<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tamilarasan Tamil Kumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seeni Mohamed Salique</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohamed Hussain Muhammad Ilyas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nooruddin Thajuddin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Annamalai Panneerselvam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohamed Khan Syed Ali Padusha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hussain Syed Jahangir</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical Screening and Antimicrobial Studies in Leaf Extracts of Indigofera aspalathoides (Vahl.)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimicrobial activities</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GC-MS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HPLC</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Indigofera aspalathoides</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NMR</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1208-1215</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; In traditional Indian herbal medicine, the plant &lt;em&gt;Indigofera aspalathoides&lt;/em&gt; (Vahl.) has been used to treat various human ailments. &lt;strong&gt;Methods and Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Various phytochemical compounds (Rf value) such as Tannin (1.14), Flavonoid (1.14), Saponin (0.87), Sterol (0.88) and Phenol (0.86) were found in the leaf extract. The antimicrobial effects of the phytoconstituents were examined for three bacterial and fungal species. The highest anti-bacterial and antifungal activities were found in flavonoid compound, where the maximum zone of inhibition was recorded in &lt;em&gt;Staphylococcus aureus&lt;/em&gt; 18mm compared to positive control chloramphenicol (24mm). 13mm observed in &lt;em&gt;A. flavus&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;A. ochraceous&lt;/em&gt; where positive control streptomycin exhibits 18mm. GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of three major compounds in 8&amp;alpha; (2H)-Phenanthrenol, 7-ethenyldodecahydro-1,1,4&amp;alpha;, 7-tetramethyl-, acetate, [4&amp;alpha;s(4&amp;alpha;&amp;alpha;, 4b&amp;alpha;, 7&amp;alpha;, 8&amp;alpha;&amp;alpha;, 10&amp;alpha;&amp;alpha;)], Benzoic acid, 4-methyl- , 2-oxo-2- phenylethyl ester and Cyclohexanol, 5-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)-, [1S-(1&amp;alpha;,2&amp;alpha;,5&amp;alpha;)] in the crude extracts. The preparative HPLC analysis proved the presence of single peak from the crude flavonoid compounds, where the absorption maximum was between 207-290nm exhibited by the UV spectrum analysis. FTIR spectrum confirmed the presence of amide group, phenol group, carboxylic acid, alkynyl, alkene and aromatic ring. NMR studies proved the presence of phenyl group, methyl group and H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;C-CH group and their molecular weight recorded as 353 through the mass spectrum analysis. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The identified compound considered as the vital compound to design the &amp;ldquo;green antimicrobial drugs&amp;rdquo;.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1208</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tamilarasan Tamil Kumar&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Seeni Mohamed Salique&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Mohamed Hussain Muhammad Ilyas&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Nooruddin Thajuddin&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Annamalai Panneerselvam&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Mohamed Khan Syed Ali Padusha&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Hussain Syed Jahangir&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Post Graduate and Research Department of Botany, Jamal Mohamed College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli-620020, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli-620024, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Post Graduate and Research Department of Botany and Microbiology, A. Veeriya Vandayar Memorial Sri Pushpam College (Autonomous), Poondi-613503, Thanjavur District, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Post Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, Jamal Mohamed College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli-620020, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chuanchom Khuniad</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Worathat Thitikornpong</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chanida Palanuvej</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nijsiri Ruangrungsi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognostic evaluation and chrysazin quantitation of Xyris indica flowering heads</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimicrobial activities</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chrysazin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognostic specification</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quantitative analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Xyris indica</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">26th May 2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16-22</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objectives: &lt;/strong&gt;The present study aimed to establish quality specification of &lt;em&gt;Xyris indica&lt;/em&gt; L. flowering heads. The pharmacognostic parameters were investigated. Chrysazin contents were analyzed by TLC image analysis using ImageJ software compared to TLC-densitometry. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;X. indica&lt;/em&gt; flowering heads from 15 different sources in Thailand were collected. Morphological and physicochemical parameters were characterized. Chrysazin was successively extracted and determined by TLC image analysis using ImageJ software and TLC-densitometry. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Macroscopic study was illustrated as whole plant drawing. The microscopic study showed fragment of corolla, seeds, pollen grain and staminode. The pharmacognostic parameters revealed that the loss on drying, total ash, acid-insoluble ash and water content should be not more than 6.90, 2.50, 0.41, and 11.12 of % dry weight respectively while water and ethanol-soluble extractive values should be not less than 6.59 and 4.03 of % dry weight respectively. TLC fingerprint revealed clearly chrysazin yellow fluorescent band at 365 nm. Chrysazin quantitation by TLC image analysis and TLC densitometry were developed and validated. Chrysazin content was 0.022 &amp;plusmn; 0.001 % dry weight by both methods. There was no statistically significantly difference between these methods. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;This study provided pharmacognostic specification and chrysazin content of &lt;em&gt;X. indica&lt;/em&gt; flowering heads that can be used for basic quality control and standardization of plant material. TLC image analysis using ImageJ software showed reliable and convenient for analysis of chrysazin content in this crude drug.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Xyris indica&lt;/em&gt;, Pharmacognostic specification, Chrysazin, Quantitative analysis, Antimicrobial activities&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Chuanchom Khuniad&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;, Worathat Thitikornpong&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt;, Chanida Palanuvej&lt;sup&gt;a*&lt;/sup&gt; and Nijsiri Ruangrungsi&lt;sup&gt;a,c&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;College of Public Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok-10330, Thailand&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok-10330, Thailand&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;c&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, Rangsit University, Pathumthani-12000, Thailand.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record></records></xml>