Anatomical Study of Pachyphragma macrophyllum (Hoffm.) N. Busch

Introduction: Pachyphragma macrophyllum (Hoffm.) N. Busch is not studied endemic of the Caucasus (Russia) and Turkey. Now in medicine, it is not applied yet, but preliminary data confirm potential use of this plant. For this purpose, it is necessary to carry out the analysis of P. macrophyllum, and we began with morphological, anatomic studying. Materials and Methods: P. macrophyllum herb was collected during the flowering period on the Mount Mashuk in Pyatigorsk, Stavropol region, Russia in April 2019. The anatomical structure of P. macrophyllum is considered in accordance with the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia XIV. Results: The main morphological signs of P. macrophyllum: basal leaves have petioles; cordate or reniform. Stem leaves oval, petioles short. The leaves have a serrated margin. The inflorescences grow in a raceme. Fruit cordate silicula. Microscopic signs: on the edge of the leaf blade are outgrowths, walls of cells of the upper and lower epidermis heavily sinuous, stomata as a rule anisocytic type. In cross-section of the leaf, two types of mesophyll: palisade and spongy; vascular bundle collateral round shape. On the cross-section of the stem, the epidermis, collenchyma, parenchyma, collateral vascular bundles are located around. Cells of epidermis of a petal and sepal of a flower polygonal. Conclusion: The received standards will provide reference information for identification, purity, standardisation for the use of P. macrophyllum as raw materials for medicines.