<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Madyawati Latief</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rahmani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arliangga Fahrezi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sutrisno</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Indra Lasmana Tarigan</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Comparison of the Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Flavonoid  Bioactive Compounds Acetone Fraction and Steroid Fraction  Ethyl Acetate Sungkai Leaves In Vivo and In Silico Studies</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-inflamatory; β-Sitesterol; Naringenin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">P. canescens Jack</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1068-1076</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;One of the medicinal plants that is widely used by traditional communities is sungkai (&lt;em&gt;Peronema canescens &lt;/em&gt;Jack), which is known to contain secondary metabolite compounds of flavonoids, saponins, tannins, steroids, terpenoids, alkaloids, and phenols. This research aims to isolate secondary metabolite compounds from acetone and ethyl acetate fractions, which act as anti-inflammatory agents in vivo and in silico. Acetone and ethyl acetate fractions were isolated and characterized using UV-Vis and FT-IR. The In Vivo test was carried out on Mus musculus, while the In Silico test was carried out using the IL-10 and IFN-γ receptors, which play a role in inflammation and immunity. Our research results showed that the ethanolic (F1) and n-hexane (F2) fractions of &lt;em&gt;P. canescens &lt;/em&gt;extract had good anti-inflammatory activity with percent inhibition values of 58.12% and 56.59%, respectively. The characterization results showed that isolate F1 was a flavonoid group, Naringenin compound, while isolate F2 was a steroid group, &lt;em&gt;β&lt;/em&gt;-Sitosterol compound. Moreover, from the scoring docking results, &lt;em&gt;β-&lt;/em&gt;Sitesterol has tremendous potential as an anti-inflammatory than the compound naringenin.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1068</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Madyawati Latief&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Rahmani1 , Arliangga Fahrezi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; , Sutrisno&lt;sup&gt;1 &lt;/sup&gt;, Indra Lasmana Tarigan&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Jambi, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Natural Product and Bioactive Compound Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Jambi, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Madyawati Latief</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhaimin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heriyanti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Indra Lasmana Tarigan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sutrisno</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Determination Antioxidant Activity of Coffea Arabica, Coffea Canephora, Coffea Liberica and Sunscreens Cream Formulation for Sun Protection Factor (SPF)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coffee</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cream</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SPF</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">335-342</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Coffee is a highly consumed and popular beverage consumed in many countries. Its ingredients have a powerful antioxidant capacity and have the potential as sunscreen to protect the skin. This study aimed to examine the antioxidant activity of Arabica, robusta and liberica coffee extracts and the SPF activity of the coffee extract cream formulation. Coffee were macerated with three types of solvents with polarity gradients. The fraction of each coffee was analyzed for antioxidant activity using DPPH and formulated into the cream. Furthermore, the cream was analyzed for its SPF activity. The results of this study indicated that the methanol fraction of Robusta and Arabica coffee has the best antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 8.98 (ppm) and 13.13, respectively. Meanwhile, Liberica coffee has the best antioxidant in the ethyl acetate fraction, IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; = 10.90 (ppm). In addition, the best SPF values for Robusta, Liberica and Arabica coffees were found in F3 cream with the category of Very Good Protection; 36.087 ± 0.0005; 35.007 ± 0.0005; 36,867 ± 0.0005 respectively.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">335</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Madyawati Latief&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhaimin&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Heriyanti&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Indra Lasmana Tarigan&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sutrisno&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;,&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Jambi, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;The University Center of Excellence, E2- KOLIM, Universitas Jambi, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biological Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjajaran, Bandung, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Indra Lasmana Tarigan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sutrisno</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rumaida</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Indah Pramana Sari Aini</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Madyawati Latief</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Isolation of a Flavone Apigenin and a Steroids Squalene from Peronema canescens Jack Leaves with Anti-Inflammatory Activities</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-inflammatory.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Apigenin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">P. canescens</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Squalene</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">744-752</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;The leaves of the&lt;em&gt; P. canescens &lt;/em&gt;are ethnobotanically used by the community as a remedy for bruises and fever. This study aims to isolate both of ethanol and n-hexane fractions of&lt;em&gt; P. canescens &lt;/em&gt;Jack leaves. Isolate then characterized and determined their anti-inflammatory activity with male white mice. Anti- Inflammatory was determined by the volume of exudate and % inflammation inhibition. The isolates with good anti-inflammatory activity were characterized using UV-Vis and IR spectrophotometry. Our findings showed that the ethanolic (F1) and n-hexane (F2) fractions of&lt;em&gt; P&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;em&gt;canescens &lt;/em&gt;extract had a good anti-inflammatory activity with percent inhibition values of 58.12% and 56.59%, respectively. The characterization results showed that isolate F1 was a flavonoid group, Apigenin compound, while isolate F2 was a steroid group, Squalene compound.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">744</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Indra Lasmana Tarigan&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Sutrisno&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Rumaida&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Indah Pramana Sari Aini&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Madyawati Latief&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Universitas Jambi, Jambi, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Chemistry Student, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Universitas Jambi, Jambi, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Madyawati Latief</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heriyanti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Indra Lasmana Tarigan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sutrisno</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Preliminary Data on the Antibacterial Activity of Coffea Arabica, Coffea Canephora and Coffea Liberica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibiotics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coffee</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">E. coli</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">413-424</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;The continuous use of synthetic antibiotics will not only kill bacteria but also can accelerate the emergence of resistant pathogenic races. In addition, it can also cause the death of normal flora. Coffee extract is reported to have the potential as a naturally active and non-toxic antibacterial compound suitable for biomedical applications. Extraction using methanol was carried out on green coffee and which had been roasted for three types of Jambi coffee, namely Arabica, Robusta and Liberica coffee and continued with fractionation using hexane and ethyl acetate. The results of the analysis using FTIR showed that OH, C-H, C = C, C = O, C-O, C-N and N-H groups were detected. These functional groups are probably the functional groups that belong to caffeine, trigonelline, nicotinic acid and dehydrocafestol, which are believed to have bacteriostatic effects on some bacteria. The SEM-EDX analysis results of the three types of coffee showed that the dominant elements were O, K and Mg. Potassium and magnesium minerals bind with chlorogenic acid to form salt complexes of chlorogenic acid and magnesium chlorogenic acid complex. The antibacterial activity of the coffee extract and fraction was still low with the diameter of the inhibition zone was still low (0-10 mm). Furthermore, further characterization and tests are needed to confirm the antibiotic potency of the Arabica, Robusta and Liberica coffee ethanol extracts.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">413</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Madyawati Latief, Heriyanti, Indra Lasmana Tarigan, Sutrisno*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Jambi, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;The University Center of Excellence, E2- KOLIM, Universitas Jambi, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhaimin Muhaimin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yusnaidar Yusnaidar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wilda Syahri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Madyawati Latief</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anis Yohana Chaerunisaa</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Microencapsulation of Macaranga gigantea Leaf Extracts: Production and Characterization</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ethocel 10 cP</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eudragit E100</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Macaranga gigantea</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Microencapsulation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Solvent evaporation method</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">716-724</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; The aim of this research was to formulate the microcapsules of &lt;em&gt;Macaranga gigantea&lt;/em&gt; leaves extract with solvent evaporation method using Ethocel 10 cP and Eudragit E100 as matrix. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt; M. gigantea&lt;/em&gt; leaves were extracted using ethanol 96%. This extract was dried by rotary evaporator. The microencapsulation process of &lt;em&gt;M. gigantea&lt;/em&gt; leaves extract was conducted by solvent evaporation method (O/W: oil in water). The formula of &lt;em&gt;M. gigantea&lt;/em&gt; leaves extract microcapsules were designed into six formulas (Eudragit E100: FA&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, FA&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, FA&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; and Ethocel 10 cP: FB&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, FB&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, FB&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;). Microcapsules of &lt;em&gt;M. gigantea &lt;/em&gt;leaves extract were characterized for particle size, in terms of surface morphology by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and encapsulation efficiency. Antioxidant activity of the formulation have been evaluated by DPPH method. Physical characterization on microparticles were performed by conducting entrapment efficiency and SEM picture. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;In this research, the micoparticles containing &lt;em&gt;M. gigantea&lt;/em&gt; extract has been developed by using ethyl cellulose (Ethocel 10 cP ) and eudragit (Eudragit E100) as polymer matrix. The results showed that high concentration of polymer (Ethocel 10 cP and Eudragit E100) used in microencapsulation resulted in better &lt;em&gt;M. gigantea&lt;/em&gt; leaves extract microcapsules in terms of physical characteristics. Particle size of microcapsules containing &lt;em&gt;M. gigantea&lt;/em&gt; leaves extract were in the range of 3.564 to 5.887 μm. Encapsulation efficiency (% EE) was categorized as good because the value were ≥ 80% to which 85.978% (FA&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;) and 88.992% (FB&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;). SEM picture of FA&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; (Eudragit E100) revealed that the surface of microcapsule were rough and porous. When Ethocel 10 cP used as polymer, a smoother surface and less visible pores of microcapsule were obtained. The antioxidant ability of &lt;em&gt;M. gigantea&lt;/em&gt; leaves extract microcapsule showed that IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values was 64.51 ppm. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;It can be concluded that microcapsules of &lt;em&gt;M. gigantea &lt;/em&gt;leaves extract can be prepared by solvent evaporation method by using Eudragit E100 and Ethocel 10 cP as polymer matrix. &lt;em&gt;M. gigantea &lt;/em&gt;leaves has potent antioxidant activity either as extract or after formulated into microcapsules.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">716</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Muhaimin Muhaimin&lt;sup&gt;1,2,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Yusnaidar Yusnaidar&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Wilda Syahri&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Madyawati Latief&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Anis Yohana Chaerunisaa&lt;sup&gt;3 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry Education, Faculty of Education, University of Jambi, Jambi, 36361, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Jambi, Jambi, 36361, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor, 45363, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhaimin Muhaimin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yusnaidar Yusnaidar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wilda Syahri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Madyawati Latief</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Riski Dwimalida Putri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andita Utami</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anis Yohana Chaerunisaa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andreas Yoga Aditama</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Josephine Elizabeth Siregar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiplasmodial Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Macaranga Gigantea Leaf and Its Major Constituent</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiplasmodial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ex vivo</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Macaranga gigantea</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plasmodium berghei</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1181-1188</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;This research main goal is to study the antiplasmodial activity of &lt;em&gt;Macaranga gigantea&lt;/em&gt; leaf ethanolic extract and its major components on malaria parasites using &lt;em&gt;ex vivo&lt;/em&gt; model. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This study was conducted by extraction of&lt;em&gt; M. gigantea&lt;/em&gt; leaves using ethanol and isolation of its major constituent. The extract and isolate were tested &lt;em&gt;ex vivo &lt;/em&gt;on Balb-C mice’s blood after i.p. administration of &lt;em&gt;Plasmodium berghei &lt;/em&gt;strain ANKA. Antiplasmodial activity was observed from mice blood treated by various concentration of either extract or isolate and the parasitaemia percentage were determined by calculating infected blood cell after 24 h of the treatment. It is expressed as decreased of parasitaemia levels and percent of inhibition. Qualitative analysis of active fraction were tested by HPLC method. Chemical structure of isolate were characterized by using UV, IR,&lt;sup&gt; 1&lt;/sup&gt;H-NMR,&lt;sup&gt; 13&lt;/sup&gt;C-NMR and MS spectrophotometry. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Ex vivo &lt;/em&gt;antiplasmodial study gave the percent inhibition as much as 92.1; 85.7; 64.1; 41.5 and 21.7% at extract concentrations of 300, 100, 30, 10 and 3 μg/ mL respectively. The IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values of the extract was 27.1 μg/ml. With respect to the percent of inhibition, at the same concentration, the isolate showed activity as much as 70.2; 62.5; 39.1; 21.7 and 10.8%. The IC&lt;sub&gt;50 &lt;/sub&gt;value of the isolate was 60.2 μg/ml. At the same concentration with extract and Isolate, Pyrimethamine as positive control gave percent inhibition of 94; 87.5; 44.8; 15.; and 12%, with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of 31.4 μg/ml. The results showed that major constituent of &lt;em&gt;M. gigantea&lt;/em&gt; leaves is flavonoid. HPLC analysis using a photo diode-array detector showed that the active fraction have same retention time with that of apigenin as standard. Based on instrumental analysis data and compared with literature, a flavonoid derivate known as apigenin can be said has been isolated.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; It can be concluded that either &lt;em&gt;M. gigantea&lt;/em&gt; leaves extract or isolated active constituent known as apigenin have potent antiplasmodial property.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1181</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Muhaimin Muhaimin&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;,*, Yusnaidar Yusnaidar&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Wilda Syahri&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Madyawati Latief&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Riski Dwimalida Putri&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Andita Utami&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Anis Yohana Chaerunisaa&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Andreas Yoga Aditama&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Josephine Elizabeth Siregar&lt;sup&gt;4 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry Education, Faculty of Education, University of Jambi, Jambi, 36361, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Jambi, Jambi, 36361, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor, 45363, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Mitochondria and Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Jakarta, 10430, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhaimin Muhaimin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Madyawati Latief</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Riski Dwimalida Putri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anis Yohana Chaerunisaa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andreas Yoga Aditama</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Normalita Eka Pravitasari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Josephine Elizabeth Siregar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiplasmodial Activity of Methanolic Leaf Extract of Mangrove Plants against Plasmodium berghei</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimalaria</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ex vivo</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mangrove</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plasmodium berghei</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sonneratia alba</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">929-935</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; A mosquito-borne disease infected by &lt;em&gt;Plasmodium&lt;/em&gt; is named as Malaria. Some drugs subjected to be active againts protozoans has developed resistance. It is very urgent to find alternative sources of new antimalarial agent. The main aim of this research was to study the activity of methanolic extracts of the leaf from mangrove plants on &lt;em&gt;Plasmodium berghei&lt;/em&gt; by using &lt;em&gt;ex vivo&lt;/em&gt; model. &lt;strong&gt;Method:&lt;/strong&gt; Screening of antiplasmodial activity from methanolic leaf extracts of &lt;em&gt;Sonneratia alba&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Acanthus ilicifolius&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Sonneratia caseolaris&lt;/em&gt; against &lt;em&gt;Plasmodium berghei &lt;/em&gt;was carried out in this study. Antiplasmodial study was subjected &lt;em&gt;ex vivo&lt;/em&gt; against &lt;em&gt;P. berghei &lt;/em&gt;strain ANKA infected into Balb-C mice. Calculation of the percentage of parasitemia after 24 h observed in the model and a decrease in parasitemia level and inhibitory propagation were defined as the results. Results: Potential antiplasmodial activity shown by a decrease in parasitemia level and high inhibitory percentage was revealed by &lt;em&gt;S. alba&lt;/em&gt; leaf methanolic extract at concentrations of 300, 100, 30, 10 and 3 μg/mL which provide the inhibition percentage of 95.5; 92,9; 78.7; 42.7 and 18.8%, respectively. Antiplasmodial activity can also be identified by the life cycle inhibition of &lt;em&gt;plasmodium&lt;/em&gt;. Methanolic leaf extract of &lt;em&gt;S. alba&lt;/em&gt; showed inhibition activity in the development of ring stage at minimum extract concentration of 300 μg/mL. At lower concentrations, trophozoites and schizones persisted with defects in morphological conditions. Moreover, Antiplasmodial activity of methanolic extracts of S. alba leaf was better than methanol extracts of &lt;em&gt;A. Ilicifolius&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;S. caseolaris&lt;/em&gt; leaf. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The results of this study indicated that among the mangrove plants have been studied, &lt;em&gt;S. alba&lt;/em&gt; mangrove exhibited the highest antisplasmodial activity which moreover assumed as a potential source for natural antimalarial drug candidate.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">929</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Muhaimin Muhaimin&lt;sup&gt;1,2,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Madyawati Latief&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Riski Dwimalida Putri&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Anis Yohana Chaerunisaa&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Andreas Yoga Aditama&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Normalita Eka Pravitasari&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Josephine Elizabeth Siregar&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry Education, Faculty of Education, University of Jambi, Jambi, 36361 INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Jambi, Jambi, 36361, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor, 45363, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Mitochondria and Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Jakarta, 10430, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
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