<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thiraviyam Anand</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mahalingam Sundararajan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muniyandi Anbukkarasi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Philip Aloysius Thomas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pitchairaj Geraldine</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A Methanolic Extract of Ocimum basilicum Exhibits Antioxidant Effects and Prevents Selenite-induced Cataract Formation in Cultured Lenses of Wistar Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cataract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Crystallins</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ocimum basilicum</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oxidative stress</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytoconstituents</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">496-504</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; An extract (Methanolic) of the&lt;em&gt; Ocimum basilicum &lt;/em&gt;leaf was analysed for potential to abrogate experimental formation of cataract &lt;em&gt;in-vitro.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Phytoconstituents were first detected in &lt;em&gt;O. basilicum&lt;/em&gt; extracts (Aqueous or methanolic) by gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis. The putative antioxidant activity of these extracts was then assessed by measuring &lt;em&gt;in-vitro &lt;/em&gt;radical-scavenging activity, ion-chelating potential and reducing potency. Potential cytotoxicity of the extract on Human lenticular epithelial B3 (HLE-B3) cells was also sought. Finally, possible prevention of cataract formation by the methanolic extract was gauged in selenite-exposed lenses obtained from Wistar rats. There were 3 groups (8 Lenses in each): Group I (Lenses incubated in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium [DMEM] alone); Group II (Lenses incubated in DMEM with sodium selenite [100 &lt;em&gt;μ&lt;/em&gt;M/ml]); Group III (Lenses incubated in DMEM with selenite [100 &lt;em&gt;μ&lt;/em&gt;M/ml] and the &lt;em&gt;O. basilicum&lt;/em&gt; methanolic extract (200 &lt;em&gt;μ&lt;/em&gt;g/ml DMEM). Gross lenticular morphology was assessed. Levels of lenticular malondialdehyde (MDA) and reduced glutathione (GSH) were also measured. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; A higher intensity of antioxidative activity was noted in the methanolic extract than in the aqueous extract. The methanolic extract exhibited negligible cytotoxicity. On morphological examination, marked opacification was seen in all 8 Group II lenses whereas there was no opacification in 7 of 8 Group III lenses. Near normal mean levels of reduced glutathione and malondialdehyde, were noted within Group III lenses. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The methanolic extract of the &lt;em&gt;O. basilicum&lt;/em&gt; leaf appears to prevent selenite-induced cataract formation&lt;em&gt; in-vitro.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">496</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Thiraviyam Anand1, Mahalingam Sundararajan&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Muniyandi Anbukkarasi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Philip Aloysius Thomas&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Pitchairaj Geraldine&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Animal Science, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli- 620024, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Ocular Microbiology, Institute of Ophthalmology, Joseph Eye Hospital, Tiruchirappalli- 620024, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Emmanuel Oladipo AJANI</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Saheed SABIU</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kuburat Temitope ODUFUWA</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Taiwo Bashir Ibrahim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bamidele Adewale Salau</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evaluation of Lens Aldose Reductase Inhibitory and Free Radical Scavenging Potential of Fractions of Lonchocarpus cyanescens: Potential for Cataract Remediation</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aldose reductase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cataract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Free radical</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medicinal plant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical constituents.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">62-69</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Current research effort at discovering effective anticataract agent is focus on evaluating Aldose reductase inhibition (ARI) capacities of medicinal plants and plant extracts. The present study was aimed at investigating the &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; ARI activity of fractions of &lt;em&gt;Lonchocarpus cyanescens&lt;/em&gt; leaves on partially purified AR from goat lens. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Phytochemical constituents of the leaves were screened for using aqueous and methanolic extract while &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; free radical scavenging and ARI activities of the fractions were evaluated using partially purified aldose reductase. Kinetics of the enzyme in the presence of fractions of the leaves was then compared using Lineweaver-Burk plot. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Phenol, flavonoid, tannins and phlobatannins were detected in both extracts. All the fractions inhibited AR significantly but this was strongest with aqueous (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;, 0.06 &amp;plusmn; 0.02 mM&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; and chloroform fractions (IC50, 0.09 &amp;plusmn; 0.01 mM&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;). Ethyl acetate, hexane and methanol fraction showed competitive inhibition whereas the aqueous and chloroform fractions showed mixed inhibition with a different V&lt;sub&gt;max&lt;/sub&gt; and K&lt;sub&gt;m &lt;/sub&gt;when compared with DL-glyceraldehyde. All the fractions also showed antioxidant capacities but this was also strongest with aqueous fraction. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The study confirms the ARI and antioxidant capacity of &lt;em&gt;Lonchocarpus cyanescens&lt;/em&gt; which may be attributed to its phenolic constituents and whose extraction is solvent dependent. The plant may therefore serve as a base for the development of anticataract agent.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">62</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Emmanuel Oladipo Ajani&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Saheed Sabiu&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Kuburat Temitope Odufuwa&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Taiwo Bashir Ibrahim&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; and Bamidele Adewale Salau&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Kwara State University, Malete, Department of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Phytomedicine and Drug Development Laboratory, P. M. B. 1530, Ilorin, Nigeria.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;University of the Free State, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Science South Africa.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry, OlabisiOnabanjoUnivesity, Remo Campus, Ikenne, Nigeria.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Chemical sciences/Natural sciences, Redemer&amp;rsquo;s University, Ede, Osun State.&lt;/p&gt;
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