<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cristiane Coimbra de Paula</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Domingos Tabajara De Oliveira Martins</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karuppusamy Arunachalam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sikiru Olaitan Balogun</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quessi Irias Borges</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marcelo Garcia Picone</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wander Miguel de Barros</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Regilane Matos da Silva Prado</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimicrobial Screening of Medicinal Plants Popularly used in Mato Grosso for Treating Infections: Advances on the Evaluation of Conyza bonariensis (L.) Cronquist in vitro and in vivo Antibacterial Activities</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acute toxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimicrobial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Conyza bonariensis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mato Grosso</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medicinal plants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Preliminary phytochemistry</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s152-s166</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The aim of this study was to screen a group of medicinal plants&amp;rsquo; extracts used in the treatment of ailments related to infections in the Brazilian popular medicine. And to carry out &lt;em&gt;in vivo&lt;/em&gt; toxicity and antibacterial studies on &lt;em&gt;Conyza bonariensis &lt;/em&gt;(Asteraceae) leaves and roots methanolic extracts selected based on the screening. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Eleven methanolic extracts obtained from nine plants, reportedly used in the treatments of infections from the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil, were initially screened for their in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities employing disc diffusion and broth micro dilution assays. Preliminary phytochemical analysis was carried out. The most promising extract based on our results and previous literature reports was then evaluated in the &lt;em&gt;in vivo&lt;/em&gt; antibacterial activities using mouse model of bacterial infection induced by &lt;em&gt;Staphylococcus aureus&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Escherichia coli.&lt;/em&gt; In addition, &lt;em&gt;in vivo&lt;/em&gt; acute toxicity was conducted to evaluate the safety profile of the extracts. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; All of the extracts tested were active against at least one of the bacterial and fungal strain tested with activities ranging from moderate to weak. Phytochemical analyses of ME&lt;em&gt;Cb&lt;/em&gt;l and ME&lt;em&gt;Cb&lt;/em&gt;r demonstrated the presence of free steroids and coumarins in ME&lt;em&gt;Cb&lt;/em&gt;l and flavonoids, tanins, free steroids, reduced anthraquinones and coumarins in ME&lt;em&gt;CB&lt;/em&gt;r. Oral administration of ME&lt;em&gt;Cb&lt;/em&gt;l and ME&lt;em&gt;Cb&lt;/em&gt;r up to 5000 mg/kg did not provoked any toxicological events in the mice, thus suggesting that the LD&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; is higher than 5000 mg/kg. &lt;em&gt;In vivo&lt;/em&gt; antibacterial assay demonstrated superior prophylactic activity of ME&lt;em&gt;Cb&lt;/em&gt;l compared to ME&lt;em&gt;Cb&lt;/em&gt;r.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; ME&lt;em&gt;Cb&lt;/em&gt;l and ME&lt;em&gt;Cb&lt;/em&gt;r are safe when administered acute orally at doses up to 5000 mg/kg. Methanolic extracts of &lt;em&gt;Conyza bonariensis &lt;/em&gt;possessed in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities. Considerable &lt;em&gt;in vivo&lt;/em&gt; antibacterial activities were observed in bacterial infection model for both ME&lt;em&gt;Cb&lt;/em&gt;l and ME&lt;em&gt;Cb&lt;/em&gt;r, effects comparable to that of meropenem, in some cases. Both extracts present in common free steroids and coumarins. The current&lt;em&gt; in vivo&lt;/em&gt; antibacterial activity study further lend supports to the use of &lt;em&gt;Conyza bonariensis&lt;/em&gt; in the treatment of infections in many traditional medicines.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s152</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cristiane Coimbra de Paula&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Domingos Tabajara De Oliveira Martins&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Karuppusamy Arunachalam&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Sikiru Olaitan Balogun&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Quessi Irias Borges&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Marcelo Garcia Picone&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Wander Miguel de Barros&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Regilane Matos da Silva Prado&lt;sup&gt;1,4 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&amp;Aacute;rea de Farmacologia, Departamento de Ci&amp;ecirc;ncias B&amp;aacute;sicas de Sa&amp;uacute;de, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiab&amp;aacute;, Mato Grosso, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculdade Noroeste do Mato Grosso - AJES, Avenida Gabriel Muller, s/n, Centro, Ju&amp;iacute;na, Mato Grosso, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Programa de P&amp;oacute;s-Gradua&amp;ccedil;&amp;atilde;o em Ci&amp;ecirc;ncia e Tecnologia de Alimentos, Instituto Federal de Educa&amp;ccedil;&amp;atilde;o, Ci&amp;ecirc;ncia e Tecnologia de Mato Grosso (IFMT), Cuiab&amp;aacute;, Mato Grosso, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Centro Universit&amp;aacute;rio Cat&amp;oacute;lica de Quixad&amp;aacute; (UNICATOLICA), Quixad&amp;aacute;, Cear&amp;aacute;, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record></records></xml>