<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ajay Pal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kandikattu Hemanth Kumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bharat Bhushan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vinod Saharan</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ashwagandha Root Extract Inhibits Acetylcholine Esterase, Protein Modification and Ameliorates H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;-Induced Oxidative Stress in Rat Lymphocytes</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acetylcholine esterase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ashwagandha</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DNA damage</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Protein carbonylation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rat lymphocytes</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2017 </style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">/files/PJ-9-3/10.5530pj.2017.3.52</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">302-309</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Herbs have long been the basis of medical treatment but the practice of herbalism is not strictly based on evidences gathered using scientific methods. Ashwagandha (&lt;em&gt;Withania somnifera L&lt;/em&gt;.) is a traditional medicinal herb used in the treatment of various ailments. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; In current study we have evaluated the acetylcholine esterase (AChE) inhibitory and antioxidant potential of Ashwagandha root extract (ARE) in in-vitro and &lt;em&gt;ex-vivo&lt;/em&gt; models to give a scientific base to its use in herbal medicine. &lt;strong&gt;Methodology:&lt;/strong&gt; Simplest extraction e.g. maceration method was performed for preparation of extracts using methanol as solvent. Both &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;in vivo&lt;/em&gt; experimental trial were executed to evaluate the efficacy of root extract. &lt;strong&gt;Result and Discussion:&lt;/strong&gt; ARE substantially scavenged free radicals and effectively prevented protein degradation as well as modification as studied by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting. Pre-treatment with ARE protected rat lymphocytes against H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;-induced oxidative damage. H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; treatment resulted in DNA fragmentation and significantly decreased the activities of key antioxidant enzymes namely superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase while decreased and increased the content of glutathione and malondialdehyde, respectively. ARE pre-treatment almost reversed these changes indicating its efficiency to suppress hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The study provides the scientific basis of pleiotropic functions of Ashwagandha.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">302</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ajay Pal&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Kandikattu Hemanth Kumar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Bharat Bhushan&lt;sup&gt;*1&lt;/sup&gt; and Vinod Saharan&lt;sup&gt;3 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Biochemistry and Nanosciences Discipline, Defence Food Research Laboratory, Mysore, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur, Rajasthan, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Girindrababu Venkattappa Jayashree</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Puttasiddiah Rachitha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Krishnaswamy Krupashree</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kandikattu Hemanth Kumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Farhath Khanum</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant and DNA Damage Protective Effects of Asparagus racemosus in Human Colon and Mice Muscle Cells</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">AAPH</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Asparagus racemosus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Protein oxidation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Single cell gel electrophoresis.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9th Feb, 2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">182-190</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study was designed to investigate the in vitro antioxidant and macromolecule damage protective effects of Asparagus racemosus water (AWE) and methanolic (AME) fractions of roots. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The in vitro antioxidant activity of AWE/AME was estimated by free radical scavenging assays. The DNA damage of HT29 and C2C12 cells was analyzed by comet assay. The plasmid DNA damage and protein oxidation were carried out by agarose gel electrophoresis and SDS-PAGE analysis respectively, where as lipid peroxidation was performed by TBARS assay. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Both the extracts showed scavenging activity with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values of 417.4 &amp;plusmn; 19.5 / 298 &amp;plusmn; 13.5, 381 &amp;plusmn; 18.2 / 235 &amp;plusmn; 11.9, 54.8 &amp;plusmn; 2.95 / 31.6 &amp;plusmn; 1.52, 28.9 &amp;plusmn; 1.73 / 19.7 &amp;plusmn; 1.55 &amp;mu;g/mL for DPPH, metal chelating, ABTS and Nitric oxide scavenging activities respectively. Similarly the methanolic extract showed more potent reducing power and total antioxidant activities over water fraction. The AME showed 56.8% and 41.2% protection against H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; (Hydrogen peroxide) induced DNA damage of HT29 human colon cells and C2C12 murine myoblasts. The extract also showed protection against H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; induced plasmid DNA damge, AAPH induced protein oxidation of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and lipid peroxidation of rat hepatic tissue. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Over all this study showed remarkable antioxidant and macromolecule damage protective effects of A.racemosus. The observed biological properties may be attributed to the high content phenols and flavonoids in the methanolic extract A. racemosus over water extract.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words: &lt;/strong&gt;AAPH, &lt;em&gt;Asparagus racemosus&lt;/em&gt;, C2C12, HT29, Protein oxidation, Single cell gel electrophoresis.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">182</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Girindrababu Venkattappa Jayashree, Puttasiddiah Rachitha, Krishnaswamy Krupashree, Kandikattu Hemanth Kumar, Farhath Khanum&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Department of Biochemistry and Nanosciences discipline, Defence food research laboratory, Siddartha Nagar, Mysore, Karnataka-570 011, India.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Girindrababu Venkattappa Jayashree</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Puttasiddiah Rachitha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Krishnaswamy Krupashree</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kandikattu Hemanth Kumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Farhath Khanum</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant and DNA Damage Protective Effects of Asparagus racemosus in Human Colon and Mice Muscle Cells</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">AAPH</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Asparagus racemosus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">C2C12</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HT29</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Protein oxidation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Single cell gel electrophoresis.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">01/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">182-190</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study was designed to investigate the &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; antioxidant and macromolecule damage protective effects of &lt;em&gt;Asparagus racemosus&lt;/em&gt; water (AWE) and methanolic (AME) fractions of roots. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; antioxidant activity of AWE/AME was estimated by free radical scavenging assays. The DNA damage of HT29 and C2C12 cells was analyzed by comet assay. The plasmid DNA damage and protein oxidation were carried out by agarose gel electrophoresis and SDS-PAGE analysis respectively, where as lipid peroxidation was performed by TBARS assay. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Both the extracts showed scavenging activity with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values of 417.4 &amp;plusmn; 19.5 / 298 &amp;plusmn; 13.5, 381 &amp;plusmn; 18.2 / 235 &amp;plusmn; 11.9, 54.8 &amp;plusmn; 2.95 / 31.6 &amp;plusmn; 1.52, 28.9 &amp;plusmn; 1.73 / 19.7 &amp;plusmn; 1.55 &amp;mu;g/mL for DPPH, metal chelating, ABTS and Nitric oxide scavenging activities respectively. Similarly the methanolic extract showed more potent reducing power and total antioxidant activities over water fraction. The AME showed 56.8% and 41.2% protection against H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; (Hydrogen peroxide) induced DNA damage of HT29 human colon cells and C2C12 murine myoblasts. The extract also showed protection against H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; induced plasmid DNA damge, AAPH induced protein oxidation of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and lipid peroxidation of rat hepatic tissue. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Over all this study showed remarkable antioxidant and macromolecule damage protective effects of &lt;em&gt;A. racemosus.&lt;/em&gt; The observed biological properties may be attributed to the high content phenols and flavonoids in the methanolic extract &lt;em&gt;A. racemosus&lt;/em&gt; over water extract.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">182</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Girindrababu Venkattappa Jayashree, Puttasiddiah Rachitha, Krishnaswamy Krupashree, Kandikattu Hemanth Kumar, Farhath Khanum&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Biochemistry and Nanosciences discipline, Defence food research laboratory, Siddartha Nagar, Mysore, Karnataka-570 011, India.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record></records></xml>