Bioactive Secondary Metabolite from Endophytic Aspergillus Tubenginses ASH4 Isolated from Hyoscyamus muticus: Antimicrobial, Antibiofilm, Antioxidant and Anticancer Activity

Background: Endophytes are the richest sources of natural compounds, showing biological varieties and pharmacological activities. Objective: This study aims to isolate bioactive secondary metabolites from endophytic Aspergillus tubenginses with study the biological activity of the isolated bioactive compounds. Materials and Methods: Anofinic acid were obtained from Aspergillus tubenginses crude extract using chromatographic techniques and characterized by spectral analysis. Results: Nine endophytic fungi were isolated from Hyoscyamus muticus plant. The most efficient isolate was AF3 identified as Aspergillus tubenginses ASH4 by 18S rRNA gene sequencing. Anofinic acid is an isolated active metabolite biosynthesized by A. tubenginsis was extracted from ethyl acetate with UPAC name of 2,2-dimethyl-2H-1-benzopyran-6-carboxylic acid. It shows a strong antimicrobial activity against human pathogenic bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans and Bacillus subtilis. Moreover, anofinic acid inhibits biofilm formation and has antioxidant activity, with strong activity against some carcinoma cells such as HCT-116, Hep-G2 and MCF-7. Conclusion: Anofinic acid was purified from the endophytic Aspergillus tubenginses crude extract and showed antimicrobial, antibiofilm, antioxidant, anticancer activities.