<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Howaida I Abd-Alla</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heba-tollah M Sweelam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Walaa A El-Kashak</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mounir M El-Safty</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evaluation of Immune Boosting Properties and Combating of Multiple Respiratory Viral Infections by fifteen Euphorbiaceae Plant Extracts</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Euphorbiaceae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GC/MS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hemagglutination</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Immune</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Respiratory viral infections</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SPF-ECEs</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1490-1503</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;Fifteen Euphorbiaceae plant extracts were evaluated for their antiviral and immune boosting properties. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The maximum non-toxic concentration of each extract in specific pathogen–free embryonated chicken eggs was estimated and their antiviral efficacy was determined in terms of reduction in viral titers, measured by the hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay. The antiviral efficacy was compared with ribavirin. The active extract was further subjected to estimation of total polyphenolic and flavonoid contents. Also, GC/ MS analysis was used to analyze its unsaponifiable and saponifiable matters. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The cytotoxic concentration fifty (CC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;) of &lt;em&gt;Breynia distacha&lt;/em&gt; recorded the value of &amp;gt;200 and &amp;gt;300 for Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and avian influenza virus (AIV) H5N1, respectively. This extract showed antiviral inhibition concentration (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;) values of ≤ 2 and ≤ 3, respectively and antiviral therapeutic index of 100% compared with ribavirin as standard. The serum of the vaccinated chicks treated with &lt;em&gt;B. distacha &lt;/em&gt;has recorded the highest HI titers (7.1 and 8.3 log2) at the day of 28 post vaccination with high protection percentage (100 and 90%) post NDV and AIV H5N1 challenge, respectively. Also, a high HI titer (6.9 log2) was recorded in serum of the vaccinated chicks treated with &lt;em&gt;Aleurites moluccana, Jatropha curcas, Ricinus communis, Putranjiva roxburghii &lt;/em&gt;with protection percentage of 95-100% post-NDV challenge. GC/MS analysis allowed identification of 91.10% of the total unsaponifiable matter, (1-heptatriacotanol represented the major component, 24.61%) and 82.51% of the fatty acid methyl esters content (methyl palmitate represented the major component, 26.13 %). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; This study highlighted the potential of many Euphorbiaceae plants especially&lt;em&gt; B. distacha,&lt;/em&gt; to be new candidate of plant-based prototypes that carry antiviral and immunogenic features against respiratory viral infections.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1490</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Howaida I. Abd-Alla&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Hebatollah M. Sweelam&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Walaa A. El-Kashak&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Mounir M. El-Safty&lt;sup&gt;2 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Chemistry of Natural Compounds Department, National Research Centre, El- Tahrir Street, Dokki, Giza 12622, EGYPT.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Quality Control of SPF Eggs Department, Central Laboratory for Evaluation of Veterinary Biologics, Abbassia 13181, Cairo, EGYPT.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Iasmine Andreza Basilio dos Santos Alves</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rafaela Damasceno Sá</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marília Barbosa Cadena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rafael Matos Ximenes</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karina Perrelli Randau</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Microscopic Characterization of Croton cordiifolius Baill. (Euphorbiaceae)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Croton cordiifolius</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Euphorbiaceae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacobotany</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant anatomy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quebra-faca</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2017 </style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">/files/PJ-9-3/10.5530pj.2017.3.61</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">361-366</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Croton cordiifolius Baill&lt;/em&gt;. is popularly known as &amp;ldquo;quebra-faca&amp;rdquo; in the Brazilian Northeast and is used to treat general inflammation, pain, and gastrointestinal disturbances. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; This paper aims to study the anatomical characteristics of &lt;em&gt;C. cordiifolius&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Cross-sections and paradermic sections of root, stem, petiole and leaf blade were obtained by hand and submitted to double staining with astra blue and safranin process for the anatomical study. Maceration was performed according to the method of Jeffrey. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The secondary root has peridermis, parenchymatic cortex, collateral vascular system surrounded by sclerenchyma. The secondary stem has peridermis, cortical region with lignified cells, isolated groups of fibers, laticifers, prismatic crystals, druses and starch. The vascular system of the stem is bicollateral. The petiole and the leaf blade have stellate, simple and glandular trichomes. The leaf blade is hypostomatic, with paracytic stomata. The mesophyll is isobilateral and the midrib shows a concave-convex contour. Laticifers occur in stem, petiole and leaf blade. Prismatic crystals and druses are found in all organs analysed. Through the maceration it was possible to identify the type of vessel elements. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The anatomical features are useful for differentiation of other species of &lt;em&gt;Croton&lt;/em&gt; and provide support to their quality control.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">361</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Iasmine Andreza Basilio dos Santos Alves&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Rafaela Damasceno S&amp;aacute;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Mar&amp;iacute;lia Barbosa Cadena&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Rafael Matos Ximenes&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Karina Perrelli Randau&lt;sup&gt;2* &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Laborat&amp;oacute;rio de Etnofarmacologia, Departamento de Antibi&amp;oacute;ticos, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Avenida Professor Arthur de S&amp;aacute;, Cidade Universit&amp;aacute;ria, Recife, PE, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Laborat&amp;oacute;rio de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Ci&amp;ecirc;ncias Farmac&amp;ecirc;uticas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Avenida Professor Arthur de S&amp;aacute;, Cidade Universit&amp;aacute;ria, Recife, PE, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record></records></xml>