<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Emelia Oppong Bekoe</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cindy Kitcher</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Philip Debrah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Patrick Amoateng</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paul Owusu Donkor</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sarfoa Martinson</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A Study on Phyllanthus amarus; Pharmacognostic, Mycobactericidal and Mutagenic Properties</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fluorescence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mutagenic activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">P. amarus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognostic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tuberculosis</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1732-1739</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Phyllanthus amarus&lt;/em&gt; is a medicinal plant used in the treatment of various ailments which include gonorrhoea, jaundice, diabetes, kidney diseases, bladder and intestinal infections, influenza, measles, viral infections, and tuberculosis. Tuberculosis treatment is faced with many challenges, resulting in a prolonged treatment regimen and potential treatment failure. There is a need to search for more favourable treatment options. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; This study aimed at investigating the pharmacognostic and mycobactericidal properties of &lt;em&gt;P. amarus. &lt;/em&gt;Since toxicity could also be an issue, the mutagenic activity of this plant was also assessed. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The macroscopic, microscopic, and physicochemical characteristics were assessed with reference to the Quality Control Methods for Herbal Material WHO (2011). The mycobactericidal activity was determined by the agar diffusion and broth dilution methods, while mutagenicity was investigated by the Ames test. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;P. amarus &lt;/em&gt;contained tannins, flavonoids, glycosides, saponins and steroids. The 50% ethanol extract exhibited activity against &lt;em&gt;M. smegmatis&lt;/em&gt; at 100 mg/mL with an inhibitory zone of 2.0 cm.&lt;em&gt; P. amarus&lt;/em&gt; had a minimum inhibitory concentration of 50 mg/mL while that of rifampin was 0.1 μg/mL. &lt;em&gt;P. amarus&lt;/em&gt; showed weak mutagenicity at a concentration of 10 μg/mL. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The documented pharmacognostic characteristics can be used for quality control of the crude plant material. The mycobactericidal activity also affirmed its folkloric use in the treatment of tuberculosis. The mycobactericidal activity can be further exploited for drug development.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1732</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Emelia Oppong Bekoe&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Cindy Kitcher&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Philip Debrah&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Patrick Amoateng&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Paul Owusu Donkor&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Sarfoa Martinson&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy and Herbal Medicine, School of Pharmacy, University of Ghana, GHANA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutics and Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, University of Ghana, GHANA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, University of Ghana, GHANA.&lt;/p&gt;
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