<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shabina Komath Chenoly</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vinodini NA</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abelmoschus esculentus Ameliorates Stress-Induced Cognitive Dysfunction via Antioxidant and Neuroprotective Mechanisms in Mice</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abelmoschus esculentus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acetylcholine esterase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">chronic stress</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Malondialdehyde</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morris water maze</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Superoxide dismutase</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">302-309</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The objective of this study was to determine if there were any effect of Abelmoschus esculentus on chronic stress induced memory loss. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The Swiss Albino Mice (n=30) were divided into five groups, namely control, chronic stress (90 days), chronic stress and ethanolic extract of Abelmoschus esculentus(200mg/kg body weight), and Chronic stress followed by diazepam (2mg/kg body weight), Chronic stress followed by diazepam (2mg/kg body weight) and ethanolic extract of abelmoschus esculentus (200mg/kg body weight). At the end of the experimental period (90 days), animal blood was collected retro-orbitally to analyze the cortisol, Brain tissue was homogenized, and antioxidants and Acetylcholine esterase level was estimated. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The Results of the data indicated that administering stress for a duration of 90 days led to a noticeable decline in spatial learning abilities in mice. Our findings indicate that combination of Abelmoschus esculentus and diazepam showed there was an significant improvement in retaining memory. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Study indicated that Abelmoschus esculentus shows promise as a viable treatment option for conditions of stress related memory impairment.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">302</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Shabina Komath Chenoly&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Vinodini NA&lt;sup&gt;2*&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Associate Professor, Department of Physiology, Vydehi Institute of Medical Sciences &amp;amp; Research Center EPIP area, Bangalore, 5600066, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Associate Professor, Department Of Physiology, Kasturba Medical college Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anchana Babu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rekha D Kini</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nayanatara Arun Kumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Megha Gokul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bhagyalakshmi K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sneha Shetty B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vinodini NA</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Potential Role of Ashwagandha [Withania Somnifera] As An Antioxidant On Aluminium Chloride-Induced Testicular Damage In Wistar Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Malondialdehyde</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reactive Oxygen Species</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reduced glutathione</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sperm morphology</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">583-587</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Aluminium is most prevalent and third most abundant element in earth crust after oxygen. Its exposure in high concentration can accumulate in many organs that damage various organs in living organisms like humans and animals. Although aluminum (Al) is known to induce oxidative damage through various mechanisms including binding to negatively charged phospholipids on the membrane of various tissue cell which are rich in PUFA.Hence,this study was aimed to find the potential role of ashwagandha on aluminum induced testicular toxicity. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Animals were segregated into 4 groups of 6 rats in each. The control group, the Ashwagandha treated group, the Aluminum intoxicated group, pretreated with Ashwagandha with Aluminum intoxicity group. Testicular tissue was removed and were stored in 10% formalin saline and histopathological slides were done . A part of the tissues were processed for estimation of MDA and GSH level. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;In the present study administration of aluminum in rats showed a significant decrease in the testicular tissue level of GSH and sperm count, as well as increase in the level of MDA and sperm morphology in aluminum treated group compared to normal control. Treatment with Ashwagandha showed a significant increase in testicular GSH level, sperm count and decrease in MDA level sperm morphology. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The results of this study revealed that oral Aluminum Chloride administration induced adverse oxidative effects on the exposed animals and treatment with&lt;em&gt; W. somnifera &lt;/em&gt;reduced the extent of aluminium chloride-induced tissue injury&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">583</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Anchana Babu&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Rekha D Kini&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Nayanatara Arun Kumar&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Megha Gokul&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Bhagyalakshmi K&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Sneha Shetty B&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Vinodini NA&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Physiology, Kasturba Medical College Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chandrashekar R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Robin Shetty</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rashmi B R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vinodini NA</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sub-Acute Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Leucas indica Ethanolic Leaf Extract in Wistar Rats Using the Cotton Pellet Granuloma Model</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cotton pellet granuloma</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leucas indica</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sub-acute anti-inflammatory activity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">458-460</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;This study investigated the sub-acute anti-inflammatory potential of Leucas indica leaves using the cotton pellet granuloma model in Wistar albino rats. Fifty rats were randomly assigned to five groups (n = 10 per group). Sterile cotton pellets (~20 ± 1 mg) were prepared and autoclaved before subcutaneous implantation at the nape of the neck following sedation with pentobarbitone sodium (30 mg/kg, orally) and skin disinfection with 70% ethanol. Treatment regimens included: a control group receiving 3 mL of 1% gum acacia (orally), a standard group administered Indomethacin (10 mg/kg, orally), and three test groups receiving leaves of Leucas indica ethanolic extract at 75, 150, and 300 mg/kg, three times daily for seven days. On the eighth day, the animals were humanely sacrificed, and the implanted pellets were removed, dried, and weighed to assess inflammatory response. Key parameters, including granuloma formation, transudative weight, and percentage inhibition, were analysed using ANOVA with Dunnett’s multiple comparison test (p &amp;lt; 0.05 considered significant). Standard drug (Indomethacin) produced a highly significant reduction (p&amp;lt;0.01) in all three parameters (WW, DW, TW), confirming the model's validity and the drug’s strong anti-inflammatory effect. EELLI at 75 mg/kg showed no statistically significant reduction, indicating weak or no anti-inflammatory activity at this dose. EELLI at 150 mg/kg and 300 mg/ kg showed a significant reduction in: Wet weight (WW): Suggests decreased exudation and inflammation. Dry weight (DW): Indicates reduced granuloma formation (proliferative phase). Transudative weight (TW): Reflects reduced fluid accumulation. The ethanolic extract of Leucas indica (EELLI) exhibited significant sub-acute anti-inflammatory activity at 150 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg, as evidenced by reduced granuloma weight and fluid accumulation. The effect, though moderate compared to Indomethacin, supports the plant’s traditional use and warrants further investigation.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">458</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Chandrashekar R&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Robin Shetty&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Rashmi B R&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Vinodini NA&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1 &amp;amp; 2&lt;/sup&gt;Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacology, A.J. Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Kuntikana, Mangalore, Karnataka, INDIA&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Assistant Professor, Department of Physiology, A.J. Institute of Allied Health Sciences, Kuntikana, Mangalore, Karnataka, INDIA&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Associate Professor, Department: Physiology, Kasturba Medical college Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, INDIA&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vinodini NA</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pratik Kumar Chatterjee</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kunal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suman VB</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rashmi KS</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nayanatara AK</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anupama N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ramesh M. Bhat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sheela Joice P</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effectiveness of Moringa oleifea Extract in Attenuating the Toxic Effect on Platelet Count: An Experiment on Cadmium Exposed Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cadmium</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clotting Mechanisms</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moringa oleifera</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Platelet Count</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toxicity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">689-693</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aims and Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To determine the role of &lt;em&gt;Moringa oleifera&lt;/em&gt; on total platelet count alterations (T-PC) in rats treated with cadmium. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;In the present study female adult Wistar Albino rats, (180-200) gm were divided into, Group I-normal control, Group II-pretreated control, group III-cadmium treated , group IV- pre-treated with &lt;em&gt;Moringa oleifera &lt;/em&gt;leaf extract (MOE) and then administered oral cadmium for a day, with &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt;=6 each &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Indicate that the pre-treatment with MOE (100 mg/kg/bw) prior to cadmium infusion augmented the level of total platelet count (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;≤0.001) as compared to the cadmium-exposed group, which might have a role in clotting mechanisms also. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Moringa oleifera &lt;/em&gt;extract has a beneficial effect on platelet count in cadmium-induced animal model.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">689</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vinodini NA&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Pratik Kumar Chatterjee&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Kunal&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Suman VB&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Rashmi KS&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Nayanatara AK&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Anupama N&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ramesh M. Bhat&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Sheela Joice P&lt;sup&gt;2 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Physiology, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Physiology, MES Medical College, Perinthalmanna, Kerala, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
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