<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Monika Bhalodiya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jayant Chavda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nilesh Patel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ravi Manek</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ajay Patel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sheetal Faldu</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Determination of Polyphenolic content and Antioxidant Activity from Various Extracts of Boerhaavia diffusa Linn Root: An in vitro Approach for Selection of Appropriate Extracting Solvent</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ABTS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boerhavia diffusa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">crude extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DPPH</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Free radicles</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">total phenolic content</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1578-1585</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; This study is aimed to evaluate extraction capacity of different solvents (toluene, dichloromethane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, ethanol, methanol, water, 60% aqueous methanol, 60% aqueous ethanol and 60% aqueous acetone) and its effect on total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, and antioxidant assay. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Extraction was performed from dried root powder of &lt;em&gt;Boerhavia diffusa&lt;/em&gt; using various solvents at 25˚C on magnetic sirr (300 rpm). Extraction yield, total phenolic content, total flavonoid content and total tannin content of the extracts were determined spectrophotometrically using gallic acid, quercetin as standards. Antioxidant potential determines by using various in vitro methodologies such as DPPH, FRAP, and ABTS assay. &lt;strong&gt;Result: &lt;/strong&gt;The 60% aqueous methanol showed the highest extracting yield, in contrast, toluene and hexane showed the lowest yield. Highest total phenolic content (239.8±0.25 mg GAE/g) and total flavonoid content (131.1±4.20 mg QCE/g), were found from methanolic extract. While, acetone extract showed highest tannin content. The Methanolic extract of &lt;em&gt;Boerhaavia diffusa&lt;/em&gt; exhibited the highest antioxidant activity. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;The highest correlation was found between phenolic content and the antioxidant assay. It seems that phenolic contents are responsible for free radicle scavenging activity. From the observation, it concluded that methanolic extract rich with polyphenolic content and acetone extract showed the highest amount of tannin content.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1578</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Monika Bhalodiya&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Jayant Chavda&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Nilesh Patel&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Ravi Manek&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Ajay Patel&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sheetal Faldu&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Gujarat Technological University, Chandkheda, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 382424, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;B.K Mody Government Pharmacy College, Rajkot, Gujarat 360003, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Smt. R. D. Gardi B. Pharmacy College, Rajkot 360005, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Srividya Lonkala</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A. Rama Narsimha Reddy</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial Activity of Carica papaya Leaves and Allium sativum Cloves Alone and in Combination against Multiple Strains</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Allium sativum cloves</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bacillus cereus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carica papaya leaves</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">crude extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Escherichia coli</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pseudomonas aeruginosa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salmonella typhi</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Staphylococcus aureus</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">600-602</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim:&lt;/strong&gt; Screening of natural extracts is a focused intensive study that aims to find active principles sorted from plant resources both safe and environmental friendly. The present study was aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of direct crude extracts of &lt;em&gt;Carica papaya &lt;/em&gt;leaves and &lt;em&gt;Allium sativum cloves&lt;/em&gt; alone and in combination against multiple drug resistant strains. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Two Gram positive (&lt;em&gt;Staphylococcus aureus&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Bacillus cereus&lt;/em&gt;) and three strains of Gram negative (&lt;em&gt;Escherichia coli, Salmonella typh&lt;/em&gt;i and &lt;em&gt;Pseudomonas aeruginosa&lt;/em&gt;) bacteria were used to evaluate the antibacterial activity of &lt;em&gt;Carica papaya &lt;/em&gt;leaves and &lt;em&gt;Allium sativum&lt;/em&gt; using Agar Disk Diffusion Method. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The results of this study showed that both extracts showed moderate antibacterial activity against the test bacterial strains and the potency of the extracts was increased when these two extracts were combined. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; These extracts directly can be used as natural alternative preventives to control various food poisoning diseases and preserve food stuff avoiding healthy hazards of chemically antimicrobial agent applications.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">600</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Srividya Lonkala *, A. Rama Narsimha Reddy &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beside LMD Police Station, Thimmapur, Karimnagar-505481, Telangana, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Edwina O Uzunuigbe</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Foluso O Osunsanmi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Priscilla Masamba</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rebamang A Mosa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rebamang A Mosa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andrew R Opoku</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abidemi P Kappo</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical Constituents and Antioxidant Activities of Crude Extracts from Acacia Senegal Leaf Extracts</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ABTS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acacia Senegal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">crude extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DPPH</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Free Radicals</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1409-1414</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Acacia senegal&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Fabaceae&lt;/em&gt;) Wild is a leguminous tree with economic values, but its leaves are under-utilised. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To investigate the phytochemical constituents and antioxidant potential of crude extracts from &lt;em&gt;A. Senegal’s&lt;/em&gt; leaves. Methods: Methanol and acetone crude extracts of leaves of &lt;em&gt;A. senegal &lt;/em&gt;were prepared by maceration using organic solvents, methanol and acetone respectively. Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analysis of the crude extracts were evaluated using Association of Agricultural and Chemist (AOAC) protocols. Antioxidant activities of the crude extracts were determined using 2, 2′-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) and 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) respectively. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The crude extracts (acetone and methanol) showed vary quality of phytochemical constituent including flavonoid, alkaloids, carbohydrate, saponins, tannin, steroids, and terpenoids. Acetone crude possessed significant (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &amp;lt; 0.05) higher total flavonoid and proanthocyanidin content in comparison with methanol extracts. Whereas, methanol crude extract possessed significant higher total phenol content compared with acetone crude extract. The crude extracts showed antioxidant activities as evidence in scavenging ABTS and DPPH radicals. However, acetone crude with lower IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of 0.09 mg/mL possessed significant higher ABTS scavenging ability compared to methanol (0.07 mg/mL) and ascorbic acid (0.07 mg/mL). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The crude extracts could serve as a promising natural antioxidant agent in management of oxidative stress diseases. For further studies, bioactive compounds need to be ascertained.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1409</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edwina O Uzunuigbe&lt;sup&gt;1,2,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Foluso O Osunsanmi&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Priscilla Masamba&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Rebamang A Mosa&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Andrew R Opoku&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Abidemi P Kappo&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Biotechnology and Structural Biochemistry (BSB) Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3886, KwaZulu-Natal, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Rubber Research Institute of Nigeria (RRIN), Iyanomo, P.M.B 1049, Benin City, Edo State, NIGERIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Agriculture Science, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3886, KwaZulu-Natal, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X 20, Hatfield 0028, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;
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