, on one hand, a significant difference in the unsaturated fatty acids, according to the fruit ripeness stage and shapes, being the later significantly affecting the stearic acid content; and on another hand, it was noted an increase of oleic acid content while linoleic acid decreased. In the maturation stage, the spherical shaped fruits were found to have the highest ratio of unsaturated/saturated fatty acids.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The results demonstrated the possibility to predict the kernel’s weight from the fruit’s length. The results also showed the good dietary and nutritional quality of spherical shapes and that the biometric parameters are important criteria for the differentiation of argan tree fruits.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">296</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Abdelhak Chergui&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Latifa El Hafid&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, El Amine Ajal&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Imane Zakariya&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Rachid Nejjari&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Mohammed Reda Tazi&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Mohammed V University, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Av. Mohammed Belarabi El Alaoui, BP 6203- Rabat institut-Rabat, MOROCCO.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Improving Agricultural Productivity, Biotechnology &amp;amp; Environment, Mohammed I University, Faculty of Science, Blvd. Mohammed VI, BP 717-Oujda, MOROCCO.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Regional Center of professions of Education and Training of the Orient- Oujda, MOROCCO.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sanjit Namasudra</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pankaj Phukan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meenakshi Bawari</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GC-MS Analysis of Bioactive Compounds and Safety Assessment of the Ethanol Extract of the Barks of Holarrhena pubescens Wall. ex.G.Don (Family Apocynaceae): Sub-Acute Toxicity Studies in Swiss Albino Mice</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GC-MS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Holarrhena pubescens</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mice</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oxidative stress</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sub-acute toxicity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">162-171</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt; Holarrhena pubescens&lt;/em&gt; Wall. ex G. Don belongs to the family Apocynaceae and has several therapeutic applications in traditional medicine. This plant has various pharmacological properties such as antihelmintic, antidiuretic and antidiabetic. One of the major concerns, as they are used, is the lack of adequate pharmacological and toxicological data to support their uses. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The present investigation was carried out to evaluate the safety of an ethanolic extract of &lt;em&gt;Holarrhena pubescens &lt;/em&gt;Wall.ex.G.Don (Apocynaceae) by determining its potential toxicity after oral administration for 28 days.&lt;strong&gt; Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; In sub-acute toxicity, the extract at the doses of 250, 500 and 1000mg/kg, bw was administered orally for 28 days. After 28 days of treatment, the mice were decapitated; brain was homogenized for evaluating oxidative stress. The brain was fixed in 10 % formalin and processed for histopathological examinations. Phytochemical analysis of the plant extract was performed by (GC-MS). &lt;strong&gt;Result:&lt;/strong&gt; In the sub-acute study in mice, daily oral administration of HP resulted in a significant increase in the lipid peroxidation of treated animals and a decrease in enzymes activity of CAT, SOD, GPX and GR in both, males and females mice. Histopathological analysis showed alterations in the mice brain cortex. From the GC-MS analysis of the plant extract, it was evident that major phytochemicals were present in the ethanol extract of HP. Some major phytochemicals namely, conessimine (17.81 %); lup-20(29)-en-3-one (16.50%); piperidine, 2-(tetrahydro-2-furanyl)-(6.44%); lup-20(29)-ene-3, 28-diol, (3.beta.) (4.82%) and 17- (1, 5-dimethyl-3-phenylsulfanyl-hex-4-enyl (4.37%) were found. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;H.pubsecne&lt;/em&gt; bark ethanol extract was found to be relatively safe in lower doses although at higher doses it can cause lipid peroxidation and damage to the neuronal cell of the brain and should therefore be used with caution.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">162</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sanjit Namasudra, Pankaj Phukan, Meenakshi Bawari* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar-788011, Assam, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tanti Azizah Sujono</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arief Nurrochmad</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Endang Lukitaningsih</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agung Endro Nugroho</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Immunomodulatory Effect of Methanolic Extract and Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Bengkoang (Pachyrhizus erosus (L.) Urban) Tuber in Mice</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bengkoang (Pachyrizus erosus (L.) Urban)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dietary fiber fraction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Immunomodulatory effect</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lymphocyte proliferation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phagocytic macrophages activity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">59-65</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Recently, interest in the use of herbal medicine that can modulate the immune system is increasing in the pandemic situation. One plant that can be developed as an immunomodulator is bengkoang (&lt;em&gt;Pachyrhizus erosus &lt;/em&gt;(L.) Urban). &lt;strong&gt;Objectives: &lt;/strong&gt;To evaluate the immunomodulatory effect of a methanolic extract of bengkoang (MEB) and the ethyl acetate fraction of bengkoang (EAFB) in mice induced by the hepatitis B vaccine. &lt;strong&gt;Materilas and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Thirty healthy male mice were divided into six groups namely, control, standard levamisole, MEB (100 and 200 mg/kg BW), and EAFB at 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight (BW). The treatments were given for 18 days, and hepatitis B vaccine was injected intraperitoneally twice during the treatment. Assessment of the immunomodulatory effect was carried out against nonspecific and specific immune response parameters. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The MEB and EAFB could significantly increase phagocytic capacity, the spleen index, and lymphocyte proliferation. MEB stimulated IgG production, while EAFB, 100 mg/kg BW suppressed immunoglobulin G (IgG) production; otherwise, at the higher dose, EAFB increased IgG production. EAFB also increases nitric oxide production, while MEB had no effect. The higher dose of MEB tended to increase tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α levels and decrease interleukin (IL)-10, while EAFB tended to decrease TNF-α and increase IL-10, but these changes were not significant. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;: Based on this study, MEB and EAFB could increase the innate immune response and stimulate the humoral immune response but had no effect on cytokine production, which may have potential usefulness of bengkoang to treat immunomodulatory-related disease.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">59</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tanti Azizah Sujono&lt;sup&gt;1,3,&lt;/sup&gt; Arief Nurrochmad&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Endang Lukitaningsih&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Agung Endro Nugroho&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara Yogyakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olivia Mahardani Adam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jusak Nugraha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohammad Hasan Machfoed</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agus Turchan</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In silico Study on the Promising Active Components of Terpenoid and Fucoidon from Sargassum sp. in Inhibiting CGRP and TNF-α</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CGRP</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fucoidone</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">in silico</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sargassum sp.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terpenoid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TNF-α.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1715-1719</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; The new discovery of the active substance in &lt;em&gt;Sargassum&lt;/em&gt; sp marks the new era for drug industry as it is very effective as the new migraine medication compared to analgesics which have already been popular previously in treating migraine. By using the&lt;em&gt; in silico&lt;/em&gt; methods, this study intended to identify the preventive effect of the active substance in &lt;em&gt;Sargassum &lt;/em&gt;sp within the stage of pain and inflammation development in migraine. In migraine pathophysiology, the clinical findings would build and verify the role of CGRP and TNF-α. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; This research applied a one-shot experimental study and by employing the potential test through PubChem (https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/), the result of this study proved that tannins, terpenoids and fucoidone were contained in the active substance of &lt;em&gt;Sargassum &lt;/em&gt;sp leading to the possession of potential as the drug to treat migraine. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Terpenoids and tannin binding affinity value is higher than other substances. Terpenoids and fucoidon had similar amino acid residues with controls. Seaweed metabolites have great potential as inhibitors of CGRP and TNF-α because the binding affinity score is close to control. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The active substance in &lt;em&gt;Sargassum &lt;/em&gt;sp has an inhibitory effect on the occurrence of CGRP and TNF-α in migraine based on in silico studies.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1715</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Olivia Mahardani Adam&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Jusak Nugraha&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Mohammad Hasan Machfoed&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Agus Turchan&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Hang Tuah, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nolitha Nkobole</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olusola Bodede</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ahmed A Hussein</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gerhard Prinsloo</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In vitro α-Glucosidase and α-Amylase Activities of Wild and Cultivated Amaranthus spp. and Isolated Compounds</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">α-Amylase; α-glucosidase; Blood glucose; Diabetes mellitus; Hyperglycemia; Phytochemicals.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1614-1620</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Diabetes mellitus is a serious metabolic disorder that affects many South Africans. There is urgent need for alternative and affordable diabetic therapy from edible wild plants which have been used by the indigenous people for many years. This study presents in vitro antidiabetic effects of methanol leaf extracts of wild and cultivated Amaranthus spp. and isolated compounds. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The inhibitory effects against yeast α-glucosidase and porcine α-amylase were determined using a dilution series of ethanolic extracts of wild and cultivated leaf extracts and isolated compounds of Amaranthus spp. The aerial parts of the plant material were subjected to silica gel chromatography to yield three compounds. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Wild A. hybridus showed potent α-glucosidase enzyme activity (89.92±0.04%) at the lowest concentration tested (0.125 mg/mL) in comparison to acarbose which exhibited 80.20±0.13% inhibition at the same concentration. Cultivated A. cruentus extracts inhibited α-glucosidase enzyme activity (84.95 ± 0.04%) at the lowest concentration compared to cultivated A. hybridus which exhibited inhibitory activities of 72.28 ± 0.06%. In addition, three compounds namely, α-spinasterol, palmitic acid and pheophorbide A-methyl ester isolated from wild A.cruentus were tested for in vitro antidiabetic activity. Palmitic acid demonstrated the highest inhibition against α-glucosidase for all the concentrations tested. Tested separately, the isolated compounds were weaker α-amylase enzyme inhibitors however, when the compounds were combined, inhibition of α-amylase increased to 58.49± 002% at 0.5 mg/mL. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; Extracts and compounds of Amaranthus showed strong α-glucosidase activity inhibition and mild α-amylase activity inhibition suggesting that the extracts and compounds slow glucose absorption.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1614</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nolitha Nkobole&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;,*, Olusola Bodede&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ahmed A Hussein&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Gerhard Prinsloo&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, University of South Africa, Science campus, Florida, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Cape Peninsular University of Technology, Symphony Way, Bellville, Western Cape, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clayton Neuenschwander</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Katrina Wu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Teresa DeGolier</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">An Investigation into the Use of an Herbal Labor Induction Tincture Containing Black Cohosh, Cramp Bark, Partridgeberry, and Motherwort on Contractile Responses Produced from Isolated Strips of Mouse Uterine Tissues</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Complimentary therapies; Herbal medicine; Labor</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Induced; Midwifery; Oxytocics</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1478-1487</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Alternative solutions in the form of herbal remedies meant to ease or expedite the process of labor have often been pursued and administered but have seldom been quantitatively tested for efficacy. Published research has shown some validation for some commonly used herbs such as blue cohosh (&lt;em&gt;Caulophyllum thalictroides&lt;/em&gt;), red raspberry (Rubus idaeus), castor bean (&lt;em&gt;Ricinus communis&lt;/em&gt;) and evening primrose (Oenothera biennis) on isolated mouse uterine strips. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; This study tested an array of herbs used by midwives in a labor induction tincture, which included black cohosh (Actaea racemosa), cramp bark (&lt;em&gt;Viburnum opulus&lt;/em&gt;), partridgeberry (Mitchella repens), and motherwort (&lt;em&gt;Leonurus cardiaca&lt;/em&gt;). Each of these four herbs were prepared as aqueous extracts and applied individually to uterine tissues in an organ bath apparatus. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Results and analyses indicated that all treatment tissues produced significant increases in contractile forces when compared to their own endogenous motilities (p&amp;lt;0.0001). These responses, however, were not significantly different among the four herbal treatments, but were comparable to those produced by 10-5 M oxytocin. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;This study provides empirical support for the use of these plants as herbal uterotonics, and it is plausible that these results, collected in vitro, may support the use of such a tincture to enhance or augment labor &lt;em&gt;in vivo.&lt;/em&gt; Consideration of the active constituents found in each herbal, their concentrations, solubilities, cell signalling pathways, and the potential to interact in a synergistic or attenuating manner would be beneficial prior to recommending a given herbal for use at an organismal level.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1478</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Clayton Neuenschwander&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Katrina Wu&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Teresa DeGolier&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biological Sciences, 3900 Bethel Drive, Bethel University, St. Paul, MN 55112, USA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Nursing Department, 3900 Bethel Drive, Bethel University, St. Paul, MN 55112, USA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Xuan Phong Pham</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tran Thi Tuyet Nhung</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hoai Nam Trinh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Do Minh Trung</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dang Truong Giang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Binh Duong Vu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nguyen Trọng Diep</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nguyen Van Long</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Van Thu Nguyen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chu Van Men</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Isolation and Structural Characterization of Compounds from Blumea lacera</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Asteraceae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blumea lacera</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Column chromatography</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoid</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">999-1004</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;The medicinal plants consider as a rich resource of ingredients which can be used in drug development and synthesis. Blumea lacera (Burm. f.) DC. is generally used in traditional medicine for the treatment of cough, bronchitis, dysentery, wound healing. The aim of this study is to isolate and identify the compounds from the aerial parts of Blumea lacera. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The aerial parts of B. lacera were dried, powdered and extracted using EtOH, and the concentrated extract was partitioned in succession with n-hexane, CH&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;Cl&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, and EtOAc. From the EtOAc fraction, the compounds were isolated through column chromatography and their chemical structures were elucidated by NMR spectroscopy and confirmed by comparison of their NMR data with literature data. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Repeated column chromatography of the EtOAc-soluble fraction from the aerial parts of B. lacera resulted in the isolation of β-sitosterol (1), campesterol (2), artemetin (3) and acid paracatechuic (4).&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">999</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Xuan Phong Pham&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;#, Tran Thi Tuyet Nhung&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;#, Hoai Nam Trinh&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Do Minh Trung&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Dang Truong Giang&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Binh Duong Vu&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Nguyen Trọng Diep&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Nguyen Van Long&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Van Thu Nguyen&lt;sup&gt;3,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Chu Van Men&lt;sup&gt;4,&lt;/sup&gt;*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Military Institute of Traditional Medicine, 442 Kim Giang, Hoang Mai, Ha Noi, VIETNAM.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;The Drug R&amp;amp;D Center, Vietnam Military Medical University, 160 Phung Hung, Ha Dong, Hanoi, VIETNAM.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Institute of Pharmaceutical Education, Vietnam Military Medical University, 160 Phung Hung, Ha Dong, Hanoi, VIETNAM.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Institute of Biomedicine and Pharmacy, Vietnam Military Medical University, 160 Phung Hung, Ha Dong, Hanoi, VIETNAM.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arif Nur Muhammad Ansori</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amaq Fadholly</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Annise Proboningrat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yulanda Antonius</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suhailah Hayaza</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Raden Joko Kuncoroningrat Susilo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bilqis Inayatillah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mada Triandala Sibero</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sin War Naw</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gabrielle Ann Villar Posa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Teguh Hari Sucipto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soegen Soegijanto</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Novel Antiviral Investigation of Annona squamosa Leaf Extract against the Dengue Virus Type-2: In vitro Study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Annona squamosa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiviral activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DENV-2</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vero cells</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">456-462</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Dengue virus (DENV) infection is general mosquito-transmitted viral taint. It can lead to the dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) or dengue shock syndrome (DSS). Dengue is a solemn illness with no endowed antiviral medication or recognized vaccine. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the activity of &lt;em&gt;Annona squamosa&lt;/em&gt; leaf extract (ASLE) against dengue virus type-2 (DENV-2) isolated from Surabaya, Indonesia in 2013 (NCBI accession number: KT012509). &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;In this study, the antiviral activity of ASLE was evaluated against DENV- 2 in Vero cells using Viral ToxGlo™ Assay. In addition, we used CellTiter-Glo&lt;sup&gt;®&lt;/sup&gt; Luminescent Cell Viability Assay to set the amount of viable cells in culture based on quantitation of the ATP. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;DENV-2 replication inhibited by ASLE in Vero cells with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; = 73.78 μg/mL and SI = 4.49 when cells were treated two days after virus infection, whereas its CC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; for cytotoxicity to Vero cells was 331.54 μg/mL. Interestingly, this is the first report on the investigation of ASLE against DENV-2. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; In summary, ASLE demonstrated the antiviral activity against DENV-2 with less toxicity, and high possibility as a drug candidate. Therefore, it might be suggested for&lt;em&gt; in vivo&lt;/em&gt; assessment in the progress of a potent antiviral against DENV-2.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">456</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Arif Nur Muhammad Ansori&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Amaq Fadholly&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Annise Proboningrat&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Yulanda Antonius&lt;sup&gt;2,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Suhailah Hayaza&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Raden Joko Kuncoroningrat Susilo&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Bilqis Inayatillah&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Mada Triandala Sibero&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Sin War Naw&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Gabrielle Ann Villar Posa&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;, Teguh Hari Sucipto&lt;sup&gt;8,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Soegeng Soegijanto&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Doctoral Program in Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Surabaya, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Doctoral Program in Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Master Program in Basic Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Myitkyina University, Myitkyina, MYANMAR.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;School of Environmental Science and Management, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Los Baños, PHILIPPINES.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;Dengue Study Group, Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Khin Su Yee</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tasamaporn Sukwattanasinit</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Uthai Sotanaphun</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Penpun Wetwitayaklung</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bunyapa Wangwattana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Worrakanya Narakornwit</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Optimization of Solvent Extraction of the Leaves of Premna serratifolia and Quantitation of Premnaodoroside A by Validated TLC-densitometric Method</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Extraction optimization</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Premna serratifolia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">premnaodoroside A</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TLCdensitometry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Total phenolic.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1656-1663</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;The leaves of&lt;em&gt; Premna serratifolia &lt;/em&gt;have been widely used in traditional medicine. Its major constituents were iridoid glycosides and phenolic compounds. Antioxidation was one of its reported bioactivities. The aim of this study was to optimize the ethanol concentration used to obtain high quality extracts. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Three sources of leaf samples were separately extracted by 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100% ethanol. Their content of premnaodoroside A, the major glycoside, was determined by a TLCdensitometric method developed in this study. The content of total phenolic compounds and antioxidants were also determined by Folin-Ciocalteu and DPPH scavenging methods, respectively. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The developed TLC-densitometric method showed a good linearity (R2 &amp;gt; 0.99) in the range of 0.11-0.872 μg/spot. Its limit of detection and limit of quantitation were 0.13 and 0.04 μg/spot, respectively. The method had satisfactory specificity, precision and accuracy. The analysis results of all extracts showed that the 100% ethanolic extracts exhibited the highest contents of premnaodoroside A (3.23–5.25%), total phenolic compounds (7.56-8.24% GAE) and antioxidants (4.92–6.66% AAE), but its extractive yields (13.57-19.57%) were the lowest. Yields of the 40% and the 80% ethanolic extracts were the highest in two samples (36.37-45.96%) and one sample (47.53%), respectively. Considering of the extractive ability, the 80% ethanol could extract the highest amounts of all investigated compounds from plant material. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The 100% ethanolic extract possessed the highest contents of the interesting compounds, but the 80% ethanolic extract had a higher extractive yield. Their benefits and drawbacks must be considered, depending on further application.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1656</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Khin Su Yee&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Tasamaporn Sukwattanasinit&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Uthai Sotanaphun&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Penpun Wetwitayaklung&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Bunyapa Wangwattana&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Worrakanya Narakornwit&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Pharmacy, Mandalay, MYANMAR.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maryam Riyadh Yaseen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ghasak G Faisal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Azliana Abd Fuaat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Khairunisa Ahmad Affandi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Batoul Alallam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohd Hamzah Mohd Nasir</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Preparation of Euyrycoma Longifolia Jack (E.L) Tongkat Ali (Ta) Root Extract Hydrogel for Wound Application</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eurycoma longifolia Jack</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hydrogel</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Microscopic examination</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1456-1463</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; It is undeniable that a lot of patients worldwide suffer from different types of wounds. The complex process of wound healing has a severe effect on the life quality of patients as well as causing an economic load on healthcare institutions. Although the availability of various therapies for managing patients with acute and chronic wounds for the past decade, these therapies are usually expensive and accompanied by undesirable side effects. Hence, the discovery of a new arsenal for wound healing remains a hot topic of research. Recently, plants and their by-products have garnered remarkable attention as a source of therapeutic agents to treat wounds. This is because medicinal plants provide a rich reservoir of phytochemicals that could potentially become affordable and effective therapeutic agents. &lt;em&gt;Eurycoma longifolia &lt;/em&gt;Jack or Tongkat Ali (TA), is one of the well-known traditional plants of Malaysia, it has been scientifically proven to have medicinal properties. Hydrogels are hydrophilic polymer networks that can imbibe a significant number of fluids. In comparison to other systems developed for herbal medicines delivery, a unique power possessed by hydrogels is the high-water absorption ability. This ability has favoured the loading of herbal formulations, which are in general hydrophilic in nature, into hydrogels. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The aim of this study is to prepare&lt;em&gt; Eurycoma longifolia &lt;/em&gt;Jack (E.l.J) Tongkat Ali (TA) roots hydrogel for wound application.&lt;strong&gt; Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Authentication of&lt;em&gt; Eurycoma longifolia &lt;/em&gt;Jack roots was done by microscopic examination using methylene blue and Lugol’s iodine solution. Root extraction by Soxhlet technique. In vitro cytotoxicity of ethanol extract of the roots was evaluated in human primary gingival fibroblasts cells. The ethanolic extract was loaded into hydrogel as a suitable dosage form for further wound healing studies.&lt;strong&gt; Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The crude herbal drug sample, TA present the same microscopical characters to that of E. longifolia Jack tap root. Ic50 was 118.5 μg/mL. The hydrogel was prepared using 2% xanthan gum and ethanol extract of TA was loaded successfully for its later application as a wound healing agent.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1456</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Maryam Riyadh Yaseen&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ghasak G Faisal&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;,*, Azliana Abd Fuaat&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Khairunisa Ahmad Affandi&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Batoul Alallam&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Mohd Hamzah Mohd Nasir&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, International Islamic University, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Associate Professor, Department of Fundamental Dental and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, International Islamic University, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, International Islamic University, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of pharmacy, International Islamic University, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, International Islamic University, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Namira Khairunnisa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Feda Anisah Makkiyah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tashya Anggraeni Sinaga</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rahmah Hida Nurrizka</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prognostic Factors in Predicting Primary Brainstem Hemorrhage Patients: An Experience in Indonesia’s Rural Hospital</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brainstem</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Factor</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Intracerebral hemorrhage</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Primary</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prognosis</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1445-1449</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Primary brainstem hemorrhage is a rare type of hemorrhagic stroke with a very high reported mortality rate in Indonesia.&lt;strong&gt; Aim:&lt;/strong&gt; This study aims to demonstrate the mortality rate of cases in one of Indonesia’s rural hospitals. To help reduce the mortality rate, the prognostic factors of several cases were studied. These steps are needed to be able to predict the prognosis of primary brainstem hemorrhage patients and to give a better explanation to the family of the patients. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; A cross-sectional study was undertaken with collecting medical and radiological records from January 2018 to August 2020. A total sampling technique was done, and 340 patients were diagnosed with hemorrhagic stroke during that period. Only ten patients met the inclusion criteria and were included as the study samples. Statistical analysis using SPSS 22 and the Spearman correlation test adjusted for each variable. &lt;strong&gt;Results&lt;/strong&gt;: Low prevalence of primary brainstem hemorrhage (7%). There were correlation between GCS score, brainstem hemorrhage location, and length of stay with the patient’s prognosis.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Understanding these prognostic factors would reduce the prevalence of this primary brainstem hemorrhage and to ease the process of explaining the patients’ condition to the family.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1445</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Namira Khairunnisa&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Feda Anisah Makkiyah&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Tashya Anggraeni Sinaga&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Rahmah Hida Nurrizka&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Public Health, UIN Syarif hidayatullah, Jakarta&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">T  Sudhakar Johnson</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">D. B. Anantha Narayana</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Role of Spices in Offering Natural Immunity to Fight Various Diseases</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COVID-19</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diet</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Immunity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nutrition</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spices</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">600-613</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Adequate nutrition intake is one of main factors to strengthen immunity. Traditional and cultural practices of food consumption involve use of several spices in limited quantities as part of food. Spices have offered versatile biological effects due to presence of valuable biochemicals. The aim of the present paper is to review published scientific evidence on potential role of spices in offering innate and adaptive immunity to human body. It has been demonstrated that, turmeric, one of the widely used spices, acts as an anti-viral agent through inhibition of viral entry into cells, suppression of viral replication and modulation of cytokines. A field study revealed that nations with higher consumption of spices have shown lesser COVID-19 cases and higher recovery rates. Further, spices also have shown to possess antioxidant activity superior or equivalent to ascorbic acid and are known to regulate inflammation processes. Evidence generated from the published literature is compelling to arrive at a conclusion that consumption of spices might improve immunity there by offering protection against various diseases including COVID-19. It is also noted that there are lesser number of human clinical trials in this area which warrants immediate attention to provide scientific evidence to immunity offered by spices.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Review Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">600</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;T. Sudhakar Johnson&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, D. B. Anantha Narayana&lt;sup&gt;2,&lt;/sup&gt;*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Technical and Regulatory, Viridis Biopharma Pvt Ltd, Govandi, Mumbai-400 043, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Chief Scientific Officer, Ayurvidye Trust, and Chairman, Scientific Panel, Nutraceuticals, Food Safety Standards Authority of India (FSSAI), Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Herman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arsyik Ibrahim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bakti Puji Rahayu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">M Arifuddin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yuspian Nur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wisnu Cahyo Prabowo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maryono</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neneng Siti Silfi Ambarwati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laode Rijai</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Islamudin Ahmad</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Single Factor Effect of Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent Citric Acid-Glucose Based Microwave-Assisted Extraction on Total Polyphenols Content from Mitragyna speciosa Korth. Havil Leaves</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Citric acid-glucose</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Microwave-assisted extraction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mitragyna speciosa (Korth.) Havil</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Natural deep eutectic solvent</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Total polyphenols content</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1109-1115</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Applying green chemistry principles in the exploration of an active secondary metabolite from natural products has continued to experience a significant increase in the last decade, mainly natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES) usage. &lt;em&gt;Mitragyna speciosa &lt;/em&gt;(Korth.) Havil (&lt;em&gt;Rubiaceae&lt;/em&gt; family) is a native of East Kalimantan, which is traditionally used as an herb to treat headaches and inflammation by drinking boiled water a few leaves. On the other hand, this plant has an addictive effect. This study aims to determine the single factor effect of NADES citric acid–glucose-based microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) to obtain the yield of total polyphenols content (TPC) from &lt;em&gt;M. speciosa&lt;/em&gt; leaves. Dried powder of &lt;em&gt;M. speciosa&lt;/em&gt; leaves was extracted using NADES citric acid-glucose based MAE method with some different conditions such as NADES (citric acid-glucose) ratio (4:1, 5:1, 6:1 g/g), solid-liquid ratio (10:1, 15:1, 20:1 mL/g), microwave power (90, 270, 450 Watts), and extraction time (15, 20, 25 min). The determination of TPC was performed using Folin-Ciocalteau reagent and gallic acid as a standard with different concentration levels. The absorbance measured using spectrophotometer UV-VIS at 746 nm to obtain a regression formula of Y = 0.0022X–0.00095, where R&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = 0.9977. Based on the result, the best of single factor condition effect was obtained the TPC value including NADES ratio of 248.69 mg GAE/g sample (5:1 g/g citric acid-glucose), a solid-liquid ratio of 146.93 mg GAE/g sample (15:1 mL/g solvent-sample), microwave power of 192.20 mg GAE/g sample (270 Watts), and extraction time of 358.59 mg GAE/g sample (15 min). The single factor effect of NADES citric acid-glucose-based MAE shows a difference in TPC value based on various conditions of this method.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1109</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Herman&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Arsyik Ibrahim&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Bakti Puji Rahayu&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, M Arifuddin&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Yuspian Nur&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Wisnu Cahyo Prabowo&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Maryono&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Neneng Siti Silfi Ambarwati&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Laode Rijai&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Islamudin Ahmad&lt;sup&gt;1,2,&lt;/sup&gt;*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Research and Development of TROPICAL PHARMACA, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, 75119 East Kalimantan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, 75119 East Kalimantan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Makassar, Makassar, 90222 South Sulawesi, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Cosmetology, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, East Jakarta, 13220 DKI Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ali Nadeem</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bashir Ahmed</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hira Shahzad</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lyle E. Craker</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tudor Muntean</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Verbascum Thapsus (Mullein) Versatile Polarity Extracts: GC-MS Analysis, Phytochemical Profiling, Anti-bacterial Potential and Anti-oxidant Activity</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Microbiology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Verbascum Thapsus; GC/GC-MS; plant biotechnology</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1488-1497</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Verbascum thapsus is naturally grown in the Himalayas and widely used in herbal teas and traditional herbal medicine for its anticarcinogenic and anti-inflammatory properties. The present study was designed to majority of leaf extracts from Verbascum thapsus. All extracts were analysed for phytochemical properties, antioxidant capacity and antimicrobial potential against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Biochemical investigations and GC-MS analysis was used for identifying phytochemicals. DPPH assay, Kirby’s Disc Diffusion method (KDM), 96 well test, and Resazurin test were performed for antioxidant and antimicrobial investigation. Results indicate that verbascum thapsus grown in Pakistan is rich in alkaloids and phenols. Noteworthy antibacterial activity was observed against S. sonnei, L. lactis, B. subtilis, C. freundii, K. oxytoca, L. monocytogenes, and S. enterica. GCMS analyses of V. thapsus extracts revealed the presence of medically important bio compounds including Hexadecanoic acid, methyl es and Stigmasterol (antibacterial activity), 2(5H)-Furanone (appetite suppressant), 3-Hydroxy-.beta.-damascone (anti-inflammatory properties), Squalene (antiaging, anti-inflammatory, anti-acne, eczema), Vitamin E and 2-Methoxy-4-vinylphenol (antioxidants). Antioxidant radical scavenging activity was determined from acetone extract of V. thapsus. This study concludes remarkable antibacterial and antioxidant potential in Verbascum Thapsus leaf extracts&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1488</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ali Nadeem&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Bashir Ahmed&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;,*, Hira Shahzad&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Lyle E. Craker&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Tudor Muntean&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biological Sciences, International Islamic University, Islamabad, PAKISTAN.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry, PMAS Arid agriculture University, Rawalpindi, PAKISTAN.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Plant Biology, Stockbridge school of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nisa Naspiah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohammad Rizki Fadhil Pratama</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sukardiman</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Xanthine Oxidase Inhibition Activity and ADMET Properties of Terap (Artocarpus odoratissimus Blanco) Leaves Metabolites: Phytochemical Screening and in silico Studies</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Artocarpus odoratissimus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular docking</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Xanthin Oxidase</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1150-1160</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Indonesia, with its biodiversity, is overgrown by various kinds of plants that have medicinal potential, including Terap (&lt;em&gt;Artocarpus odoratissimus&lt;/em&gt; Blanco). The leaves of &lt;em&gt;A. odoratissimus &lt;/em&gt;are empirically used by local people of Borneo Island to treat gout. The purpose of this study was to determine the antigout activity of the active compound from&lt;em&gt; A. odoratissimus&lt;/em&gt; leaves through xanthine oxidase inhibition using the molecular docking method and to determine the ADMET properties of these compounds. Phytochemical screening showed that &lt;em&gt;A. odoratissimus&lt;/em&gt; leaf extract contained alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids/triterpenoids, and phenolics. The results of TLC showed that &lt;em&gt;A. odoratissimus &lt;/em&gt;leaf extract contained steroid and flavonoid compounds in the form of stigmasterol and rutin. The results of molecular docking showed that flavan-3-ol provided the lowest bond-free energy against xanthine oxidase with a ΔG value of -8.3 kcal/mol, lower than allopurinol and hypoxanthine as reference ligands. Flavan-3-ol interacts with xanthine oxidase through hydrogen bonding with amino acid residues in the form of Arginine 912 and Lysine 1045. The prediction of ADMET properties from flavan-3-ol shows that the compound can be absorbed and has good permeability. Overall, the flavan-3-ol found in&lt;em&gt; A. odoratissimus&lt;/em&gt; leaves shows the potential to be developed as a xanthine oxidase inhibitor for use in gout therapy.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1150</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nisa Naspiah&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Mohammad Rizki Fadhil Pratama&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Sukardiman&lt;sup&gt;2,&lt;/sup&gt;*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Doctoral Program of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Jl Dr Ir H Soekarno Mulyorejo, Surabaya, East Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemical, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Jl Dr Ir H Soekarno Mulyorejo, Surabaya, East Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Imane Zakariya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Omar Elhamdaoui</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zineb ibn lahmar Andaloussi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdelhak Chergui</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">El Amine Ajal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Khalid Taghzouti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rachid Nejjari</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acute Diuretic Activity of the Aqueous Ethanol Root Extract of Corrigiola telephiifolia Pourr. In Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Corrigiola telephiifolia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diuretic activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diuretic plants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kaliuresis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Urine electrolytes</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1552-1558</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This study was undertaken to justify and validate a very frequent traditional use of a very well-known and widely used plant by a large part of the Moroccan population. It’s about &lt;em&gt;Corrigiola telephiifolia&lt;/em&gt;, and the activity in question is the diuretic activity.&lt;strong&gt; Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The aqueous ethanol root extract of&lt;em&gt; CMethods:orrigiola telephiifolia&lt;/em&gt; (200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg, and 700 mg/kg) was orally administered to rats. The urinary excretion rate and pH, and electrolyte excretion were measured in the urine of saline-loaded rats. Negative control group received only an equivalent volume of distilled water, while the positive control groups received the diuretic drugs hydrochlorothiazide at dose 10 mg/kg. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The results showed that hydrochlorothiazide induced significant diuresis and electrolytes excretion at 1, 6 and 24 h after the treatment. Both the higher doses of the extract produced a significant increase in urine volume than the control from the first hour until the end of observation. However, the lowest dose increased significantly only at 24 h after the treatment. With regard to the electrolyte excretion, the tested doses of CTRE which have shown a significant increase in Na&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;, K&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; and Cl&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;excretion in comparison to normal control rats, are 400 and 700 mg/kg bw. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;These findings collectively indicate that the extracts of&lt;em&gt; C. telephiifolia&lt;/em&gt; have a potential to induce diuresis markedly, and providing evidence, for its traditional use.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1552</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Imane Zakariya&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;* , Omar Elhamdaoui&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Zineb ibn lahmar Andaloussi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Abdelhak Chergui&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Al amine Ajlal&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Khalid Taghzouti&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Rachid Nejjari&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of pharmacognosy, faculty of medicine and pharmacy, University Mohammed V, BP 6203, RABAT, MOROCCO.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, faculty of science, University Mohammed V, BP: 1014, Rabat- MOROCCO.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tedjo Narko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marlia Singgih Wibowo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sophi Damayanti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Indra Wibowo</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acute Toxicity Tests of Fermented Robusta Green Coffee Using Zebrafish Embryos (Danio rerio)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Green coffee</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kombucha</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zebrafish embryos</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">485-492 </style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Green coffee beans are coffee beans of coffee fruit that have not yet been roasted. The use of green coffee beans as a weight-loss agent has been widely used worldwide, but nowadays there is a new way to enjoy coffee by adding kombucha culture to it, or what is known as kombucha coffee. The development of this fermented product preparation still requires a more in-depth study, one of which is related to the toxicity of the kombucha green coffee preparation. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; This research was aimed to determine LC&lt;sub&gt;50 &lt;/sub&gt;values for robusta green coffee fermented with kombucha culture using zebrafish (&lt;em&gt;Danio rerio&lt;/em&gt;) embryos using an &lt;em&gt;in vivo &lt;/em&gt;method. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This study observed the development of 20 zebrafish embryos administered one of five different concentrations of kombucha coffee preparation 24 hours up to 96 hours, with the experiment repeated three times. The percentage of embryo deaths was observed and analyzed using a probit model for LC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; concentration and analyzed using IBM SPSS Ver 23. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; An LC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; for kombucha green coffee of 1294.29 ppm was obtained. Statistical tests on the concentration of kombucha coffee extracts were not significant differences with p-values &amp;gt; 0.05.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;: The LC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of robusta green coffee extract using zebrafish embryos of 1294.29 ppm included in the safe category.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">485 </style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tedjo Narko&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Marlia Singgih Wibowo&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Sophi Damayanti&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Indra Wibowo&lt;sup&gt;1 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Bandung Institute of Technology, Jalan Ganesha 10 Bandung, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Poltekkes TNI AU, Jalan Ciumbuleuit No.203 Bandun0g, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Raceline Gounoue Kamkumo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abel Narcisse Messi Betene</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Patrick Valere Tsouh Fokou</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jean Hubert Donfack</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marius Jaurès Tsakem Nangap</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Albertine Ngako</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Roberto Fokou</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mariscal Brice Tchatat Tali</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Florence Ngueguim Tsofack</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Théophile Dimo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fabrice Fekam Boyom</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimalarial Effects of the Aqueous Extract of Entandrophragma angolense Bark on Plasmodium berghei Infection in Mice</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiplasmodial activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">E. angolense</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Malaria infection</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mice</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">P. berghei</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">687-698</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Research for new antimalarial drugs remains a permanent quest for the control of malaria. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study investigates the effects of the aqueous extract of &lt;em&gt;Entandrophragma angolense&lt;/em&gt; bark on&lt;em&gt; P. berghei-&lt;/em&gt;induced malaria in mice. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Eight weeks old mice, were intraperitoneally infested with 200 μl of blood, containing 1x10&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;em&gt;P. berghei&lt;/em&gt;-infected-erythrocytes. Parasitaemia was determined using a 10% giemsa stained blood smear read under optical microscope (x100). The infected animals were randomized into 5 groups of 10 animals each and daily treated for 5 days with the plant extract at 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg. The normal control and malaria control received water while the chloroquine control was treated with 10 mg/kg of chloroquine. Body weight, parasitaemia and survival time were monitored daily during treatment and follow up periods. Five animals from each group were sacrificed under anaesthesia at the end of treatment (d8) and after the follow up period (d28). Venous blood was used for haematological and biochemical tests. Organs (liver, kidneys and spleen) were also collected for biochemical and histological analyses. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Administration of the aqueous extract of &lt;em&gt;E. angolense &lt;/em&gt;bark to infected mice significantly inhibited parasite development (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; &amp;lt;0.001) with ED&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; estimated at 25.32 mg/kg. The extract prevented animal from death, body weight loss, anaemia, leucocytosis, high transaminases (ALT and AST), high bilirubin, creatinine and MDA levels, oxidative stress and anatomical alteration in organs as compared to the malaria control.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The &lt;em&gt;E. angolense &lt;/em&gt;bark possesses antimalarial properties, supporting its use in traditional medicine to treat malaria.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">687</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Raceline Gounoue Kamkumo&lt;sup&gt;1,2,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Abel Narcisse Messi Betene&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Patrick Valère Tsouh Fokou&lt;sup&gt;2,3&lt;/sup&gt;, Jean Hubert Donfack&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Marius Jaurès Tsakem Nangap&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Albertine Ngako&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Roberto Fokou&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Mariscal Brice Tchatat Tali&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Florence Ngueguim Tsofack&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Théophile Dimo&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Fabrice Fekam Boyom&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, CAMEROON.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, CAMEROON.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Bamenda, P.O. Box 39, Bamenda, CAMEROON.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, CAMEROON.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bianca Priscilia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Media Fitri Isma Nugraha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hessy Novita</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berna Elya</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant and Antibacterial Assay Against Fish Pathogen Bacteria of Kjellbergiodendron celebicum (Koord.) Merr. Leaf Extract</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aeromonas hydrophila</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Edwardsiella ictaluri</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavobacterium columnare</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maceration</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical compound</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February  2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">173-179</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Kjellbergiodendron celebicum&lt;/em&gt; (Koord.) Merr. (local name: tombe uwa) is a plant endemic to Sulawesi, Indonesia, and grows around lakes or aquatic environments where fish live. Based on phytochemical screening in previous studies, i.e. methanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction from the leaves of &lt;em&gt;Kjellbergiodendron celebicum&lt;/em&gt; (Koord.) Merr., the methanol extract gives positive results containing polyphenol compounds in the flavonoid group which have been known to have strong antioxidant and antibacterial properties. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To test the effectiveness of the comparison of the natural content in the compounds (antibacterial and antioxidant properties) and the total content of phenol in &lt;em&gt;Kjellbergiodendron celebicum &lt;/em&gt;(Koord.) Merr., which was extracted using two methods, i.e. maceration and Ultrasonic- Assisted Extraction (UAE), in fish-disease bacteria. &lt;strong&gt;Method: &lt;/strong&gt;The leaves were separated to be extracted with two different methods: maceration and Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction (UAE). Extracts were first screened qualitatively for antioxidant activity and then quantified with respect to &lt;em&gt;in vitro &lt;/em&gt;antioxidant activity using the 2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay and the ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. Antibacterial activity was determined by the paper disc diffusion method and microdilution.&lt;strong&gt; Results: &lt;/strong&gt;70% Ethanol in leaves extract of &lt;em&gt;Kjellbergiodendron celebicum&lt;/em&gt; (Koord.) Merr. The extract which has the highest activity based on the DPPH test and FRAP test is the extract from UAE extraction with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value of 9.81512 μg/mL and ferrous equivalent antioxidant capacity (FeEAC) value of 1.661.3 μmol/gr. UAE method also has a higher potential in antibacterial activity based on the diffusion method of paper discs and microdilution with the MIC obtained as much as 390.6 μg/mL. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; the UAE extraction method is better at scanning polyphenol compounds compared to the conventional maceration extraction method. Therefore, the results of the antioxidant and antibacterial activity using the UAE method are better than the maceration method.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">173</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bianca Priscilia&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Media Fitri Isma Nugraha&lt;sup&gt;2,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Hessy Novita&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Berna Elya&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Indonesia, Depok 16424 West Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Indonesian Research Institute for Ornamental Fish Culture – the Ministry Marine and Fisheries, Jl. Perikanan No 13 Pancoran Mas Depok 16438 PO BOX 06 West Java INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Installation Pathology and Fish Disease – Ministry Marine and Fisheries. Jl Perikanan No 13 A Pancoran Mas Depok West Java INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Almurdani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adel Zamri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Titania T Nugroho</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jasril Karim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yum Eryanti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rudi Hendra</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hilwan Yuda Teruna</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Activities of Mempening (Lithocarpus bancanus) Leaves</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antidiabetic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lithocarpus bancanus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Talang Mamak Tribe</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">328-334</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Lithocarpus bancanus &lt;/em&gt;or commonly called as mempening in Talang Mamak Tribe, Indonesia is a plant that is used as a traditional medicine.&lt;strong&gt; Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aim to evaluated antioxidant and antidiabetic activities of &lt;em&gt;L. bancanus&lt;/em&gt; leaves extract. &lt;strong&gt;Material and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The methanol extract was obtained by maceration of the leaves. The n-hexane, dichloromethane and ethyl acetate fractions were prepared by successive partition process of the methanol extract. Antioxidant activities were evaluated by various antioxidant assays, including DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl), FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power), CUPRAC (&lt;em&gt;cupric reducing antioxidant capacity&lt;/em&gt;), and ABTS (&lt;em&gt;2,2’-azonobis 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid&lt;/em&gt;) method. Total phenolics were estimated based on the Folin–Ciocalteu method, while, aluminum chloride methods were employed to estimate total flavonoids. Antidiabetic activies was determined by inhibiting the activity of α-glucosidase method. Results: antioxidant activity assay against DPPH radical as well as the total phenolic and flavonoid content of &lt;em&gt;L. bancanus&lt;/em&gt; leaves showed that the methanol extract possessed IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value of 39.469 ± 0.273 μg/mL with total phenol and flavonoid were 11.426 ± 0.432 mg GAE/g dry weight sample and 15.423 ± 0.213 mg QE/g respectively. The FRAP, CUPRAC and ABTS values of methanol extract were 3494.302 ±0.456, 26665.501 ± 5.940 and 2857.977 ± 0.715 μM TE/g dry weight sample respectively. Antidiabetic activity of methanol extract with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value of 30.565 ± 0.331 μg/mL. Conclusion: It could be concluded that leaves of &lt;em&gt;L. bancanus&lt;/em&gt; have antioxidant and antidiabetic properties.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">328</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Muhammad Almurdani&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Adel Zamri&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Titania T. Nugroho&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Jasril Karim&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Yum Eryanti&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Rudi Hendra&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Hilwan Yuda Teruna&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Riau, Pekanbaru 28293, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moragot Chatatikun</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pitaksit Supjaroen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Patcharaporn Promlat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chantanapa Chantarangkul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sutida Waranuntakul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jiraphat Nawarat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jitbanjong Tangpong</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jitbanjong Tangpong</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant and Tyrosinase Inhibitory Properties of an Aqueous Extract of Garcinia atroviridis Griff. ex. T. Anderson Fruit Pericarps</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">B16F10 cells</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Garcinia atroviridis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Melanin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tyrosinase activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">α-MSH</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February  2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">71-78</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is the major cause for hyperpigmentation, and to prevent this natural products are increasingly being explored as potential skin whitening agents. The aim of this study was to determine the total phenolic and flavonoid content, free radical scavenging activity, anti-tyrosinase activity and the inhibition of melanin content in α-melanocyte stimulating hormone-induced B16F10 melanoma cells of an aqueous extract of&lt;em&gt; Garcinia atroviridis&lt;/em&gt; Griff. ex. T. Anderson fruit pericarps. Methods: The aqueous extract was prepared by extraction with distilled water at 105oC for 60 min. Total phenolic and flavonoid content were determined using the Folin-Ciocalteau and aluminium chloride methods, respectively. Scavenging activity was assessed using 2,2-Diphennyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS). Tyrosinase activity and melanin content were determined spectrophotometrically.&lt;strong&gt; Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The results showed that the aqueous extract of &lt;em&gt;Garcinia atroviridis&lt;/em&gt; fruit pericarps had a phenolic (26.33 ± 0.77 mg GAE/g plant extract) and flavonoid content (9.31 ± 0.40 mg QE/g plant extract). The aqueous extract of &lt;em&gt;Garcinia atroviridis&lt;/em&gt; significantly inhibited mushroom tyrosinase activity (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of 40.72 ± 1.83 μg/mL) and cellular tyrosinase activity (at a concentration of 125 μg/mL) in α-melanocyte stimulating hormone-induced B16F10 melanoma cells. The &lt;em&gt;Garcinia atroviridis &lt;/em&gt;extract also suppressed melanin content at concentrations of 31.25-125 μg/mL. Correlations of mushroom tyrosinase inhibition with DPPH and ABTS scavenging activities were 0.8673 and 0.9468, respectively. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Our findings show that an aqueous extract of &lt;em&gt;Garcinia atroviridis&lt;/em&gt; fruit pericarps is a source of natural compounds and antioxidant capacity which can inhibit tyrosinase activity and melanin content. Thus, aqueous extracts of &lt;em&gt;Garcinia atroviridis&lt;/em&gt; may be a potential source of skin whitening agents for hyperpigmentation.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">71</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Moragot Chatatikun&lt;sup&gt;1,2,3&lt;/sup&gt;, Pitaksit Supjaroen&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Patcharaporn Promlat&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Chantanapa Chantarangkul&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Sutida Waranuntakul&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Jiraphat Nawarat&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Jitbanjong Tangpong&lt;sup&gt;1,2,3&lt;/sup&gt;, Anchalee Chiabchalard&lt;sup&gt;5,&lt;/sup&gt;* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Research Excellence Center for Innovation and Health Product, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Center of Excellence Research for Meliodosis (CERM), Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Division of Physical Therapy, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Helmi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nanang Fakhrudin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arief Nurrochmad</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ari Sudarmanto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zullies Ikawati</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caesalpinia sappan L. Wood is a Potential Source of Natural Phosphodiesterase-1 Inhibitors</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brazilin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caesalpinia sappan L.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Herbal cognitive enhancer</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phosphodiesterase inhibitor</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytotheraphy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tetraacetylbrazilin</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1206-1217</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;A decrease in cAMP and cGMP levels in the brain is linked to human cognitive problems. The degradation of cellular cAMP and cGMP is attributed to phosphodiesterases (PDEs), which constitute a superfamily of enzymes. The inhibition of PDE1 is a promising mechanism to increase cAMP and cGMP levels associated with cognitive disorders. &lt;em&gt;Caesalpinia sappan&lt;/em&gt; L. (CS) wood is a natural coloring agent usually consumed as a traditional refreshment or drink by people in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. However, scientific evidence regarding the inhibitory activity of CS wood against PDE1 has yet to be obtained. This study aimed to investigate the potency of CS wood as a PDE1 inhibitor. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The ethanol extract of CS wood and its fractions were evaluated &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; by using a cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase assay kit. The presence of brazilin in the extract and fractions was analyzed by thin-layer chromatography.&lt;em&gt; In silico &lt;/em&gt;assay was performed using MOE software to obtain insights into the interaction between compounds in the CS wood and the enzyme. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Ethanol extract and ethyl acetate soluble fraction effectively inhibited the PDE1 activity. Interestingly, brazilin, the major compound in CS wood, also exhibited a potent inhibitory effect on the enzyme. The &lt;em&gt;in silico &lt;/em&gt;assay revealed that the interaction between tetraacetylbrazilin and brazilin with the PDE1B active site involved hydrogen bonding and π–π interactions. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Ethanol extract, ethyl acetate soluble fraction, and brazilin inhibited the PDE1 activity. CS wood and its chemical constituent could be developed as natural cognitive enhancers.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1206</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Helmi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Nanang Fakhrudin&lt;sup&gt;2,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Arief Nurrochmad&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Ari Sudarmanto&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Zullies Ikawati&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Iman AA Kassem</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ayman A Farghaly</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neveen S Ghaly</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zeinab M Hassan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marian Nabil</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Composition and Genoprotective Effect of the Flavonoidal Content of Lepidium sativum L. Methanolic Seed Extract against Cyclophosphamide- Induced DNA Damage in Mice</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chromosomal abberations</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lipidium sativum</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February  2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">124-130</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Lepidium sativum&lt;/em&gt; L. (Family Brassicaceae) is known to possess different pharmacological properties. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;The genoprotective role of flavonoids of &lt;em&gt;L. sativum &lt;/em&gt;methanolic seed extract (LSF) against cyclophosphamide (CP)-induced DNA damage, in somatic and germ cells of mice, as well as characterization of the flavonoidal content were carried out in this study. Chromosomal aberration analysis in somatic and germ cells were also included. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Six mice groups were used for this study. Group 1 served as a negative control. Group 2 received oral LSF (100 mg/kg b.wt.) for 5 consecutive days. Group 3 served as a positive control by receiving a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) CP dose (20 mg/kg b.wt.). The three other groups were orally administered 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg b.wt. LSF, respectively, for 5 consecutive days. On the last day of treatment, the three groups received i.p. injection of CP (20 mg/kg b.wt.). Flavonoids were identified using spectral analysis.&lt;strong&gt; Results: &lt;/strong&gt;LSF inhibited DNA aberrations in mice caused by cyclophosphamide dose dependently in the three groups with significant difference in the two groups that received doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg b.wt. The chromosomal aberrations inhibitory indices were calculated as 18 and 31 in mice somatic cells and 27 and 48 in germ cells, respectively. LSF was found to contain the flavonoids kaempferol, quercetin, kaempferol-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside, kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, and quercetin-3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;LSF inhibited the DNA damage induced by CP in somatic and germ cells of mice dose-dependently. The antioxidant properties associated with flavonoids might account for the genoprotective activity.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">124</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Iman AA Kassem&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Ayman A Farghaly&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Neveen S Ghaly&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Zeinab M Hassan&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Marian Nabil&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Chemistry of Natural Compounds Department, National Research Centre, Dokki 12622, Giza, EGYPT.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Genetics and Cytology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki 12622, Giza, EGYPT.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vijitra Luang-In</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Worachot Saengha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Benjaporn Buranrat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sutisa Nudmamud-Thanoi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arjan Narbad</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Supaporn Pumriw</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wannee Samappito</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytotoxicity of Lactobacillus plantarum KK518 Isolated from Pak-Sian Dong (Thai Fermented Gynandropsis pentaphylla DC.) Against HepG2, MCF-7 and HeLa Cancer Cells</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HeLa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HepG2</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">L. plantarum KK518</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MCF-7</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pak-Sian-Dong</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1050-1057</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Pak-Sian Dong is a fermented vegetable product of Thailand prepared from aerial parts of Pak-Sian (&lt;em&gt;Gynandropsis pentaphylla&lt;/em&gt; DC.). Lactobacillus plantarum KK518 was isolated from Pak-Sian Dong and already assessed for its probiotic attributes. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;The aim of this work was to determine the untapped cytotoxic effects of&lt;em&gt; L. plantarum&lt;/em&gt; KK518 extract against HepG2 (liver cancer), MCF-7 (breast cancer) and HeLa (cervical cancer) cells. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The bacterial extracts were prepared from whole cultures; containing cells and broths using ethyl acetate as extracting solvent and the dried extracts were redissolved in ethanol before use. Cytotoxic, antiproliferative and antimigratory effects of the bacterial extracts on three types of cancer cells were determined using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2, 5-diphenyltetra zolium bromide (MTT) assay, clonogenic formation and wound healing assays, respectively. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;L. plantarum&lt;/em&gt; KK518 extract showed the highest cytotoxicity at 90.88% at 1,000 μg/mL against HeLa cells (IC50 of 371.97 μg/mL) over 48 h of exposure. Anti-colony formation test showed that the bacterial extracts at 600, 800 and 1,000 μg/mL over 48 h led to a complete inhibition of colony formation of HeLa cells; however the highest IC50 of 418.52 μg/mL was found in HepG2 cells suggesting that HepG2 was least affected by bacterial extract. Likewise, HepG2 cells seemed to be most resistant to antimigratory effects as observed by highest relative area of the wound at most time intervals and most extract concentrations. Conclusion: &lt;em&gt;L. plantarum&lt;/em&gt; KK518 offers a potential use as a bio-therapeutic with chemopreventive effects against cervical, breast and liver cancers.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1050</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vijitra Luang-In&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Worachot Saengha&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Benjaporn Buranrat&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sutisa Nudmamud-Thanoi&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Arjan Narbad&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Supaporn Pumriw&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Wannee Samappito&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Natural Antioxidant Innovation Research Unit, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Technology, Mahasarakham University, Khamriang, Kantarawichai, Maha Sarakham 44150, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University, Muang, Maha Sarakham 44000, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Centre of Excellence in Medical Biotechnology, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Colney, Norwich NR4 7UA, UK.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Kalasin University, Na Mon District, Kalasin 46230, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Technology, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham 44000, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pornpun Laovachirasuwan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wutthichart Fuangbangluang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Atchariyaporn Phanichanaphan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Issarapong Nasomroop</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Methin Phadungkit</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Development of Phyllanthus emblica Extract in Ethosomes for Hair Loss Prevention</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Entrapment efficiency</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ethosomes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phyllanthus emblica</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">905-910</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Hair loss is not a serious health problem but leads to decreased self- confidence, personality, and psychological problems. According to Thai traditional medical wisdom, &lt;em&gt;Phyllanthus emblica &lt;/em&gt;has the property to prevent hair loss. Ethosomes are a drug delivery system, which can increase drug delivery to deep skin layers and enhance the effectiveness of the active ingredient.&lt;strong&gt; Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This research aims to develop ethosomes of &lt;em&gt;Phyllanthus emblica&lt;/em&gt; extract with beneficial properties. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Phyllanthus emblica&lt;/em&gt; was extracted by a maceration method with 95% ethanol as a solvent. The total phenolic content of the extracts was determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu method. The antioxidation activity was evaluated by DPPH assay. Ethosomes were formulated by a cold method and their properties were observed. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The results showed that the total phenolic content of &lt;em&gt;Phyllanthus emblica &lt;/em&gt;extract was 406.37±2.39 mg GAE/g extract. The IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of antioxidant activity was 7.05±0.17 μg/ml. Ethosomes with 0.03% of &lt;em&gt;Phyllanthus emblica &lt;/em&gt;extract, 2% of soya phosphatidylcholine, and 20% of ethanol had the highest percentage of entrapment efficiency (65.26%±1.80%). The ethosomes of &lt;em&gt;Phyllanthus emblica &lt;/em&gt;extract was the spherical shape and white colloid. The particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, and pH of ethosomes were 0.43±0.00 μm, 0.44±0.03, -10.40±0.28 mV, and 4.06±0.03, respectively. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The ethosomes of &lt;em&gt;Phyllanthus emblica&lt;/em&gt; extract had good properties and area possible alternative product for hair loss prevention.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">905</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pornpun Laovachirasuwan*, Wutthichart Fuangbangluang, Atchariyaporn Phanichanaphan, Issarapong Nasomroop, Methin Phadungkit &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahasarakham University, Kantarawichai District, Mahasarakham 44150, THAILAND&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elham Akbari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kawsar Alami</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dawood Hossaini</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohammad Latif Nazari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohammad Hossein Salehi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meysam Sajjadi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sayed Yousof Mousavi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effect of Afghan Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) Aqueous Extract on Withdrawal Signs in Morphine-Dependent Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aqueous extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Crocus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morphine dependence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Withdrawal signs</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1727-1731</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Opioid dependency, as a global problem is accompanied with serious personal, economic, social and hygienic disorders. Synthetic drugs beside their efficacies, have numerous adverse effects. As the medicinal plants have low costs and adverse effects, and they are also affective on different stages of dependency treatment, they attracted the attention of the researchers in the field of medicine. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of the aqueous extract of Afghan saffron on the withdrawal signs in morphine-dependent rats. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Rats divided into 5 groups (1 Normal Saline, 1 Morphine, and 3 Extract groups). The rats that received morphine and extract became morphine-dependent by subcutaneous (s.c.) administration of morphine hydrochloride for 7 days (2.5, 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 40 mg/kg doses twice daily on 1st to 6th days respectively, and a single dose of 50 mg/kg on 7th day). The extract groups received 100, 150 and 200 mg/kg doses of the saffron aqueous extract by intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration simultaneously with morphine. Two hours after the administration of the last dose of morphine, Naloxone (3 mg/kg, i.p.) was injected and withdrawal signs were noted for 30 minutes. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The results showed that the administration of the saffron aqueous extract (100, 150 and 200 mg/kg) significantly decreased most of the withdrawal signs in morphine-dependent rats (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.05). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Afghan saffron aqueous extract can alleviate the withdrawal signs in morphine-dependent rats.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1727</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Elham Akbari&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Kawsar Alami&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Dawood Hossaini&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Mohammad Latif Nazari&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Mohammad Hossein Salehi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Meysam Sajjadi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Sayed Yousof Mousavi&lt;sup&gt;3,&lt;/sup&gt;* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Research and Technology Center, Khatam Al-Nabieen University, Karte 4, 1st street, Kabul, AFGHANISTAN.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, Kabul Medical University, Ataturk avenue, Jamal Mena, 3rd District, Kabul, AFGHANISTAN.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Physiology, Khatam Al- Nabieen university, Karte 4, 1st street, Kabul, AFGHANISTAN.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Titik Sumarawati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ignatius Riwanto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soeharyo Hadisaputro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Edi Dharmana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Taufiqurachman Nasihun</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effect of Phaleria macrocapa on Atrophy and Apoptosis of Intestinal Mucous Cell and Phalerin Concentration at Portal Vein and Systemic Circulation in Adenocarcinoma Mice following Adriamycine and Cyclophosphamide Treatment</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Apoptosis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Atrophy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Concentration</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phalerin</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">603-610 </style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Chemotherapy has been proven capable of reducing breast cancer cell progression; however the adverse effect also emerging. Thus, diminish those adverse effects with botanical product &lt;em&gt;Phaleria macrocarpa &lt;/em&gt;(PM) as adjuvant therapy is necessary. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aimed to evaluate the effect of PM treatment in combination with &lt;em&gt;adriamycine&lt;/em&gt; and cyclophosphamide (AC) on intestinal apoptosis and their correlation with phalerin concentration in systemic circulation. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;In the experimental study, 30 female mice with adenocarcinoma were assign into 5 groups: Neg-G, only given aquadest; Portal vein group (PMV-G) and systemic circulation groups (PMC-G), were administered PM 0.146mg/day; Portal vein group (PMACV-G) and systemic circulation group (PMACC-G), were administered &lt;em&gt;Phaleria macrocarpa &lt;/em&gt;0,146 mg orally, &lt;em&gt;Adriamycine &lt;/em&gt;0,013 mg and Cyclophosphamide 0,0156 mg singgle dose intravenously. Phalerin concentration was measured by HPLC methods at minute 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 after treatment. At the end of study, intestinal mucous cell apoptosis was identified by TUNEL methods. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;independent t test analyses showed that index of apoptosis of intestinal mucous cell were significant higher in PMAC-G compared to that of Neg-G and PM-G, p &amp;lt; 0.05. In contrary, phalerin concentration in PMAC-G was significant lower compared to that of PM-G, p &amp;lt; 0.05. The Pearson analysis indicated the inverse correlation (r= -736, p&amp;gt;0.05) between apoptosis index with phalerin concentration.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Treatment of PM in combination with AC has been proven able to increase intestinal mucous cell apoptosis and decrease phalerin concentration. However, the inverse correlation didnot exist.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">603</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Titik Sumarawati&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Ignatius Riwanto&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Soeharyo Hadisaputro&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Edi Dharmana&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Taufiqurachman Nasihun&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry Medical Faculty of Sultan Islamic Agung University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Surgery, Medical Faculty of Diponegoro University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Internal Medicine Medical Faculty of Diponegoro University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Parasitology Medical Faculty of Diponegoro University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry Medical Faculty of Sultan Agung Islamic University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aditya Sindu Sakti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Astari Rachma Nityasa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fadlina Chany Saputri</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effect of Uncaria gambir and Uncaria sclerophylla on Pulmonary- Thromboembolism Mice</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antithrombotic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bleeding time</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pulmonary thromboembolism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Survival rate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Uncaria gambir</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Uncaria sclerophylla</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February  2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">192-196</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Previous studies on virtual screening on P2Y&lt;sub&gt;12 &lt;/sub&gt;receptor of Adenosine Diphosphate (ADP) have showed that Roxburghine B, the compound which is found in Uncaria species, can inhibit the receptor function. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;In this study, we investigated the effect of &lt;em&gt;Uncaria gambir &lt;/em&gt;and &lt;em&gt;Uncaria sclerophylla &lt;/em&gt;extract on survival rate and bleeding time as antithrombotic &lt;em&gt;in vivo&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Animal subjects (ddY strain mice) were divided to two different experimental group (survival rate and bleeding time). &lt;em&gt;U. gambir &lt;/em&gt;and &lt;em&gt;U. sclerophylla&lt;/em&gt; were given to the mice orally in three different dose (5 mg, 10 mg, 20 mg/20 g BW and 2.5 mg, 5 mg, 10 mg/20 g BW, respectively) for seven days. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;U. gambir&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;U. sclerophylla &lt;/em&gt;able to prolong bleeding time from test subjects equivalent to ASA as standard. The results show the increasing number of survived animals in the treated group compared to the negative control group.&lt;strong&gt; Conclussion:&lt;/strong&gt; Both of &lt;em&gt;U. gambir &lt;/em&gt;and &lt;em&gt;U. sclerophylla &lt;/em&gt;prevent pulmonary thromboembolism on mice subjects represent by the increased of survival rate. Antithrombotic effects that were observed suggested was provide by their antiplatelet activity.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">192</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aditya Sindu Sakti&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Astari Rachma Nityasa&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Fadlina Chany Saputri&lt;sup&gt;2,&lt;/sup&gt;*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Drug Development Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI Depok 16424 West Java INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI Depok, West Java, 16424, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fendi Yoga Wardana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Defi Kartika Sari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Myrna Adianti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adita Ayu Permanasari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lidya Tumewu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tomoyoshi Nozaki</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aty Widyawaruyanti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Achmad Fuad Hafid</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In vitro Anti-Amebic Activity of Cage Xanthones from Cratoxylum sumatranum Stem Bark Against Entamoeba histolytica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amoebiasis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bioactivity-guided isolation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cratoxylum sumatranum</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Entamoeba histolytica</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NAD kinase</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">452-458</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Amoebiasis is caused by&lt;em&gt; Entamoeba histolytica,&lt;/em&gt; which is a pathogenic species living on human colon tissues. The development of new drugs for anti-amebic are still very needed for clinical treatment. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This aims to identify the compounds in &lt;em&gt;Cratoxylum sumatranum&lt;/em&gt; for their anti-amoeba activity. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;In this study we used bioactivity-guided isolation and structural analysis to identified anti-amebic compounds from dichloromethane extract of &lt;em&gt;Cratoxylum sumatranum&lt;/em&gt; stem bark. Their anti-amebic activity was determined by an &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; cell-based assay against&lt;em&gt; Entamoeba histolytica &lt;/em&gt;and an enzymatic assay on NAD kinase.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Two known compounds from the cage xanthone groups, namely cochinchinoxanthone (1) and cochinchinone D (2), were isolated. The structures of the cage xanthone compounds were established by extensive spectroscopic data analysis. Compound (1) showed the greatest level of anti-amebic activity both in cell-based and enzymatic assay, yielding IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values of 4.57 and 12.17 μg/mL, respectively. In contrast, compound (2) yielded IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values of 5.19 and 12.60 μg/mL, respectively. Conclusion: When considering the demonstrated anti-amebic activities, it becomes apparent that these compounds, isolated from &lt;em&gt;Cratoxylum sumatranum &lt;/em&gt;stem bark, have the potential to be further developed into effective anti-amebic medicine against &lt;em&gt;Entamoeba histolytica.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">452</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fendi Yoga Wardana&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Defi Kartika Sari&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Myrna Adianti&lt;sup&gt;2,3&lt;/sup&gt;, Adita Ayu Permanasari&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Lidya Tumewu&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Tomoyoshi Nozaki&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Aty Widyawaruyanti&lt;sup&gt;2,5&lt;/sup&gt;, Achmad Fuad Hafid&lt;sup&gt;2,5,&lt;/sup&gt;* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Graduate Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60115, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Natural Product Medicine Research and Development, Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60115, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Health, Faculty of Vocational Education, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60115, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of School of International Health, Laboratorium of Biomedical Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, JAPAN.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60115, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sandile Nduduzo Mboyazi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mduduzi Innocent Nqotheni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tsolanku Sidney Maliehe</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jabulani Siyabonga Shandu</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In vitro Antibacterial and In silico Toxicity Properties of Phytocompounds from Ricinus communis Leaf Extract</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemical compounds</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ricinus communis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toxicity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">977-983</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;The rapid occurrence of multiple drug resistance and adverse side effects of aliphatic medicine threatens human health. Medicinal plants are known to possess phytocompounds with antibacterial activity and less toxic effects.&lt;strong&gt; Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; This study aimed at determining the chemical composition of the methanolic&lt;em&gt; Ricinus communis&lt;/em&gt;` leaf extract and evaluate their antibacterial and toxic effects. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;R. communis&lt;/em&gt; leaves were extracted by acetone, chloroform, ethanol and methanol. The extracts were assessed for antibacterial activity against &lt;em&gt;Bacillus cereus&lt;/em&gt; (ATCC 10102), &lt;em&gt;Escherichia coli &lt;/em&gt;(25922), &lt;em&gt;Staphylococcus aureus&lt;/em&gt; (25923) and &lt;em&gt;Pseudomonas aeruginosa&lt;/em&gt; (ATCC 27853) using agar-well diffusion and microwell dilution methods. The extracts were screened for alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, tannins and terpenoids. The chemical constituents of the methanolic extract were analysed by gas chromatography – mass spectrophotometry (GC-MS). In silico toxicity of the phytocompounds were investigated using PreADMET tool. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The methanol extract showed the antibacterial activity against the bacterial strains, with the MIC values of 1.56 mg/mL against &lt;em&gt;B. cereus&lt;/em&gt;, 3.13 mg/mL and 6.25 mg/mL against &lt;em&gt;P. aeruginosa&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;E. coli&lt;/em&gt;. The extracts revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, steroids, tannins, terpenoids and saponins. The GC-MS showed phytocompounds namely hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester (0.62%), tridecanoic acid (0.76%), pentafluoropropionic acid, nonyl ester (0.85%), 10-octadecanoic acid, methyl ester (2.93%) and cis-vaccenic acid (94.84%). Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester was predicted not to have mutagenic and carcinogenic effects. Moreover, all compounds exhibited low inhibitory risks against hERG gene. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;R. communis &lt;/em&gt;leaf extract has potential to be used as a safe source of therapeutic compounds.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">977</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sandile Nduduzo Mboyazi&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Mduduzi Innocent Nqotheni&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Tsolanku Sidney Maliehe&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Jabulani Siyabonga Shandu&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3886, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">R Ram Narayanan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TK Gopal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">D Chamundeeswari</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In vitro Evaluation of Anthelmintic Activity of Gymnema sylvestre Plant</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nil</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">809-814</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;The evaluation of anthelmintic activity of &lt;em&gt;Gymnema sylvestre &lt;/em&gt;was performed by bioassay method where hot and cold hydroalcoholic extracts were used against earthworm (&lt;em&gt;Pheretima posthuma&lt;/em&gt;). The anthelmintic assay was carried out as the 50ml formulations containing five different concentrations of each cold and hot hydroalcholic extracts (25, 50, 100 ,250 and 500mg/ml in distilled water) were prepared and six worms (same type) were placed in them. Time for paralysis and death time was noted. Albendazole (20mg/ml) was used as a reference standard, while normal saline as the control.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">809</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;R Ram Narayanan&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, TK Gopal&lt;sup&gt;2,&lt;/sup&gt;*, D Chamundeeswari&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;B.Pharmacy third year, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Assistant professor, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sri Ramachandra nstitute of Higher Education and Research, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Principal of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sri Ramchandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Budi Santosa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Budi Santosa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aprilia Indah Kartika</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fitri Nuroini</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aditya Rahman Ernanto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Annisa Ayuningtyas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohd Nazil Salleh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Siti Thomas Zulaikhah</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Isolation, Identification Similarity and Qualitative Expression of Metallothionein Gene in IR-Bagendit Rice (Oryza sativa)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IR-Bagendit</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Metal Exposure</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Metallothionein</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MTs-like gene</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rice</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">709-715</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Metallothionein (MTs) is an enzyme that plays a role in the binding of metals in plants. Various types of rice have been known to contain MTs and IR-Bagendit rice leaves have the highest MTs protein content compared to other rice varieties. However, MTs coding gene in IRBagendit rice variety is still unknown. OsRAC1 gene is reported as the down-regulator of MTs and there is an analogous gene for MTs-like gene using RAP1 and RAP2 primers in various plants. This study aimed to isolate, identification of similarity, and analysis of qualitative expression of MTs gene in IR-Bagendit rice as compared to Inpari, IR-36, and IR-34. The steps of this research were DNA isolation, PCR in OsRAC1 gene, RNA isolation and cDNA reverse transcription using primer RP1 and RP2, and agarose gel electrophoresis. Amplification quality of OsRAC1 gene in IR-Bagendit, Inpari, IR-36, and IR-34 showed the same result. Qualitative expression of MTs by reverse transcription showed that IR-Bagendit has the highest MTs-like gene compared to other samples.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">709</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Budi Santosa&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Sri Darmawati&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Aprilia Indah Kartika&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Fitri Nuroini&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Aditya Rahman Ernanto&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Annisa Ayuningtyas&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Mohd Nazil Salleh&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Siti Thomas Zulaikhah&lt;sup&gt;4,&lt;/sup&gt;* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Nursing and Health Science, Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang, 50273 Semarang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Nutrition Division, Faculty of Nursing and Health Science Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang, 50273 Semarang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Engineering and Life Sciences, Universiti Selangor, Campus Shah Alam, 40000 Selangor, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Sultan Agung Islamic University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bokov DO</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Barkalova VE</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suslikova MA</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sokhin DM</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kakhramanova SD</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rendyuk TD</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Strelyaeva AV</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antsyshkina AM</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Balobanova NP</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prostodusheva TV</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grikh VV</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Krasnyuk II1 (junior)</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marakhova AI</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moiseev DV</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lathraea squamaria L. (Orobanchaceae): A Review of its Botany, Phytochemistry, Traditional Uses and Pharmacology</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aucubin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemical compounds</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Common toothwort</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Iridoids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lathraea squamaria</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Orobanchaceae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Parasitic plants</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">667-673 </style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;This paper presents the results of the review pharmacognostic study of common toothwort, a perennial plant, parasitizing on the roots of trees. Currently, in Russian traditional medicine, there is considerable experience in the use of сommon toothwort (&lt;em&gt;Lathraea squamaria&lt;/em&gt; L.) herb and roots as antitumoral, biligenic, infertility-treatment and diuretic drugs. The chemical composition of &lt;em&gt;L. squamaria&lt;/em&gt; has not been quite well determined. Phenylethanoid glycosides (acteoside, isoacteoside), iridoid glycosides (aucubin, and aucuboside ester, 6'-O-glucopyranosyl-aucubin, melampyroside, 6'-O-glucopyranosyl melampyroside), simple sugars, fatty acids, organic acids, β-sitosterol were identified. Further study of&lt;em&gt; L. squamaria &lt;/em&gt;raw materials is a very promising field including implementation in official medicine.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Review Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">667</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bokov DO&lt;sup&gt;1,2,#,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Barkalova VE&lt;sup&gt;3,#&lt;/sup&gt;, Suslikova MA&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Sokhin DM&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Kakhramanova SD&lt;sup&gt;1,4&lt;/sup&gt;, Rendyuk TD&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Strelyaeva AV&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Antsyshkina AM&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Balobanova NP&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Prostodusheva TV&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Grikh VV&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Krasnyuk II&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; (junior), Marakhova AI&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Moiseev DV&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Institute of Pharmacy, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8 Trubetskaya St., bldg. 2, Moscow, 119991, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Federal Research Center of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, 2/14 Ustyinsky pr., Moscow, 109240, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pediatrics, Siberian State Medical University, 2 Moscow tract, 634050, Tomsk, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of State Pharmacopoeia and pharmacopoeia analysis, Federal State Budgetary Institution “Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products”, 8/2 Petrovsky Boulevard, Moscow, 127051, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Pharmaceutical chemistry and pharmacognosy chair, Рeoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6, Miklukho-Maklaya Street, Moscow, 117198, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Chair of Standardization of Medicines, Vitebsk State Medical University, 27, Frunze avenue, Vitebsk, 210062, BELARUS. #Bokov DO, Barkalova V.E. contributed equally to this work.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bokov DO</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Potanina OG</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nikulin AV</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shchukin VM</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Orlova VA</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bagirova GB</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kakhramanova SD</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Al- Khafaji H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Balobanova NP</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evgrafov AA</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Samylina IA</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Krasnyuk II</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Golubeva OA</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kuleshova ES</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moiseev DV</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bessonov VV</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Modern Approaches to the Analysis of Kelp (Laminaria sp.) as Pharmacopoeial Herbal Drugs and Food Products</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">alginic acid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fucoidan</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Iodine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kelp</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laminaria japonica</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laminaria saccharina</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laminarin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mannitol</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">929-937</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Currently, the chemical composition of&lt;em&gt; Laminaria&lt;/em&gt; J.V. Lamour. species is well studied; they have found applications in the food, cosmeceutical and pharmaceutical industries. The main groups of biologically active compounds are polysaccharides (alginic acid, laminarin, mannitol, fucoidan, and others) and minerals (iodine compounds, magnesium, potassium, calcium, iron) that are determined according to pharmacopoeial and All-Union State Standards requirements.&lt;strong&gt; Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;For data obtaining various types of search tools and engines such as Google, Google scholar, scientific literature (including Russian sources), normative documentation of Russian Federation (State Pharmacopoeia of Russian Federation IV edition, All-Union State Standards, and others) electronic databases such as e-Library, Scopus, Web of Science, Pubmed were used. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; In the course of this review study, a modern characteristic of the kelp thallus as a pharmaceutical, cosmeceutical, food substance of plant origin is presented. The data on the chemical composition, harvesting, and processing of raw materials are summarized. The standardization and safety issues of kelp thallus are considered taking into account modern pharmacopoeial and food international requirements. The approaches to the qualitative and quantitative analysis of biologically active compounds (polysaccharides, iodine) and the determination of safety indicators are studied. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; The regulatory documentation that is used in the quality control of kelp needs to be finalized and updated. For pharmacopoeial analysis, all possible physicochemical methods (gravimetric, titrimetric, spectrophotometric) should be presented in the newly approved monograph. In this case, modern procedures should be developed, including HPLC with various types of detection (determination of the carbohydrates profile and polysaccharides, including methods with acid and enzyme hydrolysis). This will ensure the required level of quality, the safety of kelp (Laminaria) raw materials.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Review Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">929</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bokov DO&lt;sup&gt;1,2,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Potanina OG&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Nikulin AV&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Shchukin VM&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Orlova VA&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Bagirova GB&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Kakhramanova SD&lt;sup&gt;1,4&lt;/sup&gt;, Al-Khafaji H&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Balobanova NP&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Evgrafov AA&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Samylina IA&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Krasnyuk II&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; (junior), Golubeva OA&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Kuleshova ES&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Moiseev DV&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;, Bessonov VV&lt;sup&gt;2 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8 Trubetskaya St., bldg. 2, Moscow, 119991, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Federal Research Center of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, 2/14 Ustyinsky pr., Moscow, 109240, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Рeoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6, Miklukho-Maklaya Street, Moscow, 117198, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Federal State Budgetary Institution “Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products”, 8/2 Petrovsky Boulevard, Moscow, 127051, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Murmansk State Technical University, 183010, str. Sportivnaya, 13, Murmansk, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Orel State University named after I.S. Turgenev, 95 Komsomolskaya st., Orel region, Orel, 302026, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Vitebsk State Medical University, 27, Frunze avenue, Vitebsk, 210062, BELARUS.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aina Akmal Mohd Noor</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Siti Nurul Najiha Othman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pei Teng Lum</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shankar Mani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohd Farooq Shaikh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mahendran Sekar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecules of Interest – Karanjin – A Review</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemistry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karanja</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karanjin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pongam oil tree</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pongamia pinnata</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">938-945</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;At the present time, several plants are largely contributing to the medical field due to its valuable use. Scientific evidence generated with their special inherent compounds gave more confidence to the scientific community. &lt;em&gt;Pongamia pinnata&lt;/em&gt; (Linn.) is an Indian native plant and well exploited in Ayurvedic medicinal system. Concurrently, a few pieces of scientific research have been done to prove the therapeutic activity of this medicinal plant. The medicinal properties of this plant are most likely due to its principal active compound, karanjin. As a molecule of interest, karanjin is an antioxidant and also exerts other biological benefits. Karanjin has also been recognized to be used in agricultural and environmental management other than medicinal purposes. &lt;strong&gt;Objectives: &lt;/strong&gt;This review aimed to provide a brief information on the chemical and biological properties of karanjin along with its traditional uses. It is also discusses the scientific evidences available for its various biological properties. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Various databases such as Google, Google Scholar Scopus, Web of Science, Pubmed had been searched and the data was obtained. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The chemistry and reported biological properties of karanjin were highlighted. Karanjin revealed antidiabetic, anticancer, antioxidant, gastroprotective, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and anti-Alzheimer's activities, and thus has several possible applications in clinical research. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Therefore, further research may help in exploiting its properties and emergent phytopharmaceuticals based on it.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Review Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">938</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aina Akmal Mohd Noor&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Siti Nurul Najiha Othman&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Pei Teng Lum&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Shankar Mani&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Mohd. Farooq Shaikh&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Mahendran Sekar&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Universiti Kuala Lumpur Royal College of Medicine Perak, Ipoh - 30450, Perak, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Sri Adichunchanagiri College of Pharmacy, Adichunchanagiri University, BG Nagara, Nagamangala, Mandya - 571418, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Neuropharmacology Research Strength, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bokov DO</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Krasikova MK</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sergunova EV</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bobkova NV</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kovaleva TYu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bondar AA</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marakhova AI</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morokhina SL</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Krasnyuk II</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moiseev DV</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognostic, Phytochemical and Ethnopharmacological Potential of Cyclamen coum Mill</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coumoside A</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coumoside B</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cyclacumin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cyclamen coum</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cyclaminorin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deglucocyclamine</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February  2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">204-212</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; This review focuses on characterization of &lt;em&gt;Cyclamen coum &lt;/em&gt;Mill. (&lt;em&gt;Myrsinaceae&lt;/em&gt;), composition and content of biologically active substances presented in the above-ground and underground parts, reporting use of this plant in traditional medicine, predicting possible pharmacotherapeutic effects. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Various electronic search engines such as Google, Google scholar, scientific literature, electronic databases such as e-Library, Scopus, Web of Science, Pubmed had been searched and data obtained. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Cyclamen &lt;/em&gt;L. is classified in the &lt;em&gt;Myrsinaceae&lt;/em&gt; family now. It is a typical element of the Mediterranean flora. C. coum. is a species characteristic of the Caucasus and Crimea with rounded leaves and rounded corolla lobes, bright and pink-purple flowers. Chemical composition of biologically active substances of&lt;em&gt; C. coum&lt;/em&gt; was described in sufficient detail. &lt;em&gt;C. coum&lt;/em&gt; contains saponins (coumoside A, coumoside B, cyclaminorin, deglucocyclamin, cyclacoumin, and mirabilin lactone), sterols (stigmasterol and other related compounds), piperidine alkaloid (2-β-D-glycopyranosyl-2-undecil-3,5-dihydroxy-6-carboxypiperidine), flavonoids, phenols, tannins, cardiac glycosides. Antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, and antitumor activities are established for different &lt;em&gt;C. coum&lt;/em&gt; extracts. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;C. coum &lt;/em&gt;can be used for the production of potential anticancer, antibacterial and antifungal drugs. It should be noted that more pharmacognostic, pharmacological studies are needed for providing further information to use this medicinal plant in the official medicine. Also, standardization procedures for a crude herbal drug should be developed.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Review Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">204</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bokov DO&lt;sup&gt;1,2,&lt;/sup&gt;*,#, Krasikova MK&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;#, Sergunova EV&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Bobkova NV&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Kovaleva TYu&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Bondar AA&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Marakhova AI&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Morokhina SL&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Krasnyuk II&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Moiseev DV&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Institute of Pharmacy, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8 Trubetskaya St., bldg. 2, Moscow, 119991, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Federal Research Center for Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, 2/14 Ustyinsky pr., Moscow, 109240, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Institute of Biochemical Technology and Nanotechnology, Рeoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6, Miklukho-Maklaya Street, Moscow, 117198, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Preparatory faculty, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation (Financial University), 55, Leningradsky Prospekt, Moscow, 125057, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Chair of Standardization of Medicines, Vitebsk State Medical University, 27, Frunze avenue, Vitebsk, 210062, BELARUS #Bokov DO, Krasikova MK contributed equally to this work.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sreedhar V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J Mastanaiah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">B Chakrapani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">D Venkata Narayana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">B Nagendra Babu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">M Sushma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">C Usha Sree</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">N Krishna Sree</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacological Screening of Anti Lice and Antidandruff Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Leaves of Datura metel</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti dandruff</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti lice</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Datura metel</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ethnomedical use</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacological screening</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1653-1657</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;It should be noticed that there is no drugs is available to treat lice and dandruff both are very great public health concern. So it is necessary to screen a drug especially of herbal origin to treat the both head lice and dandruff without affecting eyes. In the present study, &lt;em&gt;Datura metel &lt;/em&gt;leaf extracts was evaluated for their insecticidal properties using head lice as an insect model. The study was conducted from November 2019 to March 2020. Plant sample (leaf) of &lt;em&gt;Datura metel&lt;/em&gt; was collected from anantapur, Andhra Pradesh, India in November 2019. The various concentration of ethanolic extract of leaves of &lt;em&gt;Datura metel&lt;/em&gt; was prepared by using distilled water. 20%, 40%, 60% were used. A colony of P.humanus capitis was collected by combing the hair of 20-25 infected children at the age group of 10-15. Head lice were reared in the glass vessels covered with nylon mesh containing tufts of hairs. The hair tufts was impregnated with appropriate doses for the screening. Pure culture of M.furfur (MTCC: 1374) was obtained from institute of Microbial type of culture collection, Chandigarh, India. The culture was maintained in SDA medium. The current study afford scientific basis for the ethnomedical use of this plant as antilice application. It is concluded that it can be optimistic that the present work proved &lt;em&gt;Datura metel &lt;/em&gt;of dual therapeutic advantage to be a potential phytochemical target in the design of a drug for the treatment of both lice and dandruff.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1653</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sreedhar V&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, J Mastanaiah&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, B Chakrapani&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, D Venkata Narayana&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, B Nagendra Babu&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, M Sushma&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, C Usha Sree&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, N Krishna Sree&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Balaji College of Pharmacy, Rudrampeta, Alamur, Ananthapuramu, Andhra Pradesh 515001, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bokov DO</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karabeshkin DI</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Samylina IA</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Potanina OG</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Krasnyuk II</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Malinkin AD</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sergunova EV</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kovaleva TYu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bobkova NV</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antsyshkina AM</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bondar AA</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evgrafov AA</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Galiakhmetova EK</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moiseev DV</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bessonov VV</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacopoeial Analysis of Inulin-Containing Medicinal Plant Raw Materials and Drugs</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fructosans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HPLC-RID</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inulin quantitative determination</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polyfructans</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">415-421</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Today, there are some unresolved issues and discussions concerning inulin quantitative determination in medicinal plant raw materials (MPRM). MPRM containing polyfructans or fructosans (inulin and others) are rather complex multicomponent matrixes with many interacting compounds. The article discusses the prospects for further standardization of inulin-containing pharmacopoeial MPRM that include, in addition to polysaccharides (inulin), other biologically active compounds with pharmacological activity. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Different types of search tools such as Google scholar, Google, scientific literature, normative documentation of Russian Federation (State Pharmacopoeia of Russian Federation IV edition and others) electronic databases such as e-Library, Scopus, Web of Science, Pubmed had been searched and data obtained. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The pharmacopoeial spectrophotometric procedures of inulin determination in the Russian Federation are approved in a version that does not fully satisfy modern standardization criteria. Regulatory changes required in the near future. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Undoubtedly, to determine inulin quantitatively, it is necessary to modify the existing spectrophotometric procedures and introduce an additional alternative, more specific HPLC-RID (or similar) ones.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Review Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">415</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bokov DO1,2,&lt;sup&gt;*,#&lt;/sup&gt;, Karabeshkin DI&lt;sup&gt;3,#&lt;/sup&gt;, Samylina IA&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Potanina OG&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Krasnyuk II&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; (junior), Malinkin AD&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sergunova EV&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Kovaleva TYu&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Bobkova NV&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Antsyshkina AM&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Bondar AA&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Evgrafov AA&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Galiakhmetova EK&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Moiseev DV&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Bessonov VV&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Institute of Pharmacy, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8 Trubetskaya St., bldg. 2, Moscow, 119991, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Federal Research Center of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, 2/14 Ustyinsky pr., Moscow, 109240, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Normal physiology department, Northern State Medical University, 51Troitsky pr., 163000, Arkhangelsk, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Pharmaceutical chemistry and pharmacognosy chair, Рeoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6, Miklukho-Maklaya Street, Moscow, 117198, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of pharmacognosy with a course in botany and the basics of herbal medicine, Bashkir state medical University, 3, Lenina str., Ufa, 450008, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Chair of Standardization of Medicines, Vitebsk State Medical University, 27, Frunze avenue, Vitebsk, 210062, BELARUS.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;#&lt;/sup&gt;Contributed equally to this work.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Van Ba Nguyen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Binh Duong Vu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gia Khanh Pham</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bach Quang Le</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Van Chuyen Nguyen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chu Van Men</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Van Thu Nguyen</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phenolic Compounds from Caesalpinia sappan</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analgesic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caesalpinia sappan</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caesalpiniaceae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Homoisoflavonoids</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">410-414</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Caesalpinia sappan &lt;/em&gt;L., a traditional ingredient of food and beverages in South East Asia, was investigated for its chemical constituents. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The compounds were isolated by column chromatography and their chemical structures were elucidated by NMR spectroscopy and confirmed by comparison of their NMR data with literature data. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Repeated column chromatography of the EtOAc-soluble fraction from the heartwood of &lt;em&gt;C. sappan&lt;/em&gt; resulted in the isolation of sappanchalcone (1), caesalpiniaphenol G (2), and quercetin (3). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Three phenolic compounds have been successfully isolated from &lt;em&gt;C. sappan&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">410</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Van Ba Nguyen&lt;sup&gt;#&lt;/sup&gt;, Binh Duong Vu&lt;sup&gt;#&lt;/sup&gt;, Gia Khanh Pham, Bach Quang Le, Van Chuyen Nguyen, Chu Van Men*, Van Thu Nguyen*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Vietnam Military Medical University, 160 Phung Hung, Ha Dong District, Hanoi, VIETNAM.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;#&lt;/sup&gt;These authors contributed equally to this work.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nurlina Ibrahim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Siti Nuryanti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Asriani Hasanuddin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Sulaiman Zubair</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical Analysis and Antihyperuricemic Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Moringa oleifera Seeds</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antihyperuricemic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moringa oleifera</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercetin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Total flavonoids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Xanthin Oxidase</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1698-1704</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Moringa oleifera &lt;/em&gt;is a popular plant that has been known to have several importance biological activities.&lt;strong&gt; Objectives: &lt;/strong&gt;To perform phytochemical analysis, to in vivo evaluate the antihyperuricemic activity and to measure the inhibition of ethanolic extract of &lt;em&gt;Moringa oleifera&lt;/em&gt; seed on xanthine oxidase enzyme.&lt;strong&gt; Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The seed were collected from Sigi regency, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Extraction was performed by maceration method with ethanol 96% as a solvent. Thin layer chromatography (TLC), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and spectrophotometric UV-Vis were used to determine the phytochemical contents. The antihyperuricemic activity was evaluated by using in vivo model of rat induced by potassium oxonate. The xanthin oxidase inhibitory activity was also determined by spectroscopic method by measuring the catalytic rate of xanthin oxidase enzyme. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Phytochemical analysis confirmed the presence of alkaloids, terpenoids, flavonoids, phenolics, saponin and tannin. Quantitative determination of total flavonoids and quercetin concentration found the values of 82.17 ± 0.684 mg QE/g and 0.5131 ± 0.0022 mg/g dried extract, respectively. Ethanolic extract of &lt;em&gt;Moringa oleifera&lt;/em&gt; seed have potential antihyperuricemic activity in which it can significantly reduce the serum uric acid level on potassium oxonate-induced hyperuricemic rat model with the effective dose of 125 mg/ kg BW. Xanthin oxidase inhibitory activity showed the moderate activity with IC&lt;sub&gt;50 &lt;/sub&gt;of 88.39 μg/ml. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; This study confirmed the potential of&lt;em&gt; Moringa oleifera&lt;/em&gt; seed ethanolic extract, growing in Sigi, Central Sulawesi to be developed as herbal medicinal source for antihyperuricemic drug.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1698</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nurlina Ibrahim&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Siti Nuryanti&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Asriani Hasanuddin&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Sulaiman Zubair&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Sciences, Tadulako University, Kampus Bumi Tadulako, 94118, Palu, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Tadulako University, Kampus Bumi Tadulako, 94118, Palu, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Fisheries, Tadulako University, Kampus Bumi Tadulako, 94118, Palu, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ade Arsianti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anton Bahtiar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vincent Kharisma Wangsaputra</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Norma Nur Azizah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wilzar Fachri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lince Dameria Nadapdap</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ajeng Megawati Fajrin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hiroki Tanimoto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kiyomi Kakiuchi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical Composition and Evaluation of Marine Algal Sargassum polycystum for Antioxidant Activity and In Vitro Cytotoxicity on Hela Cells</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytotoxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HeLa cells</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">phytochemisty</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sargassum polycystum</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February  2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">88-94</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sargassum polycystum&lt;/em&gt; is one of marine algal which has a potent antioxidant anticancer activities. This research aims to investigate phytochemical composition, antioxidant activity and &lt;em&gt;in vitro &lt;/em&gt;cytotoxicity of marine algal &lt;em&gt;Sargassum polycystum &lt;/em&gt;on cervical HeLa cancer.&lt;strong&gt; Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Sargassum polycystum&lt;/em&gt; collected from Dompu beach, Lombok, Nusa Tenggara Barat Province, Indonesia, were extracted into organic solvent of n-hexane, ethylacetate, chloroform and ethanol, respectively. Subsequently, &lt;em&gt;Sargassum polycystum&lt;/em&gt; extracts were applied for Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) analysis, phytochemistry test, total phenolic and total flavonoid contents, as well as for antioxidant activity test by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) method, and in vitro cytotoxicity evaluation on HeLa cells by MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5- diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Phytochemical analysis of&lt;em&gt; S. polycystum&lt;/em&gt; extracts are positive for metabolites of flavonoid, steroid, tannin and glycoside. TLC analysis revealed that &lt;em&gt;S. polycystum&lt;/em&gt; extracts containing four phytochemical components. Ethylacetate extract of&lt;em&gt; S. polycystum&lt;/em&gt; showed the highest total phenolic content, and exhibited greater antioxidant activity than ethanol extract. Total phenolic and total flavonoid content in ethylacetate extract are 548.61 μg/mL and 40.06 μg /mL, respectively. Ethylacetate extract of &lt;em&gt;S. polycystum&lt;/em&gt; with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value of 298.3 μg/mL is assigned to have a weak antioxidant activity against DPPH free radical. The results indicate that antioxidant activity of ethylacetate extracts of &lt;em&gt;S. polycystum&lt;/em&gt; is directly correlated with its total phenolic and flavonoid content. Moreover, &lt;em&gt;S. polycystum&lt;/em&gt; extracts demonstrated a strong anticancer activity on cervical HeLa cells with IC&lt;sub&gt;50 &lt;/sub&gt;ranging from 38.3 μg/mL to 112.8 μg/mL. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; This work confirmed that S.polycystum are promising natural antioxidant and anti-cervical cancer agents.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">88</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ade Arsianti&lt;sup&gt;1,2,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Anton Bahtiar&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Vincent Kharisma Wangsaputra&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Norma Nur Azizah&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Wilzar Fachri&lt;sup&gt;5,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Lince Dameria Nadapdap&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Ajeng Megawati Fajrin1, Hiroki Tanimoto&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Kiyomi Kakiuchi&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Drug Development Research Cluster, Indonesia Medical Education and Research Institute (IMERI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Jalan Salemba Raya 6 Jakarta 10430, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Indonesia, Depok, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Medical Student, Faculty of Medicine University of Indonesia, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Medical Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara, JAPAN.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bendiar Salma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">El Faqer Othman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chennaoui Sanaa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Benjelloun Naima</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mtairag El Mostafa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oudghiri Mounia</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical Screening and in vivo Immunosuppressive, Antioxidant and Anti-hemolytic Activities of Zea mays Silk Aqueous Extract</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-hemolytic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inhibition of antibody production</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neutrophil bactericidal activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zea mays silk</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1412-1420</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;The use of plants in traditional medicine goes back to antiquity and still represents an essential part of the Moroccan health care system due to their effectiveness. Although&lt;em&gt; Zea mays&lt;/em&gt; (ZM) silks are considered as waste products, they are consumed for their medicinal properties. They are rich in bioactive components, giving them a wide range of uses as remedies. The aim of this study was to evaluate after a phytochemical screening, the effect of ZM silk aqueous extract on humoral immune response, on Neutrophil bactericidal, antioxidants and hemolytic activities. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The antioxidant activity was assessed using DPPH. Hemagglutination titer assay was used to evaluate the effect on humoral immunity. Hemolytic effect of ZM was evaluated by quantifying hemoglobin rates. The effect on Neutrophil bactericidal activity was assessed using MTT colorimetric assay. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The extract exhibited high quantity of saponins and flavones; a high antioxidant activity (IC50: 247,15 vs. control 0,152 mg/ml), a significant (p&amp;lt;0, 05) immunosuppressive effect in vivo on titer values of antibodies (80 times) as well as an antibacterial effect on &lt;em&gt;Staphylococcus aureus&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Salmonella enteritidis&lt;/em&gt;. A significant suppression of Neutrophil bactericidal activity of cells treated with 0, 5 and 1g/ml of ZM extract was observed. It also exhibited a significant dose-dependent anti-hemolytic activity with the lowest hemolytic activity was found with the lowest concentrations of the extract. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Our results indicate that aqueous extract of ZM silk possess antioxidant, anti-hemolytic activity as well as an immunosuppressive activity by decreasing humoral immune and Neutrophil bactericidal responses.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1412</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bendiar Salma, El Faqer Othman, Chennaoui Sanaa, Benjelloun Naima, Mtairag El Mostafa, Oudghiri Mounia* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Immunology and Biodiversity laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Route El Jadida, BP 5366, Maarif, Casablanca, MOROCCO.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Taufiqurrachman Nasihun</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eni Widayati</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pimpinella Treatment on Reducing Apoptosis of Kidney Cells Following UVB Radiation in Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Apoptosis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bax</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caspase3</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kidney Cells</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pimpinella alpina Molk</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">503-509 </style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Pimpinella alpina Molk (PM) is a botanical antioxidant was able to inhibit apoptosis in various cells. Apoptosis is a leading cause of tubular atrophy and therefore chronic kidney disease. However, the effect of PM on reducing apoptosis in kidney cells remains unclear. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; aim of this study to elucidate the effect of PM on reducing apoptosis in kidney cells. Methods: In the post test only control group design, 35 male rats were grouped into 7 comprise: NC-G, samples were neither exposure to UVB nor PM treatment; NG-7 and NG-15, all samples were only exposure to UVB irradiation for 7 days; P10-7, P15-7, P10-15, P15-15 groups, samples were exposure to UVB for 7 days and treated with PM for 7 and 15 days respectively. Bax and Caspase3 expression were assessed by rt-PCR and IHC staining method. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Statistical analysis showed that RNA-Bax and RNA-caspase3, Bax and caspase3 protein expression in P15-7, P10-15 and P15-15 were lower significantly compared to those of NG-7, p&amp;lt;0.05, and no significant difference compared to those of NC-G, p &amp;gt; 0.05.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; PM treatment with 100 and 150 mg/day for seven and fifteen days were able to decrease Bax and Caspase3 expression in kidney cells following UVB irradiation. Even, the decreased in Bax and caspase3 expression were comparable to normal.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">503</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Taufiqurrachman Nasihun&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Eni Widayati&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Sultan Agung Islamic University, Semarang, Central Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Medical Faculty, Sultan Agung Islamic University, Central Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Susi Novaryatiin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Syahrida Dian Ardhany</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Potential Anti-acne: Bawang Dayak (Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) Urb.) from Central Kalimantan-Indonesia</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acne-causing bacteria</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) Urb.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Minimum inhibitory concentration</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February  2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">52-57</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Research development has been carried out by exploring antimicrobial agents from herbal sources that can be further developed as anti-acne drugs. Some previous studies reported that bawang dayak has antibacterial properties. However, the study of bawang dayak as anti-acne in Indonesia was limited so that it becomes one of the reasons why this study should be developed. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This study was aimed to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of bawang dayak ethanol extract and to determine the antibacterial activity of the chloroform fraction and the ethyl acetate fraction of bawang dayak extract. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The MIC value was determinate by measured initial absorbance and final absorbance of ten variations of concentration of extract using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The antibacterial activity of chloroform and ethyl acetate fraction was performed using the disc diffusion technique, with five variations of concentration against &lt;em&gt;P.acnes, S. epidermidis, S. aureus. &lt;/em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The decrease in absorbance value occurred at a concentration of 0.19%, 1.56% to 100%, which means that at that concentration can inhibit bacterial growth. The antibacterial activity showed that both the chloroform fraction and ethyl acetate fraction of bawang dayak extract were active against all the tested bacteria, whose inhibition zones were in the range of 5.8 ± 0.9 - 23.6 ± 2.3 mm. However, the ethyl acetate fraction of bawang dayak extract showed better antibacterial activity than chloroform fraction of bawang dayak extract. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; In this study, it was found that the concentration of 0.19% is the MIC of bawang dayak extract against P. acnes. The highest antibacterial activity was produced by 20% of ethyl acetate fraction of bawang dayak extract against &lt;em&gt;S. aureus.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">52</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Susi Novaryatiin&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Syahrida Dian Ardhany&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Science, Universitas Muhammadiyah Palangkaraya, Palangka Raya, Central Kalimantan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rungtiwa Kanthain</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Supawatchara Singhatong</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Surapol Natakankitkul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nathupakorn Dechsupa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jirakrit Leelarungrayub</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Potential of Hard Candy Containing Spray-Dried Vernonia cinerea Extract with Total Phenolic Compounds, Total Flavonoids and Nicotine Replacement as an Anti-Smoking Aid</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hard candy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nicotine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Total flavonoids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Total phenolic compounds</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vernonia cinerea</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February  2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">35-43</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Backgound: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vernonia cinerea&lt;/em&gt; (VC) is a natural plant claimed to reduce cigarette smoking. Some pilot anti-smoking products with nicotine replacement, such as lozenges or gum, have been presented, but with some adverse effects. Thus, application of VC as a new-anti-smoking product is very challenging. &lt;strong&gt;Objectives: &lt;/strong&gt;The aims of this study were to compare the active compounds; total phenolic compounds, total flavonoids and nicotine, and study antioxidant activity on scavenging 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrzayl (DPPH) radicals of extracts prepared by spray drying (SD) and freeze drying (FD) techniques for pilot hard candy. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Raw VC materials of mixed parts, i.e., the stem, flowers and leaves, were made to form extracts by FD and SD techniques. Then, extract from the SD technique was manufactured industrially into hard candy containing glucose syrup and refined glucose. Total phenolic compounds, total flavonoids, nicotine, scavenging activity of extracts, VC hard candy and placebo candy were evaluated by folin-ciocalteau reagent, aluminum chloride colorimetric assay, high-performance liquid chromatography, ABTS cation decolorization and DPPH protocols.&lt;strong&gt; Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Total phenolic compounds were significantly different between extracts, but total flavonoids and nicotine were slightly higher in SD extract. Antioxidant activity of both extracts on ABTS radicals was not significantly different, but the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;) on DPPH radicals was significantly higher in SD extract when compared to the FD extract. Finally, total phenolic compounds, total flavonoids and nicotine, as well as scavenging activity could be detected in hard candy. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;VC can be used as an anti-smoking aid with nicotine replacement and anti-oxidant compounds in pilot hard candy.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">35</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rungtiwa Kanthain&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Supawatchara Singhatong&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Surapol Natakankitkul&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Nathupakorn Dechsupa&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Jirakrit Leelarungrayub&lt;sup&gt;5,&lt;/sup&gt;* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Movement and Exercise Sciences, Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Division of Clinical Chemistry, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fernández-Flores N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rojas-Cardenas NF</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vásquez-Quispe AD</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chávez-Flores Juana E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Justil-Guerrero Hugo J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Parreño-Tipian JM</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Silva-Correa Carmen R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Villarreal-La Torre Víctor E</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Protection of Erythrocytes against Lipoperoxidation and Antiinflammatory Effects of Ethanolic Extract of Encelia canescens Lam Leaves in Mice</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiinflammatory</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carrageenan</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Encelia canescens Lam</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hemolysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lipoperoxidation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Malondialdehyde</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">798-804</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Encelia canescens&lt;/em&gt; Lam is a plant traditionally used in Peru for medicinal purposes, and is attributed antioxidant properties, indicating that it could be used in the prevention of non-communicable diseases. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; This study aims to evaluate the protection of erythrocytes from lipoperoxidation and the anti-inflammatory effect of ethanolic extract of &lt;em&gt;E. canescens&lt;/em&gt; leaves in mice. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Protection from lipoperoxidation was evaluated by inhibition of hemolysis and quantifying malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration against oxidative stress induced with hydrogen peroxide (H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) at 200, 150, 100, 50 and 25 μg/mL &lt;em&gt;E. canescens&lt;/em&gt; concentrations. The 1% carrageenan-induced air pouch model was used for evaluated inflammation, where albumin, total proteins, MDA, number and leukocyte differentiation were determined in the exudate, and a histopathological evaluation was performed. The concentrations evaluated were 100, 250 and 500 mg/kg of &lt;em&gt;E. canescens&lt;/em&gt;&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; All the concentrations evaluated protected protected erythrocytes from lipoperoxidation (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.05), being E.D. value 200 μg/mL. Regarding anti-inflammatory effect, the albumin, total proteins and MDA values of the treatment groups were lower than carrageenan 1% group (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.05), but, due to less leukocyte migration and presence of macrophages and the histopathological evaluation, the E.D value was 500 mg/kg. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Ethanolic extracts of &lt;em&gt;E. canescens &lt;/em&gt;leaves protect erythrocytes from lipoperoxidation and have dose-dependent anti-inflammatory effects maybe for presence of p-hydroxyacetophenone-derived, and these could be new safer anti-inflammatories.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">798</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fernández-Flores N&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Rojas- Cardenas NF&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Vásquez-Quispe AD&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Chávez-Flores Juana E&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Justil-Guerrero Hugo J&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Parreño- Tipian JM&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Silva-Correa Carmen R&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Villarreal-La Torre Víctor E&lt;sup&gt;2,&lt;/sup&gt;* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad Norbert Wiener, PERÚ.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, PERÚ.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yothin Pothasak</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jirakrit Leelarungrayub</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Surapol Natakankitkul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Supawatchara Singhatong</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prototype Star Fruit-Honey Product and Effectiveness on Antixidants, Inflammation and Walking Distance in Participants with Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6MWD</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COPD</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oxidative stress</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Star fruit product</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TNF-∝</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1121-1134</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Star fruit (&lt;em&gt;Averrhoa carambola &lt;/em&gt;L.) is a seasonal fruit, which has proven antioxidant and inflammation activities&lt;em&gt; in vitro&lt;/em&gt;. However, sweet-type is more available than sour-type. Therefore, developing a new product from sweet-type star fruit, and evaluating its effectiveness on antioxidants and inflammation have been very challenging.&lt;strong&gt; Objectives: &lt;/strong&gt;The aims were to develop a prototype product from sweet-type star fruit and evaluate its effectiveness with or without walking exercise on participants with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The prototype product of sweet-type star fruit was prepared industrially by mixing with honey before nutrients such as L-ascorbic acid (Vit C) and total phenolic compound, and contaminants like chemicals, microbials and oxalic acid were evaluated. Effectiveness of this product on antioxidents, inflammation and physical function was evaluated in participants with stable COPD with and without walking exercise, and compared to walking exercise and control participants. Two spoons of the product (20 g) in sterile warm water (150 mL) were guided and consumed twice daily for 4 weeks, whereas the walking exercise was prescribed with moderate intensity at home for 30 min 3 days per week. Plasma Vit C, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrotic factoralpha (TNF-∝) and 6-minutes walking distance (6MWD) were evaluated before and after the 4-week study period. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The prototype product composed of star fruit juice with honey (1:1, v:v). Main nutrients were composed of ash (0.4 g), carbohydrate (74.59 g), lipid (2.88 g), protein (0.57 g) and 326.56 kcal of total energy, whereas Vit C and total phenolic compound were equivalent to 0.25 ± 0.11 mg and 144.89 ± 2.51 μg gallic acid equivalent in a 100 gram of product. The results of chemicals and microbials showed safety under food conditions. The results of study compared the ages of stable COPD participants between those of the controls (n=10, 69.20±1.40 years), and those with star fruit juice and honey supplement (n=20, 71.25 ± 6.01 years), walking exercise (n=15, 60.60±3.38 years), and supplement with walking exercise (n=15, 64.40±1.63 years) and no statistical difference was shown in any parameters in the control group. Whereas, the plasma Vit C and TAC levels increased, and MDA and TNF-∝ levels reduced significantly, in the supplement consumption group, which was in contrast to the Vit C, MDA and TNF-∝ levels in the walking exercise group. However, the TAC level increased significantly when the walking exercise was completed. When the prototype product was applied to the walking exercise, the levels of Vit C and TAC increased, and MDA and TNF-∝ levels reduced significantly. Whereas, the supplement levels increased significantly in all of the groups, especially in the 6MWD. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; This study proposed that sweet-type star fruit can be prepared industrially by mixing with honey, and be developed as a new commercial product with antioxidant and inflammation activities for participants suffering with chronic lung disease.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1121</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yothin Pothasak&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Jirakrit Leelarungrayub&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Surapol Natakankitkul&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Supawatchara Singhatong&lt;sup&gt;3 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Division of Clinical Chemistry, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sergey Kondrashev</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nadezhda Nesterova</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alexey Luzin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vitaliy Kochanov</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anna Luzina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alexey Matyushin</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Qualitative and Quantitative Assay of Hydroxycinnamates of Prunus spinosa L.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blackthorn</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Herbal raw material</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HPLC</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hydroxycinnamic acids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prunus Spinosa L.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spectrophotometry</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February  2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">157-161</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Blackthorn (&lt;em&gt;Prunus spinosa &lt;/em&gt;L.) is a plant commonly found in the Russian Federation on the roadsides, forest margins, and meadows. Despite lack of recognition by the official medicine, blackthorn fruits possess antioxidant properties and are used in homeopathic preparations. They may also demonstrate antibacterial and anticancer potential due to hydroxycinnamic acids. The aim of present study was to identify and assay hydroxycinnamates in fruits of &lt;em&gt;P. spinosa&lt;/em&gt; cultivated in Moscow Region. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Fresh and dried fruits of &lt;em&gt;P. spinosa&lt;/em&gt;, gathered from plants cultivated in Moscow Region in the harvest maturity stage, were used in the study. Qualitative composition of hydroxycinnamic acids was assessed by high performance liquid chromatography, using reversed phase C18 column. Total hydroxycinnamic acids (THA) content was assessed spectrophotometrically.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Similar chromatographic profiles were obtained for both fresh and dried blackthorn fruits, the two most abundant compounds being epicatechin (2.91%) and chicoric acid (2.90%). Fruits gathered in Chekhovsky District had lower content of hydroxycinnamates (0.798 ± 0.89) than those coming from Klinsky District (0.886 ± 0.92). However, the THA content in dried fruits grown in both districts was found to be similar (0.540 ± 0.71 and 0.557 ± 0.74, respectively).&lt;strong&gt; Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;It can be concluded that blackthorn fruits can be considered as a source of hydroxycinnamic acids, as both fresh and dried fruits contain at least eleven hydroxycinnamates. It was found that the dried fruits have similar content of hydroxycinnamic acids, independently of their origin. Future research should be aimed at drying method optimization.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">157</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sergey Kondrashev&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Nadezhda Nesterova&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Alexey Luzin&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Vitaliy Kochanov&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Anna Luzina&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Alexey Matyushin&lt;sup&gt;2,&lt;/sup&gt;* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Analytical and Forensic Toxicology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Natural Science in Pharmacy, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Dentistry, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bukinich Darya Dmitrievna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salova VG</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Odintsova EB</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rastopchina OV</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Solovyovа NL</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kozlova AM</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Krasniuk II (jun)</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Krasniuk II</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kozlova Zh M</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Representatives of the Genus Goryanka (Epimedium L) – a Promising Source of Raw Materials for the Creation of Medicines for the Treatment of Erectile Dysfunction in Men</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Drug</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Epimedium Estrellita</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Icariin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Impotence</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1710-1715</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Erectile dysfunction and multiple mechanisms of its development are one of the most pressing problems of modern medicine. In the twenty-first century, millions of men around the world suffer from sexual disorders, and the number of such patients is only growing from year to year. The flavonoid icariin, contained in plants of the genus &lt;em&gt;Epimedium &lt;/em&gt;L., is a promising pharmacologically active substance used for erectile dysfunction, due to its ability to affect type 5 phosphodiesterase, inhibiting its activity. To date, domestic and foreign pharmaceutical companies produce biologically active food additives and herbal preparations, which include Goryanka extract. But the range of standardized herbal medicines is very small.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1710</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bukinich Darya Dmitrievna, Salova VG, Odintsova EB, Rastopchina OV, Solovyovа NL, Kozlova AM, Krasniuk II (jun), Krasniuk II, Kozlova Zh M* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;First Moscow state medical university named after I.M. Sechenov, (Sechenov University), Moscow, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Strelyaeva AV</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lezhava DI</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Luferov AN</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kuznetsov RM</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bobkova NV</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lazareva YuB</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kostikova EN</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Study of Quality Medicinal Plants Bark Walnuts and Extract from it</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Juglans regia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Total ash</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toxic effect</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">282-286</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;The bark of walnut is currently poorly understood and is not represented in the Russian State Pharmacopeia. The purpose was to study the quality indicators medicinal plants walnut crust and extracts therefrom were studied: moisture content, total ash, ash insoluble in 10% hydrochloric acid feedstock walnut crust; content of tannins and juglone in walnut crust; GC-mass spectrometric study of the composition petroleum extract from the bark of a walnut. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Microscopy was prepared by the pharmacopoeial method. The chemical composition of the petroleum extract was investigated by chromatomass spectrometry. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The content of glycosides amount in terms of gidroyuglone glucoside and absolutely dry RL was 5.30 ± 0.15. Humidity was 9,41% ± 0,21. total ash content was 10,18% ± 0,1. The ash content insoluble in 10% hydrochloric acid was 4.8 ± 0.16. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method in petroleum extraction from the bark of walnut were identified following compounds: oktadetsilgeksanoat (28%) of 4-isopropenyl- 1-methyl-2-cyclohexenol-1 (38%), cineole (1,6%), thujone (0.7%), camphor (16.6%), 2 - benzamidoantrahinone (0.45%), 4,5 - dihydroxy - 3,4 - dihydro - 1 (2H) - naftalenon (6.4%) ethyl ester of palmitic acid (8.25%) Toxic effects petroleum extract was TD50 = 2,5. Chronic absent. All mice in the experimental group had diarrhea. It was established that the extraction has petroleum anthelmintic properties at askaridioze. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;The analysis of petroleum extraction from walnut partitions was carried out, the content of basic biologically active substances was revealed. The main anatomical and diagnostic signs of walnut bark walls were studied.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">282</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Strelyaeva AV, Lezhava DI*, Luferov AN, Kuznetsov RM, Bobkova NV, Lazareva YuB, Kostikova EN &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, RUSSIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sri Ningsih</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fifit Juniarti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Idah Rosidah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adam Arditya Fajriawan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kurnia Agustini</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Syofi Rosmalawati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agung Eru Wibowo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Erliana Sasikirana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wahono Sumaryono</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Study of the Effect of Lampeni (Ardisia humilis Vahl.) Planting Condition toward the Alpha-glucosidase Inhibition Activity in vitro</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alpha-glucosidase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ardisia humilis Vahl.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lampeni</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Open-air</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shedding house</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">total phenolic</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">377-385</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;The quality of a medicinal plant is influenced by agronomic conditions and harvesting time. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aimed to evaluate the effect of planting method (openair (OA) and shedding house (SH)) and harvesting time (2, 4, 6 months) of Lampeni (Ardisia humilis Vahl.) toward the inhibitory activity of alpha-glucosidase. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The Lampeni seedling were placed under controlled light conditions (SH) and on direct sun exposure (OA). Harvesting of the leaves was carried out at the age of 2, 4, and 6 months after plantation (2m, 4m, and 6m). Each leaves dry powder was refluxed with methanol 70% and followed by liquid-liquid partition using n-hexane, ethyl acetate (EtOAc), and water. All samples were evaluated toward inhibition of the alpha-glucosidase enzyme &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt;. Total phenol levels were determined using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The results showed that EtOAc fractions of both plantation techniques exhibited the highest inhibition of alpha-glucosidase. The highest activity was demonstrated by the 4m-OA-EtOAc fraction (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;, 93.50 ppm) and followed by the 6m-OA-EtOAc fraction (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;, 98.13 ppm). Based on the kinetic study, the inhibition type of the two most active samples were categorized as a non-competitive type. Total phenolic contents were decreased in the following order: 6m-SH-EtOAc &amp;gt; 4m-OA-EtOAc &amp;gt; 6m-OAEtOAc &amp;gt; 4m-SH-EtOAc fraction. It was shown that there was no positive correlation between the strength of inhibition with total phenolic content. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; This study concluded that Lampeni at open-air plantation harvested on fourth months demonstrated the highest alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity, although there was no positive correlation between the inhibition activity and phenolic content.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">377</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sri Ningsih&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Fifit Juniarti&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Idah Rosidah&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Adam Arditya Fajriawan&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Kurnia Agustini&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Syofi Rosmalawati&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Agung Eru Wibowo&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Erliana Sasikirana&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Wahono Sumaryono&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Center for Pharmaceutical and Medical Technology, Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology. Laptiab building, Puspiptek Serpong Area, South Tangerang, Banten, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Biotechnology, Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology, Puspiptek Serpong Area, South Tangerang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, Pancasila University. Srengseng Sawah Street, South Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ade Arsianti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anton Bahtiar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fadilah Fadilah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vincent Kharisma Wangsaputra</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rafika Indah Paramita</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Norma Nur Azizah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lince Dameria Nadapdap</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ajeng Megawati Fajrin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hiroki Tanimoto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kiyomi Kakiuchi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Synthesis, Characterization, and Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Gallic Acid Nanoparticles Towards Breast T47D Cancer Cells</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytotoxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gallic acid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nanoparticle</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Synthesis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">T47D cells</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">321-327</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Gallic acid is a naturally polyphenolic acid which shows cytotoxicity against several cancer cells, as well as it displays chemo-preventive activity which is attributed to its strong apoptosis- inducing and antioxidant effects. Thus, gallic acid has become an attractive substance to be further developed due to its strong cytotoxic activity. This study aimed to synthesize gallic acid nanoparticle coating with alginate-chitosan, and evaluate its cytotoxicity against breast T47D cancer cells.&lt;strong&gt; Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Gallic acid nanoparticle was synthesized using ionic gelation method. The yield, size and morphology of the nanoparticles were determined by UV-Vis Spectroscopy, Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Cytotoxicity evaluation of gallic acid nanoparticle towards breast T47D cancer cell is carried out by MTT(3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide) assay. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Spherical nanoparticles of gallic acid with the size of 100-200 nm has been successfully synthesized in 96% of yield. Compared to gallic acid (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;: 20.86 μg/mL) and alginate-chitosan nanoparticle (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;: 38.46 μg/mL), gallic acid coating with alginate-chitosan nanoparticles demonstrated higher cytotoxicity towards breast T47D cancer cells with IC&lt;sub&gt;50 &lt;/sub&gt;value of 9.03μg/mL. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Our results clearly confirmed that gallic acid nanoparticles coating with alginate-chitosan showed a strong cytotoxicity towards breast T47D cancer cells, which is potential to be developed as a candidate for new anti-breast cancer agent.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">321</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ade Arsianti&lt;sup&gt;1,2,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Anton Bahtiar&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Fadilah Fadilah&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Vincent Kharisma Wangsaputra&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Rafika Indah Paramita&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Norma Nur Azizah&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Lince Dameria Nadapdap&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Ajeng Megawati Fajrin&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Hiroki Tanimoto&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Kiyomi Kakiuchi&lt;sup&gt;5 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Drug Development Research Cluster, Indonesia Medical Education and Research Institute (IMERI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Jalan Salemba Raya 6 Jakarta 10430, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Indonesia, Depok, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Medical Student, Faculty of Medicine University of Indonesia, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara, JAPAN.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Van Anh T Nguyen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thang Viet Le</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Manh Van Bui</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toan Quoc Pham</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Son The Trinh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Binh Nhu Do</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lien Huong T Nguyen</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tacrolimus Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Vietnamese Renal Transplant Recipients</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Renal transplantation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tacrolimus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Therapeutic drug monitoring</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vietnam</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">984-992</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Use of tacrolimus (Tac) is pivotal to renal transplant (RT) immunosuppressive maintenance regiments. The most frequently used means of Tac monitoring is the measurement of the trough concentration (C0) in whole blood to maintain drug efficacy and minimize the consequences of overexposure. Most previous studies focused on therapeutic drug monitoring of Tac in renal transplant recipients and assessed the clinical response of patients. Our study aimed to describe a real Tacrolimus therapeutic drug monitoring transplantation and determine the clinical outcomes in Vietnamese adult renal transplant recipients. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This retrospective study including 114 adult renal transplant patients (89 men and 25 women) with a mean age of 35.4 ± 8.98 years has been performed from August 2012 to March 2018 at Military Hospital 103 (Vietnam). Tac trough concentrations were adjusted according to the target range proposed by the European consensus conference on tacrolimus optimization. Samples for determination of tacrolimus blood levels were subdivided according to the posttransplantation period into three groups (0- 3 months (G1), 3-12 months (G2) and over 1 year (G3). Median Years of follow-up was 15.4 months [range 0.233 to 68.4 months]. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; A total of 3037 blood samples for the determination of tacrolimus trough concentration were obtained. Median concentrations were 6.7 (4.5 – 10.2) ng/ml, 6.4 (5.1 – 8.3) and 5.6 (4.5 to 7.1) ng/ml for G1, G2, G3, respectively. After transplantation, three acute rejection (AR) events were documented (Cellular AR: 2, Humoral AR: 1). Cytomegalovirus, BK polyomavirus, Hepatitis B virus and Hepatitis C virus were detected in 7, 4, 7 and 3 renal post- transplant recipients, respectively. There were 5 patients with post-transplant diabetes (NODAT) and all of them had to convert to cyclosporine. 6 patients developed chronic kidney disease (CKD) after transplantation and 2 case with Tac-associated nephrotoxicity with proven biopsy. This observational study provided a real Tacrolimus therapeutic drug monitoring transplantation in Vietnamese renal transplant recipients. Main outcomes were acute rejection, post-transplant viral infections, neurotoxicity, NODAT, CKD, and Tac-associated nephrotoxicity.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">984</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Van Anh T. Nguyen&lt;sup&gt;1,4,6&lt;/sup&gt;, Thang Viet Le&lt;sup&gt;2,6&lt;/sup&gt;, Manh Van Bui&lt;sup&gt;3,6,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Toan Quoc Pham&lt;sup&gt;2,6&lt;/sup&gt;, Son The Trinh&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Binh Nhu Do&lt;sup&gt;5,6&lt;/sup&gt;, Lien Huong T. Nguyen&lt;sup&gt;4,&lt;/sup&gt;*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacy, Military Hospital 103, Ha Dong, Ha Noi 121-08, VIETNAM.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Renal and Haemodialysis, Military hospital 103, Ha Dong, Ha Noi 121- 08, VIETNAM.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Center for Emergency Medicine, Intensive Care and Toxicology control, Military hospital 103, Ha Dong, Ha Noi 121-08, VIETNAM.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, 13-15 Le Thanh Tong, Hoan Kiem, Ha Noi 110-19, VIETNAM.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Division of Military Science, Military Hospital 103, Ha Dong, Ha Noi 121-08, VIETNAM.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Vietnam Military Medical University, Ha Dong, Ha Noi 121-08, VIETNAM.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Friday Super Nova</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shofa Chasani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Atina Hussanna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Siti Thomas Zulaikhah</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tender Coconut Water Inhibits the Process of Lipid Peroxidation, Reduce Glucose Levels and Increase Plasma Insulin in Pregnant Diabetic Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GDM</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Glucose</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Insulin plasma</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lipid peroxidation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tender coconut water (TCW)</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February  2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">162-167</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Diabetes during pregnancy or Gestational Diabetes Mellitus&lt;em&gt; &lt;/em&gt;(GDM) causes oxidative stress and have bad effect for mother and baby, risk of abortion, still birth, premature and preeclampsia. GDM can be prevented by monitoring the glucose level and providing rich antioxidants meals. TCW is a nutritious healthy drink rich in antioxidants, diet rich in antioxidants promotes better health, Inhibits lipid peroxidation and enhances the total antioxidant status. &lt;strong&gt;Aim and Objectives: &lt;/strong&gt;This research to investigate the effect of tender coconut water can prevent lipid peroxidation, reduce glucose levels and increase insulin plasma level on pregnant diabetic rats. &lt;strong&gt;Material and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Experimental study by post test only control group design, population of pregnant wistar strain rats. Twenty four samples used in this study were randomly divided into 4 groups, K1 (pregnant rats), K2 (pregnant rats+diabetic), K3 (pregnant rats+diabetic+ glibenklamid 0.23 mg/kg BW ) and K4 (pregnant rats+diabetic+TCW 8mL/200grBW). Diabetes Mellitus were induced using Streptozotocin (STZ) 65mg/kgBW and Nicotinamid 230 mg/kgBW. Data on insulin plasma, glucose and MDA levels were analyzed using One Way Anova with significant level 0.05.&lt;strong&gt; Result: &lt;/strong&gt;The results showed that the average insulin plasma levels in group 2 decreased compared to group 1 , in group 3 and 4 it increased compared to group 2. Average glucose and MDA levels in group 2 increased compared to group 1 , in group 3 and 4 it decreased compared to group 2. The results of the analysis has the p values 0.000 (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.05). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;TCW can inhibit the process of lipid peroxidation, reduce glucose levels, increase insulin plasma levels and in pregnant diabetic rats.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">162</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Friday Super Nova&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Shofa Chasani&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Atina Hussanna&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Siti Thomas Zulaikhah&lt;sup&gt;2,&lt;/sup&gt;* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Student Program Master of Biomedical Science Faculty of Medicine Sultan Agung Islamic University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Lecturers Program Master of Biomedical Science Faculty of Medicine Sultan Agung Islamic University, INDONESIA&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ni Putu Ermi Hikmawanti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Endang Hanani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yuni Sapitri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wulan Ningrum</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Total Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activity of Different Extracts of Cordia sebestena L. Leaves</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boraginaceae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cordia sebestena</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DPPH</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Folin-Ciocalteu</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1311-1316</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cordia sebestena&lt;/em&gt; L. (Boraginaceae) wildly planted in Jakarta, Indonesia. The secondary metabolites of plants have biological and pharmacological activities, such as antioxidant. The antioxidant activity of plants might be due to their phenolic compounds.&lt;strong&gt; Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To determine the total phenolic content and evaluate the antioxidant activity of&lt;em&gt; C. sebestena &lt;/em&gt;leaves extracts (n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and 70% ethanol). &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The total phenolic content was determined using spectrophotometric methods with a Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was determined by its ability to inhibit DPPH radicals through IC&lt;sub&gt;50 &lt;/sub&gt;values (ppm).&lt;strong&gt; Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The highest total phenolic content (167.61 ± 0.56 mg GAE/g) and best antioxidant activity (31.41 ppm) were found in 70% ethanol extract of &lt;em&gt;C. sebestena&lt;/em&gt; compared to other extracts (ethyl acetate &amp;gt; dichloromethane &amp;gt; n-hexane). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The &lt;em&gt;C. sebestena&lt;/em&gt; leaves have a good potential as a source of natural antioxidant, and further research, is recommended to evaluate the antioxidant activity using another method.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1311</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ni Putu Ermi Hikmawanti&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Endang Hanani&lt;sup&gt;1,2,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Yuni Sapitri&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Wulan Ningrum&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. DR. HAMKA Jl. Delima II/IV Klender, Jakarta 13460, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy and Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. DR. HAMKA Jl. Delima II/IV Klender, Jakarta 13460, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Avilekh Naryal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pushpender Bhardwaj</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anil Kant</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">OP Chaurasia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tsering Stobdan</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Altitude and Seed Phenotypic Effect on Amygdalin Content in Apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) Kernel</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bitterness</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cyanide</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elevation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ladakh</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seed Coat</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sweetness</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year></dates><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">xx-xx</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; Genetic component influencing amygdalin content in apricot kernel is well documented. This study aims to evaluate influence of altitude and seed phenotypic characters on amygdalin content in apricot kernel. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Fruits from 126 genotypes differing in kernel taste and seed coat colour were collected from seven locations from 3008-3346 m asl in trans-Himalaya. Amygdalin content in kernel was determined. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Amygdalin content in bitter kernel was significan tly higher (44.6±9.0 mg.g&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;) than that of sweet kernel (3.1±1.8 mg.g&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;) with brown seed coat. The geographical elevation had no influence on kernel amygdalin content. Similarly, seed and kernel physical characters, except seed coat color, had no significant effect on kernel amygdalin content. High variability within genotypes was observed suggesting that genotype played significant role on amygdalin content in apricot kernel. Low amygdalin content (2.4±1.2 mg.&lt;sup&gt;g-1&lt;/sup&gt;) in apricot kernel with white seed coat phenotype confirmed our earlier finding that the white phenotypic marker is associated with sweet kernel. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The geographical elevation had no influence on kernel amygdalin content. White seed coat phenotype can be taken as a marker for low amygdalin content in future studies.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">xx</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Avilekh Naryal&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Pushpender Bhardwaj&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Anil Kant&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, OP Chaurasia&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Tsering Stobdan&lt;sup&gt;1* &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Defence Institute of High-Altitude Research, Defence Research and Development Organisation, Leh-Ladakh-194101, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Jaypee University of Information Technology, Wakhnaghat, Solan-173215, Himachal Pradesh, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Endang Ariyani Setyowati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alim Isnansetyo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tjut Sugandawaty Djohan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Raden Wisnu Nurcahyo</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimalarial Activity of Microalgae Extracts Based on Inhibition of PfMQO, a Mitochondrial Plasmodium falciparum Enzyme</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimalarial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inhibitory activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Microalgae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">P falciparum</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Screening</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1477-1482</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Malaria is an important global disease that threatened human life. The resistance&lt;em&gt; Plasmodium &lt;/em&gt;sp. to the available medicines encourages the search for new antimalarial substances based on new mechanisms on the inhibition of PfMQO (the mitochondrial&lt;em&gt; Plasmodium falciparum&lt;/em&gt; enzyme). &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;The purposes of this study was to screen antimalarial substances from microalgae based on the inhibition of PfMQO. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Five microalgae were extracted by maceration using chloroform pa and ethanol pa. These ten crude extracts obtained were tested for the inhibitory activity against the PfMQO enzyme. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The highest inhibitory activity against PfMQO enzyme was chloroform extract of &lt;em&gt;S. costatum&lt;/em&gt; with 91.050% of inhibition and 0.043 μg/mL of IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;. The ethanol extract of &lt;em&gt;S. platensis &lt;/em&gt;showed 91.999% and 5.25 μg/mL of inhibition and IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;, respectively. These results indicated that the two extracts provide high antimalarial activity exceeded a theoretical standard of antimalarial bioactive compounds. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Chloroform extract of &lt;em&gt;S. costatum&lt;/em&gt; and ethanol extract of &lt;em&gt;S. platensis &lt;/em&gt;are promising sources of antimalarial compounds based on the inhibition of PfMQO.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1477</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Endang Ariyani Setyowati&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Alim Isnansetyo&lt;sup&gt;3,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Tjut Sugandawaty Djohan&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Raden Wisnu Nurcahyo&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Erwahyuni Endang Prabandari&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Teknika Selatan, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Biology, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Flora, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Departement of Parasitology,, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Fauna 2, Karangmalang, Yogyakarta 55281, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Biotech Center, Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Raphael de Oliveira Rodrigues</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Juliana Navarro Ueda Yaochite</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Milena Aguiar Braga</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amanda Ribeiro de</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sousa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Greyce Luri Sasahara</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Said Gonçalves da Cruz Fonseca</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thiago Dias de Vasconcelos Araújo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gilvandete</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maria Pinheiro Santiago</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leôncio Mesquita de Sousa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jarbas Lima de Carvalho</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Francisca Bruna Stefany Aires</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">do Nascimento</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hélio Vitoriano Nobre Júnior</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aparecida Tiemi Nagao-Dias</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Bauhinia ungulata L. (Fabaceae) on LPS-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Cells</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bauhinia ungulata; RAW 264.7 cells; Lipopolysaccharide; Free radicals; Antioxidant activity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">37-42</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study aimed to investigate the antioxidant, immunomodulatory and antimicrobial activities of &lt;em&gt;Bauhinia ungulata&lt;/em&gt; L.&lt;strong&gt; Method:&lt;/strong&gt; A flavonoid-rich fraction was obtained from the &lt;em&gt;Bauhinia ungulata&lt;/em&gt; L stem, called the ethyl acetate fraction of &lt;em&gt;Bauhinia ungulata&lt;/em&gt; (FABU). The total antioxidant capacity of the FABU was determined through the phosphomolibdenium reduction method. For the evaluation of its antioxidant activity on a cell culture model, LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells were treated with different concentrations of FABU and the reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen peroxide (H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) production levels were measured. For the analysis of its immunomodulatory capacity, TNF-α, TGF-β and IL-10 levels were determined in the culture supernatant. In order to determinate the antimicrobial activity of FABU, antifungal and antibacterial susceptibility testing was performed against &lt;em&gt;Candida albicans&lt;/em&gt;, methicillinsensitive &lt;em&gt;Staphylococcus aureus,&lt;/em&gt; methicillin-resistant &lt;em&gt;Staphylococcus aureus&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Pseudomonas aeruginosa&lt;/em&gt; strains. &lt;strong&gt;Result:&lt;/strong&gt; The FABU demonstrated neither significant antimicrobial activity nor immunodulatory capacity; on the other hand, its potential antioxidant activity was demonstrated by the phosphomolibdenium reduction assay. Also, FABU treatment inhibited the ROS, NO, H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and TBARS levels in the supernatant of LPS-stimulated cells. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; A significant reduction in the amount of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) was observed, in addition to lipid peroxidation inhibition. Our data suggest that the FABU is a natural antioxidant complex that may interfere in the cascade of cell damage caused by free radicals and a promising potential drug in chronic disease models in which immunopathogenicity involves high levels of RONS.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">37</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Raphael de Oliveira Rodrigues&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Juliana Navarro Ueda Yaochite&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Milena Aguiar Braga&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Amanda Ribeiro de Sousa&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Greyce Luri Sasahara&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Said Gonçalves da Cruz Fonseca&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Thiago Dias de Vasconcelos Araújo&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Gilvandete Maria Pinheiro Santiago&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Leôncio Mesquita de Sousa&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Jarbas Lima de Carvalho&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Francisca Bruna Stefany Aires do Nascimento&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Hélio Vitoriano Nobre Júnior&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Aparecida Tiemi Nagao-Dias&lt;sup&gt;1 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Clinical Analysis and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Ceara (UFC), Rua Capitao Francisco Pedro 1210, 60430-370 Fortaleza, CE, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Ceara (UFC), Rua Capitao Francisco Pedro 1210, 60430-370 Fortaleza, CE, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Sciences Center, Universidade Federal do Ceara (UFC), Campus do Pici 12.200, 60021-940, Fortaleza, CE, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nuriza Ulul Azmi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Astari Rachma Nityasa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fadlina Chany Saputri</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antithrombotic Effect of Mucuna pruriens L. and Coriandrum sativum</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antithrombotic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bleeding time</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">collagen</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coriandrum sativum</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mucuna pruriens L</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Survival rate</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">413-417</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Mucuna pruriens&lt;/em&gt; (MP) L. and Coriandrum sativum (CS) have been found for in vitro antithrombotic activity. However, the &lt;em&gt;in vivo&lt;/em&gt; studies for both plants have not been discovered yet. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The objective of the study is to prove the efficacy of MP L. and CS by conducting &lt;em&gt;in vivo&lt;/em&gt; antithrombotic activity test with bleeding time and survival rate as the parameters. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; MP and CS extracts with three different doses were given orally to the experimental animals for 7 days. Aspirin was used as a positive control. The bleeding time was observed on mice tail that had been cut, and the survival rate was determined by inducing thrombosis with collagen–epinephrine injection. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Seven-day treatment of plant extracts significantly prolonged the bleeding time of the treated group compared to the normal control group. The result demonstrated the increasing number of survived animals in the treated group compared to the negative control group. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Both extracts had shown antithrombotic activity by significantly prolonged the bleeding time and increased the survival rate.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">213</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nuriza Ulul Azmi, Astari Rachma Nityasa, Fadlina Chany Saputri &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">K Sunand</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mahipal Yellow</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">P Naveen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yasho Deepika</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">G Krishna Mohan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vasudha Bakshi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Betel Leaf Extract Amends Dehydroepiandrosterone Induced PCOS Related Hormonal Abnormality and Histopathological Alterations in Rat Model</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-androgenic activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Betel Leaf</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clomiphene citrate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DHEA</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PCOS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rats</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1442-1448</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;PCOS is a hormonal disorder with missed or irregular periods at the reproductive ages of women, which was mainly due to increased androgen levels. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To evaluate the antiandrogen activity of EEBL (ethanolic extract of betel leaf) in DHEA induced PCOS (polycystic ovary syndrome) and improving ovulation rate, consequently its effects on hormonal and biochemical profile of the blood serum and Histopathology of the ovary. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Divide the 30 immature (4-week-old) female Sprague Dawley rats into 5 groups. Four groups except the control group were injected each morning with dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) (6 mg/100 g body weight/0.2 ml sesame oil) for 20days. The control group was injected with 0.2ml sesame oil for 20days. Pretreatment completed after 21&lt;sup&gt;st &lt;/sup&gt;day then animals are subjected to posttreatment with EEBL (LD-100, HD-200mg/kg, p.o) and CC (100 μg/kg, p.o) from 21 to 41 days. After the treatment animals are subjected to biochemical, hormonal and histopathological examinations. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; In negative control group SOD, Catalase were decreased. Total protein, SGOT, SGPT, TG, LDL and cholesterol levels were increased than the control group. Hormones LH and Testosterone levels increased. FSH, estradiol, and progesterone levels were decreased when compared with the control group. Histopathology has revealed that the presence of cysts in the negative control group and recovery of cysts seen in treatment groups.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Treatment with EEBL is effectively attenuated to the DHEA induced PCOS and it is significant in comparison results with clomiphene citrate attributing its therapeutic potential towards the treatment of PCOS.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1442</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;K Sunand&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Mahipal Yellow&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, P Naveen&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Yasho Deepika&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, G Krishna Mohan&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Vasudha Bakshi&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty, Centre for Neuroscience, Dept. of Pharmacology, Anurag Group of Institutions, Hyderabad, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Student, Centre for Neuroscience, Dept. of Pharmacology, Anurag Group of Institutions, Hyderabad, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty, Centre for Neuroscience, Dept. of Pharmacology, Anurag Group of Institutions, Hyderabad, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Professor, Centre for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Science &amp;amp; Technology (IST), JNTUH, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Dean, Centre for Neuroscience, School of Pharmacy, Anurag Group of Institutions, Hyderabad, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jayanthi D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martin Paul A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thamizhseran N</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biochemical Changes During Flowering of Spathodea campanulata P. Beauv.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biochemical composition</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flower development</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Water calyces</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">842-847</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Backround:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Spathodea campanulata&lt;/em&gt; P. Beauv., exhibits a phenomenal structure often referred to as water calyces from within which the entire floral whorls presumed to be developing. &lt;strong&gt;Purpose:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study was an attempt on the exceptional development of corolla under the influence of the bathing fluid of water calyces in &lt;em&gt;Spathodea campanulata&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Three different developmental stages of flower buds were used for anatomical, physiological (PWC, RWC and ᴪW) and biochemical studies (reducing sugars, amino acids, proteins, phenols, IAA and amylase activity) using standard methods. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Biochemical composition was found to be directly influencing the unique pattern of floral ontogeny. The exponential expansion of the corolla was found to be corresponding with significant increase in IAA concentration. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; The bathing fluid with its contents viz., sugars, amino acids, proteins, IAA and phenols seems to play a pivotal role in the development, nourishing and protecting the inner whorls of the flower buds. Anatomical studies also support the idea that the biochemical changes, especially the quantity of sugars and IAA could be the reason for the exponential expansion of the petals.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">842</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Jayanthi D&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Martin Paul A&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Thamizhseran N&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Research Scholar, R and D Centre, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore-641046, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Associate Professor, Department of Botany, St. Joseph’s College (Autonomous), Bengaluru – 560027, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martin Paul. A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jayanthi. D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thamizhseran. N</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bio-Physicochemical Studies on Water Calyx Fluid in the African Tulip Tree, Spathodea campanulata P. Beauv.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biochemical composition</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Water calyx fluid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zeta potential</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">594-599</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Flowers of &lt;em&gt;Spathodea campanulata&lt;/em&gt; P. Beauv. development is unique as inner whorls develop immersed in a fluid called water calyces. &lt;strong&gt;Purpose:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study is an investigation into the biochemical composition and physicochemical properties of water calyx fluid from &lt;em&gt;Spathodea campanulata&lt;/em&gt; P. Beauv. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Fluid composition of small, medium and large stages of S. campanulata flower buds were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively for biomolecules &lt;em&gt;viz&lt;/em&gt;., reducing sugars, total free amino acids, proteins, phenols and Indole- 3-Acetic Acid (IAA). Physiochemical analyses were done using particle size analyzer. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Reducing sugars, total free amino acids, proteins and IAA were present in appreciable amounts whereas total phenol content was low and the content of biomolecules were significant between groups and within the groups. The water calyx fluid is highly stable and absolute necessity for the floral development. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; The concentrations of all the analyzed biomolecules were found to be decreasing with bud maturity. The contents of water calyx fluid is obligatory for the development of floral whorls.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">594</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Martin Paul A&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Jayanthi D&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Thamizhseran N&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Research Scholar, R and D Centre, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore–641 046, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Associate Professor, Department of Botany, St. Joseph’s College (Autonomous), Bengaluru–560 027, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paco Noriega</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bryan Vergara</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carlos Carillo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tatiana Mosquera</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemical Constituents and Antifungal Activity of Leaf Essential Oil from Oreopanax ecuadorensis Seem. (Pumamaki), Endemic Plant of Ecuador</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antifungal activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GC/MS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oreopanax ecuadorensis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Puma Maki</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1544-1548</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Oreopanax ecuadorensis&lt;/em&gt; Seem. is a plant from Ecuador, that is found in the Andean region of the country. The plant is commonly used in protective rituals, and as an antiflu, analgesic and disinfectant medicine. &lt;strong&gt;Aim: &lt;/strong&gt;The research aims to extract and analyze the chemical composition and evaluation of its antifungal potential of the essential oil extracted from its leaves. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;steam distillation was used for the extraction of essential oil, the evaluation of its components was performed by GC/MS, and the antifungal evaluation by the disc diffusion method. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The essential oil was obtained with a yield of 0.05%. 33 compounds were detected of which 30 were identified, corresponding to 99.28%; the most abundant molecules were: thujene &amp;lt;α-&amp;gt; (36.63%), followed by bicyclogermacrene with (8.76%), pinene &amp;lt;β-&amp;gt; with (8.32%) and limonene with 5.15%. Three of the four strains evaluated were affected by the oil at concentrations of 1.25%, inhibiting its growth. The strains were: &lt;em&gt;Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Trichophyton rubrum &lt;/em&gt;and&lt;em&gt; Microsporum canis&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The essential oil shows good antifungal activity, which could be less than 1.25%. In this way, this medicinal plant is valued by verifying ancestral knowledge in the use of medicinal plants by the Andean people of Ecuador.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1544</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Paco Noriega&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Bryan Vergara&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Carlos Carillo&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Tatiana Mosquera&lt;sup&gt;2 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Group of Research and Development in Sciences Applied to Biological Resources, Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, Avenida 12 de Octubre N 2422 y Wilson, Quito, ECUADOR.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Group of Research in Apply Biotechnology to the Natural Resources, Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, Avenida 12 de Octubre N 2422 y Wilson, Quito, ECUADOR.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ahmed Muhammad Ibrahim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hussain Al Sadah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rizwan Ahmad</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Niyaz Ahmad</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Atta Abbas Naqvi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clinical Uses and Toxicity of Aloe vera: An Evidence-Based Comprehensive Retrospective Review (2007-2017)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acemannan</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aloe vera</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cosmetics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hepatitis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toxicity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">424-428</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Aloe vera&lt;/em&gt; (AV), mostly known as succulents, or the healing plant of the genus Aloe of &lt;em&gt;Liliaceae&lt;/em&gt; family. It contains large range of vitamins, amino acids, antiseptic, antiinflammatory, and sulfur compounds to control and eliminate mold, bacteria, viruses; however, AV toxicity is most of the times described poorly among AV consumers.&lt;strong&gt; Aim of the Study:&lt;/strong&gt; To report and highlight AV clinical uses and toxicity cases to compare and highlight its therapeutic as well toxic profile. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; AV cases were gathered from databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and E-Resource Portal of Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University using the keywords, i.e., AV case report, AV toxicity, hepatitis, clinical trials about AV, interactions, the current uses of AV, etc. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Ten cases met the eligibility criteria where the toxicities were mostly associated with the usage of AV except the intended use, i.e., to be administered topically or AV capsules ingestion or as a drinkable solutions. Major symptoms observed in these cases were related to hepatocytes inflammation (hepatitis), fatigue, nausea, vomiting, thyroid dysfunction, abdominal discomfort, and diarrhea along with severe weight loss. These results were not associated with a specific age; however they were more predominant in female gender. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; AV should be taken within normal/specified dose range which can only be achieved through asking an herbal specialist, and in approved suitable dosage form which is topical.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Review Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">424</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ahmed Mohammed Aljamea&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Hussain Mazin Alsadah&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Rizwan Ahmad&lt;sup&gt;2*&lt;/sup&gt;, Niyaz Ahmad&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Atta Abbas Naqvi&lt;sup&gt;4 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, SAUDI ARABIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Natural Products and Alternative Medicines, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, SAUDI ARABIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, SAUDI ARABIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacy practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, SAUDI ARABIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Walaa Al saeed</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marwa Al Dhamen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rizwan Ahmad</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Niyaz Ahmad</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Atta Abbas Naqvi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clinical uses and Toxicity of Ephedra sinica: An Evidence-Based Comprehensive Retrospective Review (2004-2017)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cardiac problems</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clinical cases</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ephedra sinica</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liver problems</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toxicity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">439-444</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Ephedra sinica&lt;/em&gt; (ES) (Ma-huang) is a well-known plant due to its widespread therapeutic uses. However, many adverse effects such as hepatitis, nephritises, and cardiovascular toxicity have been reported for this plant. Few of these side effects are reversible whereas others are irreversible and may even lead to death.&lt;strong&gt; Aim of the Study:&lt;/strong&gt; The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical uses and toxicity cases/consequences associated with the use of ES. The review will compare and evaluate the cases reported for ES and identify the causes which make the plant a poisonous one.&lt;strong&gt; Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; An extensive literature review was conducted from 2004 to 2017, and research literature regarding the clinical cases were collected using databases and books such as Google Scholar, Science Direct, Research gate, PubMed, and Web of Science/Thomson Reuters whereas the keywords searched were “&lt;em&gt;Ephedra sinica&lt;/em&gt;,” clinical cases of &lt;em&gt;Ephedra sinica&lt;/em&gt;, “Ma-hung poisonous,” “Ma-hung toxicity reported cases and treatment,” and “&lt;em&gt;Ephedra Sinica&lt;/em&gt; toxicity reported cases and treatment.” &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; eleven different cases were identified which met the eligibility criteria and were studied in detail to extract out the findings. It turned out that most of the patients and participants developed adverse side effects following the use of ES, and after a proper course of treatment or trail, some of the side effects were reversible, whereas others were found irreversible. The most common adverse effects and toxicity observed in patients were liver problems, renal failures, and cardiac toxicity which resulted in two mortalities whereas the other two got recovered. On an in-depth study, it was revealed that most of the toxicities in such cases were associated with the use of ES in combination with other conventional drugs, long-term use, or use in patients with cardiac and renal problems without a medical supervision.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Hence, it is concluded that ES may have reversible as well as irreversible adverse effects and may even result in death; however, the use of a plant with the proper knowledge and under sound medical supervision may reduce such exaggerations&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Review Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">439</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Walaa Al saeed&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Marwa Al Dhamen&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Rizwan Ahmad&lt;sup&gt;2*&lt;/sup&gt;, Niyaz Ahmad&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Atta Abbas Naqvi&lt;sup&gt;4 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, SAUDI ARABIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Natural Products and Alternative Medicines, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, SAUDI ARABIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, SAUDI ARABIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, SAUDI ARABIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Garba Auwalu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Emeka John Dingwoke</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adamude Fatima Amin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nwobodo Ndubuisi Nwobodo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohammed Mohammed Lawan</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Comparative Free Radical Scavenging Efficacy of Leaves Extract of Moringa Oleifera and Petals Extract of Hibiscus Sabdariffa</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Free radical scavenger</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hibiscus sabdariffa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moringa oleifera</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oxidative stress</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oxygen-free radicals</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1342-1346</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Use of molecules with antioxidant properties have evolved as effective strategy for preventing oxidative damage caused by reactive oxygen species. &lt;em&gt;Moringa oleifera &lt;/em&gt;and&lt;em&gt; Hibiscus sabdariffa &lt;/em&gt;are ancient plants with antioxidant properties, and have served numerous therapeutic purposes, in addition to their nutritional benefits. &lt;strong&gt;Aim: &lt;/strong&gt;This &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; study compared the free radical scavenging efficacy of ethylacetate leaves extract of &lt;em&gt;Moringa oleifera&lt;/em&gt; and ethylacetate petal extract of &lt;em&gt;Hibiscus sabdariffa.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;strong&gt; Method:&lt;/strong&gt; Determinations were carried out following standard procedures for analytical experiments. The leaves of &lt;em&gt;Moringa oleifera&lt;/em&gt; and petals of &lt;em&gt;Hibiscus sabdariffa&lt;/em&gt; were extracted by cool maceration with distilled water and ethylacetate, independently for 48 hours using soxhlet extractor. The free radical scavenging activities of the extracts were determined spectrophotometrically. DPPH free radical was used to determine the free radical scavenging activities of the extracts. The reducing power efficacy of the extracts was determined by their ability to reduce Fe&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;+ to Fe&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;+ ions using FERAP. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Ethylacetate extract of &lt;em&gt;Hibiscus sabdariffa&lt;/em&gt; petals had higher free radical scavenging efficacy and more reducing power with an inhibitory concentration (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;) of 1.57 mg/ml compared to the ethylacetate extract of &lt;em&gt;Moringa oleifera&lt;/em&gt; leaves which had an IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of 2.60 mg/ml. Phytochemical profile revealed that the predominant compounds in both extracts were flavonoids, phenols, and amino acids. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;This study has established that ethylacetate extract of the Petals of &lt;em&gt;Hibiscus sabdariffa &lt;/em&gt;has more reducing power and free radical scavenging efficacy compared to ethylacetate extract of &lt;em&gt;Moringa oleifera &lt;/em&gt;leaves. These plant parts could serve as novel sources for clinically efficient antioxidants.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1342</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Garba Auwalu&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Emeka John Dingwoke&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;,*, Adamude Fatima Amin&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Nwobodo Ndubuisi Nwobodo&lt;sup&gt;3,4&lt;/sup&gt;, Mohammed Mohammed Lawan&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna, NIGERIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry, Federal University Lafia, Nasarawa State, NIGERIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology &amp;amp; Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Enugu State University of Science &amp;amp; Technology, Enugu, Enugu State, NIGERIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology &amp;amp; Therapeutics, College of Health Sciences, Nile University of Nigeria, FCT, Abuja, NIGERIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">G Ayeni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">OJ Pooe</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">M Singh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">N Nundkumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MBC Simelane</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytotoxic and Antioxidant Activities of Selected South African Medicinal Plants</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DNA</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eucomis autumnalis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Warburgia salutaris</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1532-1539</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Indigenous plants are known to play a pivotal role in the well-being of Africa’s native societies. These plants are believed to be endowed with healing effects against various ailments rooting from oxidative stress. However, most of these plants including &lt;em&gt;Ziziphus mucronata, Warburgia salutaris &lt;/em&gt;and&lt;em&gt; Eucomis autumnalis &lt;/em&gt;lack scientific reports validating their medicinal properties. Thus, the current study, aimed to investigate the cytotoxic and antioxidant activities of selected South African medicinal plants. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Scavenging activity of the extracts were evaluated on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), superoxide anion (O&lt;sub&gt;2 &lt;/sub&gt;-) nitric oxide (NO-), hydroxyl anion (-OH) radicals and lipid peroxide (LP) values at varying concentration (20 - 100 μg/mL). Cytotoxic evaluation using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) was conducted on HEK293 cells. Reducing power and metal chelating ability of the extracts were assessed. In the same vein, protective index of DNA plasmid (pET151/D TOPO plasmid) induced free radical by incubating with Fenton’s reagents were tested, &lt;em&gt;in vitro.&lt;/em&gt; Reducing and metal chelating ability of the extracts were evaluated in this study. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The crude extracts displayed radical scavenging activity and limit peroxidation process. The extracts showed potent ferric reducing power and chelating effects. Cytotoxic effects of the extracts analyzed using the MTT assay displayed low toxicity levels. Furthermore, the extracts were able to protect pET151/D-TOPO plasmid DNA nicking induced by hydroxyl radicals in a Fenton’s reaction mixture. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;It is evident in this study that the plant extracts are potential antioxidant therapeutics and justify inclusion of indigenous herbs as a complementary agents in the treatment regimen.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1532</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;G Ayeni&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, OJ Pooe&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, M Singh&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, N Nundkumar&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, MBC Simelane&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Discipline of Biochemistry, School of Life Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aleksandr Vladimirovich Nikulin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olga Georgievna Potanina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evgeniy Alexandrovich Platonov</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dmitry Olegovich Bokov</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olga Aleksandrovna Smyslova</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rimma Aleksandrovna Abramovich</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Development and Validation of a Spectrophotometric Procedure for Determining Silicon in Common Horsetail (Equisetum arvense L.) Herb</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Equisetum arvense</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Horsetail herb</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medicinal plant raw material</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Silicon</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1124-1131</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;An accurate, simple and selective UV-spectrophotometric method was developed for the estimation of silicon in medicinal plant raw material – horsetail herb (&lt;em&gt;Equisetum arvense&lt;/em&gt; L.) of Russian origin.&lt;strong&gt; Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The determination of total silicon content in terms of silicon dioxide (SiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) by the direct ultraviolet–visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometry method (at a wavelength of 815 ± 5 nm) in the horsetail herb is based on the formation of yellow-colored silicomolybdic acid, and its further reduction to molybdenum blue. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Recoveries were found to be in the range of 100.2 to 105.1% and %RSD was less than 2%. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The developed method is accurate, specific, precise within an interval 2-12% and suitable for the analysis of horsetail herb commercial samples.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1124</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aleksandr Vladimirovich Nikulin&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Olga Georgievna Potanina&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Evgeniy Alexandrovich Platonov&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Dmitry Olegovich Bokov&lt;sup&gt;2,3,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Olga Aleksandrovna Smyslova&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Rimma Aleksandrovna Abramovich&lt;sup&gt;1 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Рeoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, Moscow, 117198, RUSSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Institute of Pharmacy, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8 Trubetskaya St., bldg. 2, Moscow, 119991, RUSSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Federal Research Center for Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, 2/14 Ustyinsky pr., Moscow, 109240, RUSSIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharnuwan Chanhan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ampa Konsue</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rachanee Nammatra</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effect of Agricultural Model of using Fertilizer, Harvesting Time and Extraction Method on Phytochemical Contents and Antioxidant Activities from Mulberry Leaves Grown in Maha Sarakham Province, Thailand</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fertilizer</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Harvesting</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mulberry leaves</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemistry</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">531-535</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aims:&lt;/strong&gt; Phytochemical contents and free radical scavenging of Mulberry leaf extracts by using different fertilizer, time of harvesting and solvent extraction were evaluated. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Dried Mulberry leaves were extracted by using different solvent including aqueous, 50% ethanol and 95% ethanol. The phytochemical screening were determined by Total Phenolic Compounds (TPC) and Total Flavonoid Contents (TFC). The anti-oxidation were tested by using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazy (DPPH) radical scavenging and 2,2 -azinobis-(3- ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonate) (ABTS&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;) assay. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;This experimental study found that the mulberry leaf extract were given extraction with 95% ethanol, all of fertilizer and at Week 4 showed highest total phenolic contents espectcially BET2 was high amount of TPC (124.444±0.609 mgGE/gExt). The harvest time, all of groups at the Week 4 were significantly higher than all of groups at the Week 2. On the other hand, total flavonoid contents, the DET1 (Fertilizer formula 15-15-15, extraction with 95% ethanol at the Week 2; 110.913±3.208 mgQE/gExt) showed highest amount. The Antioxidant activities, DPPH free radical scavenging activity, The groups were given extraction with 95% ethanol, all of fertilizer at the Week 4 including CHT2 (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; =0.00459±0.00001 mg/mL), BHT2 (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; =0.00487 ±0.00005 mg/mL), AHT2 (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; =0.00499±0.00007 mg/mL), DHT2 (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; =0.00499±0.00005 mg/mL) and EHT2 (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; =0.00667 ±0.00039 mg/mL) were more potent on free radical scavenging higher than all of groups. The ABTS+ assay, at the Week 2 of all fertilizer groups were given with all solvent extraction including BHT1 (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; =0.03191±0.00257 mg/mL), CHT1 (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; =0.03247±0.00044 mg/mL), AHT1 (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; =0.03320±0.00120 mg/mL), EHT1 (IC&lt;sub&gt;50 &lt;/sub&gt;=0.03342±0.00116 mg/mL) and AAT1 (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; =0.03792±0.00076 mg/mL) showed free radical scavenging activity not different from standard substances, ascorbic acid (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; =0.00699 ±0.00004 mg/mL) and Trolox&lt;sup&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&amp;nbsp;(IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; =0.01594±0.00116 mg/mL).&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The study was undertaken to investigate it’s fertilizer use, harvest time and extraction method for biologically activities also chemical composition contents and their antioxidant potentials. Therefore, our data might be help to good cultivation and harvesting practice selection in order to produce better of mulberry leaf production.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">531</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pharnuwan Chanhan&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ampa Konsue&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Rachanee Nammatra&lt;sup&gt;3,&lt;/sup&gt;* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Center of Excellence for Silk Innovation, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, 44150, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine, Thai Traditional Medicine Research Unit, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, 44000, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Production and Quantity Control of Herbal Tea Laboratory, Biodiversity and Conservation Research Unit, Walai Rukhavej Botanical Research Institute, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, 44150, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phunchok Angmo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sonam Chorol</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Desyong Namgail</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">OP Chaurasia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tsering Stobdan</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effect of Maturation on Phenolics and Flavonoids Content of Greenhouse-Grown Beet Leaf</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Greenhouse</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ladakh</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maturity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vegetable</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1010-1013</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aims to determine how maturation stages of greenhouse-grown beet leaf influence the total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC). &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Beet leaf was grown under two different passive solar greenhouses in trans-Himalayan Ladakh. Leaves harvested at three maturity stages were evaluated for TPC and TFC. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Significant difference in TPC and TFC was observed between the three maturity stages. Midmature leaves had the highest TPC and TFC followed by mature and immature leaves. When TPC and TFC for all maturity stages were averaged, a marked difference in TPC and TFC was observed in beet leaf grown under the two passive solar greenhouses. Higher TPC and TFC were observed in the greenhouse with higher photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and UV-transmittance. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Beet leaf should be harvested at the midmaturity stage for consumer to benefit from elevated levels of phenolics and flavonoids.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1010</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Phunchok Angmo, Sonam Chorol, Desyong Namgail, OP Chaurasia, Tsering Stobdan*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Defence Institute of High Altitude Research, Defence R &amp;amp; D Organisation, Leh- Ladakh-194101, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Towseef Hassan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elanchezhiyan C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Insha Naseer</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S Marimuthu</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effect of Perillyl Alcohol (POH) A Monoterpene on Lipid Peroxidation and Antioxidant Status in High Fat Diet-Low Dose STZ Induced Type 2 Diabetes in Experimental Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">High Fat Diet</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lipid peroxidation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Perillyl alcohol</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Streptozotocin</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1434-1441</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim:&lt;/strong&gt; The plan of this study was to assess the protective activity of Perillyl alcohol (POH) on the levels of lipid peroxidation (LPO) by-products and antioxidant defense systems in the plasma and other tissues of normal and High Fat Diet-Low Dose Streptozotocin (STZ) induced type 2 diabetes in wistar rats. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The experimental diabetes was induced in animals by High Fat Diet-Low Dose STZ (35 mg/kg i.p.) injection, and treatment with Perillyl alcohol at the dose of (50mg/kg b.w and 100mg/kg b.w) was continued for 30 days. At the end of treatment period, oxidative stress parameters like lipid peroxidation by-products; enzymatic antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and non-enzymic antioxidants including reduced glutathione, Vitamin C and Vitamin E were measured in the plasma and tissues of experimental rats. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; In untreated diabetic rats an increase was seen in the levels of lipid peroxidation by-products and significant decrease was seen in antioxidant enzymes. Oral administration of Perillyl alcohol a monocyclic monoterpene to diabetic rats for 30 days caused a significant reduction in the levels of lipid peroxidation by-products and an increase in the activities of antioxidant enzymes, when the same were compared with the untreated diabetic group. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The result of this study indicates that Perillyl alcohol has anti lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status potential in experimental diabetes.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1434</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Towseef Hassan, Elanchezhiyan C*, Insha Naseer, S. Marimuthu&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Department of Zoology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Chidambaram-608002, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Siti Thomas Zulaikhah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Joko Wahyuwibowo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aziz Rakha D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dede Rizky P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ahmad Fauzi N</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effect of Tender Coconut Water to Prevent Anemia on Wistar Rats Induced by Lead (Plumbum)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anemia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lead (Pb)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tender coconut water</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1325-1330</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Tender coconut water (TCW) is a nutritious healthy drink, some content as L-arginin, iron, vitamin C, vitamin B6, folic acid and fatty acid have roles during the process of blood formation (hematopoesis). Lead (Pb) is one of heavy metal which can trigger the formation of &lt;em&gt;Reactive Oxygen Species&lt;/em&gt; (ROS), causing oxidative stress and &lt;em&gt;hematopoetic stem cell&lt;/em&gt; disorders which cause the decrease of hematocrit, hemoglobin and erythrocyte levels as the sign of anemia. &lt;strong&gt;Aim and Objectives: &lt;/strong&gt;This research to investigate the effect of tender coconut water to prevent anemia on lead induced rats. &lt;strong&gt;Material and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Experimental research by post test only control group design, using 18 white wistar strain male rats randomly divided into 3 groups. Group K1 served as control, Group K2 was fed lead (10 mg/day/rat), Group K3 was given tender coconut water (8 mL/200gr BW rats/ day) orally for four weeks. Rats’ blood from ophtalmicus venous was analyzed using &lt;em&gt;Hematology Analyzer&lt;/em&gt; to measure the hemoglobin, hematocrit, and erythrocyte levels. Data were analyzed using Anova test and &lt;em&gt;Kruskal Wallis. &lt;/em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt;That decreased levels of hematocrit, hemoglobin and erythrocyte were show in group K2 compared with group K1. Increased levels of hematocrit, hemoglobin and erythrocyte were observed significantly in both groups K3 than K2. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Results of the present study have administration of tender coconut water (8 mL/200gr BW rats/ day for 4 weeks) could increased of hematocrit, hemoglobin and erythrocyte levels (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; &amp;lt;0.05). The administration of tender coconut water has proven to prevent the anemia indicated by the increase of hematocrit, hemoglobin and erythrocyte levels on wistar strain male rats induced by lead.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1325</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Siti Thomas Zulaikhah&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;,*, Joko Wahyuwibowo&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Aziz Rakha D&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Dede Rizky P&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Ahmad Fauzi N&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Sultan Agung Islamic University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Student Faculty of Medicine, Sultan Agung Islamic University (UNISSULA) Semarang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vinodini NA</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pratik Kumar Chatterjee</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kunal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suman VB</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rashmi KS</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nayanatara AK</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anupama N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ramesh M. Bhat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sheela Joice P</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effectiveness of Moringa oleifea Extract in Attenuating the Toxic Effect on Platelet Count: An Experiment on Cadmium Exposed Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cadmium</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clotting Mechanisms</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moringa oleifera</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Platelet Count</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toxicity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">689-693</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aims and Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To determine the role of &lt;em&gt;Moringa oleifera&lt;/em&gt; on total platelet count alterations (T-PC) in rats treated with cadmium. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;In the present study female adult Wistar Albino rats, (180-200) gm were divided into, Group I-normal control, Group II-pretreated control, group III-cadmium treated , group IV- pre-treated with &lt;em&gt;Moringa oleifera &lt;/em&gt;leaf extract (MOE) and then administered oral cadmium for a day, with &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt;=6 each &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Indicate that the pre-treatment with MOE (100 mg/kg/bw) prior to cadmium infusion augmented the level of total platelet count (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;≤0.001) as compared to the cadmium-exposed group, which might have a role in clotting mechanisms also. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Moringa oleifera &lt;/em&gt;extract has a beneficial effect on platelet count in cadmium-induced animal model.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">689</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vinodini NA&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Pratik Kumar Chatterjee&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Kunal&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Suman VB&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Rashmi KS&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Nayanatara AK&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Anupama N&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ramesh M. Bhat&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Sheela Joice P&lt;sup&gt;2 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Physiology, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Physiology, MES Medical College, Perinthalmanna, Kerala, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ahmad Najib</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aktsar Roskiana Ahmad</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Virsa Handayani</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ELISA Test on Cordia myxa L. Leaf Extract for alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitor</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acarbose</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cordia myxa L.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ELISA</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IC50</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">α-glucosidase</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">358-361</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aimed:&lt;/strong&gt; Determine the potential of &lt;em&gt;Cordia myxa&lt;/em&gt; L. leaf on inhibited α-glucosidase. Material: ELISA Kit, Ethanol 96%, Colomn Chromatography, n-hexane, ethyl acetate, Glocobay®.&amp;nbsp; &lt;strong&gt;Method:&lt;/strong&gt; Sample from &lt;em&gt;Cordia myxa&lt;/em&gt; L. leaf extracted by ethanol 96% then evaporated to get the sticky extract. The sticky extract of &lt;em&gt;Cordia myxa&lt;/em&gt; L. leaf fractionated by column chromatography with n-hexane, n-hexane: ethyl acetate (90:10; 80:20; 75:25; 70:30; 65:35; 60:40; 55:45; 50:50) &lt;strong&gt;Assay:&lt;/strong&gt; The fractions assayed by ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) with acarbose (Glucobay ®) as the comparator.&lt;strong&gt; Result:&lt;/strong&gt; The results showed that the n-hexane fraction is the highest potency on inhibited α-glucosidase with the noncompetitive mechanism. The IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of n-hexane fraction is 0.53 ppm been while the acarbose is 6.85 ppm. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The n-hexane fraction of &lt;em&gt;Cordia myxa&lt;/em&gt; L. leaf has the highest potency to use for possible decrease blood glucose level.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">358</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ahmad Najib&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Aktsar Roskiana Ahmad&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Virsa Handayani&lt;sup&gt;2 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Phytochemistry Division-Pharmacognosy- Phytochemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Makassar- INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Pharmacognosy Division-Pharmacognosy- Phytotochemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Makassar- INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rashmi Mallya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fehmina Malim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Akanksha Naik</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Milind Bhitre</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evaluation of Anthelmintic Potential of Leaves and Fruits of Zanthoxylum rhetsa</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anthelmintic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fruit</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HPTLC</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leaf</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemicals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zanthoxylum rhetsa</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">475-478</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Zanthoxylum rhetsa&lt;/em&gt; of family Rutaceae is traditionally employed for treatment of intestinal worms, urinary tract infection, tooth ache, asthma, bronchitis and rheumatism. Thus, the objective of the study was to screen in vitro anthelmintic activity of leaves and fruits of &lt;em&gt;Zanthoxylum rhetsa&lt;/em&gt; on &lt;em&gt;Eisenia fetida&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Tubifex tubifex&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;strong&gt; Material and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Total methanol extract and solvent fractions of methanol extract were prepared by maceration and solvent solvent extraction process respectively. The chromatographic fingerprints of total methanol extracts of leaves and fruits were developed using HPTLC. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The leaf and fruit extracts showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, coumarins, essential oils and saponins. The extracts exhibited significant anthelmintic activity as evidenced by decrease in paralysis death time in the treatment groups when compared to standard. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The results suggest that fruits and leaves of &lt;em&gt;Z rhetsa&lt;/em&gt; have promising anthelmintic activity and further studies are required to identify the phytochemicals responsible for anthelmintic activity.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">475</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rashmi Mallya&lt;sup&gt;1,2,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Fehmina Malim&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Akanksha Naik&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Milind Bhitre&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;SVKM’s Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Gate No:1 Mithibai College Campus, Vile Parle (West), Mumbai–400052, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;C.U. Shah College of Pharmacy, SNDT Women’s University, Santacruz (West), Mumbai–400049, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdul Gofur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agung Witjoro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Erni Widya Ningtiyas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evi Setyowati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Siti Aminatul Mukharromah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mochammad Fitri Atho’illah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sri Rahayu Lestari</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Evaluation of Dietary Black Soybean and Purple Sweet Potato on Insulin Sensitivity in Streptozotocin - Induced Diabetic Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Malondialdehyde</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Necrosis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Superoxide dismutase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">T2DM</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">639-646</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Hyperglycemia mediates the production of excess free radicals and reduces endogenous antioxidant in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Black soybean (BSB) is rich in antioxidant mainly from isoflavones, whereas the antioxidant of purple sweet potato (PSP) comes from high anthocyanin. The study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of BSB, PSP, and its combination on malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) concentrations, insulin and insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) expression in T2DM rats. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;T2DM induced by high-calorie diet for five weeks and then injected with a low dose of streptozotocin (30 mg/kg BW) intraperitoneally. The DM rats then treated with black soybean (DM + BSB), purple sweet potato (DM + PSP) and the combination of BSB and PSP 1:3, 2:2, 3:1 respectively (DM + C1- 3). Treatments were given for thirty days. The effect of BSB, PSP and its combination evaluated by measuring SOD and MDA, necrosis in pancreas evaluated through hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and insulin and IRS-1 expression in pancreas through immunohistochemistry-fluorescence (IHC-F). &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Our result indicated that there were no significant differences of BSB and the combination in decreasing MDA concentrations. The ratio of BSB and PSP combination of 2:2 increase SOD towards near normal, decrease necrosis, and improve insulin and IRS-1. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The combination of BSB and PSP had the potential to improve insulin sensitivity through the increase of SOD, reduce necrosis, and improve insulin and IRS-1 expression.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">639</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Abdul Gofur&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Agung Witjoro&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Erni Widya Ningtiyas&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Evi Setyowati&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Siti Aminatul Mukharromah&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Mochammad Fitri Atho’illah&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sri Rahayu Lestari&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Malang, Jl. Semarang No. 5, Malang 65145, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Brawijaya University, Jl. Veteran, Malang 65145, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vigasini Subbiah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pannaga Nagaraja</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Priya Narayan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Holenarasipur GunduRao Nagendra</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evaluation of Pharmacological Properties of Caesalpinia bonducella Seed and Shell Extract</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-diabetic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-inflammatory</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-mitotic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-oxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caesalpinia bonducella</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January-2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">150-154</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt; Caesalpinia bonducella&lt;/em&gt; L. is a medicinal plant belonging to the family Caesalpiniaceae. It is a prickly shrub widely distributed all over the world especially in Indian tropical regions such as Kerala, Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Sri Lanka. There are claims that its leaves or seeds/ seed kernel possess antipyretic, antidiuretic, antibacterial, antiviral, antiestrogenic and antidiabetic activities Due to the above properties several preparations of the plant were used in folk medicine.&lt;strong&gt; Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The aqueous extract of &lt;em&gt;Caesalpinia bonducella&lt;/em&gt; nut containing the seed and the shell, has been evaluated for qualitative analysis of secondary metabolites (tannis, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, coumarins, quinone and phenols), in-vitro anti -inflammatory, anti-diabetic assay, antioxidant, antimitotic and antimicrobial activity. The studies were carried out using HRBC membrane stabilization, inhibition of alpha amalyse enzyme, DPPH method, green gram growth inhibition, agar diffusion method respectively. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Our results indicate the presence of Alkaloids, Flavanoids and Saponins. We report in our study the antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-microbial and antimitotic activity of &lt;em&gt;Caesalpinia bonducella.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">150</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vigasini Subbiah, Pannaga Nagaraja, Priya Narayan&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;, Holenarasipur GunduRao Nagendra &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Department of Biotechnology, Sir M Visvesvaraya Institute of Technology, Hunasamaranahalli, Bangalore- 562 157, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Guseinov MD</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bobkova NV</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Svistunov AA</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tarasov VV</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bokov DO</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sergunova EV</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kovaleva TYu</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoids in Passiflora incarnata L. Dry Extract of Russian Origin</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dry extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Passiflora incarnata</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">standardization</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1143-1147</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Flavonoids are one of the main classes of biologically active substances providing the pharmacotherapeutic effect of passionflower (&lt;em&gt;Passiflora incarnata&lt;/em&gt; L.) preparations. In this article studies on the standardization of &lt;em&gt;Passiflora incarnata&lt;/em&gt; L. dry extract (PDE) by flavonoids are presented. The aim of this work was to study the composition and content of flavonoids in PDE with the help of precise modern physicochemical methods. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; PDE was prepared from crude herbal drug – &lt;em&gt;P. incarnata&lt;/em&gt; herb of Russian origin. Reverse phase HPLC-UV analysis was performed with Agilent 1100 liquid chromatograph. Chromatographic column was Atlantis C&lt;sub&gt;18&lt;/sub&gt; (250 mm × 4.6 mm × 5 μm); analytical wavelength – 350 nm; mobile phase – 0.01% formic acid solution and methanol: acetonitrile (25:75); column temperature – 35°C; analysis time – 90 min; flow rate of the mobile phase – 0.8 ml/min in gradient elution mode. Commercially available samples of flavonoids were used for identification and quantitative determination. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;20 compounds of flavonoid structure are presented in the PDE. 9 flavonoid compounds have been identified, they are: isovitexin, vitexin, rutoside, hyperoside, luteolin, kaempferol, kaempferitrin, orientin, and isoorientin. The content of vitexin is 0,867 ± 0,011%, the total flavonoids content in terms of vitexin is 3,762 ± 0,049%. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The obtained data will be used to create regulatory documentation for drugs based on PDE.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1143</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Guseinov MD&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Bobkova NV&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Svistunov AA&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Tarasov VV&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Bokov DO&lt;sup&gt;2,3,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Sergunova EV&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Kovaleva TYu&lt;sup&gt;2 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Medical College named after Bashlarov, Amet Khan Sultan Ave., 10th km., 367915, Makhachkala, Republic of Dagestan, RUSSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8 Trubetskaya St., bldg. 2, 119991, RUSSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Federal Research Center for Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, 2/14, Ustyinsky pr., Moscow, 109240, RUSSIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Williams Kweku Darkwah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Matthew Nkoom</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Free Radicals Scavenging Activity and Oxidative DNA Damage Protecting Property of Methanol Extract from Honeycrisp Apple</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DNA damaging</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DPPH</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Free Radicals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Honeycrisp apple</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nitric oxide</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemicals</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">694-698</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objectives:&lt;/strong&gt; This research reports the qualitative phytochemical constituents and considers the &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; free radicals scavenging activities based on DPPH and nitric oxide assays and oxidative DNA damage protection activity of methanol extract from &lt;em&gt;Honeycrisp apple.&lt;/em&gt; The foremost interest for this research was to use standard measures to determine nitric oxide scavenging activity, DPPH-scavenging activity and DNA damage protecting activity to assess the antioxidant potential of methanol extract from the apple.&lt;strong&gt; Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Concentrations of apple extracts with the intervals 20 μg/ml to 100 μmg/ml were prepared and mixed with suitable volumes of reagents and the corresponding absorbances read at the respective wavelength. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The outcomes of this research specify that methanol extract of &lt;em&gt;Honeycrisp apple&lt;/em&gt; contain multiple phytochemical compounds that can expertly shield the body against oxidative stress caused by free radicals and might then be used as a source of potent natural antioxidant compounds. The IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values of methanol extract from &lt;em&gt;Honeycrisp apple &lt;/em&gt;varied from 10.30 to 36.29 μg/ml which indicates the high radical scavenging activity of the sample. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The DNA damage defensive potential of the extracts was also revealed, which could be used in cancer inhibition.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">694</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Williams Kweku Darkwah*, Matthew Nkoom &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Environmental Engineering Department, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, CHINA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maria Carmen S. Tan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marissa G. Noel</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Glucosinolates, Degradation Products and Myrosinase Activity in Raphanus sativus Linn.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GC-FID</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GC-MS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Glucosinolates</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Isothiocyanates</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LC-ESI-MS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Myrosinase</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">866-872</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;This research was conducted to assess the gluocosinolate (GSL), isothiocyanate (ITC) and myrosinase content in two cultivars of Raphanus sativus Linn. (white and red) roots. LC-ESIMS investigation was done on desulfated GSLs since this methodology has been previously established for efficient GSL analyses. The major GSLs: sinigrin &lt;strong&gt;(1)&lt;/strong&gt; 1,2-dihydroxy-2-phenylethyl glucosinolate &lt;strong&gt;(2)&lt;/strong&gt;, 4-hydroxyglucobrassicin &lt;strong&gt;(3)&lt;/strong&gt;, glucoraphasatin &lt;strong&gt;(4)&lt;/strong&gt; and 4-methoxyglucobrassicin &lt;strong&gt;(5)&lt;/strong&gt; were found in red radishes; whereas, only &lt;strong&gt;1&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;4&lt;/strong&gt; were obtained in white radishes. Myrosinase was analyzed in the tubers due to its ability to catalyze and hydrolyze GSLs into ITCs. This β-thioglucosidase enzyme was found to be over 10 times more active in red tubers (2.05E-02 units) than in white radishes (1.55E-03 units) and the results were linked to the presence/absence of the outer covering of the tubers. Due to the promising medicinal properties of the aglucone derivative of compound 4, 4-methylthio-3-butenyl isothiocyanate &lt;strong&gt;(6)&lt;/strong&gt;, the ITC analog was monitored using gas chromatographic mass spectral analyses after myrosinase-mediated hydrolysis. From the results, it can be construed that the occurrence of GSLs&lt;strong&gt; 1-5&lt;/strong&gt; and the bioactive agent &lt;strong&gt;6&lt;/strong&gt; were inherent in the R. sativus cultivars evaluated.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">866</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">866</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Maria Carmen S. Tan*, Marissa G. Noel&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Chemistry Department, De La Salle University, 2401 Taft Avenue, Manila 1004, PHILIPPINES.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fidan Suleymanova</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olga Nesterova</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alexey Matyushin</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HPLC Quantification of Hydroxycinnamic and Organic Acids of Canadian Goldenrod (Solidago canadensis L.)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Canadian goldenrod</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HPLC</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hydroxycinnamic acids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Organic acids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Solidago canadensis</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">400-404</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background&lt;/strong&gt;: Canadian goldenrod (&lt;em&gt;Solidago canadensis&lt;/em&gt; L.) is a medicinal plant widely used in traditional medicine across the world for several hundred years. According to literature data, &lt;em&gt;S. canadensis&lt;/em&gt; contains various groups of biologically active substances, including tannins, flavonoids, etc. The aim of the study was to identify and quantify hydroxycinnamic and organic acids in aerial parts of Canadian goldenrod, as these groups of substances demonstrate a broad spectrum of therapeutic activities. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods&lt;/strong&gt;: Ethanolic extracts of &lt;em&gt;S. canadensis&lt;/em&gt;, gathered in Central Russia, were analyzed using highperformance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Hydroxycinnamic acids (HCA) determination was carried out by HPLC method with UV detection at 330 nm using HCA reference standards (RS). Organic acids (OA) determination was performed in the same manner, utilizing UV detection at 210 nm and corresponding OA RS. &lt;strong&gt;Results&lt;/strong&gt;: It was established that &lt;em&gt;S. canadensis&lt;/em&gt; HCA composition is represented by cichoric, caffeic, chlorogenic, quinic and ferulic acids. The total HCA content in was 1.16 g ± 10.7 mg / 100 g. Main OA, found in &lt;em&gt;S. canadensis&lt;/em&gt;, are ascorbic, citric, tartaric, succinic, gallic, malic, oxalic and fumaric acids, with the total OA content of 426.5 mg ± 6.4 mg / 100 g. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;: The described HPLC method was successfully used for analysis of &lt;em&gt;S. canadensis&lt;/em&gt; aerial parts ethanolic extracts. The method can be utilized for HCA and OA identification and quantification in both herbal raw material and herbal medicinal products containing Canadian goldenrod.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">400</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fidan Suleymanova&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Olga Nesterova&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Alexey Matyushin&lt;sup&gt;2 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, RUSSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Analytical Toxicology, Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Institute of Pharmacy, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, RUSSIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dieah Siti Rahmawati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berna Elya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arikadia Noviani</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inhibitory Effects of Sangketan (Achyranthes aspera L.) Roots Extract on Arginase Activity and Determination of Its Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Contents</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Achyranthes aspera</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arginase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inhibitory effect</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sangketan</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">total flavonoid content</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">total phenolic content</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1231-1234</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Achyranthes aspera&lt;/em&gt;, or commonly called as Sangketan in Indonesian is a wild plant that is used as a traditional medicine. The roots of Sangketan can be used as a wound healer by involving the role of arginine and its metabolites, nitric oxide, that directly affect the wound healing process itself. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The aim of this study is to determine the potential of Sangketan roots extract in inhibiting arginase activity. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The roots were extracted using multistage ultrasound-assisted extraction method with n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol solvent. Each extract from different solvents was tested for the inhibition of arginase activity using a microplate-based colorimetric method, followed by determination of total phenolic concentration and total flavonoid concentration. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The results of inhibition test of arginase activity by n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanolic extracts were 9.56; 17.58; and 29.77% sequentially/respectively at concentration of 100 μg/ml; the total phenolic concentration were 3.91; 4.83; dan 11.18 mgGAE/g of sample respectively; and the total flavonoid concentration are 0.29; 0.80; and 0.88 mgQE/g of sample respectively. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; From this research, it can be concluded that Sangketan roots extract had low potency of arginase inhibitory activity.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1231</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dieah Siti Rahmawati, Berna Elya*, Arikadia Noviani &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Indonesia, Depok 16424 West, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dina M Eskander</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ezzel -Din A El-Khrisy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mary H Grace</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marian Nabil</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mahmoud I Nassar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marwa M Mounier</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Investigation of Secondary Metabolites and Cytotoxicity of Jacquemontia pentantha (Jacq.)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytotoxic activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jacquemontia pentantha</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MTT Assay</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sterols</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terpenes</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">718-723</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; The aim of this study is to isolate and identify sterols and terpenes from the chloroform/methanol extract (3:1) of aerial parts of &lt;em&gt;Jacquemontia pentantha&lt;/em&gt; (Jacq.) and evaluation of cytotoxic activity of crude extract and phytol for the first time from this plant. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Different chromatographic techniques for the aerial parts of &lt;em&gt;Jacquemontia pentantha&lt;/em&gt; extract were used resulting in isolation of eight compounds. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods including&lt;sup&gt; 1&lt;/sup&gt;HNMR, &lt;sup&gt;13&lt;/sup&gt;CNMR, EI/MS spectrometry and by comparing their data with those reported in the literature. The cytotoxicity was evaluated using MTT assay. The mode of action of the extract was predicted by using Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay Kit for Tubulin beta (TUBb). &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Eight compounds for the first time from this plant were identified as Palmitic acid (1), Phytol (major) (2), Stigmast-4-en- 3-one (3), mixture of α-amyrin (4) and β–amyrin (5), 1,6,10,14,18,22-Tetracosahexaen-3- ol,2,6,10,15,19,23-hexamethyl (all-E) (6) and mixture of α– amyrin acetate (7) and β-amyrin acetate (8). The extract showed potent cytotoxic activity on MCF-7 breast carcinoma cell line as well as HCT-116 colon carcinoma cell line at different concentrations (100-6.25 ug/ml) with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; (21.8 ± 0.9) and (40.9 ± 1.3) respectively. Phytol showed potent cytotoxic activity on MCF-7 cell line at different concentrations (100-12.5 ug/ml) with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; (60 ± 2.4), while it had no cytotoxic effect on HCT-116 cell line. The extract showed significant TUBb polymerization inhibition activity. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The extract of aerial parts of &lt;em&gt;Jacquemontia pentantha &lt;/em&gt;(Jacq.) and also phytol compound has cytotoxic activity due to the presence of phytochemicals such as sterols and terpenes.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">718</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dina M Eskander&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Ezzel -Din A El-Khrisy&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Mary H Grace&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Marian Nabil&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Mahmoud I Nassar&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Marwa M Mounier&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Chemistry of Natural Compounds Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622 Cairo, EGYPT.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Plants for Human Health Institute, Food Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences Department, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, NC, USA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Drug Bioassay-Cell Culture Laboratory, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622 Cairo, EGYPT.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Susi Novaryatiin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Indah Indah</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Medicinal Plants Used in Anjir Pulang Pisau, Central Kalimantan-Indonesia</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Curcuma zedoaria</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ethnomedicine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kahayan Hilir</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pulang Pisau</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Traditional Knowledge</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1572-1579</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;The use of medicinal plants in Anjir Pulang Pisau Village has been carried out for a long time through knowledge that is passed down through generations to family members. But there is no documentation of local knowledge about medicinal plants. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This study was aimed to investigate the use of medicinal plants in Anjir Pulang Pisau Village, Central Kalimantan-Indonesia. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The data were collected through individual interviews using semi—structured interviews. Information regarding the local names of the plant, medicinal uses, parts used, methods of preparation, and administration route were documented. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 28 medicinal plants were identified. The family Anacardiaceae, Lamicaeae, Poaceae, and Myrtaceae had the highest proportion of medicinal plants used (7% each). The most frequently utilized medicinal plant parts were roots (47%). The plant species used to treat the high percentage of disease was &lt;em&gt;Curcuma zedoaria&lt;/em&gt; (Christm.) Roscoe. (16%). In terms of frequency of medicinal plant uses, the highest percentage of plant species (21%) was used to treat wound. Majority of the plant remedies in this study were prepared by decoction (40%), and most medicinal plant preparations were taken orally (75%). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Further research is needed to identify unidentified family and plant species. Pharmacognostical and pharmacological studies are also needed for the identification of chemical compounds and proving the efficacy of medicinal plants used by local people.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1572</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Susi Novaryatiin*,&amp;nbsp;Indah Indah​&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Science, Universitas Muhammadiyah Palangkaraya, Palangka Raya, Central Kalimantan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">William Antonio Sagástegui Guarniz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kirley Marques Canuto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paulo Riceli Vasconcelos Ribeiro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hilania Valeria Dodou</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karla Nascimento Magalhaes</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">KellenMiranda Sá</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Patrícia Georgina Garcia do Nascimento</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karine Lima Silva</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gleilton Weyne Passos Sales</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mirian Parente Monteiro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nadia Accioly Pinto Nogueira</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sikiru Olaitan Balogun</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mary Anne Medeiros Bandeira</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Momordica Charantia L. Variety from Northeastern Brazil: Analysis of Antimicrobial Activity and Phytochemical Components</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antifungal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ethnopharmacology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">in vitro activity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1312-1324</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Momordica charanthia &lt;/em&gt;L., Curcubitaceae, is a pantropical food and medicinal plant. The plant is included in the Official List of Brazilian Medicinal Plants of interest to the Brazilian Unified Health System. The study aimed to perfom microbiological studies with extracts of &lt;em&gt;Momordica charanthia&lt;/em&gt; L. including chemical characterization of the active extracts. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The antimicrobial activity was evaluated with the hydroalcoholic and acetone extracts of&lt;em&gt; M. charantia&lt;/em&gt; leaves, fruits and seeds from northeastern Brazil using microdilution broth technique on the selected clinical bacterial and fungal strains. Extracts that presented antimicrobial were subjected to ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QToF-ESI-MS). &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The&lt;em&gt; in vitro &lt;/em&gt;antimicrobial assays demonstrated that the leaves extracts presented good antibacterial effect against four &lt;em&gt;Staphylococcus aureus &lt;/em&gt;strains, and a weak antifungal activity agaist &lt;em&gt;Candida albicans&lt;/em&gt;. Fourteen compounds were identified in the hydroalcoholic extract, while 12 were found in the acetone extract. The most important compounds were kaempferol, quercertin and triterpenoids like cucurbitacins. &lt;strong&gt;Conclussion: &lt;/strong&gt;The present study demonstrated the potential antibacterial activity of &lt;em&gt;M. charantia&lt;/em&gt; L. from northeastern part of Brazil, in addition to important phytochemical metabolites known to possess antibacterial activities, particularly against microrganisms of clinical importance. The UPLC phytochemical profile of the Brazilian variety is reported here for the first time. The phytochemical profile of the LHE and FAE demonstrated the presence of biologically and pharmacologically active compounds. There is lack of biological and pharmacological studies to support the medicinal uses of this important plant. The Brazilian variety of &lt;em&gt;M. Charantia &lt;/em&gt;could be a potential therapeutic agent in the treatment of infections.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1312</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;William Antonio Sagástegui Guarniz&lt;sup&gt;1,8&lt;/sup&gt;, Kirley Marques Canuto&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Paulo Riceli Vasconcelos Ribeiro&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Hilania Valeria Dodou&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Karla Nascimento Magalhaes&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Kellen Miranda Sá&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Patrícia Georgina Garcia do Nascimento&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Karine Lima Silva&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Gleilton Weyne Passos Sales&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Mirian Parente Monteiro&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Nadia Accioly Pinto Nogueira&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Sikiru Olaitan Balogun&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;,*, Mary Anne Medeiros Bandeira&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Odontology and Nursing, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Ceará, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical, Ceará, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Horto de Plantas Medicinais Prof FJA Matos, Universidade Federal do Ceará, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Ceara, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Ceará, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Ceará, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Faculdade Noroeste do Mato Grosso - AJES, 78.320-000, Juína, Mato Grosso, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, National University of Trujillo, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ismael Leon-Rivera</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Juana Villeda-Hernandez</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elizur Montiel-Arcos</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Isaac Tello</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maria Yolanda Rios</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Samuel Estrada-Soto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Angelica Berenice Aguilar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Veronica Nunez-Urquiza</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jazmin Mendez-Miron</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Victoria Campos-Pena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sergio Hidalgo-Figueroa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eva Hernandez</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gerardo Hurtado</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neuroprotective Effects of Ganoderma curtisii Polysaccharides After Kainic Acid-Seizure Induced</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-inflammatory</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anticonvulsant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ganoderma curtisii</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neuroprotective</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">β-glucan</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1046-1054</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Epilepsy is one of the major neurological disorders affecting world population. Although, some &lt;em&gt;Ganoderma&lt;/em&gt; species have shown neuroprotective activities, the effects of polysaccharides isolated from &lt;em&gt;Ganoderma curtisii&lt;/em&gt; on epileptic seizures have not been reported. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The aims of the present study were to determine whether treatment with a polysaccharide fraction (GCPS-2) from a Mexican &lt;em&gt;Ganoderma curtisii &lt;/em&gt;strain can reduce seizures, and the increases in the levels of apoptotic molecules and inflammatory cytokines in kainic acid-induced seizure mouse model. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Rats were separated in groups: Control group received 2.5% Tween 20 solution; GCPS-2 groups were administered GCPS-2 (10, 40, or 80 mg/kg); KA group received KA 10 mg/kg; GCPS-2+KA received GCPS- 2 and 30 min later KA. Pathological changes in neuronal morphology, expression of B-cell lymphoma-2, and pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin1-β and tumor necrosis factor-α) in the rat hippocampus and cortex were determined by immunohistochemistry.&lt;strong&gt; Results: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ganoderma curtisii&lt;/em&gt; soluble polysaccharides (GCPS-2) inhibited convulsions in rats. Moreover, treatment with GCPS-2 reduced the increased levels of apoptotic signaling molecules (Bcl-2) and proinflammatory mediators (in the kainic acid-treated hippocampus and cortex). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Ganoderma curtisii&lt;/em&gt; soluble polysaccharides have a neuroprotective potential against epilepsy, partially through its ability to inhibit neurotoxic events in the &lt;em&gt;in vivo&lt;/em&gt; hippocampus and cortex.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1046</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ismael León-Rivera&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;*, Juana Villeda-Hernández&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Elizur Montiel-Arcos&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Isaac Tello&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, María Yolanda Rios&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Samuel Estrada-Soto&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Angélica Berenice Aguilar&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Verónica Núñez-Urquiza&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Jazmín Méndez-Mirón&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Victoria Campos-Peña&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sergio Hidalgo-Figueroa&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Eva Hernández&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;, Gerardo Hurtado&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, IICBA, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa 62209 Cuernavaca, Morelos, ESTADOS UNIDOS MEXICANOS.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez. Avenida Insurgentes Sur No. 3877 Col. La Fama Tlalpan, Ciudad de México, ESTADOS UNIDOS MEXICANOS.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa 62209 Cuernavaca, Morelos, ESTADOS UNIDOS MEXICANOS.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa 62209 Cuernavaca, Morelos, ESTADOS UNIDOS MEXICANOS.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa 62209 Cuernavaca, Morelos, ESTADOS UNIDOS MEXICANOS.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;CONACYT-IPICYT Consorcio de Investigación, Innovación y Desarrollo para las Zonas Áridas, 78216 San Luis Potosí, ESTADOS UNIDOS MEXICANOS.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Avenida Universidad 565, Col. Santa María Ahuacatitla Cuernavaca, Morelos, ESTADOS UNIDOS MEXICANOS.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Srinivasa Naidu Parijatham Kanchana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agnel Arul John Nayagam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sandra Horta</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognostic Profile of Root and Stem of Indigofera Tirunelvelica Sanjappa</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alkaloid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Indigofera tirunelvelica Sanjappa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Root</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stem</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1580-1586</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;The focus on herbal plants as medicine is increasing rapidly because of their efficacy and less side effects. The medicinal plants are great alternative as they are renewable and non exhaustive resources. In India these medicinal plants have been part of the people’s life dating back from centuries. &lt;strong&gt;Objectives:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study is aimed to evaluate anatomical characterization of stem and root of &lt;em&gt;Indigofera tirunelvelica&lt;/em&gt; Sanjappa for the first time which can be used in the identification and standardisation of &lt;em&gt;Indigofera tirunelvelica&lt;/em&gt; Sanjappa. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The stem and root of the plant were evaluated for their microscopic features. In that histochemical localisation of secondary metabolites and transverse section of stem and root were studied. The histochemical localisation result reveals the presence of terpenoids, alkaloids, flavonoids and lignin were found in epidermal, cortical and xylem regions of the stem. Alkaloids, Terpenoids, phenols and lignin were found in the different areas of root. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The present study thus emphasis the potentiality of the plant as a drug.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1580</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Srinivasa Naidu Parijatham Kanchana&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Agnel Arul John Nayagam&lt;sup&gt;2,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Sandra Horta&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry, St, Francis College for Women (Autonomous), Hyderabad, Telangana, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;PG and research Department of Biochemistry, Srimad Andavan Arts and Science College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry, St, Francis College for Women (Autonomous), Hyderabad, Telangana, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chinnapillai Arunachalam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Balasundaram Maheshwari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Govindarajan Nartunai</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Raju Ilavarasan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Koppala Narayana Sunil Kumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Parameswaran Sathiyarajeswaran</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A Pharmacognosy Approach to the Botanical Source of a Cinnamon Fruit Traded as Nāgakeśara and Sirunagappu in Raw Drug Markets</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HPTLC</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lauraceae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Market substitute</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quality standards</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Siddha</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ulteration</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">81-87</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Adulteration and substitution of Nagakesara is a well-established fact in the medicinal plant literature though it is referred by the authors of important Ayurvedic texts to cure piles, dysentery, hiccup etc. The botanical identities of controversial sources of Nagakesara are flowers of Mesua ferrea L. and Ochrocarpus longifolius Benth. and Hook. f., &lt;em&gt;Calophyllum inophyllum&lt;/em&gt; L., Dillenia pentagyna Roxb. and perchance their allied species. Though immature fruits of some &lt;em&gt;Cinnamomum&lt;/em&gt; species are also reported to be sold as&lt;em&gt; Nagakesara/Sirunagappu&lt;/em&gt; in the crude drug markets there are no pharmacognostic studies available for the identification and analysis of this crude drug. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; In this study, marketed Nagakesara/ Sirunagappu samples were procured from Chennai raw drug market and analyzed as per the standard methodologies for pharmacognostic studies. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Macro-microscopical characters and chemical identity of the samples of immature fruits were established to derive set of characters for the identification of this marketed material. The proposed results would help in identification of this crude drug while used as substitute drug for the official source. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The botanical Nagakesara or Sirunagappu is neither stamen nor flower, but it is fruit of &lt;em&gt;Cinnamomum&lt;/em&gt; species. As Western Ghats is habitat for several similar looking species of &lt;em&gt;Cinnamomum&lt;/em&gt;, there is necessity to study the pharmacognostical characters of all species of&lt;em&gt; Cinnamomum&lt;/em&gt; before concluding the botanical source of this ambiguous raw drug of Ayurveda and Siddha.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">81</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Chinnapillai Arunachalam&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Balasundaram Maheshwari&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Govindarajan Nartunai&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Raju Ilavarasan&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Koppala Narayana Sunil Kumar&lt;sup&gt;1,2*&lt;/sup&gt;, Parameswaran Sathiyarajeswaran&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Captain Srinivasa Murthy Regional Ayurveda Drug Development Institute India, Chennai- 600106, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Siddha Central Research Institute, Arignar Anna Hospital Campus, Arumbakkam, Chennai- 600106, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meselhy KM</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shams MM</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sherif NH</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">El-Sonbaty SM</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phenolic Profile and In Vivo Cytotoxic Activity of Rice Straw Extract</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytotoxic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Histopathology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LC/MS/MS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phenolics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rice straw</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">849-857</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Previous work of our team exhibited that rice straw (RS) has antitumor activity &lt;em&gt;in vitro &lt;/em&gt;and inhibit proliferation of liver, lung, prostate, and breast cancer human cell lines. In this work, we extended our research to screen the antitumor activity of RS ethanol extract as a single treatment and in the presence of combined radiotherapy with a low dose of gamma radiation against murine Ehrlich solid carcinoma (EAC) model. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To evaluate the most common waste in Egypt RS to screen out its &lt;em&gt;in vivo&lt;/em&gt; cytotoxic activity and as combined therapy with radiotherapy.&lt;strong&gt; Method:&lt;/strong&gt; Tested sample RS was investigated for its content of phenolics by LC/MS/MS, in addition, ethanolic extracts of the tested sample were investigated as antitumor on female mice inoculated with EAC cells as a single treatment and in the presence of combined radiotherapy with a low dose of gamma radiation (LDR). &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; LC/MS/MS revealed that rice straw was rich in phenolic acids (vanillic, p-coumaric, ferulic, and sinapic acid) along with catechin and flavonoids aglycones (quercetin, apigenin, and kaempferol). Rice straw and/or exposure to a low dose of γ-radiation caused a marked suppression of tumor growth and induced significant reduction in VEGF level &amp;amp; in IL-6 level with significant elevation in IL-10 serum level. Rice straw caused a significant down regulation in the gene transcription level of MCL1 and b-catenin, and a significant up-regulation of Caspase-3 and Bax gene expression. RS extract and LDR (EC + RS + R group) revealed that there was a mild form of necrosis with severe apoptosis in the tumor cells. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; From the aforementioned results, it can be concluded that RS/LDR effectively and synergistically work towards inhibition of cancer cell proliferation. These findings were well supported with histopathological studies suggesting that RS/low dose gamma radiation can serve as a good therapeutic agent against cancer but still need further clinical studies.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">849</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Meselhy KM&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Shams MM&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sherif NH&lt;sup&gt;3,4&lt;/sup&gt;, El-Sonbaty SM&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, EGYPT.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Medicinal Plants and Natural Products, National Organization for Drug Control &amp;amp; Research (NODCAR), Giza, EGYPT.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Drug Radiation Research Department, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Atomic Energy Authority, Nasr City, EGYPT.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni Suef, EGYPT.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Radiation Microbiology, The National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Atomic Energy Authority, Nasr City, EGYPT.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Srinivasa Reddy Bonam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sathish Kumar Manoharan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vijayapandi Pandy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anji Reddy Raya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rama Rao Nadendla</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Manjunathan Jagadeesan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ankem Narendra Babu</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical, in vitro Antioxidant and in vivo Safety Evaluation of Leaf Extracts of Tragia plukenetii</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dermal toxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DPPH assay</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Iron chelation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oral toxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tragia plukenetii.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">β-carotene-linoleic acid complex</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">338-345</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To investigate the phytochemical properties,&lt;em&gt; in vitro&lt;/em&gt; antioxidant and in vivo safety profile of leaf extracts of Tragia plukenetii (TP).&lt;strong&gt; Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; TP leaves were obtained from the south part of India (Guntur District, Andhra Pradesh) and it was extracted with different solvents (benzene extract (BE), chloroform extract (CE) and methanolic extract (ME)). These TP extracts were analyzed for the &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; antioxidant activity by DPPH reducing power, β-carotene-linoleic acid complex and iron chelation assays followed by in vivo acute oral and dermal toxicities using Swiss mice and Wistar rats respectively. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study results revealed ME exhibited an effective and powerful antioxidant activity when compared to a standard antioxidant, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). ME was found to be effective in DPPH, β-carotene-linoleic acid complex and iron chelation assays respectively. In vivo acute oral toxicity study revealed that mice treated with up to 5000 mg/kg of BE, CE and ME did not show any signs of toxicity. Furthermore, similarly, acute dermal toxicity study demonstrated that BE, CE and ME did not exhibit any signs of dermal toxicity up to 1000 mg/kg in rats. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; TP extracts possess an excellent antioxidant activity with a devoid of any signs of acute oral and dermal toxicities.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">338</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Srinivasa Reddy Bonam&lt;sup&gt;1,2,&lt;/sup&gt; Sathish Kumar Manoharan&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Vijayapandi Pandy&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Anji Reddy Raya&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Rama Rao Nadendla&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Manjunathan Jagadeesan&lt;sup&gt;3,4,&lt;/sup&gt; Ankem Narendra Babu&lt;sup&gt;1 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Chalapathi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lam, Guntur, 522034, Andhra Pradesh, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;UMR 7242 CNRS- Neuroimmunology and Peptide Therapy Team, University of Strasbourg, Biotechnology and Cell Signaling (Strasbourg School of Biotechnology, ESBS), Illkirch, 67400, FRANCE.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biotechnology, Vels University, Pallavaram, Chennai-600117, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Research and Development, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chromepet, Chennai- 600044, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Srinivasa Reddy Bonam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sathish Kumar Manoharan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vijayapandi Pandy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anji Reddy Raya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rama Rao Nadendla</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Manjunathan Jagadeesan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ankem Narendra Babu</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical, in vitro Antioxidant and in vivo Safety Evaluation of Leaf Extracts of Tragia plukenetii</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nil</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">848</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;In principle, this figure represents non-toxic effect of TP. As all the treatment groups are non-toxic, we have optimistically represented the figure. Due to the manual error while copying the figure 4, BE image was taken from different group instead of actual one. This has been rectified in the corrected image of figure 4. In ground reality, however, the present modifications in the figure do not alter the scientific meaning of the figure or the outcome of the study conclusions. &lt;strong&gt;Read more...&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Corrigendum</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">848</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Srinivasa Reddy Bonam&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sathish Kumar Manoharan&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Vijayapandi Pandy&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Anji Reddy Raya&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Rama Rao Nadendla&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Manjunathan Jagadeesan&lt;sup&gt;3,4&lt;/sup&gt;, Ankem Narendra Babu&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Chalapathi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lam, Guntur, 522034, Andhra Pradesh, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;UMR 7242 CNRS- Neuroimmunology and Peptide Therapy Team, University of Strasbourg, Biotechnology and Cell Signaling (Strasbourg School of Biotechnology, ESBS), Illkirch, 67400, FRANCE.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biotechnology, Vels University, Pallavaram, Chennai-600117, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Research and Development, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chromepet, Chennai- 600044, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Nursid</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Endar Marraskuranto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Azizah Kuswardini</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tjahyo Winanto</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Screening of Tyrosinase Inhibitor, Antioxidant and Cytotoxicity of Dried Sea Cucumber from Tomini Bay, Indonesia</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytotoxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Screening</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sea cucumber</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tyrosinase inhibitor</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">555-558</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Indonesia, as a tropical country, is one of the important producers of sea cucumbers (beche-de-mer). Sea cucumber is a marine invertebrate that contains attractive bioactive secondary metabolites and these metabolites can be used for health as well as cosmetics. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The aim of the study was to determine the activity of tyrosinase inhibitors, antioxidants, and cytotoxicity of sea cucumber methanolic extract. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Dried sea cucumber samples were taken from Boalemo waters, Tomini Bay, Indonesia. Tyrosinase inhibitor assay was carried out spectrophotometrically using tyrosinase enzymes and L-DOPA as a substrate and antioxidant tests were carried out by DPPH method. Cytotoxicity test against human breast cancer cell line (T47D) was conducted using the MTT assay. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The study showed that &lt;em&gt;Bohadschia vitiensis&lt;/em&gt; had the best tyrosinase inhibitor activity with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value of 0.28 mg/ml. The DPPH free radical scavenging testing showed that all sea cucumbers had weak antioxidant activity. On the other hand, cytotoxicity assay revealed that several sea cucumbers had good cytotoxicity against T47D cells, where &lt;em&gt;Holothuria atra&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Bohadschia marmorata &lt;/em&gt;showed strong cytotoxicities with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values of 23.0 and 28.1 ug/mL, respectively. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Based on the study, it can be concluded that the dried sea cucumber from the Tomini bay region, Indonesia, has the potential to be developed as a source of tyrosinase inhibitors and cytotoxic agents.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">555</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Muhammad Nursid&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Endar Marraskuranto&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Azizah Kuswardini&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Tjahyo Winanto&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Research Center for Marine and Fisheries Product Processing and Biotechnology, Ministry of Marine and Fisheries Affairs, REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Marine and Fisheries Science, University of Jenderal Soedirman, Purwokerto, INDONESIA&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ayan Kumar Naskar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Souradut Ray</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sanjukta Mondal Parui</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amal Kumar Mondal</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Studies on an in-vitro Investigation of Anti Diabetic Property of a Hemiparasitic Taxa Dendrophthoe falcata (L.f.) Ettingsh (Loranthaceae)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alpha-amylase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dendrophthoe falcata</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Loranthaceae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medicinal value</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">699-704</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dendrophthoe falcata&lt;/em&gt; (L.f.) Ettingsh, belong to the family Loranthaceae an unique hemiparasitic taxon, spreads almost all the entire forest in South West Bengal. It is generally stem hemi parasitic taxa and habitat mostly on aerial part of host plant having strong in spite of common root system. It is depend on the host plant for mainly water and to some extend carbon. It synthesizes its own food. The haustoria have penetrated to the vascular bundle mainly in the xylem tissue of the host plants. It has numerous medicinal values with a long history of its use in Chinese traditional medicines. &lt;strong&gt;Objectives:&lt;/strong&gt; The present work deals with the anti-diabetic property medicinal aspect. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The leaves extract mixed with the amylase enzyme then add the starch solution and allow the reaction for few minutes after that the reaction mixture interrupted with DNS. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The responsible enzyme i.e. Alpha-amylase breaks the large starch molecules which produces free glucose and simultaneously increases the blood sugar level and as a result hyperglycemia occurs. In this experiment increase the concentration of leaves extract which has decreased the activity of this potent enzyme.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; This study also reveals that, the plant’s leaves extracts have inhibitory activity on this key enzyme viz. alpha amylase which is very crucial data for drug preparation and other research purposes.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">699</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ayan Kumar Naskar&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Souradut Ray&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Sanjukta Mondal Parui&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;,&amp;nbsp; Amal Kumar Mondal&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Plant Taxonomy, Biosystematics and Molecular Taxonomy laboratory, UGCDRS- SAP, DBT-BOOST-WB Supported Department, Department of Botany and Forestry, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore-721102, West Bengal, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Post Graduate Department of Zoology, Lady Brabourne College, Kolkata-700017, West Bengal, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vincent Antonio S. Ng</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Raymond S. Malabed</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fernando B. Aurigue</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Consolacion Y. Ragasa</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Triterpenes and Sterols from Leaves of Hoya meliflua Merr</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Apocynaceae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hoya meliflua</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lupenone</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lupenyl Cinnamate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lupeol</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oleanone</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Squalene</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stigmasterol</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ursenone</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">α-amyrin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">α-amyrin Cinnamate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">β-amyrin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">β-amyrin Cinnamate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">β-sitosterol</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">48-52</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Hoya plants are also called wax plants due to the waxy appearance of their leaves and flowers. Most species are cultivated as ornamental plants. In the Philippines, there are at least 109 species of Hoya; 88 of these are endemic to the country. One of the endemic species is &lt;em&gt;Hoya meliflua&lt;/em&gt; often confused with &lt;em&gt;H. diversifolia&lt;/em&gt;, which can also be found in other countries. This study is part of our research on the chemical constituents of Philippine native Hoyas.&lt;strong&gt; Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The compounds were isolated by silica gel chromatography and identified by NMR spectroscopy. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Chemical investigation of the dichloromethane extract from the leaves of&lt;em&gt; Hoya meliflua&lt;/em&gt; afforded squalene and mixtures of β-amyrin (1a), α-amyrin (1b) and lupeol (1c) in about 1:1:0.25 ratio; oleanone (2a), ursenone (2b) and lupenone (2c) in about 1:1:0.3 ratio; β-amyrin cinnamate (3a), α-amyrin cinnamate (3b) and lupenyl cinnamate (3c) in about 0.5:0.3:1 ratio; and β-sitosterol and stigmasterol in about 5:1 ratio. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The results of our study indicate that &lt;em&gt;Hoya meliflua&lt;/em&gt; shares similar chemical characteristics with other members of the genus Hoya. The triterpenes and sterols obtained from H. meliflua were also identified from other &lt;em&gt;Hoya&lt;/em&gt; species. It is interesting to note that although most Hoya plants have no known biological activity and medicinal property, the compounds isolated from H. meliflua possess diverse bioactivities.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">48</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vincent Antonio S. Ng&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Raymond S. Malabed&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Fernando B. Aurigue&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Consolacion Y. Ragasa&lt;sup&gt;1,4 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Chemistry Department, De La Salle University, 2401 Taft Avenue, Manila 1004, PHILIPPINES.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka 560-0043, JAPAN.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Agriculture Research Section, Atomic Research Division, Philippine Nuclear Research Institute-Department of Science and Technology, Commonwealth Avenue, Diliman, Quezon City 1101, PHILIPPINES.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Chemistry Department, De La Salle University Science and Technology Complex Leandro V. Locsin Campus, Biñan City, Laguna 4024, PHILIPPINES.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marian Nabil</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neveen S Ghaly</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Iman AA Kassem</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mary H Grace</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Farouk R Melek</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Two Triterpenoid Saponins with alpha-glucosidase Inhibitory Activity from Harpullia pendula Seed Extract</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Harpullia pendula</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sapindaceae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Triterpenoid saponins</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1386-1390</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Harpullia pendula &lt;/em&gt;Planch (family Sapindaceae) is a small to medium rainforest tree native to Australia. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aims to isolate triterpenoid saponins from &lt;em&gt;H. pendula &lt;/em&gt;and test them as α-glucosidase inhibitors. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The saponin compounds were obtained using variable chromatographic techniques and characterized by spectral analysis. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Two new triterpenoid saponins were obtained as an inseparable mixture from &lt;em&gt;H. pendula&lt;/em&gt; methanolic seed extract. Their structures were determined as 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-[α-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1→3)]-βD-glucuronopyranosyl22-OangeloylA1- barrigenol and 3-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→2)-[α-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1→3)]-β-Dglucuronopyranosyl 22-O-(2-methylbutyroyl)-A1 barrigenol, respectively. The triterpene part 22-O-(2-methyl butyroyl) A1-barrigenol has never been characterized before. The α- glucosidase inhibitory activity of the two saponin mixture was evaluated &lt;em&gt;invitro&lt;/em&gt; and proved to exhibit strong activity with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value equals to 13.3 ± 5.0 ppm and IC&lt;sub&gt;90 &lt;/sub&gt;value equals to 21.5 ± 8.0 ppm. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Two new saponins were characterized from their mixture and found to exhibit α-glucosidase inhibitory activity.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1386</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Marian Nabil, Neveen S. Ghaly, Iman A.A. Kassem, Mary H. Grace and Farouk R. Melek* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Chemistry of Natural Compounds Department, National Research Centre, Dokki,12622, Giza, EGYPT.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Haviah Hafidhotul Ilmiah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tri Rini Nuringtyas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laurentius Hartanto Nugroho</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Accumulation of Potential Photo-Protective Compound Groups in Mangrove (Sonneratia caseolaris (L.) Engler.) Leaves</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leaf anatomy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Photo-protective</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Secondary metabolite</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sonneratia caseolaris (L.) Engler</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SPF</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/527</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">576-580</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To analyze the accumulation of potential photo-protective compound groups, include phenol, flavonoid, and tannin in the leaf tissues of &lt;em&gt;Sonneratia caseolaris&lt;/em&gt; (L.) Engler. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The research used &lt;em&gt;Sonneratia caseolaris&lt;/em&gt; (L.) Engler leaves as materials. The total of compound groups and photo-protective ability level of each tissue was measured using spectrophotometry, while detection of compound group accumulations in the leaf tissue were observed using histochemical assay. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Epidermis extract contained the highest content of total phenolic compounds (phenol, flavonoid, and tannin), followed by those of mesophyll and whole leaf. Moreover, Sun Protection Factor (SPF) value of epidermis was also higher than those of mesophyll and whole leaf, considering that there were no significant difference of SPF value between mesophyll and whole leaf. Result of histochemical assay of &lt;em&gt;S. caseolaris&lt;/em&gt; fresh leaf sections showed that phenol, flavonoid, and tannin were highly accumulated in the epidermis and some parts of mesophyll. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Potential photo-protective compound groups of &lt;em&gt;S. caseolaris&lt;/em&gt; leaves were accumulated in epidermis and mesophyll. However, epidermis showed the highest level of potential photo-protective compound groups than those of other tissues. Photo-protective ability of epidermis also showed higher value than those of mesophyll.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">576</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Haviah Hafidhotul Ilmiah, Tri Rini Nuringtyas, Laurentius Hartanto Nugroho&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jalan Teknika Selatan, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta, 55281, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Haviah Hafidhotul Ilmiah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tri Rini Nuringtyas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laurentius Hartanto Nugroho</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Accumulation of Potential Photo-Protective Compound Groups in Mangrove (Sonneratia caseolaris (l.) Engler.) Leaves</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leaf anatomy.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Photo-protective</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Secondary metabolite</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sonneratia caseolaris (L.) Engler</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SPF</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">x</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">XX-XX</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To analyze the accumulation of potential photo-protective compound groups, include phenol, flavonoid, and tannin in the leaf tissues of &lt;em&gt;Sonneratia caseolaris&lt;/em&gt; (L.) Engler. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The research used &lt;em&gt;Sonneratia caseolaris&lt;/em&gt; (L.) Engler leaves as materials. The total of compound groups and photo-protective ability level of each tissue was measured using spectrophotometry, while detection of compound group accumulations in the leaf tissue were observed using histochemical assay. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Epidermis extract contained the highest content of total phenolic compounds (phenol, flavonoid, and tannin), followed by those of mesophyll and whole leaf. Moreover, Sun Protection Factor (SPF) value of epidermis was also higher than those of mesophyll and whole leaf, considering that there were no significant difference of SPF value between mesophyll and whole leaf. Result of histochemical assay of &lt;em&gt;S. caseolaris&lt;/em&gt; fresh leaf sections showed that phenol, flavonoid, and tannin were highly accumulated in the epidermis and some parts of mesophyll. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Potential photo-protective compound groups of &lt;em&gt;S. caseolaris&lt;/em&gt; leaves were accumulated in epidermis and mesophyll. However, epidermis showed the highest level of potential photo-protective compound groups than those of other tissues. Photo-protective ability of epidermis also showed higher value than those of mesophyll.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Sonneratia caseolaris&lt;/em&gt; (L.) Engler, Secondary metabolite, Photo-protective, SPF, Leaf anatomy.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">x</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">x</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Haviah Hafidhotul Ilmiah, Tri Rini Nuringtyas, Laurentius Hartanto Nugroho&lt;sup&gt;* &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jalan Teknika Selatan, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta, 55281, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amira Kamalrudin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Malina Jasamai</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mahanem Mat Noor</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ameliorative Effect of Moringa oleifera Fruit Extract on Reproductive Parameters in Diabetic-induced Male Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diabetes mellitus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fasting blood glucose level</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male reproductive</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moringa oleifera fruit</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sperm quality</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s54-s58</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Diabetes mellitus negatively impact the male reproductive parameters. The ability of &lt;em&gt;Moringa oleifera&lt;/em&gt; fruit to improve the reproductive parameters in diabetic-induced male has yet to be documented. Aim: To investigate the anti-hyperglycaemic potential of &lt;em&gt;M. oleifera&lt;/em&gt; fruit aqueous extract and its effect on reproductive parameters in diabetic-induced male rats. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; A total of 20 male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into four groups; normal control (without diabetic induction), negative control (diabetes without treatment), positive control (diabetes with metformin) and treatment group (diabetes with 500 mg/kg &lt;em&gt;M. oleifera&lt;/em&gt; fruit aqueous extract). Treatments were given&lt;em&gt; via&lt;/em&gt; oral gavage for 21 consecutive days. Analysis of fasting blood glucose level, sperm quality, testicular histology and relative testis weight were performed. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The administration of &lt;em&gt;M. oleifera&lt;/em&gt; fruit aqueous extract exhibited a significant reduction in fasting blood glucose level and a pronounced increase in sperm quality (sperm count, motility, viability and morphology) compared with the negative control group. &lt;em&gt;M. oleifera&lt;/em&gt; fruit extract restored the histology of the testes as they were seen to be packed with sperms and showed an organised spermatogenesis. The relative testis weight showed no significant difference between all groups. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The results obtained suggested that &lt;em&gt;M. oleifera&lt;/em&gt; fruit aqueous extract possessed an antihyperglycaemic property and improved the reproductive parameters in diabetic-induced rats&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s54</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Amira&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;strong&gt; Kamalrudin&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Malina Jasamai&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Mahanem Mat Noor&lt;sup&gt;1* &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt; 2&lt;/sup&gt;Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300, Kuala Lumpur, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Krishnaprasad Ganapati Koorse</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sujith Samraj</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Preethy John</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Priya Manakkulaparambil Narayanan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Devi SS</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Usha PTA</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Surya Sunilkumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gleeja VL</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anthelmintic Activity of Fruit Extract and Fractions of Piper longum L. In vitro</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adulticidal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GCMS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IC50</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Larvicidal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ovicidal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Piper longum.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/487</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">333-340</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;The present study was aimed to assess the &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; ovicidal, larvicidal and adulticidal activity of methanolic extract and its fractions from fruits of &lt;em&gt;Piper longum&lt;/em&gt; against strongyle ova, larvae and adult amphistomes respectively. The fruits of &lt;em&gt;P. longum&lt;/em&gt; was identified and the accession number 006 was obtained. The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, glycosides, phenolics, diterpenes and triterpenes in extract and fractions of &lt;em&gt;P. longum&lt;/em&gt;. The extract and fractions were diluted serially in 6.25 per cent tween 80 to obtain concentrations of 500, 250, 125, 62.5, 31.25, 15.63, 7.81, 3.91 and 1.95 mg/mL. Ivermectin and thiabendazole at 10 &amp;mu;g/mL acted as positive controls and 6.25 per cent tween 80 as negative control. The methanolic extract was highly active against ova with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of 0.026 mg/mL. The n-hexane fraction was potent in inducing larval mortality with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of 1.383 mg/mL while chloroform fraction inhibited larval migration with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of 1.796 mg/mL. Amphistomes were highly sensitive for methanolic extract of &lt;em&gt;P. longum&lt;/em&gt; which possessed IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of 5.493 mg/mL Based on IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values, the methanolic extract was found to be most potent while chloroform fraction was effective against ova, larvae and also adults. GCMS analysis of potent methanolic extract revealed the presence of piperidinone, hydrocinnamic acid, ethylhexahydro azepine, methyleugenol, hexadecanoic acid and caryophyllene oxide which may have contributed for the anthelmintic activity. The acute oral toxicity study revealed mild vascular changes in liver. From the present study, it can be concluded that chloroform fraction of &lt;em&gt;P. longum&lt;/em&gt; possessed maximum broad spectrum anthelmintic activity comparable to controls.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">333</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Krishnaprasad Ganapati Koorse&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;*, Sujith Samraj&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Preethy John&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Priya Manakkulaparambil Narayanan&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Devi SS&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Usha PTA&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Surya Sunilkumar&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Gleeja VL&lt;sup&gt;4 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, Thrissur, Kerala, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, Thrissur, Kerala, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;3Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, Thrissur, Kerala, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Statistics, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, Thrissur, Kerala, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ravikumar Shivakumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Krishna Venkatarangaiah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sudhesh Shastri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ravishankara Burladinni Nagaraja</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ajith Sheshagiri</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial Property and Molecular Docking Studies of Leaf Calli Phytochemicals of Bridelia scandens Wild.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ADMET</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bridelia scandens</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DNA Gyrase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular docking</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1221-1229</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Bridelia scandens&lt;/em&gt; Wild. (Euphorbiaceae) leaves are widely used to cure asthma, bronchitis pleurisy, exudation, sores in mouth and genital cancers. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To evaluate antibacterial activity of the leaf calli methanol extract (LCME). &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Mass production of leaf calli was established on MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L BAP and 0.5 mg/L 2, 4-D. Methanol extract of the dried calli was subjected to HR-LCMS analysis, antibacterial screening of the extract was carried out against human pathogenic clinical isolates. Molecular docking study of HR-LCMS identified compounds was performed by docking with bacterial enzyme DNA gyrase.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; HR-LCMS analysis of LCME shows that the compounds azaperone bifonazole, fusidic acid, lasalocid and quinine as the major constituents. The antibacterial screening of LCME against clinical pathogens showed significant bactericidal activity against the strains Staphylococcus aureus (17.67&amp;plusmn;0.88 mm.d.), &lt;em&gt;Streptococcus pneumonia&lt;/em&gt; (13.67&amp;plusmn;0.33), &lt;em&gt;Pseudomonas aeruginosa&lt;/em&gt; (16.33&amp;plusmn;0.67), &lt;em&gt;Salmonella typhi&lt;/em&gt; (17.67&amp;plusmn;0.33), and Vibrio cholera (15.33&amp;plusmn;0.33) as compared to the standard drug ciprofloxacin. The molecular docking of lasalocid against the bacterial enzyme DNA gyrase exhibited good binding affinity of -4.9 kcal/mol, good drug likeness (2.5589), 2 hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interaction with 7 amino acid residues, so that lasalocid processes good inhibitor as compared to other 4 compounds. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; LCME of &lt;em&gt;Bridelia scandens&lt;/em&gt; showed significant antibacterial activity against &lt;em&gt;Staphylococcus aureus&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Salmonella typhi&lt;/em&gt;. Lasalocid is the major phytocomponent of LCME which exhibited good inhibitory activity against bacterial enzyme DNA gyrase. This investigation supported traditional claim of LCME as potential antibacterial drug.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1221</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ravikumar Shivakumar, Krishna Venkatarangaiah, Sudhesh Shastri, Ravishankara Burladinni Nagaraja, Ajith Sheshagiri &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Department of PG Studies and Research in Biotechnology, Kuvempu University, Shankaraghatta, Shivamogga, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Melakhessou Mohamed Akram</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Benkiki Naima</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marref Salah Eddine</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bouzidi Soumia</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-Inflammatory, Anti-pyretic and Acute Toxicity Effects of n-Butanol Extract of Atractylis flava Desf in Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Atractylis flava desf</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brewer’s yeast</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Egg albumin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inflammation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pyrexia</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/666</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">763-767</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objectives:&lt;/strong&gt; This study was aimed to explore the antipyretic and anti-inflammatory effects of &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt;-butanol etract of &lt;em&gt;Atractylis flava &lt;/em&gt;Desf &lt;em&gt;(A. Flava)&lt;/em&gt; using experimentally induced inflammation and pyrexia models in rats. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; In the acute toxicity study, a single oral dose of 2000 mg/kg of&lt;em&gt; n&lt;/em&gt;-butanol extract was given to rats. The antipyretic activity was evaluated using brewer&amp;rsquo;s yeast induced pyrexia in rats. In addition, albumin induced rat paw edema was performed by the injection of 100 &amp;mu;L undiluted fresh egg albumin to assess the anti-inflammatory effects of the plant. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The results of the present study revealed that&lt;em&gt; n&lt;/em&gt;-butanol extract of &lt;em&gt;A. Flava&lt;/em&gt; significantly (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.001) reduced fresh egg albumin-induced rat paw edema and also inhibited fever significantly in brewer&amp;rsquo;s yeast induced pyrexia. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The results of the present study indicated that &lt;em&gt;A. flava&lt;/em&gt; possesses antipyretic and anti-inflammatory activity in the models studied.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">763</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Melakhessou Mohamed Akram*, Benkiki Naima, Marref Salah Eddine, Bouzidi Soumia &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Laboratoire de Biotechnologie des Mol&amp;eacute;cules Bioactives et de la Physiopathologie Cellulaire. Universit&amp;eacute; de Batna-2, 05000, ALGERIE.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mansauda Karlah Lifie Riani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effionora Anwar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tati Nurhayati</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant and Anti-Collagenase Activity of Sargassum Plagyophyllum Extract as an Anti-Wrinkle Cosmetic Ingredient</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-collagenase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-wrinkle</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sargassum plagyophyllum</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">932-936</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Sea algae are widely used as food and cosmetics in the world. There are several algae including brown algae which are us for human used to maintain health and skin care. Brown algae have various potential biological activities because contain substantial phytochemical constituent. Numerous report has identified phytochemical compound of Sargassum sp. extract but the activity as anti-collagenase almost none. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To study the antioxidant, and anti-collagenase activity of &lt;em&gt;Sargassum plagyophyllum&lt;/em&gt; extract as active pharmaceutical ingredient for anti-wrinkle cosmetics. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Sargassum plagyophyllum&lt;/em&gt; obtained from Pasauran Beach, Banten, West Java, Indonesia. The extract &lt;em&gt;Sargassum&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;plagyophyllum&lt;/em&gt; extracted with three concentration ethanol-water: (E1) ethanol 25%, (E2) ethanol 50% and (E3) ethanol 75%, by using maceration extraction method for 24 h, thrice. The extract was evaluated include total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, and the best extract was tested for the anti-collagenase activity.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Total phenol in the extract were 0.588 &amp;plusmn; 0.01 (E1), 0.272 &amp;plusmn; 0.01 (E2), and 0.220&amp;plusmn; 0.03 (E3) mg PGE/ 100 g extract, respectively. Antioxidant activity of the extract (50 mg/mL) was 41,61&amp;plusmn;0,02% (E1), 39,16&amp;plusmn;0,01% (E2), 37,58&amp;plusmn;0,03% (E3) and ascorbic acid 78.03&amp;plusmn;0,65 % (22.44 &amp;mu;g/mL) as a standard. The best extract (E1) had inhibited the activity of collagenase by 54.46 &amp;plusmn; 0.37%.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The brown seaweed (&lt;em&gt;Sargassum plagyophyllum&lt;/em&gt;) extract can be used as an active pharmaceutical ingredient for anti-wrinkles cosmetic&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">932</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mansauda, Karlah Lifie Riani, Effionora Anwar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;*, Nurhayati, Tati&lt;sup&gt;3 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Master Student at Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Indonesia, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Professor at Faculty of Pharmacy, Doctor of Food Chemistry, University of Indonesia, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Professor at Department of Aquatic Products Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yayu Mulsiani Evary</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amir Muhammad Nur</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant and Antidiabetes Capacity of Hexane, Ethylacetate and Ethanol Extracts of Durio zibethinus Murr. Root</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Durio Zibethinus Murr.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Extracts</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">roots</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">α-glucosidase inhibitor</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">937-940</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Active natural products from medicinal plants are good sources for the antioxidant and antidiabetic agent. Natural antioxidants protect human health against oxidative stress and free radicals which cause degenerative disease such as diabetes.&lt;strong&gt; Objectives:&lt;/strong&gt; This study was conduct to try one approach to treat diabetes that is to reduce gastrointestinal glucose absorption through the inhibition of the &amp;alpha;-glucosidase enzyme. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; We make three different root extracts from &lt;em&gt;Durio zibethinus&lt;/em&gt; Murr. The extracts were examined for their DPPH radical scavenging activity, antioxidant activity using &amp;beta;-carotene-linoleic acid assay, and their &amp;alpha;-glucosidase inhibitory activity by a standard method. Additionally, we have also determined their total polyphenols and total flavonoids quantitatively using spectrophotometer UV-Vis. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The root extracts&lt;em&gt; Durio zibethinus&lt;/em&gt; Murr. were effectively scavenged DPPH radicals in varied rate. The hexane (EHD), ethyl acetate (EEAD), and ethanol (EED) extracts revealed DPPH radical scavenging activity with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of 541.28, 83.95 and 11.24 &amp;mu;g/ml respectively and their &amp;beta;-carotene-linoleic acid assay showed activity with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of 273.58, 139.53, and 166.83 &amp;mu;g/ml, respectively. &lt;em&gt;In vitro&lt;/em&gt; assay of the &amp;alpha;-glucosidase inhibitory activity of the EHD, EEAD, and EED extracts showed an IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of 119.84, 23.69, and 3.35 &amp;mu;g/ml, respectively. &lt;strong&gt;Conclution:&lt;/strong&gt; In this present study, we found that ethanol extract revealed the most active antioxidant activity and the highest inhibitory activity against &amp;alpha;-glucosidase enzyme. The total phenolics and total flavonoids contents of the extracts were studied, where the ethanol extracts were found to have the highest than that of other extracts. This study proofs the medicinal potencies of &lt;em&gt;Durio zibethinus&lt;/em&gt; Murr. root extracts.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">937</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yayu Mulsiani Evary&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;*, Amir Muhammad Nur&lt;sup&gt;2 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rekha Durgadas Kini</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nayanatara Arun Kumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anupama Noojibail</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bhagyalakhshmi K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sneha Shetty Bhoja</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pratik Kumar Chatterjee</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant Role of Beta Carotene: Protection against Cadmium Induced Testicular Toxicity</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lipid peroxidation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oxidative stress</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Superoxide demutase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Testis</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s66-s70</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Cadmium (Cd) is an industrial pollutant that affects the male reproductive system. The purpose of present study was to investigate the protective role of Beta carotene on cadmium induced testicular damage. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study was conducted following approval from Institutional Bioethical Committee and strict internationally accepted guidelines, for the usage of animals in experimental study were. Rats were divided into four groups with 8 rats in each.The Gr. I rats were administered with the single dose of normal saline intraperitoneally. Group II received Beta carotene (10 mg/kg bw) orally for 30 days. Group III received a single dose of 1 mg/kg bw cadmium chloride and Group IV received Beta carotene for 30 days prior to cadmium administration. After the desired protocol, rats were sacrificed and both the testes were removed for biochemical and histopathological evaluation. One testis was fixed in Bouvins fluid and processed or histopathological studies. The levels of lipid peroxides (LPO) and glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were detected in the tissue homogenates of other testis. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; In the present study, the level of lipid peroxidation (LPO) was significantly high and GSH and SOD (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.001) were low in cadmium treated rats compared to normal control. Pre-treatment with beta carotene showed a protective effect by decreasing LPO and increasing GS Hand SOD level (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.001). The morphological changes like atrophy of tubules, edema and decreased spermatogenesis in the testis of rats exposed to cadmium chloride. But, antioxidant showed the normal architecture of the testis. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Results of the present study showed the antioxidative role of beta carotene in protecting the testis from cadmium induced toxicity.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s66</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rekha Durgadas Kini&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;, Nayanatara Arun Kumar, Anupama Noojibail, Bhagyalakhshmi K, Sneha Shetty Bhoja, Pratik Kumar Chatterjee &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Physiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Mangalore, INDIA&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Devi Indriani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berna Elya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arikadia Noviani</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arginase Inhibitory Activity and Total Flavonoid Content on Caesalpinia ferrea C. Mart Stem Bark Extracts</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arginase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caesalpinia ferrea C. Mart</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoids</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1180-1183</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Flavonoids, polyphenolic compounds that are ubiquitous in nature, have been known for their pharmacological as antifungal, diuretic, antihistamin, antihypertension, insecticide, bactericide, antiviral, antioxidant, and enzim inhibitor. Flavanones found in all parts &lt;em&gt;Scutellaria indica&lt;/em&gt;, has the ability to inhibit arginase, flavanols found in the seeds of &lt;em&gt;Theobroma cacao&lt;/em&gt; L. Previous study showed that &lt;em&gt;Caesalpinia ferrea&lt;/em&gt; C. Mart stem bark contains flavonoid compound.&lt;strong&gt; Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The objective of this study to analyze arginase inhibitory activity and to determine the total flavonoid content of &lt;em&gt;Caesalpinia ferrea&lt;/em&gt; C. Mart stem bark by using AlCl&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; colorimetric method. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Dried Caesalpinia&lt;/em&gt; ferrea stem barks were refluxed with three different solvent with gradual gradient polarity i.en-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol. Each extract was tested to determine arginase inhibitory activity. Total flavonoid content was determined on extract showed the highest arginase inhibitory activity. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Methanolic extract showed arginase inhibitory activity of 12.81% and flavonoid content was 2 mgQE/g. Phytochemical screening on &lt;em&gt;Caesalpinia ferrea&lt;/em&gt; stem bark ethyl acetate extract showed that it contains flavonoids, tannins, saponins, steroids, and terpenoids, meanwhile &lt;em&gt;Caesalpinia ferrea&lt;/em&gt; stem bark methanolic extract contains flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and steroids. Conclusion: &lt;em&gt;Caesalpinia ferrea&lt;/em&gt; C. Mart stem bark extracts were not potential to inhibit arginase.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1180</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Devi Indriani, Berna Elya*, Arikadia Noviani &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy- Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424 West Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arini Wulansari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berna Elya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arikadia Noviani</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arginase Inhibitory and Antioxidant Activities of Caesalpinia coriaria (Jacq.) Willd. Bark Extract</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arginase inhibitory activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">C. coriaria</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemicalscreening</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">total flavonoid content</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1174-1179</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The aim of this study was to investigate the arginase inhibitory and the antioxidant activities of the bark extract of &lt;em&gt;Caesalpinia coriaria&lt;/em&gt; (Jacq.) Willd. (Dewi tree). &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The bark of Dewi tree was extracted successively under reflux condition with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol. Each extract was tested for its activity in inhibiting arginase activity by measuring the quantity of urea produced in the reaction mixture using a microplate reader. The active extracts were determined for their total flavonoid content followed by antioxidant activity by 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method using ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry with ascorbic acid as standard. Phytochemical screening was conducted to determine the presence of alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, tannins, and steroids. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Arginase inhibitory activity test showed that the ethyl acetate and methanol extracts have average inhibition values of 14.43 and 33.59%, respectively, at concentration of 100 &amp;mu;g/mL. The total flavonoid content of the methanol and ethyl acetate extract were 7.75 and 6.30 mgQE/g sample, respectively. The methanol and ethyl acetate extracts showed antioxidant activity with an IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values of 4.720 and 3.647 &amp;mu;g/mL, respectively. The ethyl acetate extract contained flavonoid, tannin, saponin, and steroid, while the methanol extract contained flavonoid, tannin, and saponin. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; In conclusion, &lt;em&gt;C. coriaria&lt;/em&gt; bark extracts possessed low arginase inhibitory activity. The methanol and ethyl acetate extracts have good antioxidant activity.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1174</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Arini Wulansari, Berna Elya*, Arikadia Noviani &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy- Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424 West Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sarah Zielda Najib</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wilzar Fachri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rani Sauriasari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berna Elya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Raymond Tjandrawinata</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cholesterol-lowering Effects of Extract from Garcinia daedalanthera in Hyperlipidemic rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-cholesterol</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Garcinia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Herbal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In vivo</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pre-clinical study</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rat</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1125-1128</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; A native plant from Indonesia, &lt;em&gt;Garcinia daedalanthera&lt;/em&gt; has been scientifically proven have antidiabetic effects and antioxidant activity. We hypothesized that &lt;em&gt;Garcinia daedalanthera&lt;/em&gt; can modulate the lipid profiles of hyperlipidemic rats. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; This study aimed to evaluate the antihyperlipidemic potential of &lt;em&gt;Garcinia daedalanthera&lt;/em&gt; extract. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Garcinia daedalanthera&lt;/em&gt; leaves extract (GDE) were orally administrated to high fat diet-induced rats for 15 days. After the end of experimental period (43 days) the lipid profiles were estimated along with histopathological liver examination of animals. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The results showed that &lt;em&gt;Garcinia daedalanthera&lt;/em&gt; extract significantly reduced the level of serum total cholesterol, total triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein as compared to control group with an increasing level of serum high-density lipoprotein. Furthermore, the extract has a favorable effect on histopathological study. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; This study proved antilipidemic property by lowering altered levels of lipid profile in male wistar rats and suggest lipid lowering effects of &lt;em&gt;Garcinia daedalanthera&lt;/em&gt; extract which serves as a new potential natural product for preventing hyperlipidemia.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1125</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sarah Zielda Najib&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;,&amp;nbsp;Wilzar Fachri&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;,&amp;nbsp;Rani Sauriasari&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;*,&amp;nbsp;Berna Elya&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Raymond Tjandrawinata&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Indonesia, Depok, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Salemba, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Dexa Laboratories of Biomolecular Sciences, Cikarang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Serebryanaya Fatima Kazbekovna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Orlov Aleksei Nikolaevich</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Konovalov Dmitryi Alexeevich</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Naida Mahmudovna Nasuhova</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Comparative Morphological and Anatomical Research of Leaves 6 Sorts of Laurels Noble (Laurus Nobilis L.), Growing in the Conditions of an Introduction in the Nikitsky Botanical Garden</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anatomical topographical schemes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Comparative micromorphological study</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cross-section of leaf and petiole</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laurus Nobilis</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/415</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">172-178</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;This research is a fragment of complex studying of grades of laurels of the noble, growing in the territory of botanical gardens of Pyatigorsk medical and pharmaceutical institute and the Nikitsky botanical garden which is carried out based on department of botany and a pharmacognosy of the Pyatigorsk medical and pharmaceutical institute. &lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Research objective is to conduct a comparative morphological and anatomical research of leaves of 6 sorts of Laurus nobilis. &lt;strong&gt;Material and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The exemplars of leaves of 6 grades of laurels noble, growing in the territory of the Nikitsky botanical garden (the settlement of Nikita, Crimea republic). When carrying out comparative morphometric, micromorphological, histochemical methods. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The comparative morphometric research of a leaf plate is conducted, at the same time the form of a leaf plate, character of a top, basis and margined of a leaf plate were estimated. In the analysis of features of a micromorphological structure carried out the analysis of an anatomic structure of scapes of leaves and a structure of a transversal cut of a sheet plate, a top and bottom epidermal of a sheet plate. The form of the cross- section of the petiole is horseshoe-shaped, dredging is absent or falciform with the expressed dredging, rounded triangular form, dredging is absent. The presence or absence of coverage trichomes, the presence only at the top party of a scape and it is presented by individual monocelled lengthiest hairs, is presented by a small amount of individual, monocelled small hairs on the top party of a petiole it is presented by individual monocelled small hairs. Existence and arrangement of a resin ducts are presented in big quantity, especially there is a lot of around a phloem part of a vascular bundle or the ducts are presented in a great many, there is a lot of them, both around a phloem part of a vascular bundle, and under epidermis. Existence and arrangement of a sclerenchyme &amp;ndash;around the vascular bundle from two parties or it is presented by groups of fibers around the vascular bundle or absent. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; As for an anatomic structure of an epidermis of a leaf plate, differences in a histological structure of an epidermis of the studied grades of laurels noble it is not revealed. The following signs are characteristic of all studied exemplars: leaf plate of hypostomatic type. Stomates are present only at the lower part of an epidermis. The stomatal type is anomocytic. Epidermal cages of the lower epidermis have the extended form with sinuous anticlinal walls. Anticlinal walls of the main cages of the top epidermis have the reference uniform thickenings In the analysis of features of a micromorphological structure carried out the analysis of an anatomic structure of scapes of leaves and a structure of a transversal cut of a sheet plate, a top and bottom epidermal of a sheet plate.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">172</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Serebryanaya Fatima Ka-zbekovna&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Orlov Aleksei Nikolaevich&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Konovalov Dmitryi Alexeevich&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Naida Mahmudovna Nasuhova&lt;sup&gt;1 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute, a branch of Volgograd State Medical University Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Pyatigorsk, 357532, Kalinina av.11, RUSSIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Ecological and botanical station Pyatigorsk of Botanical institute of Russian Academy of sciences, 197376, Saint-Petersburg, Prof. Popova av. 2, RUSSIA.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ghazi Faisal Najmuldeen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kamalanathan  Narayanan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deeveeya A/P Kirubananthan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ghasak Ghazi Faisal</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Comparison of Tongkat Ali Root Chemical Composition Extracted by Soxhlet, Conventional Steam and Microwave Assisted Extraction Techniques</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Conventional Steam Extraction (CSE)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Essential oil</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eurycoma longifolia Jack</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Microwave assisted extraction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soxhlet Extraction</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">916-920</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Eurycoma longifolia Jack (Tongkat Ali) roots are used in traditional medicines for its wide range of biological effects. The process of extracting out this essential oil from the plant requires a delicate and efficient method. In this research the extract of the essential oil of &lt;em&gt;Eurycoma longifolia&amp;rsquo;s&lt;/em&gt; root using Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE), Soxhlet Extraction and Conventional Steam Extraction (CSE) methods, is characterized to identify the components of essential oil extracted and then to compare the yield percentage and components of the extracts from both methods. The extract obtained was characterized using gas chromatography mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) by comparing the compositions of components present in commercial Tongkat Ali oil stored in the GC-MS library. The findings showed that the MAE gives a maximum yield percentage of 5% with six chemical components extracted in 20 min while SE and CSE gives high yield percentage of 28.3% in 3 h and 2.5 % in 6 h respectively with only three chemical components extracted. Therefore, MAE is the optimum method for extracting essential oil from Tongkat Ali with a high quality.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">916</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ghazi Faisal Najmuldeen&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Kamalanathan  Narayanan&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Deeveeya A/P Kirubananthan&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ghasak Ghazi Faisal&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Chemical and Natural Resources Engineering, University Malaysia Pahang, 26300 Gambang, Pahang, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt; 2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Fundamental Dental and Medical Sciences, Kulliyya of Dentistry, International Islamic University, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rinto Muhammad Nur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laurentius Hartanto Nugroho</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytotoxic Activities of Fractions from Dioscorea bulbifera L. Chloroform and Methanol Extracts on T47D Breast Cancer Cells</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytotoxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">D. bulbifera</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MTT Assay</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Secondary metabolites</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">T47D</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/362</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">33-38</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To elucidate cytotoxic activity of fractions from chloroform and methanol extracts of &lt;em&gt;D. bulbifera &lt;/em&gt;organs on T47D breast cancer cells. &lt;strong&gt;Method:&lt;/strong&gt; The vegetative organs of &lt;em&gt;D. bulbifera&lt;/em&gt; were extracted gradually using chloroform and methanol. Cytotoxicity tested on T47D cells using MTT Assay. The most toxic extract was fractioned by vacuum liquid chromatography (VLC) followed by thin layer chromatography (TLC). The extract and fractions potential were tested on the Vero cells using the same method as cancer cells. The most toxic fraction was analyzed using TLC followed by the application of various spray reagents for the identification of active compound. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The chloroform extract of the &lt;em&gt;D. bulbifera &lt;/em&gt;leaves was the highest cytotoxic on T47D cells (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; 115.63&amp;plusmn;86.01 &amp;mu;g/mL). Moreover, the cytotoxicity test on the combined fractions of leaves chloroform extract showed that fraction 5 (F5) and fraction 6 (F6) were the most toxic fractions compared to those of other fractions. The IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of both fractions were 14.55&amp;plusmn;8.62 and 7.12&amp;plusmn;4.43 &amp;mu;g/mL respectively. However, Its were very weak compared to those of cancer medicine (Doxorubicin) with the IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; was 0.04&amp;plusmn;0.02 &amp;mu;g/mL. Potential fractions were not toxic against Vero cells with IS&amp;gt;10. The active compounds in those fractions were alkaloid and terpenoid. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Chloroform extract of the &lt;em&gt;D. bulbifera&lt;/em&gt; leaves had the highest cytotoxic effect on T47D cells. Potential fractions were not toxic against Vero cells. The active compounds in those fractions were alkaloid and terpenoid.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">33</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rinto Muhammad Nur&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Laurentius Hartanto Nugroho&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universitas Pasifik Morotai, Jln. Siswa Darame, Kec. Morotae Selatan, Kab. Morotae, Maluku Utara, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jln. Teknika Selatan, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marni Karo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mochammad Hatta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WaOde Salma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ilhamjaya Patellongi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rosdiana Natzir</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effects of Miana (Coleus scutellariodes (L) Benth) to Expression of mRNA IL-37 in Balb/c Mice Infected Candida albicans</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CFU</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Interleukin-37 mRNA</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Miana</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Realtime PCR</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vulvovaginal Candidiasis</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/358</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16-19</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Miana (&lt;em&gt;Coleus scutellariodes&lt;/em&gt; (L) Benth) are a herbal medicine with potential anti-inflammatory properties in patients infected with vulvovaginal candidiasis. The objective of this work was to the analyze IL-37 expression following administration of miana leaf extract (MLE) in an animal model of vulvovaginal candidiasis. &lt;strong&gt;Material and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Adult Balb/c mice, aged 8&amp;ndash;12 weeks and weighing 30&amp;ndash;40 g, were divided into five groups. Four groups were administered &lt;em&gt;Candida albicans&lt;/em&gt; via intravaginal inoculation with a diluted dose of 10&lt;sup&gt;-2&lt;/sup&gt;/ ml and were treated with either MLE, a placebo, or ketoconazole; one group constituted the healthy control and was only treated with MLE. Real-time PCR was used to measure the expression of IL-37. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; These findings indicated that a component within MLE may mediate its anti-inflammatory characteristics, as indicated by the increase in mRNA IL-37 expression in mice inoculated with &lt;em&gt;C. albicans&lt;/em&gt;. The highest increase in fungal load to 101.6 CFU was observed in the placebo group at day 14. Whereas for the mice treated with MLE at 750 mg/kg b.w, the fungal load only increased to 30.0 CFU, similar to that of mice treated with ketoconazole (29.6 CFU). In the mice treated with MLE at 500 mg/kg b.w, the fungal load increased to 68.2 CFU. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;Fungiostatic effect of MLE 750 mg/kg BB is not less than ketoconazole and MLE may act as anti-inflammatory throught its role as an antioxidant so it could potentially be used as an alternative treatment in humans especially patients with vulvovaginal candidiasis.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Marni Karo&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Mochammad Hatta&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;*, WaOde Salma&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Ilhamjaya Patellongi&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Rosdiana Natzir&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Midwifey Program of Medistra Health Higher School, Jakarta. Indonesia andSchool of Post Graduate Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Molecular Biology and Immunology Laboratory for Infection Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt; 3&lt;/sup&gt;Department Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Halu Oleo University, Kendari, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biostatistic, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vyshnavi, Gayathri Rao</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shyamala Nayak</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Beena Shetty</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evaluation of Modulatory Effect of Combination of Spondias Pinnata and Whey Preparation on Intestinal Antioxidants and Inflammatory Markers in Etoposide Induced Rat Model for Mucositis</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Etoposide</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lipid peroxidation (LPO)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mucositis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Myeloperoxidase (MPO)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nitric Oxide (NO)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spondias pinnata</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Whey preparation</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/643</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">640-644</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Etoposide is an important chemotherapeutic agent that is used to treat a wide spectrum of human cancers. The efficacy of this drug is often limited due to severe sideeffects such as mucositis, anorexia, myelosupperssion, alopecia. At present there are no anti-mucositic agents without side effects. To combat these side effects of cancer treatment, innovative and specific nutritional interventions are needed. The experimental procedure included an oral treatment with combination of &lt;em&gt;Spondias pinnata&lt;/em&gt; and whey preparation (100 mg/kg b.w).on etoposide induced mucositis. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Study was conducted at Central Research Laboratory, Kasturba Medical College. Rats were sacrificed by cervical dislocation and duodenum collected for estimation of biochemical parameters. Estimation was carried out for assessing the levels of TAO, GSH, LPO, NO and activity of MPO. Correlation analysis was performed by one-way Anova using graph pad prism to find the relation between control and test. Result: The antioxidant (TAO and GSH) were found to be significantly high in the rats which received the combination compared to the individual &lt;em&gt;Spondias pinnata&lt;/em&gt; and whey treated groups. Administration &lt;em&gt;Spondias pinnata&lt;/em&gt; and whey in combination shows significant decrease in the TBARS, NO and MPO levels. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Spondias pinnata&lt;/em&gt; and whey preparation supplementation in combination have shown mucoprotective effects in rat model. Hence it can be considered as anti-mucositis therapeutic agents which can be safely administered during chemotherapy and can reverse mucositis.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">640</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vyshnavi, Gayathri Rao*, Shyamala Nayak, Beena Shetty &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Biochemistry, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangaluru, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sachin Annasaheb Nitave</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nilesh B. Chougule</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kailasam Koumaravelou</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Formulation and Evaluation of Solid Dispersion Tablet of Andrographis paniculata Extract</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andrographis paniculata</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ethanolic extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PEG 6000</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Solid dispersion</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soluplus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Solvent evaporation technique</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1047-1054</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To enhance solubility of ethanolic extract of &lt;em&gt;Andrographis paniculata&lt;/em&gt; by solid dispersion technique and to perform formulation and evaluation of solid dispersion tablet. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Solid dispersion of &lt;em&gt;Andrographis paniculata&lt;/em&gt; extract has been prepared by solvent evaporation technique using soluplus and PEG 6000. Prepared solid dispersions have been evaluated for various micromeritic properties. The tablets of solid dispersion were prepared by direct compression technique and were evaluated for various physical tests and&lt;em&gt; in-vitro&lt;/em&gt; dissolution study. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The study showed that prepared solid dispersion has good flow property and compressibility. The solubility of extract was found to be more from solid dispersion prepared by using soluplus than that of prepared by using PEG 6000. The rate of drug release was found to be higher in acidic buffer at pH 1.2 as compared to that of in phosphate buffer at pH 6.8. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The study concludes that the solid dispersion tablet of ethanolic extract of &lt;em&gt;Andrographis paniculata&lt;/em&gt; can be effectively prepared using soluplus by solvent evaporation techniqu&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1047</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sachin Annasaheb Nitave&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;*, Nilesh B. Chougule&lt;sup&gt;1,3&lt;/sup&gt;, Kailasam Koumaravelou&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Research Scholar, Centre for Research and Development, PRIST University, Vallam, Thanjavur, 613 403, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Principal, Dr. J. J. Magdum Trust&amp;rsquo;s Anil alias Pintu Magdum Memorial Pharmacy College Dharangutti, 416101, Shirol, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Principal, Annasaheb Dange College of Pharmacy, Ashta, Sangli, Maharashtra, INDIA. 4Director, PRIST University, Puducherry Campus, 605007, Puducherry, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shwetha Manchanabele Shankar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sinija Vadakkepulppara Ramachandran Nair</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Manoharan Duragdevi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Binod Kumar Yadav</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shanmugasundaram Saravanan</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Functional and Morphological Studies of Organic and Inorganic Tomatoes</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FT-IR</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inorganic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Organic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SEM</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tomatoes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">UV treatment</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/657</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">715-719</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim:&lt;/strong&gt; To study the functional and morphological characteristics of organic and inorganic tomatoes. &lt;strong&gt;Methodology:&lt;/strong&gt; UV treated, and untreated organic and inorganic tomato powdered samples were assessed using an analytical technique FT-IR and SEM. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; FT-IR spectra of organic control samples showed peaks at (3290.12, 2924.72 and 1611.61 cm&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;) while, organic treated samples revealed some peaks at (3287.11, 2925.66 and 1612.91 cm&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;), inorganic control tomatoes confirmed the peaks at (3289.47, 2925.76 and 1619.26 cm&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;) and in inorganic treated tomatoes peaks was at (3289.42, 2925.34 and 1619.31 cm&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;) respectively, on confirming the presence of O-H, C-H, C=C, C=O and C-OH functional groups. However, results confirmed slight changes in functional groups of organic and inorganic samples and UV treatment helps in decreasing the effect of fluoride, chloride and other synthetic chemicals level by disinfecting the samples. SEM micrographs showed non-significant changes with minimal effect of UV in all samples. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The outcome of the study helps in effective understanding of functional and microstructural differences between organic and inorganic tomatoes.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">715</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Shwetha Manchanabele Shankar, Sinija Vadakkepulppara Ramachandran Nair*, Manoharan Duragdevi, Binod Kumar Yadav and Shanmugasundaram Saravanan &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Indian Institute of Food Processing Technology, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sivakami Sundari Ponnusamy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shanaz Banu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Murugan Vedigounder</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dhanashree Narayanswamy</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GC MS/MS analysis of Bioactive Compounds in Alcoholic Seed Extract of Gauzuma ulmifolia Lam</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alcoholic extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">D-Asarinin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gauzuma ulmifolia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GC MS/MS analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vitamin E.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/419</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">194-197</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Gauzuma ulmifolia&lt;/em&gt; Lam. (GU) belonging to the family &lt;em&gt;Malvaceae&lt;/em&gt;, commonly called Bastard Cedar is native to tropical American countries. It was introduced into India more than 100 years ago. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; In the present study, alcoholic seed extract of &lt;em&gt;Gauzuma ulmifolia&lt;/em&gt; Lam. was subjected to GC MS/MS analysis and chemical compounds were characterized. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Totally sixteen compounds were characterized. Chemical analysis of the extract showed that it includes bioactive compounds like D-Asarinin (65.02 %), 2,6-Bis (3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-3,7-dioxabicyclo (3.3.0) octane (20.12 %), 1-Dodecanone, 2-(imidazol- 1-yl)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl) (7.54 %) and o-Anisic acid, tridec-2-ynyl ester (3.33 %) as major constituents. Minor components such as Vitamin E, &amp;gamma; &amp;ndash; Tocopherol, Ergost-5-en-3-ol, (3&amp;beta;), Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester is also present. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Based on the above results, the seeds of this plant could posse&amp;rsquo;s oxygen (92.27 %), hydrocarbon (0.19 %) and nitrogen (7.54 %) derivatives of volatile principle. This is the first-time report on the composition of seed of GU.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">194</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;P Sivakami Sundari*, Shanaz Banu, V Murugan, N Dhanashree &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Dayananda Sagar College of Pharmacy, Bangalore, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ashwani Kumar Bhardwaj</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Avilekh Naryal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pushpender Bhardwaj</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ashish Rambhau Warghat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Balpreet Arora</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shikha Dhiman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shweta Saxena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pratap Kumar Pati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Om Prakash Chaurasia</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">High Efficiency in vitro Plant Regeneration and Secondary Metabolite Quantification from Leaf Explants of Rhodiola imbricata</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acclimatization</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cinnamyl alcohol</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Endangered</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant growth regulator</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Regeneration system</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/510</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">470-475</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Rhodiola imbricata&lt;/em&gt; is an endangered medicinal plant of the trans-Himalayan Leh-Ladakh region belonging to the family Crassulaceae. An efficient propagation and regeneration system via direct shoot organogenesis from leaf explant and evaluation of cinnamyl alcohol (Secondary metabolite) was established in this study. &lt;strong&gt;Material and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;In vitro&lt;/em&gt; grown leaves were inoculated using Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with (alpha)- naphtalene acetic acid (NAA) in combination with 6- benzyladenine (BAP) for callus proliferation and regeneration. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The highest percentage of rhizogenous callus was induced in medium containing NAA (10.0-15.0 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;M). The highest percentage of shoot formation from leaf derived callus was obtained in the medium containing of NAA (5.0 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;M) and BAP (2.5 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;M) as well as in NAA (1.0 &amp;mu;M), BAP (5.0 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;M) (38.88% and 37.49%) respectively. Rooting of regenerated shoots were effective when a lower concentration of NAA (0.5 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;M) was used alone. A maximum number of roots (22.0) and higher length (0.6 cm) was observed. The &lt;em&gt;in-vitro&lt;/em&gt; plantlets with well-developed shoots and roots were acclimatized successfully to natural field conditions with a survival rate of over 80%. Cinnamyl alcohol (Secondary metabolite) evaluation was also done for the very first time and an upregulation of 49.6% and 30.6% were observed in in-vitro roots and shoots when compared with mother root and shoot respectively. Hence, it was proved that the content of secondary metabolites obtained from &lt;em&gt;in-vitro&lt;/em&gt; raised plants is higher than mother plant. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; These results may lay a foundation for genetic improvement and can be used to determine sequential level of targeted secondary metabolites through cell culture in &lt;em&gt;Rhodiola imbricata&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">470</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ashwani Kumar Bhardwaj&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Avilekh Naryal&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Pushpender Bhardwaj&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ashish Rambhau Warghat&lt;sup&gt;1,3&lt;/sup&gt;, Balpreet Arora&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Shikha Dhiman&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Shweta Saxena&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Pratap Kumar Pati&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Om Prakash Chaurasia&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biotechnology, Defence Institute of High Altitude Research, Defence Research and Development Organization, Leh-194101, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nank Dev University, Amritsar-143040, Punjab, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Palampur-176061, Himachal Pradesh, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ashwani Kumar Bhardwaj</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Avilekh Naryal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pushpender Bhardwaj</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ashish Rambhau Warghat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Balpreet Arora</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shikha Dhiman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shweta Saxena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pratap Kumar Pati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Om Prakash Chaurasia</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">High Efficiency in vitro Plant Regeneration and Secondary Metabolite Quantification from Leaf Explants of Rhodiola imbricata</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acclimatization</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cinnamyl alcohol.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Endangered</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant growth regulator</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Regeneration system</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">x</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">x</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Rhodiola imbricata&lt;/em&gt; is an endangered medicinal plant of the trans-Himalayan Leh-Ladakh region belonging to the family Crassulaceae. An efficient propagation and regeneration system via direct shoot organogenesis from leaf explant and evaluation of cinnamyl alcohol (Secondary metabolite) was established in this study. &lt;strong&gt;Material and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;In vitro&lt;/em&gt; grown leaves were inoculated using Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with (alpha)- naphtalene acetic acid (NAA) in combination with 6- benzyladenine (BAP) for callus proliferation and regeneration. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The highest percentage of rhizogenous callus was induced in medium containing NAA (10.0-15.0 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;M). The highest percentage of shoot formation from leaf derived callus was obtained in the medium containing of NAA (5.0 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;M) and BAP (2.5 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;M) as well as in NAA (1.0 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;M), BAP (5.0 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;M) (38.88% and 37.49%) respectively. Rooting of regenerated shoots were effective when a lower concentration of NAA (0.5 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;M) was used alone. A maximum number of roots (22.0) and higher length (0.6 cm) was observed. The &lt;em&gt;in-vitro&lt;/em&gt; plantlets with well-developed shoots and roots were acclimatized successfully to natural field conditions with a survival rate of over 80%. Cinnamyl alcohol (Secondary metabolite) evaluation was also done for the very first time and an upregulation of 49.6% and 30.6% were observed in &lt;em&gt;in-vitro&lt;/em&gt; roots and shoots when compared with mother root and shoot respectively. Hence, it was proved that the content of secondary metabolites obtained from &lt;em&gt;in-vitro&lt;/em&gt; raised plants is higher than mother plant. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; These results may lay a foundation for genetic improvement and can be used to determine sequential level of targeted secondary metabolites through cell culture in &lt;em&gt;Rhodiola imbricata&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;/strong&gt; Regeneration system, Acclimatization, Endangered, Plant growth regulator, Cinnamyl alcohol.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">x</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">XX</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ashwani Kumar Bhardwaj&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Avilekh Naryal&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Pushpender Bhardwaj&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ashish Rambhau Warghat&lt;sup&gt;1,3&lt;/sup&gt;, Balpreet Arora&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Shikha Dhiman&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Shweta Saxena&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Pratap Kumar Pati&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Om Prakash Chaurasia&lt;sup&gt;1* &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biotechnology, Defence Institute of High Altitude Research, Defence Research and Development Organization, Leh-194101, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nank Dev University, Amritsar-143040, Punjab, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: line-through;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Palampur-176061, Himachal Pradesh, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agung Widiyanto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effionora Anwar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tati Nurhayati</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In vitro Assay of Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitor Activities of Three Seagrasses from Banten Bay, Indonesia</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cymodocea rotundata</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diabetes mellitus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Enhalus acoroides</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical compound</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thalassia hemprichii</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">907-910</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an endocrine disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels. One of the approaches for treating DM is by regulating the postprandial blood glucose via inhibition of &amp;alpha;-glucosidase enzymes. Seagrass is known as a plant containing bioactive compounds, especially for therapy antidiabetic. This research aims to evaluate the &amp;alpha;-glucosidase inhibition activity of three species seagrasses (&lt;em&gt;Enhalus acoroides, Thalassia hemprichii&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Cymodocea rotundata&lt;/em&gt;) from the Banten Bay, Indonesia. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The extracts of all parts (root, leaf, and stem) from three seagrasses were prepared with maceration method using 80% ethanol solvents. The &amp;alpha;-glucosidase inhibitory activity was conducted by microplate reader at 400 nm using acarbose as a positive control. Furthermore, the kinetics of &amp;alpha;-glucosidase inhibition, phytochemical screening, and total phenolics content were evaluated against extract which has the most potential &amp;alpha;-glucosidase inhibition. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The result showed that the 80% ethanol extracts of &lt;em&gt;Enhalus acoroides&lt;/em&gt; (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values 168.15 &amp;plusmn; 2.71 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;g/mL) had the most potential &amp;alpha;-glucosidase inhibitors activity compared with the positive control acarbose, &lt;em&gt;Thalassia hemprichii&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Cymodocea rotundata&lt;/em&gt; (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values 197.27 &amp;plusmn; 3.07 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;g/mL, 425.86 &amp;plusmn; 5.15 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;g/mL and 429.28 &amp;plusmn; 8.89 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;g/mL). The kinetic type of inhibition against &amp;alpha;-glucosidase was noncompetitive inhibition. The phytochemical compounds were phenols, flavonoid, terpenes, and tannin with the total phenolic content was 28.76 &amp;plusmn; 2.46 mgGAE/g. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Enhalus acoroides&lt;/em&gt; has the strongest inhibitor of &amp;alpha;-glucosidase and can be further developed for DM therapy agents.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">907</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Agung Widiyanto&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Effionora Anwar&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Tati Nurhayat&lt;sup&gt;i2 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Indonesia, Depok 16424, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Aquatic Products Technology, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor 16680, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Firzan Nainu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rangga Meidianto Asri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aryadi Arsyad</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marianti Anggreni Manggau</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Nur Amir</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In vivo Antibacterial Activity of Green Algae Ulva reticulata against Staphylococcus aureus in Drosophila Model of Infection</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antistaphylococcal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Drug discovery</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fruit flies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Infection model</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marine products</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">993-997</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Expansion of multi-drug resistant bacteria in social communities and health facilities has been widely reported. To overcome this ever-growing problem, new antibiotics with novel mechanisms of action are urgently required. &lt;strong&gt;Purpose:&lt;/strong&gt; This research was carried out aiming to investigate the &lt;em&gt;in vivo&lt;/em&gt; antibacterial effect of green algae &lt;em&gt;Ulva reticulata&lt;/em&gt; against &lt;em&gt;Staphylococcus aureus&lt;/em&gt; in fruit flies (&lt;em&gt;Drosophila melanogaster&lt;/em&gt;) model of infection. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Sample was dried and extracted with ethanol using maceration method. Wild type and mutant fruit flies were infected with &lt;em&gt;S. aureus&lt;/em&gt; and subjected to survival and bacterial load analysis in the presence or absence of tetracycline or &lt;em&gt;Ulva reticulata&lt;/em&gt; extract at different concentrations. All data were statistically analyzed. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Infection of &lt;em&gt;D. melanogaster&lt;/em&gt; with &lt;em&gt;S. aureus&lt;/em&gt; was characterized by two notable trends: reduction of host survival and increasing level of bacterial growth in the host during the course of infection. Such events were further augmented in mutant flies lacking normal immune responses. Nonetheless, improved survival rates and reduction of bacterial load were observed in wild type and immunodeficient mutant flies challenged with &lt;em&gt;S. aureus&lt;/em&gt; in the presence of either tetracycline or ethanolic extracts of green algae &lt;em&gt;Ulva reticulata&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Taken together, our results suggest that Ulva reticulata yielded antistaphylococcal activity &lt;em&gt;in vivo&lt;/em&gt; thus would be a prospective source for harvesting wide spectrum antibacterial compounds.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">993</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Firzan Nainu&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Rangga Meidianto Asri&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Aryadi Arsyad&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Marianti Anggreni Manggau&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Nur Amir&lt;sup&gt;1 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sangeetha D N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S Rajamani</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In-vitro Cytotoxic Activity of Indianthus virgatus (Roxb.)Suksathan and Borchs. On A549, A431, CaCo2, U87 and L929 Cell Lines</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anticancer activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cancer Cell Lines</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Indianthus virgatus (Roxb.) Suksathan and Borchs</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medicinal plant</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1216-1220</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Medicinal plants play a key role to cure many diseases from time immemorial. The usage of medicinal plants in traditional medicinal system is the vital process of India. Cancer is one of the killing diseases and causes severe defects on human being. There are many types of cancer diseases in human beings affects the different organs. There is no proper medicine to cure such kind of cancer diseases. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The purpose of the study is to evaluate the test substances for their cytotoxicity against selected cell lines.&lt;strong&gt; Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; In the present study the&lt;em&gt; in-vitro&lt;/em&gt; cytotoxicity potential of chloroform and methanolic leaf extract of &lt;em&gt;Indianthus virgatus&lt;/em&gt; (Roxb.) Suksathan and Borchs. Was carried out against five cell lines, four of which were cancerous and one normal cell line i.e., A549, A431, CaCo2, U87 and L929. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The results revealed that the cytotoxicity potential of the leaf and rhizome increased with the increase in concentration of leaf and rhizome extracts. The chloroform leaf extract showed highest percentage of growth inhibition against A549 cell line. The methanol leaf extract showed highest percentage of growth inhibition against A431 cell line. The chloroform leaf extract showed highest percentage of growth inhibition against CaCo2 cell line. The chloroform rhizome extract showed highest percentage of growth inhibition against U87 cell line. The methanolic leaf extract showed highest percentage of growth inhibition against L929 cell line .This shows that for different cell lines the highest percentage growth of inhibition was shown by different extracts. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study has suggested that the leaf and rhizome extracts of&lt;em&gt; Indianthus virgatus&lt;/em&gt; (Roxb.) Suksathan and Borchs. , Possesses potent anticancer property which can be used to prepare anticancer drug with proper standardization methods.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1216</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sangeetha D N&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt; S. Rajamani&lt;sup&gt;2 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Botany, Research Scholar, Bharathair University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Botany, Associate Professor St. Joseph&amp;rsquo;s Post Graduate and Research Centre, Langford road, Bengaluru, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kiki Zakiah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effionora Anwar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tati Nurhayati</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In-vitro Evaluation of Antioxidant Activity and Anti-collagenase Activity of Thalassia hempricii as a Potent Ingredients for Anti-Wrinkle Cosmetics</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-wrinkle</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Collagenase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seagrass</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thalassia hempricii</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/669</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">778-782</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Thalassia hemprichii&lt;/em&gt; have reported containing antioxidant effects. However, information on other biological activities relating to the anti-wrinkle properties is limited. The free radical scavenging activity and enzyme inhibitory activity of the plant extracts investigated that they can help restore skin elasticity and thereby slow the wrinkling process. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To evaluate &lt;em&gt;in-vitro&lt;/em&gt; antioxidant and anti-collagenase activity of &lt;em&gt;T. hemprichii&lt;/em&gt; as a potent ingredient for anti-wrinkle cosmetic. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;T. hemprichii&lt;/em&gt; was extracted with ethanol 100% (E1) 75% (E2) and ethanol 50% (E3) using maceration extraction method for 24 h, thrice. The extract was examined for total phenolic content, antioxidant activity compared with vitamin C, and the best extract was tested for the inhibitory activity of collagenase. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The total phenolic content of T. hempricii extract was 0,525 &amp;plusmn; 0,016 mg GAE/100 g extract (E1) 0,538 &amp;plusmn; 0,006 mg GAE/100 g extract (E2) and 0,558 &amp;plusmn; 0,090 mg GAE/100 g extract (E3) respectively. The antioxidant activity (% inhibition) of the extract was 38,035 &amp;plusmn; 0,252 % (E1), 52,502 &amp;plusmn; 6,225 % (E2) and 57,261 &amp;plusmn; 0,505 % (E3). Ascorbic acid as a positive control of antioxidant activity showed much higher % inhibition than the sample with 78,055 &amp;plusmn; 0,756 %. As the best extract from antioxidant activity, E2 and E3 have inhibited collagenase activity with 51,809 &amp;plusmn; 0,164 % and 52,212 &amp;plusmn; 0,735 % at 20&amp;mu;g/mL respectively. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; In general the (&lt;em&gt;T. hempricii&lt;/em&gt;) extract can be used as a potential active ingradient for anti-wrinkles cosmetic.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">778</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Kiki Zakiah&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Effionora Anwar&lt;sup&gt;2*&lt;/sup&gt;, Tati Nurhayati&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Master student at Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Professor at Department of Pharmacy Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Doctor, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Resmi S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Divya V Nair</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Athulya Subhash</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rose Jose</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vishnu V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Subin Mary Zachariah</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Isolation, Characterization and in vitro Pharmacological Activities of Tagetes Erectus Linn</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disc diffusion method</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DPPH radical scavenging assay</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercetin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terpinolene</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/495</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">384-393</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tagetes erectus &lt;/em&gt;(family: Asteraceae), commonly known as &amp;lsquo;African marigold&amp;rsquo;, is an ornamental plant widely distributed in India. The plant has been used in traditional medicines in India and elsewhere in the treatment of cold, bronchitis, rheumatism and inflammation. The flavonoid quercetin has been isolated from the methanol extract of the plant by column chromatography and identified by co-TLC, comparison of its melting point, UV, IR and NMR spectra. Quercetin content has been estimated as 1.22 (&amp;plusmn;0.26) % in the methanol extract of &lt;em&gt;Tageteserectus&lt;/em&gt; whole plant based on HPTLC method using the solvent systemchloroform: methanol (8.5:1.5). The essential oil was isolated by hydrodistillation (oil yield 0.04% v/w) and 25 compounds comprising 93.9% of the constituents were identified by GC-MS analysis. Monoterpenoids Predominated the oil (78.5%), with piperitone as the major compound (40.1%) followed by terpinolene (12.7%) and limonene (12.0%). The &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; antioxidant assays of the methanol extract showed moderate activity with IC50 values 109.45 (&amp;plusmn;1.22) &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;g/ml for DPPH radical scavenging assay and 201.53 (&amp;plusmn;4.48) &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;g/ml for superoxide scavenging assay and the marker compound quercetin showed IC50 values 26.40(&amp;plusmn;1.75) and 13.87 (&amp;plusmn;0.54) &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;g/ml respectively. Reducing power assay also showed moderate activity. Antibacterial activity of the methanol extract and the essential oil against gram positive and gram-negative bacteria were done using disc diffusion method. The essential oil showed remarkable activity against the tested organisms, while the extract showed only moderate activity.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">384</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Resmi S, Divya V Nair, Athulya Subhash, Rose Jose, Vishnu V, Subin Mary Zachariah &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Analysis, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amrita University, Kochi-682041, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nely Suryani Nopi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effionora Anwar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tati Nurhayati</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Optimization of Extraction Condition to Obtain Antioxidant Activity and Total Phenolic Content of Seagrass Thalassia hemprichii (Ehrenb.) Asch from Indonesia</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DPPH</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Factorial design</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thalassia hemprichii</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">total phenolic content</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">958-962</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Thalassia hemprichii&lt;/em&gt; (Ehrenb.) Asch is one of the commonly found seagrasses spread over the coast of Indonesia and has not been utilized. Previous studies have reported its potency as an antioxidant, however, studies on optimal extraction conditions using ethanol as a solvent to obtain higher antioxidant activity are still limited. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The purpose of this study is to optimize the extraction condition for obtaining the highest antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of the seagrass &lt;em&gt;T. hemprichii&lt;/em&gt;. In an addition, percentage yield of extract was also evaluated. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; In this study, factorial design with independent factors of ethanol concentrations (50%, 70%, and 100%), the use of HCl 1 N (Yes/No), and temperature (30&lt;sup&gt;0&lt;/sup&gt;C, 60&lt;sup&gt;0&lt;/sup&gt;C) was developed. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine the significance of the above factors towards antioxidant activity and total phenolic content. The antioxidant activity was evaluated with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method and the total phenolic content was determined by Folin-Ciocalteu method. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The highest antioxidant activity (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;=83.48 &amp;mu;g/mL) was shown in sample R1 (extracted with 50% ethanol, added with HCl 1 N, and 60&lt;sup&gt;0&lt;/sup&gt;C). The sample was also showed total phenolic content 41.03 mg GAE per gram and 22% yield extract. Among the factors examined, the used of HCl 1 N showed the most significant effect to the antioxidant activity and the total phenolic content, with the &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;-value of 0.048 and 0.034 respectively (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.05). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; This extraction condition can be applied to obtain higher antioxidant activity and total phenolic content from the plant.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">958</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nely Suryani Nopi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Effionora Anwar&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Tati Nurhayati&lt;sup&gt;2 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Indonesia, Depok, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Aquatics Product Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Supattra Klangprapun</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Benjaporn Buranrat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wanida Caichompoo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Somsak Nualkaew</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognostical and Physicochemical Studies of Enhalus acoroides (L.F.) Royle (Rhizome)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Enhalus acoroides</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Macroscopic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Microscopic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognostic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Specification</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">standardization</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s89-s94</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; The rhizome of&lt;em&gt; Enhalus acoroides&lt;/em&gt; (L.f.) Royle is used in traditional medicine for treatment of many diseases e.g. muscle pains, wounds and stomach problems where pharmacognostical studies are lacking. Many chemical constituents; luteolin, apigenin, luteolin glycosides, stigmasterol, daucosterol have been reported. The aim of this work was to perform a pharmacognostical evaluation. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Macroscopical, microscopical and physicochemical parameters were assessed.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;E. acoroides&lt;/em&gt; has characteristic morphology. Microscopical studies indicated the presence of vessels, fiber, parenchyma cells, sclereids, tracheids and trichomes. Physicochemical parameters of &lt;em&gt;E. acoroides&lt;/em&gt; rhizome; foreign matter, loss on drying and total ash content were measured. As well as chemical investigation through TLC and HPLC were specified. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study of &lt;em&gt;E. acoroides&lt;/em&gt; rhizome provides useful information that can serve as a diagnostic tool for the standardization of &lt;em&gt;E. acoroides &lt;/em&gt;and will be helpful in characterization of the crude drug in the market.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s89</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Supattra Klangprapun&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Benjaporn Buranrat&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Wanida Caichompoo&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Somsak Nualkaew&lt;sup&gt;2,* &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Natural Product Research Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Syeda Naila</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Ibrar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacological Studies of Oxalis Pes-caprae L.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antifungal activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytotoxic activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oxalis pes-caprae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytotoxic activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Whole plant</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/655</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">705-711</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Oxalis pes-caprae&lt;/em&gt; is also called as &amp;ldquo;sourgrass&amp;rdquo; or soursob. The roots, stems and leaves of &lt;em&gt;Oxalis pes-caprae&lt;/em&gt; have high medicinal values and have the function of antiinflammatory and analgesia, clearing heat, removing toxicity. In present study &lt;em&gt;Oxalis pescaprae&lt;/em&gt; belonging to family oxalidaceae evaluated for pharmacological activities like cytotoxicity, phtotoxicity, antibacterial and antifungal bioassays. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Cytotoxic activity was performed by brine shrimp bioassay using methodology of Atta- ur- Rahman &lt;em&gt;et al&lt;/em&gt;., 2001. The phytotoxic activity was investigated by applying &lt;em&gt;Lamna minor&lt;/em&gt; (as test species) following Atta-ur-Rahman &lt;em&gt;et al&lt;/em&gt;., 2001. Anti-bacterial screening was conducted following Rathan (2000). Anti-fungal screening was carried out using agar well diffusion method following Perez &lt;em&gt;et al.&lt;/em&gt; (1990) and Atta-ur-Rahman &lt;em&gt;et al&lt;/em&gt;. (1991). &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Its ethanolic extract showed highly significant (100%) cytotoxicity with LD&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; 8.98 at 1000 ppm. &lt;em&gt;Lemna minor&lt;/em&gt; phytotoxicity assay showed that &lt;em&gt;O. pes-caprae&lt;/em&gt; chloroform extract showed 90% inhibition at 1000 ppm with FI&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; 0.1048. Antibacterial bioassays showed that all the samples of the plant were significant against &lt;em&gt;Xanthomonas, Clavibacter machengnitis&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Bacillus&lt;/em&gt; at 1000, 1500 and 2500 ppm doses. Dose dependent antifungal activities against test species (&lt;em&gt;Aspergillus flavus, Penicillium &lt;/em&gt;and&lt;em&gt; Fusarium solani&lt;/em&gt;) were noticed for all the extracts at 100 and 1000 ppm. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Pharmacological potentials showed that this plant can be used in upcoming time for extracting numerous active constituents for their pharmacological preparations.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">705</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Syeda Naila*, Muhammad Ibrar &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Botany, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, PAKISTAN.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jeyavel Renukadevi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ganesan Nandhinidevi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muthiah Bavanilatha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hemanath Tharani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rajarajan Sathiyabama</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Subramani Vasumathi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacophore Modelling of Brassicaceae Members as Potent HIF (Hypoxia Inducible Factor) Inhibitors Involved in Cancer Angiogenesis</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Angiogenesis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brassicaceae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HIF</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular docking</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacophore</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Simulation</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/673</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">798-802</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Angiogenesis is considered as an essential pathological feature of cancer due to its interplay between cancer and other diseases. Natural products found to act as antiangiogenic agents that mediate the angiogenic switch between pro and anti angiogenic factors. Among the different targets, HIF is an important and critical factor that stands as a key mediator between angiogenesis, inflammation and cancer. In our study different phytochemicals of Brassicaceae were analysed for their drug like properties and mapped for pharmacophore development. The developed pharmacophore was virtually screened and further subjected to Lipinski and ADMET filters. The molecular interaction studies of the 10 retrieved compounds were studied by binding with HIF. Among the compounds 1stdrug like molecule HTS 0115 (C&lt;sub&gt;15&lt;/sub&gt;H&lt;sub&gt;21&lt;/sub&gt;BrN&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;) was found to have best docked score and its interaction was further validated using dynamics simulation. The compound found to share the pharmacophoric features with progoitrin a biochemical form of glucosinolate with reported anticancer and anti thyroid activities. Thus the drug like compound HTS 0115 can be further optimised as a putative HIF inhibitor in tumor angiogenesis.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">798</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Jeyavel Renukadevi&lt;sup&gt;*1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ganesan Nandhinidevi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Muthiah Bavanilatha&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Hemanath Tharani&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Rajarajan Sathiyabama&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Subramani Vasumathi&lt;sup&gt;1 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biotechnology, Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biotechnology, Sathyabama University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gazi Jahangeer Rather</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hamiduddin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohd Ikram, Shaista Fatima</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MD Naquibuddin</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physicochemical Standardization of Polyherbal Powder Formulation: Safoof-e-Makhana</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Formulation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physicochemical</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polyherbal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Powder</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Safoof-e- Makhana</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">standardization</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Unani Medicine</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">899-906</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Safoof-e-Makhana&lt;/em&gt; (SM) is a Unani polyherbal powder formulation used to treat Sexual disorders. Formulation consists of following herbs &lt;em&gt;Orchis latifolia, Hygrophila auriculata, Asparagus racemosus &lt;/em&gt;and&lt;em&gt; Elettaria cardamomum&lt;/em&gt;. The main aim of this study was to standardize&lt;em&gt; Safoof-e-Makhana&lt;/em&gt; (SM), on the basis of organoleptic characters and physico-phytochemical analysis. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The drugs were cleaned, dried in shade and powdered by passing through sieve # no. 80 as per the method described in UPI / National Formulary of Unani Medicine. This Safoof formulation was evaluated using physicochemical tests: powder characterization, extractive value, alcohol and water soluble matter, Ash value, LOD at 105&lt;sup&gt;0&lt;/sup&gt;C, pH and HPTLC fingerprinting. Statistical analysis used: Mean &amp;plusmn; SEM. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Organoleptic characters of the formulation are light brown colour, characteristic odour, sweet taste and moderately fine texture. Physicochemical parameters displayed water soluble extractive (21.83 &amp;plusmn; 0.08), alcohol soluble extractive (7.87 &amp;plusmn; 0.09), total ash (4.76 &amp;plusmn; 0.08), acid insoluble ash (3.36 &amp;plusmn; 0.01), water soluble ash (0.89 &amp;plusmn; 0.25), LOD at 105&lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C (11.38 &amp;plusmn; 0.34), pH of 1% and 10% solution were 6.6 &amp;plusmn; 0.1 and 6.0 &amp;plusmn; 0.1 respectively. Phytochemical qualitative analysis displayed presence of alkaloids, tannins, flavanoids, steroids, terpenoids, carbohydrates, volatile oil. HPTLC fingerprinting data was also set in. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The standardization of this formulation was done and the data obtained would be used as a standard for future reference.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">899</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Gazi Jahangeer Rather, Hamiduddin*, Mohd Ikram, Shaista Fatima, MD Naquibuddin &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Department of Ilmul Saidla (Unani Pharmacy), National Institute of Unani Medicine (NIUM), Bangalore -560091, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chichoyan Naira Babken</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mamyan Suren</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shaboyan Naira</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Melikyan Yelena</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Phythochemical Research of Armenian Apricot Gums (Gummi armeniacae)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13C NMR</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Apricot gum</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemical structure</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GC-MS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Simple phenols</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/511</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">476-479</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim:&lt;/strong&gt; The plant derivative, the gum&amp;rsquo;s exudates are of great interest among polysaccharides. Nowadays, it is of crucial importance to study the structural peculiarities and the conditioned biological activity of the Gummi Armenicae of native origin as an alternative version of the Gummi Arabicae.&lt;strong&gt; Materials and methods:&lt;/strong&gt; As a material for research served the gum procured from Apricot trees (Armenian Vulgaris Lam.), cultivated in different regions of Armenia annually in spring during juice motion period in 2010-2014 years. The quantity of polysaccharides in gum was determined by the method of gravimetric balance after drying. The quantitative ratio of monosaccharide in the examined polysaccharide complex was detected by the method of MRI. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; By the methods of spectral analysis (PMR 1H and NMR 13C) the structure of Apricot gums polysaccharide fraction was detected. From the analysis of PMR 1H and NMR 13C spectra it is obvious that polysaccharide complex fraction is composed from the rest of &amp;alpha;- L-arabionopyranose, &amp;beta; -L-arabionopyranose, &amp;alpha;- D-galactopyranose, &amp;beta; -D-galactopyranose, &amp;alpha; -D-glucopyranose, &amp;beta; -D-glucopyranose. Low molecular compounds in nonpolar fraction of apricot gum were determined by GC-MS method. The results show that in Rt1=22.5, Rt2=26.3, Rt3=31.4. Simple phenols were registered &amp;ndash; peaks of catechols` hydroquinones, pyrogallols, amounts of which are respectively 7.58%, 4.27%, 5.69%.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">476</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Chichoyan Naira Babken&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;*, Mamyan Suren&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Shaboyan Naira&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Melikyan Yelena&lt;sup&gt;1 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Yerevan State Medical University after M. Heratsi, Armenia&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Molecule Structure Research Center of Institution of the Scientific Technological Centre of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry of NASRA, Armenia&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;University of Basel, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Petersplatz 1, 4001 Basel, Switzerland&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sofiane Ismahene</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seridi Ratiba</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cortes Martinez Diego Miguel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cabedo Nuria</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical Composition and Evaluation of the Antioxidant Activity of the Ethanolic Extract of Calendula suffruticosa subsp. suffruticosa Vahl</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Calendula suffruticosa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DPPH</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FRAP</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GC / MS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical composition</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/368</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">64-70</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Calendula suffruticosa&lt;/em&gt; ssp. &lt;em&gt;suffruticosa Vahl&lt;/em&gt;, Medicinal and Aromatic plant, spontaneous and widespread in the Mediterranean region and in the Northeast of Algeria, is widely used by the local population for its medicinal properties. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The chemical composition of the ethanolic extract of &lt;em&gt;Calendula suffruticosa&lt;/em&gt; was established for the first time using GC / MS. The antioxidant activity of the ethanolic extract was evaluated &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; by the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) test, the FRAP assay and &amp;beta;-carotene bleaching assay. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; sixty-four compounds are identified by GC/MS analysis, six are predominant: &amp;alpha;-linoleic acid (24.20%), linoleic acid (23.58%), Stigmasterol (8.53%), 2-Metyl-Z-4-tetradecene (6.62%) And &amp;alpha;-Bisabolol (1.70%). The free radical scavenging by DPPH method indicated that the ethanolic extract of &lt;em&gt;C. suffruticosa&lt;/em&gt; showed a very high antioxydant activity with an IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; = 0.017 &amp;plusmn; 1.00 mg / ml. This extract also showed an ability to reduce very high iron with a maximum optical density of 1.157 at a concentration of 0.5 mg / ml and an antioxidant activity compared to the &amp;beta;-carotene / linoleic acid test of order of 75 &amp;plusmn; 1.02%. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; These results show for the first time the richness of phytochemicals and the strong antioxidant activity of the species &lt;em&gt;Calendula suffruticosa&lt;/em&gt; endemic to north-east of Algeria.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">64</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sofiane Ismahene&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;*, Seridi Ratiba&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Cortes Martinez Diego Miguel&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Cabedo Nuria&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Plant Biology and Environnement &amp;laquo;M&amp;eacute;dicinal Plants&amp;raquo; Axis, Faculty of Sciences University Badji Mokhtar- Annaba. BP 12, 23000 Annaba, ALGERIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Pharmacognosy Av. Vicente Andr&amp;eacute;s Estelle s / n 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, SPAIN.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nilesh Balasaheb Chougule</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sachin Annasaheb Nitve</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kailasam Koumaravelou</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical Investigation and Screening for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Kariyat</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Indomithacin.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inflammatory bowel Disease</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kariyat</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">602-610</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objectives:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study investigates the protective effect of Kariyat against Indomethacin and Acetic Acid induced Inflammatory Bowel Disease in male wistar rats. &lt;strong&gt;Material Method:&lt;/strong&gt; HPTLC and GC-MS investigations indicated presence of steroid, phenols, terpenoid, alkaloids, saponine, flavonoids. IBD was induced by administration of Indomethacin (7.5mg/kg b.w. S.c.), Acetic Acid (4% v/v). Two different models used to induce IBD named Indomethacin induces enter colitis and Acetic Acid induces enter colitis in case of Indomethacin induces enter colitis the compromises 5 groups (n=6), normal, control, standard treated (Prednisolone 2mg/kg p.o.), KEE treated (100 mg/kg b.w.), KEE treated (200 mg/kg b.w.) in case of Acetic Acid induces colitis the compromises 5 groups (n=6), normal, control, standard treated (Prednisolone 2mg/kg p.o.), KEE treated (100mg/kg b.w.), KEE treated(200mg/kg b.w.). After treatment of 7 days animals were sacrificed and colon was isolated for macroscopic and microscopic studies. Quantification of inflammation was done by using myeloperoxidase assay (MPO), Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), Lipid peroxidase (LPO). &lt;strong&gt;Result:&lt;/strong&gt; Evaluation based on macroscopic features showed significantly lower score values for drug treated and standard drug treated groups compared to the disease control groups. Histological examination of disease control group showed massive necrosis of the mucosa and sub mucosa. Drug treated group showed mild lesions, regeneration and inflammatory reaction. The Prednisolone treated group showed suppressed inflammatory reaction. The results observed from MPO, LDH and LPO assays showed significant improvement of disease with extract treated groups compared to disease control group. Histopathological examination of Kariyat treated group revealed less damage compared to Indomethacin and Acetic Acid Induced group. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Kariyat have shown to be effective in Indomethacin and Acetic Acid induced colitis in rats, which has protected the animals against experimentally induced disease because of its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">602</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nilesh Balasaheb Chougule&lt;sup&gt;1, 2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sachin Annasaheb Nitve&lt;sup&gt;1,3&lt;/sup&gt;, Kailasam Koumaravelou&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Centre for Research and Development, PRIST University, Vallam, Thanjavur 613 403, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Annasaheb Dange College of D. Pharmacy, Ashta, Sangli, Maharashtra, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Anil Alias Pintu Magdum College of D. Pharmacy, Dharnggutti, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">La Hamidu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aktsar Roskiana Ahmad</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ahmad Najib</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Qualitative and Quantitative Test of Total Flavonoid Buni Fruit (Antidesma bunius (L.) Spreng) with UV-Vis Spectrophotometry Method</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antidesma bunius L. Spreng</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoid content</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spectrophotometry UV-VIS</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/367</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">60-63</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;The aim of this research is to determine of total flavonoid content in the Buni fruit (&lt;em&gt;Antidesma bunius &lt;/em&gt;L. Spreng) extract. The extract was produced by stratified maceration method with the different solvent, i.e &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt;-Hexane, Ethyl acetate and ethanol. The analysis of chemical compound using chemical reagent and Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) method. The method is used to determines total flavonoid contains Buni fruit (&lt;em&gt;Antidesma bunius&lt;/em&gt; L.) extract was based on the amount of Rutin Equivalent (RE) were used. The result shows that the flavonoid content higher in the &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt;-Hexane extract is 10.72 %, then ethyl acetate extract is 7.9 % and 3.56 % ethanol extract was counted to or as a Rutin.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">60</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;La Hamidu&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;*, Aktsar Roskiana Ahmad&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Ahmad Najib&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Pharmacognosy-Phytochemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universities Muslim Indonesia, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ridzwan Norhaslinda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jumli Mimie Noratiqah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baig Atif Amin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rohin Mohd Adzim Khalili</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quantitative and Optimization of Anthocyanin Extracted from Pomegranate (Punica Granatum) Extract by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5-diglucoside</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cyanidin 3</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cyanidin 3-glucoside</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pelargonidin 3</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pelargonidin 3-glucoside</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/645</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">650-653</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;P. granatum&lt;/em&gt; is one of the oldest edible fruits of tropical and subtropical regions. This fruit had high antioxidant contained by hydrolysable tannins and anthocyanin compounds that give many health benefit properties. This study aims to quantify and optimized anthocyanin from &lt;em&gt;P. granatum&lt;/em&gt; extract. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; A total of 50g of the flesh was soaked into two different polar solvents; water and 50% ethanol within a ratio of 1:10; w/v for 24-hr. Then, three different methods of extraction were done and test each with HPLC analytical, respectively. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The validated method proved to be linear in the range of 5 &amp;ndash; 30 ug/mL and with LOD and LOQ determined respectively for Cy3, Cy3, 5, Pg3, and Pg3, 5. The method also shows recovery (%) close to 100 when accuracy was accessed. For samples, blender water extract had a higher composition of Cy3, Cy3, 5 and Pg3, 5 (22.77 &amp;plusmn; 8.82 mg/100 g e.p; 25.36 &amp;plusmn; 9.95 mg/100 g e.p; 11.16 &amp;plusmn; 5.85 mg/100 g e.p) content as compared to other. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; As a conclusion, the present methodology proved to be capable of detecting and quantifying Cy3, Cy3, 5, Pg3, Pg3, 5 in a single run. Also, comparatively the composition of each AC detected in blender water extract is significantly higher in value than the other methods. It should regard as a valuable source of antioxidant with the potential used for health benefits properties worldwide.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">650</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ridzwan Norhaslinda&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Jumli Mimie Noratiqah&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Baig Atif Amin&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Rohin Mohd Adzim Khalili&lt;sup&gt;1,3,4&lt;/sup&gt;* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;School of Nutrition and Dietetic, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Gong Badak Campus, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine, University Sultan Zainal Abidin, Medical Campus, Jalan Sultan Mahmud, Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu Darul Iman, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Centre for Continuing Education (CCE), Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Gong Badak Campus, 21300 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Institute for Community (Health) Development, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Gong Badak Campus, 21300 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jumli Mimie Noratiqah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ridzwan Norhaslinda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baig Atif Amin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rohin Mohd Adzim Khalili</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quantitative and Optimization of Phenolic Acid Extracted from Pomegranate by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caffeic acid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ellagic acid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferulic acid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gallic acid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HPLC</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pomegranate extract</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">969-972</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; Pomegranate is scientifically known as &lt;em&gt;Punica granatum&lt;/em&gt; L. which is a nutrient dense fruit rich in phytochemical compounds. Phenolic content is the main compound attribute for the most of the functional properties in pomegranate. The aim of this study is to quantify and optimize the composition of phenolic acids extracted from pomegranate extract by using High-performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). &lt;strong&gt;Method:&lt;/strong&gt; The pomegranate extracted with three different methods by using two different solvents which is 50% ethanol and water. The methods were blended (aril+ seed), Soaking (aril+ seed) and soaking + squeezed manually. HPLC-PDA was used as equipment to quantify and optimize the phenolic acids extracted from pomegranate. Result: Validation method of HPLC was analysed according to the percentage of recovery, LOD, LOQ and coefficient correlation. Result showed that GA was detected in all sample from different method of extraction applied while CA compound not detected in any of extraction method applied. FA compound was only detected in blended method by 50% ethanol and water as solvent while EA compound was detected only in water extraction of all three methods applied. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; As a conclusion, according to the standard calibration data curve showed that this method proved to detect and quantify the targeted compounds. By comparing the data obtained from this study, it showed that water blended extract method is significantly higher content of targeted compound except for the CA compound. To the best of our knowledge, this sample can be a valuable source of antioxidant for better used in health benefits.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">969</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Jumli Mimie Noratiqah&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ridzwan Norhaslinda&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Baig Atif Amin&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Rohin Mohd Adzim Khalili&lt;sup&gt;1,3,4* &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;School of Nutrition and Dietetic, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Gong Badak Campus, 21300 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Medical Campus, Jalan Sultan Mahmud, 20400 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Centre for Continuing Education (CCE), Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Gong Badak Campus, 21300 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Institute for Community (Health) Development, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Gong Badak Campus, 21300 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sabeena Hussain Syed</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ajay Gajanan Namdeo</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Botanical Features for Taxonomic Evidence of Erythroxylum monogynum Dried Leaf</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">microscopy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paracytic stomata</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physicochemical</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">standardization</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vascular</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2017 </style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">/files/PJ-9-3/10.5530pj.2017.3.67</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">395-399</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Erythroxylum monogynum&lt;/em&gt; belonging to family Erythroxylaceae is commonly found in southern parts of India. Traditionally, leaves of the plant possess high medicinal value and known for the treatment of diabetes, jaundice and to kill intestinal worms, which are scientifically reported. However, no elaborative pharmacognostic study of leaves has been performed yet. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To pharmacognostically standardize the leaves by studying anatomical characters of transversal section and powdered leaves. &lt;strong&gt;Material and methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Leaf samples were studied by macroscopy, microscopy, physicochemical and preliminary phytochemical analysis as recommended by WHO. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Externally the leaves are elliptic - lanceolate, alternate, base attenuate, apex obtuse and entire margin. Internally it shows the presence of paracytic stomata confined to lower epidermis, conjoint, collateral arc shaped vascular bundles encircled by sclerenchyma, lignified fibers and xylem vessels with spiral thickening. Powder microscopy revealed the presence of epidermis with papillae, phytochemical and physicochemical of powdered drug proved useful to differentiate the powdered drug material. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The establishment of botanical features of leaf material will be useful in identification and standardization of &lt;em&gt;Erythroxylum monogyum&lt;/em&gt; in obtaining quality formulations.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">395</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sabeena Hussain Syed, Ajay Gajanan Namdeo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;* &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Poona College of Pharmacy, Pune- 411038, Maharashtra, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Saffidine Karima</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chirol Nadine</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Benayache Fadila</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jay Maurice</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Characterization and Distribution of Flavonoids from Flowers in Different Horticultural Types of Begonia.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Begonia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemotype</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Distribution</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HPLC.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/186</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">850-855</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; The &lt;em&gt;begonias&lt;/em&gt; are ornamental plants known by the varied forms and colors of their flowers, as well as their decorative foliage. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; This study attempts to characterize the flavonoids isolated from flower extracts of different horticultural cultivars of the genus &lt;em&gt;Begonia&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Material and methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The compounds of the ethyl acetate and aqueous extracts were separated by chromatographic methods and identified by UV spectra and chemical techniques. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The analysis allowed the characterization of flavonoids belonging to flavonol types in the free aglycones and glycoside forms of kaempferol and quercetin. On the other hand, fingerprinting analysis and quantification of major flavonoids of 184 cultivars were performed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Among twenty five (25) components which were detected and separated: ten were corresponding to quercetin 3-Oglucosyl- rhamnoside (Rt=23.5), quercetin 3-O-glucoside (Rt=25), kaempferol 3-O-glucosylrhamnoside and its acylated derivative (Rt=32), kaempferol 3-O-glucoside (Rt=33), quercetin 3-O-p.coumaroyl-diglucoside (Rt=37), quercetin 3-O-P.coumaroyl-glucoside (Rt=40.5), quercetin (Rt=41.5), kaempferol and its acylated derivative (Rt=47). Only non-acylated glycosides of quercetin and kaempferol contributed to chemical variations among different cultivars based on the results of PCA. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The genus &lt;em&gt;Begonia&lt;/em&gt; is very heterogeneous and it is possible to distinguish several chemotypes whose differences rely on the complementarities between the metabolic pathways involved in the biosynthesis of glycosides of quercetin and kaempferol.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">850</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Saffidine Karima&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Chirol Nadine&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Benayache Fadila&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Jay Maurice&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Ferhat Abbas, S&amp;eacute;tif, ALGERIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Phytochemistry, University Claude Bernard-Lyon I, Villeurbanne, FRANCE.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;University Fr&amp;egrave;res Mentouri Constantine 1, Constantine, ALGERIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gunjan Biswas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sudeshna Nandi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Debashis Kuila</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Krishnendu Acharya</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A Comprehensive Review on Food and Medicinal Prospects of Astraeus hygrometricus</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Astrakurkurone</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Immunomodulation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medicinal Mushroom</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nutritive Value.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/178</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">799-806</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Edible mushrooms contain unique flavours and textures. They have high nutritional and medicinal values and have been consumed worldwide. &lt;em&gt;Astraeus hygrometricus&lt;/em&gt; (Pers.) Morg. a wild ectomycorrhizal mushroom recognized as a food by the local people in South-East Asia as well as in Bihar, Jharkhand, South west India and South-Western region of West Bengal. However, it is considerably unknown to the communities in other parts of the world and it remains underutilized so far. Recent investigations from our laboratory have manifested the potential role of this mushroom in human health. Basidiocarps of &lt;em&gt;A. hygrometricus&lt;/em&gt; are rich in proteins, carbohydrates, minerals, crude fibre and essential amino acids with lower concentration of fat. Experiments on animal models reveal the hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, anti-inflammatory, anticancer and hypoglycaemic efficacy of the mushroom. Additionally, researchers have found this taxon to contain many bioactive compounds shown to be responsible for antitumor, anti-leishmanial, anticandidal, antioxidant and immunomodulatory activity. The present review, summarized the scattered literature on &lt;em&gt;A. hygrometricus&lt;/em&gt; with an emphasis on its nutritional and health promoting aspects.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">799</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Gunjan Biswas&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Sudeshna Nandi&lt;sup&gt;2*&lt;/sup&gt;, Debashis Kuila&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Krishnendu Acharya&lt;sup&gt;2*&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Botany &amp;amp; Forestry, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore- 721102, West Bengal, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Molecular and Applied Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mariquit M. De Los Reyes</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Glenn G. Oyong</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vincent Antonio S. Ng</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chien-Chang Shen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Consolacion Y. Ragasa</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytotoxic Compounds from Kibatalia gitingensis (Elm.) Woodson</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Apocynaceae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytotoxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HCT-116</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HDFn</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HT-29</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Isoscopoletin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kibatalia gitingensis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lupeol acetate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MCF-7</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PrestoBlue® cell viability assay.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Squalene</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ursolic acid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">α-amyrin acetate</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8-13</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Ursolic acid (&lt;strong&gt;1&lt;/strong&gt;), squalene (&lt;strong&gt;2&lt;/strong&gt;), a mixture of &amp;alpha;-amyrin acetate (&lt;strong&gt;3a&lt;/strong&gt;) and lupeol acetate (&lt;strong&gt;3b&lt;/strong&gt;), and isoscopoletin (&lt;strong&gt;4&lt;/strong&gt;), isolated from the dichloromethane extracts of the leaves and twigs of &lt;em&gt;Kibatalia gitingensis&lt;/em&gt;, were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against three human cancer cell lines, breast (MCF-7) and colon (HT-29 and HCT-116), and a normal cell line, human dermal fibroblast-neonatal (HDFn), using the&lt;em&gt; in vitro&lt;/em&gt; PrestoBlue&lt;sup&gt;&amp;reg;&lt;/sup&gt; cell viability assay. Compounds &lt;strong&gt;1-4&lt;/strong&gt; exhibited strong cytotoxic activities against HT-29 cells with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values ranging from 0.6931 to 1.083 &amp;mu;g/mL. Furthermore, &lt;strong&gt;1-4 &lt;/strong&gt;were moderately cytotoxic against HCT-116 cells with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values ranging from 4.065 to 11.09 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;g&lt;/em&gt;/mL. These compounds were least cytotoxic against MCF-7 cells with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values ranging from 8.642 to 25.87 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;g&lt;/em&gt;/mL. The most cytotoxic against HT-29 cells, HCT-116 cells and MCF-7 cells are &lt;strong&gt;2, 4&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;1&lt;/strong&gt;, respectively.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mariquit M. De Los Reyes&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Glenn G. Oyong&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Vincent Antonio S. Ng&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Chien-Chang Shen&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Consolacion Y. Ragasa&lt;sup&gt;4,6&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Biology Department, De La Salle University Science &amp;amp; Technology Complex, Leandro V. Locsin Campus, Bi&amp;ntilde;an City, Laguna 4024, PHILIPPINES.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Biology Department, De La Salle University, 2401 Taft Avenue, Manila 0922, PHILIPPINES.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Center for Natural Science and Environmental Research, De La Salle University, 2401 Taft Avenue, Manila 0922, PHILIPPINES.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Chemistry Department, De La Salle University, 2401 Taft Avenue, Manila 0922, PHILIPPINES.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, 155-1, Li-Nong St., Sec. 2, Taipei 112, TAIWAN.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Chemistry Department, De La Salle University Science &amp;amp; Technology Complex, Leandro V. Locsin Campus, Bi&amp;ntilde;an City, Laguna 4024, PHILIPPINES.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rohin Mohd Adzim Khalili</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jumli Mimie Noratiqah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ridzwan Norhaslinda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abd Hadi Norhayati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baig Atif Amin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arshad Roslan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A. Latif Ahmad Zubaidi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytotoxicity Effect and Morphological Study of Different Duku(Lansium domesticum corr.) Extract towards Human Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Cells Line (HT-29)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-proliferative effect</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">colorectal cancer</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IC50 value.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MTT Assay</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">polarity extracts</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/172</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">757-761</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Context:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Lansium domesticum&lt;/em&gt; corr. is a member of the family Meliaceae, and known locally as duku and has been used traditionally in the prevention and treatment of various illness. &lt;strong&gt;Aim:&lt;/strong&gt; To study the cytotoxic effect and morphological changes of human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells (HT-29) treated with different duku &lt;em&gt;(Lansium domesticum&lt;/em&gt; corr.) extracts. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The &lt;em&gt;L.domesticum&lt;/em&gt; corr. fruit extracts were processed involving three different solvents; methanol, ethanol and ethyl acetate. HT-29 cell lines were treated with different concentrations of &lt;em&gt;L. domesticum&lt;/em&gt; corr. (0-100 &amp;mu;g/ml) extracts for a total of 24, 48 and 72 hours. Cytotoxicity of cells line was determined by using MTT assay as per IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Methanol extract of &lt;em&gt;L. domesticum&lt;/em&gt; corr. showed IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value at 6.79 &amp;plusmn; 0.00 &amp;mu;g/ml and 50.0 &amp;plusmn; 0.00 &amp;mu;g/ml respective, while ethyl acetate extract of L. domesticum corr. reached IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value at 86.00 &amp;plusmn; 0.08 &amp;mu;g/ml, and 96.0 &amp;plusmn; 0.12 &amp;mu;g/ml. There was no IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value of ethanol extract from &lt;em&gt;L.domesticum&lt;/em&gt; corr. Only methanol extract showed toxicity towards HT-29 cells line. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; To the best of our knowledge, this is the first repeat the exploring the effect of duku (&lt;em&gt;L. domesticum&lt;/em&gt; corr.) extract on HT-29 cells line.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">757</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rohin Mohd Adzim Khalili, Jumli Mimie Noratiqah, Ridzwan Norhaslinda, Abd Hadi Norhayati, Baig Atif Amin, Arshad Roslan, A. Latif Ahmad Zubaidi&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Gong Badak Campus, Hafsah Block, 21300 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu Darul Iman, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alim Isnansetyo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fadilah Nor Laili Lutfia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Nursid</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trijoko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ratna Asmah Susidarti</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytotoxicity of Fucoidan from Three Tropical Brown Algae Against Breast and Colon Cancer Cell Lines</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Breast cancer</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Colon cancer</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytotoxicity.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fucoidan</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phaeophyta</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14-20</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Fucoidan is a sulfated polysaccharide that has a wide range of bioactivities including anti-cancer. This polysaccharide commonly is extracted from marine brown seaweed. There is lack of information on the fucoidan extracted from tropical brown algae and its anti-cancer activity.&lt;strong&gt; Objectives:&lt;/strong&gt; The objectives of this study were to purify fucoidan from &lt;em&gt;Sargassum &lt;/em&gt;sp&lt;em&gt;., Turbinaria &lt;/em&gt;sp&lt;em&gt;.&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Padina &lt;/em&gt;sp., and to evaluate their cytotoxicity against breast cancer (MCF-7) and colon cancer cells (WiDr). &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Fucoidan extraction was conducted by using acid extraction method. Purified fucoidans were obtained by DEAE cellulose column chromatography and confirmed by HPLC and FT-IR spectrometry. The cytotoxicity was evaluated by using the MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl] -2,5- diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Fucoidan from &lt;em&gt;Sargassum&lt;/em&gt; sp. and &lt;em&gt;Turbinaria&lt;/em&gt; sp. showed low cytotoxicity with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; ranging between 461-663 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;g&lt;/em&gt;/mL. Higher cytotoxicity against MCF-7 and WiDr was showed by fucoidan from Padina sp. with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of 144 and 118 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;g&lt;/em&gt;/mL, respectively. While its IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; against Vero cells was 501 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;g&lt;/em&gt;/mL.Standard fucoidan from Fucus vesiculosus exhibited IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of 60, 63 and 211 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;g&lt;/em&gt;/mL against MCF-7, WiDr and Vero Cells, respectively. Although the IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; was higher than that of standard fucoidan, &lt;em&gt;Padina&lt;/em&gt; sp. fucoidan showed cytotoxicity comparable with standard fucoidan at concentrations below 100 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;g&lt;/em&gt;/mL. &lt;b&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/b&gt; These results indicated that &lt;em&gt;Padina&lt;/em&gt; sp.fucoidan showed potential selective cytotoxicity, and promising for the development of an anti-cancer compound.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Alim Isnansetyo&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Fadilah Nor Laili Lutfia&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Nursid&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Trijoko&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Ratna Asmah Susidarti&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture, GadjahMada University, Jl. Flora, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Study Program of Biotechnology, Post Graduate School, GadjahMada University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Research and Development Center for Marine and Fisheries Product Processing and Biotechnology, Ministry of Fisheries and Marine Affair, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Biology, GadjahMada University, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, GadjahMada University, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mubarika Sekarsari Yusuf</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Intan Wulandari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lili Amelia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Katrin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arikadia Noviani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rissyelly</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdul Mun’im</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effect of Gamma Irradiation on Suruhan (Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth) Herb Powder</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Angiotensin converting enzyme</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peperomia pellucida</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">total flavonoid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">total phenolic</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://phcogj.com/fulltext/307</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">239-243</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Peperomia pellucida&lt;/em&gt; (L.) Kunth is known as a raw material for herbal medicine; Preservation of herbs powder by gamma irradiation is reported to be able to keep products free from contamination. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; This study aims to evaluate the effect of gamma irradiation (0; 2.5; 5; 7.5; and 10 kGy) on the ACE inhibitory activity (ACE Kit &amp;ndash; WST test kit method), antioxidant activity (DPPH radical scavenging method), total phenolic content (colorimetric method using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent), total flavonoid content (colorimetric method using AlCl3 and sodium acetate), and TLC profiling (silica gel F&lt;sub&gt;254&lt;/sub&gt; as the stationary phase and dichlormethane:methanol [92:8] as the mobile phase) of suruhan herb powder. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Results showed that the 2.5 kGy irradiation dose gave the smallest alteration in ACE inhibitory activity compared to others irradiated doses. Furthermore, the 5 and 7.5 kGy dose didn&amp;rsquo;t cause significant change (p&amp;gt;0.05) on antioxidant activity, total phenolic content, and total flavonoid content. Antioxidant activity was found to correlate with the total phenolic content but not with the total flavonoid content. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Based on these finding, it is concluded that gamma irradiation can be used as a preservation method for &lt;em&gt;P. pellucida&lt;/em&gt; herb powder.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">239</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mubarika Sekarsari Yusuf, Intan Wulandari, Lili Amelia, Katrin, Arikadia Noviani, Rissyelly, Abdul Mun&amp;rsquo;im* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy- Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kampus Baru UI Depok, Jawa Barat, 16424, Indonesia&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sridevi I Puranik</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shridhar C Ghagane</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rajendra B Nerli</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sunil S Jalalpure</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Murigendra B. Hiremath</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evaluation of in vitro Antioxidant and Anticancer Activity of Simarouba glauca Leaf Extracts on T-24 Bladder Cancer Cell Line</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant; Anticancer; Bladder Cancer; Phytochemical; Simarouba glauca.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/195</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">906-912</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; Screening of preliminary phytochemicals, evaluation of &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; antioxidant and &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; anticancer activities of &lt;em&gt;Simarouba glauca&lt;/em&gt; leaf extracts on T-24 Bladder cancer cell line. Materials and &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Herbal extraction was carried out by Soxhlet method using chloroform, ethylacetate, methanol, ethanol, aqueous and hydroalcohol. Phytochemical investigation was done using biochemical tests. Total phenolic content was estimated by Folin-Ciocalteu reagent (FCR) method. Antioxidant potential of leaf extracts was analyzed by Ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay, Phosphomolybdenum (PM) assay and 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay. &lt;em&gt;In vitro&lt;/em&gt; anticancer activity on T-24 bladder cancer cell line was assessed by MTT assay. &lt;strong&gt;Statistical analysis used:&lt;/strong&gt; Statistical analysis of data was performed by analysis of variance (one-way ANOVA) and level of statistical significance between groups was carried out using GraphPad Prism version 5.0 for Windows (GraphPad Software, San Diego, CA, USA). &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of rich secondary metabolite present in all the solvent extracts. Hydroalcoholic extract showed highest presence of phenolic content (92.38&amp;plusmn;0.29 mg/g) GAE. Ethanol and methanol extract showed highest antioxidant capacity in DPPH, FRAP and PM assay as compared to the other extracts based on the test performed. The results confirmed that ethanol extract significantly (p&amp;lt;0.05) inhibited T-24 cell line with IC50 value (533.55&amp;plusmn;25.02 &amp;mu;g/mL) as compared to standard drug doxorubicin (0.16&amp;mu;M/mL). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; The results of the present findings strengthen the potential property of &lt;em&gt;Simarouba glauca&lt;/em&gt; as a resource for the discovery of novel antioxidant and anticancer agents.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">906</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sridevi I. Puranik&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Shridhar C. Ghagane&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Rajendra B. Nerli&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Sunil S. Jalalpure&lt;sup&gt;5,6&lt;/sup&gt;, Murigendra B. Hiremath&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Karnatak University Dharwad-580003, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biotechnology, K.L.E&amp;rsquo;S R. L. Science Institute (Autonomous), Belagavi-590001, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Urology, KLES Kidney Foundation, KLES Dr. Prabhakar Kore Hospital &amp;amp; Medical Research Centre, Belagavi-590001, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Urology, KLE University&amp;rsquo;s JN Medical College, KLES Kidney Foundation, KLES Dr. Prabhakar Kore Hospital &amp;amp; Medical Research Centre, Belagavi-590010, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;KLE University&amp;rsquo;s Dr. Prabhakar Kore Basic Science Research Centre, Belagavi- 590010, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;KLE University&amp;rsquo;s College of Pharmacy, Nehru Nagar, Belagavi-590010, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sundarachary Nagarjunakonda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sridhar Amalakanti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sristi Ram Dhishana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maddi Ramaiah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lalitha Rajanala</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GC-MS Analysis of Indrakeeladri Native Medicine used in the Treatment of Stroke</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dodecanoic acid methyl ester</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Methyl 10-methyl undecanoate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Methyl tetradecanoate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Native medicine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stroke</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">102-106</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Context:&lt;/strong&gt; A stroke or cerebrovascular disease is an abrupt onset of neurological deficit that is attributable to a focal vascular cause. Antiplatelet drugs, anticoagulants and thrombolytics are used in ischemic stroke. Indrakeeladri, is a village in Andhra Pradesh in India where traditional local practitioners prescription has long been practiced for treatment of stroke by using unknown and undisclosed formulation (gulikalu) without any name and labeling. Patients who have taken treatment at Indrakeeladri have noticed improvement in their symptoms particularly in speech. &lt;strong&gt;Aims:&lt;/strong&gt; We endeavoured to analyze the formulation to know its composition as this analysis might help us in preparation of newer drugs for stroke. &lt;strong&gt;Settings and Design:&lt;/strong&gt; GC MS analysis. &lt;strong&gt;Methods and Material:&lt;/strong&gt; The sample was powdered and tested for its solubility in different solvents of increased polarity strength and then subjected to Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GCMS) analysis in order to know its chemical components. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The sample was soluble only in water. The GC-MS analysis of the test sample revealed the presence of methyl tetradecanoate, dodecanoic acid methyl ester and methyl 10-methyl undecanoate as the major constituents. These substances are known to have inhibitory effect on blood coagulation.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; Further studies need to be carried out to find out whether these components of native medicine have a role in the treatment of stroke or not.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">102</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sundarachary Nagarjunakonda&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Sridhar Amalakanti&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sristi Ram Dhishana&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Maddi Ramaiah&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Lalitha Rajanala&lt;sup&gt;5 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Neurology, Guntur Medical College, Guntur, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Neurology, Guntur Medical College, Guntur, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Intern, Guntur Medical College, Guntur.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Hindu College of Pharmacy, Guntur, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Neurology, Guntur Medical College, Guntur, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sasi Kala Nambi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ramasubbu Raju</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GC-MS analysis of n-Hexane Extract of Fruits of Trichopus zeylanicus ssp. travancoricus Burkill ex K. Narayanan</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agasthyamalai</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hexadecane</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kani tribe</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nonadecane</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tetradecane</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/389</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s99-s102</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study focused to analyse the bioactive compounds present in the fruits of &lt;em&gt;Trichopus zeylanicus&lt;/em&gt; ssp. &lt;em&gt;travancoricus&lt;/em&gt; Burkill ex K. Narayanan by using GC-MS. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The dried and pulverized fruit materials were extracted with n-hexane for 6-8 h. The phytochemical constituents were analysed by GC-MS. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Totally 23 bioactive compounds were identified with RI and SI factors. Of the twenty-three compounds detected from n-hexane extract, Tetradecane (27.87%), Hexadecane (27.26%), Nonadecane (22.25%) and Pentacosane (8.13%) were detected as major compounds. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The obtained bioactive compounds were reported as potentially active in various medicinal treatments and can be used for the treatment of various diseases.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s99</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sasi Kala Nambi, Ramasubbu Raju &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Biology, The Gandhigram Rural Institute &amp;ndash; Deemed University, Gandhigram -624302, Dindigul, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eriawan Rismana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sri Ningsih</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fachry Fachrudin</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In vitro Study of Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory of Gambir (Uncaria gambir) Hunter Roxb Extracts</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">(+) Catechin.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gambir (Uncaria gambir) Hunter Roxb</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inhibitory</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polyphenol</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Xanthine Oxidase</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/188</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">862-865</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Hyperuricemia was a metabolic disorder characterized by high levels of uric acid due to the action of the enzyme xanthine oxidase (XO). Some natural substances with antioxidant activity proved capable of inhibiting the activity of the enzyme XO. Pharmacological benefit of polyphenol compounds had been proved. Gambir (&lt;em&gt;Uncaria gambir&lt;/em&gt;) Hunter Roxb, a native plant, had been proved antioxidant activity, so that it had potential to be developed as an inhibitor of the XO. This study aimed to evaluate the activity of Gambir as XO inhibitor. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; These extracts of Gambir were preparation from Gambir and Gambir leaf using ethanol 50% and ethanol 96%, respectively. The polyphenol content and Xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity was evaluated by spectrophotometry, meanwhile analysis of (+)catechin was determined by high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Screening XO inhibitory activity &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; showed that ethanolic 96% extract of Gambir leaf showed the highest activity, i.e. 50% relative to standard allopurinol at the final concentration of 100 ppm. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; There was no positive correlation between XO inhibitory activity and polyphenol or (+)catechin content.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">862</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Eriawan Rismana&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Sri Ningsih&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Fachry Fachrudin&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Center for Pharmaceutical and Medical Technology, Agency for the Asessment and Application of Technology (BPPT), Laptiab Laboratory, 610-611 Building, Kawasan Puspiptek Serpong, Tangerang, Banten-INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine, National Islamic University, Tangerang , Banten-INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nusaibah Zahratunnisa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berna Elya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arikadia Noviani</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inhibition of Alpha-Glucosidase and Antioxidant Test of Stem Bark Extracts of Garcinia fruticosa Lauterb</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alpha-glucosidase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DPPH</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Garcinia fruticosa Lauterb. Stem bark</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical screening</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://phcogj.com/fulltext/313</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">273-275</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the global health emergencies that characterized by high blood glucose levels (hyperglycemia). Type 2 DM is the most common type in diabetic populations. Inhibition of alphaglucosidase can ameliorate postprandial hyperglycemia that occurs in patients with type 2 DM. Adding antioxidants to the therapy of DM is intended to reduce complications caused by oxidative stress. Some species of &lt;em&gt;Garcinia&lt;/em&gt; have been proven to inhibit alpha-glucosidase and have antioxidant activity, but there is no research on &lt;em&gt;Garcinia fruticosa&lt;/em&gt; Lauterb. Therefore, the aims of this research were to determine the activity of &lt;em&gt;Garcinia fruticosa&lt;/em&gt; Lauterb. stem bark in inhibiting alpha-glucosidase and as an antioxidant. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; In this research, the &lt;em&gt;Garcinia fruticosa&lt;/em&gt; Lauterb. stem bark was dried, grinded, and extracted by multistage maceration using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol. Inhibition of alpha-glucosidase test has been done &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; on concentrated extracts and measured by microplate reader at 400 nm. The antioxidant test has been done using DPPH scavenging method and was measured by microplate reader at 519 nm.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Ethyl acetate extract is the most active extract for both test. IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values for inhibition of alpha-glucosidase test are 20.18 &amp;mu;g/mL that is more active than standard (acarbose) which has IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value 141.55 &amp;mu;g/mL. Meanwhile, IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value from an antioxidant test is 8.93 &amp;mu;g/mL that is not more active than standard (quercetin) which has IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value 2.51 &amp;mu;g/mL. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Phytochemical screening shows that the ethyl acetate extract contains alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, saponins, and tannins.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">273</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nusaibah Zahratunnisa, Berna Elya*, Arikadia Noviani &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy- Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus Baru UI Depok, 16424, Depok, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sonia Singh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bhupesh Chander Semwal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gurulingappa S Neeli</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Microscopic and Physicochemical Evaluation of Leaves of Sphaeranthus indicus Linn</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Histochemical evaluation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Organoleptic evaluation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemcial screening</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sphaeranthus indiucs.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">21-26</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To study the pharmacognostic characters of a medicinally important crude drug, &lt;em&gt;Sphaeranthus indicus&lt;/em&gt; Linn. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Various pharmacognostic parameters involved in organoleptic, microscopic, physicochemical, phytochemical and fluorescence evaluation were carried out. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The macroscopy study showed that the leaves was observed as sessile, obovate-oblong apex, tapered base, dentate margin, simple, serrate lamina, surface glabrous. The leaf microscopy showed the presence of diacytic stomata, unicellular covering trichomes, arc shaped vascular bundle which contain lignified xylem and non lignified phloem, cortical parenchyma and a thin strip of collenchyma, micro rosette calcium oxalate crystals. The powder characteristics of leaf showed the presence of lignified fibers, medullary rays, bordered pitted xylem vessels, calcium oxalate crystals, stomata, epidermal cells and covering trichomes. Physicochemical parameters like total ash value was 9.21%, water soluble ash 1.56%, acid insoluble ash 1.35%, swelling index 4 mL, loss on drying 1.09% and foreign matter was 0.20%w/w respectively where as stomatal indexes of upper and lower surfaces were 33.2 and 23, respectively. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of carbohydrates, flavonoids, alkaloids, volatile oil, fats and oils, tannins and phenolic compounds. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study provides the scientific data for the proper authentification and establishment of quality control standards for the therapeutic use of &lt;em&gt;Sphaeranthus indicus.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">21</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sonia Singh*&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Bhupesh Chander Semwal&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Gurulingappa S. Neeli&lt;sup&gt;2 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Research GLA University 17 Km Stone, NH Mathura- Delhi Road, P.O. Chaumuhan Mathura, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, K.L.E.S&amp;rsquo;s College of Pharmacy Belgaum -590010 Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Savin Chanthala Ganapathi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rajendra Holla</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shivaraja Shankara</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sunil Kumar Koppala Narayana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ravi Mundugaru</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Microscopical Evaluation, Phytochemical Analysis and HPTLC Fingerprinting of Tuber of Actinoscirpus grossus (L.f.) Goetgh. &amp; D.A.Simpson</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ethanol Extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HPTLC</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quality control</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">standardization</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">/files/pj-9-5/10.5530pj.2017.5.104/index.html</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">657-662</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Actinoscirpus grossus&lt;/em&gt; (L.f.) Goetgh. &amp;amp; D.A.Simpson (Cyperaceae), is a Perennial with long stolons and rhizomes ending in small tubers. It is popularly known as Kasheruk in Sanskrit. The plant is traditionally used as anti-diarrheal, anti-emetic, and tonic to the liver. In order to do the detail standardization of plant macro-microscopical observation, phytochemical analysis and HPTLC Finger printing of tuber was performed according to pharmacopoeia procedure. Microscopic analysis has showed thick-walled polygonal epidermal cells of young root stalk in surface view, elongated phloem parenchyma filled with starch grains, spiral to annular vessel fragments and simple starch grains scattered all over the powder. Phytochemical analysis showed presence of carbohydrate, coumarins, flavanoids, steroid, tannin, and terpenoid. Ethanol extract of plant were fingerprinted in toluene: ethyl acetate (7:3). The developed plates were visualized in UV 254, 366, and then derivatised with vanillin sulphuric acid and scanned under UV 254 and 366 nm. These specific identities will be useful in identification and authentication of the raw drug.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">657</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Savin Chanthala Ganapathi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Rajendra Holla&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Shivaraja Shankara&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Sunil Kumar Koppala Narayana&lt;sup&gt;4*&lt;/sup&gt;, Ravi Mundugaru&lt;sup&gt;5 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, KVG Medical College and Hospital, Sullia, Dakshina Kannada, Karnataka, 574327. INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, KS Hegde Medical Academy, NITTE University, Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, 575018. INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry, KVG Medical College &amp;amp; Hospital, Sullia, Dakshina Kannada, Karnataka, 574327. INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Research Officer, Department of Pharmacognosy, Siddha Central Research Institute, Central Council for Research in Siddha, Arumbakkam, Chennai, 600106. INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;SDM Centre for Research in Ayurveda and Allied Sciences, Laxminarayana Nagar, Kuthpady, Udupi, Karnataka, 574118. INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fatima Kazbekovna Serebrynaya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Naida Mahmudovna Nasuhova</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dmitryi Alexeevich Konovalov</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morphological and Anatomical Study of the leaves of Laurus nobilis L. (Lauraceae), growing in the Introduction of the Northern Caucasus region (Russia)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anatomical Structure of Leaf</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Essential Oil.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laurus Nobilis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morphological and Anatomical Study</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">/files/PJ-9-4/10.5530pj.2017.4.83</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">519-522</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;In this article results of morphological and anatomical research &lt;em&gt;Laurus nobilis&lt;/em&gt; L. are resulted. These plants are growing in the conditions of culture in the Botanical garden of Pyatigorsk medical and pharmaceutical institute (Northern Caucasus region). &lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Laurus nobilis&lt;/em&gt; L. is grown up as a decorative species in Europe, RUSSIA, the USA and other countries. Chemical composition of the leaves is characterized by essential oil components, sesquiterpene lactones, phenolic and other compounds.&lt;strong&gt; Material And Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Micro morphological research of vegetative bodies was carried out with the help of a well-known technique. We carry out morphological and anatomical research of a leaf blade and a petiole of a leaf of a plant, which is grown up in a Botanical garden in the Pyatigorsk medical and pharmaceutical institute. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The diagnostic characteristics of a leaf blade necessary for an establishment of authenticity of raw materials are revealed. The leaf is hypostomal, dorsoventral, stomatal apparatus of paracytic type. The idioblasts with the essential oil are obtained between mesophyll cells. Idioblasts thin-walled, large enough. In the field of the main vein under an epidermis the collenchyma of lamellar type in 4-7 layers settles down. The leaf petiole on cross-section section has the saddle-like form, without a ledge on the abaxial side of leaf. Under an epidermis the parenchyma settles down, is presented by live cells of the roundish or oval form. Between parenchyma cells it is possible to observe numerous cells-idioblasts with contents of yellow colour. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; As diagnostic signs of leaf (a leaf blade and a petiole) it is possible to consider numerous cells - idioblasts with an essential oil, the leaf is &lt;em&gt;hypostomatical,&lt;/em&gt; dorsoventral, stomatal apparatus of paracytic type. The idioblasts with the essential oil are obtained between mesophyll cells.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">519</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fatima Kazbekovna Serebrynaya*, Naida Mahmudovna Nasuhova, Dmitryi Alexeevich Konovalov &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Botany and Department of Pharmacognozy, Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute, a branch of Volgograd State Medical University Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Pyatigorsk, 357532, Kalinina Av.11, RUSSIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meiliza Ekayanti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lia Ardiana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sarah Zielda Najib</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rani Sauriasari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berna Elya</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognostic and Phytochemical Standardization of White Tea Leaf (Camellia sinensis L. Kuntze) Ethanolic Extracts</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Characteristic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Macroscopic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Microscopic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physico-chemicals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemicals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Theaceae.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">221-226</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Tea or also known as &lt;em&gt;Camellia sinensis&lt;/em&gt; (Theaceae family) is the most popular plant and beverage in the world because of the sensory properties, prices are relatively cheap, stimulant effects, and their potential health benefits but white tea is not widely known. White tea is made from unfermented tea leaves young shoots protected from sunlight to avoid polyphenols degradation which inhibits of the chlorophyll formation and causing the white color on the leaf buds. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The objective of research and development of herbal medicine is to improve the quality and safety of natural products. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Macroscopical and microscopical features of the leaf have been analysis using an optical microscope and fragment analysis under scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Phytochemical and physico-chemical analysis were evaluated. The observation of the FTIR spectrum profiles is done by interpreting the typical peak that appears. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The leaf has actinocytic stomata, unicellular trichomes, heterogenous mesophyll which is characterized by the presence of calcium oxalate crystals and sclereid cells. Phytochemical analysis indicated resources the presence of tannins, flavonoids, glycosides and saponins.The content of polyphenol from white tea leaves ethanolic extract is 35.73% with the largest concentration of catechins is 18.84% and 17.43% tannins. The derivative content of catechins is EGCG with 7.37%. FTIR analysis showed functional groups of O-H, C-H, N-H, C=O, C=C, and C-O. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Pharmacognostic and phytochemicals features established in this study may be used as part of the pharmacopoeial standard which can play an important role in its standardization.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">221</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Meiliza Ekayanti, Lia Ardiana, Sarah Zielda Najib, Rani Sauriasari, Berna Elya* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, 16424, Depok, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mahadeva Nayak</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ananthanarayanan Nagarajan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammed Majeed</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognostic Evaluation of Leaf and Stem Wood Extracts of Artocarpus hirsutus Lam.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Artocarpus hirsutus Lam.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HPLC.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HPTLC finger prints</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">microscopy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical analysis</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/192</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">887-894</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Artocarpus hirsutus&lt;/em&gt; Lam., a plant known for its fruits, used as a traditional medicine to treat skin diseases including hydrocele, pimple, heal sores, cracks in the skin. Pharmacological studies on the bark, root, leaf and fruit extracts of this species support their significance as antioxidants, as well as their efficacy on diuretic, antibacterial, anti-fungal and antiulcer activity. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study focused on microscopic study, phytochemical analysis, HPLC and HPTLC finger print evaluation of leaf and stem wood extracts. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Microscopic analysis demonstrates its characteristic parameters namely hairy trichomes, pearl glands, vascular bundles, epidermis and is expected to assist easy identification of the genus. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The solvent system, chloroform:methanol (8:2) was found to be the best as TLC eluent to visualize all major components of this species. HPLC and HPTLC finger prints not only confirm the presence of two major components, oxyresveratrol and artocarpin in stem wood extract, but also prove their absence in the leaf extract.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">887</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mahadeva Nayak&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ananthanarayanan Nagarajan&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammed Majeed&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Sami Labs Limited-R&amp;amp;D Center, 19/1, 19/2, 1st Main, 2nd Phase, Peenya Industrial Area, Peenya, Bangalore- 560058, karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Sabinsa Corporation, 20-Lake Drive, East Windsor, NJ-08520, USA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Venkata Naga Anantha Sandhya Rani Nandyala</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kothapalli Bonnoth Chandrasekhar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognostical Standardization &amp; Phytochemical Evaluation of Alphonsea sclerocarpa Thwaites Bark &amp; Leaves</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Monograph</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Radial Longitudinal Section</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">standardization</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tangential Longitudinal Section</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://phcogj.com/fulltext/299</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">196-200</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; The genus &lt;em&gt;Alphonsea sclerocarpa&lt;/em&gt; Thwaites (Annonaceae) includes species distributed widely in the tropical areas. Whole plant of &lt;em&gt;Alphonsea sclerocarpa&lt;/em&gt; is traditionally believed for its eminent therapeutic benefits. Despite its medicinal properties the plant seems to be less explored and hence this research aims at exploring the Pharmacognostical parameters for standardization. Physicochemical and Phytochemical analysis was also carried out to establish quality control parameters for the drug. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Morphoanatomical (Transverse Section of Leaf Lamina &amp;amp; Margin, Radial Longitudinal Section &amp;amp; Tangential Longitudinal Section of phloem in bark) and Powder microscopic analysis were carried out by employing Formalin fixed as well Macerated specimens. Physicochemical Parameters like Loss on drying, Ash Value, Extractive values etc were carried out as per WHO guidelines. Phytochemical Analysis was also carried out and the phytochemical profile was established. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Transverse section of Leaf revealed the presence of Plano convex vascular bundles. Ensheathed by a bundle of sclerenchyma. Transverse section of bark has shown the presence of highly compressed, heavily suberised phellem cells. Tangential longitudinal section (TLS) revealed the presence of Spindle shaped bi or Multi seriate medullary rays. In Radial longitudinal section (RLS) the phloem cells appear rectangular and thin walled. Powder microscopy revealed the presence of Fibres, fibre-tracheids and Calcium oxalate crystals. Total ash value of Bark &amp;amp; Leaf was found to be 8.75 &amp;amp; 7 % respectively. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The established Pharmacognostical, Physico-chemical &amp;amp; Phytochemical parameters will suffice for establishing Monographs for the plant drug.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">196</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Venkata Naga Anantha Sandhya Rani Nandyala&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;* &amp;amp; Kothapalli Bonnoth Chandrasekhar&lt;sup&gt;2 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Oil Technological and Pharmaceutical Research Institute (OTPRI), Department of Pharmacognosy, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Anantapur (JNTUA), Ananthapuramu- 515001, Andhra Pradesh, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Academic Assistant, (OTPRI) JNTUA, Ananthapuramu- 515001 INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdelsamed Ibrahim Elshamy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohamed El-Shazly</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yomna Mahmoud Yassine</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mona Anwar El-Bana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdel- Razik Farrag</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mahmoud Ibrahim Nassar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdel Nasser Singab</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Masaaki Noji</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Akemi Umeyama</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phenolic Constituents, Anti-Inflammatory and Antidiabetic Activities of Cyperus laevigatus L.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-inflammatory</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antidiabetic.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cyperus Laevigatus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">New Flavone</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/182</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">828-833</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Cyperus&lt;/em&gt; species are well known traditional plants and used for several diseases around the world. &lt;strong&gt;Aim of the Study:&lt;/strong&gt; Our study aimed to identification of the phenolic constituents in addition to evaluation of different extracts of &lt;em&gt;Cyperus laevigatus&lt;/em&gt; L as antioxidant, antiinflammatory and antidiabetic agents. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The phenolic constituents were identified using spectroscopic techniques. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; DPPH assay. Total extract, methanol and EtOAc fractions were evaluated for their antiinflammatory activity using RAW 264.7 macrophages assay. Antidiabetic activity of the total extract was examined biochemically and histopathologically using streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; A new flavone, chrysoeriol 7-&lt;em&gt;O&lt;/em&gt;-&amp;beta;-(6‴-&lt;em&gt;O-acetyl&lt;/em&gt;-&amp;beta;-D-glucopyranosyl)-(1&amp;rarr;4) glucopyranoside (1), along with seven knowns (2-8) were isolated from &lt;em&gt;Cyperus laevigatus&lt;/em&gt; L. The structures of isolated compounds were established depending upon 1D, 2D-NMR and HR-ESI-MS. The MeOH and EtOAc fractions exhibited significant antioxidant activity while the isolated flavonoids exhibited from moderate to weak antioxidant activity. The total extract, MeOH and EtOAc fractions exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity using LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages model by decreasing of NO accumulation by 76 &amp;ndash; 66% and 84 &amp;ndash; 67%, of the original accumulation values with increasing concentrations in comparison with the reference drug, dexamethasone. The total extract exhibited antidiabetic activity in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and this effect was manifested by decreasing serum levels of glucose, glucagon and NO. It also increased level of insulin and promoted paraoxonase activity. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; These results proved that this plant may be multiple sources for medicinal natural drugs especially for anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">828</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Abdelsamed Ibrahim Elshamy&lt;sup&gt;1,5*&lt;/sup&gt;, Mohamed El- Shazly&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Yomna Mahmoud Yassine&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Mona Anwar El- Bana&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Abdel-Razik Farrag&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Mahmoud Ibrahim Nassar&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Abdel Nasser Singab&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Masaaki Noji&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Akemi Umeyama&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Natural Compounds Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth st., Dokki, Giza, 12622, EGYPT.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, EGYPT.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Medical Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth st., Dokki, Giza, 12622, EGYPT.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pathology, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth st., Dokki, Giza, P.O. Box 12622, EGYPT.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Yamashiro-cho, Tokushima 770-8514, JAPAN.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lia Ardiana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meiliza Ekayanti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sarah Zielda Najib</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rani Sauriasari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berna Elya</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Preliminary Acute Oral Toxicity Study of White Tea Leaf (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze) Ethanolic Extracts</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acute toxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Camellia Sinensis (L.) Kuntze</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Safety</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Teh Putih</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Theaceae</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">/files/PJ-9-4/10.5530pj.2017.4.77</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">479-482</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; White tea is a kind of tea which manufactured with minimal processing only drying without fermentation process. White tea prepared from very young tea leaves or buds of &lt;em&gt;Camellia sinensis&lt;/em&gt; (L.) Kuntze, Theaceae, covered with tiny, silvery hairs, and dried immediately after picking to prevent oxidation and commonly used as a beverage and herbal medicine. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study was aimed to evaluate the safety of the white tea leaf ethanolic extract (WTE) with acute toxicity tests. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The acute oral toxicity of WTE performed at dose 1250, 2500, and 5000 mg/Kg BW of Deutschland, Denken, and Yoken (DDY) mice. The animals observation for any mortality, behavioral, body weight and feed-water consumption pattern during the 14- day study. The liver, kidney, and heart isolation performed on day-15 to observe macroscopic and relative organ weight (ROW). &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; No treatment-related toxic symptom or mortality observed for the first 4 hours and 24 hours after oral administration of WTE at a dose of 1250, 2500, and 5000 mg/kg BW. All the groups of mice did not show the significant changes in behavior, breathing, and motoric activity. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; This studies showed that the oral LD&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of WTE was greater than 5000 mg/kg BW and suggests that the WTE is practically non-toxic in a single dose of level 5000 mg/kg BW.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">479</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lia Ardiana, Meiliza Ekayanti, Sarah Zielda Najib, Rani Sauriasari&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;, Berna Elya&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Indonesia, 16424, Depok, INDONESIA&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ming Shin Neo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shraddha Manish Gupta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tahir Mehmood Khan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Manish Gupta</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quantification of Ethanol Content in Traditional Herbal Cough Syrups</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alcohol content</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Enzymatic analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ethanol concentration</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Herbal cough medicine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Herbal preparation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quantitative analysis.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/181</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">821-827</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; The use of alcohol as an excipient in pharmaceutical preparations raises safety concerns, especially when used in high concentration. This study aims to scrutinize the ethanol concentration in traditional herbal cough syrups available over-the-counter (OTC) in Malaysia. &lt;strong&gt;Method:&lt;/strong&gt; Enzymatic analysis was adopted to estimate the alcohol contents of five selected syrups. The principle reaction involved ethanol oxidation by nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide (NAD) in the presence of the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), forming acetaldehyde, reduced NAD (NADH) and a proton. The ethanol concentration of each syrup was quantitatively determined by detecting NADH using UV spectrophotometry at detection wavelength of 340 nm. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The ethanol percentage by volume (% v/v) in the tested syrups ranges from 0.102% to 2.576%. All five syrups studied comply with the FDA requirement for drugs for adults and children &amp;gt;6 years since they do not contain more than 5% ethanol. However, three syrups do not fulfil the requirement for use in children &amp;lt;6 years as they contain higher than 0.5% ethanol, yet they are inappropriately indicated on their packaging for use in children &amp;gt;3 years. In terms of safety, all studied syrups fulfil European Medicine Agency&amp;rsquo;s (EMA) recommendation as they will not induce a blood alcohol concentration (BAC) higher than 0.125g/L after a single dose. Nevertheless, none of these syrups comply with Malaysian Drug Registration Guidance on labelling requirements as they do not disclose their alcohol contents on the packaging. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; More rigorous regulation on alcohol content in herbal preparations, and disclosure of alcohol content in product packagings should be enforced.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">821</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ming Shin Neo&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Shraddha Manish Gupta&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;,&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Tahir Mehmood Khan&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Manish Gupta&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Gurukrupa Institute of Pharmacy, NH 222, Near Chhatrapati Sugar Factory, Malipargaon Phata , Majalgoan, Beed 431131, Maharashtra, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sajad Hassan Wani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hilal Ahmad Bhat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Javid Iqbal Mir</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shahid Ali Akbar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sajad Un Nabi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Desh Beer Singh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nazeer Ahmad</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quantitative Analysis of Irigenin in the Different Species of Iris Plant by RP- HPLC and its Efficacy Against Different Plant Pathogens</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bio efficacy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Irigenin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Iris Plant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">RP-HPLC</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/377</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s23-s27</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Irigenin belongs to family of &lt;em&gt;isoflavonoids&lt;/em&gt;, isolated from &lt;em&gt;Iris Plant&lt;/em&gt; of Kashmir Himalaya. A rapid and specific reverse phase high pressure chromatography (RP HPLC) method for quantitative analysis of irigenin in the different species of &lt;em&gt;Iris Plant&lt;/em&gt; was developed. The samples were analyzed on RP-C&lt;sub&gt;18&lt;/sub&gt; e column (chromolith, 5&amp;mu;m, 4.6&amp;times;100 mm). The HPLC system was operated at ambient temperature (&amp;plusmn;30c). The mobile phase consisted of methanol: water. The detecting wavelength at 260 nm and flow rate of 0.6 ml/min. The standard irigenin was diluted using the mobile phase at a known concentration of 1mg/ml; the sample was filtered through sample filter of 0.45 &amp;mu; pore size. The filtrate was introduced on to a reverse phase analytical column. The content of irigenin in the different species of &lt;em&gt;Iris Plant&lt;/em&gt; was determined. The HPLC showed an excellent performance in separating the irigenin in different species of &lt;em&gt;Iris Plant&lt;/em&gt;. Furthermore, the antipathogenic activity. The test compound at each respective concentration was found to be statistically superior against scab. Furthermore, the test compound @ 5000 ppm proved significantly most effective by providing (82.49%) inhibition in the mycelia growth of apple scab. It was followed by fusarium (77.27%) at 5000 ppm. Lowest reduction in mycelia growth (65.78%) was recorded in &lt;em&gt;marssonina&lt;/em&gt; and did not differ significantly from Alternaria (67.47%) at 5000 ppm. Furthermore, lowest inhibition of mycelia growth was recorded at 1000 ppm. Similar trend was recorded for rest of the pathogens i.e. highest reduction at 5000 ppm, lowest at 1000 ppm and at 2000, 3000 and 4000 ppm it ranges between the first two but increases with increase in concentration. From this study irigenin is potent compound which can be used for controlling the growth of respective pathogens.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s23</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sajad Hassan Wani&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;*, Hilal Ahmad Bhat&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Javid Iqbal Mir&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Shahid Ali Akbar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sajad un Nabi&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Desh Beer Singh&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Nazeer Ahmad&lt;sup&gt;5 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Biotechnology division, Central Institute of Temperate Horticulture- ICAR, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Entomology division, Central Institute of Temperate Horticulture- ICAR, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Plant Pathology, Central Institute of Temperate Horticulture- ICAR, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Central Institute of Temperate Horticulture- ICAR, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Sheri Kashmir University of Agriculture Science and Technology Kashmir (SKUAST-K), Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ankita Misra</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pushpendra Kumar Shukla</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bhanu Kumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abhishek Niranjan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">AKS Rawat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sharad Srivastava</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Simultaneous-HPLC Quantification of Phenolic Acids in Traditionally used Ayurvedic Herb Diplocyclos palmatus (L.) Jeffry</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti diabetic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti oxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diplocyclos palmatus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HPLC</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phenolic acid</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">/files/PJ-9-4/10.5530pj.2017.4.78</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">483-487</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt;The present study deals with the simultaneous HPLC-quantification of phenolic acid(s) in the aerial parts of &lt;em&gt;Diplocyclos palmatus &lt;/em&gt;(Cucurbitaceae) and evaluation of their bioactivity potential through &lt;em&gt;in vitro &lt;/em&gt;antioxidant assay&amp;rsquo;s. &lt;strong&gt;Method:&lt;/strong&gt; The HPLC elution was done using C&lt;sub&gt;18&lt;/sub&gt; column using gradient (binary phases) solvent system at a flow rate of 0.6 ml/min. Total phenolic and, flavonoid contents were determined and the antioxidant potential was estimated by four assay&amp;rsquo;s viz. DPPH radical scavenging assay, ferric reducing power assay, total antioxidant capacity and 2-deoxy ribose assay. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The species is rich in three phenolic acids, among which gallic acid (1708 ug/g) is in maximum concentration followed by caeffic acid (437 ug/g) and protocateuchic acid (337.7 ug/g). Total phenolic content was higher (10.5 mg/g) than flavonoid content (3.78 mg/g) and TAC was found at 0.137 mg/g ASE (ascorbic acid equivalent). IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of &lt;em&gt;D. palmatus &lt;/em&gt;extract for scavenging of hydroxyl radical by 2-deoxy ribose and DPPH was at concentration of 125.61 &amp;plusmn; 0.834 (&amp;mu;g/ml) and 353.71 &amp;plusmn; 0.663 (&amp;mu;g/ml) respectively. &lt;em&gt;In vitro &lt;/em&gt;antidiabetiv potential, via inhibition of alpha amylase enzyme through starch iodine and 3,5- DNS assay reveals the IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of extract at 146.31 &amp;plusmn; 0.415 ug/ml and 286.23 &amp;plusmn; 0.671 ug/ ml respectively. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;The species (aerial part) was rich in phenolic acid with potential bioactivity, identified leads will be useful&amp;nbsp;in further chemical characterization and pharmacological validation.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">483</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ankita Misra, Pushpendra Kumar Shukla, Bhanu Kumar, Abhishek Niranjan, AKS Rawat and Sharad Srivastava&lt;sup&gt;* &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pharmacognosy and Ethnopharmacology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute Lucknow (U.P.) 226001, INDIA.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sayeli Vinaykumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Urval Pundarik Rathnakar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ullal Sheetal Dinkar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kamath Priyanka</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tiwary Gaurav</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shenoy Ashok Kudgi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Revappala Sekhar Nishith</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-inflammatory activity of BCM-95 (bio-enhanced formulation of turmeric with increased bioavailabilty) compared to Curcumin in Wistar rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-Inflammatory agents</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bioavailability</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Curcumin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inflammation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wistar rats.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">380-384</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective&lt;/strong&gt;: To evaluate anti-inflammatory activity of bioenhanced turmeric formulation (BCM-95) compared to commercial Curcumin formulation (Curcuminoids 95%) in Carrageenan-induced acute inflammatory model. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods&lt;/strong&gt;: Thirty six Wistar rats were divided into six groups-Normal control (2 ml of vehicle), Standard control (Indomethacin 10 mg/kg), 2 doses of BCM 95 (10 and 20 mg/kg) and Curcuminoids 95% (10 and 20 mg/kg). Paw volume was measured using a digital plethysmometer. Vehicle or test drugs were given to rats 30 min before carrageenan administration. Baseline paw volume reading (V&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt;) was noted just prior to administration of 0.1 ml of 1% carrageenan to right hind paw of the rat. Test paw volume readings (V&lt;sub&gt;t&lt;/sub&gt;) were measured at 30, 60, 120, 180, 240, 300 and 360 min, after carrageenan injection. Oedema expressed as increased paw volume (v&lt;sub&gt;t&lt;/sub&gt;-v&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt;) was noted and percentage inhibition of oedema was calculated for all treatment groups. &lt;strong&gt;Statistical analysis&lt;/strong&gt;: Difference between groups were analyzed with ANOVA followed by Tukey test. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; All treatment groups demonstrated significant (p&amp;lt;0.05) anti-inflammatory activity (oedema suppression) compared to normal control&lt;strong&gt;. &lt;/strong&gt;Anti-inflammatory activity of BCM 95 treated groups were comparable to standard control group except at certain time points, whereas the same activity at all-time points with Curcuminoid 95% treated groups were significantly less than standard control group. Percentage inhibition of paw oedema was maximum with standard control group followed by BCM 95 treated groups followed by Curcuminoid 95% treated groups. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; BCM 95 treated groups showed significant anti-inflammatory activity compared to Curcuminoid 95% treated groups.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">380</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sayeli Vinaykumar&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Urval Pundarik Rathnakar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Ullal Sheetal Dinkar&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;*, Kamath Priyanka&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Tiwary Gaurav&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ashok Shenoy Kudgi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Revappala Sekhar Nishith&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Kasturba Medical College, Mangaluru, Manipal University, Manipal, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Kanachur Institute of Medical Sciences, Deralakatte, Mangaluru. 575018, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Scoop Med Inc, Bengaluru, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Iram Nazish</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S H Ansari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Poonam Arora</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adil Ahmad</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiobesity activity of Zingiber officinale</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">High-fat diet</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Insulin.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leptin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rat</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zingiber officinale</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oct 2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">440-446</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Context: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Zingiber officinale&lt;/em&gt; Roscoe (Zingiberaceae) rhizome, known commonly as ginger is extensively used in Indian traditional system of medicine for treatment of various disorders. The ethanolic &lt;em&gt;Z. officinale&lt;/em&gt; extract is reported to have various activity such as antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant activity in experimental animals. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To evaluate anti-obesity effect of aqueous &lt;em&gt;Z. officinale&lt;/em&gt; extract in murine model of high fat diet (HFD)- induced obesity. Materials and Methods: Male Wistar rats fed with HFD (20 g/day/rat, p.o) for a period of 42 days were used to induce obesity. Aqueous&lt;em&gt; Z. officinale&lt;/em&gt; extract (20 mg/kg b.w.) administered orally to HFD fed rats from day 8 to 50 days for a period of 42 days. Body weight gain, serum lipids, insulin and leptin parameters were measured. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Oral feeding of the aqueous&lt;em&gt; Z. officinale&lt;/em&gt; extract (20 mg/kg) to HFD-induced obese rats for a period of 42 days resulted in significant reduction in body weight gain, insulin, leptin, lipids as compared to rats fed HFD alone. Further, the extract also showed significant increase in high density lipoprotein (HDL-C) levels.&lt;strong&gt; Discussion and Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; These results show that aqueous&lt;em&gt; Z. officinale&lt;/em&gt; extract possess significant anti-obesity potential.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">440</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Iram Nazish&lt;sup&gt;*1&lt;/sup&gt;, S H Ansari&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Poonam Arora&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Adil Ahmad&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, HK College of Pharmacy, Oshiwara, Mumbai, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jagdish Chandra Nagar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lalit Singh Chauhan</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evaluation of Antihyperglycemic and Antihyperlipidemic Activity of Leaf Extracts of Breynia vitis-idaea in Alloxan Induced Diabetic Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journals</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alloxan</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Breynia vitis-idaea</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Glibenclamide</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hypoglycemic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hypolipidemic.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">259-263</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim&lt;/strong&gt;: The present study was carried out to evaluate the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activity of alcohol and aqueous leaf extracts of &lt;em&gt;Breynia vitis-idaea&lt;/em&gt; (Burm. F.) Fischer in alloxan induced diabetic rats. &lt;strong&gt;Methods&lt;/strong&gt;: Diabetes was induced into albino Wistar rats by intraperitonial administration of alloxan (120 mg/kg). Normal and diabetic rats divided into different groups of six each. Alcohol and aqueous leaf extracts (300 mg/kg and 600 mg/kg) and standard drug (Glibenclamide 500 &amp;mu;g/kg) was administered orally for 21 days. Blood samples were collected from overnight fasted normal and diabetic rats on 0&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt;, 7&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt;, 14&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; and 21&lt;sup&gt;st&lt;/sup&gt; days of treatment. Hypoglycemic activity was evaluated by measuring serum glucose level and glycosylated haemoglobin level after dosing with aqueous and alcohol extracts. Hypolipidemic activity was evaluated by measuring various biochemical parameters like total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein, very low density lipoprotein, high density lipoprotein and phospholipids. &lt;strong&gt;Results&lt;/strong&gt;: Both the extracts significantly (P&amp;lt;0.001, p&amp;lt;0.01) reduced fasting blood glucose of alloxan diabetic rats in a dose-related manner, when compared to control and standard. They also have a significant recovery in the levels of parameters measured in lipid profile, when compared to control and standard group. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;: The present investigation established pharmacological evidence to support the folklore claim that it is used as hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic agent.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">259</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Jagdish Chandra Nagar&lt;sup&gt;1*&amp;nbsp;&lt;/sup&gt;and&amp;nbsp;Lalit Singh Chauhan&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;B. N. Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Udaipur-313001, Rajasthan, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mohan Lal Sukhadia University, Udaipur-313001,&amp;nbsp;Rajasthan, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mrinmoy Nag</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pulok k Mukherjee</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rajarshi Biswas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Joydeb Chanda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amit Kar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evaluation of Antimicrobial Potential of Some Indian Ayurvedic Medicinal Plants</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ananas comosus Merrill</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Annona squamosa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Capsicum annuum cayenne</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stereospermum suaveolens Roxb</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Viscum articulatum Burm.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">525-533</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Stereospermum suaveolens&lt;/em&gt; Roxb., &lt;em&gt;Viscum articulatum&lt;/em&gt; Burm., &lt;em&gt;Annona squamosa, Capsicum annuum&lt;/em&gt; cayenne, &lt;em&gt;Ananas comosus&lt;/em&gt; Merrill. are used for the management of microbial infection in Ayurveda. The present study was designed to standardize the extract of &lt;em&gt;S. suaveolens&lt;/em&gt; bark (SSB), &lt;em&gt;V. articulatum&lt;/em&gt; aerial part (VAAP), &lt;em&gt;A. squamosa&lt;/em&gt; leaf (ASL), &lt;em&gt;C. annuum&lt;/em&gt; fruit (CACF), &lt;em&gt;A. comosus&lt;/em&gt; fruit (ACF) and performed antibacterial activity. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The antibacterial activity of the five extracts were evaluated against certain bacteria such as &lt;em&gt;B. subtilis, B. cereus, S. aureus &lt;/em&gt;(gram positive); &lt;em&gt;E. coli, S. typhi,&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;P. aureugenosa&lt;/em&gt; (gram negative) by disc diffusion method, time course assay, pH sensitivity assay and minimum inhibitory concentration (MICs) through broth micro-dilution method. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The plants extracts VAAP, ASL, and CACF showed potent inhibitory activity against &lt;em&gt;S. aureus&lt;/em&gt; with MIC 728, 742, and 698 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;g ml&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;, respectively, while CACF showed inhibitory activity against &lt;em&gt;B. subtilis&lt;/em&gt; with MIC 690 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;g ml&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;. The results further demonstrated that the inhibitory activity of CACF against &lt;em&gt;E. coli &lt;/em&gt;with MIC 760 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;g ml&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;. &lt;em&gt;P. aeruginosa&lt;/em&gt; was inhibited by ASL and CACF with MIC 1100 and 1120 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;g ml&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;, respectively. The ASL showed notable MBC against the tested microorganism. Moreover, all extracts were completely inactivated bacterial strains (except &lt;em&gt;B. cereus, S. typhi&lt;/em&gt;) within 2-10 h of exposure, determined by time course assay. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The outcomes of our study elucidate that standardized extracts of &lt;em&gt;A. comosus, A. squamosa, C. annuum, S. suaveolens, &lt;/em&gt;and&lt;em&gt; V. articulatum&lt;/em&gt; may be used as natural antimicrobial agents.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">525</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mrinmoy Nag, Pulok k Mukherjee *, Rajarshi Biswas, Joydeb Chanda, Amit Kar &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata-700032, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michelline V. Marques Das Neves</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nathalia Diniz Araújo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eduardo De Jesus Oliveira</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maria De Fátima Agra</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leaf and Stem Anatomy and Histochemistry of Dalbergia ecastaphyllum</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ethnobotany</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fabaceae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genus Dalbergia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leguminosae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Red propolis</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">557-564</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dalbergia ecastaphyllum &lt;/em&gt;(L.) Taub. is a shrubby of Tropical America and Africa. It is recognized as the main botanical source of red-propolis, and also by its uses in folk medicine. This work was performed by light and scanning electron microscopy in order to carry out an anatomical and histochemical study of leaves and stems of this species,to find distinctive characters to support the quality control of its ethnodrugs and derivatives. The leaf epidermis is hypostomatic with straight to curved anticlinal cell walls, papillose on the abaxial surface, with thickened cuticle and coated with epiculticular waxes as rosette. The mesophyll is dorsiventral, with palisade 2-3-layered and the spongy 4-6-layered. The petiole and midrib have vascular system collateral. The stem is cylindrical, with an uniseriate epidermis coated with thickened cuticle and angular collenchyma. The vascular system is a continuous ectofloic siphonostele. Resin idioblasts are concentrated in the inner area of the vascular tissue of the midrib, petiole and stem. The leaf and stem anatomy and histochemistry of &lt;em&gt;D. ecastaphyllum&lt;/em&gt; provided distinctive characters for this species that can be used as an additional support for its taxonomy and for the quality control of their ethnodrugs.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">557</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Michelline V. Marques Das Neves&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Nathalia Diniz Ara&amp;uacute;jo&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Eduardo De Jesus Oliveira&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; and Maria De F&amp;aacute;tima Agra&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Laborat&amp;oacute;rio De Taxonomia E Farmacobot&amp;acirc;nica, Programa De P&amp;oacute;s-Gradua&amp;ccedil;&amp;atilde;o Em Produtos Naturais E Sint&amp;eacute;ticos Bioativos, Centro De Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal Da Para&amp;iacute;ba, Jo&amp;atilde;o Pessoa, Para&amp;iacute;ba, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Departamento De Ci&amp;ecirc;ncias Farmac&amp;ecirc;uticas, Universidade Federal Dos Vales Do Jequitinhonha E Mucur&amp;iacute;, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deepa Yadav</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohd Salim Reshi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sadhana Shrivastava</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nalini Srivastava</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sunil Kumar Koppala Narayana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sangeeta Shukla</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Macro-Microscopic evaluation, Physicochemical analysis and HPTLC Finger printing of Curculigo orchioides Gaertn. Rhizome</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Curculigo orchioides</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HPTLC fingerprinting</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognostic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quality control.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Standaridisation</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oct 2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">430-434</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Curculigo orchioides &lt;/em&gt;Gaertn. Family Hypoxydaceae (Amaryllidaceae) is a perennial herb with finger like rhizome. Its rhizomes have been significantly used in treatment of various ailments including cancer. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Macro-microscopic analyses, physico-chemical studies and HPTLC finger printing of rhizomes of &lt;em&gt;C. orchioides&lt;/em&gt; were performed according to pharmacopoeial procedures.&lt;strong&gt; Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Microscopic analysis has shown rows of rectangular and conical cells in cork, thin walled cortex, parenchymatous cells, starch grains, crystal of calcium oxalate, mucilage cell and spiral xylem vessel in the rhizomes of &lt;em&gt;C. orchioides&lt;/em&gt;. Physicochemical studies revealed loss on drying (10.469%), total ash (8.463%), acid insoluble ash (1.10%), water-soluble ash (2.163%), alcohol soluble extractive value (3.036%), and water-soluble extractive value (22.666%) of the raw drug. Ethanol extract of the plant were fingerprinted in petroleum ether and ethyl acetate (7.0:3.0) solvent system and scanned densitometrically after dipping in anisaldehyde-sulphuric acid reagent followed by heating at 105&amp;deg;C. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; These specific identities will be useful in identification and authentication of the raw drug in dried form.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">430</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Deepa Yadav&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Mohd Salim Reshi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Sadhana Shrivastava&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Nalini Srivastava&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sunil Kumar Koppala Narayana&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Sangeeta Shukla&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;UNESCO-Trace Element Satellite Center, School of Studies in Zoology, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;School of Studies in Biochemistry, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;SDM Center of Research in Ayurveda and Allied Sciences, Laxminarayana Nagar, Kuthpady, Udupi, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anjusha Sudhakaran</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gangaprasad Appukuttan Nair</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nutritional Evaluation of Fruits of Gynochthodes umbellata (L.) Razafim. &amp; B. Bremer – An Underutilized Edible Fruit Plant</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-nutritional analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morinda umbellata</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nutritional analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Underutilized edible fruit.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">09/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">72-76</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The present investigation aimed to assess the nutritional, mineral profiling and anti-nutritional analysis of &lt;em&gt;Gynochthodes umbellata&lt;/em&gt; (Syn. &lt;em&gt;Morinda umbellata&lt;/em&gt;), an underutilized edible plant belongs to the family Rubiaceae. Literature perusal reveals that, there are no previous reports on nutritional studies for this valuable fruit. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Nutritional, mineral profiling and anti-nutritional analysis of fruits were carried out. Results: In nutritional analysis, carbohydrates (6.98 g/100g fw), protein (2.68 g/100 g fw), crude fat (0.13 mg/g dw) and crude fibre (32.58%) content were detected. The fruits of &lt;em&gt;G. umbellata&lt;/em&gt;, Vitamin C (25 mg/100g fw) was higher when compared to other three vitamin evaluated, Four macro elements and 6 micro elements were also quantified. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Nutritional and Anti-nutritional analysis reveals that, the &lt;em&gt;G. umbellata&lt;/em&gt; fruits could be used as a source of protein, vitamin and minerals and highly recommended for consumption as they contain low amount of the anti&amp;ndash;nutrients analysed. This is the first report on nutritional analysis of &lt;em&gt;G. umbellata&lt;/em&gt; fruit.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">72</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Anjusha Sudhakaran and Gangaprasad Appukuttan Nair&lt;sup&gt;* &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Department of Botany, University of Kerala, Kariyavattom Campus, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695581, India.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ajeesh Krishna Thumadath Palayullaparambil</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adarsh Krishna Thumadath Palayullaparambil</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sanis Juliet</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kumuthakalavalli Renganathan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ramasubbu Raju</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sunil Athalathil</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reghu Ravindran</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leena Chandrashekar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suresh Narayanan Nair</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Srikanta Ghosh</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmaco-Chemical characterization and Acaricidal Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Chassalia Curviflora (Wall ex Kurz.) Thwaites.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acaricidal activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chassalia curviflora</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fecundity.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HPTLC</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmaco-chemical</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">R. (B.) annutatus</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">215-219</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;C. curviflora,&lt;/em&gt; an important ethno-medicinal plant used by the Kurichia local people in Western Ghats region of Wayanad is yet to be explored pharmacologically. It is used as paste on the body of cattle and birds for curing skin diseases. &lt;strong&gt;Objectives:&lt;/strong&gt; To characterize the pharmacochemical features and to study the acaricidal effect of ethanolic extract of &lt;em&gt;C. curviflora&lt;/em&gt; on engorged female ticks of &lt;em&gt;R. (B.) annutatus. &lt;/em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The pharmaco-chemical features such as physico-chemical, proximate, phytochemical, fluorescence, and HPTLC profiling were carried out using standard techniques. The pulverized leaves were subjected to soxhlet extraction using ethanol. The ethanolic extract at different concentrations (10% to 1.25%) was tested against ticks using adult immersion test (AIT). &lt;strong&gt;Result:&lt;/strong&gt; The preliminary phytochemical investigation showed high contents of saponins, alkaloids and flavonoids. The HPTLC profiling of ethanolic extract showed the presence of 14 polyvalent components. Based on AIT, the extract at 10% revealed 43.76% of inhibition of fecundity (IF) and 29.16% of adult tick mortality. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The results revealed that the extract has some active compounds that may influence in the reproductive system of female ticks.&lt;/p&gt;

</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">215</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ajeesh Krishna Thumadath Palayullaparambil&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Adarsh Krishna Thumadath Palayullaparambil&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sanis Juliet&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;*, Kumuthakalavalli Renganathan&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ramasubbu Raju&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Sunil Athalathil&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Reghu Ravindran&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Leena Chandrashekar&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Suresh Narayanan Nair&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Srikanta Ghosh&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt; &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, The Gandhigram Rural Institute-Deemed University, Gandigram, Dindigul-624 302, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Pookode-673 576, Wayanad, Kerala, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Pookode-673 576, Wayanad, Kerala, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Anatomy and Histology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Pookode-673 576, Wayanad, Kerala, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Division of Parasitology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, UP243122, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Javaid Ashraf Nowshehri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zulfiqar Ali Bhat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohammad Yaseen Shah</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognostic Standardisation and Phytochemical Evaluation on the Seeds of Two Vitis Vinefera L. Varieties Grown in Kashmir Valley, India</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grapes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hussaini</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Macroscopy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">microscopy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physicochemical</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sahibi.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oct 2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">465-470</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Grape (&lt;em&gt;Vitis vinifera L.&lt;/em&gt;) is one of the largest fruit crop widely grown throughout the world and their seeds are considered a relevant source of polyphenol compounds.&lt;strong&gt; Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To carry out phytochemical and pharmacognostic evaluation of the seeds of &lt;em&gt;Vitis vinifera&lt;/em&gt; L. Var sahibi and hussaini, family vitiaceae as per WHO guidelines. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; In present investigation, the detailed pharmacognostic studies were carried out in terms of organoleptic properties, macroscopical, microscopical characters, physicochemical parameters, preliminary phytochemical screening for major groups of compounds and other WHO recommended parameters for standardization of the seeds of &lt;em&gt;Vitis vinifera&lt;/em&gt; L. Var. sahibi and hussaini. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Macro and microscopic characters of &lt;em&gt;Vitis vinifera&lt;/em&gt; L. seeds Var. sahibi and hussaini were analyzed. Physicochemical parameters such as foreign matter, extractive values, ash content, pH and fluorescent behaviour of seed powder were done by using WHO recommended parameters. A preliminary phytochemical screening was done and revealed the presence of different phytoconstituents like carbohydrates, flavonoids, glycosides, tannins, sterols and fixed oil. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; This is the first report of its kind on the pharmacognostic studies of &lt;em&gt;Vitis vinifera&lt;/em&gt; L. seeds Var. sahibi and hussaini and will serve as valuable source of information towards establishing pharmacognostic standards on identification, purity, quality and classification.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">465</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Javaid Ashraf Nowshehri&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Zulfiqar Ali Bhat&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Mohammad Yaseen Shah&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vilash V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suja SR</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Latha PG</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aneesh Kumar AL</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ragesh R Nair</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S Rajasekharan</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physicochemical Evaluation and Pharmacognostical Standardization of Pellionia heyneana Wedd. Leaf</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cholanaikan tribe</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fluorescence analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Helicocytic stomata</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Powder microscopy.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">551-556</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pellionia heyneana&lt;/em&gt; Wedd. Leaves have long been employed as a traditional remedy by the Cholanaikan tribe of South India to treat various ailments. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Pharmacological and physicochemical evaluation of &lt;em&gt;P. heyneana&lt;/em&gt; leaf has been carried out to determine its macro and microscopic characters, and also some of its quantitative characters as per standard procedures. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The pharmacognostical evaluation of &lt;em&gt;P. heyneana&lt;/em&gt; leaves revealed the presence of characteristic microscopic features of the crude drug like cystoliths in upper epidermis, helicocytic stomata in lower epidermis, large number of peculiar shaped, huge (200-400 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;m) foliar sclereids, absence of palisade tissue in the lamina etc. Powder microscopy showed the presence of calcium oxalate crystals, stone cells, multicellular trichomes, resinous blocks, spiral vessels, xylem fibre, starch grains, simple fibre etc. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; All the parameters evaluated in the study will aid to identify the authenticity of &lt;em&gt;P. heyneana&lt;/em&gt; leaf even from the crushed or powdered form.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">551</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vilash V, Suja SR*, Latha PG, Aneesh Kumar AL, Ragesh R Nair and S Rajasekharan &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Palode, Kerala, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vidhya Unnikrishnan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karra Nishteswar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bhupesh R. Patel</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shelf Life Evaluation and Comparative HPTLC Profile of Hridya Yoga Churna</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Accelerated stability</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Churna</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HPTLC.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hridya Yoga</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shelf life</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">234-238</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Quality, safety and efficacy of medicines used form the back&amp;shy;bone of every health care system. Shelf‑life is the length of time, after which all substances start to degrade in their qualities and become unsuit&amp;shy;able for consumption or sale. The saviryatavadhi of churna is considered to be 2 months according to ayurvedic classics. The use of modern pack&amp;shy;aging technology and preservatives have increased the shelf life period of ayurvedic medicines and the shelf life period of churna is 2 years according to Rule 161‑B, Drugs and Cosmetics Act. To ascertain the quality, hridya yoga churna was taken up to assess its shelf life period. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Accelerated stability study (includes evaluation of organoleptic and physic-chemical parameters, assay of active constituents and microbial load) and Comparative HPTLC (High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography) were done to evaluate the shelf life of the Hridya yoga churna. Atomic absorp&amp;shy;tion spectrophotometry was done to analyze the heavy metal content in the sample. &lt;strong&gt;Results and Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;In the present study the shelf life period of Hridya yoga churna is found to be 3 years and 7 months. Similar R&lt;sub&gt;f &lt;/sub&gt;values obtained in HPTLC analysis of hridya yoga churna initially and after six months showed the minimum deterioration of the product. The presence of heavy metals namely arsenic, cadmium and lead were not detected and mercury was present within permissible limits.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">234</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vidhya Unnikrishnan&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;*, Karra Nishteswar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Bhupesh R. Patel&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Dravyaguna, Ph.D Scholar, IPGT &amp;amp; RA, Jamnagar, Gujarat-361008, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Dravyaguna, Ex-Professor &amp;amp; Head, IPGT &amp;amp; RA, Jamnagar, Gujarat-361008, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Dravyaguna, Asst.Professor, IPGT &amp;amp; RA, Jamnagar, Gujarat-361008, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Iman Nasrollahi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ebrahim Talebi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zahra Nemati</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Study on Silybum marianum Seed through Fatty Acids Comparison, Peroxide Tests, Refractive Index and Oil Percentage</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Extraction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fatty Acids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Milk Thistle</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oil</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peroxide</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">595-597</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;In this study, &lt;em&gt;milk thistle&lt;/em&gt; seeds were collected from four regions of Iran (Ahvaz, Lorestan, Kazeroon and Zarghan). The oil extracted from seeds of plant using n-hexane solvent extraction soxhlet. The extracted oil was analyzed by gas chromatography and fatty acids were identified in all four samples. In all four samples, the oil refractive index of &lt;em&gt;Milk thistle&lt;/em&gt; oil fatty acids vis. Linoleic acid, Oleic acid, Palmitic acid was evaluated. The Peroxide test and determination of oil percentage was performed in &lt;em&gt;Milk thistle&lt;/em&gt; seed oil.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">595</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Iman Nasrollahi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;*, Ebrahim Talebi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Zahra Nemati&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Young Researchers and Elite Club, Darab Branch, Islamic Azad University, Darab, Fars, Iran&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Shiraz branch Islamic Azad university , Shiraz , Fars, IRAN.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vijay Kumar Matta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Praveen Kumar Pasala</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Silvia Netala</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Satish Pandrinki</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prasad Konduri</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti Hypertensive Activity of the Ethanolic Extract of Lantana camara leaves on high salt loaded wistar albino rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EELC (Ethanolic extract of Lantana camara leaves)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hypertension</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) and Normotensive rats (NTR).</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wistar albino rats</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">01/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">289-295</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Hypertension is the most common and major cardiovascular disease. There is an urgent need for treament of hypertension by exploration of several medicinal plants having potent anti hypertensive activity as the modern medicines are having many side effects. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The study focus on scientific evaluation of antihypertensive activity of ethanolic extract of &lt;em&gt;Lantana camara&lt;/em&gt; leaves (EELC) in different experimental models. &lt;strong&gt;Material &amp;amp; methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Antihypertensive activity was conducted on wister albino rats by determining serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), creatinine and Sodium levels by using Semi Autoanalyser and Flame photometer; chick mean arterial blood pressure by using condon&amp;rsquo;s mercury manometer and isolated frog heart for recording cardic responses using student kymograph. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; EELC produced negative inotropic and negative chronotropic effect, antagonised by atropine on isolated frog heart. EELC shows dose dependent (p&amp;lt;0.05) decreased mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) in anaesthetic chick. Salt treated rats displayed significant (p&amp;lt;0.05) increase in blood level of SGOT, SGPT, Creatinine and sodium, decrease in pottassim levels in comparision with normal rats. Treatment with EELC (200 and 400 mg/kg) significantly balanced the ionic levels such as lower the sodium and elevate the potassium levels. Creatinine levels were signifi-cantly (p&amp;lt;0.05) reduced by the treatment with EELC. There are no significant changes occurred in serum SGOT and SGPT upon EELC administration. The present study suggests that treatment of salt hypertensive rats with EELC protects against renal injuries.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; It was concluded that ethanolic extract of &lt;em&gt;Lantana camara&lt;/em&gt; leaves reduces work load of heart, maintain inotonic levels by negative chronotropic effect, relaxes the smooth muscles in chick and salt hypertensive rats against renal and vascular injuries is proved.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">289</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vijay Kumar Matta, Praveen Kumar Pasala&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;, Silvia Netala, Satish Pandrinki and Prasad Konduri &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Shri Vishnu College of Pharmacy, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ameyaw Elvis Ofori</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boampong Johnson Nyarko</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kyei Samuel</style></author></secondary-authors><tertiary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Woode Eric</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biny Peter Robert</style></author></tertiary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-Nociceptive Synergism of Pregabalin and Xylopic acid Co-administration in Paclitaxel-induced Neuropathy: Isobolographic Analysis</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Isobolograms</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neuropathic pain</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paclitaxel</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">xylopic acid</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nov-Dec 2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">363-368</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">363</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ameyaw Elvis Ofori&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Woode Eric&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Kyei Samuel&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Biny Peter Robert&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; and Boampong Johnson Nyarko&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biomedical and Forensic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana. 2Department of Optometry, School of Physical Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana. 3Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ameyaw Elvis Ofori</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Woode Eric</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kyei Samuel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biny Peter Robert</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boampong Johnson Nyarko</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-Nociceptive Synergism of Pregabalin and Xylopic acid Co-administration in Paclitaxel-induced Neuropathy: Isobolographic Analysis</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Isobolograms</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neuropathic pain</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paclitaxel</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toxicity.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">xylopic acid</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7th July 2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">55-57</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Paclitaxel-induced neuropathy still remains a clinical problem for patients undergoing chemotherapy. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;The objective of the study was to determine the interaction between xylopic acid and pregabalinco-administration as well as their toxicity in paclitaxel-induced neuropathy. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Neuropathic pain was induced in rats with 2 mg/kg of paclitaxel on alternative days for four days (days 0, 2, 4 and 6). Equi effective doses of xylopic acid and pregabalin that produced 50% anti-nociception (ED50) were determined from their log-dose response curves in the cold allodynia and thermal pain tests. Xylopic acid and pregabalin were again administered to rats in a fixed ratio combination (1:1) of their ED50&amp;rsquo;sin order to determine the experimental ED50 (Zexp) of the co-administered compounds. Isobolograms were constructed to compare the Zexp to a theoretical ED50 (Zadd). Blood samples from the various treatment groups of rats were collected for toxicological assessment of the co-administered compounds. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The Zexplay below the Zadd on the isobologram of the cold allodnia test. The co-administration exhibited additivity in the thermal pain test. The co-administration did not produce significant (p&amp;gt;0.05) toxicity in rats. The co-administration may be beneficial in paclitaxel-induced neuropathy.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;/strong&gt; Isobolograms, Neuropathic pain, Paclitaxel, xylopic acid, Toxicity.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ameyaw Elvis Ofori&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Woode Eric&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Kyei Samuel&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Biny Peter Robert&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Boampong Johnson Nyarko&lt;sup&gt;1 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biomedical and Forensic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Optometry, School of Physical Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gargi Nag</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sukriti Das</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Susmita Das</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suvra Mandal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bratati De</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant, anti-acetylcholinesterase and anti-glycosidase properties of three species of Swertia, their xanthones and amarogentin: A comparative study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acetylcholinesterase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Glycosidase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Swertia Sp.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Xanthone</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">27th Dec, 2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">117-123</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim: &lt;/strong&gt;The aim of the study was to analyze the antioxidant, anti-amylase, anti-glucosidase and antiacetylcholinesterase (anti-AChE) properties of the leafy shoots of three Indian species of &lt;em&gt;Swertia&lt;/em&gt; e.g. &lt;em&gt;Swertia chirata&lt;/em&gt; and its substitutes &lt;em&gt;Swertia bimaculata,&lt;/em&gt; and Swertia decussata, their xanthones and amarogentin. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Antioxidant activity of the methanolic extracts of leafy shoots was measured in terms of DPPH, superoxide and nitric oxide radical scavenging activities as well as metal chelating properties. Enzyme inhibitory properties were measured using AChE, &amp;alpha;-amylase and &amp;alpha;-glucosidase respectively. Five xanthones bellidifolin (1), swerchirin (2), decussatin (3), mangiferin (4) and 1-hydroxy-3,5,8-trimethoxy xanthone (6) and one iridoid, amarogentin (5) were isolated from &lt;em&gt;Swertia chirata&lt;/em&gt;. The activities of the isolated components were compared. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Swertia chirata&lt;/em&gt; exhibited best antioxidant and anti-AChE properties than the other two species. The plants also possessed &amp;alpha;-glucosidase inhibitory properties but weak &amp;alpha;-amylase inhibitory activity. Highest activities were observed in &lt;em&gt;Swertia chirata&lt;/em&gt;. We report here, for the first time, the antioxidant, anti-AChE and anti-glycosidase activity of 1-hydroxy-3,5,8-trimethoxy xanthone. This xanthone had strongest DPPH radical scavenging activity and anti-AChE property. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The results suggest the beneficial effects of the xanthones of &lt;em&gt;Swertia chirata&lt;/em&gt;. But further study should be carried out to prove the efficacy &lt;em&gt;in vivo. &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt; Swertia Sp.,&lt;/em&gt; Xanthone, Glycosidase, Acetylcholinesterase, Antioxidant.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">117</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Gargi Nag&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Sukriti Das&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Susmita Das&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Suvra Mandal&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Bratati De&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Phytochemistry and Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Centre of Advanced Study, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, India&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, National Research Institute of Ayurvedic Drug Development, Bidhannagar, Kolkata 700091, India&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gargi Nag</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sukriti Das</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Susmita Das</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bratati De</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suvra Mandal</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant, anti-acetylcholinesterase and anti-glycosidase properties of three species of Swertia, their xanthones and amarogentin: A comparative study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acetylcholinesterase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Glycosidase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Swertia Sp.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Xanthone</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mar-Apr 2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">117-123</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim:&lt;/strong&gt; The aim of the study was to analyze the antioxidant, anti-amylase, anti-glucosidase and antiacetylcholinesterase (anti-AChE) properties of the leafy shoots of three Indian species of Swertia e.g. Swertia chirata and its substitutes Swertia bimaculata, and Swertia decussata, their xanthones and amarogentin. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Antioxidant activity of the methanolic extracts of leafy shoots was measured in terms of DPPH, superoxide and nitric oxide radical scavenging activities as well as metal chelating properties. Enzyme inhibitory properties were measured using AChE, &amp;alpha;-amylase and &amp;alpha;-glucosidase respectively. Five xanthones bellidifolin (1), swerchirin (2), decussatin (3), mangiferin (4) and 1-hydroxy-3,5,8-trimethoxy xanthone (6) and one iridoid, amarogentin (5) were isolated from Swertia chirata. The activities of the isolated components were compared. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Swertia chirata exhibited best antioxidant and anti-AChE properties than the other two species. The plants also possessed &amp;alpha;-glucosidase inhibitory properties but weak &amp;alpha;-amylase inhibitory activity. Highest activities were observed in Swertia chirata. We report here, for the first time, the antioxidant, anti-AChE and anti-glycosidase activity of 1-hydroxy-3,5,8-trimethoxy xanthone. This xanthone had strongest DPPH radical scavenging activity and anti-AChE property. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The results suggest the beneficial effects of the xanthones of Swertia chirata. But further study should be carried out to prove the efficacy in vivo&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">117</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Gargi Nag&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt; Sukriti Das&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Susmita Das&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Suvra Mandal&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Bratati De&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Phytochemistry and Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Centre of Advanced Study, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, India 2Department of Chemistry, National Research Institute of Ayurvedic Drug Development, Bidhannagar, Kolkata 700091, India&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jeksy Jos Manalil</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Indu Muraleedharan Suseela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smitha Koyickalmadhom Ramavarma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arunaksharan Narayanankutty</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Achuthan Chathrattil Raghavamenon</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Component Authentication and Standardisation of an Anti-atherosclerotic Herbal Formulation-GSTC3</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HPTLC</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical screening</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polyherbal formulation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Powder microscopy</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nov-Dec 2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">339-343</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Context: &lt;/strong&gt;Polyherbal drugs in traditional medicine have been time-tested for treatment of a wide variety of chronic ailments. Aims: To determine constituent components in an in-house designed polyherbal formulation GSTC3 and evaluation of consistency in preparation. Settings and Design: In this study, a hypolipidemic formulation was created using well known plant extracts such as Commiphora mukul (Hook. ex Stocks.) Eng. (Burseraceae), Salacia reticulata Wight (Celastraceae), Terminalia arjuna (Roxb.) Wight and Arn (Combretaceae) and Curcuma longa Linn (Zingiberaceae). &lt;strong&gt;Methods and Material:&lt;/strong&gt; The authentication of individual plant powders was performed using techniques such as powder microscopy and characterised according to Ayurvedic pharmacopeia of India. Phytochemical screening, HPTLC analysis and physicochemical parameters were also determined.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The powder microscopic analysis of the individual components served as an authentication for source of plants used. Phytochemical screening ascertained that active classes of compounds reported in the individual extracts such as steroids, terpenoids and polyphenols came into the formulation. Finally, HPTLC analysis of three different batches of GSTC3 ensured stability and integrity in batch to batch preparations. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Experimental studies have revealed the antioxidant, antiinflammatory, anti-lipidemic and anti-thrombotic efficacy of GSTC3. This standardisation procedure is essential for further development of GSTC3 into an efficient anti-atherosclerotic drug candidate&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">339</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Jeksy Jos Manalil, Indu Muraleedharan Suseela, Smitha Koyickalmadhom Ramavarma, Arunaksharan Narayanankutty and Achuthan Chathrattil Raghavamenon*&lt;/strong&gt; Department of Biochemistry, Amala Cancer Research Centre, Recognized by University of Calicut, Amala Nagar, Thrissur-680 555, India&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deepa Chundayil Kalarickal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sujith Samraj</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Darsana Udayan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Priya Manakkulaparambil Narayanan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sreedevi Ramachandran</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sreeshitha Sreedharan Gouri</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effect of various extracts of Ocimum sanctum and Mallotus phillipensis on Setaria digitata</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Albendazole</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anthelmintic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mallotus phillipensis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ociumum sanctum</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Setaria digitata</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nov-Dec 2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">344-347</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;The anthelmintic activity of various extracts of leaves of Ocimum sanctum and Mallotus phillipensis was assessed in vitro against Setaria digitata. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The leaves of Ocimum sanctum and Mallotus phillipensis were collected and were extracted using methanol, dried and stored under refrigeration till further use. The aqueous extract was taken as a decoction. The methanolic extract was further fractionated by taking solvents of increasing polarity viz, hexane, chloroform, n-butanol and water. The extract as well as the fractions were analysed qualitatively for various phytochemical constituents. Fresh nematodes (Setaria digitata) were recovered manually from the peritoneum of infested buffalo, were washed and transferred to the extract containing petriplates (concentrations of 50, 25, 12.5, 6.25, 3.125 and 1.56 mg/ml) immediately and the motility/death of Setaria digitata was noted. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The presence of flavonoids and tannins were detected in all the extracts where was phenolics as absent in the hexane fraction. The methanolic extract of Tulsi and Kamla produced death of nematodes in concentrations of 3.125 mg/ml and the extract of tulsi was found to be more potent. Similar results were also observed in the case of hydro alcoholic extract whereas the aqueous extract showed no effect. The chloroform fraction of Ocimum sanctum and n-butanol and chloroform fractions of Mallotus were equally potent in inhibiting the motility and producing death of the worms. The control drug, albendazole produced death in 30 minutes in both the concentrations. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; It could be concluded that higher doses of the extract are as potent as albendazole.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">344</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Deepa Chundayil Kalarickal, Sujith Samraj*, Darsana Udayan, Priya Manakkulaparambil Narayanan, Sreedevi Ramachandran and Sreeshitha Sreedharan Gouri&lt;/strong&gt; Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pookode Kerala, India.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kumar Shweta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Balakrishnan N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lakshmi P. K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toppo F. A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toppo F. A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pawar RS</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognostical and phytochemical evaluation of Ventilago calyculata Tul. (Bark)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">standardization</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">total flavonoid content</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">total phenolic content</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ventilago denticulata Willd</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ventilago madraspatana var. calyculata (Tul.) King.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">29th Apr, 2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-1</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ventilago calyculata&lt;/em&gt; Tul. (&amp;lsquo;kevati&amp;rsquo;), is found throughout India as climbing shrub. It is widely used in various traditional system of medicine.&lt;strong&gt; Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;In the present work pharmacognostical standardization has been developed for the systematic identification of the bark of Ventilago calyculata. Phenols and flavonoids were also quantified. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Morphological, microscopical and phytochemical studies were performed. Various physicochemical parameters conforming the identity, quality, purity of the bark. The quantity of phenols and flavonoids were estimated. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The bark was oval, brownish yellow, bitter with characteristic odour and rough texture. The microscopical studies revealed the presence of cork with brownish contents, crimson inner cork, collenchyma, cellulosic parenchyma with cuboidal calcium oxalate crystals and schlereids. The total ash value, acid insoluble ash value and water soluble ash values of stem bark were found to be 15% w/w, 3.4% w/w and 11.6% w/w respectively. The percentage yields, total phenolic content and the total flavonoid content of the petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, ethanol and aqueous extracts were 2.77% w/w, 2.66% w/w, 3.8% w/w, 5.8% w/w, 11.0% w/w; 2.16 &amp;plusmn; 0.04, 4.16 &amp;plusmn; 1.04, 9.12 &amp;plusmn; 1.14, 7.16&amp;plusmn;1.16, 1.16&amp;plusmn;1.02 mg/g (gallic acid equivalent) and 4.5 &amp;plusmn; 0.55, 8.20 &amp;plusmn; 1.12, 10.1 &amp;plusmn; 0. 26, 6.5 &amp;plusmn; 1.3, 0.66 &amp;plusmn; 1.13 mg/g (rutin equivalent) respectively. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;There was a need to evaluate the extracts of the plant in order to provide scientific proof for its application and to explore the possibility of treating various diseases and disorders. Literature review indicates that very less work has been done on this plant and there is a wide scope for investigation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key Words:&lt;/strong&gt; Standardization, Total flavonoid content, Total phenolic content, Ventilago denticulata Willd, Ventilago madraspatana var. calyculata (Tul.) King.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Kumar Shweta&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Balakrishnan N&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Lakshmi P. K&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Toppo F. A&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; and Pawar R. S&lt;sup&gt;2* &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Technocrats Institute of Technology-Pharmacy, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462021, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, VNS Group of Institutions, Neelbud, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh,462044, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shweta Kumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Balakrishnan Natarajan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lakshmi Puthanparambil Kanakamma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toppo Fedelic Ashish</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rajesh Singh Pawar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognostical and Phytochemical evaluation of Ventilago calyculata Tul. (Bark)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">standardization</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">total flavonoid content</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">total phenolic content</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ventilago denticulata Willd</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ventilago madraspatana var. calyculata (Tul.) King.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">01/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">271-275</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Ventilago calyculata&lt;/em&gt; Tul. (&amp;lsquo;kevati&amp;rsquo;), is found throughout India as climbing shrub. It is widely used in various traditional system of medicine. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; In the present work pharmacognostical standardization has been developed for the systematic identification of the bark of &lt;em&gt;Ventilago calyculata&lt;/em&gt;. Phenols and flavonoids were also quantified. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Morphological, microscopical and phytochemical studies were performed. Various physicochemical parameters conforming the identity, quality, purity of the bark. The quantity of phenols and flavonoids were estimated. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The bark was oval, brownish yellow, bitter with characteristic odour and rough texture. The microscopical studies revealed the presence of cork with brownish contents, crimson inner cork, collenchyma, cellulosic parenchyma with cuboidal calcium oxalate crystals and schlereids. The total ash value, acid insoluble ash value and water soluble ash values of stem bark were found to be 15% w/w, 3.4% w/w and 11.6% w/w respectively. The percentage yields, total phenolic content and the total flavonoid content of the petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, ethanol and aqueous extracts were 2.77% w/w, 2.66% w/w, 3.8% w/w, 5.8% w/w, 11.0% w/w; 2.16 &amp;plusmn; 0.04, 4.16 &amp;plusmn; 1.04, 9.12 &amp;plusmn; 1.14, 7.16&amp;plusmn;1.16, 1.16 &amp;plusmn;1.02 mg/g (gallic acid equivalent) and 4.5 &amp;plusmn; 0.55, 8.20 &amp;plusmn; 1.12, 10.1 &amp;plusmn; 0. 26, 6.5 &amp;plusmn; 1.3, 0.66 &amp;plusmn; 1.13 mg/g (rutin equivalent) respectively. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; There was a need to evaluate the extracts of the plant in order to provide scientific proof for its application and to explore the possibility of treating various diseases and disorders. Literature review indicates that very less work has been done on this plant and there is a wide scope for investigation.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">271</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Shweta Kumar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Balakrishnan Natarajan&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Lakshmi Puthanparambil Kanakamma&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Toppo Fedelic Ashish&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; and Rajesh Singh Pawar&lt;sup&gt;2*&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Technocrats Institute of Technology-Pharmacy, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462021, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, VNS Group of Institutions, Neelbud, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462044, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Govindappa Melappa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ara Roshan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chanduri Nithi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thouseef Syed Mohummed</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Channabasava</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yerappa Lakshmikanth Ramachandra</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chandrappa Chinna Poojari</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical analysis and in vitro antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxicity activities of wood rotting fungi, Trametes ochracea</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-inflammatory</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytotoxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemicals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trametes ochracea</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8th Jan, 2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">136-146</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The present research was aimed to identify the metabolites in the methaolic and hexane extract of Trametes ochracea and evaluated these extracts to know their &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; biological activities. Materials and methods Two solvent extracts of T.&lt;em&gt; ochracea&lt;/em&gt; was subjected to phytochemical analysis. The two solvent extracts were subjected to &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; biological activity viz., antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytoxicity assays. &lt;strong&gt;Results&lt;/strong&gt;: The methanol extract yielded important phytochemicals viz., saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids, phenols and tannins compared to hexane. The methanolic extract has shown strong antioxidant activity in all tested &lt;strong&gt;methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The methanol extract was effectively inhibited the heat induced hemolysis, antilipoxygenase activity and also stabilized the membrane, avoided the membrane denaturation, proteinase and xanthine oxidase inhibition.The onion root meristametic cells were inhibited due to toxicity of methanol extract by possessing various cellular abnormalities in various stages of actively growing cells. The yeast cells were dead due to toxicity of methanol extract by possessing cell necrosis and also fragmented the cell DNA. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; The obtained results clearly indicates that Trametes ochracea methanol extract is having potent phytochemicals, which plays important role in antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxicity assays. The further research is needed to identify the exact mechanism is by action of one or combination of active phytochemicals.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt; Trametes ochracea&lt;/em&gt;, Phytochemicals, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Cytotoxicity.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">136</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Govindappa Melappa&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Ara Roshan&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Chanduri Nithi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Thouseef Syed Mohummed&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Channabasava&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; Chandrappa Chinna Poojari and Yerappa Lakshmikanth Ramachandra&lt;sup&gt;2 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biotechnology, Shridevi Institute of Engineering &amp;amp; Technology, Sira Road, Tumkur-572 106, Karnataka, India&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of P.G. Studies and Research in Biotechnology &amp;amp; Bioinformatics, Kuvempu University, Jnana Sahyadri, Shankaraghatta Shimoga, Karnataka -577 451, India.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Govindappa Melappa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ara Roshan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chanduri Nithi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thouseef Syed Mohummed</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Channabasava</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chandrappa Chinna Poojari</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yerappa Lakshmikanth Ramachandra</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical analysis and in vitro antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxicity activities of wood rotting fungi, Trametes ochracea</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-inflammatory</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytotoxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemicals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trametes ochracea</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mar-Apr 2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">136-146</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The present research was aimed to identify the metabolites in the methaolic and hexane extract of Trametes ochracea and evaluated these extracts to know their in vitro biological activities. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Two solvent extracts of T. ochracea was subjected to phytochemical analysis. The two solvent extracts were subjected to in vitro biological activity viz., antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytoxicity assays. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The methanol extract yielded important phytochemicals viz., saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids, phenols and tannins compared to hexane. The methanolic extract has shown strong antioxidant activity in all tested methods. The methanol extract was effectively inhibited the heat induced hemolysis, antilipoxygenase activity and also stabilized the membrane, avoided the membrane denaturation, proteinase and xanthine oxidase inhibition.The onion root meristametic cells were inhibited due to toxicity of methanol extract by possessing various cellular abnormalities in various stages of actively growing cells. The yeast cells were dead due to toxicity of methanol extract by possessing cell necrosis and also fragmented the cell DNA.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The obtained results clearly indicates that Trametes ochracea methanol extract is having potent phytochemicals, which plays important role in antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxicity assays. The further research is needed to identify the exact mechanism is by action of one or combination of active phytochemicals.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">136</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Govindappa Melappa&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Ara Roshan&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Chanduri Nithi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Thouseef Syed Mohummed&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Channabasava&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Yerappa Lakshmikanth Ramachandra&lt;sup&gt;2 &lt;/sup&gt;and Chandrappa Chinna Poojari&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biotechnology, Shridevi Institute of Engineering &amp;amp; Technology, Sira Road, Tumkur-572 106, Karnataka, India 2Department of P.G. Studies and Research in Biotechnology &amp;amp; Bioinformatics, Kuvempu University, Jnana Sahyadri, Shankaraghatta Shimoga, Karnataka -577 451, India.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">G Phani Kumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">K R Anila kumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S Naveen</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemicals Having Neuroprotective Properties from Dietary Sources and Medicinal Herbs</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dietary sources.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medicinal herbs</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neuroprotection</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nootropics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemicals</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">01/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-17</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Many neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer&amp;#39;s disease, anxiety, cerebrovascular
impairment, depression, seizures, Parkinson&amp;#39;s disease, etc. are predominantly appearing in the current era due to the stress full lifestyle. Treatment of these disorders with prolonged administration of synthetic drugs will lead to severe side effects. In the recent years, scientists have focused the attention of research towards phytochemicals to cure neurological disorders. Nootropic herb refers to the medicinal role of various plants/parts for their neuroprotective properties by the active phytochemicals including alkaloids, steroids, terpenoids, saponins, phenolics, flavonoids, etc. Phytocompounds from medicinal plants play a major part in maintaining the brain&amp;#39;s chemical balance by acting upon the function of receptors for the major inhibitory neurotransmitters. Medicinal plants viz. &lt;em&gt;Valeriana officinalis&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Nardostachys jatamansi&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Withania somnifera&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Bacopa monniera, Ginkgo biloba and Panax ginseng&lt;/em&gt; have been used widely in a variety of traditional systems of therapy because of their adaptogenic, psychotropic and neuroprotective properties. This review highlights the importance of phytochemicals on neuroprotective function and other related disorders, in particular their mechanism of action and therapeutic potential.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Review Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;G. Phani Kumar*, K.R. Anila kumar and S. Naveen&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Applied Nutrition Division, Defence Food Research Laboratory (DRDO), Ministry of Defence, India&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">G Phani Kumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">K.R. Anilakumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S. Naveen</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemicals Having Neuroprotective Properties from Dietary Sources and Medicinal Herbs</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dietary sources.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medicinal herbs</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neuroprotection</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nootropics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemicals</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">27th Nov, 2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">01-17</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Many neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer&amp;#39;s disease, anxiety, cerebrovascular impairment, depression, seizures, Parkinson&amp;#39;s disease, etc. are predominantly appearing in the current era due to the stress full lifestyle. Treatment of these disorders with prolonged administration of synthetic drugs will lead to severe side effects. In the recent years, scientists have focused the attention of research towards phytochemicals to cure neurological disorders. Nootropic herb refers to the medicinal role of various plants/parts for their neuroprotective properties by the active phytochemicals including alkaloids, steroids, terpenoids, saponins, phenolics, flavonoids, etc. Phytocompounds from medicinal plants play a major part in maintaining the brain&amp;#39;s chemical balance by acting upon the function of receptors for the major inhibitory neurotransmitters. Medicinal plants viz. &lt;em&gt;Valeriana officinalis, Nardostachys jatamansi, Withania somnifera, Bacopa monniera, Ginkgo biloba and Panax ginseng&lt;/em&gt; have been used widely in a variety of traditional systems of therapy because of their adaptogenic, psychotropic and neuroprotective properties. This review highlights the importance of phytochemicals on neuroprotective function and other related disorders, in particular their mechanism of action and therapeutic potential.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;/strong&gt; Neuroprotection, Phytochemicals, Medicinal herbs, Nootropics, Dietary sources.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Review Articles</style></work-type><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">G. Phani Kumar, K.R. Anilakumar and S. Naveen</style></custom1><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;G. Phani Kumar&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;, K.R. Anilakumar and S. Naveen &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Applied Nutrition Division, Defence Food Research Laboratory (DRDO), Ministry of Defence, India&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Murad Abualhasan,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nidal Jaradat,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nael Abu-Hasan,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Motasem Almasri,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adham Abu Taha,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ahmad Rabbaa,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Noor Natsheh,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sajed Shalalfeh,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Majdi Najib.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bioactivity of Viscum album extracts from Olive and Almond host plants in Palestine</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimicrobial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prothrombin time</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Viscum album</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">18th Feb,2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">117-123</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Viscum album&lt;/em&gt; is a semi-parasitic medicinal plant which has been used for many years as a remedy in traditional medicine. The plant is widely used in folk medicine in Palestine; mainly in the treatment of cancer, diabetes and heart disease. Since no previous reports on bio activity of this plant in association with host plant specificity in Palestine, the current study aimed at evaluating bio activity of almond and olive variants of this plant. &lt;strong&gt;Method:&lt;/strong&gt; Methanolic extract of&lt;em&gt;viscum album&lt;/em&gt; cultivated from almond and olive host plants were tested for antioxidant, antimicrobial . Prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) were also used to assess anticoagulant activities of plant extracts. &lt;strong&gt;Result:&lt;/strong&gt; The result demonstrated that &lt;em&gt;Viscum album&lt;/em&gt; have an IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of 25.34&amp;plusmn;3.8&amp;mu;g/ml when hosted by olive while the IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; was 15.37&amp;plusmn;2.2&amp;mu;g/ml when hosted by almond. Crude extracts of both &lt;em&gt;Viscum album&lt;/em&gt; plants showed strong inhibition effects on the growth of the studied Staphylococcus aureus strains (ATCC 25923 and MRSA) with a pronounced effect when extracts of almond host was used. However, the effects of both host extracts were very limited or absent when tested against Gram-negative reference and clinical strains. Plant extracts of both host showed prolonged PT and PTT compared to phosphate buffered saline control solution. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; In conclusion, variations in the bioactivity of &lt;em&gt;Viscum album&lt;/em&gt; is clearly influenced by host type and further studies required to illustrate such variations using other host plants.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Viscum album&lt;/em&gt;, Antioxidant, Prothrombin time, Antimicrobial.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">117</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Murad Abualhasan&lt;sup&gt;*,a&lt;/sup&gt;, Nidal Jaradat&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;, Nael Abu-Hasan&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt;, Motasem Almasri&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt;, Adham Abu Taha&lt;sup&gt;c&lt;/sup&gt;, Ahmad Rabbaa&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;, Noor Natsheh&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;, Sajed Shalalfeh&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt; and Majdi Najib&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;d &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, An-Najah National University, Nablus-Palestine&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, An-Najah National University, Nablus-Palestine&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;c&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Bio-Medical Sciences, Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, An-Najah National University, Nablus-Palestine&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;d&lt;/sup&gt;Pharmacy Directorate, MoH-Palestine.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amrit Kumar Singh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dharam Paul Attrey</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tanveer Naved</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Comparative Studies on Antioxidant Activity, Total Phenol Content and High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography Analysis of Seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L) Leaves</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">75% ethanolic extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">High performance Thin layer Chromatography</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">seabuckthorn</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">total phenol content</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2nd July 2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5-8</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Seabuckthorn (SBT) is a high altitude medicinal plant with vast history of use in traditional medicinal systems such as Tibetan and Chinese systems. SBT leaves have shown range of pharmacological properties suggesting their importance to be used for product development. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;The aim of this study was to compare 75% ethanolic extracts of male and female SBT leaves on the basis of antioxidant activity, total phenol content and high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) estimation of &amp;beta;-sitosterol and ursolic acid. It also involved comparison of total phenol contents of successive soxhlet extracts (pet ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, ethanol, and aqueous) of above leaves. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Antioxidant activities and total phenol contents of the extracts were evaluated by using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl free radical scavenging assay and Folin&amp;ndash;Ciocalteu reagent based assay, respectively. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Male leaf extract was found to show signifi cantly higher antioxidant activity and total phenol content than that of female leaves. Furthermore, the successive extracts of male leaves showed higher phenol contents than that of female leaves. However, it was not signifi cant in case of pet ether and chloroform extracts. In HPTLC estimation, concentration of &amp;beta;-sitosterol in female leaf extract was observed to be less than that of male leaf extract. However, ursolic acid concentration was found to be almost same in both the type of leaf extracts. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The results suggest the need for developing standard quality control profi le of SBT leaves, especially for product development.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;/strong&gt; Antioxidant activity, 75% ethanolic extract, high performance thin layer chromatography, seabuckthorn, total phenol content.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Amrit Kumar Singh&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Prakash Deep&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Suchita Dubey&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Dharam Paul Attrey&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Tanveer Naved&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3 &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow Campus, Uttar Pradesh, India,&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Amity Institute of Seabuckthorn Research, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida Campus, Uttar Pradesh, India,&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida Campus, Uttar Pradesh, India.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sumit R Deore,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ajay G Namdeo</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognostic Investigation of Cynodon dactylon Pers Roots</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cynodon dactylon</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">18th Feb,2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">01-06</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cynodon dactylon&lt;/em&gt; (L.) Pers. family (Graminae/poaceae) occupies its unique place and key position in ethnomedicinal practices and traditional medical (Ayurvedic, Unani, Nepalese, and Chinese) knowledge systems but according to best of our knowledge lack is done on its standardization of the herb for its quality control and authenticity. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To evaluate the morphological and microscopical characters of &lt;em&gt;Cynodon dactylon&lt;/em&gt; Pers roots collected from Maharashtra region and its phytochemical and physicochemical analysis. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Microscopic, macroscopic characters and fluorescence analysis of roots samples were analyzed. The physicochemical properties such as loss on drying, total ash value, acid insoluble ash, water soluble ash value and extractive values of &lt;em&gt;Cynodon dactylon&lt;/em&gt; were carried out. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The detailed microscopy revealed the presence wide cortex, intact epidermis, wide circular metaxylem and parenchymatous cells loaded with starch grain. Preliminary phytochemical investigation revealed the presence of carbohydrates, flavonoids, phenols and tannins. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; This is first report on the pharmacognostic studies of &lt;em&gt;Cynodon dactylon&lt;/em&gt; and is helpful in laying down identification, standardization and pharmacopeial standards.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sumit R Deore and Ajay G Namdeo&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Poona College of Pharmacy, Pune- 411038.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zlatina Kokanova-Nedialkova</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paraskev T. Nedialkov</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stefan D. Nikolov</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognostic investigations of the aerial parts of Chenopodium foliosum Asch. and radical-scavenging activities of five flavonoids isolated from methanol extract of the plant</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ABTS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chenopodium</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DPPH</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">phytochemical investigations</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">26th May 2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">43-48</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Chenopodium foliosum&lt;/em&gt; Asch. also known in Bulgarian folk medicine as &amp;ldquo;garliche&amp;rdquo; or &amp;ldquo;svinski yagodi&amp;rdquo; (swine&amp;rsquo;s berries) has been used as a decoct of aerial parts for treatment of cancer, as antioxidant and immunostimulant. This study was undertaken to investigate its phytochemical, physicochemical and radicalscavenging activities of the aerial parts of the plant. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Physico-chemical parameters: moisture content, foaming index, total ash, dichloromethane, alcohol and water soluble extractive, pleliminary phytochemical screening and TLC finger print profile were determined. Three new flavonol glycosides, 3-&lt;em&gt;O-&amp;szlig&lt;/em&gt;;-gentiobiosides of 6-methoxykaempferol andg omphrenol and a new gomphrenol trioside as well as the known 3-&lt;em&gt;O-&amp;szlig&lt;/em&gt;;-gentiobiosides of patuletin and spinacetin, previously isolated from the aerial parts of &lt;em&gt;Chenopodium foliosum&gt; Asch&lt;/em., were analyzed for radical-scavenging activity using DPPH-, ABTS- free radicals. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The results of physico-chemical parameters showed moisture content- 6.05%, foaming index-250, total ash- 12.19% and dichloromethane, alcohol and water soluble extractive respectively 2.52%, 13.20% and 12.01%. Preliminary phytochemical screening of the aerial parts of C. foliosum reveals the presence of carbohydrates, flavonoids, phytosterols, saponins and alkaloids/ amines. Patuletine-3-O-gentiobioside showed the highest DPPH (95.03 &amp;plusmn; 0.09) and ABTS (87.20 &amp;plusmn; 0.13) activity, compared to Vit C. 6-Methoxykaempferol-3-O-gentiobioside showed significant ABTS (81.09 &amp;plusmn; 0.06) activity, but DPPH activity was lacking. The other flavonoids showed low DPPH activity, but moderate ABTS activity compared with BHT. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The results of this study could be useful for correct identification of the plant and further standardization. In addition this study suggesting that the decoction prepared from &lt;em&gt;C. foliosum&lt;/em&gt; could be a potential source of nutraceuticals with radical-scavenging activity.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Chenopodium&lt;/em&gt;, phytochemical investigations, flavonoids, DPPH, ABTS.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Zlatina Kokanova-Nedialkova&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;, Paraskev T. Nedialkov and Stefan D. Nikolov&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, Dunav str. 2, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sharma Abhishek J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chandra Naresh</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognostical Studies of Bryophyllum pinnatum (Lam.) Kurz.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bryophyllum pinnatum (Lam.) Kurz</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physico-chemical.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3rd Sept, 2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">20-26</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Context:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Bryophyllum pinnatum&lt;/em&gt; (Lam.) Kurz. widely used in traditional as well as folk medicinal systems is locally known as Panphuti. Traditionally it is used for the treatment of kidney stones, urinary tract infection, burns and diarrhoea. Aims: In the present study, pharmacognostic studies of root, stem and leaf of &lt;em&gt;Bryophyllum pinnatum&lt;/em&gt; (Lam.) Kurz. is carried out in order to standardize the plant for its phytochemical, phyiso-chemical and pharmacognostical. &lt;strong&gt;Methods and Material: &lt;/strong&gt;For standardization of plant material morphological and anatomical characterization was carried out. Physico-chemical parameters viz. ash content, extractive values, heavy metal content was carried out as per Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Phytochemical investigations were made to know the presence of various bioactive molecules, amino acid composition.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Intrastelar and extrastelar secondary growth with wood and periderm formation along with deposition of starch grains were observed in pith region of root and cortical region of stem. Calcium oxalate crystals were also present in the cortical region of the stem. Leaf lamina showed spongy parenchyma in mesophyll region and anisocytic type of stomata. Anthocyanin pigment was present below epidermal cells in petiole. Physico- chemical results can be serves as quality control data. Quantitatively carbohydrate, protein, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, saponins and pro-antocyanidins were found to be present in root, stem and leaf part of &lt;em&gt;Bryophyllum pinnatum&lt;/em&gt; (Lam.) Kurz. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The results of the study could be useful in setting some diagnostic indices for the identification and preparation of a monograph of the plant.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Bryophyllum pinnatum&lt;/em&gt; (Lam.) Kurz., Pharmacognosy, Phytochemical, Physico-chemical.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">20</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Abhishek J. Sharma&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;, Chandra Naresh&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Botany, Birla College, Kalyan, Maharashtra, India&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record></records></xml>