<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arwa Ahmed Alyas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hasan Aldewachi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohammed Ibrahim Aladul</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adulteration of Herbal Medicine and its Detection Methods</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adulteration</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">detection methods</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Herbal medicines</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">248-254</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;People are increasingly turning to the use of herbal medicines (HMs) due to the growing trend of embracing nature and concerns about the adverse effects of conventional treatments. HMs provide a sense of safety because they are natural and intended for long-term use. However, herbal medicines are also associated with adverse effects. Furthermore, the use of these medicines poses dangers associated with the deliberate inclusion of synthetic substances, the intentional or accidental substitution of plant species, or simply the risk of mislabeling. While reports of illegal synthetic or pharmaceutical substances being added often involve herbal weight-loss and weight gain preparations, aphrodisiacs, treatments for rheumatic and inflammatory diseases, antidiabetic medications, and antihypertensive preparations, it appears that the substitution of plant species occurs across various categories of herbal medicines. This narrative aims to review the types of adulteration in herbal medicine, the analytical techniques used for detecting adulteration. In conclusion, more studies on the adulteration of HMs are required to inform health authorities and limit the use of these substances. Therefore, it is necessary to coordinate and encourage regulatory policies on HMs on a worldwide scale. Relevant regulatory agencies all over the world must be proactive and keep enforcing the necessary safeguards to protect public health by ensuring that all herbal medications approved for sale are secure and of a high enough standard.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Review Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">248</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Arwa Ahmed Alyas&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Hasan Aldewachi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Mohammed Ibrahim Aladul&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul, 41002, IRAQ. 2College of Pharmacy, Ninevah University, Mosul, 41002, IRAQ.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nartunai Govindarajan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Susikumar Sundharamoorthy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Narayanan Kannan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ilavarasan Raju</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Macro-Microscopic Identification of Dried Flowers of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. and its Differentiation from Adulterant Rhododendron arboreum Sm.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adulteration</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hibiscus rosa-sinensis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Macro-microscopy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rhododendron arboreum</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Semparathai</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">613-616</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Hibiscus rosa-sinensis&lt;/em&gt; Linn. (Fam.Malvaceae) is a small evergreen shrub cultivated in gardens throughout India. The decoction of flowers is used in Indian system of Medicine for bronchial inflammation, urinary astringent and cardio tonic, to promote growth and to prevent graying of hair. The dried flowers of &lt;em&gt;Rhododendron arboreum&lt;/em&gt; Sm. (Fam.Ericaceae) are morphologically looking similar to &lt;em&gt;Hibiscus rosa-sinensis&lt;/em&gt; and used as adulterant in the market. Hence, the morphological, Micro-morphological and powder microscopical studies on dried flowers of &lt;em&gt;Hibiscus rosa-sinensis&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Rhododendron arboreum &lt;/em&gt;was carried out and reported. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To identify the dried flowers of Hisbiscus rosa-sinensis macro-microscopically and to differentiate it from adulterant &lt;em&gt;Rhododendron arboreum&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The morphology and powder microscopy were observed following standard methods and photographed. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The colour, taste, arrangement and appearance of calyx, corolla and stamen, trichomes, calcium oxalate crystals, sclereids, oil globules and pollen grains are found to be differentiating diagnostic characters in raw drug/powdered form of dried flowers of &lt;em&gt;Hibiscus rosa-sinensis&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Rhododendron arboreum&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The finding of present study is helpful in standardization of formulation consists of &lt;em&gt;Hibiscus rosa-sinensis &lt;/em&gt;as ingredient in their powdered form and also for authentication/identification of dried flowers of&lt;em&gt; Hibiscus rosa-sinensis&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Short Communication</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">613</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nartunai Govindarajan&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Susikumar Sundharamoorthy&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Narayanan Kannan&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Ilavarasan Raju&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Research Officer, Department of Pharmacognosy, Captain Srinivasa Murthy Regional Ayurveda Drug Development Institute, CCRAS, Govt. of India, Chennai – 600 106, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Research Scholar, Captain Srinivasa Murthy Regional Ayurveda Drug Development Institute, CCRAS, Govt. of India, Chennai – 600 106, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory Technician, Captain Srinivasa Murthy Regional Ayurveda Drug Development Institute, CCRAS, Govt. of India, Chennai – 600 106, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Assistant Director, Captain Srinivasa Murthy Regional Ayurveda Drug Development Institute, CCRAS, Govt. of India, Chennai – 600 106, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
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