<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maulana Yusuf Alkandahri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mally Ghinan Sholih</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nitya Nurul Fadilah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maya Arfania</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Surya Amal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dedy Frianto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lina Aliyani Mardiana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diany Astuti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dadang Muhammad Hasyim</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evaluation of Antidiarrheal, Antispasmodic, and Antisecretory Activities of Extract and Fractions of Castanopsis costata Leaves in Animal Models</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Animal models</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Castanopsis costata</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diarrhea</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">North Sumatra.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Traditional medicine</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">31-37</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; The use of traditional medicinal plants &lt;em&gt;Castanopsis costata &lt;/em&gt;in the management of diarrhea is an ancient practice in North Sumatra, Indonesia, but its safety and efficacy have not been examined scientifically in animal models. Therefore, this study aims to determine the antidiarrheal effect of &lt;em&gt;C. costata&lt;/em&gt; leaf extract and fractions&lt;em&gt; in vivo&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The antidiarrheal activity was evaluated against animal models of diarrhea induced by castor oil, charcoal meal, and entero-pooling test. The extract group received doses of 25, 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg, while the fraction groups was treated with WFCC, EAFCC, and nHFCC, in doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg, respectively. The negative control received 10 mL/kg of the dissolving vehicle, while the positive was treated with loperamide 3 mg/kg.&lt;strong&gt; Results&lt;/strong&gt;: The results showed that EECC doses of 200 mg/kg, WFCC, and EAFCC at 50 and 100 mg/kg, respectively significantly delayed the onset of diarrhea, while WFCC and EAFCC at 100 mg/kg significantly reduced the amount of wet feces output and total feces output. In addition, only WFCC and EAFCC (at 50 and 100 mg/kg, respectively) significantly reduced the mean weight of wet feces and total feces. The percentage of maximum diarrhea inhibition was observed at the EAFCC dose of 100 mg/kg. Based on the charcoal meal test results, only EAFCC significantly inhibited the distance traveled by charcoal meal and reduced the peristaltic index at a dose of 100 mg/kg, while the percentage decrease in gastrointestinal motility was 46.87%. Similarly, in the entero-pooling test, WFCC and EAFCC significantly reduced the volume and weight of intestinal contents at a dose of 100 mg/kg, respectively. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The results confirm that the extract and fractions of &lt;em&gt;C. costata&lt;/em&gt; have antidiarrheal activity. Therefore, this study provides scientific support for the traditional use of &lt;em&gt;C. costata&lt;/em&gt; in treating diarrhea.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">31</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Maulana Yusuf Alkandahri&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Mally Ghinan Sholih&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Nitya Nurul Fadilah&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Maya Arfania&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Surya Amal&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Dedy Frianto&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Lina Aliyani Mardiana&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Diany Astuti&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Dadang Muhammad Hasyim&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Buana Perjuangan Karawang, Karawang, West Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Singaperbangsa Karawang, Karawang, West Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Perjuangan Tasikmalaya, Tasikmalaya, West Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Diploma Program of Pharmacy, Karsa Husada Garut College of Health Sciences, Garut, West Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Himyatul Hidayah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Surya Amal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nia Yuniarsih</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Farhamzah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anggun Hari Kusumawati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neni Sri Gunarti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ermi Abriyani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Iin Lidia Putama Mursal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adinda Khansa Sundara</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maulana Yusuf Alkandahri</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sun Protection Factor Activity of Jamblang Leaves Serum Extract (Syzygium cumini)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Serum</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sun protection factor</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Syzygium cumini</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ultraviolet.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">134-140</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;The development of serum preparations containing natural ingredients for sun protection is growing rapidly. Jamblang (&lt;em&gt;Syzygium cumini&lt;/em&gt;) leaves are rich in phenolic compounds that can inhibit free radicals causing premature aging. Therefore, this study aims to determine the potential of &lt;em&gt;S. cumin&lt;/em&gt;i serum extract as sun protection. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The extract was prepared and included in the serum base. The formulations were evaluated for rheological, pH, dispersion coefficient, and stability examinations. Furthermore, Sun Protection Factor was tested using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The test of phytochemical compounds showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, polyphenols, tannins, saponins, quinones, monoterpenoids, sesquiterpenoids, triterpenoids, and steroids. The result also showed that all serum formulations met the predetermined requirements. Furthermore, the extract has protective activity against ultraviolet rays, which was indicated by the SPF value. The higher the dose of &lt;em&gt;S. cumini&lt;/em&gt; extracts in the serum formulation, the higher the value obtained. Formulations 1, 2, and 3 have SPF of 9.35±0.11, 13.26±0.16, and 26.05±0.31, respectively. This indicates that they all met the Indonesian National Standard, that a sun protection preparation must have a minimum protection factor of 4. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;S. cumini&lt;/em&gt; extract serum has the potential to be developed as a new sun protection agent against ultraviolet radiation. However, further studies are still needed to determine the mechanism of its constituent active compounds.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">134</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Himyatul Hidayah&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Surya Amal&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Nia Yuniarsih&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Farhamzah&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Anggun Hari Kusumawati&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Neni Sri Gunarti&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ermi Abriyani&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Iin Lidia Putama Mursal&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Adinda Khansa Sundara&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Maulana Yusuf Alkandahri&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Buana Perjuangan Karawang, Karawang, West Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Student of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Buana Perjuangan Karawang, Karawang, West Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
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