<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aswathy Jayasree Madanakumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bosco Lawarence</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Manoj GS</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Murugan Kumaraswamy</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Purified Anthocyanin from in vitro Culture of Bridelia retusa (L.) Spreng. Capable of Inhibiting the Growth of Human Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anthocyanin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-metastatic potential</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Apoptosis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bridelia retusa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cell suspension</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">in vitro culture</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Purification</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/524</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">559-566</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;The present study aims &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; cell suspension culture of &lt;em&gt;Bridelia retusa&lt;/em&gt;, isolation of anthocyanin, purification, fractionation and its anti-metastatic potential against oral squamous carcinoma cells. Experimental results reveal that 2, 4-D either alone or in combination with kinetin supplemented in MS medium showed significant initiation of callus from leaf explants than stem. Growth hormones, pH, light, and carbon source influence anthocyanin synthesis. Maximum callus induction was noticed with 2.5 mg/L N6-benzyladenine (BA) + 2 mg/L 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) (98.9%). Fresh and dry weight of the calli were i.e., 1.9 &amp;plusmn; 0.04 and 0.45 &amp;plusmn; 0. 03 g respectively. Optimal response was seen with light on MS medium contain 4% glucose + 2.5 mg/L BA and 2 mg/L 2, 4-D at pH 3.5 yielded 2.8 mg /g of anthocyanins. Suspension culture medium fortified with 2, 4-D (2.5 mg/L) + BA (2 mg/L) at pH 5.0 induced anthocyanin production at pH 4.4 &amp;ndash; 4.6. HCl-ethanol extraction for 90 min yielded the maximum anthocyanin content. Fractionation of anthocyanin using HPLC coupled with mass spectrometry revealed 07 fractions such as acylated cyanidins, two peonidins, cyanidin 3-p-coumaroyl and feruloyl diglucoside-5-glucosides. In the search of novel therapeutic drugs against cancer, cytotoxicity effect of &lt;em&gt;B.retusa&lt;/em&gt; anthocyanin extracts on human oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC4, SCC9 and SCC25) cells using cell adhesion and cell viability assay was carried. The morphological alterations in SCCs cells after treatment with &lt;em&gt;B.retusa&lt;/em&gt; anthocyanin includes nuclear condensation, fragmentation and apoptotic cells as revealed by Hoechst stain. Flow cytometry showed arresting of SCC25 cells mostly in the G0/G1 and S-G2/M stages with a concomitant up regulation of sub-G1 fraction, indicating cell death by apoptosis. Apoptosis was further substantiated by the activation of caspase-3 expression in the SCC25 cells treated with &lt;em&gt;B.retusa&lt;/em&gt; anthocyanin. Thus, it is possible to suggest that &lt;em&gt;B.retusa&lt;/em&gt; anthocyanin cause apoptosis of SCCs and warrant further investigation using animal models.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">559</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aswathy Jayasree Madanakumar&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Bosco Lawarence&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Manoj GS&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;,Murugan Kumaraswamy&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Botany, Plant Biochemistry and Molecular biology Laboratory, University College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala- 695 034, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Botany and Biotechnology, Govt. Arts College, Trivandrum-14, Kerala, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Botany, Nilamel NSS College, Kerala, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bosco Lawarence</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Murugan K</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Comprehensive Evaluation of Antioxidant Potential of Selected Osbeckia species and their in vitro Culture, Purification and Fractionation</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anthocyanins</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant Capacity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Free Radicals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Osbeckia Spp.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reactive Oxygen Species</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">/files/pj-9-5/10.5530pj.2017.5.107/index.html</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">674-682</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Health-benefit properties of natural pigments have been intensely studied, especially the anthocyanins. In the last few decades, research on anthocyanins has attracted biologists by the increasing evidence of their health beneficial effects. &lt;em&gt;Osbeckia,&lt;/em&gt; belongs to Melastomataceae and is well-known for colouring pigments and other bioactive compounds. In the present study, total anthocyanin and antioxidant capacity indicators were evaluated from 8 &lt;em&gt;Osbeckia&lt;/em&gt; spp. and anthocyanin was extracted from &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; cultures of &lt;em&gt;O. aspera&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;O. reticulata&lt;/em&gt;. Materials and &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The antioxidant effect was studied using ABTS (2, 2&amp;rsquo;-azino-bis-3-ethyl benzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) radical cation decolourisation assay, the FRAP, the scavenging ability of hydroxyl radicals and the superoxide anion scavenging activity. Anthocyanin extracted from &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; cultures were purified and fractionated using column chromatography and LC-MS MS analysis. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;In vitro&lt;/em&gt; cultures of &lt;em&gt;O. aspera&lt;/em&gt; was obtained in MS medium fortified with various combinations of Benzyl Adenine (BA), Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 2, 4-D. The chromatograms of &lt;em&gt;O. aspera&lt;/em&gt; revealed the presence of malvidin-3 -diglucoside, peonidin, delphinidin and cyanindin whereas &lt;em&gt;O. reticulata &lt;/em&gt;cultures accumulated large amounts of malvidin, cyanindin and cyanidin aglycone. The purified anthocyanins of these species were evaluated for their antioxidant potential and was found more remarkable than the crude extracts. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;Osbeckia&lt;/em&gt; species are rich in anthocyanin and therefore display potential AOX power. &lt;em&gt;O. aspera&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;O. reticulata&lt;/em&gt; callus was induced &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; production of anthocyanins. The pool of anthocyanins was purified and fractionated by LCMS/ MS and AOX assays were performed with the purified anthocyanin which showed higher level activities.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">674</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bosco Lawarence and Murugan K &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Plant Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, University College, Trivandrum, Kerala, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aswathy Jayasree Madanakumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Greeshma Murukan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bosco Lawarence</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Murugan Kumaraswamy</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Isolation, Purification of Quercetin from in vitro Cell Suspension Culture of Caesalpinia pulcherrima and its Analysis by HPLC-DAD and NMR</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caesalpinia pulcherrima</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Callus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cell suspension culture</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elicitors; growth hormones</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercetin</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/380</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s44-s51</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Caesalpinia pulcherrima&lt;/em&gt;, belongs to Caesapiniaceae, is a known medicinal plant widely distributed in India and is used in traditional medicine for the treatment of various ailments. Many phytochemicals are reported from the plant as potential source of crude drug. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; An efficient and simple reproducible protocol was developed for callus production using leaf explants of &lt;em&gt;C. pulcherrima&lt;/em&gt;. The combination of 2, 4-D, kin and BA, was used for the callus induction. Subsequently, cell suspension culture and quercetin synthesis from &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; callus was attempted. Role of effect of elicitors (Sucrose, ABA and salicylic acid) in cell suspension culture was carried in MS medium containing 2,4-D + BA + kinetin. Flavonoids was purified, fractionated by HPLC-DAD and NMR.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; 2, 4-D (2.5 mg/L), BA (2.5 mg/L) + kin (1 mg/mL) was effective for maximum callus induction from leaf explants. Significant cell suspension culture was noticed with liquid MS medium containing 2,4-D (2 mg/L)+ BA (1mg/L)+ kinetin (1.5 mg/L). Sucrose, ABA and salicylic acid (SA) at different concentrations influenced cell biomass and quercetin accumulation. The addition of ABA/SA along with sucrose was found to have no remarkable effect on cell biomass and also quercetin synthesis. However, cells cultured in the medium fortified with 45 g/L sucrose without ABA/ SA showed the highest quercetin content (16.5 mg/g). Flavonoids was purified, fractionated by HPLC-DAD and NMR revealed the presence of 9 components such as quercetin, isoquercetin, quercetrin, rutin, quercetin 3-O-&amp;beta;-D-xyloside, quercetin 3-Oarabinopyranoside, quercetin 3-O- &amp;alpha;-arabinopyranosyl (1&amp;rarr;2) &amp;beta;-galactopyranoside, isorhamnetin 3-O-rutinoside and an unknown compound. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;C. pulcherima&lt;/em&gt; reveals significant synthesis of quercetin. Quercetin content recorded in cell suspension culture was significantly higher compared with &lt;em&gt;in vivo&lt;/em&gt; plants grown in fields and the compounds were identified by NMR.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s44</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aswathy Jayasree Madanakumar, Greeshma Murukan, Bosco Lawarence, Murugan Kumaraswamy* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Plant Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, University College, Trivandrum, Kerala, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record></records></xml>